INewfoundland - kubhekwa njengohlobo olujwayelekile lwezinja emazweni amaningi omhlaba. Lesi silwane esihle, emakhulwini ayishumi edlule, sidwebe imidwebo yama-Eskimos nabanye abantu basenyakatho. Izinwele ezinkulu, ubukhulu obukhulu kanye nesigaxa esiqinile sivumele inja ukuba ibekezelele noma yisiphi isithwathwa. Kamuva inja yavela e-United States nakwamanye amazwe aseduze.
Kunombono wokuthi okhokho baseNewfoundland bafaka inja yaseTibetan, ehambisana nenqwaba yokuphikisana. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi unganaki ukufana okuthile phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili, kodwa futhi kunokwehluka okuningi.
Ukuzalela eNewfoundland kwaba umphumela wokukhethwa isikhathi eside. Abafuyi bezinja baseYurophu bafuna ukwakha inja eqinile, bengasabi isithwathwa kanye nama-vagaries emvelo. Yayidinga inja ezizwa imnandi emanzini. Njengomphumela wesigamu seminyaka yokukhethwa, iNewfoundland yamanje ivele. Inja ebucayi enothando olungapheli lwamanzi. Lezi yizilwane ezinkulu ezimbozwe izinwele ezimnyama noma ezinsundu. E-Russia, izinja zibizwa nge- “divers” - ulwelwesi lubonakala phakathi kweminwe ezandleni zezinja, yingakho isidlaliso.
Indawo lapho kuzalwa khona lesi siqhingi saseNewfoundland, lapho leli gama livela khona. Abanye abacwaningi babheka okhokho bamaNewkoundland huskies. Owesibili uthi lo nhlobo wazalwa ngenxa yokuwela izimpisi ezimnyama nama mastiffs aqhamuka e-Asia. Umphumela waba inja enomusa nephendulayo, okuyiqembu elihamba phambili nabaqaphi.
Njengoba sekuphawuliwe, lo mbondo oholayo ovela kwizinja zase-Europe ezimise okwama-mastiff. INewfoundland, yavela kanye nabahlali bokuqala ngekhulu le-16 kanye nezinja zasendaweni zamaNdiya. Ngemuva kwamakhulu amathathu eminyaka, inzalo yamazinyane okuqala yavela eFrance. Imidlwane yokuqala yalethwa ngabadobi baseFrance. Uhlobo olwalungathandwa ikakhulukazi eFrance. IBritish engamangazi ibonga ubuhle bezinja futhi izibandakanye kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ichibi lezakhi zofuzo. Ngo-1879, kwaqoshwa izinga lokuqala lokufuya laseNewfoundland.
Incazelo yokuzala
Iqoqo lokufingqa lezimpawu:
Elinye igama | diver |
Isikhathi sokuphila | Iminyaka engu-8-10 |
IMisa | owesilisa: 60-70 kg, ngowesifazane: 45-55 kg |
Ukukhula | owesilisa: 69-74 cm, owesimame: 63-69 cm |
Wool | okuphindwe kabili, ubude, obukhulu, nokuphindisela kwamanzi |
Umbala | mnyama, mnyama futhi mhlophe, grey, nsundu |
I-Undercoat | mnene, uthambile |
Isimilo | ithambile, iqeqeshiwe, imnene |
Sebenzisa | isibaya, inja yamanzi |
Isimilo
Naphezu kokubukeka okwesabekayo nokuxakayo, izinja zaseNewfoundland zibonisa ubungane, isimo sokukhononda, ngeke zikhubekise abantu ngaphandle kwesidingo esiphuthumayo. Iba ngabangane bakho nabangane abathembekile, ungafuni lutho oluvela kumuntu. Izilwane ziyazenzela, azivamile ukulahlekelwa ngumsindo, azithambekele ekuqhumeni kolaka. Izinja zadalelwa izinhloso zokuthula, ukomela impi negazi ezilwaneni akulandeki.
Uhlobo lwezinja lwaseNewfoundland luzolile futhi lilinganiswa. Babizwa ngabavilapha, izilwane ezifuywayo ezinemilenze emine bakhetha ukulala endaweni yabo benyuka. Naphezu kokuzola okubonakalayo, lesi silwane siyohlala sisukuma ukuvikela umndeni. Ukuzalela cishe akunalo uvalo.
Kulokhu, inja ngeke ilinganiselwe ohambweni lokuhamba komphakathi noma umlilo ovuthayo. Ilukuluku liyimpawu yemvelo kanye nokuzinikela. Isilwane esifuywayo siqaphile uma abanikazi beshiya ingane eduzane. Inja inamandla ezinganeni futhi ngeze yazivumela ukuba zikhulu. Uzogibela ingane yakhe ngentokozo, ngoba ufuna ngempela.
Ububi obukhulu bokugcina inja efulethini usayizi. Lesi sici sibangela ukuphazamiseka okuningi.
Abanini bezinja bakhangwa umlingiswa waseNewfoundland, futhi abantu banquma ukuthenga umdlwane. Lokhu kuyinja ehlakaniphile nenobuhle. Izici zomlingiswa zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nenjongo yokuqala yohlobo lokuzalela. Izindawo zaseNewfoundlands azikaze zisetshenziselwe ukuzingela. Abadobi ababa "ngabasunguli" bohlobo lokuzalwa babhekwa njengenja njengomlingani nomsizi.
Ngakho-ke, "ukuzingela" ukufakwa kwenja akubekwa uphawu. Isimo esijwayele izilwane ezincane kummeleli wohlobo lwezilwane sibukeka sihamba phambili. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuthambekela kokuzingela kuyaphaphama, bahlala ekujuleni komphefumlo wazo zonke izinja. INewfoundland iyakwazi ukuxosha ikati, esinye isilwane esincane. Isilo asisengozini - inyamazane ebanjiwe izokhanywa inyibilikiswe.
Ukuphikisana kumeleli wohlobo lokuzivikela akukhona ezilwaneni nakubantu. Imisebenzi yokuqapha ezokuphepha ayisebenzi kakhulu, uma kungekho sizathu. INewf iyabathanda abantu, ayikhombisi izinsolo kubantu ongabazi. Esimweni esiyingozi, lapho usongo lilenga kumnikazi noma kwilungu lomndeni, inja ihlangana ngaso leso sikhathi.
Akusizi ngalutho ukulindela ukuthi iNewfoundland ilume umuntu. Amasu wokuvikela asetshenziswa yinja - iba phakathi kosokayo nomniniyo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, inja izoshaya isitha phansi. Newfs ngeke ikhiphe umyalo "fas". Isinqumo salokhu kuhlasela senziwa ngokuzimela, ukuhlaziya isimo ngokweqiniso.
Kukhona ukungaqondakali kwesimo sohlobo lokuzalela - izinja zihlola isimo bese zinquma ngezenzo. Izindawo zaseNewfoundlands azilungele labo abafuna ukuthola isilwane esithobela kakhulu. Umyalo, ngokubuka inja awunamsebenzi, okusha okusha ngeke kusebenze. Kepha esimweni esibucayi, inja ihlangana ngejubane lombani futhi yenza isinqumo esifanele.
Abantu baseNewfoundlands bayizilwane ezinokuxhumana nabantu ezithanda ukuxhumana. Ngisho nabantu abadala abaphikisani nokudlala noma ukugxuma. Bahlangana kalula nomuntu futhi basheshe banamathele. Ukuhlukaniswa komndeni wezinja kubuhlungu. Siphawula kakhulu ubudlelwane abasha nezingane. Inja ebekezelayo futhi eqinile kunzima ukuyithola. Abamele abazalanayo bakhuthazelela ngokuzithoba ukuxhashazwa okuvela ezinganeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banakekela, balawula isenzo samalungu omndeni amancane. Emanzini, inja ayiyukuvumela ingane ukuthi iqhubeke ngaphezu kokuba ama-paws angakuthola.
Ukuhamba noma ukuguqula indawo yakho yokuhlala akukwesabisi iNewfoundland uma umnikazi eseduze. Bathatha uhambo njenge-adventure emnandi, lapho kulula khona ukuhlangana nabantu abasha nezilwane, ukuzwa okuhlangenwe nakho okusha.
Abamele lo mhlobo uthule ngokwemvelo. Ngisho nakulo mdlalo, abavamisile ukunikeza izwi. Ukukhonkotha okufishane kwenja kuzwakalisa ucingo noma i-alamu. Abantu baseNewfoundlands ngeke bakhonkothise abadlulayo noma izilwane, ngoba lokho kuziphatha, izinja zigodliwe kakhulu futhi akunakwenzeka. Izinsana zithinta. Ukumemeza okunenkani komnikazi kuyavalela ngaphakathi, sonke lesi sikhathi kubonakalisa umnikazi.
Izakhamizi zesiqhingi segama elifanayo kufanele zimbonge ngobuhlakani namandla okwenza izinqumo ezizimele ezihlukanisa izilwane. Ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu babedinga umlingani ogcwele ngokugcwele okwazi ukuletha izimpahla, ukunakekela izingane, nokusiza ukuthola indlela ngesikhathi senkungu enkulu. Izinja kuphela ezazihlangabezana nezidingo ezadlula ukukhethwa kwemvelo. Umphumela wentuthuko waba yizilwane ezihlakaniphile nezilinganiselayo.
INewfoundland - inja yezenhlalo, ithokozela izikhathi lapho ziletha izinzuzo ezibonakalayo. Ngobumnandi, izoshintshana nokuphatha isikhwama somnikazi, ithwale imicibisholo, ibuke izingane.
Ukubukeka: inja elondliwe ngomusa womatilosi
Izinhlobo zezithombe zibonisa izilwane kuyo yonke inkazimulo yayo. Ukubonakala okubonakalayo, ukubukeka okuziqhenyayo, amehlo agcwele isithunzi nobungane kuyabonakala. Ukubonakala kwenja kungabizwa ngokuthi kuhle kakhulu ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukubukeka okungaxhunyiwe kahle akukukhuthazi ukwesaba, noma kubantwana abancane. Inja enkulu ikhombisa ukunyakaza okuhlelekile okuhlelekile. Umzimba waseNewfoundland umbozwe ngoboya obumnyama obumnyama, obuxosha amanzi, kukhula insimbi engaphansi. Incazelo yohlobo lweNewfoundland:
- Ukunaka izici zohlobo lokuzalela, into yokuqala ebamba iso lakho isisindo. Kwabesilisa abadala, ifinyelela kuma-68 kg.
- Ukuphakama kokubuna ngamasentimitha angama-66-711. Izinja ezinde zibukeka zinolaka, empeleni izilwane zinobukhulu obukhulu.
- Isibalo sisondele. Ikhala likhulu. Amehlo asebekwe banzi.
- Ijazi lide, libheke phansi. Izinwele zinde, ukuvama okuncane kuvunyelwe.
- Isigaxa sinamandla, izicubu ziyathuthukiswa. Amabhande ngaphambili anamandla.
- Amaphayi awekho mude, ambozwe ngokuphelele ngoboya.
- Umbala: omnyama, omnyama nomhlophe, onsundu.
- Isikhathi sokuphila yiminyaka engu-8-10.
Uma sikhuluma ngengaphandle ngokuningiliziwe, kufanele sibheke ingxenye ngayinye yomzimba wenja ngokwahlukana:
- Ikhanda likhulu, ngenxa yesigaxa esibanzi esine-protiper protuberance ebizwayo. I-muzzle iyisikwele ngesimo, imfishane, imbozwe ngezinwele ezimfushane nezithambile. Isikhumba asenzi amafula, amakhona omlomo wesilwane ahlukile. Ikhala likhulu, ligcwele mnyama noma linsundu.
- Amehlo ahlelwe ngokujulile, ahlukene phakathi, mancane ngosayizi. Abantu abanamehlo ansundu bavame kakhulu.
- Izindlebe ezingunxantathu zibonakala zincinci uma liqhathaniswa nekhanda. Uma indlebe yenja endala idonswa phambili, ichopho lizofinyelela ekhoneni elingaphakathi lemehlo.
- Imihlathi iqinile futhi iqinile ngokuluma okuqondile.
- INewfoundland ngohlobo lwenja umzimba wayo uqukethe ithambo elinamandla. Uma ubhekisisa, kulula ukubona ukuthi ingemuva lesilwane libanzi, umugqa ongezansi wesisu nesifuba uqonde.
- Amadzala makhulu, alingana emzimbeni. Esilwaneni esithuthukisiwe, izitho, iqonde, inemisipha emihle.
- Umsila - ingxenye efanele yomzimba, ngesikhathi sokubhukuda ithatha indawo yesondo lokuqondisa kwenja. Ububanzi ezansi futhi buqinile. Uma inja izolile, umsila wehla. Lapho uhamba noma ukukhipha imizwa - kuphakama, kusonteka kancane ekugcineni.
Baphendukela ezimfanelweni, abangahle bazaluse izinja besaba ubukhulu obunjalo besilwane. Ukunakekelwa kahle kweNewfoundland akusho ukuthi kuyinkimbinkimbi, ungesabi. Isilo ngobukhulu obukhulu sibonisa inhliziyo edinga uthando. Uthembekile futhi awunabugovu, uzoba umngane omkhulu kumalungu omndeni.
Izinja zaseNewfoundland ziyabiza, ikakhulukazi nge-chic pedigree. Isici siyakwazi ukudida. Kukhona kusuka emithini yokuzalwa emithathu kuya kwemihlanu eRussia, lapho izothola khona isilwane esihle ngenani elifanele.
Lapho inja ibhukuda, isebenzisa umsila njengesigelekeqe. Ingxenye yomzimba ihlukaniswa ngamandla, ikhombisa isizinda esibanzi. Ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, inja ibamba umsila wayo phezulu, kodwa ingayiphonsa emhlane wayo, ayincindi phakathi kwezidladla zayo.
I-diver iyinja enhle, umngani ozinikele, umlingani oqondayo nothembekile ongasabi ukuphathisa ingane encane. Udinga ukukhuliswa. Ngumnikazi kuphela okwazi ukugcina izimfanelo ezinhle zohlobo lokuzala noma alahlekelwe uma engakulungele ukuchitha isikhathi esanele esilwaneni.
Izithombe nentengo yemidlwane
Imidlwane yohlobo lokuzalela (Newfoundland) inebanga elikhulu lentengo. Amanani aqala kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-35. Kepha kaningi ziyehluka phakathi kwama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-60-80.
Ukunakekelwa kwaseNewfoundland
Ukunakekelwa kwenja kulindeleke ukuthi kube okuphelele futhi okuphelele. Qaphela izici eziphambili:
- Ijazi elihle elide lidinga ukulungiswa njalo. Izithonjana ezingaphansi komhlaba eziqinile. Ukuvimbela lo mkhuba, uzodinga ukuhlanganisa inja amahlandla amane ngesonto ngebhulashi elukhuni.
- Kabili ngonyaka, uboya beNewf buthela kakhulu.
- Awudingi ukugeza isilwane sakho nsuku zonke nge-shampoo, lokhu kuzosithinta kabi isimo sesikhumba. Uboya bakhombisa ukuthambisa amanzi okungaphendukiyo.
- Ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa i-shampoo eyomile lapho idingeka ngempela.
- Kuvunyelwe ukusika izinwele kungabikho kanye ngonyaka. I-haircut ithembeka kangcono uchwepheshe.
- Amacala kufanele asikwe, naphezu kobunzima obekulindelekile. Umniniyo wenza umsebenzi, afinyelele ukuphumula okuphelele kwesilwane.
- Amehlo nezindlebe zesilwane kunconywa ukuthi zihlolwe njalo ukuvikela izifo.
- Ukugoma kwenja kuyadingeka. Kwesinye isikhathi abantu bathanda ukushayela “amawundlu” ekuzingeleni; akunconyelwa ngokwezigaba ukuhamba nenja ebingakaze igonywe ngaphambili.
- Abamele lo mfuzo bavame ukukhuluphala, ukusebenza ngokomzimba okujwayelekile kuyaboniswa.
Izinja zabantu abadala ziba ngamavila futhi zithanda imidlalo emifushane nokuhamba ngezinyawo. Newfies bathanda ukubhukuda, ehlobo bayakujabulela ukugqekeza echibini, emfuleni, olwandle noma echibini.
Inja kufanele ikhuliswe kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuhlala kwayo endaweni entsha. Isimo esivumayo futhi esiqondayo ngeke sishiye noma ngubani ukunganakwa!
INewfoundlands, ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zomlingiswa, ayilungele wonke umuntu othanda izinja. Izinja zidinga ukunakwa nokunakekelwa ngokweqile, yingakho zingeke zikubekezelele isimo esibandayo noma imihlangano engavamile nabanikazi. I-Newfes izizwa imnandi endlini nasefulethini. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuchitha impilo yezindiza, inja ngeke ikwazi ukwambula ngokuphelele kumnikazi wayo. Abamele lo mfuzo bahlala bedinga ukuxhumana nabantu.
Ezempilo
Izindawo zaseNewfoundlands ziyizinja eziphilile. Izinja zibonakaliswa yizifo: ukuqhakaza, i-dysplasia ye-hip, i-aortic stenosis. I-Cataract, entropion ne-ectropion (inversion and eversion of eyelid) zitholakala ezinjeni.
Izindawo zaseNewfoundlands zizwela izidakamizwa. Kuyaqabukela, lohlobo luveza izifo: i-ectopia ye-ureters kanye nesici septal septal.
Inja inozwela futhi inobungane, izogcina inkampani nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ungakhuluma nomuntu omusha onjengomngane wakudala - inja ilalela ngokucophelela umniniyo futhi ibuye ifike ekushintsheni kwezwi lephimbo. Ukuqapha okuvela eNewfoundland akukuhle kakhulu, kepha usayizi ohlaba umxhwele ekuqaleni uyesabeka futhi ubungozi obungaziwa busondele.
Okufanele ukondle
Ukudla kwezilwane kugcwele inqwaba yamavithamini namaminerali. Isixazululo sibonga kakhulu ngokudla okomile okhethekile okuvela esitolo sezilwane. Ukondla isilwane sakho kuphela ngengxube akukufanele, ukugwema ukuqunjelwa. INewfoundland iyayithanda inyama eluhlaza, kepha izibungu zezinambuzane zitholakala enyameni ebomvu.
Akunconywa ukunikeza izilwane ngokweqile kwengulube nenkukhu. Ukudla okunjalo kuzolimaza kakhulu kunokuhle. Ngamazambane nelayisi, ukudla kudinga ukusikwa. Ukudla kwenja kubhekwa njengokufanele, lapho noma yiphi iphalishi, ukudla okomile okuncane nezingcezu zenhliziyo yenkomo noma isibindi kukhona.
Ukuziqeqesha
Noma yisiphi isilwane sidinga imfundo. INewfoundland inobuhlakani obuphakeme, ukuqeqesha isilwane kuyintokozo. Inja yenza kalula imiyalo ejwayelekile ngisho neyinkimbinkimbi, mane nje ungagijimisi.
Izilwane zidinga ukuxhumana njalo nabantu ababazungezile, ikakhulukazi nalabo abahlala endaweni eyodwa. Ngeke kube nzima ukuthi umniniyo afundise inja yakhe imiyalo elula kepha ebaluleke kakhulu. Kuze kube ukuguga, izinja zigcina amandla okujabulela imidlalo nokuzithokozisa.
Ukuqeqeshwa eNewfoundland kuzoba wukhiye wokulalela nokuthobeka. Inja enkulu ikhombisa isimo sokuhlala, ngeke kudingeke ukuthi uzisole ngokutholwa.
INewfoundland izoba ngumngane wawo wonke amalungu omndeni. Kungcono ukugcina inja endlini yangasese, lapho kungenzeka ukuhamba nokuqeqesha ngokukhululeka. Izilwane zikhombisa imisipha enkulu edinga ukuthuthukiswa. Ukugijima okunekhono nsuku zonke nokuzivocavoca okulula kuzokuvumela ukuba ukhule inja enamandla, eqondisiwe.
Fundisa isiyalo sakho sasekhaya. Ekuseni kuqala ngokuhamba ngezinyawo. Bese kuthi isidlo sasemini bese sihamba futhi. Ukudla kwakusihlwa nokuhamba ngezinyawo futhi. Ukuhamba kancane kabili ngosuku kwanele ukuba iNewfoundland ikhulule. Ukugijimisa kuthatha isigamu sehora. Abamele lo mfuzo bahlangana kahle nezilwane, kuvunyelwe ukubhekana nezilwane ezifuywayo ezindaweni zokuqeqesha kanye nezihlobo.
Ukuzalela kuyathandwa, ngokwesidingo, kuyaqhubeka kusakazeka emhlabeni wonke. Ukuqeqeshwa kwezinja kwenzeka kahle nangokuzimisela. Uma umnikazi we-newfoundland engenasipiliyoni ngokuqeqeshwa, faka lowo msebenzi kochwepheshe. Ngenxa yosayizi omkhulu wenja, ukukhuliswa okufanele kuyadingeka ukuze kamuva kungabi ngumashiqela ongalawuleki wendlu yomnikazi.
Incazelo nezici zeNewfoundland
Ukuzalela eNewfoundland owesabekayo ekuqaleni kokuqala. Kodwa-ke, lapho usuhlolisisa, kuvela ukuthi le yinja enhle kunazo zonke.Bazolile kakhulu futhi bavumelana nezimo, abangane abakhulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye lokhu kuzalanisa kuyazenzela.
Inja entsha
INewfoundland iyinhlobo yezinja enomlingiswa ozolile. Inja ayizalwa ngonya nokushintshana kwemizwelo. Ngokuvamile, isilwane esinjalo singabizwa ngokuthi i-bummer yasekhaya. Ukulala i-rug bese welula ngobuvila kungenye yemisebenzi ayithandayo. Noma kunjalo, ukuzola kungakhohlisa uma abanikazi newfoundland engozini.
Inja ingashiywa nezingane ngokuphephile. Bazothola ngokushesha ulimi olujwayelekile. Ngale ndlela, inja izogibela ingane yakho izitholele yona ngokwayo futhi akunakuvuma ukuthi ibuze eduze kwengane. Mayelana neNewfoundland, singasho ukuthi ubukeka emangalisa, kepha unomusa omkhulu ngaphakathi.
Ngokuqondene nezimpawu zangaphandle, kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi inja yaseNewfoundland inesisindo esiningi. Amakhilogremu angama-70 akufanele okwesabise abanikazi. Lokhu kujwayelekile inja enjalo. By the way, naphezu kokukhwabanisa okukhohlisayo, inja iyakhula futhi ibambe.
Isinambuzane esisha
Lapho, ubona kahle ukuthi ukuphakama kwakhe kuvame cishe ngamasentimitha angama-70. Isizalo senja siyaphakama. Unamehlo anomusa abekwe banzi. Ijazi lalokhu kuzalaniswa lide. Ngokuqondene nokwakheka kwemizimba, okwandulelwa ngaphambili. Abantu ababodwa banamathambo anamandla kakhulu, hhayi ababuthakathaka futhi bomzimba. Kodwa-ke, ama-paws aseNewfoundland awapheli.
Intengo yaseNewfoundland
Newfoundland Puppies, njengamawundlu ezinye izinhlobo ezaziwayo, angahluka ngenani lazo. Ngaphambi kokukhetha eyodwa, kufanelekile ukubuka isithombe senja yaseNewfoundland. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe, uma kuphela ngoba. Ukuthi ngale ndlela kuzoba lula ukuthola umbala wesilwane esizayo.
Kunezinketho eziningi - kusuka kusihlabathi esikhanyayo kuya koshokoledi noma omnyama. Ngakho-ke, qaphela lapho ukhetha. Qiniseka ukuthi ucela amadokhumenti afakazela ukuthi umdlwane uhlanzekile.
Futhi, ngesikhathi sokuthenga, hlola ukuthi iyiphi imigomo esele inikezwe. Inketho enhle kakhulu uma ingane isivele inepasipoti. I-Newfoundland kennel iyindawo enhle yokukhetha isilwane. Ngokuqondene Amanani eNewfoundland, lapho-ke kufanele usebenzise imali enhle lapha.
Vele, ungathola imveku ngisho nesenti, kepha ngeke kube nesiqiniseko sokuthi lowo muntu uzokhishwa inyumbazane. Futhi lokhu kungathinta eminye imvelo yenja. Ngokwesilinganiso, ungathenga i-puppy yaseNewfoundland kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-17,000 kuya ku-100,000. Kodwa-ke, ngikholwe, umngane onjalo ufanele imali.
Izici Zokuzala Nesimilo
ICanada ithathwa njengezwe lemvelaphi yezinja, negama lesibili lohlobo Newfoundland - diver. Isilwane asithandi nje kuphela lesi sakhi, kodwa sinesakhiwo esithile sama-paws awo - ulwelwesi phakathi kweminwe. Ngiyabonga kubo, isilwane esinemilenze emine singokubhukuda okuhle kakhulu.
Ngasikhathi sinye, amadlozi wohlobo lwanamuhla ayengebona abazingeli. Kulokhu, iNewfoundland iyancishwa imvelo ehambelana nayo, futhi amakati nezinyoni kubhekwa njengabalingani kulo mdlalo. Le nja akuyona umhlaseli nhlobo. Akavamile ukuthukuthela futhi cishe njalo uthemba abantu angabazi.
Kodwa-ke, okungenhla akusho ukuthi inja ayikwazi ukuvikela izindlu noma ukuvikela umniniyo. Lezi zilwane zizwela kakhulu futhi ziyakwazi ukubamba usongo zisuka kude, ngenkathi zinombono wazo, ezingahambisani njalo nombono womnikazi.
Ukuqeqeshwa kungaba ngumsebenzi onenkinga kakhulu. Kepha inja ibona insiza njengencazelo yempilo. Uthembeke kakhulu futhi uzimisele ukusiza njalo uma izimo zidinga njalo. Inja izokwazisa ngezivakashi, ithande izingane.
Uma sikhuluma ngenganyana, khona-ke iyokujabulela ukungcola nezingane. Inja endala izazibheka njengenganono, engakulungele ukuqhaqhazela nokuxhuga. Intsha izokwazi ukuthola ukuthandwa uma ikhulumisana nabantu abasha ngenhlonipho.
IBlack Newfoundland yokuhamba ngezinyawo
Futhi ngokuvamile lesi silwane singokwalezo zinhlobo eziqonda izicelo kunokuba zisho ngokucacile kakhulu. Indlela yesiswebhu ayifanele ngokuphelele kubo. Inja iyacasulwa ngokuba yisihluku futhi ihambe, ikhombisa imizwa ecasukile.
Okujwayelekile
Newfoundland esithombeni kubukeka njengebhere enkulu emnyama. Kubukeka kukhulu futhi kunamandla. Ngokwazana nenja okuningiliziwe, ungaqiniseka ukuthi empilweni uyindoda enhle ephelele, efana nethoyizi elinamapulangwe nokuba nomlingiswa othambile.
Umngane onemilenze emine unekhanda elikhulu, ugebhezi olubanzi olunendunduma evuthiwe ngemuva kwekhanda. Ukushintshwa kusuka ebunzini kuya esihlokweni kuyabonakala, kepha akubukhali. Ikhala limbozwe kahle, amathumbu makhulu. Ngokuya ngombala, umbala we-lobe uyahlukahluka futhi ungaba mnyama noma ube nsundu.
Isibonakaliso sifana nesikwele. Inja inesikhafu noma ukuluma okuqondile, futhi ibheka umhlaba ngamehlo amancane, ajulile futhi ahlukaniswe kakhulu ansundu noma amnyama ukukhanya.
Iminyaka engu-3 yaseNewfoundland
Intamo inemisipha, ibambelela ngokuqinile emahlombe, yinde ngokwanele ukuba nenhle, ingena emzimbeni omkhulu esifubeni esiqinile. Umhlane ubanzi, kanti ingemuva eliphansi liqinile futhi linemisipha ngokweqile. Amawashi aqondile futhi ayafana, noma uhamba, emaphethelweni aqoqwe esigaxeni ngeminwe enamandla.
Phakathi kweminwe, ulwelwesi oluthuthukisiwe luyabonakala, izihlakala zimnyama noma zi-horny. Umsila usebenza njengesondo lenja uma ibhukuda, ngakho-ke iqinile futhi ibanzi ezansi. Esimweni esizolile siyokwehliswa futhi sigobe kancane kwesithathu sokugcina. Esimweni senjabulo, waphakama phezulu, wagoba.
Uboya balolu hlobo lunezinto ezingaphenduli amanzi. Izinwele zinde, ziqondile futhi kwesinye isikhathi ziyahwamuka. Isikebhe esingaphansi sithambile futhi simanzi lapho sithintwa. Izinketho zombala - omnyama, omnyama nomhlophe noma onsundu.
Okumnyama kuthathwa njengokwendabuko, noma okungenakuphikwa, kugcwele kakhulu. Izindawo ezimhlophe zingenzeka esifubeni nasemilenzeni, kanye nesihloko somsila. Ngokukhula komzimba kufinyelela kuma-71 cm, abesilisa banesisindo esingama-68 kg. Ukuphakama lapho kubuna izinsikazi zifinyelela ku-66 cm, futhi isisindo singama-54 kg.
Ukwehluleka ukwenza iphutha kufaka phakathi ukufutheka okubi, izinkinga zokulimala, ijazi elibushelelezi, amamaki wanoma yimuphi umbala ngaphandle kokumhlophe, nezinye izinhlobo zombala ngaphandle kwalezi ezintathu ezisohlwini.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa
Ngaphambi kokuqala le nja, kufanele uzijwayeze ukuthi iyini Ukuzalela eNewfoundland nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani. Kubalulekile ukucubungula ubukhulu benja. Abantu abakhulu bazibekezelela kalula izimo zedolobha, impilo endlini yangasese. Ngokufanelekile, uma phambi kwendlu kunensimu yangasese, isakhiwo sengadi. Izimo zasemadolobheni kungaba isivivinyo esinzima senja.
Kodwa-ke, uma inja ingeneme kakhulu futhi inesimo esijabulisayo, lapho-ke ifulethi limlungele futhi. Kulokhu, uma insimu ivumela, kungcono ukugqamisa ekhoneni inja ehlukile, njenge-loggia noma igumbi elincane. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, inja izokujabulela udoti, ozoba sendaweni ethile.
Isilwane sinejazi elide futhi eliwugqinsi, esidinga ukuhlanganiswa nsuku zonke. Ngezikhathi ezithile udinga ukusika ijazi loboya bezungeza uzungu, ukuvimbela ukungqubuzana kwezinwele nokwakhiwa kwezithonjana.
Izinhlobo ezintsha zohlobo lweNewfoundland
INewf ibhekisele ohlotsheni oluwohloka kaninginingi ngonyaka. Ngalezi zikhathi, kubalulekile ukubhekisisa kakhulu kunokujwayelekile ukuqapha isikhumba, ukusisula ngesicubu esimanzi. Inja ayidingi izinqubo zamanzi ezizimele - vele uyigeze njalo ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa usebenzisa ama-shampoos akhethekile namafutha. Enye indlela yezindlela zendabuko ingaba yi-shampoo eyomile. Izokwenza umonakalo omncane ezinweleni, nezinwele ziba amanzi futhi zikwazi ukubuyisa ukungcola.
Umsoco
INewfoundland - inja, engenawo umkhuba wokungezwani komzimba ngenxa yalokho, ingakudla ukudla kwemvelo nokondlayo okwenziwe efektri. Konke kuncike ekuthandweni kwesilwane, nakumniniyo. Inketho enhle ukuhlangana kwezifiso.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kukhulunywa ngemikhiqizo yefektri, kufanelekile ukukhumbula: okuphakelayo okushibhile kuzokonakalisa impilo yenja. Kunconyelwe okuphakelayo kwe-premium Ziqukethe izakhi ezingeziwe zama-micro and macro, amavithamini.
INewfoundland emnyama nomhlophe
Ukondliwa kwemvelo kuzodinga ukuhambisana nohlobo, inani, izithasiselo ezingeziwe zama-vithamini, ukucubungula ukudla okuluhlaza, ukupheka okusanhlamvu, okuhlukahlukene, ibhalansi. Inani lamaprotheni kufanele libe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zokudla okuphelele.
Lokhu kufaka izinhlobo ezinamafutha aphansi ewundlu, inyama yenkomo, inkukhu nenkukhu, isaladi, imifino, kwesinye isikhathi amaqanda nenhlanzi yasolwandle, uwoyela wemifino nezinhlamvu ezinjenge-buckwheat nelayisi. Newfoundland Puppies ukondla kuze kube kasithupha ngosuku, abadala - kabili ngosuku. Kunoma ikuphi ubudala, kubalulekile ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kwamanzi okuphuza njalo.
Izifo ezingaba khona
INewfoundland inezimpawu ezimbili zokugula okuphathelene nohlobo lwayo lokuzalwa: i-dysplasia ye-hip kanye nezinkinga zenhliziyo. Njengomthetho, isifo senhliziyo ezinjeni siyazalwa. I-Dysplasia ingathinta abahlanganyele bobabili futhi bobabili, babe nefomu elithambile noma i-dislocation ephelele yekhanda lowesifazane. Lesi sifo sidinga ukungenelela kukadokotela wezilwane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-panositis, ukuvuvukala kwamathambo eshubhu, kuthiwa yisifo esihlangene. Imvamisa kuthinta abantu abasha kuze kube unyaka. Ngokungemthetho, ukugula kubhekiselwa kukho njengokunqunyelwa kwezikhathi ezithile, okudlula isikhathi kukodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifo zamehlo azijwayelekile, imvamisa kuwukuguqula izinkophe, ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
Kulimaza i-cornea, okwenza iso lishiswe. Kulokhu, ukuhlinzwa kubalulekile. Esinye isifo se-ophthalmic - prolapse yekhulu lesithathu - izicubu ezibomvu zikhula ekhoneni elingaphakathi lamehlo.
Ngokuvamile kuthinta imidlwane. Kulokhu, udinga ukususa ngokuphelele indlala ye-lacrimal. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa newfoundlandokungelesigaba sombukiso ngeke kusavunyelwa imibukiso.
Imvamisa lokhu kuzalanisa okukhulu kuqhuma ukuqhakaza. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ukudla, ukunganaki imidumba nanoma yikuphi ukudla okungadala ukubila kufanelekile. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungayidli inja ngokweqile. Ukuqhakaza kungumngane wokuhlanjululwa kwamathumbu, isifo esibulalayo. Ukugwema ukugula, ngemuva kokudla inja akufanele kuxoshwe, kungcono ukuyinika ukuphumula.
Noma yikuphi ukuthenga kuzodinga umbuzo: kungani kwenziwa. Izilwane azifani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinja ezivinjelwe ngokuphelele, ukutholwa kwazo okuluhlobo lokutshalwa kwemali, utshalomali. Ikakhulu uma inja ihloselwe ukukhiqizwa okwengeziwe kohlobo.
I-Newfoundland Puppy
Intengo yaseNewfoundland, okuzophathwa ngumnikazi wesikhathi esizayo, kuzoba ngaphezu kwezindleko zesilwane esifuywayo. Futhi uma abanikazi bezoshayela inja ngemicimbi yokubukisa, intengo izokhula ngomyalo wobukhulu. Kunezigaba ezintathu zezinja, ngokuya ngezinhloso ezitholakele:
Inketho yokuqala - izinja zomphefumlo, eyesibili - yokuzalanisa, eyesithathu - abakhethiweyo bezithelo, ezinamakhono acishe abe super. Lezi zilwane zinezakhi zofuzo ezinhle kakhulu, kuvela kuzo ukuthi kwakhiwa umgogodla wabanqobi bezwe, i-Europe, futhi umhlaba wakheka.
Enye indlela yokuthenga ubulili. Isibonelo, ngokuzalanisa inzuzo enkulu ukuthola i-bitch. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umgibeli wesilisa uthola umvuzo wokuthola umphumela ophumelelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezimpawu zabo, abesilisa bakhulu futhi banesibindi, kunzima kakhulu ukuphatha, kunamathele endlini.
- izimakethe zezinyoni
- Abahwebi abekho emthethweni,
- Izindawo ze-Intanethi
- abafuyi bezinkampani abasebenza ngokusemthethweni,
- izithombo zezingane.
Kunezindawo lapho ungathenga khona iNewfoundland eshibhile noma ebiza kakhulu, enamadokhumenti noma ngaphandle kokugoma noma yokugoma. Ukukhetha kungokuya kumnikazi kuphela.
Ngasikhathi sinye, kumele akhumbule ukuthi izinketho ezingabizi ngaphandle kwamadokhumenti zingaphenduka "ingulube epanini", zibe nezifo eziningi ezingabonakali ekuqaleni kokuqala, kanti imidlwane izovela inhlanganisela esezingeni elifanele, noma ibuye ibe "ngumhlonishwa".
Kuhle uma ukhetho luwela enkulisa yaseNewfoundland. Kuyo, izindleko zenja zizobe ziphakeme kunakwezinye izimo, kepha umnikazi angaqiniseka ukuthi uzitholile okwangempela, ezinomfuduko, imigomo edingekayo neminye imibhalo.
Kunemininingwane engqubuzanayo ngentengo yalezi zinja kuwebhu yomhlaba wonke. Izindleko ezimaphakathi zenja nge-pedigree zizoba cishe ngama-dollar ayi-600. Amathiphu wokukhetha umdlwane waseNewfoundland:
- hlola umzimba ukuze ulingane, njengoba imvejana ikhophi elincane lomuntu omusha,
- nquma ikhwalithi yejazi - kufanele ibe nsundu futhi icwebezele,
- hlola ukuluma
- ungathengi umuntu onolaka,
- khetha inja eneminyaka eyi-8 kuye kwayi-10 ubudala.
Umsuka waseNewfoundland
Umlando wokuqhamuka kweNewfoundlands kuze kube namuhla awunakufakwa nakanjani. Kunama-hypotheses amaningana, ngalinye lawo linamandla nobuthakathaka, futhi amanye awo abonakala emangalisa kakhulu, ehlangana nezinganekwane.
Ngakho-ke, ngokolunye uhlobo, kukholelwa ukuthi amadlozi aseduze waseNewfoundlands ongaqondakaliyo yizinja ezinkulu zohlobo lwebhere lendoda eyaziwa ngokuba yiViking Leif Erikson, abalandeli bayo besiko laseScandinavia ababheka njengomtholi waseNyakatho Melika. Kepha izinja zika-Erickson zazinezinwele ezimhlophe, kanti iNewfoundland's imnyama ngokwebala. Futhi leli iphuzu elibuthakathaka kakhulu lenguqulo.
Okunye ukwahluka kwemvelaphi okunikelwe abacwaningi kumane kuphindaphindwa ngokuhlukahluka kwazo zonke izinhlobo zeziphambano. Ngakho-ke iCanada yaseBuhleni yaseBuhleni inikela ngalezi zinketho ezilandelayo: impisi emnyama yasendle (manje eseyinyama engasekho) kanye ne-mastiff yase-Asia, inja enkulu yamaViking nenkisi yasenyakatho yasendle, ingxube ephelele yezinja zazo zonke izinhlobo ezalethwa abaseYurophu ngekhulu le-XV-XVII, ukusuka kumastiffs kuya ezinjeni zamanzi zasePortugal. .
AmaMelika abeka phambili uhlobo lwawo futhi agcine lo mbala waseNewfoundland ovela ezinjeni ezinkulu zasePyrenean, okuthiwa ulethwe esiqhingini saseNewfoundland ("Newfoundland" - "umhlaba osanda kutholwa") ngabathumbi baseSpain noma baseFrance.
Umcwaningi waseSoviet, isazi sebhayoloji nesazi semvelo u-Igor Akimushkin uhlongoze ezinye izindlela, wasusa iNewfoundlands eqenjini lezinja le "Viking izinja" futhi wavumela ukuhlangana kwabo nezinja zaseMolossian nezinja ezimnyama zaseScotland, ezafika kulesi siqhingi nabaseBrithani ngekhulu le-17.
Ngakho-ke, njengoba ubona, ziningi izinketho. Futhi iphuzu elivela kwimvelaphi yezinja ezinkulu ezimnyama zesiqhingi saseNewfoundland cishe lizofaka kuphela ukucwaninga kwe-DNA.
Noma ngabe kunjani, izinja ezinkulu eziqinile nezinesibindi, ngaphandle kakhulu kwaseNewfoundlands yanamuhla, ngesikhathi sokuqashelwa ngokusemthethweni zisetshenziswe izakhamizi zasendaweni amakhulu eminyaka, zaba uhlobo lwendabuko oluyinhloko lwalesi sifundazwe. Imisebenzi eyinhloko yohlobo lwendabuko bekuwukusiza abadobi bendawo emsebenzini wabo onzima wokubamba ukubanjiswa kwe-cod kula manzi. Inja yabhukuda futhi yantshontshwa ngokuphelele, yayingasabi izivunguvungu noma ukubanda, yayinamandla futhi iqine, isiza ukukhipha amanetha alahlekile futhi izinto ezaziphonswe emanzini, futhi zazivame ukusindisa abadobi ngokwazo emanzini.
AbaseYurophu bokuqala ukwazisa izimfanelo zokusebenza kwalezi zinja ezinkulu kwakungamabritish. Baqala ukukhetha okucabangayo kohlobo esizayo. Ekuqaleni, izinja zomdabu zemibala ehlukahlukene zazibamba iqhaza kule misebenzi, kodwa ekugcineni, abafuyi babethembela ekufaneni kombala, bekhetha imibala emnyama nensundu (engandile).
Ngo-1886, kwaqalwa inqubo yokuqala yohlobo olusha, futhi iklabhu yokuqala yamaNgisi yabalandeli bezinja eNewfoundland yasungulwa eLondon. Igama lohlobo lokuzalwa lazalwa ezweni lakubo lomlando - isiqhingi saseNewfoundland (Newfoundland).
Kancane kancane, lo mfuzo waqala ukuqashelwa kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke eSwitzerland. Umsunguli wekilabhu yokuqala yaseYurophu wayenguprofesa wase-Switzerland wase-Switzerland u-Albert Harm. Kwaba kuye ukuthi lo mhlobo ukweleta ukuvela kwezinja zaseNewfoundland ezinombala onsundu.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, izinja ezinkulu ezimnyama, esezinesimo senhlobo entsha, zibuyele ezwekazini laseNyakatho Melika, zinqoba ngokushesha izinhliziyo zabantu baseCanada nabaseMelika.
Newfoundland Inja Endaweni
Kwesinye isikhathi izinja zaseNewfoundland zibizwa ngokuthi ezehlukene (yize uhlobo lokuhlobisa luhluke ngokuphelele olubizwa nge- “Moscow diver”). Futhi lokhu kungaphezu kokulungile, bobabili maqondana nokwedlule kwabo nokwamanje. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, lezi zinja zokubhukuda ezidonsayo nezihamba phambili zisetshenziswe ngabadobi ngokuzikhandla olwandle. Izinja kwakudingeka zishone ziye phansi ekujuleni ukuze zisindise amanetha abalahlekile (futhi kwesinye isikhathi amatilosi awela olwandle), ukuthola izinto ezahlukahlukene oLwandle Olubandayo lwaseNyakatho. Basize ukudonsela izikebhe ogwini, baqapha ukubamba namagiya. Lezi zingane zomuntu zisebenze ngokuzikhandla nasemhlabeni - zihudula izingodo, imishayo, amabhodi nezinye izinto zokwakha ngokuhudula.
Vele, kulezi zinsuku eziningi zalawa makhono ziye zaba ezingadingekile. Kepha izinja zaseNewfoundland zisabizwa ngokuthi zihlukahlukene, futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa kuleso samba njengezinja zokutakasa emanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudonsela umuntu emanzini, abamele abazalanayo banendlela yabo yokusindisa, kanye nokuhudula umuntu ominza olwandle. Inja isebenzisa amanzana ayo ngokucophelela, futhi umuntu obilayo ugxila ikakhulukazi emhlane wakhe, ebuka ngokucophelela ukuthi ikhanda lomuntu alihambi ngaphansi kwamanzi. Kunezimo lapho lezi zinja ezinkulu zihamba ngomkhumbi ziye kumakhilomitha angama-20, zisindisa abantu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinja-ezahlukahlukene manje sezisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo nezinja zokutakula ukuthola izivakashi ezilahlekile nabagibeli ezintabeni ezinamaqhwa, kanye nasezinhlelweni zokuvuselelwa kweziguli zengqondo, abakhubazekile kanye nabantu asebekhulile.
Okujwayelekile kwangaphandle kanye nencazelo yohlobo lweNewfoundland
INewfoundland iyinja enkulu enenhloko enkulu, imizimba enkulu yemisipha nezinwele ezimnyama noma ezimnyama. Inja enjalo ihlukaniswa ngobukhulu bayo bokuzilibazisa nokuzola, ukuziphatha okulinganiselayo, kwesinye isikhathi ngokubukeka kufana nebhere elondlekile kahle, hhayi inja. Mhlawumbe ubiza futhi inhlangano enjalo ye-bearish ngenxa yobucwayi bokubukeka kwakhe be-bearish, enelukuluku, kodwa "ngo-sloth."
Uhlobo olusha lweNewfoundland luhlobo olukhulu, olufinyelela ekuphakameni kokubuna okungaba ngamasentimitha angama-71, nesisindo somzimba esifinyelela cishe kuma-70 kg. Izinsikazi zincanyana kancane, ukukhula kwazo kufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-66 futhi isisindo sazo sifinyelela kuma-55 kg.
- Ikhanda enkulu, enesigaxa esikhulu se-convex kanye ne-protuberance eyenziwe kahle eyakhiwe. Isibalo sesikwele, sikhululiwe, sibanzi futhi sifushane. Yekisa ukuphimiswa, kepha hhayi okubukhali. Ngemuva kwakhala kuqondile futhi kubanzi. Ikhala likhulu, lihlukile, linamakhala amakhulu. Umbala wekhala uthembele kumbala. Ezinjeni ezimnyama imnyama, futhi ngombala onsundu - nsundu. Izindebe, eduze nemihlathi, zinamabhule. Umbala we-lip uhambelana nombala. Imihlathi iqinile, isibalo samazinyo sisezingeni. Amazinyo makhulu, amhlophe, anama fangs ashiwo. Ukuluma okuqondile noma kwesikhafu.
Amehlo kunalokho kuncane, okutshalwe kabanzi futhi kujule kakhulu, ngamehlo anamajwabi afanelekile. Umbala wamehlo onsundu noma onsundu ngombala (ezinjeni ezinezinwele ezimnyama).
Izindlebe mncane ngosayizi, unxantathu ngesimo, namathiphu oyindilinga. Ubude bendlebe bufika emaphethelweni angaphakathi esweni legama elifanayo.
Ntamo uqine kakhulu, izicubu zomzimba, eziphakathi kuya ezide ngobude. Intamo ihlinzeka ngesimo esikhethekile sesilo "esihle" esilwaneni. I-scruff yathuthukiswa ngokubonakalayo.
Torso uhlobo lwesikwele, olukhulu, olukhumbuza ibhere, nesifuba esikhulu esibanzi. Ngemuva kweNewfoundland kunamandla kakhulu, kubanzi. Ulayini wangemuva uqondile. I-croup inamandla, i-sloping.
Umsila iqinile futhi ibanzi esisekelweni (inja iyisebenzisa njengesigelekeqe samanzi), i-medium set, i-pubescent kahle noboya. Umsila awusoze wazijikijela emhlane futhi awuqinisi phakathi kwezingalo zesinqe.
Izimbotshana iqonde, parallel, inamathambo athuthukiswe kahle nemisipha. Izinzwane zivaliwe. Kukhona ulwelwesi lwezinto ezihlukanayo. Amaphilisi wePaw aqinile. Amaconsi aqine kakhulu, amnyama ezinjeni zombala omnyama nombala o-grey-slate ezinjeni zombala ohlukile.
Wool inezindawo ezingaphenduli amanzi, iqukethe i-ngqo (kwesinye isikhathi i-wavy encane) nezinwele ezinde zangaphandle ne-undercoat eyindilinga. Ebusika, ingaphansi likhulu kakhulu. Ekhanda, isembozo sithambile futhi sibufushane, emilenzeni kukhona amathawula acebile, umsila umbozwe izinwele ezinde.
Izinga lokufuya laseMelika libuye livumele umbala ompunga wenja, kuze kube manje ongaziwa yisijwayelekile samazwe onke.
Izeluleko Zokunakekela eNewfoundland
Lezi zinja ezinkulu zidinga indawo ebanzi yokusilungiswa, ukuzikhandla okwanele nokuhamba ngezinyawo okugcwele. Kufanele futhi zikwazi (okungenani ngezikhathi ezithile) ukubhukuda nokucwilisa emanzini. Amanzi kubo yinto yabo.
Ngokuqondene nokunakekelwa koboya baseNewfoundland, akukho okusha okusha - ukuhlanganisa okujwayelekile kanye noma kabili ngesonto nokugeza njengoba kunesidingo noma ngaphambi kosuku lombukiso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azikho izinkinga zokubhukuda nhlobo.
Ukudla kwe-nyuf kufanele kube kuningi futhi kukhule ngokwanele i-calorie (ngokuya ngesisindo somzimba wabo), ukwanelisa ngokugcwele izidingo zesilwane zamaminerali namavithamini. Ukubalwa kokudla kumele kubalwe ngokuya ngobulili, iminyaka, izici zomuntu ngamunye kanye nesimo somzimba senja.
Newfoundland Inja Yokuqeqesha Inja
I-Newfoundlands iqeqesheke kakhulu futhi kulula ukuyifunda. Ngenxa yokungabi nobudlova nokukhula kwengqondo kwabo, amaNewfs aqeqeshwa kalula ngisho nabangebona ochwepheshe.
Njengazo zonke izinhlobo ezinkulu zezinja inqubo yokuqeqeshwa, zidinga ukuphindaphinda njalo ukuqinisa amakhono abo. Ikakhulu uthando ukusebenzisa oluhambisana nokuba semanzini.
Amaqiniso ahehayo ngeNewfoundlands
Izindabuko ezivamile zabomdabu baseNewfoundlands kwakuyizinja ezimhlophe namnyama. Kwaku ngumdwebi wezilwane waseNgilandi ongumdwebi wezithombe u-Edwin Henry Landseer, owayedumile ngesikhathi seVictorian, owayekhombisa ngemidwebo yakhe edumile, eqamba igama elilodwa ngokuthi: “Ilungu elihlonishwayo leHumane Society (Newfoundland).” IsiNgisi sisho - "Ilungu elivelele lomphakathi onobuntu (Newfoundland)." Ngenxa yomsebenzi walo mculi, obaluleke kakhulu yiNdlovukazi uVictoria, izinja zaseNewfoundland zithole udumo emhlabeni jikelele. Hhayi, izinja uqobo, zimhlophe futhi zimnyama, zaqala ukubizwa ngegama lomculi - ababambi bomhlaba. Kusukela ngo-1960, izinja ezinombala omhlophe nomnyama bezilokhu zikhethwa njengohlobo oluhlukile, olusabizwa ngeLandsir.
Imvelo enhle, i-charm, ukuzithemba, umusa nokuzinikela kwezinja ezinkulu zenze iNewfoundlands izinja ezithandekayo zezinto eziningi ezidumile emhlabeni jikelele - uRobert Burns, uGeorge Byron, uCharles Dickens, uRichard Wagner, uFenimore Cooper, uCharles Darwin nabanye abaningi. U-Byron waze wanikezela umjikelezo wonke wozinkondlo ku-Newfoundland yakhe ayithandayo, eyayibizwa ngokuthi iBotswain.
Intengo yokuthenga imidlwane yaseNewfoundland
Izinja zokuqala zaseNewfoundland zavela eMbusweni waseRussia ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, kepha azange zithole ukuthandwa okukhulu nokusatshalaliswa kwabantu abaningi. Mhlawumbe kuthonywa ukugqashuka kweMpi Yezwe II, futhi mhlawumbe ezinye izizathu.
Ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, ngesikhathi seSoviet Union ngawo-1950s, akuzange kwenziwe umzamo wokuvuselela uhlobo lwaseNewfoundland kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuluhoxisa lona “uhlobo lwenkohliso” yaseMoscow, uhlobo lwendawo yonke olunezimpawu zokusebenza ezithuthukisiwe. Isikhathi eside, i-Krasnaya Zvezda i-nursery yebutho yabandakanyeka ekukhetheni i- "diver". Kamuva, umbono wokwenza i- “diver” washiywa, kwathi ngokuwa kwe-USSR, abafuyi bezinkampani baphendukela ekushweni kabusha eNewfoundlands. Namuhla kuwuhlobo olusatshalaliswa kahle eRussia olunenethiwekhi ebanzi yezinhlengikazi. Ukuthenga imbuzane ebunjiwe, yanoma yimuphi ubulili nengaphandle akunzima. Intengo ephakathi ikuhlu lwama-ruble angama-35,000-50000.
Bona le vidiyo ukuthola ulwazi olufundisayo eNewfoundlands: