I-Hazel dormouse ihlala kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kepha ivame ukusakazeka ezindaweni eziseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeYurophu. Zitholakala nase-Asia Minor.
I-Hazel Dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius)
Izindawo zokuhlala ze-hazel dormouse.
IHazel dormouse ihlala emahlathini aqothulayo, anobuningi obukhulu bezitshalo ezingama-herbaceous kanye nengaphansi komngcele wewillow, i-hazel, i-linden, i-sihlahla sivame ukutholakala kanye ne-maple. Esikhathini esiningi, i-hazel dormouse ifihla emthunzini wezihlahla. Lolu hlobo luphinde luvele emaphandleni aseBrithani.
Indlu yegumbi likaHazel egatsheni elimnyama
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-hazel dormouse.
I-Hazel dormouse - yindlu encane kunazo zonke e-European dormouse. Ubude ukusuka ekhanda kuye emsileni bufika ku-11.5 - 16.4 cm. Umsila ucishe ube yingxenye yobude bebonke. Isisindo: 15 - 30 gr. Lezi zilwanyana ezincelisayo ezinamehlo amakhulu amnyama zitholakala maphakathi nendawo nama-auricles amancane, ayindilinga. Ikhanda liyindilinga. Isici esiyingqayizivele ngumsila we-fluffy oshibilikayo ngombala omnyama kancane kunasemuva. Uboya buthambile, bukhulu, kepha bufushane. Umbala uyahlukahluka kusuka kumdaka kuya ku-amber ohlangothini dorsal lomzimba. Isisu simhlophe. Umphimbo nesifuba kumhlophe ngo-ayisikhilimu. I-Vibrissa - izinwele ezibucayi, ezitholakala kumaqhubu. Izinwele ngamunye ugobe ekugcineni.
Endlini encane yama-hazel dormouse, umbala woboya awukhanyi, ikakhulukazi ngimpunga. Imilenze kaSonya ivumelana nezimo futhi ilungele ukukhuphuka. Kunamazinyo angamashumi amabili. Amazinyo we-buccal we-hazel dormouse anephethini elihlukile lokulinganisa.
I-Hazel dormouse - isilwane esihle
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-hazel dormouse.
Kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba noma ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, ihid dormouse hibernate, vuka maphakathi nentwasahlobo.
Abesilisa bayizilwane zasendaweni, futhi mhlawumbe banesithembu.
Insikazi izala amawundlu angama-1-7. Izalela izingane izinsuku ezingama-22-25. Ama-broods amabili kungenzeka ngesikhathi sonyaka. Ukondla ngobisi kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-27-30. Amawundlu abonakala enqunu ngokuphelele, eyimpumputhe futhi engasizi ngalutho. Owesifazane uyondla futhi afudumise inzalo yakhe. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, amantshontsho anoboya futhi kwakhiwa i-auricle. Futhi lapho beneminyaka engu-20 kuya ku-20, izingane ezincane ezindlini zamahostela zigibela emagatsheni, zigxume esidlekeni, zilandele onina. Ngemuva kwenyanga nesigamu, i-dormouse encane iyazimela, ngalesi sikhathi ikala kusuka kumagremu ayishumi kuya kwayishumi nantathu. Emvelweni, i-hazel dormouse ihlala iminyaka emi-3-4, ekuthunjweni isikhathi eside - ukusuka eminyakeni emi-4 kuye kweli-6.
Isidleke seHazel.
I-Hazel dormouse ilala usuku lonke esidlekeni esiyindilinga yotshani futhi i-moss enoshukela ngamathe anamathela. Isidleke sinobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-15, isilwane silingana ngokuphelele kuso. Ngokuvamile kutholakala kumamitha ayi-2 ukusuka ebusweni bomhlaba. Izidleke ze Brood zakhiwa ngotshani, amaqabunga kanye nesitshalo fluff. AbakwaSony bavame ukuhlala emigodini nasemigodini yokufakelwa, futhi kuhlalwa ngisho nezindlu zezinyoni. Entwasahlobo, bancintisana indawo yokuhlala nezinyoni ezincane. Bavele bahlele ezabo ngaphezulu kwesidleke noma izithsi. Inyoni ingashiya kuphela isiphephelo esitholakele.
Lezi zilwane zinezinhlobo eziningi zokukhosela: amakamelo wokudlela lapho amakamelo achitha khona ubusika, kanye nezindawo zokuhlala zasehlobo lapho hazel dormouse iphumula khona ngemuva kokudla ebusuku. Phumula phakathi kwemini izidleke ezivulekile, ezimisiwe ezifihla umqhele wezihlahla. Ukwakheka kwawo kwehluka kakhulu: okusaqanda, okwindilinga noma okunye ukwakheka. Izinto zokwakha zingamaqabunga, isitshalo se-fluff kanye namagxolo avuthiwe.
Ikhanda lokulala likaHazel ngesikhathi sokulala
Dormouse yezilwane: Izici zentambo
Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zalawa makhulu - emhlabathini nophahla lwenkuni. I-Terrestrial ifana kakhulu negundane elijwayelekile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi ukhuni lufana ne-squirrel. Futhi labo nabanye basondelana kakhulu nomuntu uma edala izimo zokuhlala ezinhle kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula inhlanzeko ekhejini: uSonya, yize eyisilwane esincane kakhulu, ungcolisa ikhaya labo ngokushesha, futhi lokhu, kuholela nephunga elingathandeki egumbini.
Manje kancane ngokubonakala kwalesi silwane:
- I-Hazel dormouse (igama layo lesibili ngokuthi "ngokhuni") inejazi elibomvu, kepha i-dormouse yomhlaba (ebizwa nangokuthi "ishelufu") impunga ngokuphelele, yingakho beqhathaniswa nama-squirrels kanye namagundane,
- Isidumbu sikaSonya singama-20 cm ubude, izinkomba ezifanayo zibonwa emsileni (ngokulandelana, umsila nomzimba wesilwane kuyafana),
- Isisindo sikaSony cishe singama-gramu ayi-100,
- izindlebe zesilwane ziyindilinga.
USonia uyisilwane sasebusuku, ngakho-ke uzolala kakhulu ngosuku. Izilwane ezinjalo azihlali isikhathi eside - ukusuka eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemihlanu.
Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukubona ukunyakaza kukaSonya kuhlangana namagatsha ezihlahla, ngoba le nduku incane kakhulu futhi iyakwazi ukugxuma ibanga le-10 m.
Izici zokuziphatha kwe-hazel dormouse.
Izilwane zabantu abadala azishiyi izingosi zazo ezizimele. Ekwindla yokuqala, abantu abasha bayathutha, behamba ibanga elingamakhilomitha ayi-1, kepha ngokuvamile ebusika ezindaweni zabo zokuzalwa. Esikhathini sokuzalela, abesilisa bahlala bezitika, ngoba izingosi zabo zigcwele nezindawo zezinsikazi. I-sony encane ithola insimu yamahhala futhi ixazululwe.
I-Hazel dormouse ichitha ubusuku bonke ifuna ukudla. Imilenze yabo eyishumi yenza kube lula ukuhamba phakathi kwamagatsha. Ubusika buhlala kusuka ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Ephreli, lapho izinga lokushisa langaphandle lehla ngaphansi kuka-16 '° C. Indlu yegumbi leHazel ichitha sonke lesi sikhathi emgodini, ngaphansi kokuchitheka kwehlathi noma kwizimbobo zezilwane ezilahliwe. Izidleke zasebusika zifakwe umugqa, izimpaphe notshani. Ngesikhathi hibernation, izinga lokushisa lomzimba lehla laya ku-0,25 - 0,50 ° C. Izindlu zomzimba zeHazel zinesizungu. Ngenkathi yokuzalela, abesilisa bavikela indawo yabo ngobudlova kwamanye amadoda. Lapho kuqala isikhathi sokubanda, i-hibernation iqala ukungena, isikhathi sayo sincike ezimweni zezulu. I-hazel dormouse ethanda ukushisa iwela ku-stupor kunoma yikuphi ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuka, baqala ukuzalanisa.
Umsoco weh hazel dormouse.
I-Hazel dormouse idla izithelo namantongomane, kodwa futhi idle amaqanda ezinyoni, amaphuphu, izinambuzane nempova. Ama-Hazelnuts ayindlela eyintandokazi yalezi zilwane. Amantongomane ahloliwe ahlukaniswa kalula yizimbobo ezibushelelezi eziyindilinga ezizishiya lezi zilwane kwigobolondo eliminyene.
I-Walnut dormouse igxile ekudleni kwamantongomane amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokushiswa, kepha ungakugcini ukudla ebusika. Ukudla okunama-fiber amaningi akulungele i-dormouse, ngoba ayinayo i-cecum kanti ne-cellulose ayigaywanga kahle. Bathanda izithelo nembewu. Ngaphezu kwamantongomane, ama-acorn, ama-sitrobheli, ama-blueberries, ama-lingonberry, ama-raspberries, amajikijolo akhona ekudleni. Entwasahlobo, izilwane zidla amagxolo ezinsikazi ezincane. Kwesinye isikhathi yidla izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene. Ukuze ubusika baphumelele, i-hazel dormouse iqongelela amanoni angaphansi, ngenkathi isisindo somzimba sicishe siphindwe kabili.
Indima yemvelo yendlu yama hazel dormouse.
I-Hazel dormouse isiza ekuvundeni kwezitshalo lapho zidla impova yezimbali. Ziba yizisulu ezilula zezimpungushe nezingulube zasendle.
U-Hazel olala ikhanda uthwala amazinyo engalo
Isimo sokulondolozwa kwendlu eyi-hazel dormouse.
Ubuningi bendlu enkulu yehazel iyancipha ezindaweni ezisenyakatho yebanga ngenxa yokulahleka kwendawo ehlathini. Ngaphesheya kwebanga, inani labantu alincane. Lezinhlobo zezilwane okwamanje ezingezinhlobo ezincane ezisongelwa, kepha zinesimo esikhethekile kuhlu lwe-CITES. Ezifundeni eziningi, i-hazel dormouse ikuhlu lwezinhlobo ezingandile.
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Ungasithenga kuphi isilo esinjalo
Indawo yokulala iHazel - hhayi isilwane esingajwayelekile, ngakho-ke ungasithenga kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezilwane, emakethe yezinyoni noma ngisho nasezandleni zabafuyi. Kwi-Intanethi, uvame ukuthola izikhangiso ezivela kubantu maqondana nokuthengiswa kwaleli punga.
By endleleni, lapho uthenga Sonya ezandleni zakho, kudingeka uqaphele: kungenzeka ukuthi lo muntu ethize wabanjwa ehlathini, ngokulandelana, kukhona nengozi yokuthi ingaluma umnikazi wayo futhi imbangele uhlobo oluthile lokutheleleka.
Kepha uma ingane inamahloni kakhulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye ayinabudlova ngokuphelele, wabe esezalwa ekudingisweni, futhi lokhu kungaqhubeka nokufundiswa ezandleni zakhe.
Ngokwesilinganiso, uzodinga ukukhokha cishe ama-ruble ayi-1000 kaSonya.
Ungasigcina kanjani isilwane ekhaya
Ngaphambi kokuthenga isilwane uqobo, udinga ukunakekela ikhaya lakusasa kusengaphambili. KwaSonya, iseli engu-100x200x50 cm ngosayizi enezitebhisi eziningi, amashalofu nezindlu ngaphakathi kuyalungisa. Futhi, izintambo zingafakwa ekhejini ukuze isilwane sikwazi ukukhuphuka ngaso, nesondo eligijimayo elinezintambo zonke ngaphandle kokuhlukile.
Amakheji azungezile alezi zilwane awalungeli nhlobo. I-Sonya igcinwa kahle kusigcawu esisezingeni elifanele noma ekheji elingunxande. Kubalulekile ukuthi ibe banzi futhi ibe nezimpawu eziningi zokuphila okusebenzayo kwesilwane.
Ekuqaleni, i-hazel dormouse izosebenzisa ukuqaphela okuphezulu ukuya ekhaya lakhe elisha, futhi lokhu kuyinto ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke akufanele ucasuke ucabange ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngesilwane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ivumelanisa nekheji, ihlole zonke izitebhisi, ibheke izindlu nesondo, emva kwalokho iqale impilo esebenzayo ejwayele kuye. I-Hazel dormouse isebenza kakhulu ngokwemvelo, ngakho maduze nje izoqala ukukhuphuka izintambo, yehle ngezitebhisi ezimisiwe, bese ikhuphuka, futhi lokhu kuzoba umdlalo wayo ophambili.
Ukunaka: Ungavumeli isilwane siphume ekhejini futhi siyivumele ukuba igijime efulethini noma endlini. Lezi izinduku ezigugile kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukubabamba, ngaphezu kwalokho, kunengozi enkulu yokuthi abakhokhi banamathele kwenye indawo, balume okuthile noma babanjwe ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo (ngokwesibonelo, ikati).
I-Hazel rodent izizwa imnandi yodwa, kepha futhi ingagcinwa ngababili. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izilwane ezinjalo ngaphakathi kwekheji efanayo zingaphila ngababili noma emkhayeni owodwa. Ukutshala endaweni eyodwa ngababili noma imindeni emibili yamagundane kuyabhujiswa: i-hazel dormouse ngeke ibekezelele ukuncintisana futhi iyolwa ngokungapheli phakathi kwabo.
Lezi namagundane zihlala kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ukuzenza amabhangqa, kudingeka ulungiselelwe inzalo engapheli. Uma kungenanhloso yokuzalanisa i-hazel dormouse, khona-ke bonke abantu kufanele bagcinwe ngokwahlukana komunye nomunye.
AbakwaSony - izilwane akuzona zihlanzekile kunazo zonke, ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokuhlanza nsuku zonke udoti, kuzodingeka ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlanzwa okuhlala njalo kweviki yonke, okubandakanya ukugeza phansi, okondlayo, izinduku.
Ngabe kudlani sony
Ukudla kwe-Sony cishe akuhlukile ekudleni kwanoma iyiphi enye i-rodent, kuqukethe imikhiqizo enjalo:
- amantongomane
- imbewu
- izithelo zezihlahla
- izithelo
- imifino
- izinambuzane kungukuphela komehluko kusuka kwamanye amagundane.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi isilwane ngaso sonke isikhathi sibe namanzi ahlanzekile futhi amasha, ngakho-ke umuntu ophuzayo kufanele ahlanze futhi agcwaliswe nsuku zonke.
Nsuku zonke kwanele ukuthi uSonya adle cishe amagremu angama-40 okudla, ngakho-ke lezi zilwane ziyakuthinta ngokuphelele ukuminza nokuthola isisindo.
Izikhathi ezimbalwa ngesonto lesi silwane singalashwa ngokuphathwa okukhethekileisibonelo:
- ompunga uthanda isinkwa esejwayelekile namakhambi,
- amaqanda abomvu ajwayelekile azokhanga i-ginger enokhuni.
Amagama ambalwa mayelana nokuzalela kwamagundane
Lezi zilwane zifinyelela ekuthangeni ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi lapho zingakafiki inyanga eyi-1 zingancishiswa. Ziletha inzalo kanye ngonyaka, futhi ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka entwasahlobo. Ukukhulelwa kowesifazane kuvela inyanga eyodwa, kuthi ngemuva kwalokho izingane zizalwe ngenani lezingcezu eziyi-10 cishe. Njengoba uSonya eyisilwane ezincelisayo, izilwane ezincane zizonikezwa ubisi lwebele. Isikhathi sokudla singamaviki ama-3, emva kwalokho izingane ezinamandla ziya ekudleni okuzimele. Ngemuva kwesonto lokuzondla, izingane ziba ngabantu abadala futhi zingazala izingane.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lamagundwane anjalo anesibopho esikhulu ekukhuliseni inzalo yawo, lapho kungesiyo kuphela umama kodwa futhi nobaba ahlanganyela. Ngakho-ke, umndeni onjalo ungabhekwa njengophelele kuzo zonke izindlela.
Ebusika, izilwane hibernate, yingakho esitokisini kufanele kube nendlu encane efudumele enama-sawdust kanye nezimbambo ngaphakathi. Futhi, ikheji ngokwalo ngenkathi ebandayo kufanele lihanjiselwe egumbini elifudumele. Ngakho-ke, ama-rodent azolala ngaphezulu kwezinyanga ezi-3-4, bese kuthi, entwasahlobo, ngokuqinisekile azoletha izizukulwane ezizayo.
Esikhathini esedlule nangemva kokungaziboni, kufanele ucabangele ukondliwa kwesilwane: kufanele kube okunempilo nokulinganisela.