Izingoma zelebhu, zingama-zaryanki, ngaphandle kokweqisa, ziwuphawu lwentwasahlobo yaseRussia. Ukuhlala emagatsheni omlotha osezintabeni, inyoni encane enezimpunga ezinesisu esishisayo kade kwakhuthaza abaculi, izimbongi nababhali ukwenza imisebenzi yabo. Kulesi sihloko uzofunda ukuthi ahlala kuphi amarobhothi, ahlobo luni lwendlela yokuphila, kanye namanye amaphuzu ahehayo ngale nyoni eyingqayizivele.
Incazelo ejwayelekile ye-robin
URobin ungowomndeni wama-passerines. Le nyoni enobungako obunesizotha emzimbeni wesisindo ayidluli i-18 amagremu, futhi ubude bomuntu omdala buyi-15-16 cm kuphela.
Amawashi ahlukile ngokobulili nangemibala. Izinsikazi zinesisindo esingaphansi futhi zinamapayipi amdaka kunabesilisa. Ngokukhula kweminyaka, umbala we izimpaphe zakamuva uba ngaphezulu. Amapayipi entanyeni kanye ne-goiter yezinyoni ezivuthiwe kuthatha i-hue ebomvu ekhanyayo.
Isikhathi sokuphila zaryanka hhayi ngaphezulu kweminyaka engu-4. Ingxenye yesizathu salokhu ukungabi sengozini yayo endle.
Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele izwi elinqwabayo lobhodi. Kuzwakala ekuseni kakhulu nasekushoneni kwelanga. Kusatshalaliswa amathreyi asatshalaliswa phakathi nesikhathi sokukhwelana, lapho abesilisa bemema abalingani besikhathi esizayo ukudala inzalo. UZaryanka uqashelwa kufanele njengenye yezinyoni ezihlabelela kahle emhlabeni.
Indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha
IZaryanka inyoni efudukayo. Ufika ekhaya evela emazweni afudumele kusesekuseni kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi, iqhwa lisalele endaweni yakithi ngalesi sikhathi, futhi amasonto ambalwa asele ngaphambi kokuvela kwamahlamvu okuqala. Kodwa ngisho ngalesi sikhathi, ama-trill e-robin asevele azwakala, okufanekisela ukuqala kwentwasahlobo kanye nokushisa kokuqala.
Isimo sikaRobin sinobungane. Kodwa-ke, abantu ngabanye baphila impilo eseceleni futhi abayothambekela ekwakhekeni komhlambi. Kepha ezinye izinyoni, irobhothi liyahambisana nabo ngobunzima obukhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi uba nengxabano uma kukhulunywa ngokuthathwa kwensimu yakhe.
Ukuhlanza kwenzeka enyameni ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa. Ukukhula okuncane kubonakaliswa ngamapulangwe ansundu ngemivimbo emnyama. Izisu ezibomvu ze-orange kanye ne-bluish emuva zivele zakhula lapho sezikhulile.
Ukudalwa kwenzalo ku-robin
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abesilisa bavela ezindaweni ezihlaselwe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambili kunabesifazane. Lapho befika, laba baqhubeke ngokwakha isidleke. Izindawo ezifanele kunazo zonke zokudlela izidleke ama-corvices kanye nezimbobo ezihlahleni, kanye nezisekelo zezihlahla nezimpande zezihlahla ezinkulu. Amagatsha omile, amabala otshani namahlumela enza izinto zokwakha.
I-clutch eyodwa ifaka amaqanda afinyelela kwayi-7 ngombala ophuzi-olintshi. Isikhathi sokufuduka sithatha izinsuku eziyi-14. Bobabili abalingani bayashintshana ekungeneni. Amakati azalwa ngaphandle kwezimpaphe. Ababelethi batlhogomela inzalo bese bondla izingane amasonto amabili ezayo. Izilwane ezincane ezindizayo ziphuma esidlekeni zihlala eduze kukamama ezinye izinsuku ezingama-6-7.
URobin ubonakala ngemvelo yomama eqinile. Ngonyaka wokuvuna, upha imashi emibili. Imvamisa, insikazi iletha amakhukhamba aphonswa esidlekeni sakhe.
Ukuhlala nokuhlala
Ibanga lapho inyoni ihlala khona banzi. Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi litholakala emithambekeni yethu, kufaka phakathi i-taiga, inyoni ihlala eMhlabeni Omdala ngisho nasezwenikazi lase-Afrika.
Izindawo zakhe azithokozisayo zingamahlathi, izihlahlana zomhlanga kanye ne-hazel, kanye nemizi. Ukufudukela ehlathini lamatshe kungenxa yokwehla okubukhali kwenani lezihlahla ngenxa yokuwa kwazo okukhulu. Eduze nomuntu, irobhothi likhetha izindawo zepaki, amabala nezinye izindawo lapho kunokudla. Kepha ihlathi le-feathery ligwema amahlathi kaphayini.
- izimbungulu
- amakhethini
- izibungu
- izinambuzane ezihlala ngaphansi kwamagxolo ezihlahla nezibungu zazo,
- okusanhlamvu
- amajikijolo
- imbewu.
Ngalesi sizathu, imvamisa zaryanki flutter eduze kwezingadi, izingadi zasekhishini, ezimfundeni nasemasimini.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngeRobhothi
UZaryanka isidalwa esinakekela kakhulu. Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi angakwazi ukhulisa futhi ondle amaphuphu abanye abantu, ubekade enethezekile maqondana nezihlobo zabantu abadala. Lapho ibona inyoni elimele, ishesha ukuyosiza futhi imtholele ukudla.
URobin ungumhlengikazi wehlathi. Ukondla izinambuzane ezincane, kunciphisa kakhulu inani labo, elisindisa amahlathi aqhamukayo ekuhlaselweni yizilokazane.
Ngeshwa, ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obunesizotha kanye nokukhohliseka kalula, lezi zinyoni zivame ukuba yisisulu sezinyamazane ezinamabala. Okunye ukubuyisa okwenzeka emzimbeni we-robin ukungakwazi ukundiza okusheshayo.
Usongo ezilwaneni ezincane ukuthi izingane ezindala zigijima zizungeze utshani futhi cishe azindiza.
Ukuqaphelwa kweRobin
Ama-Ornithologists, ososayensi bemvelo kanye nabantu abavamile banesifiso ngokukhethekile kumarobhothi. Kuqashelwe kusukela kokubonwa ukuthi i-robin ivela egatsheni engadini ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa umuntu efika lapho. Silindela ngesineke ukuthi umlimi athole okuthile ngaphansi komhlaba okuzomenzela ukudla.
Imvamisa inyoni ihamba ngqo emhlabathini. Zonke izinhlobo zezimbungulu, izibungu, imbewu kanye nezibungu zilindele lapho.
Kulula ukuqeqesha inyoni emkhombeni wokudla. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezici zezitho zomzimba, kuyimpoqo kuye ukuphenya ukudla kuye. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukondla abanamahlombe, fafaza ukudla emhlabathini.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ama-zaryanka njengesisekelo sesidleke awakhethi kuphela umgodi wesihlahla noma i-crevice. Inketho enhle kuye kuzoba isitsha sakudala esilahliwe noma ipani, azokuhlela ngokubona kwakhe.
I-Zaryanka emasikweni wobuntu nemvelo
Izinyoni ezinamabele abomvu zaba uphawu lukaKhisimusi weGreat Britain. Ngakho-ke, zivame ukuboniswa kumakhadi oNyaka Omusha noKhisimusi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaBrithani ayezithiya izinyoni ngokuthi njengabaposi. Konke kungenxa yebele elibomvu, elifana nokwakheka kwamadoda okulethwa kweposi waseBrithani.
Izitha nasebusweni bomuntu nazo zisatshiswa ngamaqanda amancane. Kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, abantu babedubula izinyoni ukuze banambithe inyama yazo.
Ukukhetha kwemvelo akunamusa kuma robins. Inani elikhulu kakhulu lezinyoni ziyafa ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwazo. Baphenduka ukudla kwabazingeli noma bafa ngokuswela ukudla. Ngokuqondene nabantu abadala, cishe ingxenye yabo kweshumi ifa ngokushayisana nezinye izinyoni endaweni.
Uma ufunde okuthile okuthokozisayo kule ndatshana, shiya amazwana bese wabelana ngemininingwane nabangane ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi.
Ukubukeka kukaRobin
Ubukhulu bomzimba we-robin bufinyelela amasentimitha ayi-12-16, kuyilapho lezi zinyoni zinesisindo esingaphezu kwama-16-22 amagremu. Amaphiko asuka kumasentimitha angama-20 kuye kwangama-22.
URobin yinyoni enezwi elicacile.
Uqhwaku kanye namehlo erobhothi amnyama. Abesilisa nabesifazane banezinqwaba ezifanayo, kodwa abesilisa bacishe bacace. Umbala womzimba onsundu nge-tint yomnqumo. Isisu simhlophe. Isifuba, umphimbo kanye phambi kwekhanda kunephunga elibomvu elivuthayo. Esifubeni nasezinhlangothini zentamo, umbala ungwevu-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amaphayi ansundu. Ezilwaneni ezincane, amathoni ansundu kanye namhlophe avela ngombala. Emhlabathini, lezi zinyoni zihamba zigxuma.
Ukuziphatha kukaRobin kanye nokudla
Lezi zinyoni ziyasebenza ngesikhathi sasemini. Kepha zitholakala ngobusuku benyanga noma emithonjeni esondele ebusuku. UZaryanka akesabi ngokuphelele abantu. Zivame ukusondela kubantu abambe inhlabathi futhi zibheke inyamazane.
IZaryanka ine-plumage ekhangayo - kubonakala sengathi igqoke i-apron ebomvu.
Abesilisa bakhombisa izinga eliphezulu lokulwa komunye nomunye, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bavikela ngentshiseko insimu yabo. Kuqubuka ukulwa okukhulu phakathi kwabesilisa, okungaholela ngisho nasekufeni komunye wabaphikisi. Emilwameni enjalo, kufinyelela ku-10% wesilisa ofayo.
Lalela izwi le-robin
Amarobhothi ahlabelela ikakhulukazi kusihlwa, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ebusuku. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, amaduna ayahlabelela. Ebusika, abesilisa nabesilisa benza imisebenzi ethile.
UZaryanka uhlala iminyaka eyi-12.
Izinyoni zidla ama-mollusks, izibungu, amabhungane, izicabucabu, izigayo. Bathola ukudla emhlabeni. Futhi, lokhu kudla kuqukethe ukudla kwezitshalo: imbewu, amajikijolo, izingxube abantu abondla ngazo izinyoni. Kwamajikijolo, ama-raspberries afana kakhulu ne-rollan, i-elderberry, i-currant ne-blackberry.
Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside
Abesilisa kungabokuqala ukufika ezindaweni zokungenisa izidleke, bakhetha izingosi ezifanele ezibavikela ekungeneni kwabaqhudelanayo. Kamuva izinsikazi zifika endaweni bese ziqala ukwakha izidleke. Bakha izidleke emhlabathini, phakathi kwamabhishi noma iziqu. Amaqabunga omile, i-moss, utshani busetshenziswa njengezinto zokwakha isidleke. Ukuphakama kwesidleke kufinyelela ngamasentimitha ayi-5, futhi ububanzi bawo ngamasentimitha ayi-7.
URobin yinyoni emangazayo.
E-clutch kukhona amaqanda amahlanu kuya kwayi-7. Isikhathi sokufakwa sihlala amasonto ama-2. Abesifazane kuphela ababopha isizukulwane esisha. Amachwane amancanyana awanawo amapuleti, umzimba wawo umbozwe ngesikhumba esimnyama. Amakati angashiyi isidleke izinsuku eziyi-15. Bese bema ohlangothini, kepha izinsuku eziyishumi abadukanga kubazali babo.
Esikhathini sonyaka, insikazi ikwazi ukwenza ukubumbana okungama-2-3. Izinga lokufa phakathi kwamachwane ama-robin liphezulu kakhulu. Okunzima kakhulu unyaka wokuqala wokuphila, uma inyoni ihlala khona, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi iphile iminyaka eyi-12. Isilinganiso sokuphila okuphansi kwerobhothi yiminyaka emi-2, kepha lokhu kubhekisisa inani lam amaphuphu afayo.
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