Ukuze kudonsele insikazi, abesilisa bakha indlu ngezinduku nakwezinye izinto zezitshalo. Bahlobisa indalo yabo ngamajikijolo namagobolondo, kanti abanye baze badansa phambi komnyango.
Izinyoni zasengadini zakha izindlu ezinkulu kangangokuba umuntu angakwazi ukungena kuzo.
I-Pergolas eyakhiwe ngabesilisa ayisetshenziswa ngabesifazane ukubeka amaqanda nokondla amaphuphu; lokhu, izinsikazi ngokwazo zakha izidleke ezisebenzayo.
I-Satin hut ihlobisa indlu yakho ngezimbali ezinhle, izimpaphe ngisho namabhodlela.
Amahlathi akhiwe eNew Guinea nasenyakatho nasempumalanga ye-Australia ayikhaya lezinhlobo ezi-18 zalaba bameleli. Ukuze uqhathanise, amagwababa, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-117.
Ngokukhula okungaba ngu-36 cm, indlu enkulu engwevu ingummeleli omkhulu walo mndeni futhi ihlala enyakatho ye-Australia.
Ama-huts adla izithelo, amajikijolo, imbewu, izinambuzane nezinye izidalwa.
Owesifazane unakekela amantshontsho akhe yedwa, kukhona kusuka koyedwa kuya kwabathathu.
Inyoni yesikhumba sasendulo ipenda indlu yayo iphuzi, isebenzisa ingxube yamathe nejusi lamaqabunga achotshoziwe.
Izinyoni zamakati nazo zingamalungu omndeni wezinyoni zasendlini. Bathola igama labo libonga nemisindo efana ne-feline abayenzayo.
Incazelo
Ngaphandle, izinyoni ezifuywayo, noma izindluzeleko, zifana kahle nondlunkulu bethu, kodwa umehluko usemkhulu impela.
Ngakho-ke, izintokazi ziyafana impela nazo, ngoba zinombala omncane, omfushane wemibala emnyama grey no brown onamabala amancane aluhlaza okotshani. Zimbozwe ngemichilo emnyama.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abesilisa bahluke kakhulu ngombala kwabesifazane. Zinezimpaphe ezingamnyama ezicwebezelayo ezingamakhanya omnyama, okukhanya ngokukhazimulayo ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngokuvamile, umbala wezinyoni awukhanyi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, abesilisa bezinhlobo eziningi banamakhanda emakhanda abo. Ama-huts ayabonakala ngokubukeka kwawo, kepha ngokuziphatha kwawo. Ngokuvamile, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni ezishisayo, izindawo ezifuywayo ziyahluka ngombala onesizotha nokubukeka ngokubanzi.
Amasayizi we-hut (inyoni) mancane. Ngobude, zifinyelela ku-20-35 cm. Abesilisa bakhulu kakhulu kunabesifazane. E-Australia naseNew Guinea, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngamashumi amabili zale nyoni, futhi isibalo sezinhlobo zezinyoni siyisishiyagalombili kuphela.
Izici Zokubonakala
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, izintokazi zinombala wezinsiba, lapho kuvela khona isikhumba sombala oluhlaza okotshani, kuthi abesilisa kube mnyama, kube nokubukeka okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngokuqondene namathoyizi, wona, njengomthetho, ngokuzalwa anombala ofana nonina.
Njengoba izidleke zikhula, umbala wazo ungashintsha kakhulu futhi ungabi okhanya kuphela kunonina, kodwa uthandeke kakhulu kunemibala kayise.
Indlu yezinyoni: indlela yokuphila
Abesilisa nabesifazane balesi zinhlobo ngokwemvelo banesithembu, banabalingani abaningana ngamunye. Ngasikhathi sinye, abesilisa bafeza ukuhlelwa kwabesifazane ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, okunye okusemqoka ukudansa kokuzala. Amawindi ngesikhathi sokuheha samanje abobulili obuhlukile hhayi ngomdanso kuphela.
Indlela enkulu yokuthola indawo lapho izintokazi izidleke, ngenxa yazo eyayibizwa ngokuthi izindlu zenyoni. Abesilisa bakha izidleke zamagatsha, amaqabunga, nezinye izinto ezincane ezitholakala ehlathini.
Ukusuka kuzindlela ezisetshenzisiwe zakha izidleke ezingakaze zibonwe, kwesinye isikhathi ezinesimo esingajwayelekile. Zitholakala ngqo emhlabathini futhi imvamisa kakhulu zinendlela yokubumba noma into efana ne-arch.
Njengomthetho, i-hut ihlotshiswe ngezinto ezahlukahlukene ezigqamile ukuheha ukunakwa okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Kungaba amajikijolo, izithelo, amakhowe nezimbali. Noma yini egqamile ingadlula ukuhlobisa ikhaya. Uma kukhanya indlu, maningi amathuba okuphumelela.
Yize lezi zindawo zokuhlala zivame ukungaziphathi kahle izidleke zezinyoni, empeleni akunjalo. Le ndawo yenzelwe kuphela ukuvuthwa, futhi kuhlelwa ngqo izidleke zokondla inzalo ezihlahleni.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala
I-Hut Ungowomndeni wama-gazebos, futhi isihlobo sawo esiseduze kakhulu, siyindidane ngokwanele, undlunkulu, yize osayizi bezindawo zokuhlala bebakhulu kakhulu (ukusuka kumasentimitha angama-25 kuye kwangama-35 ubude), futhi isisindo sabamele kakhulu sifinyelela ikilo.
Le nyoni inomlomo oqinile kodwa, oyindilinga ngokuqondile engxenyeni engenhla, ama-paws acishe abe mncane futhi abe mude, kanti enza amachwane amfushane. Umbala wezinkudlwana ezindlini zobulili obuhlukile uhluke kakhulu: umbala wesilisa ukhanya futhi uhlaba umxhwele kakhulu kunowowesifazane, imvamisa ngombala wohlobo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Esihlokweni sowesilisa nowesifazane
Uma ubheka esithombeni sendlu, kungaphawulwa ukuthi i-plumage yezinsikazi imvamisa ine-predominance eluhlaza engxenyeni engenhla, amaphiko kanye nengxenye engezansi yomzimba kuphuzi-nsundu noma kuphuzi-luhlaza.
Amazinyane ezinyoni aqine kakhulu, imvamisa ebomvu. Amakati azalwa enombala ophindaphinda umbala wokutholwa kowesifazane owawuthwele, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ungashintsha kakhulu. Emngceleni kwesisekelo sogongolo kubantu abadala kukhona iplamu, elinamaphiko amancane velvety enza umsebenzi wokuvikela ukuvuleka kwamakhala.
Isithombe se-satin hut
Kuze kube manje, izinhlobo eziyishumi nesikhombisa zendlwana le ziyaziwa, futhi indawo yokusatshalaliswa kwayo iwela kuphela endaweni yase-Australia, New Guinea kanye nezinye iziqhingi eziseduzane.
Satin hut ngenye yezindawo ezivame kakhulu futhi ezivamile emahlathini ashisayo atholakala ngqo engxenyeni esempumalanga yezwekazi lase-Australia ukusuka eVictoria kuye eSouth Queensland.
Phakathi kwabanye abamele lezi zindawo zokuhlala, uSatin - uzigqamile ngezinsimbi zabo ezinhle kakhulu. Bathanda ukuhlala emahlathini ashisayo, phakathi kwezihlahla ze-eucalyptus kanye ne-acacias.
Ukuthola isithombe esiphelele kakhulu sokubukeka kwalezi zinyoni, kungcono ukuvakashela izindawo zazo zemvelo, kepha uma ungazitholi ithuba elinjalo, ke kwanele ukuzibekela imithombo yezinsizakalo kunethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke ngokubheka, ngokwesibonelo, isithombe somdwebi odumile uJohn Gould "Indlu yomlilo».
Indlu yezinyoni. Amaqiniso Ahehayo
Kuyiqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi abashokobezi baseYurophu, abaqale ukufika e-Australia, bamangala kakhulu lapho bebona izizinda zemvelo ezingachazeki ehlathini. Isikhathi eside akekho owakuqonda ukuthi lokhu kuyini nokuthi kungani.
Imibono ehlukahlukene yemvelaphi yayo yabekwa phambili, ngoba, yiqiniso, akuzange kwenzeke kumuntu ukuthi izakhiwo ezinjalo zingenziwa yizinyoni. Umcabango owawuvame kakhulu ngumbono kaKaputeni Stoke, obecabanga ukuthi ama-huts ngumsebenzi wabantu bendawo owabenza bajabulisa izingane zabo.
Kube khona nombono owabekwa phambili nguRhuluneli, uSir George Gray, okholelwa ukuthi lezi zindlu zakha i-kangaroo. Akukaziwa kahle ukuthi i-Grey yaqondiswa yiphi, okwenza lokhu kucatshangwa. Kungenzeka ukuthi i-kangaroo yabonakala kuye njengezidalwa ezixakile kangangokuba wayekholelwa ukuthi zinamandla.
Isimilo nendlela yokuphila
Indlu yase-Australia uchitha iningi lempilo yakhe emahlathini aminyene phakathi kwezihlahla zezihlahla. Ukundiza kwezinyoni kwehlukaniswa ukukhuthazela, ukujula kanye nesivinini. Huts zivame ukuhlala zodwa, kwesinye isikhathi ziduka emihlambini emincane. Ingxenye ebalulekile yesikhathi lapho inyoni ichitha khona ngqo emoyeni, yehlela emhlabathini kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Indlu yegolide yase-Australia
Abesilisa abahlala bodwa banensimu yabo, abayigcina njalo. Ukuvunwa kwamakamelo emihlanjini kwenzeka ebusika, lapho izinyoni zihamba ziyofuna ukudla, zishiya indawo yamahlathi futhi ziphumela ezindaweni ezivulekile.
Kufanekisiswa isidleke sendlu
Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuhlaselwa kwezinyoni ezingadini ezahlukahlukene, amasimu kanye namapulazi akujwayelekile. Ukubamba bekujwayele birdies hut ukuyikhiphela ngaphandle kwezwekazi lase-Australia ngenhloso yokuthengisa okuthe xaxa, noma kunjalo, namuhla lolu hlobo lomsebenzi lwenqatshelwe ngokuqinile futhi lulawulwa yiziphathimandla zezwe. Kodwa-ke, kule minyaka eyikhulu edlule inani labantu abasebenza ezindlini belincipha ngokuqinile.
Kusukela maphakathi kuze kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, abesilisa bahlanganyela kakhulu ekwakheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho isidleke sendlu akenzi njalo, ukhetha ukwakhiwa kwendlu kule nqubo, lapho, empeleni, isiphelo semidlalo yokuphelisa siyokwenzeka - ukuvuthwa.
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokwakhiwa kwendlu, eyeduna kuqala ikhethe indawo efanelekile, iyisule ngokucophelela bese kuthi lapho sekwakhiwe odongeni. Imvamisa maphakathi nendawo yendawo kunesihlahla esincane, esisebenza njengesisekelo sesakhiwo esizayo.
Abesilisa bahlobisa ezabo izakhiwo ngosizo lwezinto ezahlukahlukene, abazifunayo ngokoqobo kulo lonke leli hlathi ngisho nangaphezulu. Yonke into isetshenziswa: izimpaphe zezinyoni, amagobolondo, ama-elytra wamabhungane, nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezicwebezelayo, okukhona kuzo ukuqhekeka okuningana.
Uma kwenzeka indawo yokuhlala yabantu iseduze, izinyoni zivame ukuya lapho ziyofuna izinto zokwakha, ezingafaka: ubucwebe, izihlakala zezinwele, ama-hairpins, izinkinobho, izindwangu eziswidi, amapensela ezivela ezibayeni nokunye okuningi. Into esemqoka ukuthi lezi zinto zinombala wemvelo futhi zihlanganiswe ngempumelelo ne-gamut yesakhiwo sonke.
Huts zivame ukuhlobisa izidleke zazo ngodoti wabantu
Izinkinga
Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yezinyoni ingamahlathi emvula asenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Australia naseNew Guinea. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kuyinkinga eyinhloko yezemvelo yendlu.
Le nkinga ishubile namuhla kuhulumeni wase-Australia, ngoba hhayi izindlu zodwa, kepha ezinye izilwane eziningi ezikhona ezwekazini ziyahlupheka ngalokhu.
Vele, ngaphezu kokunciphisa indawo yokuhlala yezinyoni, kunezinye izinkinga. Isibonelo, ukungcoliswa komoya, nakho okuthinta kabi izinyoni. Lokhu kuthinta kakhulu ukuzalwa kwezilwane, esezinzalo ezingaphansi kakhulu kunangaphambili.
Ukuzala
Ukuvuthwa ngokobulili ezindlini ezifuywayo kwenzeka cishe eminyakeni eyi-6-7. Abesifazane bavuthwa ngokushesha okukhulu futhi bakulungele ukuzala nokuzalanisa osekuphele iminyaka engama-2-3.
Isikhathi sokufuya izinyoni sithatha inyanga eyodwa nohhafu kuya kwezimbili zokuphumula kusuka ngo-Okthoba kuze kube nguDisemba, lapho intwasahlobo isisemhlabeni oseningizimu yoMhlaba.
Ngesinye isikhathi, indlu yezalukazi ingazalela amaqanda amathathu (imvamisa yi-1-2), bese inqubo yokubopha ithatha cishe amasonto amathathu. Bese kufika isikhathi sokudla. Owesifazane ukhulisa amaphuphu eyedwa, owesilisa akazibandakanyi ekukhulisweni kwabo.
Ezinyangeni ezimbili kamuva, amaphuphu afunda ukundiza futhi ashiye isidleke, aqala ukuhola impilo yabantu abadala abazimele. Sele zikulungele ngokuphelele impilo ngaphandle kwendali yabazali. Kodwa-ke, ngeke bakwazi ukuzala kungekudala, ngakho-ke inani lalezi zinyoni likhula kancane kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yezinkinga zezemvelo, inani lezinyoni lilokhu lincipha njalo.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, isikhathi sokuphila kwezinyoni ze-hut, njengomthetho, cishe iminyaka engama-8-10. Ezindaweni zasekhaya nakwezinye izindawo lapho izinyoni zibhekwa khona ngabantu, zingaphila kakhulu.
Isiphetho
AmaHuts izinyoni ezihlukile ezitholakala kuphela endaweni yezwekazi elilodwa. Ukuziphatha kwabo kuyamangaza futhi, ngoba cishe akekho emhlabeni wezilwane owakha izakhiwo ezinjalo.
Isimo sale nyoni senza kube kujabulise kakhulu ukutadisha ama-ornithologists avela kuwo wonke umhlaba, ngakho-ke ososayensi abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba bahlala beza e-Australia naseNew Guinea ukuzobheka nokufunda izindlu zakwamanye amazwe.
Ngenxa yesimo esihle kakhulu semvelo, inani lalezi zinyoni lehla ngokushesha. Iziphathimandla zezwe zilwa kanzima nale nkinga, kepha isimo sezinyoni sihlala sibucayi. Namuhla, ama-zoo amaningi nezikhungo ze-ornithological zijabule ukuthenga lezi zinyoni ohlwini lwazo.
Kungenzeka ukuthi ubunzima bezinyathelo ezenziwa izinhlaka ezahlukahlukene zombuso nezangasese zokusindisa lezi zinhlobo zizoholela ekutheni izinyoni ziyeke ukuba semngceleni wokuqothuka, futhi abantu bazo bazinze.
Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba khona, futhi, ngakho-ke, ukulondolozwa kwalolu hlobo lwezinyoni, empeleni, kuyisilwane esivelanayo.
I-Hut bird anatomy
Umbala owesilisa nowesifazane uhluke kakhulu. Abesilisa bavame ukugqama kakhulu, umbala ubuswa ubumnyama obumnyama. Abesifazane bakhaliphile, imvamisa eluhlaza kakhulu. Amehlo alezi zinyoni nawo ahlukile. Iris kusuka eluhlaza okotshani. Uqhwaku oluqinile nemilenze eqinile enezinzwane ezimfushane.
Indlela Yokuphila Yezinyoni
Izinyoni ezihlala ezindlini zihlala zodwa, futhi ebusika kuphela lapho ziphambuka khona emihlambini futhi zingashiya ihlathi ziyofuna ukudla. Isikhathi sabo esiningi, izinyoni ziyandiza. Baqinile ekundizeni. Umhlaba wesikhashana, kufaka phakathi nokuzalela. Abesilisa bangaba nezindawo zabo futhi bazivikele.
Kusukela maphakathi nentwasahlobo, abesilisa baqala ukwakha izindluvane. Okokuqala, basula indawo engaphansi kwesakhiwo, bese beqala ukwakha izindonga bese behlobisa indlu. Ukuhlobisa okuhlukahlukene kakhulu kusetshenzisiwe. Konke okutholakala ehlathini eliqhakazile yizimpaphe, amajikijolo, izithelo, amagobolondo, amaphiko ebhungane nezinto ezinhle ezikhazimulayo ezithandwa yilezi zinyoni. Uma kunendawo yokuhlala yabantu eduzane, khona-ke izinyoni zingantshontsha ubucwebe, izindwangu zamaswidi, ama-hairpins nanoma yini ezodonsela ukunaka kwazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngumbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okokuhlobisa okubakhanga kakhulu. Futhi ubucwebe obuningi buvame kakhulu buluhlaza kuphela.
Umsoco
Indlwana idla ikakhulu amajikijolo nezithelo, kwesinye isikhathi inezela ama-invertebrates ekudleni kwayo. Bathola ukudla emhlabeni nasemithini. Ebusika, izinyoni kwesinye isikhathi kufanele ziphambukele emihlambini emincane (kuze kufike kubantu abangama-60), bese zishiya imingcele yendawo yazo evamile, zingene ezindaweni ezivulekile zokuphangwa.