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Lezi yizinyoni ezinamaphiko abanzi ezenyuka emifudlaneni yomoya ofudumele okhuphukayo. Ngesikhathi sendiza, ikhanda lidonswa phambili, futhi imilenze, ngokulandelana, emuva. Ziphila impilo yokuhlala phansi ezindaweni eziwugwadule lapho kukhona izihlahla lapho zidlela khona. Imilomo yaseMelika izinyoni ezinkulu, ubude bayo buvame ukuba yi-90-100 cm, kanti amaphiko ayo angaba ngu-150 cm. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane, amapayipi amhlophe kakhulu, anezimpaphe ezimnyama. Ezinhlotsheni ze-Old World, uqhwaku luphuzi okhanyayo, isikhumba esingenalutho ekhanda sibomvu noma siphuzi, kanti imilenze ibomvu, imibala yoqhwaku lwaseMelika lubukeka luyi-matte engaphezulu. Ezinyoni ezincane, umbala awukhanyi kangako, njengomthetho, onsundu xaxa uma uqhathanisa nezihlobo zawo ezindala. Lezi zingwamza zihamba kancane emanzini angajulile zifuna ukudla, okubandakanya izinhlanzi, amasele nezinambuzane ezinkulu. Izimpawu zangaphandle zohlobo olukhishwe ngotshani ophuziIngulube ekhishwa ophuzi iyinyoni enkulu enobunzima obungu-90- 10 cm.I-wingspan ingu-150-165 cm. Iziduna zinesisindo esingu-2.3 kg, izintokazi ziyi-1,9 kg. I-African Beak (Mycteria ibis). I-plumage imhlophe emhlane, amaphiko, esifubeni nangaphansi. Lo mbala uhluka ngezimpaphe ezimnyama zekhanda, umsila nezimpaphe zephiko. Ukhozi olugqotshwe ngotshani olunemilenze emide, nsundu, olusebenzisa ukuzinzisa umzimba ngenkathi lusesha emanzini. Uqhwaku olphuzi lude (amasentimitha angama-20), lufiphele emaphepheni, lugobeke kancane phansi futhi lubonakala kahle ebusweni obunobuso obumbozwe yisikhumba esibomvu. Kukulungele ukuthola ukudla ezindaweni zokugcina ezingashoni. Imilenze yinde, ijwayelekile kuma-storks, obomvu-owolintshi ngombala, iguqulwa ukuze ihambisane namanzi angajulile. Umbala ogqamile kakhulu ngumbala wesigaqa esikhokhelwa ophuzi ngesikhathi sokuzalela. Uqhwaku luba nombala ophuzi ogcwele, "ubuso" buba bomvu okhanyayo, kanti izimpaphe ziba nombala opinki ophuzi, isikhumba esingenalutho endaweni yeso siphenduke sibomvu. Imvamisa imilenze egqamile iba mhlophe, icishe ibe bomvu ngombala. Umbala owesilisa nowesifazane ufana ncamashi. Izinyoni ezincane zinamapulangwe ansundu, uqhwaku olimpunga nemilenze, nesikhumba ophuzi “ebusweni”. Lapho efuna ukudla, izingwamza zizulazula emanzini angajulile. Ukusakazeka kwesigaxa esikhishwe ngotshaniIngulube ekhokhelwa ngophuzi ihlala e-Afrika. Lolu hlobo luvame ukusuka eSenegal empumalanga naseMauritania entshonalanga naseningizimu neNingizimu Afrika. Kutholakala e-Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, eBurundi, eCameroon, eCongo. Ingulube ekhishwe ophuzi ihlala e-Eritrea, e-Ethiopia, eGabon, eGambia, eGhana, eKenya. Kuhlala iMozambiki, iNamibia, iRwanda, iSwaziland, iTanzania, iTogo, i-Uganda, neZambia, neZimbabwe. Kuthuthelwa enyakatho yeSahara, kubandakanya iMorocco neGibhithe. Izindawo Zokuhlala Izingodo Ezihlotshiswe ngaphuziImbada ekhishwa ophuzi ihlala phakathi kwezixhaphozi ezinamanzi aphakathi kwamaphesenti ayi-10 kuye kwangama-40, ihlala izihlahla ezikhula eduzane. Lolu hlobo lwamakhowe luvame ukutholakala emasimini, ngasogwini lwemifula kanye namachibi, amadamu, ezindaweni ezinkulu.
Ingulube ekhokhiswe ophuzi ayikwazi ukondla emanzini ajulile. Kwesinye isikhathi izimbotshana eziphuzi eziphuziweyo ezihlahleni eziphakathi kwedolobhana noma idolobha. Kudla imidlwane ekhokhiswe ngotshaniUkudla kwesigaxa esikhokhelwa ophuzi kuqukethe amasele, inhlanzi encane, izinambuzane, izibungu, ama-crustaceans, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane nezinyoni. Lolu hlobo lwenyoni lufuna inyamazane ngokuzulazula emanzini angajulile futhi lufaka uqhwaku lwalo emanzini odaka. Njengoba isibambe inyamazane, ibhungane elihlotshiswe ophuzi lijikijela ikhanda emuva futhi ligwinye ukubanjwa kwalo. Izindebe zase-Afrika ziyizinyoni eziwumashi. Izingwamza nazo zingahambisana nezingwenya noma imvubu ukubamba izilwane eziphazanyiswa izakhamizi ezinkulu zamachibi ase-Afrika. Lolu hlobo lwezinyoni luyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nezinguquko ekunikezelweni kokudla. Izici zokuziphatha kwensangu ebomvuAmantshontsho adonswa ngaphuzi ebusuku akha indlela yomphakathi ezihlahleni azithandayo emi phakathi kwezixhaphozi. Lobusuku buvame ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni. Amantshontsho agqitshwe ophuzi enza ukufuduka okungajwayelekile ezindaweni zase-Afrika lapho izinguquko emazingeni amanzi zenza kube nokwenzeka ukuzingela izinhlanzi emanzini angajulile. Imbangela enkulu yalokhu kufuduka ukukhuphuka kwezinga lamanzi, okwenza ukukhiqizwa kokudla kungenzeki.
Abanye abantu bensangu ebomvu ophuzi baphila impilo yokuhlala isikhathi eside. Lenhlobo yezinyoni ivame ukuphumula nezinye izinyoni. Udoba olukhokhiswe ophuzi luyimfihlo, alukhe lube ngamaqoqo amakhulu kakhulu, kuvame ukubukwa izinyoni ngababili noma imihlambi emincane yabantu abangafika kwabangu-50. Izinyoni zihlala zizulazula echibini eliphansi futhi elinamakhaza, zibuka izinhlanzi, zime zinganyakazi ngomlomo zidonswa emanzini. Lapho amantshontsho ekhokha ophuzi aphumule, abukeka njengamarabi emi ngaphandle kokunyakazisa amadolo awo. Ngaphandle, izingwamza eziphuzi zivele zifane nezikhwanyana. Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe ingwamza ephuziAmantshontsho agqotshwe ngotshani ophuzi ngesikhathi lapho kuba khona inala yokudla, imvamisa kusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuMeyi. Lokhu ukubukeka okuyisidina. Izinyoni zakha izidleke emakoloni, zakha u-10 ukuya ku-20, kwesinye isikhathi zifinyelela izidleke ezingama-50 esihlahleni, zivame ukuhlangana ngamabhib, herons, amadada ase-Afrika, ezinye izingwamza, ikakhulukazi i-marabou, isipuni noma ama-cormorants. Izidleke zoqhwaku lwase-Afrika zakhiwa izinsuku ezingama-7-10 ngokukhethekile kusuka kumagatsha. Kubukeka njengesiteji sezinduku ezinkulu. Ingxenye yesidleke ifakwe ngamahlamvu, utshani, umhlanga inflorescence. Imvamisa itholakala ngaphezu kwe-acacia noma i-baobab endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-3-7 ngaphezulu komhlaba. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda ama-2-3, insikazi kanye nowesilisa kufukamela izinsuku ezingama-30.
Bobabili abazali bondla amaphuphu, behlala bebhakela ukudla emilonyeni yabo. Amantshontsho amancanyana aba namaphiko eneminyaka engaba ngu-35 yezinsuku. Zisuka esidlekeni ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-55, kwesinye isikhathi ngemuva kwesikhashana, futhi zizimele, yize zingaphinde zibuyele esidlekeni futhi zihlale kulo izinsuku ezingafika kwezingu-90. Izidleke zoqhwaku lwase-Afrika ezikoloni zezihlahla, zivame ukutholakala emadolobhaneni noma emadolobheni. Izinyathelo Zokulondolozwa Kwe-Stork ezikhokhiswe ngophuziImbada ekhishwa ophuzi ingeka-Afro-Eurasian waterfowl. I-AEWA igqugquzela ababambiqhaza ukuthi bathathe isinyathelo sokugcina nokuvikela izinhlobo zezinyoni ezincike ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi, okungenani ngesikhathi sokuzala. Azikho izindlela ezithile zokonga ezenzelwe lolu hlobo. Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka. Incazelo nezici zoqhwakuLe nyoni ibonwa kalula phakathi kwabameleli abaningi bezinyoni zemashi. Umlomo imelela ubukhulu bayo obukhulu nemibala ekhanyayo engajwayelekile yomlomo. Ekuphakameni, inyoni ingakhula ibe yimitha eyodwa, kanti isisindo sayo ifinyelela kumakhilogremu amathathu. Ezinyoni ezincane, amapula amhlophe anekhanda elimpunga kancane. Izinyoni ezindala zinenqwaba yezimpaphe ezimnyama emaphikweni azo nasekhanda elimnyama. Isici esishayayo nesingasoze sakhunjulwa uqhwaku oluphuzi lwesigaxa, esifinyelela kubude obungaba ngamasentimitha angama-25. Uqhwaku lunemilenze emide ye-pinnate yombala onsundu. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane ngezibonakaliso zangaphandle. HabitatKulesi sithombe umlomo wesilisa Kuhlala uBeak ezindaweni ezisogwini zemifula, amachibi. Emaxhaphozini nasezihlahleni zemikhaba. Ukukhetha amachibi ngamanzi amasha kanye nosawoti. Indawo yokuhlala kwesiqhwaku inomkhawulo ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba nasezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika kanye naseNyakatho Melika, iziqhingi zaseCaribbean, i-USA, iSouth Carolina, iTexas, iMississippi, neFlorida, neGeorgia, neNorth Carolina kanye neNyakatho ye-Argentina kuyizindawo lapho umlomo uqhwakele khona. Ukuzalanisa uqhwakuImvamisa inyoni eluhlaza kwakha umbhangqwana owodwa wokuphila, noma kunjalo, kunezibonelo lapho uqhwaku lomlomo lwakha iseli lomphakathi isizini eyodwa kuphela. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukunakekela insikazi, owesilisa oqhwaku ulungiselela indawo isidleke esizayo. Indawo enhle kakhulu yokubukeka kwenzalo yemilomo ingumuthi ohaqwe ngamanzi. Ukwenza umsindo wesimilo, owesilisa ufuna ukuzalanisa, okuzoqhubeka ngoDisemba kuze kube ngu-Ephreli. Isihlahla esisodwa singaba nemindeni efinyelela ku-20. “Izindlu” ezizayo zalo mbhangqwana zizakhela ngamahlumela owomile, ziwahlobisa ngamahlamvu aluhlaza. Ngokuvamile kuba namaqanda amathathu ku-clutch, imibala emincane evame kakhulu kakhilimu. Esithombeni, imilomo ngesikhathi sokuzala Bobabili abazali bababopha nabo. Ngemuva kwenyanga eyodwa, kuzalwa amachwane. Kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezingama-50 bazohlala bengasizi futhi beze. Batali banakekela kudla kwabo. Ngokuntuleka kokudla, amaphuphu kuphela aqinile futhi asebenzayo asindayo, ababuthakathaka ngeshwa bafa. Isakhiwo soqhwaku"Ikhadi lokuvakasha" lezinhlobo ngayinye lingumlomo walo. Izithombe zemilomo yezinyoni esihlokweni sethu ziyakufakazela lokhu futhi. Ukhozi seluthi lwakhothama phansi, emsebeni liwucwebe futhi luhlotshiswe ngamazinyo akhethekile, kuthi lapho ukugwinya kube mncane futhi kube bukhali. Uqhwaku lwezinyoni - lo ngumhlathi. Izicubu zazo zamathambo zimbozwe ngento e-horny, ekwakhekeni kwayo kwamakhemikhali ifana nezinwele zabantu nezinzipikili. Engxenyeni engenhla yoqhwaku kunamakhala okuthi umoya ungene emzimbeni. Uma siqhathanisa ukusebenza kwemihlathi yomuntu nezinyoni, khona-ke singasho ukuthi ekugcineni kuzohlukahlukahluka okukhulu kanye nobuchwepheshe. Lokhu akuyona kuphela insiza yokukhishwa nokufakwa kokudla. Ngosizo lomlomo, izinyoni zithola izinto zokwakha izidleke, zizakhele indawo yokuhlala, futhi zincike ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka. Ezinye izinyoni zasemanzini zisebenzisa njengemishini yokuhlunga. Yiphi inyoni enomlomo?Ukuhlakanipha okudumile kuthi: "Zonke izinyoni zondliwa ngoqhwaku lwazo." Futhi lokhu akwenzeki ngengozi. Ukuma, ubude nosayizi woqhwaku empeleni kunqunywa indlela yokukhishwa kokudla kanye nohlobo lwayo. Isibonelo, ibis inyoni enomlomo omude. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, singakhipha noma yisiphi isidalwa esiphilayo emanzini angajulile noma emhlabathini. Wonke umuntu uyazi uqhwaku lomsipha. Ngezansi kunesikhwama sesikhumba, esisetshenziswa yinyoni ukubamba izinhlanzi. Futhi ama-Woodpeckers asebenzisa ubuhlalu kancane, ngosizo lwawo enza izimbobo kumagxolo ezihlahla. Ngakho-ke inyoni ithola izinambuzane nezibungu zazo. Ngokwendlela yokudla kanye nezimpawu zempilo yezinyoni, zingahlanganiswa zibe ngamaqembu amaningana. Ake sibheke ngayinye yazo nezinhlobo ezihambisanayo zemilomo ngemininingwane ethe xaxa. Ukubonakala kwethoni
Uqhwaku olukhanyayo, oluhle okwenziwe ngombala owenza i-toucan ibe yinhle, inyoni ebukekayo. Ukuthayipha ku-Inthanethi: ama-toucans, izithombe namavidiyo, wonke umuntu angaqiniseka ngokuhluka kwabo okungajwayelekile, njengabameli abakhanyayo bezindawo ezishisayo. Izinyoni zamanziLeli qembu lifaka amahansi, amaswidi, amadada. Uqhwaku lwazo lunokwakheka okuyisicaba futhi luhlotshiswe ngama-denticles namapuleti odaba olubi. Ngosizo lwabo, izinyoni ziyaquma futhi zigaye ukudla. Kepha ama-loons, nawo angabamele ama-waterfowl, aneqhwa eliqondisiwe. Lezi zinyoni zidla izinhlanzi ezincane ezizibambayo lapho zidonsa. ISyipe inyoni enomlomo omude. Uhlala ezindaweni ezinamachashaza, ekhipha izidumbu ezincane odakeni. Uqhwaku olunjalo luphinde lube ne-heron, evumela ukubamba inhlanzi. Ibhekwa njengenyoni enamanzi aseduze ngoba ayinayo i-coccygeal gland. Lesi sici asimvumeli ukuba abhukude futhi azule. Ubuthi obuphefumulayoFuthi, isizathu sokuvulwa kaningi kwekhiye kumapharafini kungaba okuqukethwe kwezinto ezinobuthi emoyeni, ngokwesibonelo, intuthu kagwayi, uphalafini ovela kuhekitha noma okokuhlanza. I-parrot iqala ukuzizwa igula, kuvela ukuntuleka komoya okusobala. Ukwelashwa kwemiphumela, njengomthetho, kunzima. Imvamisa, inyoni iyafa ngaphandle kwalapho inikezwe ukunakekelwa kwezilwane ngesikhathi. Izinyoni zokusanhlamvuAma-Bullfinches nama-Carduelis akhetha imbewu, ama-buds namajikijolo njengekhambi elithandayo. Ngakho-ke, umlomo wabo mfushane, kepha awugqinsi. Lesi sici sivumela izinyoni ezinhle ukuba zingazikhandleli ekutholeni ukudla. Ukufakwa kwembewu kwenzeka kuzo ngezindlela ezihlukile. Isibonelo, abamele inkukhu bayabagwinya, ngaphandle kokuchoboza. Banesisu esakhiwe kahle somzimba kanye ne-goiter, lapho ukudla kusetshenzelwa khona ngamakhemikhali amahora ambalwa. Reel usebenzisa i-beak hhayi ukuqoqa imbewu kuphela. Lezi zinyoni kuqala zihlanze i-peel engangeneki, bese ziqhekeza umnyombo, zikhethe ukudla. Le nqubo kungenzeka ngenxa yoqhwaku olukhulu olunesihloko esicijile kanye nemisipha ethuthukisiwe. Izinyoni ezigwinya imbewu zinomthelela ngokuphelele ekusakazweni kwazo. Uma bedlula emathunjini, empeleni abaphelelwa amandla okuzala, futhi kuvame ukukhuphula le khwalithi. Hlangana NezinambuzaneUqhwaku lwezinyoni ezikhetha izinambuzane lungaba bobunjwa obuhlukahlukene nobude. Noma kunjalo, ihlala incane futhi ibukhali. Abamele leli qembu lezinyoni abagwinyayo, ababulawa yindlala, ababhukudi, ama-tits, ama-thrushes, ama-flycatchers, ama-orioles, ikhukhamba. Zidla inani elikhulu lokudla ngenkathi zondla izingane. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinyoni ezingavikeleki zibhubhisa izinambuzane ezinobungozi zezolimo: amabhungane amaqabunga, amabhu, ama-gherkins, ama-aphid. Baqoqa ukudla kwabo emhlabathini, otshanini, ezihlahleni. Izazi zemvelo zikholelwa ukuthi kungumsebenzi wezinyoni ongavumeli izinambuzane eziyingozi ukuba zikhiqizwe ngezindlela eziyinhlekelele. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, ama -tivtivores angashintsha imikhuba yokudla. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezinhlobo ezithile zezinambuzane. Ngakho-ke, kunephethini: uma inani elikhulu lezinyoni livela phakathi kobubanzi, khona-ke ukuveliswa okunamandla kwezinambuzane kuyabonakala lapha, okuphambene nalokho. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi izinyoni ezinezinhlobonhlobo zoqhwaku zinezici ezengeziwe ezibavumela ukuthi bathole ukudla. Ezilwaneni ezidlayo, lezi zingamaphiko abanzi, zinikeza ukundiza okuhamba “phezulu” nezihlakala ezibukhali. Futhi ama-granvores anemisipha ekhule kahle. Ngakho-ke, uqhwaku lwezinyoni luhambelana nohlobo lokudla nendlela yokukhishwa kwayo. Ngokusho kwalezi zimpawu, izinyoni zihlanganiswa ngamaqembu ambalwa:
I-HummingbirdUmlomo wale nyoni encane ubukeka njengenkemba noma inkemba emincane. Lolu hlobo lwe-hummingbird lwasungulwa eMelika eseNingizimu. Bahlala ezindaweni eziphakeme eBolivia, eColombia, e-Ecuador, ePeru naseVenezuela. Uhlobo lwenyoni okuwukuphela komlomo walo olude kunalo lonke umzimba walo. Ngakho-ke, ulimi lwale nyoni lude kakhulu ngokungajwayelekile. Ubude be-hummingbird ukusuka kuqhwaku luya esiqongweni somsila bungamasentimitha ayi-14. Le nyoni inesisindo esingu-10-15 g futhi ingenye enkulu kulo mndeni. Izimpawu eziphambili zesifoUma siqhathanisa ukusebenza kwe-parrot nomuntu, bese inyoni idlula ngokushesha okukhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kusukela ekuqaleni ukukhula kwesifo kuze kube sekufeni kwesilwane esifuywayo, kuzodlula izinsuku ezimbalwa nje. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi kahle ukuthi iziphi izimpawu ezikhuluma ngenqubo yesifo futhi, lapho usuzibonile, ufuna usizo ngokushesha. Imfucumfucu engajwayelekileZopholi zidla ukudla okuningi ngosuku ngakho-ke kumele zivame ukuwohloka. Lokhu akufanele kuthinte inhlala-kahle yenyoni, noma ubumsulwa bezimpaphe zayo. Ukuthuthuka kwenqubo ye-pathological kuboniswa ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okwenziwa njalo noma okungavamile, kanye nokunamathela kokuphonsa ezimpaphe ezizungezile. Umbala wokunyakaza kwamathumbu ungakhombisa izinqubo ezahlukahlukene ze-pathogenic. Izindunduma eziluhlaza eziluhlaza zibonisa i-pathology yesibindi noma ukuthi inyoni ayidli lutho. Ukushaywa yindlala kapholi ngisho nangosuku lunye kungabulala. Umbala omhlophe ukhombisa ukungahambi kahle ohlelweni lwe-enzyme. Nge-hepatic pathology noma i-parasitic infestations, udoti ungaba ophuzi, futhi nokuphuma kwangaphakathi - kumnyama. Uma isilwane sikhishwa ngamanzi, lokho okuqukethwe amathumbu aso kuyonamathela kwizimpaphe. Izimpaphe ezigogekileUma isembozo sopholi sisesimweni se-ruffle isikhathi eside, khona-ke lokhu kungakhombisa ukuthi inyoni inomkhuhlane. Ezimweni lapho kunyakaziswa okuncane nokuphefumula okuningana kulokhu, lapho-ke izinga lokushisa lomzimba selikhuphukile. Isisindo esifakiwe futhi kufihla ukulahleka kwesisindo, kunyakazise inani labo. Ukusabela okufanayo kwesifuyo kungaba ubuthi noma ukuhlaselwa yizilonda zangaphakathi. Uma isimo sithatha isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku, khona-ke udinga ukuxhumana nodokotela wezilwane. Kukhona futhi izimo ezingasho inqubo ye-pathological. I-parrot ingasaba okuthile, imane ibambe noma ayinakho ukukhanya okwanele (amahora amafushane wemini ebusika). Ububomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukukhululeka kusuka ku-waxIVoskovitsa yisigaba esingaphezulu komlomo wopholi obhekele inqubo yokuphefumula, lapho kutholakala khona amathumbu. Kumele kubhekwe kahle. Isesimweni esihle, le ngxenye yomzimba inombala ofanayo ngaphandle kwamabala nokuxola. Ingaphezulu layo libushelelezi, futhi izinga lokushisa lihlangana nawo wonke umzimba. Noma iziphi izinguquko kule ndawo: ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukuphuma kwamakhala emakhaleni kukhombisa isifo sesilwane. Lapho zivela, kufanele uthintane no-ornithologist ngokushesha. Izinqubo ezilandelayo kungenzeka kakhulu kunezinye zokudala izinguquko ku-wax:
Amehlo afipheleUma uhlelo lokuphefumula noma lwezinzwa lungaphilile, ungabona ushintsho ekubhekeni kwepholiyo. Amehlo aphela amandla futhi abe buthuntu. Izicubu ezizungezile ziyaqhuma. Izimpaphe nxazonke ziba manzi ngenxa yezinyembezi. Ukuqunjelwa kwe-purulent kuvela, kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokufakwa kwama-microorganisms we-pathogenic. Uma lesi simo sesiqaliwe, khona-ke ukuvuvukala kwe-purulent kuzodlulisela ngokushesha ohlelweni lokuphefumula futhi kungadala ukufa kweprotheni. Uma iso elilodwa lihlupheka, into eyinhloko ukulimala. 01.08.2017Uqhwaku lwase-Afrika, noma uluhlaza ophuzi olwandle (i-lat. Mycteria ibis), ungowomndeni wakwa-Storks (lat. Ciconidae). Ngaphandle, kubukeka kakhulu njenge-ibis, kepha empeleni kuyimelela lohlobo lwe-Klyuvachi Mycteria futhi kuhlobene kakhulu nomlomo wasemelika. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, inyoni igoba imilenze yayo futhi isuka kude njenge-maraba. UkuziphathaLe nyoni iyalingana futhi ithule, kepha iyakwazi ukuzimela. Ngomlomo onamandla, uyakwazi ukulimaza noma ukubulala ingane yasenkulisa. Ngokuhamba kancane nangokunamandla, kuhlukaniswa ukusabela okuhle kakhulu, okukuvumela ukuthi ungagcini ngokudoba ngokuphumelelayo emanzini anezinkinga, kodwa futhi usabele ngokushesha engcupheni yangempela. Umlomo wase-Afrika uvame ukuzivumela ukuthi uzingeke ngamamitha ambalwa ukusuka kwimvubu nasezingubeni, kuhlale kulawulwa isimo esinobungozi futhi kugcinwe ibanga elincane elivumelekile. Ekunyakazeni okuncane okusolisayo kwabaphangi, ugijimela ohlangothini noma asuke ahambe. Lezi zingwamza zithule kakhulu, ungaculi futhi ungazami ukuheha ukunakwa kakhulu. Ngezikhathi ezithile baxoxa bodwa ngosizo lwemisindo engazwakali kahle. Ebusuku, izinyoni zizolala emhlambini omkhulu emagatsheni ezihlahla ezide. Izitha zabo zemvelo ingulule, amabhubesi nezinkozi eziklolodayo. Lesi sakamuva sisebenza ngokukhethekile ekutshontshweni kwamaqanda esidlekeni. Kwesinye isikhathi bayakwazi ukubathumba ngaphezu kwe-60% yabo bonke abakhona. Indlela yokuphilaIzindebe zaseMelika ingakhuphuka esibhakabhakeni isikhathi eside, isebenzisa imifudlana yomoya ofudumele ukuyibamba endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-300 nangaphezulu komhlaba. Indiza yabo ibushelelezi ngamaphiko angavamile endiza. Uma zifuna ukudla, lezi zinyoni ziyakwazi ukuhamba amakhilomitha angama-24-64 ngosuku. Uqhwaku lwaseMelika luyinyoni ecishe ithule, ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela lukhipha umsindo othambile noma wokuhlwaya. Habitat, indawo yokuhlalaIzindebe zaseMelika zihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo nezingaphansi kweMelika; ziyabonakala naseziqhingini zaseCaribbean. Kusuka enyakatho, uhla lukhawulelwe ezindaweni zokuzalela ezifundeni zaseFlorida, Georgia, kanye naseNingizimu South Carolina. Imingcele eseningizimu - eNyakatho ne-Argentina. Lapho ukunakekelwa kwenzalo kunyamalala, izinyoni zingahlela izindawo zazo eTexas, eMississippi, zibonakala e-Alabama ngisho naseNyakatho Carolina. Izindebe zaseMelika zihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo Ukudla komlomo wobuhlalu baseMelikaNgokwakhe enesisindo esingama-2.6 kg, uqhwaku lungadla amagremu ezinhlanzi angama-500 nezinye izilwane zasemanzini ngosuku. Hhayi izinhlanzana ezincane nje kuphela, kepha futhi nezinyoka, amasele, izinambuzane ziba yisisulu senyoni ehlakaniphile. Lapho iqhwa, uqhwaku lumi emanzini amahora amaningi, luphonsa uqhwaku oluvuleke ngaphakathi emanzini. Imilenze emide ikuvumela ukuthi uqhwaqhe kuze kufike ekujuleni kwengxenye yemitha. Ukubona inyoni akubalulekile, kepha umqondo wokuthinta muhle kakhulu. Lapho izwa ukuthi lokho kudla okungenzeka ukubhukuda kuseduze, uqhwaku lushaya ngombani, lubambe futhi lugwinye izilwane elizibambile. Emanzini athule, akadingi nokuba athinte inhlanzi noma isele mayelana “nensimbi” yakhe.
Emini, "umMelika" angadla amahlandla ayi-12, isifiso sakhe sokudla sihle kakhulu. Isidingo sokusinda phakathi kwabaqhudelana abaningi senze le nyoni ivumelane nokuzingela ebusuku, ngoba yandisa amathuba okudoba okuphindwe kayishumi. Ukuzalela inzaloIzinganekwane zokwethembeka komndeni ziyaqinisekiswa - imibhangqwana imvamisa idalelwa impilo yonke. Njengoba isikhula ngokomzimba lapho ineminyaka emine ubudala, iduna lifuna indawo yesidleke, lapho liheha “isigamu sesibili” ngemisindo engafani nhlobo. Ukusuka ngoDisemba kuya ku-Ephreli, isikhathi sokudleka sihlala, lapho udinga ukuba nesikhathi sokuhlala nokondla izingane, zibeke ohlangothini. Imvamisa indawo lapho kukhethwa khona isidleke kumagatsha ezihlahla emi eduze namanzi noma kuwo, kuyi-talnik. Bese kuthi ukwakhiwa kuqalise, kusetshenziswe amagatsha omile, utshani, izinti ezifakwe ngokuqinile nohlaza ziluhlaza. Kuvela esinye isidleke senye, bese kulandela esinye. Kwesinye "isiza" kwesinye isikhathi kufanela izidleke eziyi-10 - 15. Imibhangqwana izobuyela lapha kaninginingi, ngokuhamba kweminyaka eminingana, ukunikeza impilo kwesinye isizukulwane. Ukukhetha komuntu ozoshada naye esikhathini esizayo kungowesifazane. Uma eyithanda le ndawo noyise womndeni uqobo, wehlela eceleni kwakhe bese kuthi isiko lokwazana liqale. Ephakamisa izindebe zazo, amantshontsho kubonakala sengathi afundana, abhekisisa, axhumana. Owesilisa unakekela kakhulu intokazi. Owesifazane ubeka amaqanda amancanyana amane wombala we-beige okhanyayo, ngalinye livela usuku noma ezimbili ngemuva kweledlule. Futhi bobabili umama nobaba bababambile, beshintshana inyanga eyodwa. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzalwa izingane ezingenakusiza ngokuphelele. Kwabazali, kufika isikhathi sezidubedube ngokweqile, ngoba bonke kufanele bondliwe cishe ubusuku nemini. Izingane zidinga ukukhipha ukudla emilonyeni yazo; wonke umuntu udinga ukukulethela izikhathi eziyi-15 noma ngaphezulu ngosuku.
Ngokushoda kokudla, amaphuphu anamandla kuphela, athuthukile angcono azosinda, okwazi ukusunduza abafowethu nodadewethu kude nomlomo womzali. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili kuphela, amaphuphu afanela ngokuphelele futhi aqala ukufunda ukundiza. Share
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