Lokhu manje kunogwaja abanamehlo amakhulu. Izimvu zihlala njengezilwane ezifuywayo ezindlini. Kepha kwakunesikhathi lapho zazikhuliselwe inyama, ikakhulukazi eFrance (uhlobo olwalubizwa ngokuthi yiFrench lop-eared). Kwaba yilapho abazalanisi abavela eHolland maphakathi nekhulu lama-20 beqa lesi simangaliso noDashi omfishane, kwathi lapho kutholwa imvu emfishane.
Kungani ngegama elithi "lop-eared" - wonke umuntu uyaqonda, kufanele ubheke nje ubuso bakhe. Kepha "inqama" idinga incazelo. Iqiniso ngukuthi lesi silwane sinenhlamvu emabunzini, futhi abafuyi banqume ukuthi lokhu sikwenza kufane nesilwane esidumile. Noma, ngombono wethu, onogwaja bokuhlobisa babukeka kahle kakhulu.
Onogwaja AKUSEKHO ngokusemthethweni amagundane. Babelwa umndeni ohlukile we-hare eminyakeni engaphezulu kwe-100 eyedlule. Ngakho-ke, ukubiza inqama yakho encane ukuthi ayisiyiphutha akulungile.
Okudingayo ukugcina unogwaja omfishane
Ukuze uqale, thola indawo yokuhlala inqama yokuhlobisa. Imvamisa, ukukhethwa kwabanikazi kuwela emakhejini, kepha uma isikhala sivuma, unganikeza indawo yezindiza evulekile noma ishelufu - kulula ukunakekela isibaya. Into esemqoka ukuthi kunesikhala esanele sesilwane esincane (cishe i-50x70 cm ngunogwaja owodwa).
Ikheji elinezinduku zensimbi nepallet yepulasitiki yiyona ndlela elula yokunakekelwa. Iqiniso ngukuthi noma yikuphi okokusebenza kweseli, ngaphandle kwensimbi, imvu ye-lop-eared imane nje iququde isikhathi. I-tray yepulasitiki iyathandwa ngoba kulula kakhulu ukuyihlanza.
Uma uthenga ikheji, hlola ngokucophelela ingaphakathi lakhona ukuze uthole imiphetho ebukhali, ama-burrs. Ngenxa yokwakheka kwezindlebe zakho, izimvu zakho ze-lop-eared zingazilimaza kalula. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma kunezinqama ezincane zomvundla ekhejini: ngemuva kokuzalwa, izindlebe zawo ziqondile, njengalezo zabamele abavamile be hares, futhi ziphansi ngokuphelele kuphela ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu.
Ukuze ugcine ukhululekile unogwaja we-wol-ered wenqama, uzodinga futhi:
- Indlu yekheji - i-fluffy yakho yokuhlobisa kumele ibe nook yayo
- Ugqoko wethoyilethi
- Imikhumbi yokudla namanzi (mhlawumbe, ifakwa emgodini)
- Itshe elincane noma amahlumela okugaya amazinyo ezilwane amancane
Musa ukushesha ukuhlela zonke izinto ezingaphakathi kwekheji. Lindela kuze kube yilapho unogwaja ophuma e-toile eya endlini yangasese futhi abeke itreyi kule ndawo - lokhu kuzokwenza lula ukunakekelwa kwezindlu. Beka izitsha zokudla namanzi kude negqoko. Ngaphandle kwalokho, imvu yokuhlobisa izonquma yona ukuthi iyini “indlu yangasese” ye “fenisha”, futhi umbono wayo uvame ukungahambisani nombono womniniyo.
Ayikho indlela yokwenza ngaphandle kwe-nook.
Ukuhamba unogwaja wokuhlobisa
Unogwaja onqenqemeni wenqama awukwazi ukuhlala uvaliwe ngaso sonke isikhathi; udinga ukuhamba nsuku zonke. Isikhathi ngasinye, noma nini lapho kungenzeka, khipha isilwanyana esimfushane ukuba sigijime efulethini. Asikhuthazi ukuhamba emgwaqweni: ubungozi bokubamba izifo namagciwane kuphezulu kakhulu kunenzuzo yomoya omusha. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthatha isilwane ukuze "ubone umhlaba", thola i-leash ekhethekile (i-harness) ekhethekile ukuze unogwaja omfushane ungabaleki lapho kungafanele.
Ungayondla kanjani inqama yokuhlobisa
Isisekelo sokudla kwama-sung-eared onogwaja bezimvu ngotshani obomile (hay). Kufanele kube njalo: kungcono ukufaka i-sennik ekhethekile ekhejini, lapho kuzoba khona okutholakalayo.
Ingxenye yesibili ebaluleke kakhulu yokudla kwenqama yokuhlobisa ngamabele. Ungathenga ingxube eyenziwe ngomumo esitolo noma uhlanganise okuphakelayo ngokwakho. Izici eziyinhloko zalokhu okuphakelayo:
Imvamisa umlimi angangeza amantongomane nezithelo ezomisiwe. Kungcono kakhulu uma okuphakelayo kwacetshiswa ngokushesha ngamavithamini namaminerali.
Uma isilwane esimfushane singaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala, ungangeza kwimenyu:
- Imifino entsha (ngamanani amancane)
- Izithelo (kancane kakhulu, njengempatho kunokudla okuphambili)
- Utshani (omisiwe, abakhethiweyo)
Nazi izindlela zokupheka zamaswidi ezilwane sakho.
Ungayinakekela kanjani isilwane esifuywayo
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinqama zokuhlobisa "izinqama ze-lop-eared" azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, kepha kwesinye isikhathi udinga ukubasiza ukuba bazigcine behlelekile.
- Lokhu ikakhulukazi kuthinta izindlebe. Udinga ukuwahlanza njalo, ngoba ngenxa yokwakheka okuthile, inqama emfishane ayikwazi ukukwenza lokhu ngokwayo, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa.
- Akudingekile ukugeza umvundla we-lop-eared wenqama, udinga ukwenza lokhu kuphela uma ungcolisa kakhulu noma ngemuva kokuhudula.
- Amacala kufanele ancitshwe lapho ekhula. Isilwane esimfushane singazigaya ngokwaso, kepha isembozo saphansi siyohlupheka kakhulu kulokhu - kungcono ukuzinakekela uzipho lwakho.
- Ungahlanganisa njalo unogwaja wokuhlobisa, ikakhulukazi uma ijazi lide. Ukunakekelwa okunjalo akuyithinti ngqo inhlala-kahle yakhe nempilo yakhe, kepha kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukubukeka kwakhe.
![](http://img.thinkfirsttahoe.org/img/imag-2020/2210/uxod-vislouxim-krolikom-AAE9.jpg)
Izifo zemivundla emfushane nokuthi ziphila kanjani
Uma iwundlu lakho elihlobisa lingahambi ngokungalawuleki emgwaqweni, lidla ngendlela efanele futhi lithola ukunakekelwa okuhle, khona-ke izifo eziningi ezisongela onogwaja ababalekile zingagwenywa kalula. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, thintana nodokotela wakho wezilwane ngokushesha uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Uzwela, ukungafuni ukuhamba nokushiya isitokisi
- Ukwenqatshwa kokudla namanzi
- Isifo sohudo
- Noma yiziphi izinkinga ngejazi (elimanzi, liyaphuma, lilahlekile lilahlekile nombala)
- Ukukhishwa kuvela emehlweni
- Ukushisa kancane
Sincoma kakhulu ukuthi ungazenzi ngokwakho isifo, futhi ikakhulukazi ukuthi ungazami ukwelapha isilwane esihlobisa. Ekuqaleni, uze ufike kudokotela wezilwane, faka isibaya esincane ekudleni (uma unamahora angaphansi kwayi-12 ngaphambi kokuvakashela kwakho, awukwazi ukudla lutho). Izifo eziningi zomvundla wokuhlobisa ziqala ngenxa yezinkinga ekusebenzeni kwamapheshana emathunjini, ngakho-ke kungcono ukungawugqithisi ngaphambi kokutholwa kokuxilongwa.
Ngokulungiswa okufanele nokunakekelwa okufanele, iwundlu lakho elimfushane lizophila kalula kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-9, futhi mhlawumbe nangaphezulu (abagqugquzeli bafinyelela ku-12).
Ukondleka okungasebenzi kahle kungaholela emiphumeleni emnandi enjalo ngendlela yokukhuluphala.
Ungawuthinta kanjani umvundla wokuhlobisa
Isilwane se-wolop ye-Lop-eared sinhle kakhulu, kepha sinenkani ngokulinganayo. Ungenza njengomdlwane, imidlalo efunayo, noma njengezinyane lekati, ecela ukufuya. Kepha ngokwezigaba zenqaba ukulalela ama-oda futhi, ikakhulukazi, nodlame. Lokhu akusho ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuqeqesha unogwaja wokuhlobisa, kepha kuzothatha isikhathi nokubekezela.
Uma kuphakama izinkinga kusukela ekuqaleni (akafuni ukushiya ikheji, wesaba izandla), bese uqala ukukhokhela isilwanyana esincane esimfushane kancane kancane. Ngaphandle kwemisindo ebukhali nemizamo yokuphuma ngamandla endlini. Ubolekwe ngokuphatha (kepha kungenzeki lutho ezinkanjini uqobo lwayo - le yindawo yayo), zibeke phambi komnyango. Ekuqaleni, ake umuthi wokuhlobisa uthathe ukudla ubaleke, uzokujwayela kancane kancane.
Uma inqama ye-lop-eared izama ukukukuluma, ungayishayi futhi ungakhali - ngokucindezela ikhanda lakho phansi, kepha ungalimazi. Lokhu kungonogwaja bemvelo - owesilisa ovelele ucindezela izelamani ezigabadelayo ziye phansi, okukhombisa ukuthi ubani umphathi endlini.
Woza nesidlaliso esimfushane esimfushane, futhi usibize njalo. Isilwane sizojwayela igama nezwi lakho, futhi sizosabela ngokuthula kumniniyo.
Ukuhlobisa onogwaja kunzima ukuqeqesha, kepha ungafundisa amaqhinga alula. Isibonelo, yima imilenze engemuva. Gcina ukwelashwa okuphakeme futhi unikeze iqembu (isibonelo, "khonza"). Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubumnandi abusenakuthathwa, futhi umyalo uzokwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kancane kancane, ungadlulela ekuvivinyweni okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe.
Yebo ngiyakhonza, ngikhonza ... Ikuphi ikherothi?!
Into esemqoka ukuqhuba amakilasi kuphela uma inqama yokuhlobisa isuthisiwe futhi ifuna ukudlala. Uma unogwaja omfushane uthukuthelisiwe, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuhlehlisa ukuqeqeshwa kuze kube yilapho ujabule. Konke kufanele kubanjwe ngendlela yomdlalo.
Ungayikhetha kanjani unogwaja wenqama omncane
Uma wena uqobo ungahambisani kakhulu nokuzalela okuncane, kungcono ukuthenga izilwane ezihlobisayo ezitolo zezilwane ezinedumela elihle. Ezinganeni, izindlebe zamawundlu zinamathela, njengawo wonke umuntu, noma kuphi emakethe yezinyoni zingashona noma yini.
Nakisisa uvolo - akumele kube khona amabala we-bald, imihuzuko nanoma isiphi esinye isici. Akufanele kube nokukhishwa okuvela emehlweni. Ngokufanelekile, uma ingane uqobo isebenza, ingesabi abantu beyigqolozela - isiqinisekiso sokuthi uhlobo lwengane yokuhlobisa luzokwenza kube lula ukuxhumana naye.
Kunqunywe kuhlobo lokuzalela?
Ngabe uyawuthanda umbono wokuba ne-wol-eared rabbit-ram? Uma ungaqiniseki, funda esizeni sethu mayelana nokugcinwa kwezinye izinhlobo ezibandayo, ukunakekelwa kwazo. Ungabathanda kakhulu. Ungakhohlwa ukubhalisela izaziso namaqembu ethu ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi - kuzoba nezinto eziningi ezithokozisayo!
Uzobuya futhi?
I-warwar lop-eared ram inqama noma inqama emfishane
Ukuzalela eza kithi kusuka eJalimane njengamanje uhlobo lohlobo oludumile kakhulu lokuhlobisa onogwaja. Njengoba ukuzalela ngokuphelele kunempilo enhle namandla, kufanelekile kakhulu kubaqalayo nezingane. Ngokwemvelo, zi-phlegmatic kancane, zinobungane kumuntu, zihlangana kahle namakati nezinja.
Banesisindo esilingana no-1.7-1.9 kg, ubude bomzimba buyi-30-35 cm.Baphila cishe iminyaka eyi-7-9. Isici esiyinhloko salokhu kuhlukahluka izindlebe ezilengayo ezinhlangothini zekhanda lobude obuphakathi. Umzimba ubumbene. Ikhanda labesilisa likhulu ngokwanele futhi libanzi, izinsikazi zinhle ngokwengeziwe, amehlo aphakathi ngosayizi, ikhanda liyindilinga kancane, kepha alifushane. Izinhlobo zizala igama elithi “inqama” noma “Ama-Aries” ngenxa yokufana nokugoqa izimvu
Isisindo esilinganiselwe semvu emidala yabadala yi-1,6 kg, isisindo esijwayelekile siyi-1.7-1.9 kg, kanti isisindo esingu-2.2 kg. Lokhu kucishe kube amaphakethe owodwa nohhafu kuya kwama-groats amabili esitolo. Izilwane ezinkulu zibhekwa njengezilwane ezingezona ezasemthethweni futhi azisetshenziswa abakhiqizi ngokuzalanisa. Ezitolo zezilwane, izimakethe zezinyoni kanye namabhodi emiyalezo, zivame ukuthengisa ama-mestizos ngezindlebe ezivulekile, zibabiza ngokuthi zihlobisa, kepha lokhu akunjalo, lezi yizilwane ezingenacala ezingafinyelela ku-3-4 kg ngesisindo (njengonogwaja wenyama ojwayelekile).
Izingane ngezinsuku ezingama-45, ngesikhathi sokuthengisa zinesisindo esingama-450-500 amagremu - lokhu kungaphansi kwesisindo sesinkwa. Ngezinyanga ezintathu bakala cishe i-1 kg kuthi ngonyaka bathole isisindo sabo esikhulu. Onogwaja abakhishwayo, abavame ukuba bakhulu ezinsukwini ezingama-45-60 ubudala, bangaba nesisindo esingu-600-1000 kg, ngakho abathengisi abangenangqondo bakhipha onogwaja abasemasontweni amathathu izinyanga ezimbili. Zinezindlebe ezimfishane futhi ezingawi, zilala zikhala futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi.
SIZE
Ubude bomzimba womvundla we-lop-eared omdala bungaba ngu-30-35 cm, ocishe ube njengezibaya ezimbili ze-ballpoint. Ubukhulu bomvundla wengane eneminyaka engama-45 ubudala buyi-15-20 cm.
Esithombeni, isibaya somhlobiso wabantu abadala usayizi wezinyane lekati elinganiselwa ezinyangeni ezine.
Esithombeni, kuthengiswa unogwaja omncane osayizi benyanga nenyanga noma izinyanga ezimbili.
INDLELA YOKUTHENGA MANJE
Izindlebe ezinyangeni ezimbili kufanele zilale kahle. Kwesinye isikhathi indlebe eyodwa ingavuka ekwesabeni noma ekulaleleni, kepha bese iwa lapho isilwane sehlisa umoya.
Uma zombili izindlebe zinamathela, kungenzeka ukuthi akuyona unogwaja onamehlo, inqama, kodwa imestizo engezwakali izindlebe zayo.
Bheka ukulunywa kwamazinyo kunogwaja wokuhlobisa. Esimweni esijwayelekile, isikhafu siyaluma, okungukuthi, amazinyo aphezulu asondele ngaphambili, kuthi aphansi ngemuva kwaphezulu.
Uma isilwane sinamazinyo aphansi ngaphambili, khona-ke lokhu kukhombisa ukukhula kwamazinyo okungalungile futhi kuzoba nezinkinga eziningi ngesilwane esinjalo ngokuzayo.
Isilwane esiphilile sinamehlo ahlanzekile, ikhala, izitho zangasese nezinwele. Izinyawo zingase ziphuzi kancane kusuka ku-hay noma sawdust, kepha zingcolile.
Izinwele ezingcolile, ukuphuma emzimbeni, izindlebe, impumulo, izinwele ezingcolile ezizungeze izitho zangasese kukhombisa izinkinga zempilo.
Unogwaja ngesikhathi sokuthengisa uyasebenza, ngamehlo amakhulu, enempilo, kepha hhayi ukuvuvukala, ukuhlikihla lapho uwuthatha. Ekuqaleni, angaba nokwesaba abantu abasha, kepha ngokushesha uqala ukuba nesithakazelo kuwo wonke umuntu, uthanda ukugijima nokugxuma.
Ayizimele, ingane, ilele ngaso sonke isikhathi, ivala amehlo, ilala isikhathi esiningi. Izindlebe zezilwane ezinjalo zisalokhu zimbi.
Khombisa iklasi
Izilwane eziseduzane nokuzalanisa okuhle zibizwa nge-show class, ziyabiza kakhulu. Kufanele zibe nombala ojwayelekile kanye nomzimba ofanelekile onekhompiyutha enhle nenhloko ebanzi nezinhloko ezinhle ezibanzi, ezitholakala ngokushesha ngemuva kwamehlo unogwaja. Ngaphezulu kwekhanda ezansi kwezindlebe kukhona umqhele okuthiwa wumqhele. Kufanele kube banzi futhi kuhlanganiswe.
Isigaba sokuzala
Izimvu eziluhlaza zesigaba samabhuloho, lezi yizilwane ezinamaphutha ahlukahlukene, kepha avumelekile ekuzaleni. Isibonelo, isisindo esiphezulu sohlobo lokuzalela, ikhanda elincane, umqhele nezindlebe ezitholakala ngokungeyikho ekhanda, umzimba omude, amaphutha ngombala, njll. Kepha lezi zilwane zingasetshenziswa futhi kufanele zisetshenziswe ekuzaleni, ngoba zingapha inzalo yesigaba sombukiso. Izilwane ezinjalo zinentengo ephansi kancane kunaleso sigaba sombukiso.
Isigaba sezilwane zasekhaya
Onogwaja bezilwane zasekhaya banentengo ephansi kunazo zonke. Isilwane sasekhaya isilwane, okungukuthi, asilungele ukuzalaniswa kuhlobo lokuzalela. Bangaba nombala ongaziwa noma ukungapheleli ekuzaleni. Isibonelo, ikhanda elincane, elide, izindlebe ezimile, ezingafakwanga kahle, ukuntuleka komqhele, umzimba ongafanele, nosayizi omkhulu. Kodwa-ke, zingaba nempilo ngokuphelele.
Ubumbano
Intengo yomvundla we-lop-eared yemvu enombala onqabile ingaba phezulu kunalezilwane ezinombala ojwayelekile, yize ikhwalithi ingaba ngaphansi. Isibonelo, ezweni lethu, imibala engavamile ifaka i-cheetah, i-Blue Siamese, i-marder eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ubomvu, indawo yokuhlala njll. Bangabiza kakhulu kunezilwane zesigaba sombala ojwayelekile.
Umlando wokuzala
UCharles Darwin ukhulume nangonogwaja abangajwayelekile bezinhlwayi, ogama labo likamisa lilingana nekhanda lenqama. Kwakunguye owaqamba incazelo yokuqala yohlobo lwaseFrance. Kodwa-ke, imvu emincane njengamanje ivele muva nje. Babelwa abafuyi baseDashi maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, bewela umugqa waseFrance onogwaja abancane bokuhlobisa.
Ngo-1964, lo mjaho waqashelwa ngokusemthethweni. Kusukela lapho, laba onogwaja abahle, abanjengezinsimbi ezinqobayo baye bazuza izinhliziyo zabafuyi abaningi emhlabeni jikelele.
Izici zangaphandle nomlingiswa
Naphezu kokubukeka kwayo okuncane, unogwaja omfishane onomzimba oqinile. Ukuzalela kwehlukaniswa yisifuba ebanzi, intamo emfushane, i-nape ehlonishwayo kanye ne-convex frontal bone. Ukukhula kwesilwane esidala kungafinyelela ku-30 cm. Kulokhu, "iwundlu" linomzimba oyindilinga oyindilinga, amehlo amakhulu nomsila omncane. Kepha inzuzo eyinhloko yalawa madoda abukekayo izindlebe zawo, ezifana nezicucu ezimbili zamahashe ezicindezelwe emakhanda.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi onogwaja abancane bazalwa benamadlebe amahle. Baqala ukukhula futhi bawe ngezinqubo zokukhula. Ngezinyanga ezintathu, ubude bawo bufika ku-25 cm. Isisindo esifanele sesilwane singamakhilogremu amabili. Abesifazane kusuka kwabesilisa bahlukaniswa ngosayizi omncane nokuntuleka kwesivikelo sesifuba.
Onke amawundlu amancanyana abe noboya obuthambile afike ku-18 mm ubude. Kepha umbala wezilwane wehluke kakhulu. Kukhona izingane ezinombala omhlophe, omnyama, wempungushe, owesatshwayo, ongama-chinchilla, ongulule, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngisho nombala opal. Kunezinhlobo zezinwele ezinde nezinwele ezimfushane. Futhi muva nje, onogwaja abene-mane yebhubesi le-chic baye bavuswa.
Izinhlamvu ezesabekayo zinomusa. Bajwayela abantu kalula, baphendule othandweni futhi baba yingxenye yemidlalo yezingane. Isikhathi sokuphila kwesilwane esifuywayo sincike kwikhwalithi yokunakekelwa kwazo. Ezimweni ezinhle, unogwaja angaphila iminyaka engu-7-16.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa
Unogwaja omncane onesihlwathi uyathandeka ekunakekelweni.Noma kunjalo, lobu buhle obunamakhaza busalokhu buseyimichilo. Ngakho-ke, ukubayekela indawo yokuhamba, kuyasiza ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi amadokhumenti owadingayo awangeni ngendlela yezihambi ezikholekayo, futhi futhi uwafihla kahle wonke izintambo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngemuva komunye wale midlalo, uthola ubungozi bokushiywa ngaphandle kocingo noma i-Intanethi.
Ikheji kanye netiye
Inqama yedwarf ihlala kahle kunoma iyiphi ikheji elibanzi. Kepha uma ufuna ukwenza impilo yezilwane zasekhaya ibe ntofontofo, landela le mithetho:
- Ubukhulu obufanele bendlu kanogwaja ngamamitha ayi-0.5 - 0,7.
- Ngaphakathi, udinga ukuhlinzeka ngengane evaliwe yengane, lapho ingaphumula khona.
- Lapho ukhetha indawo yeseli, naka umoya omncane. Onogwaja abayithandi okusalungiswa, kepha igumbi kufanele lishiswe umoya.
- Zama ukunikeza izingane ukukhanya okwanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zombili futhi zemvelo.
- Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekuhlelweni kwendlu yangasese. Amawundlu angama-dwarf ayizilwane ezihlanzekile impela, ngakho-ke azokuya endaweni eyodwa ekhethiwe. Lapho bese ubeka ugqoko.
- Ezithweni zezilwane ezifuywayo, ungathenga amathreyi amancane abunxantathu abekwe ekhoneni lekheji.
- Lezi onogwaja bayashesha futhi banqwabelana. Lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho uthenga isitsha nesitsha sokudla. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ihlala isikhathi eside futhi ihleliwe kahle.
- Ikheji nethreyini kufanele kuhlanzwe nsuku zonke. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kwesilwane ezifweni nasekuthelelekeni.
Izinwele nokunakekelwa kwenhliziyo
Unogwaja we-lop-eared akadingi noma yiziphi izinqubo ezikhethekile zokunakekelwa kwezinwele. Uyokwazi ukubhekana nalokhu ngokwakhe. Ukuphela kwento umnikazi okudingeka ayenze ukukhipha unogwaja ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa. Futhi engeza ekudleni kwakhe isidlo esikhethekile sokukhula koboya.
Kepha amacele wesilwane kufanele athungulwe okungenani kanye ezinyangeni ezintathu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thenga isisiki se-claw ekhethekile. Ukuze ungalimazi isilwane, bonaka umugqa osikiwe ngaphezulu kwezinwele ezinde kunazo zonke onyaweni. Uma ungazisiki izingulule zomntwana, khona-ke uzoqala ukukwenza yedwa, emba izimbobo phansi kwekhokho.
Ukuhlanzeka kanye nokuhanjiswa
Lapho ukuthomba kwenzeka, imvu ye-lop-eared iqala ukushesha lapho iya ekheji, imaka indawo, iyeka ukudlala futhi isebenzise amathoyizi angenasisekelo. Ngakho-ke, uma ungahleleli ukuzalela lo mzala, inketho enhle kunazo zonke ukuthunyelwa kwesilwane.
Ungabulala inzalo lapho usumdala. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa kuzoba nzima kakhulu, futhi ukululama kuzothatha isikhathi eside.
Ungayondla kanjani imvu ye-lop-eared
Ingxenye eyinhloko yokudla konogwaja yakhiwa ngemifino, izithelo, imifino emisha neyomile, nokudla okuhlanganisiwe kokuzalela okuncane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hay ekhejini kufanele ihlale njalo. Kungenxa yokudla kwezilwane nokudoti, kanye nohlobo lwe-aromatherapy.
Njengokwelapha, ungaphatha unogwaja wenqama ngama-oats nama-kernel kernels noma ngezithelo ezomile. Kodwa-ke, akufanele ukwenze lokhu kaningi.
Ukuphatha okusebenzisekayo kwesilwane esinezilwane ezinde okuzoba ngamagatsha ezihlahla zezithelo, ancishwe emigoqweni yethenisi. Mayelana nabo unogwaja uzokwazi ukugaya amazinyo.
Ukugxila ikakhulukazi kufanele kukhokhwe ekunakekelweni kwamawundlu. Kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha, izinsana akufanele zinikezwe imifino emisha, ingasaphathwa eyezithelo. Izisu zazo ezincane azikwazi ukukugaya. Zinciphise ku-hay futhi uzondle.
Onogwaja kufanele bondliwe amahlandla ama-3 ngosuku, izingxenye ezincane, cishe isipuni esisodwa sokudla. Izilwane ezindala zidla ukudla okwanele kabili ngosuku nezipuni zokudla.
Udinga futhi ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi onogwaja bahlala benamanzi amasha. Abafuyi abazikhuthazi ukuthambisa iwundlu ngamanzi ompompi. Kungcono ukuyivumela ukuba ime noma isebenzise ibhodlela.
Ukuzala umhlambi omncane
Ukuze zizalwe, abantu abaphilile bahambisana ngokuphelele nezinga lokuzalela. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukuzijwayela ngezimpawu zabo ngokuningiliziwe.
Okokuqala, isilwane kumele sithole isilinganiso saso. Futhi ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele akhethe i-pair efanele. Abafuyi batusa ukukhetha onogwaja bombala ofanayo. Lokho kuzonciphisa ubungozi bokuthola inzalo engeyona ejwayelekile. Into esemqoka ukuthi izilwane azinawo amaphutha afanayo.
Owesifazane olungele ukufaka umquba ufakwa ekhejini kuya kowesilisa. Futhi ngokushesha ngemuva kokugoba uthatha.
Ukukhulelwa kumvundla wonogwaja uhlala izinsuku ezingaba ngu-30. Sonke lesi sikhathi udinga ukondliwa okulingene nokunakekelwa.
Isonto ngaphambi kokuzala, insikazi yenza uhlobo lwedleke ngokuxuba hay nayo phansi. Kungcono ukuhlomisa ikheji ngebhokisi elikhethekile ngalesi sikhathi.
Elahleni lomvundla, kuzalwa amawundlu angaboni nane angaboni. Insikazi iyazikhotha, izondle futhi izimboze phansi. Isiko elinjalo lenziwa ngunogwaja-umama kanye ngosuku. Isikhathi sonke, izingane zodwa.
Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, onogwaja bayovula amehlo abo. Ezinsukwini ezingama-40 ngemuva kokuzalwa, insikazi ilahlekelwe ubisi, futhi lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala sokuthi amawundlu akhiwe futhi angabheka abanikazi abasha.
Izifo nokugoma kohlobo
Kubalulekile kakhulu ukunakekela impilo yezilwane ezifuywayo. Ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala yokuphila, onogwaja badinga ukuvikeleka ku-coccidiosis kanye ne-helminths. Futhi ezinsukwini ezingama-30 ukuya kwengama-40 kufanele kugonywe ezifweni ezingelapheki (myxomatosis kanye ne-HBV). Ngokuzayo, ukugoma kumele kwenziwe kanye ngonyaka. Ikakhulu uma uhlela ukukhipha isilwane edolobheni.
Uma isilwane sakho esinezintambo ezinde siphelelwe ngumdla. UWool ulahlekelwe yisifiso sangaphambili. Futhi unogwaja ngokwawo waba obabayo futhi wangasebenzi. Lezi yizimpawu eziqinisekile zokuthi isilwane siyagula. Futhi kufanele ufune izeluleko kudokotela wezilwane.
Ungayithenga kanjani unogwaja omuhle we-lop-eared
Thenga onogwaja okuhlobisa eneminyaka engu-izinyanga ezimbili. Kodwa-ke, lapho ukhetha imvu yakho ye-lop-eared, kufanele unake izici ezilandelayo:
- Lapho sezinezinyanga ezimbili ubudala, zombili izindlebe kufanele zehliswe enganeni. Unogwaja usengakhulisa enye yazo kuphela lapho enesifiso sokuthile.
- Unogwaja omfushane ophilile unamehlo ahlanzekile, impumulo, isitho sangasese kanye nejazi elithambile. Emilenzeni, ingahle iphuzi kancane kusuka ku-hay kanye ne-sawdust. Into esemqoka ukuthi akufanele kube khona ama-pellets kanye nezixha zokungcola.
- Ukulunywa kwesilwane kufana nesikhafu. Kwinqama emincane enempilo, amazinyo aphezulu angaphambili, futhi angaphansi ngemuva kwawo. Uma i-incisors ephansi iphuma, kusho ukuthi isilwane sinokulimala okungalungile futhi izinkinga zesikhathi esizayo ngamazinyo zingenzeka.
- Isilwane ngaleso sikhathi sokuthengisa kufanele siphile kahle, sisheshe futhi sibe nelukuluku. I-bunny encane elele futhi enamahloni ayikakakhuli futhi kusesekuseni kakhulu ukuyicosha kumama.
Intengo yonogwaja
Izindleko zikanogwaja onogwaja ongahlelekile zithengiswa kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inzalo isakazekile. Futhi ekungcoleni kwesifazane, kungazalwa amawundlu angama-5.
Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kufanele unqume ukuthi ukhetha isilwane esidliwayo noma uzosiza ngokuzalanisa. Ngemuva kwakho konke, intengo incike ekilasini lesilwane.
- Khombisa onogwaja beklasi kuzoba okubiza kakhulu, ngoba laba bantu basondele ekuzaleni okuhle. Anombala ojwayelekile (omnyama, omnyama nomhlophe, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma obomvu), olinganiselayo womzimba nezindlebe ezinde, enohlobo lokubekwa phansi, olufana nomqhele. Ngokwesilinganiso, inqama ebukisa ngezigaba ezibunjiwe ibiza kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-3 000 kuye kwangama-8,000.
- Intengo ephakeme kakhulu, efinyelela kuma-ruble ayi-10,000, uzokhokhela imvu eyindilinga yombala onqabile.
- Izimvu zomakoti zinamaphutha acashile kodwa amukelekile. Isibonelo, umzimba ophakeme, umqhele ongaphelele, noma ukuphambuka ngombala. Onogwaja abanjalo babiza kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-1,500 kuya kwangama-3,000.
- Eshibhile kunazo zonke (kufika kuma-ruble ayi-1000) "wezimvu" zesigaba sezilwane. Azilungele ukuzalaniswa, kodwa zinazo zonke izici ezinhle zewundana elimfushane. Izilwane ezinjengalezi ezifuywayo ekahle.
Unogwaja wokuhlobisa uyindlela enhle kune-puppy noma kitten. Le ngane izogcwalisa indlu injabulo nokuhleka. Futhi izoba ngumqinisekisi onokwethenjelwa wesimo esihle sengqondo.
Umlando Wokuzala
Ukuzalela konogwaja “inqama eyi-Dwarf” kwavela ngenxa yokuzalaniswa kwezinhlobo ezimbili: abantu abafiphele kanye nonogwaja be-lop-eared French. Lokhu kuzalanisa kwasheshe kwathandwa emhlabeni wonke: usayizi omncane wezilwane ezinobuso be- "mutton" zashaywa ngobuhle bawo nobuhle bawo.
Okokuqala ngqa onogwaja laba baziwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. E-Russia, lokhu kuzalaniswa kwathandwa kakhulu ngabo-2000, ngenxa yokudalwa kwama-kennels amaningana nezilwane ezingeniswe ezivela eYurophu.
Ukubukeka
Uhlobo lokuhlobisa lonogwaja "inqama ye-Dwarf" lunomzimba othakazelisa kakhulu, onokuvumela ukuthi ukhombe lo mhlobo ngaphandle kolwazi namakhono akhethekile. Izilwane ezifuywayo zinesifuba esibanzi, ukuma komzimba wesilinda nentambo emfushane.
Isigaxa sonogwaja abanjena sifana ne "mvana." Izilwane zinobucwebecwebe obunamandla, obubanzi, nebunzi le-convex. Imibuthano engemuva eyindilinga, amehlo amakhulu, umsila omncane - izidalwa ezinhle kangaka azinakushiya noma ngubani engenandaba.
Izindlebe ezinde zingenye uphawu lokuthengisa lohlobo, kanye nokwakheka kwesifumbu. Izindlebe zomuntu okhulile zingafinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angama-25. Onogwaja bezingane bazalwa ngezindlebe eziqondile, ezihamba kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi lapho sezinezinyanga ezintathu sezivele zilenga, zicindezelwe kakhulu ekhanda.
Izinwele zonogwaja zithambile kakhulu uma zithintwa, zinemibala eminingi nobude obuhlukahlukene. Izinwele "zewundlu" elinezinwele ezinde ziba kakhulu i-fox noma i-angora. Okuvame kakhulu kukhona mnyama nokumhlophe nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Futhi, abameleli bohlobo bavame ukutholakala ngemibala ephuzi, e-sable, noma ye-chinchilla.
Ukukhiqiza
Izinhlobo zohlobo lwe- “Dwarf ram” zithathwa njengokuhlobisa, kepha umkhiqizo walezi zilwanyana uphezulu impela. Ungazalela nalawo marabi ukuze uqhubeke nokusebenzisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, vele uthenge i-pair eyodwa yamalitha ahlukile.
Kwelitha elilodwa, onogwaja bangazalwa kusuka kwezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa.
Ukushisa
Ngokwemvelo, onogwaja bayizilwane ezinelukuluku kakhulu. Kunzima ukuzilawula, zinomoya wokufuna ukwazi futhi ongabikhona. Isilwane ngasinye salolu hlobo luhlukaniswa ngezimpawu zomuntu ngamunye. Ukuzimela kanye nokukhohlisa kuyizimfanelo eziyinhloko zezinhlamvu "zezinqama", yize zinamathele kakhulu kubanikazi.
Onogwaja balolu hlobo lokuzwana bahlangana kahle nabantu. Uma unaka unogwaja ngokwanele, uyokhula angondile futhi amthande, futhi uzomthatha lowo muntu njengomngane wakhe. Vele, okuningi kuxhomeke kumnikazi nakwisimo sonogwaja. Ukulibala kungathatha amasonto ambalwa.
Incazelo yenqama yohlobo lweDwarf inqama
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zonogwaja abancane be-lop-eared, abahlanganiswe ngegama elijwayelekile "inqama emfushane." Isibonelo:
- I-Mini Lop - Izimvu ezimfishane zesiNgisi, zinekhanda elikhulu lesikwele, izindlebe ezimfishane eziqinile nezidladla ezinamandla.
- I-NHD - inqama emfishane yamaDashi (iNederlandse Hangoor Dwerg). Banekhanda eliyindilinga, amehlo amakhulu, izindlebe ezimfushane namawele anamandla.
- I-ZWW - inqama emfishane yaseJalimane (izinhlobo ezincane), ithathwa njengemidala.
Namuhla, izimvu ezimfishane zivame kakhulu emhlabeni wonke futhi cishe akukho mbukiso owenziwa ngaphandle kwazo. Emazweni amaningi (lapho onogwaja befuya khona), lezi zingane ezinama-lop-ered ziphakathi kwezinhlobo eziyishumi ezithandwa kakhulu zonogwaja bokuhlobisa.
Unogwaja wenqama yedwarf - isithombe
Izithombe zokuhlobisa zonogwaja "Dwarf ram" (NHD).
Izithombe zomvundla wenqama omncane (NHD).
Unogwaja we-dwarf lop-eared - isithombe (NHD).
Zonke izithombe ezisetshenziswe kule ndatshana zithathwe eNederlandse Hangoor Dwergen Club (Facebook) ikilabhu leqembu labathandi bezimvukazi bezikhumba abasebenza kude.
Isithombe seDashif Ram (NHD).
Izithombe zonogwaja abancane (NHD).
Isithombe senqama emnyama yezinqama (NHD).
Isimilo
Izimvu ezine-Lop-elered ziyasabela othandweni lwabantu, ngesimo sobungane kuzo zihlukaniswa ngemikhuba yazo yokuthanda ukuthula nesimo esihle kakhulu.
Akusizi ukukhubekisa izingane ezinamahloni, ucabanga ukuthi azikwazi ukuzenzela ngokwazo. Onogwaja abanonile bangakuluma kabuhlungu. Ikati, isilwane esinjalo somndeni esinjalo siba nzima impela.
Onogwaja bayizilwane eziqaphile kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukujwayela umnikazi omusha kuyenzeka kancane kancane. Imizamo yokudonsa ngamandla i-ered ekhejini izomethusa kuphela.
Ukucasha ekhoneni elikude kakhulu, isilwane sizoqaphela ukuqaphela izandla zomuntu. Kungcono ukuvula umnyango wekati, ulinde buthule, ngenkathi ilukuluku lemvelo le-bunny lidlula umuzwa wokwesaba futhi lifuna ukunamathela ekhaleni lakhe emnyango ovulekile.
Udinga ukusondela ekheji ngezinyathelo ezolile, ngaphandle kokuhamba okubukhali nokushisayo kwezandla zakho. Isilwane esifuywayo singaba nesifiso sokuphathwa okumnandi, ngezwi elinobungane, elizolile, likhuluma naye ngasikhathi sinye.
Unogwaja obonisa ulaka ngokweqile kufanele acindezelwe ngobumnene phansi phansi ngesandla sakhe. Unogwaja ugxuma phezu kwesilwane ukunqoba ophikisana naye. Ngomnyakazo onjalo, umuntu ukhombisa ukuthi amandla asohlangothini lwakhe, aphoqa isilwane ukuthi sihlukanise amalungelo obuholi kumniniwo.
Esikhathini sakhe sokuphumula, umvundla wenqama wokuhlobisa uthanda ukumba ongaphansi kanye nemigodi, agxume emhlabathini ophakeme, enze izindlela ezinde zokuya emhubheni, ngokujaha izinto ezinqenqemeni ezincane nokugoqa izinto, aklebhule konke okuvela kumazinyo.
Uma kungekho amathoyizi afanele, isilwane esidlalwayo singakhipha ulwelwesi, sisuse isithombe sangemuva esidwetshwe udonga, futhi sihlukanise iphephandaba elisaphazeke ngokushesha.
Ngokuzijabulisa konogwaja, ungathenga noma wakhe imibhoshongo, imigudu, izindlu, obhasikidi ngokwakho. Ingxenye yamathoyizi angadluliselwa emgodini we-eared. Ungaphazamisa ukunaka kwesilwane esidlale ngokwanele ngepilisi emnandi bese siyibuyisela kancane ekhephini. Kubaluleke kubantu izinto endaweni yokudlala akufanele kube.
Umlando womsuka
Izici zangaphandle zokuziphatha konogwaja be-lop-eared ziheha abafuyi abaningi. Ukweluka okuncane okwandisiwe kancane kwezindlebe nezindlebe eziguqulwe ngaphakathi kwezindlebe kubanikeza kufana nezinqama. UCharles Darwin, obuye wahlangana nezinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane ezihlukile ezikhathini ezithile lapho ehambela, ukhulume ngezimvu ezibunjiwe emibhalweni yakhe.
Ngekhulu le-18, lapho kunqunywa onogwaja abancane kanye nezinqola zaseFrance ezi-e-ered, kwase kuzalwa izinqama zomvundla. Ngo-1950, abakhiqizi baseDashi bavimba izinhlobo zokuqala ezimfishane. Umhlaba wafunda ngohlobo olusha oluhehayo lomvundla ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2, ngemuva kwalokho ukunqotshwa ngokushesha kwamawundlu we-lop-eared emazweni aseYurophu.
Kuphela ngo-1997 lokhu kuzalaniswa kwaziwa eRussia. Emadolobheni amakhulu aseRussia, izithombo zokuqala zalolu hlobo lokuzalwa zazisanda kuqala ukuvela. E-Europe nase-USA kuleminyaka, lezi zimvu ezinama-lop-eared zazikhuliswa ngamandla nangekhulu.
Abafuyi ekuqaleni kokuhlolwa kwabo bahlangabezane nobunzima obuthile. Izindlebe zenqama encane emincane ayihlukile ngobukhulu nangobude. Ngalesi sizathu, bema babheke ngqo kulaba bantu, kunokuba balengiswe.
Ukusebenza kanzima nokucwaninga okugcwele kusize ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo. Lapho nje iminyaka yobudala bomsakazi omfushane isondela emavikini ayi-12, izindlebe zinamathela ngenkani ezinhlangothini bese ziyaqala ukulala phansi ngasekhanda.
Kwesinye isikhathi ekuqaleni lokhu kungenzeka ngendlebe eyodwa, kuthi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa - nokwesibili. Ngalesi sikhathi, izilwane ezifuywayo zibukeka zihlekisa kancane, zikhumbuza uhlobo lwama-pranksters angenaphutha.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zohlobo, umbala
Ngezimpawu zangaphandle nezifanelekile, izinhlobo zezimvu zohlobo lwe-lop-eared zihluke kakhulu:
- Meissen - uhlobo olunqabile oluhlala eJalimane,
- Isi-French - sithole ukusatshalaliswa kuwo wonke amazwe,
- IsiNgisi singumnikazi wamazwibela amancane nezindlebe ezinkulu,
- i-plush - unogwaja onezinwele ezimfishane, eziwugqinsi nezithambile,
- I-fleecy - ibonakala ngezinwele ezinde,
- amancanyana namaDashi yizinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke ezihlala ikakhulu ezimweni zasekhaya.
"Ijazi loboya" elibalulekile, inyama esezingeni eliphakeme nokubukeka okuhle kuyimpawu yawo wonke la mhlobo.Ijazi lezilwane linezinhlobonhlobo. Amathoni oboya oqinile, omnyama, ompunga, onsundu avame ukuxutshaniswa namabala wombala ohlukile noma isikhumba.
"Unogwaja esikhwameni" awunakuthengwa. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, isilwane kufanele sihlolwe ngokucophelela:
- isilwane esiphilile kufanele sibe nekhala elibandayo nelimanzi,
- I-sclera yeso kufanele icwengeke futhi ihlanzeke,
- ukukhahlela njalo imvalo kungakhombisa amazeze
- ihlala ikhotha izitha futhi izama ukuhlala phansi nesihlalo sangemuva, isilwane singangenwa yizikelemu,
- Izifo zezitho zangaphakathi zingakhonjiswa ngamehlo anamafu, amathambo avuthayo, isisu esingenalutho,
- amabala ezimpandla emzimbeni akhombisa ukutheleleka ngehele.
Intengo yenqama ye-lop-eared rabi iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngobude, ubuhle nokutholakala kabusha kohlobo. Isilwane esihlobisa ngaphandle kwe-pedigree sibiza kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-1 kuye ku-2000. I-lop-eared eared-up yesigaba sezilwane ngokwezindleko eziphakathi kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-2,5 ayizinkulungwane.
Uma abanikazi behlose ukufuya uhlobo oluthile lwezinja, kuyadingeka ukuthenga inqama yezimvu eboshiwe, oyokhokha kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezimbili kuya kwezine.
Ukukhonjiswa emibukisweni (show class), abesilisa abahle abane-pedigree balinganiselwa kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-3-5. Kufika kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-8 angafinyelela amanani entengo enhle nezinqabileyo kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, ukugoqa amaDashi.
Ukuthengwa kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi lapho uvolo ungakhuphuki. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uhlolisise isembozo soboya bobugundi bezinduna.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Inqama yedrabha isabalale emhlabeni wonke. Ukusekelwa komndeni, kufanelana ngokuphelele. Izingane ezingaphezulu kweminyaka engu-10 ziyakwazi ukuxhumana nesilwane zodwa. Ukuthola unogwaja wengane encane, udinga ukulawula ukuthi akubangeli ukulimala kwalesi silwane.
Iningi labaninizi liyaziqhenya ngokuziqhenya kwalokhu. Naphezu kobukhulu bawo obunesizotha, ayasebenza kakhulu futhi adinga ukunakwa okuningi.
Izinzuzo ezingathandabuzeki zokuqukethwe kwefridi elincane lemfushane lifaka:
- isilwane asinangozi, simnandi futhi siyimpofana,
- ayidingi ukugeza njalo,
- ukudla onogwaja akubizi,
- kulula ukujwayela itreyi,
- ngokunakekelwa okuhle, uhlala cishe iminyaka eyi-10.
Phakathi kwemizuzu yokugcina onogwaja ekhaya ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi:
- ukuguquguquka kwemizwelo ejwayelekile
- Ukuncibilika kanye ezinyangeni ezimbalwa,
- ezinganeni, kwezinye izikhathi zingabangela ukungezwani komzimba,
- dinga ukunaka njalo komnikazi,
- kungaba nephunga elincane.
Ukondla
Ukudla komvundla kufanele kube okunempilo, okuphelele nokuhlukahluka:
- yemifino, imvu ithanda amazambane, i-broccoli, izaqathi, ungayondli ngeziqongo zamazambane, utamatisi, ubhontshisi, omhlophe nekholifulawa,
- utshani obomile nobusha be-meadow, i-dandelion, i-nettle buzoba umthombo omuhle wamavithamini ehlobo,
- okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu nokolweni kufanelekile,
- ebusika, imvu ye-lop-ered ithanda ingxube yamakhambi owomile.
Kuma-rabi, ukudla okuyinhloko i-hay kanye nokuxutshwa okusanhlamvu okunempilo. Kuze kube yizinyanga ezi-6, ingane akufanele idliwe ngemifino eluhlaza namakhambi amasha, ngoba umgudu wokugaya ukudla obuthakathaka awukakulungeli ukufakwa kwefayibha nemicu emaholo.
Unganika imifino, izithelo notshani obuluhlaza nsuku zonke ngenani elincane kunogwaja osukhulile. Kufanele kube njalo kune-hay emgodini wezimbali - umthombo wezinto ezibalulekile zonogwaja.
Njengokudla okuqinile, unganikeza i-oats, ukolweni, ama-crackers, kepha ngamanani alinganisayo kakhulu. Onogwaja akufanele banikezwe imikhiqizo yobisi neyenyama. Kuze kube yizinyanga ezingama-2,5, ezifuywayo kwesinye isikhathi zinganikezwa ubisi. Ekhejini kumele kuhlale kuvikelwe amanzi ahlanzekile. Itshe lamaminerali elithengiswa ezitolo zezilwane kufanele lifakwe odongeni lweseli.
Izifo nokwelashwa kwazo
Ngokwesifo sokuqala, izimpawu ezilandelayo zimpawu:
- izinwele ezifiphele, ezingenalo ukukhanya kwemvelo okunempilo,
- ikhala elishisayo
- ukuntuleka kokudla, ukwenqaba kokudla,
- izinga lokushisa elikhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-39.5 ° С libonisa umzabalazo wesilwane nalesi sifo,
- ukungabi nandaba nokwenzekayo nxazonke.
Uma kutholakala izimpawu ezinjalo zesifo esiqalayo, kubalulekile ukuxhumana nensizakalo yezilwane ngosizo. Ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa kancane, amaphakethe eqhwa angafakwa esiswini nasezindlebeni zesilwane ngaphambi kokuba udokotela afike.
Lapho unogwaja we-lop-eared efika ezinsukwini ezingama-45 ubudala nesisindo sekhilogremu, isikhathi sifika sokugoma, esizosiza ukuvikela isilwane kwisifo i-hemorrhagic (HBV) kanye ne-myxomatosis.
Isilwane sidinga ukunikezwa amalungiselelo e-anthelmintic ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngaphambi kwenqubo. Uma ungakwenzi lokhu, uma kunezikelemu esikhathini lapho kukhiqizwa ama-antibodies kulesi sifo futhi umzimba ungaphansi kwengcindezi eningi, impilo yesilwane inganyakaziswa kakhulu.
Kungenzeka ukuphatha umuthi wokugomela ohlotsheni oluhambisanayo (lubizwa ngokuthi “i-HBVC ne-M”), oluqukethe izinhlobo ezi-2 zazo zombili izifo ngasikhathi sinye, noma luhlobo lodwa lokugoma, uqaphela isikhathi sokuphakathi kokufakwa komgomo wokugomela i-HBVC nowe-myxomatosis.
Kwinguqulo ehlukile, ukugoma ngokumelene ne-myxomatosis kwenziwa ngosuku lwama-28 kusukela kuzalwa unogwaja, nokwakheka kwezifo zesifo sokuqina kwemizwa ngosuku lwe-45. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3, kwenziwa kabusha, okukuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise imiphumela. Ngokuzayo, inqubo ihlelwe njalo ezinyangeni ezingama-6-8.
Amazinyo esilwane kufanele ahlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze alimale. Ngokuluma okufanele, amazinyo angenhla kufanele amboze okuphansi. Izindlebe kufanele zihlolwe njalo ukuze zilimale kanye nezibungu. Bahlanze ngendlebe egcwele oiri. Ekhaleni kufanele lome ngaphandle komucu. Amehlo angenabala, ane-hydrate ngokulinganayo.
Ukuchazwa kwe- "lop-eared rabbit-ram"
Uhlobo lokuhlobisa lwezimvu ezi-furry lop-eared lunomzimba omuhle kakhulu. Amabele onogwaja abancane abanzi, ukwakheka komzimba kucoshile, nentamo imfushane. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-nape yezilwane iqinile, nebunzi libunjiwe. Ngemuva komzimba kuyindilinga, amehlo makhulu futhi abucayi, izihlathi ziyashubhu, umsila mncane. Zonke lezi zici zangaphandle zikanogwaja zimenza abe muhle kakhulu.
Izimvu ezi-Lop-eared zivame ukukhonjiswa kwimibukiso eyahlukahlukene yasekhaya neyasemazweni aphesheya. Kodwa-ke, uma onogwaja abancane abanesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu amabili, khona-ke abavunyelwe ukubonisa. Ngokuphathelene nomehluko we-anatomical phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane ngokufana, owokugcina awunazo izimbotshana, futhi zikhulu kunezabesilisa.
Izinqama zerabi ezi-lop-eared ezinamadlebe amade kakhulu. Lokhu mhlawumbe ukukhangana kwabo okubaluleke kakhulu. Kubantu abadala, izindlebe zingafinyelela amasentimitha angamashumi amabili nanhlanu. Zombili izindlebe zesilwane zilenga eceleni kwekhanda futhi zicindezelwa eduze kwaso. Ngokuthabisako, ukwakheka kwezindlebe zalolu hlobo lonogwaja kufana nehhashi, njengoba i-auricle ithelwa ngaphakathi. Kumathiphu, izindlebe ezilengayo zigoqiwe kancane, isisekelo sezindlebe siqinisiwe, ngesimo sifana nomqhele wobukhosi.
Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Onogwaja abahlobisa nge-Lop-eared abazalwa benendlebe ezilengayo. Basesizalweni sabo. Kepha ngemuva kwesikhashana, izindlebe zezingane ziyehla, hhayi masinyane, kepha ngezigaba eziningana, zize zifike ubude bazo obujwayelekile bokulengiswa. Lokhu kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezi-3.
Onogwaja be-lop-eared banejazi elithambile kakhulu, banezinwele, ezithambile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uboya bezinqama ze-lop-eared buhlukile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi umbala uyathakazelisa. Izinwele zezinwele ezinde ezinezimpungushe eziningi noma i-Angora. Umbala wejazi umhlophe ngombala omnyama, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kwesinye isikhathi ube nezinhlanganisela ezihlukile, njenge-chinchilla, i-sable, ephuzi, ngisho ne-opal. Zibuye zifuye izimvu ezimfishane ngezinwele ezimfushane, ezinamakhanda amabhubesi.
Unogwaja wagula ukuthi enzeni
Ezinye izifo zonogwaja ziyakhombisa Izimpawu ezinjalo:
- Izinwele zonogwaja ziyayeka ukucwazimula, kubukeka kungaphili.
- Isilwane asidli noma yini, asikubheki noma hay okusanhlamvu okuthandayo.
- Umvundla we-lop-eared awunasithakazelo kunoma yini; akanaki kunoma yini noma umuntu.
- Isilwane sinokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu.
Uma isilwane sakho sinazo zonke lezi zimpawu ezingenhla, kufanele xhumana kungekudala emtholampilo oseduzane wezilwane.
Ukuze isilwane sehlise umoya kancane futhi singanyakaziswa ngamazinga okushisa, faka iqhwa eligoqwe ngerag ezindlebeni zikanogwaja.
Ukuze uvikele isifo sesifuyo sakho esithandayo, umlandele njalo, silondoloze inhlanzeko ekhejini, ungamshiyi yedwa isikhathi eside. Ngemuva kwalokho isilwane sizokuphendula ngothando nangokuzinikela.
Ukuzalelwa kwe-lop-eared lamb-rabbit
Ngeke kube nzima ukuthi noma ubani kini akhulise onogwaja abancane. Onogwaja sebekwazi ukuzala kabusha buthule, kuqala kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-6 ubudala. Minus eyodwa - Izinqama ze-lop-eared azikhuli kakhulu. Kukhanya, ngasikhathi, unogwaja wesifazane uqobo ungaletha ezinye izingane eziyisikhombisa.
Kodwa-ke, lapho unogwaja ekhulelwa kuphela, zama ukumnikeza ukunakekelwa okuphezulu. Gcina amangqamuzana akho ehlanzekile, anikeze ukudla okunomsoco okuningi okuqukethe amaprotheni namaprotheni. Omhlengikazi, onogwaja abakhathalelayo banakekela inhlanzeko, amanzi amasha, iqanda elinzima abilisiwe kanye noshizi omncane wasekhaya owenziwe nge-cottage shizi kanye ngosuku. Futhi, phazamisa isilwane kancane uma ufuna ukuthi unogwaja ondle amawundlu akhe isikhathi eside.
Amanani onogwaja
Izinqama ezijwayelekile ze-mini-lop-eared zithengiswa namuhla ngentengo yama-ruble ayinkulungwane. Onogwaja abasebenza ngokuzalaniswa kwalolu hlobo lobuhlobo bezinja selivele lithengisiwe ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, ngokuya ngezinsiza. Ungathenga ngokukhethekile izinhlobo ezifuywe zezinja zemibukiso yokubukisa ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezintathu noma ezine.
Kepha inqama yedrabha ye-lop-eared yamaDashi ngaphandle kwamadokhumenti ingathengwa esitolo sezilwane ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezimbili, kuyilapho izilwane zalolu hlobo lazo zonke izinhlobo ezisondelene zithengiswa kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili.
Izimpawu Zokuhlanzeka
Akunzima kangako ukuhlukanisa unogwaja omncane onempilo futhi ohlanzekile kusuka kohlobo lwe- “Dwarf ram”. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokuhlanzeka yilezi:
- ijazi elicwebezelayo nelinamandla
- Amehlo ahlanzekile, angenamakhaza nokulimala,
- izindlebe zilele flat, ubude bawo okufanele bufinyelele ku-24 kuye ku-28 cm,
- ngisho namazinyo amhlophe
- isifiso esihle
- umzimba oqinile futhi olinganayo.
Izimpawu zokubumba
Uma, lapho ukhetha unogwaja, uphawula okungenani eyodwa yalezi zibonakaliso, wenqaba ukuthengwa:
- uboya obuthuntu, obunyinyithekile nephunga elingathandeki noma amabala empandla,
- Amehlo amanzi, ubomvu nokuvuvukala kuyabonakala,
- ubude noma ukungajwayelekile kwezindlebe,
- amazinyo angalingani noma alahlekile ambozwe nge-plaque.
- ngokuphelele ukungathintani, ubuhlakani, ukunganaki,
- ukuba khona kokuphuma kokuhlanjululwa emehlweni nasekhaleni,
- ukuvama kakhulu kwesilwane, ukuphefumula okungafanele kwesilwane.
Ukubuka konke kohlobo lomvundla omfishane kwethulwa ngumfuyi wevidiyo kuvidiyo engezansi:
Umlando wohlobo lokuzalela
Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, abafuyi baseDashi banquma ukudala uhlobo oluncane lonogwaja abakhulu baseFrance. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bawela okwedlule ngonogwaja abajwayelekile bokuhlobisa futhi bathola umphumela oyifunayo (NHD yanamuhla). Kwaziswe esidlangalaleni lolu hlobo olusha futhi ngokushesha kwasakazekela hhayi kuphela kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kodwa naseMelika.
I-English Mini Lop yenziwa e-UK, kanti i-ZWW yaseJalimane, ivela eJalimane. Zonke izimvu ezimfushane zinomlingiswa othambile nonomusa, ngakho-ke zinhle ngendima yezilwane ezifuywayo. Kuliqiniso, kumele sikhumbule ukuthi umlingisi uzoncika kakhulu emfundweni.
Inqama ye-dwarf - ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Ukubuyekezwa kwenqama emfishane, kubhala u-Elena. Sikhethe unogwaja o-lop-ered ngoba sifunda ukuthi bapholile. Futhi lokhu iqiniso, i-bunny yethu ikhule yaba isilwane esifanele - i-fluffy, uthando, ithanda ukuhlala ezandleni zayo, ayikulumi. Yize kukhona ama-minuses, kwesinye isikhathi uyathukuthela (uthanda ukugoqa izintambo, lokhu kufanele kubhekwe), futhi ekuqaleni wayezama njalo ukumba umgodi ngaphansi kwekhokho phakathi kobusuku. Ngenhlanhla,-ke lokhu kudlulile, manje kwesinye isikhathi kuphela okumba okuthile, kubukeka sengathi ugaya izigqoko zakhe.
Unogwaja wenqama omncane ogama lakhe ngu-Isabella.
Ngizonikeza izeluleko ezimbalwa kubanikazi besikhathi esizayo. Thatha ikheji elikhulu ngokushesha ukuze ukwazi ukufaka indlu kulo (i-bunny yethu ithanda ukucasha kulo). Ungathathi uzwane notshwala ngendlela kasoso, unogwaja uhlala egibela kubo futhi ekugcineni uchithe amanzi. Kungcono ukuthenga isiphuzo esikhethekile kanye ne-bird feeder, kuphela udinga ukuqinisa ngokuqinile amakheji kusuka ezindongeni.
Ngokuqondene nokondla, i-bunny yethu inesisu esibuthakathaka futhi ikakhulukazi ine-hay. Kwesinye isikhathi sinika kancane ukuthi sidle ku-apula, i-clover. Siphinde sithenga amaminerali ukuze akwazi ukuwagingqa (ewusizo ngamazinyo). Siyisikhipha esitokisini njalo ezinsukwini ezi-3-5. Ukugcina isilwane esinjalo akubizi, ama-ruble angama-200 kuphela ngesonto (okubiza kakhulu ebusika).
Izithombe ezine ngenhla zibonisa onogwaja be-lop-eyred of inqama emfishane evela enkulisa yaseVesna (Tula, www.pitomnik-vesna.ru).
Ukubuyekezwa komvundla wenqama omncane, kubhala uKaterina. Ngathenga unogwaja wami eminyakeni emithathu edlule ngama-ruble ayi-1,500, futhi kanye nekheji elikhulu nezinye izinto ezidingekayo ukuze kulungiswe, inani lenyuka laya ezi-4 000. Ukuyicabanga kungabizi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokuthenga nokugcina ikati noma inja. Ekuqaleni, bekunezinkinga ngokujwayela ithreyi, ngangiya endlini yangasese noma kuphi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bengisakujwayela.
Enye inkinga eyaphakama izintambo nephepha lokunamathisela odongeni, ngibafafaze ngamanzi nopelepele ukuze lungaboli. Kuthathe unyaka ukusula ngokuphelele izinto kusuka ekuphangeni, kepha manje awukwazi ukuyivala ekhejini lobusuku. Ngaphambi kokulala, kungcono ukuthi akhiphe kahle, khona-ke ebusuku akawenzi umsindo.
Umhlobiso wenqama lonogwaja we-lop-eared ogama lakhe linguMarty.
Ngokuvamile, unogwaja uyisidalwa esihle kakhulu futhi esihlekisayo esijaha ukugxumagxuma. Ingane yami ye-lop-eared izolile, iyathanda ukuhlala ezandleni zayo ilale ngezinyawo zami) ngincoma lokhu kuzalaniswa! Nakekela kahle onogwaja bakho)
Ividiyo: inqama yemvundla emfishane
Qiniseka ukuthi ubuka ividiyo ngombala omncane ongajwayelekile onsundu wombala we-agouti oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wohlobo lwe-ram. Le yingane evela e-Sirius enkulisa.
Intengo yenqama emfishane (unogwaja)
E-Russia, intengo yezimvu ezimfushane ngokwesilinganiso yile:
- sisuka kuma-ruble ayi-3000 kuya kwangama-7000 nge-bunny ngayinye.
Izindawo zezidleke zezimvu eziyidada:
- Abahlengikazi eMoscow - "The Red Pearl" http://red-perl.ru/
- Abahlengikazi eKiev - "Bunny" https://zaichishca.jimdo.com/
- Ubuhlengikazi eMinsk - akukho datha ekutholakaleni.
- Abahlengikazi bezimvunulo zokuhlobisa (eRussia, e-Ukraine naseBelarus).
- Ungawondla kanjani umvundla wokuhlobisa
- Amagama abafanyana onogwaja (Ukukhetha okukhulu)
- Mangaki onogwaja okuhlobisa bahlala
Isayithi lethu linikezelwe ngokuphelele kunogwaja futhi lapha uzothola imininingwane mayelana nezinhlobo, izifo kanye nokwelashwa kwazo, ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa, ukondla, nokunye okuningi ngalezi zilwane ezifuywayo.
Umsoco
Ukudla okulinganiselayo, kanye nomsebenzi ojwayelekile wezimoto onogwaja, kuyisihluthulelo sempilo yakhe. Ukudla okuyinhloko konogwaja abafiphele ngotshani obomile kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlamvu. Ezinye izincomo:
- Amakhambi amasha, amakhambi, imifino eluhlaza, akunconywa ukufaka phakathi ekudleni kwabantu kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha: uhlelo lokugaya onogwaja abancane alukwazi ukugaya le mikhiqizo.
- Onogwaja abaneminyaka yobudala ubudala bangavele bondliwe kumenyu ebanzi ngokwengeziwe: imifino emisha, izithelo, amakhambi okwenziwa ekhaya notshani abasha kuzoba yindlela enhle yesilwane.
- IHay yinto yokudla ebaluleke kakhulu. Kuqukethe inani elifanele lamavithamini kanye namaminerali adingekayo ukuze kulondolozwe umzimba onempilo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokubakhona kwemifino, izithelo, noma izinto ezinhle zokulala, kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi utshani obomile buhlala bukhona ekhejini lesilwane.
- Ama-oats nezinhlamvu zikakolweni zihle kakhulu ekunikezeni onogwaja, kepha ngobuningi obunqunyelwe.
- Akufanele nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho onogwaja benikezwa ubisi noma inyama. Inzuzo yabo inganekwane, eqinisweni, ingadala ukulimala okungalingani ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla.
- Ukutholakala njalo kwamanzi amasha kungenye iphuzu elibalulekile lezinto eziphilayo ezinempilo. Uma kungenzeka, ungathululeli amanzi ompompi kulowo ophuzayo onogwaja: vikela usuku.
Thola ulwazi oluthe xaxa kokondla onogwaja lapha.
Ukunakekelwa nokuhlanzeka
Onogwaja, njengazo zonke izilwane ezifuywayo, badinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Kubalulekile ukuqapha iminsalo emide yesilwane, futhi usinciphise njengoba kunesidingo. Uma ungenamava kokunqunywa kwezikhumba, vakashela umtholampilo wezilwane bese ucela udokotela wakho wezilwane ukuthi akuchaze ngokuningiliziwe wonke ama-nuances ale nqubo.
Kungakuhle ukuthi wenze le nqubo ngokwakho - unogwaja uzojwayela futhi uzokwazi ukuthi ngeke wenze lutho olubi kuye.
Uma usola ukuthi isilwane asizizwa kahle, bhekisisa isimo sakhe. Unogwaja onempilo uyasebenza, udlala ngentokozo, uthatha ukudla, unejazi elimenyezelayo futhi uyazinakekela. Uma ingane ilala kakhulu, ihlala icashe endlini, yenqaba ukuphathwa, ijazi libukeka lilula futhi alinampilo - udinga ukuxhumana nodokotela wezilwane.
Nawa amanye amathiphu wokunakekela onogwaja:
- Ukuze uqhubeke nokuhlanzeka emgodini, sebenzisa izinkuni.
- Qiniseka ukuthi uthola ibhulashi lokuhlanganisa izinwele futhi okungenani kanye ngesonto khipha ijazi elidala ukuze ukhule ijazi elisha, elinempilo.
- Njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3, qiniseka ukuthi ukhombisa isilwane kudokotela wezilwane, phatha ukwelashwa kusuka ku-ecto- kanye ne-endoparasites.
- Goma ngokushesha isilwane ezifweni ezithathelwanayo.
- Phatha ikheji ngesibulala magciwane esikhethekile esivikelekile esilwaneni.
- Susa iminonjana nephunga lomchamo esitokisini ngeviniga.
Ukunakekelwa Kwezingane
Onogwaja abaningi banakekela imfucuza yabo bebodwa: bazakhela izidleke kusuka ku-hay kanye ne-fluff yabo, benza inqubo yenhlanzeko ngokwabo futhi bondla izingane zabo. Kepha, abesifazane abangenalwazi bathola amahloni, lapho ngenxa yokungakwazi ukukhulisa inzalo, udoti ungaba sengozini yokufa. Uma, ngasizathu simbe, unogwaja alahle izingane zakhe, kuzodingeka angenelele aqale ukuzikhulisa.
Onogwaja abancane kakhulu abasengozini futhi bazwela. Ababekezeleli ushintsho olungazelelwe lokushisa, besaba okungakapheli. Izimo ezifanele kunazo zonke zokugcina onogwaja abasanda kuzalwa zingamazinga okushisa angama-38 kuye kwangama-40, anomswakama womoya ongama-65%.
Qaphela umkhuhlane ojwayelekile wonogwaja: emazingeni aphansi okushisa komoya kanye nomswakama ophezulu, ingozi yokubamba umkhuhlane kumarabi ukhuphuka ufike kuma-90%. Njengomthetho, izilwane ezincane azikubekezeleli ukubanda ngokungafanele - lokhu kungabulala.
Intsha kufanele futhi igcinwe ihlanzekile. Ngenkathi efudumele, zama ukuhlanza ikheji nsuku zonke, emakhazeni - okungenani kanye ezinsukwini ezi-2. Amagciwane angakhula ekhejini elingcolile, elingalimaza kakhulu onogwaja abancane.
Izindlela Zokuziqeqesha
Naphezu kobungani babo, cishe bonke onogwaja basendleleni enhle. Abakuthandi ukuba sezandleni zabo, abathandi ukufundisa.
Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze uma usuzilethile nonogwaja ekhaya ukuwuyeka uzinze. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungavula ikheji, kepha ungakuthathi masinyane ezandleni zakho - unogwaja angaba sesimweni sokuxineka.
Bheka ukuthi ingane iziphatha kanjani ekheji elivulekile. Uma engahlose ukuphuma futhi abe nesifiso sezwe, kusho ukuthi usathukile, futhi kufanele umshiye yedwa isikhashana. Isinkomba sokuthi unogwaja uthokomele futhi ukhululekile ukuhamba kwawo mahhala ekheji lapho ukhona. Lapho lesi sigaba sifinyelelwa, ungaqala ukonakala kancane kancane.
Ukuze ingane ikujwayele ngokushesha, noma kunini lapho usondela kuye yezinyoni. Uma unogwaja uthukuthele noma efuna ukukuluma - akumele nakanjani umushaye.
Indlela ephumelelayo yokufundisa abantu abanjalo abangenangqondo ukucindezela ikhanda lakhe phansi - uphawu lokubusa. Khuthaza isilwane sakho ukuthi siphile uma senza lokho ofuna kukho.
Omunye umthetho obalulekile osebenza kubo bonke onogwaja ukungabikho kwemisindo enkulu. Zama ukugwema umsindo obukhali, omkhulu lapho uzama ukukhulisa noma ukuthambisa isilwane. Ngokwemvelo yabo, bafana nezingane ezincane ezingafuni ukulalela abazali bazo. Ungamthuki umntwana, ukhulume naye ngezwi elizolile nelizolile, khona-ke isilwane sizokuqonda ngokushesha okukhulu.
Umlutha wezifo
Izindawo ezingavikelekile kakhulu kunogwaja yizindlebe nesikhumba. Izifo zezindlebe zingavela ngenxa yokuntuleka kwazo kwenhlanzeko, ikakhulukazi yabamele izinhlobo zohlobo lwe-lop-eared. Ngokuqondene nezifo zesikhumba, zonke izinhlobo zesikhumba (kufaka phakathi nomzimba) nazo zinendawo.
Amakhaza ayinto engafanele ukuqashelwa ngumnikazi wonogwaja noma yikuphi ukuzalaniswa. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi noma yisiphi isifo sonogwaja sidinga ukuxilongwa okufika ngesikhathi kanye nosizo lochwepheshe, ngoba ukuzelapha ngendlela engafanele kwesilwane kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi
Ngaphambi kokuthola abameleli balezi zinhlobo, kubalulekile ukuthi siphinde sicabange ngezinzuzo nokubi kokugcina onogwaja balolu hlobo.
- "Izimvu eziyizimfashini" zithathwa njengohlobo olunamandla kakhulu lomvundla,
- Lokhu kuzalaniswa kubonakaliswa ngamakhono aphezulu obuhlakani,
- ubuhle nesihe kungashiyi ukungakhathali noma abadala noma izingane,
- Amasayizi amancane avumela ukugcina isilwane endlini encane.
- ukwesaba ukushintshwa kwezinga lokushisa kanye nezinhlaka okusalungiswa kuba imbangela evamile yokufa kwesilwane,
- ukuphahlazeka okukhonjiswe unogwaja ngenkathi uhamba uzungeza amafulethi kungadala ukulimala kwezinto ezibonakalayo.