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Kunezinhlobo ezingama-24 zama-chipmunks, ezingama-23 kuzo zihlala eNyakatho Melika kanti ziyi-1 kuphela izinhlobo ezise-Easia. Kukhona ama-chipmunks amaningi eMelika; ahlala eMexico nase-Alaska. Iningi lamagundane lihlala eNyakatho Melika.

Ama-chipmunks ase-Eurasian ahlala isikhala esikhulu kusuka ezifundeni zaseYurophu zaseRussia kuya enyakatho neChina, Korea naseJapan. AmaChipmunks nawo ahlala e-Central Europe, alethwa lapho njengezilwane ezifuywayo, kepha abanye abamele babalekela bathatha impande endle.

I-chipmunk incane. Umzimba wamagundane ubude, futhi umsila ubushelelezi futhi ubude, ngamasentimitha ayi-8-12 ngosayizi. AmaChipmunks akhula abe ngamasentimitha ayi-14-17 ubude, futhi anesisindo kusuka kumagremu angama-40 kuye kwangama-120, kuya ngohlobo lolo.

Lezi zilwanyana ezincane zihlala eNyakatho Melika, futhi zihlala ezwekazini lase-Eurasia. AmaChipmunks adla amantongomane, ama-acorn, imbewu yasendle, i-oats, amakhowe kanye nokolweni. Kulokhu, yonke imikhiqizo ifakwa emgqonyeni owomile kumaphara ahlukile. Inani eliphelele lezindawo ezinjalo zokugcina lingafinyelela kumakhilogremu angama-5-6.

IChipmunk iyi-rodent encane eyindilinga.

Ukudla okuyinhloko kwesilwane:

• amantongomane zikaphayini
• amakhowe
• ama-acorn
• utshani
• izihlahla zezihlahla
• amahlumela amancane esihlahla,
• imbewu yotshani
• amajikijolo
• izinambuzane.

Kakhulu lesi silwane sidla ukudla kwesitshalo. Izinambuzane zihlangana ekudleni ngezikhathi ezithile. Kulezi, izilwane ikakhulukazi zithanda amabhungane ahlukahlukene (i-barbel, amabhungane amaqabunga, ibhungane lomhlaba), izintuthwane, amacimbi, izintethe, izinhlanga zomhlaba, iminenke yomhlaba kanye nama-slugs. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, i-chipmunk idla amaqanda ezinyoni noma izibankwa.

UMeyi noJuni yizinyanga lapho ama-chipmunks edla khona amandla amakhowe omisiwe asele kusukela ekwindla. Ngo-Agasti-Septhemba, ama-boletus amasha, ama-boletus, ama-boletus, amakhowe we-porcini no -ju lwezinyosi kuxutshwa nokudla. Kodwa-ke, ebusika, lezi zilwane azigcini amakhowe.

Indawo yokuqala ekudleni kwe-chipmunk ithathwa ngokunembile ngamantongomane wepayini. Isilwane sabo sidla unyaka wonke. IChipmunk ithatha umzuzu owodwa kuphela ukugcwalisa amaphakethe esihlathini ngamantongomane. Ngokusho kocwaningo, amantongomane kusuka ku-30 ​​kuye kwangama-54 abekwa ezihlathini zesinyama zalesi.

IChipmunk ibuye ibe yigourmet enhle futhi ayihambelani nokuzama amasiko atshalwe ngabantu abaseduze nendawo abahlala kuyo. Ngakho-ke, lezi zilwane zingabhubhisa uphizi, abhekilanga, ifilakisi nezinhlamvu. Ama-chipmunks nawo ajabulile ukujabulela ama-plums kanye namakhukhamba. Ngentwasahlobo, ungahlangana nezilwane, ukhotha isiphuzo esigelezayo kusuka emagxolo alimile. Ungakhathazeki nge-chipmunk futhi udle ngezithelo zama-raspberries, ama-currants, okhalweni, i-bird cherry, ama-sitrobheli, ama-blueberries, umlotha wentaba, i-honeysuckle ne-gooseberries.

I-Hibernation

Ebusika, izilwane ziyazifihla ebusika, eziphazanyiswa kuphela lapho kubangwa. Njengomthetho, i-hibernation iqala izinsuku ezingama-5- 10 ngaphambi kweqhwa lokuqala. Uma isembozo sokuqala seqhwa siwephuza kakhulu, khona-ke lezi zilwane zifihla yonke indawo lapho kuqala amazinga okushisa aqandayo. IChipmunks ilala ngezikhathi ezithile, ivuka ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ngesikhathi sokuvuka, ama-chipmunks ayasebenza. Ngesikhathi sokuqwashisa, isilwane asihambi, futhi umzimba waso ufana nokubukeka kwebhola - wonke amalunga acindezelwa emzimbeni, nekhanda liphakathi kwemilenze yangemuva. Kulesi sikhundla, ukulahleka kokushisa kuncishisiwe futhi amandla ezilwane ayagcinwa.

Ngenkathi i-hibernating ngokweqile, i-chipmunk ayenzi ngaphezu kwezifo ezintathu kuya kwezine zokuphefumula ngomzuzu, futhi izinga lokushisa lomzimba lehle lifinyelela ku-10 degrees. Ngesikhathi sokuphaphama, i-chipmunk idla okutholakalayo futhi ihambahamba endlini. Ngalezi zikhathi, amazinga okushisa awo akhuphuka aze afike kuma-37- 38 degrees. Ama-chipmunk hibernates, anamafutha amancane amancane angaphansi komzimba. Ebusika, isilwane siphelelwa ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yesisindo saso.

Amasheya ebusika

AmaChipmunks aqala ukugcinela abanye ubusika ukudla phakathi nehlobo. Ezindaweni ezivikelekile, lezi zilwane zigcina okusanhlamvu, amantongomane nembewu ehlukahlukene. Isitora sokuphakelayo ku-chipmunk pantry singafinyelela ku-20 kg kwezinye izikhathi. Ubusika, imbewu ekhethiwe kuphela futhi evuthiwe igcinwa. I-chipmunk ngayinye igcina ukudla, njengomthetho, endlini yayo. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi ama-chipmunks athengisa izinto ezisegumbini lokugcina elihlukile. Isitoko sokudla esiqoqwe yisilwane ebusika sidliwe ngokwezomnotho kakhulu, ngesikhathi sokuvuka kwesilwane. I-chipmunk idla ivolumu enkulu lapho ivuka entwasahlobo.

Ama-chipmunks, uma afiswa, angagcinwa ekhaya. Ubunzima obukhulu nalokhu ukuthi kuzoba ne-chipmunk. Ukudla kwe-chipmunk ezimweni zemvelo kuya ngokuthi hlobo luni lokudla okwakwazi ukukuthola okwamanje. Lapho ugcinwa emizini, kufanele uzibhekele ngokuzimela ukudla kwesilwane. Njengoba ukuthambekela kwemvelo kuphoqa ama-chipmunks ukuthi aqhubeke nokubuthelela ubusika, lesi silwane siyohlala sinxenxa ukudla kubanikazi, noma ngabe kusanda kudliwa. Uma usuthisa isilwane ezandleni zakho, ngenkathi ungasesabi isilwane, ngokushesha sizokwenziwa ngesandla.

I-chipmunk idinga ikheji eliphakeme lensimbi ukugcina indlu, inobude nobude obu-1 m noma ngaphezulu, nobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-50. Noma kunjalo, noma ngabe kukhona ikheji elikhulu, isilwane sizodinga ukuhambahamba egumbini lonke. "I-chipmunk" kufanele "ihambe" zizungeze ifulethi ngaphansi kokuqapha okuqaphile, ngaphandle kwalokho eyodwa kungenzeka ingabalwa encwadini ethile yamakhasi, futhi kuhlanganiswe inqwaba yemibhede ngokuzumayo. Ngokuvamile, ama-chipmunks ahlanzekile futhi acocekile. Efulethini kuzohola indlela yokuphila yansuku zonke.

Ungathenga ukudla kwe-chipmunk esitolo sezilwane noma ukwenze ngokwakho. Lapho igcinwa ezindlini, i-chipmunk icishe ibe yinqaba. Ungasuthisa isilwane ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zamantongomane, ngaphandle kwama-alimondi, i-oatmeal, imbewu ye-sunflower, izithelo, ama-dandelion, amajikijolo, ama-acorns.

Lapho usuthisa izithelo, zithungatha: kungahle kube nezithasiselo zamakhemikhali eziyingozi esilwaneni. AmaChipmunks adla ushizi wekotishi, amakhukhi, iphalishi yobisi. Njengoba banesidingo sokugaya ama-chissel okusika, faka ucezu oluncane lekati yemvelo ekhejini. Qiniseka ukuthi ufaka amaprotheni ezilwane ekudleni okuqukethwe izibungu zama -fungworms, amaqanda enkukhu noma izinambuzane. Hlola ngezikhathi nesikhathi "isitolo esingenakufinyeleleka" endlini yezilwane! Kungcono ukususa imikhiqizo ethile ngesikhathi esifanele uma sebeqala ukonakala. Futhi-ke, ungakhohlwa ukuthulula nsuku zonke amanzi amasha esilwaneni.

Ama-squirrels, squirrels nama-floorhogs anezihlobo ezithile ezihehayo. Zifana kakhulu ngokubukeka kwabafowabo. Shayela lezi zilwane ama-chipmunks , futhi yilezi zilwane abantu abaningi kakhulu abathanda ukuzigcina ekhaya. Yini abantu abanentshisekelo kule ngamagundane amancane e-squirrel? Ukubukeka kwakhe hhayi umlingiswa okhethiwe.

Incazelo yeChipmunk

Lezi zilwanyana ezincane ezinhle zikhula zize zibe ngu-15 cm ubude.Umsila wazo unobude obungafika ku-10 cm. AmaChipmunks anesisindo esingama-g g ayi-Chip.

Umbala woboya besilwane ubomvu. Imivimbo emnyama yelula emzimbeni wakhe, iqala ngekhanda. Amathoni ampunga namhlophe agqama esiswini. Umhlobiso oyinhloko we-chipmunk umsila wayo omuhle futhi omuhle kakhulu.

Yize ingekho njengokudlanga njengaleyo squirrel, kuyafana, wonke umuntu uhlala eyinaka. Ubude bemilenze buhluke kancane. Amabhande angaphambili amafushane kunezinyawo ezingemuva. Ama-chipmunks ayizilwane ezikhuluphele ezinamaphakeji esihlathini.

Ngale ndlela ziyefana nama-gophers nama-hamsters. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ubabone lapho bengagcwele lutho. Kepha izikhwama ziyangena lapho isilwane siqala ukufaka zonke izinhlobo zokudla lapho. Ngalezo zikhathi ezinjalo, i-chipmunk ibukeka ihlekisa ngokwengeziwe futhi iyathandeka.

I-chipmunk inesikhwama phezu kwezihlathi zayo lapho ikwazi ukugcina khona ukudla endaweni yokugcina

Amehlo esilwane ayaqhuma. Lokhu kumsiza ukuba abe nombono obanzi. Ngenxa yamehlo ama-chipmunks, kulula ukugwema ukushayisana nezitha ezingaba khona, okuthi emvelweni ngesilwane kungaphezu kwenele. Izilwane eziningi ezidla ezinye, i-ermine, i-fox, i-marten azihambi ngokudliwayo kulesi silwane esincane esishisayo.

Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zama-chipmunks:

• E-Eshiya. Ungahlangana naye eSiberia, e-Urals, e-Far East, enyakatho yeRussia.
• I-East American. Indawo ehlala kuyo iseNyakatho Melika, engxenyeni esenyakatho-mpumalanga yayo.
• I-Neotamias. Lolu hlobo lwe-chipmunks luhlala nasentshonalanga Melika.

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zama-chipmunks, idatha yangaphandle nemikhuba akuhlukile. Kwesinye isikhathi, ezimweni ezingandile kakhulu, ungahlangana nezilwane ezimhlophe ngokuphelele. Kepha akuzona ama-albino. Izilwane zimane zinofuzo owenziwe kabusha.

Emvelweni, i-chipmunk emhlophe iyivelakancane kakhulu

Izici zeChipmunk

Isikhathi ngasinye sinombala waso wesilwane. Zincibilika kusuka phakathi nehlobo kuya ekwindla yokuqala. Ama-chipmunks awanayo izindlebe ezindlebeni zawo, njengama-squirrels. Okwezindlu, bambe izimbobo zabo. Ngasikhathi sinye, zingakwazi ukuhamba ezihlahleni ngokuphelele.

Isici esibalulekile lapho bemba umgodi wesilwane ukuthi abawutaki umhlaba, okuthi ngokwenza lokho kube nzima kakhulu, eduze nendawo yokuhlala yabo, futhi bawuthathe bawuyise endaweni yabo yokukhosela esihlathini sabo. Ngakho-ke, bazama ukufihla izitha zabo indawo yazo.

Umgodi we-chipmunk uyindawo yokukhosela ende lapho amagumbi amaningi agcinelwe ukugcinwa kwezinto ezidliwayo, indawo eyodwa yokuhlalisa isilwane kanye nezindawo ezimbalwa zokugcina ezisetshenziswa yizilwane njengezindlu zangasese.

Ukuze uthole induduzo endaweni yokuhlala, ama-chipmunks ambozwe ngamaqabunga notshani. Kukule minks ukuthi izilwane zabo zichitha isikhathi sasebusika. Izinsikazi, ngaphezu kwalokhu, zisazalela enzalweni yazo. Chipmunk ekhaya - Isehlakalo esijwayelekile ngoba ulaka alulona uphawu lwalezi zilwane ezinhle.

Bangagxuma, bagibele izihlahla, bagijime emhlabathini. Chipmunks anganqoba noma yiziphi izithiyo nezithiyo endleleni yabo. Ukuze bazitholele ukudla, bangahamba amabanga amade kakhulu.

Banamandla. Imvamisa ezindaweni zabo ezinqolobane zanele isikhathi esingenamkhawulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla kugcinwa ngokulandelana kwazo futhi kuhlungwe ngokuphelele - kunenqwaba eyodwa kunezinhlamvu, kolunye utshani, nakukona wesithathu. Ngaphambi kokucasha, isilwane sihlela kahle futhi sima konke lokhu okugcinwe.

Ekuqaleni kobusika ezilwaneni kuza umzuzwana lapho yena hibernates. Chipmunks silele bonke ubusika. Ukuvuka kwesilwane esiphelile kuqale ngoMashi-Ephreli. Kepha ukuthobeka kudlula masinyane, ngoba eceleni kwegumbi lakhe lokuphumula kukhona i-niche enendawo yonke yokugcwala yezinhlobonhlobo zokudla. Ngakho-ke, amandla nesisindo sesilwane kubuyiselwa ngokushesha okukhulu.

Lawa mafriji amakhulu cishe awakaze athule. Ukugijimisa izihlahla kanye nenqwaba yezinkuni ezifile kungumsebenzi ojwayelekile kubo. Mayelana ne-chipmunks Basho ukuthi ukuzinakekela ekhaya akuvame ukuthi kube nzima.

Into esemqoka ukuthi lesi silwane kufanele sizizwe sinakekelwa ngale ndlela uqobo. Ukumnakekela nokubheka indlela aziphatha ngayo kumjabulisa nje, ngoba i-chipmunk akusona isilwane esinolaka futhi ukuxhumana naye kuletha kuphela imizwa ejabulisayo neqondile.

Singasho ngama-chipmunks ukuthi angama-egoists amakhulu, kusegazini labo. Lo mkhakha womlingiswa kufanele ubhekwe ngabantu abacabanga nje ukubathola ekhaya. Njengoba bengabaqaphi abashisekayo bensimu yabo, ama-chipmunks cishe awakubekezeleli ukuba khona kwenani elikhulu labafowethu ekhejini elilodwa. Ukuxabana ezimweni ezinjalo kumane nje akunakugwenywa.

Amahemuhemu anakho lokho isilwane se-chipmunk esizibulalayo. Basho ukuthi sengathi bangazilengisa phakathi kwezinduku ezimbili lapho kutholakala ukuthi ikhaya labo lonakalisiwe futhi azisekho izitolo zokudla.

Le nguqulo itshelwa abazingeli.Kepha abukho ubufakazi obubodwa besayensi kulokhu. Izilwane zasendle, kanye nabakhileyo kuzo, bomile ubukhulu bodwa bokuphila.

Futhi angeke kube yileso silwane esisodwa nje ngoba ibhere lishaye lantshontsha ikhaya lakhe lifuna ukuzibulala. Mhlawumbe kwenye indawo lapho umuntu ethole ama-chipmunks afile elenga phezu kwesitunjana, khona-ke kungahle kube uhlobo oluthile lwengozi futhi olungamaphutha.

Mhlawumbe abantu beza nenganekwane enjalo ukuze isizukulwane esilandelayo siqaphele kakhulu mayelana nezilwane zasendle, kepha le nguqulo nayo ayinabo ubufakazi.

Chipmunk Habitat

Izilwane ze-taiga chipmunks khetha utshani obusehlathini ngezihlahla ezinde. Lawa ikakhulukazi amahlathi axubile. Badinga utshani obukhulu, izihlahla eziwile, izimpande kanye neziqu, okukhona kuzo ukuhlomisa ikhaya kalula.

Amahlathi nemiphetho, izigodi zemifula, izindawo ezigcwele amahlathi - lezi yizindawo lapho ungathola khona njalo lezi zilwane ezincane ezithakazelisayo. Ezintabeni, zingatholakala kuphela kulezo zindawo ezinamahlathi. Angithandi chipmunks izilwane amahlathi amapaki kanye namaxhaphozi.

Isilwane ngasinye sakha eyaso indawo yokuhlala. Kungenzeka basondele kakhulu, kepha akekho noyedwa kubo ozovumela abafowabo ukuthi bangene ensimini yabo. Bancamela ukuhola indlela yokuphila bebodwa, kepha kulezi zindawo ezihlala zodwa kwesinye isikhathi bathola amakoloni amakhulu amakhulu.

Ungahlangana neningi lazo emasimini okusanhlamvu. Kepha kungabonakala nje ekuqaleni kokuqala ukuthi isiyaluyalu nesiphithiphithi esiqhubekayo siyenzeka kubo. Eqinisweni, i-chipmunk ngayinye inendawo yayo ehlukile eqokiwe, ngaphezu kwemingcele yayo ayifiseleki futhi inamakha. Imvamisa ngokumelana nesizinda salokhu, kuvela imibango phakathi kwezilwane.

Lokhu akusho ukuthi ama-chipmunks ayahaha. Kepha bathenga ukudla okuningi kunalokho abakudingayo. Lokhu kumane kuwuphawu lwabo njengezilwane ezikhulu. Cishe sonke isikhathi kusukela engxenyeni yesibili ka-Agasti, benza kuphela lokho abakuthwalelayo ezinhlameni zabo.

Ngesikhathi hibernation ende, kukhona labo abathola indlala enkulu futhi baphaphame ukuze badle. Ama-chipmunks asebenza ekuseni nakusihlwa.

Entwasahlobo, bashiya imisele ezindaweni ezingafani ngezikhathi ezihlukile. Kuya ngokuthi umhlaba ufudumala kanjani ngaphezu komsele. Lapho konke lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu, nezilwane zivuka ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi izimo zezulu zishintshe zibe zimbi futhi. Ama-chipmunks awanakho ukukhetha kodwa ukucasha futhi emgodini wawo bese elinda ukuba isimo sezulu sithuthuke. Uma sicabanga ngokuziphatha kwe-chipmunks yasekwindla kanye yasentwasahlobo, khona-ke kunomehluko obonakalayo phakathi kwabo.

Intwasahlobo iyabulala futhi ayisebenzi. Bancamela ukuba seduze kwemisele yabo nebhaskithi elangeni esikhundleni sokuthamba nokugijima, njengoba kwenza ama-chipmun ekwindla.

Ehlobo baba ukudlala futhi amnandi. Ukushisa okuphezulu kukhetha ukulinda ezindaweni zazo ezipholile. Ezitheni zakho i-chipmunk ibaleke masinyane hhayi ekhaya lakho. Kaningi, usebenzisa isihlahla esiminyene noma isihlahla ukuze aphephe. Ngakho ususa izitha emgodini.

Chipmunks: isithombe, ukubukeka

Imvamisa kukhona ama-subgenus amathathu ama-chipmunks:

- AbaseSiberia (abase-Eshiya) abahlala eSiberia, eMpumalanga Ekude, e-Urals, eNyakatho yengxenye yaseYurophu neRussia. Iqukethe uhlobo olulodwa Tamias sibiricus.

Chipmunk Tamias sibiricus

- I-East American (empumalanga), ihlala eNyakatho-East yeNyakatho Melika. Futhi iqukethe uhlobo olulodwa lweTamias striatus,

I-East American Chipmunk Tamias striatus

- I-subgenus yesithathu - AmaNeotamias, izinhlobo eziningi zazo ezihlala ogwini olusentshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika.

Isilwane sincane: ubude bufika ku-17 cm, umsila - kuze kufike ku-12 cm, isisindo - kuze kube ngu-110 g. Sifana ne-squirrel encane esitolo sokugcina. Ithoni yombala ejwayelekile ibomvu-grey, isisu sinombala onsundu.Ukuhlobisa okuyinhloko kwe-chipmunk yimivimbo emnyama emide engu-5 nomsila omfushane, yize kungenakukhanga njengokwe squirrel. Imilenze yangemuva mude kunangaphambili.

AmaChipmunks, njengama-gophers, ama-hamsters nezinye izinduku, anezimbobo ezivuthayo zesihlahla ezingabonakali emehlweni lapho zingenalutho, futhi ziyavuvukala lapho isilwane esincane esomile sigcwalisa ukudla okuhlukahlukene lapho. Esithombeni, i-chipmunk enezikhwama zesihlathi ezigcwele kahle.

Ama-chipmunks ayizilwane eziguqukayo, amehlo awo amakhulu, acineneyo anikeza izilwane ukubona okubanzi. Ngamehlo abamba iqhaza elikhulu ekuvikeleni ezitheni zemvelo, futhi isilo sinezindlebe eziningi ezinhle - izinyoni zezilwane ezidla inyama, izimpondo, izimpungushe, ama-martens, njll.

Zonke izinhlobo zama-chipmunks ziyafana zombili kwimikhuba nokubukeka, zihluke kancane ngombala nosayizi. Akuvamile ukuthi umbala okuthiwa "mhlophe" (ungadideki ne-albinos) ubangelwa ukuba khona kohlobo lwensalela ekhulayo.

Ukubukeka

I-chipmunk incane. Umzimba wamagundane ubude, futhi umsila ubushelelezi futhi ubude, ngamasentimitha ayi-8-12 ngosayizi. AmaChipmunks akhula abe ngamasentimitha ayi-14-17 ubude, futhi anesisindo kusuka kumagremu angama-40 kuye kwangama-120, kuya ngohlobo lolo.

I-chipmunk yase-Asia.

Amawindi angaphambili eChipmunks amafushane kunezinyawo zawo ezingemuva. Zonke izinhlobo ze-chipmunks zinesici sokuhlanganisa - imivimbo emnyama ngemuva, ehlukaniswe imivimbo yombala omhlophe noma onsundu. Isikhumba esisele yi-taupe noma i-tan.

Ijazi lifushane futhi likhulu. AmaChipmunks aguqula umbala ngezikhathi ezihlukile zonyaka. Ukuhlanza kwenzeka minyaka yonke ukusuka kuJulayi kuya kuSepthemba. Izindlebe ze-chipmunks zincane ngaphandle kwama-tassel. Izinduku zinamaphakeji esihlathini.

Ama-chipmunks ayizidalwa ezinhle kakhulu.

Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside

Umjaho ezilwaneni uqala emva hibernation. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungezwa okuthile okufana nokushaywa kwengoma kwama-chipmunks abesifazane. Ngakho-ke, bakwenza kucace kwabesilisa ukuthi bakulungele yini ukukwelana.

Ngemuva kokukhwelana, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka, okuthatha cishe inyanga futhi kuphele ngokuzalwa kwezinsana eziyizimpumputhe nezinamakhanda. Ukukhula koboya babo kukhulu kangangokuba ngezinsuku eziyi-14 kuvela ijazi loboya obuhle futhi obuhle kuma-chipmunks amancane.

Ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu, amehlo abo avuleka. Futhi endaweni ethile ngosuku lwe-120-150, kancane kancane bayaphuma endaweni yabo yokukhosela. AmaChipmunks aba nokuthomba ezinyangeni eziyi-11. Izilwane ziphila iminyaka eyi-10.

Ukuziphatha kweChipmunks kanye nokudla komsoco

AmaChipmunks ahlala endaweni enamahlathi. Bacashe phakathi kwamagatsha namahlumela ezihlahla eziwile nezivunguvungu zomoya. Ama-chipmunks ahlala eduze namanzi, ngakho-ke ama-chipmunks atholakala kakhulu ezingxenyeni eziseduzane nemifudlana nemifula.

Ama-chipmunk ayizilwane ezinothile, ahlabe izimbumbulu zawo ngempahla, kuze kufike izimvume zesikhala.

AmaChipmunks abamba izimbobo ezingaphansi komhlaba, yize ekwazi ukugibela izihlahla ngokuphelele. Lapho indawo yokuhlala isilungile, i-chipmunk ithwala umhlaba esihlathini sayo isixakeke kude nomgodi ukuze kube nzima ngabazingeli ukuthola indawo yokukhosela.

Izimbobo ze-chipmunks zinde. Emgodini kunendawo yokwakha izidleke, amakamelo ambalwa okugcina izimpahla kanye nezimbambo ezimbalwa ezingaboni ezisetshenziswa ama-chipmunks njengamaveni. Ama-chipmunks afakwe amaqabunga notshani. Lapha izilwane zitholakala ngokunethezeka ngesikhathi sasebusika hibernation. Abesifazane basebenzisa idatha yekhamera ukuzalanisa.

Lezi izinduku yizilwane herbivorous.

Ama-chipmunks ayasebenza phakathi nosuku, kodwa lapho ilanga liphuma endaweni yokukhanya, afune indawo yokufihla emiseleni noma phakathi kwamahlamvu. Emahlathini aminyene anomthunzi omningi, ama-chipmunks adla kuwo wonke amahora asemini.
Lapho kuqala ukubanda, ama-chipmunks akhuphukela phezulu kancane, khona-ke awashiyi zimbobo nhlobo. IChipmunks ilala kusuka ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Mashi.

Lezi zilwane ezinothile ziqala ukuqoqa ukudla ngenyanga ka-Agasti. Zigcwalisa izitolo zazo ngamantongomane, ama-acorn, imbewu yasendle, oats, amakhowe kanye nokolweni. Kulokhu, yonke imikhiqizo ifakwa emgqonyeni owomile kumaphara ahlukile.Inani eliphelele lezindawo ezinjalo zokugcina lingafinyelela kumakhilogremu angama-5-6.

AmaChipmunks ahlala yedwa. Uma elinye ilungu lomndeni lingena emgodini, kuqubuka impi phakathi kwama-chipmunks. Kulokhu, ekuthunjweni, lamagundane agcinwa kumaseli ahlukile.

Ama-chipmunks, njengama-squirrels, ayizilwane ezinamahloni kakhulu.

Ama-chipmunks azalela kanjani

Ama-chipmunks ayizilwane ezihlala zodwa, kuphela lapho abesilisa besenkathi yokuzalela besilisa bakha ngababili. Owesifazane ukhulelwa amahlandla amabili ngonyaka. Izingane zizalwa kanye ngoMeyi, kwesinye isikhathi ngo-Agasti. AmaChipmunks ahlala ezindaweni ezibandayo anodoti owodwa kuphela.

Inqubo yokukhulelwa ihlala inyanga eyi-1, emva kwalokho kuzalwe izingane ezingama-4-5. Kwezinye izimo, kungafikelwa amazinyane angafika ku-10. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ziyimpumputhe futhi zinqunu, amehlo abo avuleka emva kwenyanga eyi-1 yokuzalwa.

Umama udla ubisi lwe-chipmunks izinyanga ezimbili. Ukukhula okusha kushiya omama kakade ngenyanga ye-3 yokuphila. Futhi ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, ama-chipmunks avuthwa ngokocansi. Endle, ama-chipmunks, njengomthetho, angahlali ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-3, kepha ekuthunjweni la ma-rodent aphila iminyaka eyi-7 000.

Ngendlela efanele, i-chipmunk ingashintshwa kalula.

Umsoco

Ngokuyinhloko, ukudla okutshalwa kuqala ngaphambi kokudla kwesilwane. Ngezikhathi ezithile izinambuzane zingena kumenyu. Ama-chipmunks athanda kakhulu amakhowe, ama-nyathi kanye nama-nati kaphayini, ama-acorn, amakhambi, amahlumela amasha, amaqabunga nembewu yezitshalo, amajikijolo, okusanhlamvu, uphizi, imbewu yethanga, ifilakisi, ummbila kanye nokunye okufana nokolweni.

Kwesinye isikhathi angajabulela ama-apricots, amaplamu, ukhukhamba. Lezi zilwane ziphindaphindeke zaba abalingiswa abaphambili kumafilimu amaningi anezithombe. Isibonelo esihle salokhu ikhathuni "U-Alvin kanye namaChipmunks ».

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zilwane ezibonakala zibukeka kalula zithandwa kangangokuba umfanekiso we-chipmunk kungabonakala ezingalweni zamanye amadolobha, isibonelo, iVolchansk neKrasasurinsk.

I-chipmunk yesilwane iyi-rodent encane, iyisihlobo esiseduze segwele. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesilwane esinemibala namalungu omndeni waso? Uhlala kuphi futhi udlani?

Kunezinhlobo ezingama-24 zama-chipmunks, ezingama-23 kuzo zihlala eNyakatho Melika kanti ziyi-1 kuphela izinhlobo ezise-Easia. Kukhona ama-chipmunks amaningi eMelika; ahlala eMexico nase-Alaska. Iningi lamagundane lihlala eNyakatho Melika.

Ama-chipmunks ase-Eurasian ahlala isikhala esikhulu kusuka ezifundeni zaseYurophu zaseRussia kuya enyakatho neChina, Korea naseJapan. AmaChipmunks nawo ahlala e-Central Europe, alethwa lapho njengezilwane ezifuywayo, kepha abanye abamele babalekela bathatha impande endle.

Izitha zeChipmunk

Lapho kuvela ingozi, ama-chipmunks ayaxhuma futhi ashaye ikhwela, bese ehlala emilenzeni yawo yangasemuva abuke nxazonke. Lapho ingozi incipha, isilwane siyehla, kungenjalo ngokushesha siyabaleka. Ama-chipmunks asindiswa engozini, njengomthetho, ezihlahleni noma ngokhuni olufile.

Njengoba ama-chipmunks mancane, kukhona inani elikhulu kakhulu labazingeli abafuna ukudla kulawa makhulu. Izinyamazane zomhlaba ezincane nezinyoni ezidla ama-chipmunks.

Ekuthunjweni, ama-chipmunks avumelana nezimo ngokuphelele. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ama-chipmunks aphile isikhathi eside. Lezi izinduku zithathwa kalula ngabantu.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.

I-Chipmunks: indawo yokuhlala, indlela yokuphila

AmaChipmunks ahlala emahlathini acijile, anqumayo futhi axubile, iningi lawo atholakala emigwaqweni, emaphethelweni, ezigodini zemifula, ezindaweni ezigcwele ihlathi, lapho kuwele khona. Bahlala ezintabeni kuze kube semkhawulweni wokusatshalaliswa kwamahlathi. Igwema amahlathi epaki ngaphandle kokugcwala komhlaba kanye nokushaywa umoya, kanye namaxhaphozi. I-chipmunk yaseMpumalanga imvamisa ihlala phakathi kwamadwala namatshe amatshe.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ama-chipmunks adla kakhulu imbewu yezitshalo zasendle ezahlukahlukene futhi ezitshaliwe, ngezikhathi ezithile zihlukanisa ukudla kwazo nezinambuzane nezinambuzane. Izilwane zigibela izihlahla ngokuphelele, kusemthini lapho zikhipha khona okutholakalayo.

Otshanini obukhulu, ngaphansi kwezihlahla eziwile, izimpande zazo kanye neziqu, ama-chipmunks abamba izimbobo ezinamakamelo amaningi, acasha ukungena ngaphakathi kwamagatsha esihlahla namatshe.

Isilwane ngasinye sinendawo yokuhlala ehlukile, imijondolo eminingi yama-chipmunks isondelene, noma isondele komunye nomunye - izilwane zingakha amakoloni wonke. Kepha ngesimo sazo, lezi zilwane zingomzwangedwa. Ngayinye inesakhiwo sayo, futhi ukwephulwa kwemingcele yamuva kuholela ekulweni okungatheni. Emasimini okusanhlamvu kuvame ukwenzeka ukuthi kuhlangane nenqwaba yama-chipmunks, kepha ngamunye wabo usazama ukugcizelela ukwahlukanisa kwabo - izilwane zimaka iziza zazo ngomchamo noma ngephunga lomzimba, elizishiya lapho zihlikihla isisu sazo emhlabathini. IChipmunks iqapha ngokuqinile ukuthi umakhelwane wephula umngcele.

Indawo yokuhlala ye-chipmunk inazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo: ihholo lokungena, igumbi lokulala, igumbi lokuphumula kanye nendlu yangasese. Igumbi lokulala lihlala lingene kahle. Esikhundleni se-pantries kugcinwa ukudla okugcinelwe ubusika - imbewu, okusanhlamvu, ama-acorns, amantongomane, njll. Isilwane ngasinye esinesisindo esingu-100 g siqoqa kusuka kumakhilogremu amabili kuya kwayi-8 okudla obusika!

Kucace bha ukuthi ikhilogramu lokudla lizoba ngaphezulu kwenele ebusika, kepha ukuthambekela kwemvelo akuvumeli ukuthi i-rodent ihlale ithule futhi nokwenza ukuthi isitokhwe sezilwane sibe ngcono, futhi okukhona kube ngcono. Irayisi elicocekile ngokucophelela lungisa lokho okuhlinzekiwe bese likugoqa kube ngama-pantries ahlukile. AmaChipmunks aqala ukusebenza endaweni engxenyeni yesibini ka-Agasti. Amasheya athuthwa, njengokudla okujwayelekile, emaphaketheni esihlathini, imvamisa eqhele ngamakhilomitha.

Izilwane zihlala isikhathi eside, kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Ephreli, cishe kuyo yonke indawo yokusatshalaliswa. Sonke lesi sikhathi bachitha emgodini womgodi wabo, kwesinye isikhathi bavuka ukuze badle. Ngesikhathi hibernation, njengomthetho, ama-chipmunks awadli konke okugciniwe, eshiya iningi lawo lisentwasahlobo elambile. Uma noma yisiphi isilwane sonakala esitokisini se-chipmunk (lokhu kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ngamabhere), ubusika bungaphela ngokwehluleka isilwane.

Kunamahlebezi wokuthi ama-chipmunks ayizilwane ezifuna ukuzibulala, okuthiwa zilenga emagatsheni uma ama-pantries awo echithiwe. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuyona into edlula izindaba zabazingeli baseSiberia. Umqondo wokuzivikela uzothuthukiswa kakhulu ezilwaneni, futhi akukho okungathiwa "ukuzibulala".

Ngemuva kokuthi ama-chipmunks aphume ekubandakanyeni, aqala umjaho. Ngalesi sikhathi, izintokazi ziveza imizwa yazo yokuguga, zibiza abesilisa ngemisindo yesimo esifana nekhala elizwakalayo.

Isikhathi sokukhulelwa ngowesifazane izinsuku ezingama-30 kuya kwezingu-32. Imvamisa kuzalwa izingane ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6, kuyaqabukela ngaphezulu. IBurundi izalwa iyimpumputhe futhi ingenazinwele, kepha izinwele zikhula ngokushesha kangangokuba kungakapheli amasonto amabili luzelwe, isilwane ngasinye siba ngumnikazi woboya obuhle obukhulu. Cishe ngosuku lwamashumi amabili lokuphila, amawundlu avula amehlo awo. Futhi ngemuva kwamasonto angama-4-5, lapho isikhathi sokuphaka siphela, aqala ukushiya umgodi. Izilwane zifinyelela esikhathini sokuthomba kunokuba sekwephuzile - eneminyaka engu-11 izinyanga.

Kuzo zonke izinduku, ama-chipmunks mhlawumbe afaneleke kakhulu endimeni yezilwane ezifuywayo.

Chipmunk njengesilwane esifuywayo

Njengoba i-chipmunk yezilwane zasekhaya inezinzuzo eziningi. Isilwane asidingi isikhala esiningi, asinawo iphunga "legundwane" elithile, libonakala ngokuhlanzeka (kwanele ukuhlanza ikheji kanye ngesonto), futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi i-chipmunk iyasebenza phakathi nosuku futhi ilala ngokuthula ebusuku, okuqhathaniswa kahle namanye amagundane amaningi ahola indlela yokuphila yasesikhathini. Ukunakekela i-chipmunk akusiwona umthwalo, futhi awudingi ukukhipha ubuchopho bakho ngaphezulu kokulungiswa kokudla - i-chipmunk iyamangaza, kulula ukuyinika ukudla.

I-chipmunk ithembela futhi yenza kalula ukuxhumana nabantu. Ukuyilawula, udinga nje ukuyondla njalo ezandleni zakho. Kuliqiniso, uma ungamnaki isikhathi esithile, wonke amakhono azokhohlwa, futhi kuzofanela uphinde wakhe ubuhlobo “obunobungane” futhi.

Ekhaya, i-chipmunk ingaphila iminyaka eyishumi, kanti endaweni yemvelo ubudala bayo abude - ayikho iminyaka emithathu noma emine.

Phakathi kokushiyeka kungaphawuleka ukuthi kungenzeka ukuwela ekucasukeni nolaka kubazalwane ebusika uma i-hibernation ingenzekanga. Ngokwemvelo, ukuvinjezelwa kwalezi zilwane kuhlala kusukela ekwindla kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMashi. AmaChipmunks ahlala eflethini ngalesi sikhathi ahamba kancane. Kwenzeka ukuthi isikhathi eside bangashiyi izindlu zabo, kepha ngezikhathi ezithile bavuka bayolula amathambo abo baziqabule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane zinelukuluku kakhulu, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukuzikhipha ekhejini bese uziyeka zinganakekelwa.

Joyina amaChipmunks

Abesifazane bahlangana kalula, kepha lapho abesilisa bendawonye, ​​izingxabano zivame ukugwemeka. Kunconywa ukuthi abesilisa nabesifazane bafakwe emgodini owodwa kuphela uma befisa ukuzala. Uma uhlela ukuzala ama-chipmunks, ungathathi izinsana kusuka kudoti owodwa!

Isifiso, esibekwe phansi ngokwemvelo, sokugcina izimpahla zabo ezihlotsheni sichaza ubudlelwane bama-chipmunks nomunye. Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo, izilwane zihlanganiswa ngokuthula, ekudingisweni ngesinye isikhathi kule nkathi umbhangqwana noma izingane zamagundane zingagcinwa ekheji elivamile (yize kungcono ukungakwenzi lokhu). Kepha ekupheleni kuka-Agasti - Septhemba, baba ababekezeleli kakhulu omakhelwane besitokisi sabo futhi bahlala belwa. Kwenzeka ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi ubudlelwane ngisho nomnikazi buwohloka, ngoba ama-chipmunks adinga ukuvikeleka "kubangaphandle" ebusika.

Izindlu zeChipmunks

I-Chipmunks - izilwane zilukhuni kakhulu futhi ziyasebenza, ngokwemvelo ngehora eli-1 ziyakwazi ukuhamba ibanga elingaphezu kwe-12 km. Ukuze kwaneliswe isidingo sokuhamba kwezilwane ezifuywayo ezisebenzayo, ikheji kumele libe libanzi ngokwanele - okungenani amasentimitha angama-50, amasentimitha angama-50 ububanzi nama-100 cm ukuphakama. Kudingeka ukuphakama kwamamitha, njengoba ama-chipmunks ethanda ukukhuphuka. Uma ikheyi liqukethe izilwane ezimbili, ubukhulu bekheji kufanele lenyuswe okungenani kabili.

Ikheji kufanele libe yinsimbi ngezinduku ezicijelwe nge-nickel, ibanga phakathi kwezinduku alikho ngaphezu kuka-1.5 cm. Ngaphakathi kwekheji, kubalulekile ukusungula amagatsha lapho isilwane singagibela khona. Indlu yokulala ingenye indawo yesengezo edingekayo, ubukhulu bayo bungama-15 × 15x15 cm, ububanzi bokulingene bungama-cm okungenani ama-3. Kungcono uma indlu yenziwe ngokhuni. Uma izilwane eziningana zigcinwa ekhejini, khona-ke kufanele kunikezwe indlu ehlukile ngayinye. Ukuhlanzwa okulula, phansi kwekheji kungenziwa ngesimo ekhabetheni. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-peat njengedoti, futhi i-sawdust izofanela.

Qinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ama-feeders, isitsha sokuphuza se-othomathikhi nesondo eligijimayo ekhejini (khetha isondo kusuka kububanzi obungu-18 cm, elinendawo eqinile).

Noma kunendawo ebanzi eyanele futhi ifakelwe konke okudingekayo kwezindlu, ama-chipmunks ngezikhathi ezithile adinga ukukhishwa ekhejini lokuhamba, uma kungenjalo bazothuthukisa umnyakazo ofanayo - lesi silwane sigxuma sisuka phansi sesiya odongeni lwekhoji, sisuka odongeni siye ophahleni futhi siphansi phansi. Futhi ngokungapheli. Lokhu kuziphatha kwe-chipmunk kusikisela ukuthi ayinayo indawo eyanele yokuhlala. Kepha ungakhohlwa ukuthi ngenkathi uhambela isilwane esinelukuluku udinga iso neso!

Ama-chipmunks awakwazi ukubekezelela ukushisa futhi angafa nokufa ngokweqile, ngokuba ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga eshisayo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukugcina iseli endaweni enomthunzi. Kepha ilanga akufanele lincishwe ngokuphelele isilwane. Kwesinye isikhathi, ekuseni, lapho ilanga lingakabhaki namanje, ungabeka ikheji efasiteleni. Kufanele kube nendawo endaweni yezinyoni lapho isilwane singacasha khona elangeni.

I-Hibernation

Njengoba sekushiwo, imvelo ihlelwe ngendlela yokuthi ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ebusika, ama-chipmunks hibernate. Lapho ama-chipmunks egcinwa ekhaya, i-hibernation kungenzeka ingenzeki, ikakhulukazi uma izilwane zigcinwa emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni njalo.Kukuthi nje ukuthi isilwane siqala ukusebenza, kuvame ukushiya indawo yaso yokuhlala. Kodwa uma une-pair yezilwane, futhi ehlobo elilandelayo ufuna ukuthola inzalo kuzo, i-hibernation izodinga ukuhlelwa ngokufudumele ngokwehlisa izinga lokushisa egumbini lokugcina izilwane ezifuywayo zigcinwa kulo + 5- + 10 C cishe.

Ukuzondla ngeChipmunk

Ukudla okuphelele kwe-chipmunk kuqukethe ukudla okwomile nokudla okunejusi okunezithako ezincane zamaprotheni ezilwane.

Ingxenye yokudla eyomile ekudleni kwama-rodent kufanele ibe ngama-70%. Namuhla ezitolo ezikhethekile ungathola okuphakelayo okwenzelwe ama-chipmunks, futhi ingxube yokudla eyenzelwe ama-squirrels noma ama-hamsters izowanela. Kodwa kungcono ukukhetha imikhiqizo yabakhiqizi abaziwayo, abathembekile, ngokwesibonelo i-Fiory, Padovan, Beaphar. Lokhu kudla kuzonikeza i-rodent yakho enemithende cishe ngakho konke okudingayo.

Ama-chipmunks ayakujabulela ukudla zonke izinhlobo zamantongomane. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi izilwane azikwazi ukunikezwa ama-alimondi - iqukethe i-hydrocyanic acid eyingozi. Amantongomane, ngaphandle komsedari, anike i-peeled. I-Oatmeal, imbewu, ama-acorns, okusanhlamvu, amahlumela amagatsha - konke lokhu kuzosebenza njengokudla okuhle kakhulu futhi okuwusizo kwesilwane sakho esinemibala.

Ukudla okunoshukela - Izingxenye eziluhlaza zezitshalo, amajikijolo, izithelo nemifino - kufanele zenze cishe i-30% yesabelo sesilwane.

Izithelo nokudla okuluhlaza kufanele kugezwe futhi kuhlolongwe kahle, ngoba izilwane zithambekele kwimithi yokubulala izinambuzane.

Kabili ngesonto, isilwanyana esinemigqa sinikezwa isengezo samaprotheni. Kulesi sikhundla, amakhethini, ama-wafobos, izibungu zikafulawa, izintethe, izintethe, kufanelekile. Abanye abantu abanandaba nokunambitha ushizi wekotishi onamafutha amancane, amaqanda, inkukhu ebilisiwe (inyama enamafutha nenkukhu akufanele kunikezwe).

Ngaphandle kokuthi isilwane sizodla cishe konke obekungenakunikelwa kuye, ukudla okuvela etafuleni lomuntu, njenge-sausage, amaswidi, njll. kungekudala kuholele ezinkingeni zempilo. Ama-chipmunks, njengama-rod amaningi, afakwa ku-fry, ebhakisiwe, enosawoti, omuncu, ngaphandle kokwehla kodo loju, ngezinye izikhathi ongabhalwa kulo isilwane), usawoti, izinongo kanye nezivimbelalwazi.

Ungakhohlwa, kumele kube khona njalo amanzi amasha enkabeni.

Hlola ama-pantries we-chipmunk njalo ukuze izinsiza eziqoqiwe zingaqali ukuwohloka. Ngenombolo yezitoko, ungabona ukuthi i-chipmunk ithola okuphakelayo okwanele yini.

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthola le ndoda ebukekayo ekhaya, khona-ke asikukhuthazi ukuthenga i-chipmunk ezandleni zakho noma emakethe yezinyoni - kungenzeka ilethe isilwane esigulayo ekhaya nasekhaya. Kungcono ukuchitha isikhathi ufuna umfuyi omuhle - ngakho-ke uthola i-chipmunk enempilo, futhi enempilo, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ungathola izeluleko ezinekhono ngokunakekelwa nokugcinwa.

Kuwo wonke umndeni we-squirrel, mhlawumbe, yizi-chipmunks ezinokubukeka okuhle nokuhle kakhulu. Naphezu kobudlelwano obusondelene ne-landhog ne-gopher, i-chipmunk isafana kakhulu ne-squirrel encane.

Indlela yokuphila yeChipmunk

Lokhu kungumuntu obengezelele umuntu ovuma umlingani wakho kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-chipmunk ihlala futhi idle yodwa, ihlabe ngesakhiwo sayo (amahektha ayi-1-3) ifuna ukudla. Kubhekwa njengesilwane esixazululiwe, akufani nokuhamba kude nezindlu ngo-0-0-0.2 km. Kepha ezinye izilwane ziqhubeka nohambo olude, zifinyelela ku-1.5 km ngesikhathi sokuzalela kanye ne-1-2 km lapho zigcinwa ukudla.

Ukhuphuka izihlahla ngokuphelele futhi undiza esuka komunye kuya kwesinye ibanga elingafika kumamitha ayi-6, eqa ngokweqile esuka phezulu eziqongweni zamamitha ayi-10. Uma kunesidingo, isilwane sigijima ngaphezu kwe-12 km ngehora. Imvamisa kuhlala emigodini, kepha izidleke phakathi kwamatshe, kanye nasemigodini enezindawo eziphansi kanye neziqu ezibolile, kwakha izidleke. Imbobo yehlobo iyigumbi elilodwa ekujuleni kwengxenye yemitha (kwesinye isikhathi ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-0.7), lapho indlela ethambekeleyo iholela khona.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Eqeshini lasebusika, inani lamakamelo ayindilinga liphindwe kabili: elingezansi (ekujuleni kuka-0.7-1,3 m) linikezwa i-pantry, futhi phezulu (ekujuleni kuka-0.5-0.9 m) ilungiselelwe ikamelo lokulala nobusika nomnyango wamaqembu.

Kumakhaza, i-chipmunk iyahamba ibheke phezulu, ivuke ukwanelisa indlala futhi ilale futhi. Indlela yokuphuma kwe-hibernation iboshelwe kwisimo sezulu. Ngaphambi kwabanye, izinduku zivuka, imisele yayo yakhiwe emithambekeni enelanga, okuthi noma kunjalo, kungabavimbeli ukuthi babuyele emhlabathini ngokuphola okungazelelwe. Lapha balinda ukuqala kwezinsuku ezifudumele, eziqiniswa izinsalela zamasheya.

UNora futhi usebenza njengendawo yokukhosela ngenkathi yezimvula, kepha ngosuku olucwathile lwehlobo, i-chipmunk ishiya ikhaya layo ekuseni, kuze kuphume ilanga, ukuze ingakhathaleki ekushiseni. Ngemuva kokulala isikhathi esichithwe emgodini, izilwane ziphinde zivele ebusweni futhi zifune ukudla okuvele ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga. Ntambama, ama-chipmunks kuphela ahlala endaweni eminyene, ehlathini elinemithunzi akafihli ngaphansi komhlabathi.

Ukuvuna ukudla

Ama-chipmunks afakwa ngendlela efanelekile lapho kulindelwe ukubonwa isikhathi eside sasebusika, awenelwanga ngezipho zehlathi nokungenela kwezilimo. Akumangalisi ukuthi i-rodent ihlukaniswa njenge-pest yezitshalo eziyingozi, ikakhulukazi kulezo zindawo lapho amasimu ahlangana khona namahlathi: lapha ama-chipmunks avuna imbewu yokugcina.

Kuyo yonke le minyaka, lesi silwane sithuthukise amaqhinga aso wokuqoqa okusanhlamvu, okubukeka kunje:

1. Uma isinkwa singesisiqinisi ikakhulukazi, i-chipmunk ithola ukhuni oluqinile bese, ilinciphisela, igxume.
2. Isiqu siyagoba, nodondolo luyakhasa kulo, lubambe ngezidladla zalo luze lufinyelele endlebeni.
3. Uyaluma indlebe futhi ngokushesha akhethe okusanhlamvu kuyo, ayigoqele emasakeni esihlathini.
4. Ezilimo eziwugqinsi (lapho kungenakwenzeka khona ukuthambisa utshani), i-chipmunk iyaluma isuka ngaphansi ngezingxenye ize ifike endlebeni.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Konke okutshala ehlathini nalokho okutshontshelwa yizihlahla ezitshaliwe: amakhowe, amantongomane, ama-acorns, ama-apula, imbewu yasendle, ama-sunflower, amajikijolo, ukolweni, ama-buckwheat, oats, ifilakisi hhayi ukuwela kuphela kuma-pantm chip.

Konke ukunqunyelwa okwenziwe ngemikhiqizo akuvamelwa emgodini owodwa, kepha ukukhethwa kwabo kuhlala kumangalisa. Njengomgcini oshisekayo, i-chipmunk ihlinzeka ngohlobo, ihlukanise komunye nomunye ngotshani obomile noma ngamaqabunga. Isisindo sisonke samasheya wokuphakelwa ubusika kwethala elilodwa ngu-5-6 kg.

Habitat, indawo yokuhlala

Izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo ezingama-25 zohlobo lwamaTamias ezihlala eNyakatho Melika, kanti kutholakala i-Tamias sibiricus eyodwa (yase-Asia, ebizwa nangokuthi yi-chipmunk yaseSiberia) eRussia, futhi ngokunembile, enyakatho yengxenye yayo yaseYurophu, i-Urals, iSiberia kanye neMpumalanga Ekude. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-chipmunk yaseSiberia yabonwa esiQhingini saseHokkaido, eChina, ePeninsula yaseKorea, nakwamanye amazwe asenyakatho yeYurophu.

Ama-chipmunks amathathu we-subgenus ahlukaniswa:

• ISiberia / i-Asiya - ifaka okuwukuphela kwezinhlobo zikaTamias sibiricus,
• I-East American - futhi ivezwe inhlobo eyodwa yeTamias striatus,
• I-Neotamias - inezinhlobo ezingama-23 ezihlala entshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika.

Izinduku ezifakwe kuma-subgenus amabili okugcina ziye zathola yonke iNyakatho Melika ukusuka enkabeni yeMexico kuya e-Arctic Circle. I-chipmunk yase-East American, njengoba igama lisho, ihlala empumalanga yezwekazi laseMelika. Amagundane asendle aphumile aphuma emapulazini ezilwane aqala ukugcwala ezifundeni eziningana zasenkabeni yeYurophu.

Kubalulekile! Ama-chipmunk aseMpumalanga azivumelanisa nendlela yokuhlala phakathi kwamadwala namatshe amatshe, izinhlobo ezisele zithanda amahlathi (i-coniferous, exubekile neqabile).

Izilwane zigwema izindawo ezinamaxhaphozi, kanye nezindawo ezivulekile namahlathi amade lapho kungekho gula noma izihlahlana ezisencane. Kuhle uma kukhona izihlahla ezindala ehlathini zithweswe umqhele onamandla, kepha hhayi amathanga amade kakhulu wewillow, i-bird cherry noma i-birch azolingana. AmaChipmunks angatholakala nasezingxenyeni eziningi ezihlakazekile zehlathi lapho kunesivunguvungu somoya / ukhuni olushonile, ezigodini zemifula, emaphethelweni ehlathi nasezindongeni eziningi.

Ukudla kweChipmunk

Imenyu enama-rodent liphethwe ngokudla kwezitshalo, okunezelwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngamaprotheni ezilwane.

Ukuqhathaniswa okungenzeka kokudla kwama-chipmunks:

• imbewu / izihlahla zemifino namahlumela amasha,
• imbewu yezitshalo zezolimo futhi ngezikhathi ezithile amahlumela awo,
• amajikijolo namakhowe,
• imbewu yotshani nezihlahlana,
• ama-acorn namantongomane
• izinambuzane
• izibungu kanye nemollusks,
• amaqanda ezinyoni.

AmaChipmunks adlula eduzane azotshelwa ngezinsalela zokudla - izinhlamvu ezixubile ze-conifers namantongomane e-hazel / umsedari.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Iqiniso lokuthi bekuyi-chipmunk edla lapha, hhayi squirrel, izokhonjiswa iminonjana emincane, kanye nodoti oshiywe yiwo - kulele ezinqwabweni zama- "okusanhlamvu" amade ayindilinga afanayo ne-barberry.

Ukumiswa kusengaphambili kwe-rodent akugcini ngokutshala izitshalo zasendle. Lapho esezinsimini nasezingadini, uhlukanisa isidlo sakhe namasiko anjengalawa:

• okusanhlamvu
• ummbila
• i-buckwheat
• uphizi nefilakisi
• ama-apula kanye nama-plums,
• ubhekilanga
• ukhukhamba.

Uma ukudla kudlulile, ama-chipmunks ayofuna ukudla emasimini nasezivandeni ezingomakhelwane. Ngokutshala izithombo zokusanhlamvu, zibangela ukulimala okubonakalayo kubalimi. Kusungulwe ukuthi ukufuduka kweningi okungahambi njalo kubangelwa ukwehluleka kwezitshalo kwalolu hlobo lokuphakelwa, njengembewu yomsedari.

I-chipmunk yase-Eshiya noma yaseSiberia (isiLatini Tamias sibiricus) isilwane esinyanyisayo sohlobo lwe-chipmunk lomndeni wama-squirrel. Ukuphela kwezinhlobo zama-chipmunks ahlala e-Eurasia (ezinye zitholakala eNyakatho Melika). Kuvame ukwahlukaniswa kuhlobo oluhlukile - i-Eutamias.

Konke mayelana ne-chipmunks

IChipmunk encane (incane kune-squirrel evamile), isilwane esithambile esinomzimba ophakeme. Ubude bomzimba ongu-12-17 cm, umsila ongu-7-12 cm, isisindo esingu-80-111 g.Imilenze imfishane kunama-squirrels, imilenze yangemuva yinde kunangaphambili. Izinyawo zimbozwe kancane izinwele.

Umbala we-visualgated: emhlane uma uphikisana nesendlalelo esimpunga noma esinsundu ibanga le-5 imicu emide emide ehlukaniswe ukukhanya. Isisu simhlophe. Umsila grey ngaphezulu, ukugqwala ngezansi. I-hairline imfushane, inomgogodla olubi, umbala awushintshi ngesizini. IChipmunk sheds kanye ngonyaka, ngoJulayi-Septhemba. Izindlebe zincanyana, zibubende kancane, ngaphandle kwamabhulashi wokugcina. Kunamaphakeji esihlathini athuthukisiwe.

IQINISO LOKUGCINA
IChipmunk nebhere kwakukade kunomusa, zihlala zihlanganyela noma yisiphi isiphiwo. Ngesinye isikhathi, ibhere lalibonakala, noma empeleni i-chipmunk izamile ukukopela kuye, kodwa kuphela ayethukuthele kakhulu. IChipmunk ibonile ukuthi izinto zingaphetha kabi, bese zigijima zigijime. UMisha wambamba ngesihlakala sakhe esinezimpaphe, kepha waphunyuka, emhlane wakhe kwakunezihlakala zamabhere ayi-5.

Ukusatshalaliswa

I-chipmunk yase-Asia isasazeke esifundeni se-taiga sase-Eurasia: ukusuka enyakatho-empumalanga yengxenye ye-Russia yaseRussia kuya eMpumalanga Ekude (kufaka phakathi isifunda saseMagadan), iNyakatho neMongolia, iziqhingi zaseSakhalin naseHokkaido. Kuze kube yiminyaka engama-70-80. I-XX century ibingekho eKamchatka, yaqoshwa ngqo emaphethelweni ezigodini zemifula yasePalana naseYelovka ngonyaka we-1983, engxenyeni esenyakatho yeKamchatka Krai ihlala ezigodini zemifula ye-Vyvenka, Apuk nePenzhina. IChipmunk iliningi ikakhulukazi emahlathini emisedari aqinile wePrimorsky Territory, lapho ama-chipmunks angama-200 ukuya kwangama-200 angahlala khona 1 km² ngeminyaka evumayo.

Ukuzala amaChipmunks

Isikhathi sokuzala sama-chipmunks siba ngo-Ephreli - Meyi, ngemuva kokuvuka kusuka ku-hibernation. Ama-Cuba azalwa ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - Juni ngemuva kokukhulelwa kwezinsuku ezingama-30. Isisindo samawundlu ngu-3-4 g, azalwa enqunu futhi eyimpumputhe. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, imivimbo emnyama ivela emhlane wabo. Amehlo avuleka izinsuku ezingama-31. Bahlala nonina izinyanga ezi-2. Isifiso sempilo yiminyaka engama-2-3 emvelweni, ekuthunjweni - iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10.

Inani lomuntu

I-chipmunk yaseSiberia inenani elincane lokuhweba (isikhumba siyasetshenziswa). Engxenyeni esempumalanga yebanga, kulimaza izilimo zokusanhlamvu nezilimo zasengadini kwezinye izindawo. Kuyisithwali semvelo okungenani sezifo ezingama-8 zemvelo ezigxile (i-encephalitis ebekwa umkhaza, i-rickettsiosis, i-toxoplasmosis, njll.).

Ngekhulu elidlule, cishe kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka yama-80s, izikhumba ze-chipmunk zazihlinzekwa njalo ngama-billets. Ngaphandle kokuphansi kakhulu - ambalwa kuphela ama-kopecks - intengo yokuthenga, izakhamizi eziningi zasendaweni zazibandakanyekile ekukhishweni kwalezi zilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ababambiqhaza abaphambili ekudobeni ezimeni eziningi kwakungezingane, ngisho nabesifazane.Ikakhulu izilwane eziningi zabanjwa entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokuzala, lapho abesilisa bekhuthele. Njengomthetho, kwakusetshenziswa izindlela zokuzingela ezingenazikhali - izihibe kwizigxobo ezingatheni (kaningi izinduku), izigaxa, iminsalo.

Izikhumba eziningi, eziphezulu ezingama-278 000 (1935), zathengwa engxenyeni yesibili yama-30s. eyedlule. Kamuva, umsebenzi wokusebenza ngokuhamba kancane kodwa ngokuqinile wehla ngokuphela kweminyaka yama-80s. amile. Ngakho-ke, kuze kube manje, i-chipmunk isilahlile ngokuphelele isimo sezinhlobo zezentengiselwano.

I-Chipmunk ithathelwa kalula futhi ingagcinwa njengesilwane esifuywayo.

Abantu bendawo bakholelwa ukuthi "ukukhala" okunjalo kwe-chipmunk kuyisimo semvula noma ezinye izinkinga zesimo sezulu. Abanye abacwaningi babhale ngalesi sici sokuziphatha kwe-chipmunks. Ukuqashelwa okwenziwe isikhathi eside nakho kukhombisa ukuthi ezimweni eziningi, yize kungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngemuva kwezimpawu ezinjalo ze-chipmunk kuzoba nokuna kwezulu noma esinye isimo sezulu esibi.

Ukuba khona emazweni alesi silwane esisebenzayo, esisebenzayo, esingenakuzithokozisa sivuselela kakhulu. IChipmunk cishe iyisakhamuzi sayo esiphawuleka kakhulu kule taiga. Futhi kufanelekile ukugcina "kumakhandlela aphilayo" wezikhungo zezingane noma ekhaya kanye nabathandi bezilwane. Futhi lesi silwane esincane esihle - i-chipmunk - ingenye yezinto zokubonga zabaqalayo abathanda izithombe zasendle nezithombe zasendle.

Heraldry

Isilwane esingajwayelekile samakhambi, asikuso ngokwezimpawu zaso ezibukwayo nophawu lwaso empeleni asifani neqwele. Zombili lezi zimpawu zibonakala ngokuba khona komsila omuhle kakhulu futhi nokwazi kwangaphambili okufushane. Isici esithile salesi sibalo imivimbo emide ngemuva, okukhonjiswa mnyama. Phakathi kwezifanekiselo zesifunda saseSverdlovsk, kutholakala chipmunk komasipala ababili abangomakhelwane. I-"chipmunk prancing yegolide enomsila ophakeme" iboniswa engxenyeni yezandla zedolobha laseKrasnoturinsk njengesifanekiselo sokamisa abantu abazibiza ngawo. "I-chipmunk yegolide enamehlo amnyama nemivimbo emhlane evelayo ithiphu ebomvu" ejokeni lezingalo zedolobha laseVolchansky ngokuyikho kubonakaliswa ukutjhisa kwamahlathi azungeze idolobha, nobuhlakani nokuhlanzeka kwezakhamuzi zakule ndawo.

NgesiLatini, igama le-chipmunks libhalwe ngokuthi iTamias. Ngokuqondene negama laseRussia, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemvelaphi. Enye yazo ukuboleka nokuguqulwa kusuka olimini lwesiTatar, lapho kubhalwe khona i- "chipmunk" njenge "boryndyk". Inketho yesibili ukusukelwa egameni lesi-Mari uromdok, kepha bambalwa ababambelela kule nguqulo.

AmaChipmuns asabalele eNyakatho Melika; ahlala cishe kulo lonke izwekazi. Zonke izinhlobo ezikhona zihlala lapho, ngaphandle kwe-chipmunk yase-Asia noma yaseSiberia, etholakala eYurophu naseRussia.

Ukubukeka

Ngokuya ngezinhlobo zezilwane, izilwane zifinyelela kusayizi wamasentimitha amahlanu kuya kwayi-15, umsila ungasukela kumasentimitha ayi-7 kuye kwayi-12. Isisindo siyahluka kusuka ku-20 kuye ku-120 amagremu. Onke ama-chipmunks anento eyodwa afana ngayo - imivimbo emihlanu etholakala ngemuva kanye nobude.

Imichilo ihlukaniswa imigqa emnyama noma grey. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izinwele zesilwane zingaba nsundu ngokubomvu noma zibe nsundu. Ngenxa yokufana kwangaphandle, izinhlobo eziningi zama-chipmunks kunzima ukuzihlukanisa komunye nomunye. Bayi-3 sebebonke, kepha yilowo nalowo uhlukaniswe enye imixhaso engama-24, ukuze ochwepheshe kuphela bakwazi ukubhekana nokuba ngabomndeni othize.

Ahlala kuphi ama-chipmunks? Izithombe, indawo yokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlobo

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, inani elikhulu lezilwane lihlala eNyakatho Melika. Ukusatshalaliswa kwama-chipmunks kubanzi kangangokuba atholakala enkabeni neMexico naseArctic Circle. I-chipmunk yaseMelika ihlala engxenyeni esempumalanga yezwekazi laseNyakatho Melika, kanti kunama-subspecies angama-23 ahlala entshonalanga.

Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukuthi i-chipmunk ihlala kuphi, lapho kuhlangana khona iRussia. Lesi yiMpumalanga Ekude, Isifunda SaseMagadan, Isiqhingi Sakhalin. Akuvamile, kepha kutholakala eKamchatka.Kepha ngaphezu kwakho konke wayethanda amahlathi emisedari futhi anwebile wePrimorsky Territory. Eminyakeni enhle, inani lezilwane ngekhilomitha elilodwa le-skwele lingama-200-300 izingcezu.

E-Europe maphakathi, kukhona ama-chipmunks abaleka evela emapulazini lapho edlalelwa khona, futhi akwazi ukujwayela indle. Izinhlobo zakamuva iyi-chipmunk encane ehlala eCanada.

Habitat

Ama-chipmunks angawomndeni we-squirrel futhi afana nama-squirrels. Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili. Ama-squirrels athanda ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi ezihlahleni, kuyilapho ama-chipmunks ahlala emhlabathini. Imvamisa zitholakala emahlathini, kepha kwesinye isikhathi zihlala endaweni evulekile embozwe ngamakati.

Amahlathi lapho i-chipmunk ihlala khona, endaweni lapho kuhlangana indawo. Isibonelo, eMelika, lawa amahlathi anqumayo asabalele eNew England, eRussia - taiga naseCanada - amahlathi amakhulu.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-chipmunks ahlala emhlabathini, adinga izihlahla. Njengomthetho, lapho ama-chipmunks ahlala khona, kunezivunguvungu zomoya, isibalo esikhulu sokhuni, futhi umhlabathi umbozwe ngezitshalo lapho ikulungele ukucasha khona.

Yilezi zindawo ama-chipmunks azifunayo, futhi uma kungekho zihlahla kule ndawo, kepha amakati amboza umhlaba ngokuphelele, angakwazi ukujwayela lapha. Okunye okudingekayo ukuba khona kwechibi eliseduze. Ngakho-ke, ukusesha lapho ama-chipmunks ahlala khona ngokwemvelo kulandela ehlathini - osebeni lwemifula namachibi.

Indawo yokuhlala

Ukuze enze indlu, i-chipmunk ikhipha umgodi. Ubude bawo bungafinyelela ku-3 m, imisele ihlala ingamagatsha. Emgodini kuhlale kunamagatsha amabili agcina efinyelela emaphethelweni afile - yilezi zindlu zangasese zesilwane.

Kuhlala kukhona amakamelo okugcina amaningana esitoko nezindawo zokuhlala. Kuzo, izinduku zigxila phansi ngamaqabunga. Lapha balala ebusika nasebusuku, futhi nalapha izingane zabo zizalwa zikhule. Lapho bemba umgodi, bafihla umhlaba ngemuva kwezihlathi zabo futhi bawuse kude nendawo lapho behlala khona. Ama-chipmunks ehlathini afihla umnyango wokungena umgodi ngendlela efanele. Itholakala ngaphansi kogodo oluvuthayo, emathangeni asesihlahleni, ngaphansi kwesiqu esidala esibolile. Ukuthola imink ngaphandle kosizo lwenja cishe akunakwenzeka.

Impilo yeRentent

AmaChipmunks athanda imfudumalo futhi azonda imvula. Kungakho bavela esimweni sezulu esifudumele nakumaqabunga lapho kufudumele. Okuhlukile yizinhlobo zezindawo ezihlala ezindaweni ezinemvula engagcwali.

Ebusika, izilwane ziyazifihla ebusika, kepha akunzima njengama-gophers. Ngezikhathi ezithile bavuka futhi baqiniswa ngamasheya avela kuma-pantries. I-chipmunk ilala, inobuso bayo esiswini sayo noma ngomsila wayo oguquguqukayo osongwe kuyo.

Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, izakhamizi ze-mink, ezitholakala emithambekeni enelanga futhi ezokuqala ukukhululwa eqhweni, ziyaqhubeka nokuqanjwa kabusha. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-chipmunks awasasebenzi, achitha amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu ngaphandle futhi ancamela ukubilikisa elangeni. Kaningi ziyabonakala eziqongweni zezihlahla elangeni.

Ngaleso sikhathi, ama-chipmunks awasuki kude nomgodi. Zidla izinso ezitshalweni eziseduze noma zidla amasheya asebusika. Lapho ilanga lifudumala, izinduku zikhipha izinto ezimanzi bese zizibeka elangeni. Uma izinsuku ezifudumele zithathelwa indawo ngamakhaza futhi, izilwane ziya ku-mink zilinde intwasahlobo yangempela.

Ehlobo, ekushiseni, ama-chipmunks aphumela emoyeni ngokushesha ngokwanele, kodwa ukuze umhlaba uphefumule. Benza umsebenzi wabo ngaphambi kokushisa kosuku, indlela yesibili yokuphuma iba kusihlwa. Ezindaweni lapho isimo sezulu sihlala sifudumele khona futhi kungekho ukushisa noma ukubanda, ama-chipmunks angabhekwa usuku lonke. Ekwindla, izilwane ziyakhasa ziphume emigodini yazo ngemuva kokuba umoya ufudumele. Lokhu kuyaqhubeka kuze kubanda ngokuphelele.

Izilwane azibekezeleli izimvula futhi zizizwa zizinhle ngazo. Ezindaweni lapho kuhlala khona ama-chipmunks, amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwemvula, angena ezigxotsheni bese enza imisindo ekhethekile ehlukile “ezingxoxweni” zawo ezijwayelekile.

Isithombo

Ama-chipmunks akhetha ukuhlala yedwa futhi aqaphe amakamelo awo ngentshiseko. Ngezikhathi zezigameko, baxhumana nabobulili obuhlukile, ngemuva kwalokho kuvela inzalo.Lokhu kwenzeka ngoMeyi bese kuthi ngo-Agasti. Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwenzalo, i-chipmunk ingakhetha imbobo yakudala njengendlu, ngoba akudingeki ukuthi icabangele ubusika, futhi kukhona izitha ezimbalwa ezihlahleni.

IChipmunk iletha izizukulwane ezizayo kanye. Inani lezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngabantu abangama-4-8. Izihlobo zabo ezivela eMelika zizala kabili kuya ku-3-4 amawundlu amane. AmaChipmunks avuthwa ngokobulili ngonyaka wawo wokuqala wokuphila. Ezimweni zasendle, isilwane sinokuphila iminyaka emithathu, ekuthunjweni isibalo singafinyelela iminyaka eyi-10.

Ama-chipmunks amancane ahlala isikhathi eside esidlekeni. Lapho sezikhulile ngokwanele, ziqala ukufuna ukudla eduze komnyango. Kancane kancane baqala ukujula nokujula kusuka emgodini.

Ngenkathi amawundlu mancane, insikazi ayikho kude nomnyango wokuya emgodini futhi, uma kwenzeka iba nengozi, iqala ukuqhuma ngendlela eyethusayo. Lapho-ke izingane zisheshe zigijime emuva, ziklabalase emuva.

Amasheya ebusika

Amasheya weChipmunk ahlukahlukene kakhulu. Zonke izinhlobo zokudla ezingakuthola azungeze imbobo yakhe ziyasetshenziswa. Ukubhuka kugcinwa phakathi nesikhathi sokuphaphama.

Ngokusho kwabaphenyi, lapho ama-chipmunks ehlala eRussia, ukudla kwawo kwasebusika kufinyelela kumakhilogremu ayi-6. Isilwane sihlukanisa konke ukudla kwaso ngokubukeka, futhi ngisho nokusanhlamvu kwamasiko ahlukile kusezinqwabeni ezihlukile. Konke ukudla kugoqwa embhedeni wotshani obomile noma emacembe, kuthi izinqwaba zihlukaniswe ngamahlamvu amahlamvu.

Kuyathakazelisa ukukhishwa okusanhlamvu. Uma izindlebe zingakhuli eduze, isilwane sifuna isitshalo esicebile kunazo zonke bese sigxumela kuso. Ngaphansi kwesisindo, isiqu siyagoba futhi, sibambe ama-paws ayo, i-chipmunk iluma i-spikelet uqobo.

Ngemuva kwalokho, uthatha okusanhlamvu, azifihle ngezihlathi abalekele emgodini wakhe. Uma izindlebe zisondela futhi kungekho ndlela yokuzinyathela, i-chipmunk iluma isiqu ize ifinyelele okusanhlamvu.

I-chipmunk yesilwane iyi-rodent encane, iyisihlobo esiseduze segwele. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesilwane esinemibala namalungu omndeni waso? Uhlala kuphi futhi udlani?

Kunezinhlobo ezingama-24 zama-chipmunks, ezingama-23 kuzo zihlala eNyakatho Melika kanti ziyi-1 kuphela izinhlobo ezise-Easia. Kukhona ama-chipmunks amaningi eMelika; ahlala eMexico nase-Alaska. Iningi lamagundane lihlala eNyakatho Melika.

Ama-chipmunks ase-Eurasian ahlala isikhala esikhulu kusuka ezifundeni zaseYurophu zaseRussia kuya enyakatho neChina, Korea naseJapan. AmaChipmunks nawo ahlala e-Central Europe, alethwa lapho njengezilwane ezifuywayo, kepha abanye abamele babalekela bathatha impande endle.

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-chipmunk?

Ama-chipmunks angawokuhlobo lwamagundane avela emndenini we-squirrel Ubude bomzimba wabo bufinyelela amasentimitha ayi-17, nobude bomsila - amasentimitha ayi-12, isisindo somzimba - hhayi ngaphezu kwama-gramu ayi-100. Ngasemuva, izilwane zinemivimbo engu-5 emide emnyama noma emnyama, engazivumeli ukuba zididaniswe nesinye isidalwa. Izindlebe zabo zincane, zincane, zinesimo esithambile, ijazi lifushane futhi liqinile. Ama-chipmunks ahlukaniswa amaphakethe esihlathi anamandla lapho agcina khona amasheya awo.

Uma ubheka lezi zidalwa, awukwazi ukusiza ukumomotheka. Futhi, amaqhawe ahlekisayo avela kukhathuni wezingane i-Chip ne-Dale eza engqondweni. Ngendlela, futhi yayingama-chipmunks ...

Incazelo yokuziphatha kwe-chipmunks ekhaya

Kuzo zonke izinduku zasendle, ama-chipmunks alungele kakhulu indima yezilwane ezifuywayo. Zinejazi elihlakaniphile, lomsila o-fluffy, zinomusa futhi zinomusa, futhi imikhuba yazo eminingi ifana naleyo yama-squirrels. Kodwa-ke, ama-chipmunks mancane ngosayizi kunamaprotheni, futhi anganeliswa yisikhala esincane seseli. Lezi zilwane zijwayela abantu futhi zisheshe ziphenduke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bahlanzekile kakhulu futhi i-cage yabo ayidingi kucocwa njalo, ngoba abayikhiphi iphunga legundane elithile, njengamanye amagundane amaningi.

Isikhathi sokusebenza kwezilwane siwela esikhathini esimnyama sosuku, noma kunjalo, ama-chipmunks asebenza ngokuzikhandla phakathi nosuku, ngakho-ke, ungawabuka kalula futhi usungule ukuxhumana nezilwane ezifuywayo eduze kakhulu ukuthi zizothatha ukudla ezandleni zakho ngaphandle kokwesaba futhi ukugibela ehlombe lakho.

Njengoba isipiliyoni sokugcina lezi zilwane ekhaya sikhombisa, amaviki ama-2-3 enele ukuba azijwayele futhi ajwayele izimo zokuphila ezintsha kahle kangangokuba ungazikhipha ekhejini ukuze uhambe uzungeze indlu. Kodwa-ke, ukwethembana akusho ukuthi lesi silwane akufanele sibhekwe ukuze singenzi lutho oluyisiwula - aluphumi ngaphandle efasiteleni elivulekile, aludilili ezitebhisini noma lugqume ucingo. Kufanele uyivikele kuma-pranks ayingozi kakhulu, kepha kwenze kahle kakhulu nangokucophelela, ngoba ukunyakaza okungazelelwe, umsindo ungabunca bonke ubungane bakho, ikakhulukazi uma isilwane sikuhlobanisa nomthombo womsindo onjalo.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi noma ngabe uyondla kangakanani i-chipmunk yakho, awukwazi ukumlumula ethambekele lokwenza izinto. Ngasikhathi sinye, isilwane sikhetha izindawo ezingafaneleki kakhulu ngendima ye-pantry. Ngakho-ke, lungela iqiniso lokuthi kuma-slipper akho unquma ngokushesha ukuhlela indawo yokugcina izinto zamantongomane, noma angathandi nje into edliwayo, kodwa nobunye ubucwebe bakho. Ukulahleka kuleli cala kufanele kufunwe, okokuqala, phakathi kwezindawo ezigcinwe kuzo. Yize kunjalo, yena, njengoba - engeke akwazi ukumelana nakho konke okuhle nokukhazimulayo.

Endle, ama-chipmunks ayakwazi ukugcina amasheya anesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-8.

By endleleni, ezinye izilwane zasehlathini zivame ukuzondla ngazo. Futhi, uma isilwane sisakwazi ukubuyela emuva phambi kwabo, khona-ke phambi komuntu wakubo ngokuqinisekile ngeke asindise futhi uzovikela "amagugu" akhe kuze kwehla kwegazi lokugcina. Yebo, ama-chipmunks asendaweni yawo aziphatha kabi kakhulu komunye nomunye, ngakho-ke, ukugcina izilwane eziningana ekhejini elilodwa kuyingozi kakhulu, zingakhubazeka noma zibulale. Lokhu kusebenza kubo bobabili ubudlelwano besilisa nowesilisa, nowesifazane nowesilisa nowesifazane nowesifazane. Ngakho-ke uma ngokuzayo ufuna ukuzala ama-chipmunks, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka leli phuzu - umbhangqwana ungalethwa ndawonye kuphela ukusuka entwasahlobo kuya ku-Agasti, kepha kusukela ngoSepthemba uzodinga ukutshala amaseli ahlukene, ngoba uthando lwe-chipmunks luphela ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka, nokubalwa kuqala . Izilwane ziyohlala zilwa, ziziphatha ngokhahlo.

Izici zokuqukethwe kwe-chipmunk ekhaya

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lezi zilwane zinobuntu obumnandi kakhulu futhi ziluthambile, zilukhuni futhi ziba nzima, futhi zithanda ukuzakhela izidleke kuyo yonke indlu yakho, akumele ukhuthaze ukuthambekela okunjalo, futhi kungcono ukugcina i-rent ekhejini, ngezikhathi ezithile ukuyidedela uhamba. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuphepha kwempilo kanye ne-chipmunk. Kunobungozi obukhulu bokulimala komuntu, ukulimala kwempahla yakho, ngakho-ke nikeza ukukhetha ekheji yensimbi yenketho yokuhlala unomphela. Izinkuni ngeke zisebenze, njengoba kuzodlula ngokushesha okukhulu (kithi, ngeke) kuphumelele ukuhlolwa kwamandla.

Ukuze i-chipmunk ijabulise, faka isondo eligijimayo emgodini wayo, yenza amashalofu noma tiers, ubeke indlu encane - izosebenza njengesidleke lapho isilwane sizophumula khona futhi sifihle impahla yaso. Lapho uhlanza ikheji, qiniseka ukulihlanza esidlekeni.

Ngokuqondene nosayizi weseli, akufanele abe ngaphansi kwama-100 ngama-65 ngamasentimitha ayi-100. Ngaphansi kwekheji, kunconywa ukufaka ipallet yobukhulu obufanele, lapho kuzothululelwa khona udoti kuyo.

Njengomhluzi weseli, kungcono ukusebenzisa amaqabunga awile noma sawdust enkulu yokhuni. Isikhuni esincinci asinconywa, ngoba ama-chipmunks abamba izimbobo ku-filler kanye ne-ingress yezingubo ezincane ezinjalo zokhuni kungadala ukucasuka kolwelwesi lwe-mucous kuzo.

Yize iqiniso lokuthi la makhulu ahlanzekile ahlanzekile - Noma kunjalo, ungakhohlwa ukuqapha inhlanzeko endlini yabo, ngakho-ke akekho oyokuqagela ngephunga lokuthi hlobo luni lwesilwane oluhlala eflethini lakho.

Izici zokondla ama-chipmunks ekhaya

Naphezu kokuziphatha kwabo kokuhlukumeza komunye nomunye, ikakhulukazi ama-chipmunks adla ngembewu yezitshalo. Zithanda ikakhulukazi i-sunflower, amantongomane, imbewu yama-apula, okusanhlamvu okutshaliwe, ngenkathi kusesiteji sokuvuthwa kobisi. Ukusuka ekuphakelweni kwezilwane unganikela nge-rodent cottage shizi, ubisi. Abanye abantu bayakujabulela ukudla izikelemu zikafulawa, izintethe nezinye izinambuzane. Kunezimo lapho ama-chipmunks ehlasela izinyoni zasendlini - kanye noparrot, ngakho-ke, kungcono ukugcina izinyoni ezikheyini elivaliwe, kunciphisa amathuba okuba inyoni ibe nomhlangano we-chipmunk ibe mincane. Kepha, ikakhulukazi ukudla kwamagundane kuqukethe imifino, okusanhlamvu, izithelo, amahlamvu kanye namahlumela amagatsha, kungafaka nezithelo ezomisiwe nezineqhwa.

Akufanele ujwayele ama-chipmunks ekudleni asetafuleni lakho. Ngaphandle kokuthi i-rodent ingadla ngokuzithandela kumasoso noswidi - lokhu kuzothinta kabi impilo yayo futhi kungaholele ekufeni kwesilwane sakho esingajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, khumbula lokho chipmunk kufanele idle okushiwo ekudleni kwakhe ... Ungamniki njalo amantongomane kanye nembewu ye-sunflower - enamafutha kakhulu, amathambo e-plum - aqukethe i-cyanide, izithelo zezithelo zomdumo kanye nemifino eminingi - lokhu kungenza isilwane sakho sibe nesifo sohudo.

Uma ucabanga ngobunyoninco balezi zilwane ukuzithokozisa ebusika, kusukela ekwindla kufanelekile ukukhulisa izingxenye zokuzondla nge-chipmunk ukuze akwazi ukubeka eceleni ukubekelwa amanoni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isilwane kungenzeka singaphumi ekubandakanyeni noma sigule futhi silulame isikhathi eside emva kwaso.

Futhi qiniseka ukuthi isilwane sakho sihlala sinamanzi ahlanzekile futhi amasha. Futhi, ngenxa yokuthi ama-chipmunks athanda ukwenza ukungcola ekhejini labo, kungcono ukuthi amanzi athululelwa ku-ophuza utshwala, osetshenziselwa izinyoni. Ngakho-ke i-fidget yakho ngokuqinisekile ngeke iyikhiphe.

Ukunakekelwa Kwezempilo kweChipmunk Ekhaya

Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, ukulandela imithetho yethu maqondana nobunzima bokugcina lezi zilwane zithunjiwe, ama-chipmunks akho azokwazi ukuhlala iminyaka engu-5-7. Ngasikhathi sinye, kukho konke impilo yakho, uma ugcina ihlanzekile, ibondla ngokudla okunezinga eliphakeme nelinganiselayo, bayoba nempilo enhle. Izimo zokuphila ezingezinhle nemenyu engalungile eba imbangela yokugula kwabo.

Njengoba isipiliyoni sokusebenza kwezilwane sibonisa, iningi labanikazi bama-chipmunks baphendukela kochwepheshe ukuthola usizo lapho isilwane sabo sinokuqunjelwa, isifo sohudo, izinkinga zamazinyo, izifo zesikhumba, ukulimala, ukushisa okushisayo, nokulimala kwezihlakala zesihlathi. Ngaphandle kokuthi ezinye izinkinga azibonakali zinkulu ekuqaleni kokuqala, kunconyelwa ukuthi uxhumane nodokotela wakho wezilwane nganoma yisiphi isimo ukuze akwazi ukunikeza isiguli sakhe usizo ngesikhathi esifanele. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kuzodingeka unikeze usizo lokuqala. Ngakho

ukusikeka nokuklwebheka - amanxeba kufanele aphathwe nge-antiseptic yamandla alinganiselayo, ngokuqunjelwa - kuyadingeka ukufaka imifino emisha ekudleni futhi unikeze amanzi amaningi okuphuza, ngohudo - kuyadingeka ukukhipha imifino nezithelo ekudleni bese uzifaka esikhundleni sikafulawa wombila ...

I-chipmunk yesilwane iyi-rodent encane, iyisihlobo esiseduze segwele. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesilwane esinemibala namalungu omndeni waso? Uhlala kuphi futhi udlani?

Kunezinhlobo ezingama-24 zama-chipmunks, ezingama-23 kuzo zihlala eNyakatho Melika kanti ziyi-1 kuphela izinhlobo ezise-Easia. Kukhona ama-chipmunks amaningi eMelika; ahlala eMexico nase-Alaska. Iningi lamagundane lihlala eNyakatho Melika.

Ama-chipmunks ase-Eurasian ahlala isikhala esikhulu kusuka ezifundeni zaseYurophu zaseRussia kuya enyakatho neChina, Korea naseJapan.AmaChipmunks nawo ahlala e-Central Europe, alethwa lapho njengezilwane ezifuywayo, kepha abanye abamele babalekela bathatha impande endle.

Ukukhetha amaseli nokuhleleka

Ngakho-ke, sidinga i-chipmunk, kukhona indawo yokubeka ikheji. Indawo yokuhlala kwesilwane esifuywayo esizayo kufanele ihlelwe kusengaphambili.

Ujwayele abantu, i-chipmunk ingavunyelwa ukuhambahamba efulethini, kepha noma kunjalo, uzosebenzisa isikhathi esiningi ekheji. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukukhetha eyodwa ebanzi kunazo zonke futhi uqiniseke ngokuhlomisa isondo eligijimayo. Kunamakheji akhethekile e-squirrel anendlu "eyindawo engenalutho" enamathiselwe phezulu, bese isondo lifakwa khona lapho. Kepha azihlali zilungile.

I-squirrel inkulu futhi inamandla kune-chipmunk futhi ibanga eliphakathi kwezinduku zeseli lihlala libanzi. I-chipmunk emuncanyana ingavele ingene shona endle. Isondo le-squirrel liyinto enamandla impela, njengomthetho, insimbi futhi “iphakeme kakhulu”. I-Chipmunk, empeleni, isilwane sosuku futhi ngeke buthuntu ebusuku . Kepha usuku lonke ukulalela umsindo oqhubekayo kuyinjabulo engathandeki. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukukhetha isondo leplastiki noma lensimbi elincane, usayizi wesilwane, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uyihlola “umsindo” ngaphambi kokuthenga - spin bese ulalele.

Ngaphezu kwesondo, udinga indlu ebanzi, okulula ukuyihlanza, ukuze isilwane sibe nendawo yokucasha ekunakekeleni okucasulayo nokuthi singazigcina kuphi izinto zazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungafaka ikheji "uzimele wokukhuphuka" - ucezu lwegatsha elomile. Sidinga umkhombe wokudla, isitsha sokuphuza kanye “nendlu yangasese” ekhoneni. Ukutholwa okusha kusiza ekuhlanzeni ikheji. IChipmunk iyisilwane esincane esihle futhi imvamisa yenza ibhizinisi layo ekhoneni elilodwa. Ngemuva kwalokho kufakwa indlu yangasese enenombolo encane yokhuni noma ngesihlahla sokhuni (futhi othile uyifaka ingenalutho bese nje eyigeza kaningi).

Muva nje, amakheji akhethekile ama-chipmunks aqale ukuvela ngokuthengisa. Kepha nokho kungcono ukungathembeli kumenzi, kodwa ngokwakho unake ama-nuances athile abalulekile:

• ibanga phakathi kwezinduku
• isondo eligijimayo lithule kangakanani
• ukungena okulula endlini,
• lula ukuhlanza iseli uqobo,
• ubukhulu.

Habitat

Ngokuqondene nokuthi ama-chipmunks ahlala kuphi, anendawo ebanzi kakhulu, emboza cishe yonke insimu ye-taiga ye-Eurasia:

• empumalanga esenyakatho neRussia,
• I-Siberia eseMpumalanga neNtshonalanga,
• Impumalanga Ekude (ngaphandle kweKamchatka),
• mayelana. Sakhalin
• mayelana. IHokkaido
• enyakatho yeMongolia.

Ikakhulu iningi lazo zitholakala ePrimorsky Territory, lapho kukhula khona amahlathi omisedari obanzi. Ngeminyaka emihle, abantu abangafika kuma-200 ukuya kuma-200 bangahlala emahlathini lapha endaweni ngekhilomitha.

Zingahlala zombili kuma-deciduous, nasehlathini lamafir kanye ne-spruce, kepha zitholakala nasehlathini zikaphayini. ENingizimu yendawo yabo yokuhlala, lapho kunokushintshana kwamahlathi anobuhlakani, bayazithanda izihlahla ze-birch ezixubene nezinye izinhlobo. Babuye bathande amabhange asemifuleni, imiphetho yamahlathi, ukuwa ngokweqile nokushiswa, kanye nemiphetho yehlathi eliseduze nemikhakha.

Izici Zokuphila Kwamahhala

AmaChipmun ahola indlela yokuphila yansuku zonke. Yize begibela izihlahla impela, bakhetha ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi emhlabathini. Bahlela imigodi elula yokuhlala engashisi, futhi kuyaqabukela bahlale emigodini, ngoba lokhu akuhambi kahle ngendlela yokuphila kwasemhlabeni. Bahlala ezisekelweni zamatshe, baphonsa izimbobo nhlobo, kepha bamane benza izidleke phakathi kwamatshe. Ingxenye engaphansi yokuhlala kwabo ilula, imvamisa ihlukaniswe ngamakamelo amabili: kwelinye, ligcwele amaqabunga notshani obomile, kukhona isidleke, kanti okwesibili yindawo yokubopha lapho izilwane zigcina khona izinto zazo.

Kusenezinhlaka ezincane ezisetshenziswa yizilwane njengezindlu zangasese. Indawo eyodwa iholela emgodini, ubude bawo bungwedlule amamitha amathathu, futhi ukuphuma okuphezulu kungagxotshwa phakathi kwezimpande zezihlahla noma iziqu ezisontekile.

Ividiyo mayelana nokuthi i-chipmunk ibukeka kanjani nokuthi idlani

Endaweni yezindawo abahlala kuzo ama-chipmunks enza izimbobo eziningana lapho agcina khona izinto zasebusika.Njengoba izidleke zasehlobo zigcwele ezimpandeni, ezimpondweni ezibolile, izihlahla eziwile zingasetshenziswa.

Nawa amanye amaqiniso ajabulisayo ngalezi zilwane:

• Abashadile, ngamunye uhlala endaweni yakhe. Omakhelwane ababili emgodini owodwa abasoze bahlangana.
• Banesistimu eyinkimbinkimbi yezimpawu ezizwakalayo: uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, bakhipha i-trill ebukhali, njengezinyoni, noma impempe yama-monosyllables.
• Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwezitshalo, imindeni isuswa emakhaya ayo futhi izulazule ifuna okuphakelayo, isebenzisa okokuphephela kwesikhashana ezindaweni ezintsha. Empumalanga yeRussia, bayazulazula phakathi nesikhathi sokuvuthwa emasimini okusanhlamvu, futhi ezintabeni kukhona ukufuduka okuhambisanayo "kwamajikijolo".

Ngabe kudlani?

Imbewu yezitshalo eziningi zasendle nezilinyiwe yilokho i-chipmunk idla endle. Lezi yizinhlamvu zamaConifers, ikakhulukazi uphayini womsedari, onqabile: i-linden, ibhulashi, umlotha wasentabeni, isambulela kanye nodaka. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, lokhu kudla kuhlukahlukene ngama-buds, amahlumela, ama-blueberries nama-lingonberry. Lapho i-buckwheat nokolweni kuvuthwa emasimini ehlobo, amagundane amaningi, kufaka phakathi ama-chipmunks, enza ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kuwo, okwenza umonakalo omkhulu. Akuvamile ukuthi zidle inyamazane kule ndawo, kepha ziqoqeka ezihlathini, zisheshe zibalekele emgodini wazo, lapho zijabulela khona isidlo. Kwesinye isikhathi bazivumela ukudla kwezilwane - iminenke, ama-slugs, izinambuzane, yingakho bancoma ama-chipmunks asekhaya ukuthi anikeze izibungu zempuphu njengempatho.

Kusukela ngo-Agasti, izilwane ziqala isikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu sokuthengwa kokudla ebusika. Bayiletha nezixhaxha zezihlathi, zinqoba kaningi ngaphezu kwekhilomitha. Ungathola ama-acorns, okusanhlamvu, amantongomane, amajikijolo omisiwe namakhowe ku-pantries yama-chipmunks, inani eliphelele lifinyelela ku-6 kg.

Ngasikhathi sinye, amasheya abo akajabulisi bona kuphela, kodwa futhi nabanye abahlali be-taiga: ibhere, ingulube yasendle, indilinga, nokuncintisana. Lapho "isivakashi" esikhudlwana sibhidliza isidleke ngokuzithoba, umniniyo othukuthele angavele agijime amzungeze, adonse umsila ovuthayo futhi ovuthayo ngenkani.

Ukukhetha nokukhethwa kwesilwane

Emvelweni, njengawo wonke amagundane, i-chipmunk ingukuthwala kwezifo, futhi ezingathi sína, phakathi kwazo kukhona i-encephalitis enamahlwili, i-toxoplasmosis ne-rickettsiosis. Ngakho-ke akufanele uthathe isilwane ehlathini noma uthenge ezandleni zakho, kubathengisi abangaqinisekiswanga.

Kodwa noma ngabe umthombo wokutholwa uthembekile, udinga ukubheka isilwane uqobo ngaphambi kokuthenga - isilwane kumele sisebenze, sinezinwele ezicwebezelayo namehlo acacile. Kuhlikihlwe ekhoneni, kukhungathekisiwe - kungaba kungelampilo, noma ekucindezelekeni okunzima (okungathi, ngendlela, kungambangela ukuba afe kungekudala).

Izinhlobo

Sekukonke kunezinhlobo ezingama-25, cishe nazo zonke izinhlobo ezihlala eNyakatho Melika, kanti zinhlobo olulodwa kuphela e-Eurasia.

Ihlukaniswa ngohlobo oluhlukile ngenxa yokungabikho kwezinyo layo eliphakeme elingaphansi kwangaphambi kwamehlo. Ubude bomzimba bungu-14-19 cm, kanti nomsila obomvu onsundu ngu-8-11 cm, isisindo esingu-70-140 g. Umhlane obomvu onsundu onemikhawulo emihlanu emifushane, ecishe ibe mhlophe noboya obumnyama nxazonke. Izimpilo eziseningizimu-mpumalanga yeCanada nasempumalanga ye-United States ezingxenyeni zezihlahla zamahlathi, amahlathi aqhakazayo, phakathi kwababeki ngamatshe namatshe. Ihlela umgodi ongashoni ngaphansi kwesihlahla noma itshe eliwile, elinokunwetshwa esidlekeni ekugcineni. Indlela yokuphila iyefana ne-chipmunk yezinsimbi zethu.

Lokhu kuyisithunzi esivamile sohlobo olunobude bomzimba obungu-14-15 cm olunomsila omfushane ongamasentimitha angama-9- 10. Uma ubheka isithombe sesilwane (i-chipmunk yaseSiberia), uzohlala ubona imivimbo emnyama emihlanu emhlane wayo, phakathi lapho ijazi linombala obomvu noma okhanyayo umbala ompunga. Abantu baseSiberia bangahlala emahlathini axubile, ahlanganayo futhi aqobayo, bekhetha kuzo izindawo ezikhanyayo, izindawo lapho izihlahla zidilizwa ngumoya. Imvamisa, izidleke zihlelwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla esikhulu, esiphihlizwe ngumoya, phakathi kwezimpande, ngamatshe.

I-Chipmunk Life Video

Emahlathini avikelekile, angahlala ngisho nasezindlini zezinyoni.Umsebenzi we-chipmunks uwela ngezikhathi zemini. Njengoba ingxenye enkulu yokudla kwabo yenziwa imbewu ye-coniferous, inhlala-kahle yalezi zinti incike kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwazo. Futhi azideleli ama-lichens nama-invertebrates ahlukahlukene, yize zithanda ukugcina imbewu ekhethiwe ebusika, futhi ngenani elikhulu kangangokuba ayinaso isikhathi sokuzidla isikhathi eside, kepha zingashoni ngokudla okulula.

Uke wabona ama-chipmunks endle? Sitshele ngakho

NgesiLatini, igama le-chipmunks libhalwe ngokuthi iTamias. Ngokuqondene negama laseRussia, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemvelaphi. Enye yazo ukuboleka nokuguqulwa kusuka olimini lwesiTatar, lapho kubhalwe khona i- "chipmunk" njenge "boryndyk". Inketho yesibili ukusukelwa egameni lesi-Mari uromdok, kepha bambalwa ababambelela kule nguqulo.

AmaChipmuns asabalele eNyakatho Melika; ahlala cishe kulo lonke izwekazi. Zonke izinhlobo ezikhona zihlala lapho, ngaphandle kwe-chipmunk yase-Asia noma yaseSiberia, etholakala eYurophu naseRussia.

Ukunakekelwa kweChipmunk ekhaya

Thatha ukuthenga kwakho ekhaya lakho okungcono ekuthwaleni okuvaliwe , futhi ekuqaleni ungasicasuli isilwane ngokunaka okukhulu. Lokhu kuzosiza isilwane ukugwema ukucindezelwa okungadingekile futhi ixhumeke ngokushesha endaweni entsha.

Ukwebiwa kwezandla kungcono kancane kancane. Okokuqala, ama-chipmunks anikezwa ngemigoqo. Lapho isilwane sesizinzile futhi sizoyiphuza ngokuthula, ungazama ukumshaya ngenkathi ematasa ukudla. Ukuhamba kokuqala ukuzungeza efulethini kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlela "ngesisu esingenalutho." Mayigijime isikhashana ngaphakathi, bese ifaka lo msebenzi ekhejini, bese ilinda isilwane ukuthi sibuye.

Akusizi ukuzama ukubamba isilwane bese usifaka ngenkani emgodini, siyovele sithuke, silume umnikazi waso, futhi esikhundleni sokuthi "ijele" sizame ukuthola "ikhaya" elisha ngokwalo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, iyini le Ndlu, kusukela ekubukeni kwe-chipmunk? Le yindawo lapho kufudumele futhi kupholile khona, kunokudla okuningi futhi abaphula umthetho ngeke baphinde banciphise. Ngifuna ukubuyela lapho. Ngakho-ke kufanele sizame ukwenza iseli libe yiNdlu enjalo.

Mangaki ama-chipmunks ahlala ekudingisweni kuya ngemibandela yokuboshwa kwayo. Njengomthetho, azikho izinkinga ngokudla, manje ezitolo zezilwane kunokhetho olukhulu lokuxutshwa okuhlukahlukene kokudla kwamagundane. Futhi lapha ukuntuleka kwengcindezi yandise kakhulu impilo yesilwane esifuywayo. Ngokungafani nabafowethu basendle, izilwane ezifuywayo zingaphila iminyaka eyishumi.

Ukuzala

Labo abazokujabulela nje ukuxhumana nezilwane akudingeki ukuthi bazalane nhlobo. Isifundo esinzima. Vele, izingane zihlala zihlekisa kakhulu, kepha ungakhohlwa ukuthi ama-chipmunks awahlali ngokuphelele ngababili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokuthengwa kwempahla, ziyaqala ukuxabana ngaphambi kokubulawa . Ngakho-ke, uma, noma kunjalo, isifiso sokubamba isixuku se-chipmunks sinamandla kakhulu, khona-ke kufanele unakekele indawo lapho i-chipmunk yesibili yabantu abadala igcinwa khona, noma uthole umnikazi ofanayo onesilwane sobulili obuhlukile futhi umane uyiqhubekele ku-rut.

Njengasemvelo, "zibanciphisa" entwasahlobo, ngemuva kokucwaswa. Ngesikhathi somshado, abazali besikhathi esizayo kufanele babe ngabaphilile futhi 'abafuna abantwana' (ngaphandle kwalokho bavele balwe). Izinsikazi, ezilungele ukuzalaniswa, qala ukubiza ama-cavaliers ngokumemeza okufanayo nse ibinzana elithi "hook-hook".

Cishe inyanga eyodwa nje emva kokuzalwa, izingane ziba namandla ngokwanele ukuba ziqale ukushiya isidleke. Kufika ezinyangeni ezimbili zazo efiselekayo ukugcina nomama , okuzoqhubeka bondla izingane ngobisi, bese kuba ngcono ukuthi bathole abanikazi abasha. Noma phinda uhlele kabusha uma kunesifiso sokuba othile asigcine.

Izinzuzo ezinhlanu

Yize i-chipmunk iseyi-novice yesihlobo njengesilwane, kunezinzuzo ezinhlanu ezinkulu zokuba ne-chipmunk:

We Chika wathamba izinyanga ezimbili, mhlawumbe. Futhi walola amazinyo ngathi ngathi amahlandla ambalwa. Kepha manje umuntu onxenxa kanjena - vele welulele isandla sakho, ugibela kuwo aqale ukufuna izinto ezimnandi.

Udadewethu osekhulile ulethe i-chipmunk yabantu abadala evela "Ku-Living Corner" wesikole. Ikheji lezinyoni lalikhona futhi wabaleka ngosuku lokuqala. Lapho ahlala khona cishe izinyanga ezimbili, sathola ngesikhathi uyise egqoka kuqala ijazi ekwindla, ebekade elenga ngaphambili kuhola. Inqwaba yemfucumfucu exutshwe namasheya ama-chipmunks aphuma esikhwameni, umnikazi walesi simiso esihle wasuka phezulu, washaya ikhwela washaya umhubhe. Ubaba cishe "Kondraty akazange ahoxe")).

Ngifuna nokushiya isibuyekezo esifushane. Ngaba ne-chipmunk ebuntwaneni bami. Ukhuluma iqiniso, ngivele ngamubamba ezweni lapho edla abhekilanga nathi. Angizukukhuluma ngendlela yami yokukhohlisa (yize bonke abafana lapha bebemazi), unokhahlo futhi abantu abajwayelekile akudingeki. Kepha isilwane sami sahlala isikhathi eside egumbini, waze waphuma ngewindi. Ngiyaxolisa - umngani omuhle onjalo wayekhona, noma angizange ngimphathe ngomusa.

Uma usuvele unesilwane, khona-ke udinga ukumgcina ekhejini, ukuze kungabikho nkathazo.

Indlela yokuphila yamaChipmunks nokuziphatha

Isilwane sithanda ukuhola impilo yansuku zonke. Uhamba kahle ezihlahleni ngenxa yokubonga kwakhe okuqinile. Ukunyakaza kweChipmunk yi-spasmodic. Umsebenzi wabo uncike esikhathini sonyaka. Isibonelo, ehlobo lalezi zilwane kuza indlela yokuphila ehamba phambili kunazo zonke. Zi-peppy, zijabule, zihambahamba kakhulu, zigxuma ezihlahleni, kanye nezimpahla zesitoko ebusika, ngaphandle kwezinsuku ezishisa kakhulu. Ngokushisa okukhulu, bazama ukwenza wonke “amabhizinisi” abo ekuseni kakhulu. Entwasahlobo, lapho izinsuku zokuqala ezifudumele zisanda kuqala, ama-chipmunks athanda ukukhuphuka esihlahleni nebhaskiti elangeni. Ukuziphatha kwabo ngalesi sikhathi kubulala kakhulu futhi kuyavilapha.

Isikhathi sasebusika salezi zilwane sibonakaliswa yi-hibernation. Kepha, njengoba ososayensi beshonile, ama-chipmunks kwesinye isikhathi asaphaphama ukuze adle. Isigcino sabo esinamafutha asanele sonke isikhathi sasebusika, ngakho-ke badla izinto zabo ezilungiselelwe lo mcimbi ehlobo.

Kudlani ama-chipmunks?

Isisekelo sokudla ngamantongomane, imbewu yezihlahla nezihlahla. Ikakhulu bakhangwa yimbewu evela kwizigaxa zama-conifers, njengokuthi, ngokwesibonelo, umsedari noma umsedari (lesi sihlahla siyi-kopi elincanyana lomsedari, izigaxa zalo nazo zinambitheka kabili, kepha ziphindwe kabili njengomsedari). Ukubutha amantongomane, i-chipmunk idla amanye awo ngasikhathi sinye, kanti amanye awo ayiswa endlini yayo yokugcina izinto, enza izinqolobane zobusika. Noma kunjalo lezi zilwane zingadla amajikijolo asendle ahlukahlukene njengokudla. Okubaluleke kunakho konke, kwesinye isikhathi akanandaba nokuthi amajikijolo ngokwawo, kodwa ezinhlanyelweni eziqukethwe kuwo (isibonelo, ama-raspberries noma okhalweni lwama-rose). Kwesinye isikhathi izinambuzane noma ama-mollusks angafika kuye adle “isidlo sasemini”, njengesidlo.

Lezi zilwane zizalela kanjani futhi zinhlobo luni lwamawundlu?

Lapho nje ama-chipmunks evuka ngemuva kokuqothuka, aqala inkathi yokuzalela. Kuhlala cishe amasonto amabili kuya kwayi-4. Ngemuva kwalokho ukukhulelwa kwenzeka, isikhathi saso kuma-chipmunks cishe izinsuku ezingama-30. Owesifazane oyedwa uyazala, ngokwesilinganiso, ukusuka kuma-chipmunks amane kuya kwabayishumi. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-40 kuzelwe, amathole adla ubisi lukamama. Lapho iminyaka yezingane isondela ezinyangeni ezimbili, ishiya “ikhaya” labazali bese iqala ukuzihlalela.

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