Ukunakekela enye yezinhlanzi ezincane kakhulu ze-aquarium kuyathakazelisa, uma kuphela ngoba akekho ngaphandle kwama-guppies onokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo ezinjalo. Futhi kusuka kule nhlanzi ongaqala ukuhlola ngayo impilo ethokozisayo ye "mbuso ongaphansi kwamanzi".
Incazelo nokubukeka
Umbuso | Izilwane |
Uhlobo | Chordate |
Isigaba | Inhlanzi yaseRayfin |
Ukuhlonza | Cyprinids |
Umndeni | Pecilian |
Umusa | Pecilia |
Izinsikazi ze-Guppy (ubude bazo busuka ku-2 kuya ku-7 amasentimitha) zikhulu kunabesilisa. Kepha umbala we- "ladies" awuthambile, kwesinye isikhathi mpunga we-monochromatic. Indawo yabesifazane ibonakala kahle esiswini. Umbala wesilisa muhle futhi uqhakaze kakhulu, kanti nomzimba ubude, uqinisiwe kusuka ezinhlangothini. Amawele ezinsikazi, njengomthetho, mancane kunalawo abesilisa bawo.
Bangabomndeni kaPeciliae.
Izihlobo ze-guppy aquarium:
Ama-guppies namuhla ayizinhlanzi ezijwayelekile kakhulu ze-aquarium, futhi lokhu kunengqondo: ngeke uzithole ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezihlala kuzo kunoma yisiphi esinye isilwane sokubhukuda.
Zingama-13 izinhlobo zokuzalela izinsana ezifuywayo ezazalisiwe. Ngokomhlangano, zingahlukaniswa zibe ngamaqembu amancane ngokuya ngezimpawu zomsila (nxazonke, umsila, ifulegi, umsila, inaliti, umsila, umkhonto noma isisila), kanye nohlobo lwenkemba (oluphansi, oluphezulu, oluphindwe kabili). Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlanzi ziyisiketi (noma iveli), i-fan-tailed, edwetshwe ngotshani (noma i-triangel), i-fan-taled acute-angled.
I-Guppy Yabalingisi Ababonisa Inkomba
Izinhlobo eziphambili ze-guppy ziyahlukaniswa (phakathi kwazo kukhona “ukhaphethi”, “inetha”, “obomvu”) nezinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu nezijwayelekile ze-guppy (“amadragoni abomvu”, “ama-cobras abomvu”, “ama-aphuzi aphuziwe”, “ama-carnations eMoscow”).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo zama-guppies ngohlobo lombala. Lawa ngamaqembu amakhulu ayisishiyagalombili (kufaka phakathi ama-albino). Ngokunikwa konke lokhu kwehlukahluka kanye nokuhlangana okungenzeka, ochwepheshe bakhuluma ngezinhlobo eziyikhulu noma ngaphezulu zama-guppies. Abathandwa kakhulu namuhla babizwa ngabantu abangabathandi bemisindo.
Guppy izinhlanzi izwe
Ngaphandle kwehaba, le yinhlanzi eyaziwa kakhulu futhi ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Ubehamba ngomkhumbi kithina ephuma emizimbeni yamanzi emisha nenamakha ENyakatho Melika naseziqhingini eziseduze. Lapho, uhlala emanzini apholile futhi abukeka ehlukile kunenhlanzi ejwayelekile yase-aquarium.
Uyazi ukuthi izinhlanzi ze-guppy zitholwe kaninginingi? Ososayensi abathathu abavela emazweni ahlukene ngezikhathi ezahlukene bachaza lolu hlobo lwePecilieva, kepha inhlanzi yathola udumo ngemuva kombiko kasosayensi waseNgilandi uRobert John Lechmer Guppy ngonyaka we-1886. IGupeshki ithole ukuthandwa umhlaba wonke, kufaka phakathi ukuthanda kwabo ukunambitheka. Badla izibungu zomiyane, izibungu, iminyundu yegazi nezinambuzane ezincane. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuqedwe izinambuzane, ama-humps ezinhlanzi ahlala emachibini asendle emhlabeni wonke. Ngisho naseRussia kunezilwane zasendle zalolu hlobo. Kodwa-ke, lapha kungenzeka kakhulu ukunganaki kwama-olwandle kunokulawulwa kwezinambuzane. EMoscow (Lyuberty), Tver, Yaroslavl, Rybinsk, kanye neNizhny Novgorod, kunemikhakha eyakhekayo yokuziphilisa ezindaweni zokupholisa amanzi afudumele nakwindawo yokugcina amanzi enamathangi okushisa angaphansi okushisa.
Ukuziphatha kwabo. Izinja zilala, zishona phansi ezansi futhi zigobhoza emanzini. Imvamisa, izinhlanzi zigcinwa phakathi nezendlalelo eziphakathi nendawo eziphakeme ze-aquarium.
Ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngalokhu. Ungawanakekela kanjani ama-guppies nokuthi uwondla kanjani, ake sibheke etafuleni. Amapharamitha afanelekayo amanzi wezithumbu ekhaya:
Umthamo wamanzi umuntu ngamunye | Ukushisa (° C) | I-Acidity (pH) | Ubulukhuni (mol / m³) |
2,5 amalitha | 22-26 | 6,5-7,8 | 10-25 |
Ithebula libonisa izinkomba ezimaphakathi |
Amazinga okushisa ngokweqile okuphila kweleppies ayahlukahluka kusuka ku-14 kuye ku-33 ° C. Kodwa-ke, ukuba khona kwamadigri ngokweqile kuzonyusa kakhulu ingozi yokugula nokufa kwesilwane kusenesikhathi. Ama-guppies anesikhathi sokuphila esiphakathi kweminyaka emi-3.
Ngokusekelwe etafuleni elingenhla, kusobala ngokucacile ukuthi ukudala izimo ezifanele zempilo ye-guppy kulula kakhulu. LamaLatinos akhethe kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ungacabangi ukuthi lokhu kukunika ilungelo lokubanakekela ngemikhono. Ukuze izinhlanzi zizizwe zikhululekile, umbala wazo wawunempilo, indlela ezaziphatha ngayo zazithakazelisa, futhi nempilo enhle yayidinga esinye isici esibalulekile - aeration. Kanye nokuhlunga, i-aquarium aeration ibalulekile enhlanzini. Ungasebenzisa isihlungi se-2in1 ne-compressor ukusindisa isikhala ku-aquarium.
I-aquarium ekahle ye-guppey itshalwe ngezitshalo eduze kodonga lwangemuva. Ngakho-ke izihlungi eziluhlaza ngeke ziphazamise ukubhukuda nokudlala, kepha zingasebenza njengesiphephelo esimweni esicindezelayo. Noma yiziphi izitshalo ezifanelwe kahle kusukela lapho guppies kuyaqabukela kudliwe ngaphandle. Futhi ukukhipha ngokuphelele lokho kuziphatha ekudleni kwezilwane ezifuywayo, kufanele wethule ukhukhamba omusha, ulethisi, isipinashi. Okokugcina ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kufanele kufakwe emanzini abilayo. Izitsha ezinjalo akufanele ziphiwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwe-1 ngeviki. Omunye umthombo othembekile wokudla kwezitshalo ungxube eyenziwe ngomile eyenziwe ngomile. Ngakho-ke, siza ngesihloko esibalulekile:
Umsoco
Yondla i-goupee izikhathi ezi-2 noma ezi-3 ngosuku, ngezingxenye ezincane. Yonke imfucumfucu yokudla engabonakali kufanele isuswe ku-aquarium. Ngaphandle kwalokho, imikhiqizo yokubola izofaka amanzi ubuthi. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, endaweni yemvelo, izinhlanzi zidla izibungu zezinambuzane ngokwazo. Ukusuka kulokhu, nasempilweni yasemanzini, bayakujabulela ukudla ukudla okunama-protein amaningi. Bajabule kakhulu ukujabulela ukudla okubukhoma. Kepha awukwazi ukubabiza ngokuthi ukukha, badla abakunikayo. Ukukhula okugcwele nokukhula kokuphakelayo kwama-guppies:
- Igazi,
- Coretroi
- Umenzi wamapayipi
- I-Artemia
- Spirulina
- Chlorella
- Izingxube ezomile ezilungele.
Izinja, njenganoma iyiphi enye inhlanzi, zidinga ukuba nezinsuku zokulamba. Kanye ngesonto, shiya izilwane zakho ezifuywayo ngaphandle kokudla, ngakho-ke zizolungisa uhlelo lokugaya umzimba futhi zihlanze i-aquarium kahle.
I-Aquarium
Njengoba ama-guppies eyizinhlanzi ezincane, i-aquarium engeyona enkulu ngosayizi ilungele bona. Umthamo “wendlu” wesiphuphu uyincike ekutheni zingaki izinhlanzi ezihlala kulo. Kukholakala ukuthi, ngokwesilinganiso, amalitha ama-3 amanzi adingeka umuntu ngamunye.
Qiniseka ukuthi ukhumbula ukuthi umthamo othile we-aquarium uzothathwa yi-algae, imihlobiso nezinye izinto. Uma kubalwa inani labantu, le ivolumu kufanele ingafakwa eceleni.
Ukunakekela izinhlanzi ezindaweni zasemanzini ezincane kungenzeka, kodwa khumbula ukuthi uma incane le "ndlu", kulapho izakhamuzi zakhona zizobukeka kakhulu futhi zizizwe.
Ukuvumelana nezinye izakhamizi
Ama-guppies avele ngokungajwayelekile, ngakho-ke angenza inkampani yanoma yiziphi izilwane zase-aquarium ezinobukhulu obufanayo kanye nobushushu. Abazikhubekisi ezinye izinhlanzi neminenke, kodwa bayodla izimbotshana ngentokozo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kuma-cherling asayizi aphakathi nendawo. Uma abantu abadala bekwazi ukuphunyuka, khona-ke izinsana ezingenalwazi nakanjani zizogcina ukudla kwakusihlwa ngamalambu adliwayo.
Kepha izinhlanzi ngokwazo zingahlushwa imichilo yomdlavuza noma amazinyo ezihlobo ezinolaka. Amabhagi weSumatran kanye nemikhaba ngeke aphuthelwe nethuba lokuxosha amaphiko amahle asakhulayo nemisila yabesilisa. Lo mdlalo ungaholela ekufeni. IShark Balu noma i-pangasius, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu, ngeke yenze ubungane nama-guppies. Bazokwamukela ukudla nenzalo yabo kamuva futhi badle kumnandi.
Omakhelwane abalungile bazoba yi-potilia, i-corridor, i-catfish, i-sucker, i-zebrafish, neon.
Uma, ngemuva kokufunda ithebula lokuhambisana, unquma ukudala i-aquarium yezinhlobo, khona-ke ngizokunikeza ifomula yokubala umthamo wamanzi we-guppy. Ukwenza isibonelo, une-aquarium yamalitha angama-30, zingaki izinhlanzi okufanele zixazululwe? Okokuqala, sikhipha inhlabathi, imishini nokuhlobisa kusuka kumthamo ophelele, okuthi, ngokwesilinganiso, uzothatha kusuka kumalitha ama-5 kuye kwayi-10 osayizi onjalo we-aquarium. Unqenqema lwamanzi luyi-1-1,5 cm ngaphansi komphetho we-aquarium, ethatha cishe amalitha ayi-2-3. Ngakho-ke, lokhu akuyona cishe i-30, kodwa cishe amalitha angama-20. Ngokususelwa kwetafula elingenhla, umuntu oyedwa udinga amalitha ayi-2,5 amanzi 20 / 2,5 = 8. Ama-guppies ayi-8 angaxazululwa endaweni engama-30 litre aquarium. Isilinganiso sabesilisa besiphuphu kwabesifazane yingo-2: 1, ngakho-ke, udinga abesilisa abathathu nabesifazane abahlanu.
Ukuzala
Ukwehluka kobulili gupeshek kusobala. Ngisho nomuntu ongazi lutho ezifundweni ze-aquarium uzokubona ukuthi ukubukeka kowesilisa kuyinzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke. Unombala ogqamile futhi unezici ezincane kunowesifazane. Yikuphi ngezinjongo zokuvikela ugqoke umbala onesizotha futhi mkhulu ngosayizi wokukhulisa izingane.
Ama-guppies, njengepupypus phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo, angabathwali bendlela emangalisayo yokuzala. Ukufakwa kwamaqanda kwenzeka ngqo emzimbeni kamama. Owesilisa ngemuva kokuqomisana ngosizo lwe-anal-sha-anal anal - i-gonopodia ifaka ubisi emaqanda asemzimbeni womama esizayo. Ngemuva kwalokho insikazi ithwala amaqanda esiswini sayo amasonto angama-5-7. Futhi izala i-fry esebenzayo. Ngale ndlela, Izinhlwayi ezithwala bukhoma! Akukho noyedwa wohlobo, kodwa okumangazayo!
Ngemuva kokubeletha, insikazi ithola isasasa elingajwayelekile kuFry - ukudla. Umama, ubaba nezinye izihlobo bakulungele ukugwinya izingane ngaso leso sikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele utshale insikazi ekhulelwe uma uhlela ukukhula usemncane. Noma hlela izindawo zokukhosela ezengeziwe zezingane ku-aquarium ejwayelekile. Ezimbhangqwaneni, izinyanga ezintathu, izinsana ezisindayo zizoba njengabazali futhi zizothola usayizi ongu-1.5-2 cm.
Amapharamitha wamanzi
Uma usayizi we-aquarium engenandaba nhlobo nokulungiswa nokunakekelwa kwezinswelaboya, khona-ke amapharamitha anjengobulukhuni, i-acidity, izinga lokushisa nokuhlanzeka kwamanzi ngeke kunganakwa. Izinja zizwela kakhulu i-acidity yamanzi. Isikhombi esifanele ngu-6.6-6.8 pH.
Isikhombi esingabalulekile kangako ukuqina, ukujwayelekile kwaso kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-10 dH, okungukuthi, amanzi kufanele athambeke ngokwanele.
Akugxeki kanye nokushisa kwamanzi. Isikhombi sayo esifanelekile sisuka kuma-26 kuya kwangama-28 degrees, kepha ukwehla noma ukwanda kwaso ngama-degree ambalwa kuyamukeleka.
Futhi ekugcineni, ubumsulwa bamanzi. Ama-guppies, ngaphandle kobukhulu bawo obuncane, 'ayengcolile' amabi, akhiqiza imfucuza eningi futhi angcolisa kakhulu i-aquarium. Ngakho-ke, kanye ne-aquarium, kufanele uthenge ngokushesha isihlungi sekhwalithi ephezulu. Uma kungekho okokuhlunga, khona-ke amanzi kuzodingeka aguqulwe ngesandla. Yenza lokhu kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10, ngenkathi ushintsha ube ngu-1/5 wamanzi omusha kusuka ku-aquarium.
Ama-guppies alondolozeka ngokwemvelo, ngakho-ke ushintsho olubi ezimeni zokuphila kwawo, noma ngabe lezi zimo zingcono kunalezo zangaphambili, ziyinhlekelele kubo. Kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa ukugcinwa kwabo nokunakekela ama-guppies kancane kancane.
Ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi nokunakekelwa kwe-guppy kuncike ekukhanyisweni ku-aquarium. Isimo sokukhanyisa nsuku zonke okungenani amahora ayi-12. Iningi kufanele lithathwe ukukhanya kwelanga kwemvelo.
Ezempilo
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, ukunakekelwa okufanele nokudla okunempilo, ama-guppies yizilwane ezifuywayo ezinempilo ezingalethi nkinga. Kodwa-ke, uma umnikazi engashiywa lutho olubucayi, ngisho nama-guppies aqinile angagula. Izifo nezimpawu ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
- Ukwehlukaniswa komsila (ngenxa yekhwalithi embi yamanzi, ukulimala noma ukubola kwe-fin),
- Umgogodla ogobile we-guppy (i-kuzaliwa kabusha ye -alyaly, i-trauma, i-overeating noma isifo sofuba esiyingozi),
- ISemolina nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo (ukutheleleka okulethwa kuyigciwane, isikhunta, ikhwalithi yegciwane noma ikhwalithi emanzi engekho).
Ngokusekelwe kulokhu okungenhla, i-guppy uhlobo oluqinile, oluqinile futhi olusebenzayo oludinga ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile. Lapho amasosha omzimba ezinhlanzi ezisebenza khona kahle, futhi ngenxa yalokho akhombisa izici ezingezinhle.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izindlela zokukhetha ama-guppies ezitholwe yindlela eyinkimbinkimbi yokuzalanisa namanye amaqhinga zinokungazethezeki okuncane ngokuya maqondana ne- “mutts”.
Ukuphila endalweni
Izwe lenhlanzi ye-guppy iziqhingi zaseTrinidad neTobago, naseNingizimu Melika - eVenezuela, eGuiana naseBrazil.
Njengomthetho, bahlala emanzini ahlanzekile, agijimayo, kodwa futhi njengamanzi asogwini asogwini, kepha hhayi olwandle olunosawoti.
Zidla izikelemu, izibungu, izibungu zegazi nezinye izinambuzane ezincane. Ngenxa yalesi sici, baqala futhi ukuba banabantu abaningi ezindaweni ezinomiyane omalaleveva abaningi, ngoba badla izibungu zaso.
Abesilisa emvelweni bakhanya kakhulu kunabesifazane, kodwa nokho umbala wabo ukude nezindlela zokuzalela i-aquarium.
Kufanele uzivikele ezilwaneni ezidla lubi, njengoba inhlanzi incane futhi ingenakuzivikela.
UFish athole igama lakhe kumtholi (uRobert John Lechmere Guppy), uRobert Guppy waba ngowokuqala ukuthola nokuchaza le nhlanzi esiqhingini saseTrinidad ngonyaka we-1866.
Ukudideka kokuqukethwe
Inhlanzi enkulu yabaqalayo kanye nezinzuzo.
Kuncane, kuyasebenza, kuhle, kulula kakhulu ukuzalanisa, kungakhethi ukunakekela futhi kudle, kubonakala sengathi uhlu luqhubeka njalo.
Kodwa-ke, sixwayisa ama-warvists asemanzini ngokuthenga amafomu akhanyayo okuzala. Ungaqonda kanjani ukuthi ifomu liyakhethwa? Uma zonke izinhlanzi ezise-aquarium zingumbala ofanayo, abesilisa banamaphiko amade futhi anamaphiko, khona-ke lezi ziyizilwane ezifunwayo.
Uma abesilisa bonke behlukile, njengabesifazane, umbala ungumbhikisho wemibala nemibala, ngalezi zinhlanzi ezidingwa ngumuntu wasemanzini ojwayelekile.
Iqiniso ngukuthi ngenxa yokuzalanisa, baba muhle kakhulu, kodwa futhi bazithobe kakhulu, belahlekelwa usizo lwabo.
Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid sezivele zinokungabi namandla kokuzivikela komzimba futhi zifuna kakhulu okuqukethwe. Ngakho-ke uma uthatha isinqumo sokuzama ngokwakho ku-aquarium, thenga elula, kepha i-gupeshek enemibala eminingi.
Ngeke bakujabulise ngaphansi kwezindlela zokuzalela, kepha bazophila isikhathi eside futhi kuzoba nezinkinga ezimbalwa.
Futhi kwezinzuzo kuzoba nezindlela zokuzalela - kudingeka zihlungwe ngokucophelela, zibelwe ngokucophelela futhi zinakekelwe.
Ukondla
Kulula ukubondla, badla ukudla okuhlukile kakhulu - okwenziwe ngokufudumele, okwenziwe iqhwa, bukhoma, noma komile.
Badla okusanhlamvu, iziganu nokunye okuphakelayo okwenziwe ngobumnandi, kepha kungcono ukukhetha izinhlobo ezaziwayo zomkhiqizo, njengeTetra.
Kuma-abaphilayo, ama-cellworms, ishubhu, i-artemia, ne-coronetra adliwa kangcono.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-guppy inomlomo omncane nesisu, ukudla kufanele kube kuncane, futhi kungcono ukukuphakela amahlandla amabili noma amathathu ngosuku, ezingxenyeni eziyodliwa yizinhlanzi emizuzwini emi-2-3.
Futhi, izinhlanzi njengokudla okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto zezitshalo, ukuze umgudu wazo wokugaya uhlale uphilile, futhi nokungatheleleki kuphezulu, thenga ngaphezu kokusanhlamvu okujwayelekile, ngezithako zemifino futhi uzondle kabili ngesonto.
Ngingathanda futhi ukusho ngokwahlukile kokuphakelayo okwomile - lokhu akuzona izinhlobo zokuphakelwa, kodwa i-daphnia eyomile, evame ukuthengiswa ezimakethe zezinyoni. Ngikucebisa kakhulu ukuthi ungazondli izinhlanzi ngokudla okunjalo, ngisho ne-gugeshka. Mampofu ngamavithamini, izakhi zomzimba futhi empeleni kumane kuyi-carapace eyomile. Kuwo, umgudu wokugaya ugxotshwa inhlanzi futhi ziyafa.
Njengazo zonke izinhlanzi ezishisayo, ama-guppies athanda amanzi afudumele (22-25 ° C), kepha angaphila ngohlu olubanzi lwe-19.0 - 29.0 ° C.
Ngokuqondene nemingcele yamanzi, khona-ke amafomu ajwayelekile akunandaba. Bazivumelanisa nezimo zasendaweni ngokushesha okukhulu kangangokuba bathuthela ku-aquarium entsha ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Kuzoba kuhle uma e-aquarium kukhona: 7.0 - 8.5, nobulukhuni u-12.0 - 18.0, kepha amapharamitha angahluka ngokuphelele, ongeke uthikame ukuhlala nokuphindaphindeka.
I-aquarium ingaba yincane, futhi amalitha ama-5 anele ngamalitha angama-20. Kepha, lapho likhulu ivolumu, kukhulu inani lezinhlanzi ongazigcina futhi lihle libukeka.
Kungcono ukuthi kube nezitshalo eziningi e-aquarium, ngoba lokhu kuzofana nendawo yokuhlala yemvelo futhi kwandise kakhulu ukusinda kwefry ku-aquarium ejwayelekile. Ukukhanyisa kungaba yinoma yini kusuka kokukhanya kuya kusihlwa.
Kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlungi, ngoba okuphelele kunokwanele okwangaphakathi, kepha uma kukhona okungaphandle, ngakho-ke kuhle kakhulu. Kungcono nje ukuvala izimbobo ezikuyo ngombala owengeziwe omuhle, ngoba isihlungi esinamandla asikwazi ukumunca gazinga kuphela, kepha nenhlanzi endala.
IGuppy ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi isikole semihlambi, kepha ukuyigcina njengebhangqa cishe akunangqondo. Lincane kakhulu ngosayizi futhi ngamanani amancane acishe angabonakali ku-aquarium.
Kukhona umthetho olula wokulungiswa - lapho bekhona e-aquarium, babukeka kakhulu futhi bahle.
Izici ezijwayelekile
Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yama-guppies yi-United States, kanye neNingizimu Melika, iDominican Republic, Cuba nezinye iziqhingi eziseMelika Ephakathi. Zihlala emizimbeni emincane emanzi, emachibi nasezihlathini. Lezi izinhlanzi ezifunda esikoleni ezihlala iminyaka engaba ngu-3-4.
Ngokwemvelo yabo, abanemibala egqamile njengabo "abafowabo" basekhaya. Kepha ziyehluka ngosayizi omkhulu. Abesilisa bancane, 1.5-5 cm ubude. Izinsikazi zingakhula zifike ku-7 cm. Ezimweni ze-aquarium, laba bantu bancane kakhulu, kepha banombala ohlukene.
Abesilisa bahluke kakhulu. Banama-anal fin. Mancane kakhulu futhi anomsila omuhle, ongaba nemibala ehlukahlukene. Abesifazane abachazi kangako. Azinabo ubuhle obunjalo, zikhulu futhi, njengomthetho, azinayo umbala okhanyayo kangako.
Imithetho yesondlo nokunakekela
Zilula impela, kepha zinezici zazo ezithile. Lapho umuntu wasemanzini esondela kakhulu kule nkinga, ubunzima obuncane azobhekana nabo ngokuqhubeka nokugcinwa kwalezi zilwane ezifuywayo. Empeleni, lapho uqala i-guppy, udinga ukubheka okulandelayo:
I-Aquarium. Lezi zinhlanzi zincanyana, futhi, ngokulandelana, azidingi isikhala esiningi, ngakho-ke zidinga umthamo omncane. Njengomthetho, kwanele ukwaba amalitha ama-3 wamanzi umuntu ngamunye. Kepha lapha udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ivolumu emsulwa ishiwo, futhi ku-aquarium uqobo kusazoba nenhlabathi, izinto zokuhlobisa ezisusa,
Amapharamitha wamanzi. Uma ivolumu isibili, khona-ke i-acidity, ubulukhuni kanye nokushisa kubaluleke kakhulu. Ama-guppies azwela kakhulu kwepharamitha yokuqala. Ngokufanele, kufanele kube ngu-6.6-6.8 pH. Ubulukhuni - kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-10 dH. Okusho ukuthi, kuyathandeka ukuthi amanzi athambile. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke lesi sibalo singehliswa ngokuzimela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uthele amanzi ancibilike ku-aquarium (pre-free it in a freezer and thaw). Izinga lokushisa lingama-26-28 degrees, kepha iphutha liyamukeleka impela, ngeke iphazamise impilo yezilwane ezifuywayo,
Ukuhlanzeka kwe-Aquarium. Izinja, noma zizincane, zikhiqiza imfucuza eningi futhi zilayisha kakhulu ibhalansi yemvelo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uvikele inhlekelele eyengeziwe (ubuthi be-nitrite), udinga ukwenza izinguquko zamanzi masonto onke futhi uthenge isihlungi esihle,
Isibani. Kufanele kube nokukhanya okuningi, okungenani amahora ayi-12 ngosuku. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha isibani esifanele ukuze lokhu kungaholeli ekuvezweni okuthe xaxa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-algae izokhula ngenkuthalo ngaphakathi komhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi. Inketho enhle kakhulu ukukhanyiswa kwe-LED. Kuyonga, kepha kuyahluka. Ungakhetha imibala yama-LEDs ukuze agcizelele umbala wezinhlanzi uzenze zikhanye,
Izitshalo nenhlabathi. Amatshe kufanele athengwe ukuze angenzi amanzi abe nzima. Kungaba ngamadwala angathathi hlangothi njenge-quartz noma i-granite. Izitshalo zokufakelwa zingathathwa uma singekho isifiso sokubandakanyeka kulimo nokuklama. Kodwa-ke, kuyathakazelisa ukuthenga ama-bus bukhoma bukhoma anomphumela omuhle ekulinganiseni, akhule futhi enze i-aquarium ibe yinhle kakhulu. Kufanele zikhethwe ngokususelwa kulwazi lwazo nalokho akuthandayo. Kungcono ukufunda imininingwane ephathelene nezinhlobo ezithile ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze zihlangane,
Ukondla. Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi lapha. Guppies emnivorous ngokwemvelo. Lokho wukuthi, ungathenga ukudla okukhethekile kuphela kumenzi walolu hlobo oluthile. Kepha kuyalulekwa ukwengeza okuhlukahlukene ekudleni. Okusho ukuthi, ungakwazi ngaphezu kwalokho ukuthenga ukudla okufriziwe okufana ne-brine shrimp, i-bloodworms, daphnia. Ukudla okuyimifino nakho kufanelekile, kodwa kufanele kuthathe ingxenye encane. Ngokuqondene nemvamisa yokondliwa, imvamisa ingcono futhi ixubekile. Izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku zizokwanela, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo zidle konke ngomzuzu noma emibili.
Ukwehluka kobulili
Ukwehlukanisa insikazi kowesilisa kulula kakhulu. Abesilisa bancanyana, banciphile, banenhlawulo enkulu ye-caudal, kanti i-anal isiphenduke i-gonopodia (ukukhuluma kabi, leli yishubhu lapho abesilisa bezinhlanzi ze-viviparous befaka insikazi).
Izinsikazi zikhulu, zinesisu esikhulu futhi esiphawulekayo futhi zivame ukuba nombala ophuzi.
Ngisho nezinsizwa zingahlukaniswa kusenesikhathi, njengomthetho, lezo ze-fry ezazingowokuqala ukubala kuzoba ngabesilisa.
Ukubukwa kwe-Guppy
Akukho ukuhlukaniswa okungalingani. Njengomthetho, izici zezinhlobo zezimpawu ezifana nombala noma amaphiko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlanzi ezifanayo emazweni ahlukene zingaba namagama ahlukile.
Ngombala, kunezinhlobo ezinjalo:
I-Guppy Endler. Ziyahlukahluka ngosayizi omncane ikakhulukazi (abesilisa bakhula bangabi ngaphezu kuka-2,5 cm). Emzimbeni kunezindawo ezikhanyayo ze-neon zemibala ehlukene. Umsila ubonakala, kepha unemigqa emnyama emaphethelweni,
Isikhulu Esimnyama.Igama liyazikhulumela,
IsiJalimane. Banokuhlotshaniswa okuphuzi kakhulu,
IPanda. Ziyafana ngombala kuya amabhere adumile,
Berlin. Ukubukeka okuhle. Banomzimba omnyama namaphiko abomvu,
Neon. Bangaba nemithunzi eminingi. Hlukanisa ngoba kuqokonyiswa,
IGuppy Neon Blue Metallic
I-Savage. Iningi lezinhlanzi ezi-grey ezinamabala anemibala emzimbeni,
Albino. Konke kumhlophe ngamehlo aqhakazile
Clove. Umsila we-orange oshiwo ngamaphethini amnyama,
Tuskedo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kusho "tuxedo." Okusho ukuthi, umbala ufana kancane nenhlanzi egqoke isudi,
Swallow. Lababantu banciphise amaphiko,
EMoscowguppies. Zinemibala ehlukene (isibonelo, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi nokuhlaza okotshani) nge-sheen yensimbi,
AbaseSpain. Kukhanya kakhulu, kugqamile i-caudal, enemiphetho ebomvu,
Ukushona kwelanga. Ukusuka esiNgisini bahumusha ngokuthi “ukushona kwelanga”, ngakhoke umbala uyefana,
Lesi ukwahlukaniswa okukhulu. Izinhlanzi zibuye zihlukaniswe ngesimo seminjunju. Ama-guppies eveli athandwa kakhulu. Kepha kukhona fan-tailed, forked, triangel, Double, top noma ngezansi izinkemba, izinhlobo ze-lyre-tailed, njll.
Isebenziseke kangakanani le ndatshana?
Isilinganiso esimaphakathi 5 / 5. Amavoti wokubala: 10
Akukho mavoti okwamanje. Iba ngowokuqala!
Siyaxolisa ukuthi lokhu okuthunyelwe akubanga nalusizo kuwe!
Ubunzima kokuqukethwe
Kubonakala kulula kunokuqukethwe kwe-guppy, akukho okungaba. Noma kunjalo, kukhona izingibe ezithile. Kukhona okuthiwa ama-guppies okuzalela, ukunakekelwa kwawo okunzima kakhulu kunokwejwayelekile. Isibonelo, ukungavikeleki kwabo buthakathaka, ngakho izinhlanzi zivame ukunqotshwa izifo futhi abakwazi ukubhekana nazo. Ukuwushiya akuwona umsebenzi we-aquarist yokuqala.
Ungabona kanjani ama-guppies okuzalela? Ngama-fins - zonke izinhlanzi ezise-aquarium zithambile. Akukho ukwahlukahluka ngokufaka imibala noma. Uma umbala wezakhamuzi ze-aquarium uhlukile, lezi izinhlanzi ezijwayelekile ongeke ube nazo izinkinga ezinkulu.
Abanikazi bezinhlanzi, becabangisisa ukuthi bangazinakekela kanjani izinsikazi, futhi banemibuzo: ingabe izinhlanzi zidinga ngandlela thile ukuhlela ukulala kwazo nokuthi kuzokwenzekani uma ziqukethe inhlanzi eyodwa kuphela ku-aquarium. Ngokuqondene nokulala, inhlanzi, ngokomqondo, ayilali, kepha inciphisa kuphela umsebenzi wayo obalulekile, ngakho-ke abadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nokunakekelwa okukhethekile ngalesi sikhathi. Kepha “isizungu esiziqhenyayo” singalimaza inhlanzi kuphela, ngoba iyisidalwa esihambisanayo, futhi ukuxhumana okuhle nabanye abantu kukuhle kuphela.
Besho ukuthi ukunakekela ama-guppies kulula kakhulu, bathi lezi zinhlanzi zihlangana kahle nomndeni omkhulu embizeni enkulu noma encanyana ye-nano aquarium. Ochwepheshe baphikelela: lokhu kumane nje kuyindlela yesikhashana. Okuqukethwe izinhlanzi okwanele kungaqinisekiswa kuphela "endlini" ebanzi yengilazi, lapho izinga lamanzi lizoba khona okungenani amasentimitha angama-35 - 40.
Izitshalo zihambisana kangcono namaqabunga amancane, kepha lesi yisikhathi sokuhlobisa ngokweqile, ngokumelene nesizinda sazo inhlanzi encane izobukeka ingcono. Kuyingozi ukuyidlulisa ngenombolo yezitshalo, njengoba ukwehluka kwe-pH kungenzeka ngezikhathi ezihlukile zosuku (lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu empilweni yezinhlanzi). Ngendlela, amanye ama-aquarist ngokuvamile ayazibuza: Ngabe udinga "izikhala eziluhlaza" kanye nenhlabathi yama-guppies? Impendulo ingaba yile: ukubeka izitshalo ku-aquarium noma cha, intando yenkosi, kepha isitshalo esisodwa kumele sisetshenziswe ngokuyikho, siyi-fern yamaNdiya.
INGOZI: ezimweni lapho i-Indian fern isithathe izimpande futhi ikhula kahle, izimo zokuphindeka zijwayelekile. Uma izimpande ze-fern ziqala ukubola, futhi isitshalo sithelela phezulu, kusho ukuthi izimo ze-guppy ziye zonakala futhi nenhlanzi zidinga usizo. Yikuphi - ngokuphuthumayo kudingeka uthole.
Ingabe i-guppy idinga ukukhanya? Cishe ngeke yebo, yebo. Izitshalo ze-Aquarium zidinga ukukhanya, futhi ukukhanya okungena phakathi kwe-aquarium phakathi nosuku, okungukuthi, cishe isigamu sosuku, kwanele izinhlanzi. Uma ufaka isikhanyiso esingeziwe, esijikelezayo sewashi ekunakekelweni kwezinhlanzi, umphumela uyoba yinhlekelele. Ezinhlanzini, amandla okuzala azoncipha, imibala yawo omuhle uyaphela.
QAPHELA: usuku ngemuva kokukhanyiswa okuqhubekayo kwe-aquarium, izinhlanzi ezibomvu zizoshintsha zibe pinki. Kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukuphumula emalambu ukuze kubuyiswe ukugcwala kwemibala kwizilwane ezifuywayo.
Izinja ziphefumula umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe emanzini, ngakho-ke ungakhohlwa ukuvula i-aeration nokuhlunga uma i-aquarium "isezingeni." Uma kungagcwele, vumela konke kuhambe ngendlela yemvelo. Izimpawu oqonda ngazo ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokunikeza umsebenzi i-aerator: izinhlanzi zizobhukuda uqobo lwangaphandle kwe-aquarium, zigwilisa umoya ngokulangazela.
Kungcono ukuthenga isihlungi esishibhile, okubizwa ngokuthi ngaphakathi nesitsha sokugeza. Iqiniso lokuthi awunamandla amakhulu lihle - ngeke amunze izinhlanzi ezincane.
Abanikazi abaningi bezinhlanzi banombuzo: kungani kwesinye isikhathi begxuma ngaphandle bevela e-aquarium. Isizathu kungaba ukunakekelwa okungafanele - ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo noma ukonakala kwikhwalithi yamanzi - mhlawumbe akubange kuvuselelwa isikhathi eside, bekungahlanzwanga i-aquarium. Uma kunjalo, ukugcinwa kokuzala nokuzala kuzinkinga kuba yinkinga, isidingo esiphuthumayo sokulungisa lesi simo.
Ukukhuluma ngamanzi: amanzi olwandle angasetjenziswa e-aquarium? Ochwepheshe bayaxwayisa: cha! Ama-guppies izinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile, ngakho-ke amanzi olwandle awalunganga kuzo - lokhu kuyinto engaphandle. Kepha inhlanzi izothatha amanzi anosawoti kancane ngokujwayelekile.
Ukubuyiselwa okuyingxenye kwamanzi ku-aquarium kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe kanye ngeviki, kepha lokhu akumele kwenziwe hhayi "nge-gulp eyodwa", kodwa kancane kancane, ukusabalalisa inani lamanzi adinga ukushintshwa (cishe isigamu senani eliphelele le-aquarium) ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinsuku zeviki. Iqiniso ngukuthi noma yikuphi ukushintshashintsha okubukhali ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali amanzi kuyichaphazela kabi impilo yezitabane. Abesifazane bangayeka ukukhiqiza inzalo.
Kodwa-ke, okunye okweqile - ukungashintshi amanzi nhlobo - kubuye kube nemiphumela emibi: ezinhlanzini, ukumelana kwazo nezifo ezahlukahlukene kuya kuba kubi.
ICEBISO: Ukungavikeleki kukaGuppy kungaqiniswa ngosawoti wolwandle. Yengeze (ithisipuni elilodwa noma amabili nge-10 lamalitha amanzi) e-aquarium. Nikeza izintandokazi ngosawoti othengwe esitolo sezilwane. Isixazululo esingamaphesenti amahlanu se-iodine sizonikeza umphumela ofanayo (kuwo wonke amalitha angama-20-30 amanzi kuzodingeka amaconsi amabili noma amathathu).
Ihambisana nezinye izinhlanzi
Azikho ezinye izinhlanzi ze-aquarium ezilinyazwa yizinsini. Hambani ngokujwayelekile. Kepha inkinga ihlukile: i-guppy incane kakhulu ukuthi ingagwenywa, ikwenza iphutha ukudla. Kungakho uhlu lalabo ongeke bahlale nabo “phansi kophahla olulodwa” lungaphezu kohlu lomakhelwane abahle.
Izitabane azihambelani:
- gourami omkhulu
- pangasius,
- indoda yenkemba
- ibhola loshaka
- umgqomo womlilo
- I-Sumatran barbus.
Ukuhlala ngokuthula kungenzeka nge:
- amakhadinali
- i-paring
- neon
- amaphela
- ama-catfish acwebile (ngaphandle kwe-catfish enkudlwana, awazona izinyamazane ezidla kanye nama-guppies eduze kwabo).
Isifo se-Guppy
Abayona ingozi. Lokhu kuyi-plistophorosis, ukubola okuphelile, isifo sofuba, i-scoliosis, ibala elibomvu. Ukuqonda ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngenhlanzi, kufanele wazi ukuthi inhlanzi enempilo kufanele ibukeke kanjani:
- babe abafundi abasobala
- amaphini angenawo ushukela
- ukuzola, ukuphefumula okusheshayo
- izikejana kufanele zihambisane
- ukunyakaza kwezinhlanzi kukhona amandla, ngaphandle kokugqwala ohlangothini olulodwa noma “okokuqandisa” endaweni
Uma ezinye zalezi zimpawu zingasebenzi, khona-ke kunesizathu sokukhathazeka. Kwesinye isikhathi imbangela yezingxabano ngumsila odwenguliwe. Kungani lokhu kwenzeka ngama-guppies? Imvamisa, isizathu siwukuthi amanzi amadala, angaguquki isikhathi eside, lapho kuqoqwe khona i-ammonia nama-nitrate amaningi kakhulu. Futhi ekuvinjelweni kwale ndaba, udinga ukondla izinhlanzi ngendlela elinganiselayo, qiniseka ukuthi ufaka amavithamini kwimenyu, futhi nakanjani udinga ukunakekelwa okufanele kwe-aquarium.
Umsila onsundu - Kungakhombisa nezinga lamanzi elibi, kanti elilahlekile nhlobo - ukuthi izinhlanzi zazinezitha e-aquarium futhi udinga ukuthola ukuthi ngubani okufanele asolwe ngalokhu kuhlazisa futhi avikele ababuthaka. Ngendlela, uma umenzi wobubi engatholakali, imbangela yomsila olahlekile kungaba yisifo esithathelwanayo.
Enye i-alamu - umgogodla ogobile. Uma lokhu kuwuphawu olungeyona into yokuzalwa, kodwa kutholakala, khona-ke singakhuluma ngesifo sofuba senhlanzi, okusho ukuthi ukwelashwa kuzodingeka, okungahlali kunikeze umphumela omuhle. Noma mhlawumbe lokhu kumane nje kungumphumela we-aquarium eseqile noma uphawu lokuguga kwezinhlanzi. Kunoma ikuphi, kungcono ukucela uchwepheshe ukuthi afinyelele iziphetho ezidingekayo.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Lezi zinhlanzi ziphila ngokwesilinganiso iminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu, abanye abantu kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu. Ukushisa kwempilo kuthonywa kakhulu izinga lokushisa lamanzi: ukufudumala kwamanzi, i-alas, okufushane isikhathi se-guppy, ngoba isilinganiso se-metabolic emzimbeni omncane senziwe ngesivinini futhi, ngenxa yalokho, impilo ifinyelela esiphelweni ngokushesha.
Intengo emaphakathi lapho ungathenga khona i-guppy
Ukufuya nokufuya izinhlanzi zasemanzini, kufaka phakathi ama-guppies, kwenziwa izinkampani ezikhethekile. E-Russia, lena yiMosfish (emakethe kusukela ngo-1992).
Ikheli lakhe: IMoscow, st. Ilimskaya, d.6. Ucingo : +7 (926) 166-96-85. I-imeyili: mos [email protected]
Intengo yama-guppies iguquguquka cishe kuma-ruble angama-35 - 40. Kwi-Intanethi ungathola okunikezwa ukuthenga izinhlanzi ngentengo yama-ruble ayi-15. umuntu ngamunye.
Ukwehluka kobulili
Akunandaba ukuthi zincane kangakanani lezi zinhlanzi, akunzima kangako ukwahlukanisa “umfana” “nentombazane”. Amantombazane e-Guppy akhudlwana, isisu sawo sikhudlwana, kepha umbala uyadakasa. Emadodeni, umbala awugcini ngokukhanya kuphela, kepha ubonakala emzimbeni wezinhlanzi esemncane kakhulu. Isibonakaliso esiqinisekile: Yikuphi kwenhlanzi "egqokile" kuqala, lowo "umfana".
I-caudal fin emadodeni mikhulu kunaleya yabesifazane, kanti i-anal fin isebenza njenge-gonopodia, okungukuthi ngosizo lwayo, abesilisa be-guppy bafaka izinsikazi.
Isithombo
Ukuzala ama-guppies kuwumsebenzi olula. Lezi zinhlanzi ze-viviparous zingakhiqiza inzalo ngisho ngaphandle kowesilisa: uma umuntu omdala evundisiwe angaba ngumama izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili.
Ukukhula koqhoqhoqho ngaphakathi komzimba wakhe kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-35 kuye kwangama-45. Usayizi we "brood" nawo ungahluka: omama abancane bazoletha izingane eziyishumi nambili, futhi banolwazi, sebevele bazala - babe ngamakhulu.
Ungayinquma kanjani indlela yokuzalwa? Kwowesifazane okhulelwe, ibala elisendaweni ye-anus liqala ukuba mnyama. Kumnyama kubi, kuzofika maduze ukuzalwa.
Kwesinye isikhathi kwenzeka into emangazayo: i-guppy ikhiqiza “amantombazane” kuphela. Ngani? Ososayensi okwamanje abakwazanga ukuthola inqubo eqondile yalomthethonqubo onjalo, kepha, kungenzeka kakhulu, lokhu kusabela okuvikelayo komzimba wesifazane ekwandiseni okwedlulele kwabesilisa.
Izinhlanzi ze-guppy endle
Ukusatshalaliswa kwalezi zinhlanzi endaweni yemvelo kukhulu kakhulu, ngenxa yesilinganiso sokusinda esiphakeme salezinhlobo nokungathobeki kwazo ezimeni zokuhlala zemvelo. EYurophu, lezi zinhlanzi zavela kuphela ngo-1866. Bathola igama labo ukuhlonipha umpristi, kanye nodokotela odumile - uRobert Guppy, ohlala eNgilandi.
Ukubukeka nencazelo
Owesilisa uhluke kowesifazane ngenxa yokuba khona kombala okhanyayo ngokwanele. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi umbala wezinhlanzi ezihlala emvelweni yemvelo uhlukile kakhulu kulezo ezihlanganiswa kuphela njengokuhlobisa.
Izinhlobo ze-aquarium zezinhlanzi ze-Guppy zihlukaniswa ngemibala ehlukahlukene, owesilisa nowesilisa.
Izindawo zokuhlala zemvelo
Indawo yemvelo yezinhlanzi zakwaGuppy ifinyelela eziqhingini zaseTrinidad naseTobago, esifundeni saseNingizimu Melika, kubandakanya iVenezuela, iGuiana neBrazil. Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo, njengomthetho, imelelwa ngokugijima, kwamanzi ahlanzekile, kepha amanye amalungu omndeni akhetha ukuhlala emanzini asebusweni basolwandle. Ukudla kwalezi zinhlanzi kufaka izibungu, izibungu, izibungu zegazi nezinye izinambuzane ezincane, kubandakanya nomiyane womalaleveva. Ngakho-ke, ezindaweni ezine-density ephezulu yalawa ma-bloodsucking, iningi labantu abaningi kakhulu bezinhlanzi ze-guppy.
Izinhlobo ze-Guppy
Namuhla kuyaziwa ngezinhlobo eziningana zefishi zeGuppy, ezihlukahluka ngokubukeka. Nazi:
- I-Scarlet fantail ne-fantail eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Iveli noma isitimela, esine-emerald, emnyama enomsila, okhaphethi omnyama-omnyama.
- Isikhafu-isikhafu, esivezwa yi-dorsal fin ngesimo sesikhafu, kanye nobume obukhethekile bomsila wokuphela.
- I-Moscow green green ne mini mini bushelelezi.
- Ikhaphethi yeVelvet, kanye nama-guppy-clove neSpanishi.
- I-Berlin red-tailed noma i-Half-mtundu, ebonakala ngenani elikhulu lezinhlobo zangaphakathi.
- Roundtail.
- Iribhoni le-Guppy, elinomsila wokuphela kobuso obuhlukile.
- I-Guppy iribhoni-isikhafu esinenhlawulo yedorobha ngendlela yesikhafu.
- Ingwe noma isigamu.
- I-Mesh noma i-mesh yegolide.
Lamaqembu ezinhlanzi ze-guppy athandwa kakhulu kulezi zinsuku, njengama-smaragd amahle kanye ne-Winner guppies, kufaka phakathi namaphimpi egolide we-smaragd. Izindawo zasemanzini zifunwa kakhulu nezinhlanzi, eziphawulwa ngokwanda okude, kanye ne-dorsal Fin elenga phansi eceleni. Njengomthetho, izinhlanzi ezinjalo zingezinhlobo zohlobo lwezifucu.
Le nhlanzi ephila bukhoma inomzimba omude futhi imelela umndeni omkhulu wePeciliae. Uhlobo lwe-aquarium lowesifazane lukhulu kakhulu ngosayizi, lisukela kwamasentimitha amathathu kuya kwayisithupha. Ngokuqondene nabesilisa, amasayizi abo acishe abe izikhathi ezi-2. Ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ze-guppy, ezifuywa ngokwezifiso, zikhulu kakhulu ngosayizi uma ziqhathaniswa nezihlobo zazo zemvelo.
Iqiniso elithandekayo! Njengoba izinhlanzi zingama-viviparous, kuzalwa inzalo ekhule ngokugcwele futhi ilungele ukudla ifishi elincane, kufaka phakathi i-ciliates.
Yikuphi aquarium ukukhetha
Okokuqala, udinga ukunika isikhathi izinhlanzi ukuze zijwayele izimo ezintsha, kuyilapho udinga ukubheka izinkomba zokushisa, kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, khona-ke izilwane ezifuywayo ezikhangayo zingashabalala.
Kukholelwa ukuthi cishe amalitha amabili noma amathathu amanzi enhlanzi ngayinye yanele. Ukubhekelwa ikakhulukazi kuyodingeka kukhokhwe ekukhanyiseni, okufanele kuhlale amahora angama-10-12. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, khona-ke ukuntuleka kokukhanyisa kungaholela ekubonakala kwezifo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukuwohloka komgogodla.
Imifino kufanele ikhethwe kulezo zinhlobo ezinamaqabunga amancane futhi athambile. Ngakho-ke, preference kufanele inikezwe Hornwort kanye Elodea, kanye namanzi Fern Indian. Ama-aquarists anokuhlangenwe nakho ancoma ukusetshenziswa kwe-spisal valisneria ne-nitella enhle.
Izidingo zamanzi
Njengoba izwe lezinhlanzi liyindawo eshisayo, ziyizinhlanzi ezithanda ukushisa ezidinga umbuso othile wokushisa, osukela ku-+22 kuya ku-+26 degrees.
Futhi, noma kunjalo, lezi zinhlanzi zingashintshwa ukuze zihlale kububanzi bokushisa obubanzi, ukusuka ku- +19 kuya ku- +29 degrees.
Ngokusho kwabasebenza ngemikhumbi yasemanzini, umbuso wokushisa awuhlazi ngemigomo yezinhlanzi ze-guppy, ngoba bazivumelanisa kalula nezimo ezinganethezekile kubo. I-acidity yamanzi kufanele ibe ku-pH ye-7.0-7.2, kanye nobulukhuni bayo ngezinga le-dH 12-15.
Ukunakekelwa Kwezinhlanzi Ze-Guppy
Inqubo yokunakekelwa kwezinhlanzi ze-Guppy ilula impela, ebilisa ukondla izinhlanzi zasemanzini kahle, kanye nokuhlanza njalo nokubuyisela amanzi endaweni ethile e-aquarium.
Izinhlobo eziningi zamaGuppies zithanda ukuhlala emanzini ahlanzekile, acwebile, anamandla angenamandla. Uma ugcina izinhlanzi isikhathi eside emanzini angcolile, ngaphandle kokuzisusa esikhundleni sazo, khona-ke kuzo zonke izinhlobo zeveli zokufafazwa kwamawele ziyabonakala.
Isabelo sokudla
Izinhlanzi ze-Guppy zibonisa isigaba sezinhlanzi ze-aquarium ezi-omnivorous, ngakho-ke ukudla kwazo kufanele kube nezakhi ezincane zokudla, imvelaphi yezilwane nezitshalo. Njengomthetho, lawa ama-microorganisms alula kakhulu nama-rotifter. Uma izinhlanzi zingakudli konke ukudla, khona-ke kungcono ukuzikhipha e-aquarium, ngoba kungadala ukungcoliswa kwamanzi okukhulu. Izinhlanzi zondla isigamu sehora ngemuva kokukhanyisa ukukhanya.
Kubalulekile ukwazi! Ukuze ulondoloze izinhlanzi zasemanzini ezinempilo, uzihlinzekela umsebenzi wezimoto, iGuppy endala idinga izinsuku zokuzila (2 ngeviki).
Izinto zokudla ezifanelekela kakhulu izinhlanzi zama-guppy ama-philodines ne-aspalanha, kufaka phakathi ama-crustaceans, ngendlela yama-cyclops, i-daphnia kanye ne-larvae yomiyane (i-bloodworms). Izikelemu ezincane ezinsundu, ibhubhu, i-auloforus neuston, kanye nezinto zemvelaphi yesitshalo, ngendlela ye-chlorella ne-spirulina, nazo ziyafaneleka. Inketho enhle ukusebenzisa ukudla okwomile osezingeni eliphakeme izinhlanzi ze-aquarium. Ngasikhathi sinye, udinga ukwazi ukuthi zonke izinsuku izinsikazi ezindala zidla kuze kube nesigamu esisodwa nesigamu sabesifazane abancane, nabesifazane - kuze kube yizicucu eziyi-10.
Inhlabathi nezitshalo
Kufanele athengwe ndawonye. Ama-guppies awanciphisi emhlabathini, ngakho-ke kufanele kukhethwe ngokuya ngokuthi ukhetha yiphi i-algae. Okukhethwa kukho okuhle yi-fern yaseNdiya. Ngeke nje kube umhlobiso omuhle, kepha futhi kuzoba uhlobo lwephepha le-litmus lezimo zokuboshwa. Uma i-fern igxile kahle futhi ikhula, khona-ke imibandela ilungele i-guppy.. Uma ama-fern rots futhi efa, kusho ukuthi izinhlanzi zinobunzima, kuyaphuthuma ukubheka imbangela futhi kuziqede.
Lapho uthenga inhlabathi, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza ngobukhona besawoti kuyo, okuthi, lapho ichithwa, bungakhulisa ubulukhuni bamanzi.
Ihambisana nezinye izinhlanzi
Uma ama-guppies kungewona kuphela izakhamuzi ezise-aquarium ngamalitha angama-30, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhethe omakhelwane abalungele bona.
Izinhlanzi ze-guppy aquarium zabaqalayo zingalulekwa ukuba zizinze ngezinhlanzi zomndeni ofanayo - i-pecilieva. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-pecilia, i-swordsman, i-alfaro turquoise, i-limia, i-molliesia.
Izinhlanzi ze-Guppy zingagcinwa ezindaweni zokudoba ezincane neminye imindeni yezinhlanzi. Ama-guppies angahlangana kahle ne-catfish encane kanye nezinye izakhamuzi ze-benthic. Ama-guppies athande ukukhanya, indawo yawo iyizingxenye zamanzi ezingenhla neziphakathi, ama-catfish akhetha phansi, ngakho-ke awusoze waba nezingxabano endaweni yonke. Kungenzeka ukuthi abazi nokuthi bukhona bobabili.
Izinhlanzi ezincane ezinjenge-zebrafish, iris, cockerels, ne-bots nazo zingaba omakhelwane abahle.
Omakhelwane ababi kakhulu yizo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezidla inyama.. Hhayi imisila enhle ye-guppy kuphela, kodwa futhi nenzalo yabo ingahlupheka ngenhlanzi ye-discus, i-goldfish, amasaka, i-astronotuse, i-cichlids.
Ngokuvamile, izinhlanzi ze-guppy, ukunakekelwa kwazo nokunakekelwa kwazo akunazinkinga. Bahlala banconywa ukuqala ama-novice aquarists. Uma ufundile kahle ama-guppies nokuthi ungawanakekela kanjani, ufuna ukuzama isandla sakho ukugcina nokuzalanisa izinhlanzi ezifuna ngokwengeziwe futhi ezihlukile, kusiza ukuqalisa ukuzalanisa, izinhlobo zohlobo oluphelele lwama-guppies noma uzame ngisho nokuzala iqembu elisha lakho.
Kungani guppies ukudabula imisila?
Kungaba nezizathu eziningi, kepha okuvame kakhulu ngamanzi asendulo, angavamile ukufakwa esikhundleni. Iqongelela i-ammonia ne-nitrate, futhi inobuthi kwezinhlanzi futhi ichithe amaphisi. Shintsha amanzi njalo ukuthola amanzi amasha.
Kungabuye kube nokushintshwa okubukhali kwamanzi, ukulimala noma ukungondleki kahle lapho kunamavithamini ambalwa.
Uma umsila wezinhlanzi unyamalale, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esesabisayo - kungenzeka ukuthi othile uyakusika futhi udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela inhlanzi leyo egcinwe ngayo, noma ithola isifo esithathelwanayo, futhi kufanele ubhekisise enye inhlanzi.
Kungani guppy inomgogodla ogobile?
Izinhlanzi ezinjalo zitholakala cishe kunoma yiziphi izinhlobo zezilwane, njengoba umthetho lokhu kungukuphazamiseka kusukela ekuzalweni. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ngezinhlanzi zabantu abadala, khona-ke lokhu kungahle kubangelwe yiqiniso lokuthi iqukethe e-aquarium eseduze kakhulu, nenani elikhulu lezinhlanzi.
Imvamisa, umgogodla nawo ugogekile kusuka ekugugeni, futhi lokhu kujwayelekile, kepha imbangela evame kakhulu isifo sofuba noma i-mycobacteriosis.
Lesi sifo siyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ukwelashwa kwayo akulula, akuhlali kuletha imiphumela. Ukuze ugweme ukwanda kokutheleleka, kungcono ukuhlukanisa izinhlanzi ezinjalo.
Ngabe ngidinga i-oksijini nesihlungi se-guppy?
Ayidingeki, kepha ifiselekile. Ungathenga isihlungi esishibhile, sangaphakathi ngendwangu yokuwasha. Izokwenza imisebenzi yayo kahle ngokwanele futhi ngeke incane inhlanzi.
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi uma uthenge isihlungi futhi sisetshenziselwe ukuphakama (ukuze ubuso bamanzi e-aquarium buqhubeke), awudingi ukuthenga i-aeration eyengeziwe noma, ngokumane nje, u-oxygen.
Kungani ama-guppies ezintanta ebusweni?
Baphefumula umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe emanzini, futhi akwanele ku-aquarium yakho. Ngoba ngani? Mhlawumbe kuyashisa kakhulu, mhlawumbe ungakahlanza i-aquarium isikhathi eside futhi awukashintshi amanzi, mhlawumbe kugcwele kakhulu.
Qiniseka ukuthi uvula i-aeration noma i-filtration (beka isihlungi eduze kwamanzi ukuze uthuthukise ukushintshanisa igesi) bese ubeka amanye amanzi ngamanzi amasha.
Kungani ama-guppies anamathela ndawonye noma anamathela ndawonye?
Ngeshwa, awukwazi ukusho isizathu ngqo, noma ngabe i-aquarium iseduze kwakho. Lokhu kungaba ukondliwa okungafanele (oku-monotonous, kuphela ngokudla okuomile noma okuningi), kungahle kube nemikhawulo yamanzi engafanele (i-ammonia eningi), futhi mhlawumbe nesifo.
Ubuncane obudinga ukwenziwa ukubuyisa ingxenye yamanzi, unciphise inhlabathi bese ushintsha uhlobo lokuphakelwa.
Ukufuya nokuzala ngohlobo lwe-guppy
Owesifazane ubamba inzalo yakhe yesikhathi esizayo amasonto ama-3 noma ngaphezulu kwenyanga eyodwa, kuya ngohlobo lokushisa lokuqukethwe okuqukethwe. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, kungazalwa izingcezu eziyi-12 kuya kwezingu-200 zikaFry.
Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi! Kunezimo lapho inzalo yazalwa unyaka owodwa kuphela ngemuva kwenqubo yokuzalela. Kulokhu, abalimi bokufuya izinhlanzi basebenzisa kuphela izintokazi ezalwayo ezihlukaniswe ngabesilisa.
Ngemuva kokubeletha, gazinga zigcinwa esitsheni esihlukile izinsuku zokuqala eziyi-10, bese zidluliselwa kwesinye isitsha esithe xaxa. Kakade ngemuva kwenyanga eyi-1 zingahlukaniswa zibe ngabesilisa nabesilisa, zinake ubumnyama endaweni ehlaziyayo. Ezimweni zokufakelwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi akukho ukuzalaniswa okungalawulwa kwezinhlanzi ze-guppy. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa izinhlanzi ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ihambisana nezinye izinhlanzi zasemanzini
Endabeni yokuzalanisa, kuyadingeka ukuba ube ne-aquarium enezimila ezanele. Lolu hlobo lwenhlanzi luhlukaniswa ngemvelo yalo ethanda ukuthula, ngakho-ke luhlangana ngaphandle kwezinkinga endaweni eyodwa nezinye, izinhlobo ezifanayo zokuthanda izinhlanzi zasemanzini. Ngakho-ke, akunakuphikwa ukuthi kuyanconywa ukuthi bahlanganyele izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezinolaka, njengama-barbs, ngokwesibonelo.
Izinhlanzi ze-Guppy zibonisa enye engazethembi kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho izinhlanzi ezaziwa kakhulu ze-aquarium. Njengomthetho, izinhlanzi zithanda ukuhlala emihlambini, zibe sezingeni eliphakathi nendawo noma ngaphezulu kwamanzi. Ezinye izinhlanzi ezimele umndeni we-haracin nazo zingaba eduze kwazo ngokuthula. Kungaba ngamakhorali noma ama-neons, bots, kanye ne-aquarium catfish.
Ukuthenga kuphi nokuthi kubiza malini
Ukuthenga lezi zinhlanzi akuyona inkinga, vele uvakashele isitolo sezilwane noma imakethe, lapho kunendawo eyanele yangasese. Kulesi sigaba, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi isilinganiso sabantu besifazane nabesilisa kufanele silinganiswe 2 kuya ku-1, okungukuthi, abesifazane ababili kowesilisa.
Amanani wezinhlanzi ze-guppy aquarium ahluka ngokweqembu lokuzalwa, iminyaka nobukhulu. Izindleko zabo zisukela kuma-ruble angama-90 kuye kwangama-110 lilinye. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi ngisho nezinhlobo ezinqabileyo ziyabiza kunoma yimuphi umuntu wasemanzini.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Izinhlanzi ze-Guppy zihlukaniswa ngokungathobeki kwazo, ngakho-ke ukulondolozwa kwazo kungatholakala ngisho nakuma-aquarists okuqala. Inhlanzi incane, kepha ibukeka ngobuhle, ayidingi izimo ezikhethekile zokuboshwa. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, abanikazi abaningi balezi zinhlanzi abazikhuthazi izifiso ze-novice ukuthi baqale ukugcina izinhlanzi ezigqamile futhi ezinhle ezinamaphiko amade futhi ngisho nawezinkukhu.
Kubalulekile ukwazi! Izinhlanzi ezinjalo ze-aquarium zivezwa ukungatheleleki okungatheni amandla, okudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ezimeni zokulungiswa kwazo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo zokuzalela, izinhlobo ezilula zezinhlanzi ze-guppy zimelana kakhulu nezimo zokuboshwa, ngakho-ke zingathokozisa abanini bazo isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, azidali zinkinga esiteji sokugcinwa kwazo endaweni yokufakelwa.
Ekugcineni
Abaningi, esikhundleni sokugcina ikati noma inja efulethini, bathenga i-aquarium, bayihlomise bese beyigcwalisa ngenhlanzi. Lokhu kuyathakazelisa, ngaphezu kwalokho, noma iyiphi i-aquarium izohlala ihlobisa noma yikuphi okungaphakathi kwefulethi. Ukubhukuda kwezinhlanzi ezinhle nezikhangayo kwikholamu yamanzi azihehi amakhaya kuphela, kepha futhi nabajwayelene nabangane abazokuvakasha. Ngakho-ke kukhona abathandi abasha bezinhlanzi ze-aquarium. Izinzuzo zokugcina izinhlanzi zisobala. Njengoba lokhu akudingi izindleko ezinkulu, kodwa lokhu akusho neze ukuthi konke kulula kakhulu futhi okuyisisekelo. Uma ubuza umnikazi ngamunye we-aquarium ngalokhu, kuzoba nzima ukusho ukuthi zingaki izinhlanzi azifile ngaphambi kokuba akwazi ukuqala le nqubo ejwayelekile. Bonke bazosho ukuthi akuyona yonke into elula njengokucabanga kwabantu abaningi, kepha imvamisa le nqubo ibiza kakhulu, kuthatha isikhathi esiningi. Noma ngubani usho lokhu, futhi anakekele, noma inhlanzi, iyadingeka njalo, ngaphandle kwalokho imiphumela emibi kakhulu yezinhlanzi iyenzeka. Futhi lapha okuningi kuya ngosayizi we-aquarium nezinhlobo zezinhlanzi eziqukethwe kuwo.
Ngamanye amagama, uma umuntu ecabanga ukuthi izinhlanzi azidingi kunakekelwa, unephutha, ngakho-ke kufanele uzilungiselele masinyane ukuthi ngisho nenhlanzi izothatha ingxenye yesikhathi esihle. Ikakhulu isikhathi esiningi sichithwa esigabeni sokuqala lapho kufanele ukhethe futhi unikeze i-aquarium ngakho konke okudingayo, okubandakanya ukuthenga izinhlanzi. Lapho zonke izinqubo zenziwa zenziwe ngendlela ejwayelekile, khona-ke kuzoba lula kancane, ngoba yonke inqubo yesondlo izoba ekunakekelweni nasekuondleni.