I-Boar (izingulube zasendle) - Isilwane sobukhulu obuphakathi, kungokwesigaba sezilwane ezincelisayo. Phakathi kwabantu, “ingulube yasendle” ingukhokho okude wengulube ehlala ekhaya.
Ezimweni zemvelo, izingulube ziyisilwane esiyingozi impela. Uyakwazi ukuzizwa eyisihambi ngamabanga amade kakhulu. Ukuvikelwa kwensimu yalo kungumsebenzi wezimbokodo.
Ukuzingela kwezinkukhu zasendle uhlobo olingayo lokuphumula. Abazingeli bakholelwa ukuthi ku-trophy kufanele kube ne-boar efile. Njengomthetho, izikhumba ziyaqoqwa, nenyama iphekiwe.
Ama-snar snakes agcinwe kahle, ikakhulukazi abonakala ezindongeni zabazingeli abadumile. Izithombe izinhloso izingulube zasendle kuthunyelwe emithonjeni eminingi yomlando.
Incazelo nezici ze-boar zasendle
I-boar yasendle yasendle yenkukhu - Lesi sigcawu singama-artiodactyls, isizinda esingesilo esithuthukile nomndeni wezingulube. Le nyamazane ihluke kakhulu kwengulube yasekhaya. Umzimba umunene, ungqongqiwe futhi umfushane.
Imilenze mide futhi ibe mikhulu, okumvumela ukuthi ahambe amabanga amade. Ikhanda elinamandla, nesipikili eside, izindlebe ziqondile futhi zibukhali. Inzuzo enkulu izingulube zasendle - lokhu kungukungcebeleka kwakhe okuhlala kukhula.
Amabhulashi aminyene naminyene amboza wonke umzimba. Onqenqemeni olungaphezulu lwesiqu, izinwele zakha okuthile okufana ne-mane lapho amabulu eqaphile noma ethukile.
Umbala wesilwane ungasukela ku-brown-brown uye kumnyama - kuye ngokuthi uhlala kuphi. Esikhathini sezulu esibandayo, ngaphansi kwengubo ephakeme, ungqimba lwethafa elingaphansi luyakhula. Umbala izingulube zasendle ingahluka futhi kuya ngendawo yokuhlala.
I-torso eboshwe kahle iphenduka ibe umsila omfushane, ibhulashi le-fluffy. ingxenye yangaphambili izingulube zasendle ithuthukiswe kakhulu, emvumela ukuthi athuthele ezindaweni ezikude. Ubude bomzimba bufika ku-175 cm, isisindo kuhla ukusuka ku-100 kuye kuma-200 kg, ukuphakama lapho kubuna kuze kufike kumitha eyi-1. Izinsikazi zincane kunabesilisa; ikhanda libuye lihluke ngosayizi.
Indlela yokuphila yama-Boar nendawo yokuhlala
Izindawo zokuqala ezaziwayo izingulube zasendle ngeyaseNingizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia. Base bezinza emazweni amaningi. Ukuvela kwe-boar yasendle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kushintshe ngombala, ubukhulu bekhanda nomzimba.
Imvelo ephilayo inkulu kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo. Ingxenye ebalulekile isabalale emahlathini aqatha futhi axubile, ezifundeni ze-taiga kanye ne-steppe zone.
Ezikhathini zasendulo, indawo yokuhlala izingulube zasendle be bebanzi kakhulu, manje kwezinye izindawo izingulube zasendle sezinyamalele ngokuphelele. E-Russia, isilwane sisatshalaliswa kakhulu eTien Shan, eSiberia eseNingizimu, eCaucasus, eTransbaikalia. Ama-boar asendle zingahlukaniswa zaba izigaba ezine eziyinhloko (kusuka esifundeni sokuhanjiswa):
* Ntshonalanga
* UmNdiya,
* EzaseMpumalanga,
* Isi-Indonesia.
Isizathu sokuthi isilwane sisheshe senziwe ekhaya, ukuzivumelanisa nesimo saso kanye nokuqina kokusebenza kwalo. Ama-boar asendle - Lesi isilwane senhlalo, kubona kujwayelekile ukubutha imihlambi.
Cishe kungowesifazane oyedwa kuya kwabathathu owesilisa ngamunye. Ukukhula okusha, izinsikazi nezingulube kuhlangana emihlanjini eminingi, abantu abadala bahlala ngokwehlukana. Owesifazane ungaba nezingulube ezi-6 kuye kwezingu-12 esihlahleni. Umbala uvame ukugqitshwa ukuze ulahlwe phakathi kwamaqabunga namagatsha.
Ukondla Ngengulube
Kudla izingulube zasendle ikakhulukazi imifino, okuvela kuyo ama-tubers, izimpande, amantongomane, amajikijolo, ama-acorns, amakhowe kufakwe ekudleni. Esikhathini sezulu esibandayo, lesi silwane siphoqelelwa ukuba sondle izibungu, amagxolo ezihlahla, amaqanda ezinyoni, i-carrion.
Uma kunokudla okwanele emahlathini, bangavakashela ipulazi lamazambane, ama-beet, ama-turnips nezinhlamvu. Kwesinye isikhathi zibangela ukulimala okukhulu kokutshala nezilimo.
Ukudla udoti wehlathi, amabhungane kaMeyi, izingulube zikaphayini kanye nezibungu kuvame ukudliwa. Ngakho-ke, ukwenza umgudu wokuhlanzeka, ngaphandle kokucekelwa phansi komhlaba njalo kuthuthukisa ukukhula kwezihlahla nezihlahla.
Abantu abadala ngosuku izingulube zasendle ingadla ama-3 kuya ku-6 kg wokudla. Lezo zilwane ezihlala eduze nemifula zingadla izinhlanzi. Amanzi abaluleke kakhulu ekudleni, kufanele kube yisamba esikhulu.
Ukuzalela nokuphila isikhathi eside kwama-boar asendle
Abantu abadala (isilinganiso) izingulube zasendle ungaphila kusuka eminyakeni eyi-10 kuye kweli-14, ekudingisweni kufinyelela eminyakeni engama-20. Eminyakeni engu-1.5 yobudala, ukuthomba kuyaqala, abesifazane abashade nabo kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuJanuwari.
I-brood kowesifazane ingaba kanye ngonyaka, kodwa futhi yenzeka izikhathi ezi-2-3. Umama uqapha izingulube ngokucophelela futhi uhlala enolaka. Ngemuva kwamaviki amathathu, abancane bangakwazi ukuzimela, ukuncelisa isikhathi eside kuya ezinyangeni ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-3,5.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwengulube nengulube yasendle?, empeleni akukho lutho, ngoba yisilwane esisodwa esifanayo. Kuphela izingulube Isihloko sencwadi, futhi izingulube zasendle, ingulube noma i-billhook - i-colloquial. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ekuzingeleni silulumagama. Kungashiwo ukuthi kuncike eminyakeni yomuntu ngamunye.
Lapho isilo sishesha, izingulube zingamelana kuze kufike umoya wokugcina. Ama-boar asendle kungenzeka umbulalikepha kubazingeli abaningi lokhu akusona isithiyo. Ekuphishekeleni ukuthokozela, kungaba yimpikiswano. I-boar iyakwazi ukuvikela ngokuphelele indawo yayo.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani ingulube yasendle?
Ingulube yasendle ingukhokho wengulube yasekhaya, kepha ibukeka ihluke kakhulu kuyo. Amanye amagama alesi silo - uhlakaniphile, izingulube zasendle, ingulube yasendle. Ama-boar ayizilwane ezincelisayo, iyunithi lama-artiodactyls, isizinda sezingulube ezifana (ezingasindi), izingulube zomndeni nohlobo lwezingulube zasendle.
Ama-boar ayisilwane esikhulu, esifinyelela kubude obufika kuma-175 cm. Umzimba waso mfushane kunalowo wezihlobo zawo ezifuywayo. Unesifuba esikhulu, esindayo kanye ne-pelvis emincane. Ikhanda likhulu futhi lincane kunaleyo yengulube yasekhaya, enomthi wedada, iphetha ngesibambiso. Amaphimbo aphuma emlonyeni wesilwane akhula impilo yonke. Kwabesilisa yinde kakhulu kunabesifazane. Amehlo mancane. Imilenze yinde futhi ibe mikhulu. Izindlebe zikhulu, zakhiwe ngamathiphu akhombe. Umsila awugobekile, uqonde, ufinyelela ubude obungu-20-25 cm, uphela ngebhulashi lezinwele ezi-bristle.
Umzimba wonke wengulube yasendle umbozwe ngama-bristles, ngaphandle kwengxenye engezansi yentamo nesisu. Eduze komgogodla, izinwele zezinsimbi zakha i-mane ekhuphuka nge-brashi lapho isilwane sesaba noma sicasukile. Umbala wama-bristles umnyama-nsundu, onesibalo sombala ophuzi. Ebusika, ama-billholes aqala umbala onsundu-grey. Ngaphandle, izingulube zibukeka zimnyama-nsundu. Izinselo, isihlakala, nemilenze engezansi kupendiwe kumnyama.
Amapigogo ahlala enemibala enemibala - nsundu-mnyama-omhlophe. Akuncike ekuzaleni nakumbala wabantu abadala.
Njengoba izingulube zasendle zihlala endaweni enkulu kakhulu yomhlaba, umbala wazo ungahluka kakhulu, kuya endaweni yezilwane. Endaweni yeLake Balkhash, ungathola abantu abanombala okhanyayo kakhulu. Ensimini yeBelarus, kutholakala izingulube zasendle ezinombala omnyama wama-bristles.
Ngabe izingulube zasendle zikala malini?
Ibhilidiok yesidoda endala ingafinyelela ekushwabeni isuka kumasentimitha angama-50 iye kumitha eyi-1, insikazi - ifike kumasentimitha angama-90. Isisindo sengulube yasendle endala ifinyelela kumakhilogremu ayi-100, kepha umuntu ngamunye angathola isisindo esingama-kilogremu angama-150 - 200. Izingulube ezisanda kuzalwa zinesisindo esiphakathi kwamagremu angama-600 kuya kwayi-1000, ngobuningi bamacala angama-850 amagremu. Ezinyangeni ezi-6 bathola ubunzima obungama-kilogremu angama-30.
EPrimorye naseManchuria, ama-hookers angafika isisindo esingaba yingxenye yethani. EMpumalanga Yurophu, abantu abafinyelela kumakhilogremu angama-275 kwesinye isikhathi bayatholakala.
ISIVIVINYO! Kunezimo lapho abazingeli babulala izingulube zasendle ezinobukhulu obukhulu kakhulu. Ukwenza isibonelo, ngonyaka ka-2015, kwabanjwa izingulube ezinesisindo somzimba ezingamakhilogremu angama-550 nobude bama-tusks angaphezu kuka-30 cm eRussia.
Imikhuba yendlela yokuphila
Ama-Boars ajwayelekile endaweni enkulu kakhulu yomhlaba, izilwanyana ezincelisayo ezimbalwa zomhlaba ezihlala endaweni efana nezingulube zasendle. Ngokuphila, bakhetha amahlathi ahlanganisiwe futhi aqobayo (nge-beech ne-oki) anomswakama ophezulu. Ukuba khona komzimba wamanzi oseduze, noma ngabe kuzoba ukubhukuda, kuyaphoqelelwa. Izingulube zasendle zihlala ezindaweni ezisezintabeni nasezifundeni eziseningizimu neNyakatho Yurophu, eNyakatho Melika, zidlangile ezindaweni eziseduze naseMpumalanga Ekude, ezindaweni ezise-Eforasia naseziqhingini zase-Indonesia.
Indawo yezingulube zasendle imboza izindawo ezisuka ogwadule olungamaphethelo kuya emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo, kanye namahlathi ama-mangrove kanye nehlathi lomhlanga. Izindawo ezithathwa yizilimo zezolimo aziziba izingulube zasendle, zidale ukulimala okukhulu kubalimi.
Ukuze wandise inani lama-hook bill, alethwa e-USA, South America nase Australia. Kulezi zindawo bazama ukuzalanisa ngokwezifiso.
E-Russia, izingulube zasendle zihlala emahlathini aseMoscow, kanye nasesifundeni i-Irkutsk, kanye naseKrasnoyarsk Territory.
AmaBoar akhetha ukuhola impilo esebenzayo ebusuku. Ntambama, balala emigodini yobumba. AmaBoars athanda ukuzilolonga odakeni, ngakho-ke alawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wawo futhi aqede nezindlala.
Izingulube zasendle zingama-omnivores. Bathola ukudla kwabo okuyinhloko ngaphansi komhlaba, bekumba ngesibaya nangamafutha. Ama-boars asendle adla ezimpandeni kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa zezitshalo, imbewu nezithelo zezihlahla nangamakhambi, amantongomane nezindawo ezingaphezulu komhlaba zezimila. Ngaphezu kokutshala ukudla, akufanele unake amaxoxo, amagundane nezinyoka ezincane.
Izinkukhu zasendle zithanda umphakathi, izinsikazi ezindala ezinezilwane ezincane nezinsizwa ezibuthakathaka zihlala emhlanjini wabantu abangaba ngu-30. Ngenkathi yokuzalela, kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuJanuwari, abesilisa abadala bahlanganisa umhlambi, abathanda ukuhlala bodwa.
Izici zokuziphatha
Ukuziphatha kwengulube endala akufani neze nokuziphatha kwengulube yasekhaya. Noma yimuphi umsindo noma into engajwayelekile, ukubonakala komuntu endleleni yakhe, kungasicasukela isilwane. Izingwegwe zama-Bill yizilwane ezingathuthuki kangako kunamabhere. Ukumunca indoda, ibhere liyokhetha ukuhamba. I-boar igxile kakhulu ezindabeni zayo, futhi ayinaki kakhulu ukuthi kwenzekani nxazonke. Ukuhlangana nomuntu kungamsabisa noma kumthukuthelise. Kunoma ikuphi, isilo esinamandla aphezulu kakhulu sizohlasela. Isilo esilimele noma eshaqekile siyozama ukubulala isitha ngamandla amaningi. Ubungozi obukhethekile obuvela kowesilisa kuya kubantu bangama-fangs. Abesifazane bathanda ukukhanda umphikisi ngemilenze yangaphambili.