Uvemvane lwaseBolivia (lat.Mikrogeophagus altispinosus, ngaphambili iPaplilochromis altispinosus) iyi-cichlid encane, enhle futhi enokuthula. Imvamisa ibizwa nangokuthi yi-Bolistian apistogram (okungalungile) noma i-cichlid emfushane, ngosayizi wayo omncane (kufika ku-9 cm ubude).
Ukugcina uvemvane lwaseBolivia kulula ngokwanele, kulungele kahle ama-aquariums ajwayelekile. Unolaka oluncane ukwedlula umzala wakhe - i-apistogram ye-ramirezi, kepha ngamazinga wama-cichlids akanalo nolaka nakancane. Uyesabeka kakhulu kunokuhlasela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlakaniphile ngokwanele, uyambona umniniyo futhi ucela ukudla noma nini lapho uya e-aquarium.
Ukuphila endalweni
I-Bolivian microgeophagus yaqala yachazwa nguHaseman ngo-1911. Okwamanje, ibizwa ngokuthi iMikrogeophagus altispinosus, yize phambilini ibibizwa ngePaplilochromis altispinosus (1977) neCrenicara altispinosa (1911).
Uvemvane lwaseBolivia luvela eSouth America: Bolivia naseBrazil. Izinhlanzi ezichazwe okokuqala zabanjwa ezindaweni zokugcina zeBolivia, lapho kwaqhamuka khona leli gama.
Zitholakala eRio Mamor, eduze komfula oseRio Guapor, ngasemfuleni i-Igarape River kanye nasezikhukhula zaseTodos Santos. Ukhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinesivalo esibuthakathaka, lapho kunezitshalo eziningi, amagatsha nezihlahla, lapho uvemvane luthola indawo yokukhosela.
Ikakhulu igcina ungqimba ophakathi naphansi, lapho umba khona emhlabathini, lapho ufuna izinambuzane. Noma kunjalo, ingondla ezingxenyeni eziphakathi futhi kwesinye isikhathi kusuka ebusweni.
Incazelo
Uvemvane iChromis luyinhlanzi encane enomzimba omise okwindilinga obukhulu namaphini akhomba. Emadodeni, la manzi amade kakhulu futhi akhombe ukwedlula kwabesifazane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesilisa bakhulu, bakhula babe ngu-9 cm, kuyilapho abesifazana bengamasentimitha ayi-6. Ukulindelwa kokuphila ku-aquarium cishe iminyaka emi-4.
Ubunzima kokuqukethwe
Ilungele ukugcinwa emanzini ajwayelekile, ikakhulukazi uma kungekho okuhlangenwe nakho kokugcina ama-cichlids. Ziyakwazi ukuzithoba, futhi ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwe-aquarium kwanele kubo.
Ziphinde zidle zonke izinhlobo zokuphakelwa, futhi okubaluleke - uma ziqhathaniswa namanye ama-cichlids, zihlala kahle kakhulu futhi aziphangi izitshalo.
Ukondla
Uvemvane lwaseBolivia lu uvemvane omnivorous, ngokwemvelo luphakama nge-detritus, imbewu, izinambuzane, i-caviar kanye nefry. I-aquarium ingadla ukudla kokufakelwa nokuphila.
I-Artemia, umenzi wamapayipi, i-corvette, i-bloodworm - uvemvane lidla konke. Kungcono ukondla kabili noma kathathu ngosuku, ngezingxenye ezincane.
Ama-apistograms awadli futhi awadli kancane, kanti okunye okusele kokuphakelayo kungavele kunyamalale phansi uma kudlulelwa ngokweqile.
Umthamo omncane wamalitha angama-80. Khetha amanzi ngokugeleza okuncane, nokuhlunga okuhle.
Kungcono ukugcina izimvemvane zaseBolivia e-aquarium enamapharamitha azinzile kanye ne-pH 6.0-7.4, ubunzima be-6-14 dGH kanye nokushisa kwe-23-26C.
Okuqukethwe kwe-ammonia ephansi nokuqukethwe komoya ophefumulile, isiqinisekiso sokuthi bazothola umbala wabo omkhulu.
Njengomhlabathi, kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlabathi, lapho ama-microgeophaguses athanda ukumba.
Kubalulekile ukunikeza inani elikhulu ngokwanele lendawo yokukhosela, ngoba inhlanzi inamahloni impela. Kungaba njengokhukhunathi, amabhodwe, amashubhu, kanye nezinye izingibe.
Zithanda nokukhanya okunciphisiwe, okuhlanganisiwe, okungaqinisekiswa ngezitshalo ezintantayo ezintantayo phezu kwamanzi.
Ukuvumelana kwe-Aquarium
Ilungele kahle ukugcinwa endaweni ehlala emanzini ejwayelekile, kokubili namanye ama-cichlidi amancanyana kanye nezinhlanzi ezinokuthula ezinhlobonhlobo.
Banolaka oluncane kunama-ramirezi apistograms, kepha asenokuthula impela. Kepha ungakhohlwa ukuthi, yize incane, kepha icichlid.
Uyodlalela ku-fry, inhlanzi encane kakhulu futhi i-shrimp, ngoba isiqu sakhe sinamandla. Kungcono ukukhetha izinhlanzi ezinobukhulu obulinganayo, ama-gourami ahlukahlukene, ama-viviparous, ama-barbs.
Kungcono ukugcina umbhangqwana noma uwedwa, uma kukhona abesilisa ababili e-aquarium, khona-ke udinga indawo yokuhlala eningi nendawo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, bazohlela izinto.
Inqubo yokubhanqa iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ayihlelekanga. Njengomthetho, izinhlanzi eziningi ezincane zithengwa ekuqaleni, ezigcina zizakhe ngazimbili. Izinhlanzi ezisele ziyalahlwa.
OKUQUKETHWE I-AQUARIUM
Umthamo omncane wamalitha angama-80. Khetha amanzi ngokugeleza okuncane, nokuhlunga okuhle. Kungcono ukugcina izimvemvane zaseBolivia e-aquarium enamapharamitha azinzile kanye ne-pH 6.0-7.4, ubunzima be-6-14 dGH kanye nokushisa kwe-23-26C. Okuqukethwe kwe-ammonia ephansi nokuqukethwe komoya ophefumulile, isiqinisekiso sokuthi bazothola umbala wabo omkhulu.
Njengomhlabathi, kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlabathi, lapho ama-microgeophaguses athanda ukumba. Kubalulekile ukunikeza inani elikhulu ngokwanele lendawo yokukhosela, ngoba inhlanzi inamahloni impela. Kungaba njengokhukhunathi, amabhodwe, amashubhu, kanye nezinye izingibe.
Zithanda nokukhanya okunciphisiwe, okuhlanganisiwe, okungaqinisekiswa ngezitshalo ezintantayo ezintantayo phezu kwamanzi.
Ukuzala
Emvelweni, uvemvane chromis akha i-pair eqinile ebekela amaqanda angama-200. Kunzima kakhulu ukucosha umbhangqwana e-aquarium; imvamisa uthenge kuze kufike ezinhlanzini ezi-10, uzikhulise ndawonye.
Imibhangqwana iyazikhethela ngokwayo, futhi ithengise noma isabalalise izinhlanzi ezisele kubafishi basolwandle.
Ngokuvamile izimvemvane zaseBolivia ziqubuka e-aquarium ejwayelekile, kodwa ukuze omakhelwane bangadli amaqanda, kungcono ukuzitshala endaweni ehlukile yokuhluma.
Babekela amaqanda etsheni elibushelelezi noma iqabunga elibanzi lesitshalo, ngaphansi kokushisa okungu-25- 28 ° C hhayi ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Lo mbhangqwana uchitha isikhathi esiningi uhlanza indawo ekhethiwe yokunwabulula, futhi kunzima ukwenza lokhu.
Owesifazane udlulela kaningana ebusweni, ebeka amaqanda anamathela, kuthi owesilisa awafake ngokushesha. Imvamisa, isibalo singamaqanda angama-75-100, yize ngokwemvelo zibeka ngaphezulu.
Ngenkathi insikazi iphonsa amaqanda ayo ngamaphiko, amaduna aqapha i-clutch. Ubuye asize ekunakekeleni amaqanda amaqanda, kepha wenza umsebenzi omningi.
Kungakapheli amahora angama-60, amaqanda azodonsa. Bazali badlulisela izibungu kwenye, kwenye indawo ebanzi. Ezinsukwini ezingama-5-7, izibungu zizoshintsha zibe-gazinga bese zibhukuda.
Abazali bayobafihla kwezinye izindawo amanye amasonto ambalwa. I-Malek ithinta kakhulu ubumsulwa bamanzi, ngakho-ke udinga ukuyondla ngezingxenye ezincane bese ususa ukudla okusele.
Ukuqala okuphakelayo - isikhuphasha seqanda, microworm. Njengoba bekhula, badlulisela ku-Artemia nauplii.
UMnu Tail uyancoma: izisekelo zasemanzini
Ama-Chromis angenasizotha angahlala ethangini elijwayelekile okungenani lamalitha angama-80 nezinye izinhlobo ngokuthula. Inhlanzi ayonakalisi ulwelwe, omnivorous. Into esemqoka ukugcina ubumsulwa bamanzi nemingcele elandelayo:
Umswakama | ||
6-14 ° dH | 6.0-7.4 pH | + 23 ... + 26 ° С |
Kungcono ukufaka i-compressor ukuze udale ukugeleza okuncane kanye nesihlungi esithembekile, ngoba abahlaseli bavame ukungcolisa amanzi ngemikhiqizo yokubola. Ukuze ukugqama kombala kubonakale ngokuphelele, kudinga usizo olukhulu kanye nokungabikho kwe-ammonia.
Ngokwemvelo, izinhlanzi zithanda ama-sandbanks, kunconywa ukusebenzisa uhlobo olufanayo lomhlabathi ethangini. Izilwane ezifuywayo ziyojabulela ukusila kuwo. KwamaButterflies ama-Bolivian anamahloni enza izindawo eziningi zokukhosela: izinkuni zokudonsa, amabhodwe, izinqaba, noma yikuphi ukuhlobisa kufanelekile kwezinhlanzi ezinamahloni. Ukukhanyiswa kunconywa futhi ukuthi kuthuliswe; i-algae enamaqabunga amakhulu entantayo angasetshenziswa.
Izifo Nokuvimbela
Ama-apistograms aqashelwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo ezinobuhlungu, azwela kakhulu ushintsho ezimweni zasendaweni yokufakelwa, atheleleka kalula ezifweni ezithelelanayo nezihlaselayo.
Ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa kubangela ukukhuphuka kwamanzi, lapho izinhlanzi zigwilisa khona umoya, nokungasebenzi isikhathi eside kumnikazi, ukuvuvukala kungavela ngaphansi kwama-gill.
Izinguquko ezinamanzi e-aquarium eneButterflies zenza amavolumu amancane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinhlanzi ziyazwela i-chlorine, i-ammonia, usawoti we-sodium. Ukweqisa ukugxilwa kwalezi zinto endaweni yokugcina kuholela kumathumbu obuchopho nokufa.
Kufanelekile futhi ukunaka izifo zeparishi, ngokusola okuncane kokutheleleka, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
Enye yezinto eziyingozi kakhulu ezinhlanzini i-lymphocytosis, ayinakulapheka. Isidumbu simbozwe ngommese ongwevu onamabala amancane amnyama.
Uma amehlo wesilwane enwetshwe kakhulu futhi enamaqhubu, angatheleleka nge-dropsy noma isifo sofuba.
Ukuzindla kuphazamisa uhlelo lokugaya ukudla. Ukuzinza lesi simo, bagcina isilwanyana esidlweni esiqinile izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Umsoco
Ngokwemvelo, zondla ngokuhluza isihlabathi ngemilomo yazo zifuna izinto ezihlukahlukene. E-aquarium yasekhaya, isihlabathi siyisihluthulelo senqubo yokondla. Okuphakelayo kokupholisa okwomile ngokufakwa ngamakhambi, njengama-flakes, granules. Uma kungenzeka, i-artemia eqandisiwe, isiphazi, izingcezu zama-gerworms ziyakhonzwa. Izinhlayiya zokudla akufanele zibe zinkulu, izinhlanzi azikwazi ukuluma, kepha ziginya yonke into.
Ubukhulu obulungile be-aquarium yeqembu lezinhlanzi ezingama-6-8 buqala kusuka kumalitha angama-200. Basebenzisa i-sandy substrate (kudingekile!), Imicibisholo eminingana nezitshalo zasemanzini ezisezindaweni ukugcina izindawo zamahhala ezansi. Ukukhanya kukhanya. Ngokubheka ubuhle bokudla kwezinhlanzi kanye nokukhanya okukhanyayo, izinhlobo ezingathandeki zokuthanda umthunzi noma ama-analogues wokufakelwa kufanele zikhethwe. Amatshe amabili amatshe ayizicaba amakhulu angasebenza njengesiza esivulekile esikhathini esizayo.
Hhayi njengokufuna ikhwalithi yamanzi njengezinye izihlobo, futhi ungathethelela amaphutha ambalwa angabucayi we-aquarist noma ukukhohlwa maqondana nokugcinwa kwe-aquarium. Uvemvane lwaseBolivia lithanda amanzi athambile, acwebile. Ukulondolozwa kwesikhathi eside okuphumelelayo kuncike ekusebenzeni kohlelo lokuhlunga kanye nokuvama kwezinqubo zokuhlanza, kufaka phakathi: ukufakwa kwamasonto onke kwengxenye yamanzi (i-10-15% yevolumu) ngamanzi amasha nokususwa kokungcola okuphathelene nezinto eziphilayo (izinsalela zokuphakela, ukuthulisa).
UKUFANELEKA KOKU-AQUARIUM
Ilungele kahle ukugcinwa endaweni ehlala emanzini ejwayelekile, kokubili namanye ama-cichlidi amancanyana kanye nezinhlanzi ezinokuthula ezinhlobonhlobo. Banolaka oluncane kunama-ramirezi apistograms, kepha asenokuthula impela. Kepha ungakhohlwa ukuthi, yize incane, kepha icichlid. Uyodlalela ku-fry, inhlanzi encane kakhulu futhi i-shrimp, ngoba isiqu sakhe sinamandla. Kungcono ukukhetha izinhlanzi ezinobukhulu obulinganayo, ama-gourami ahlukahlukene, ama-viviparous, ama-barbs.
Kungcono ukugcina umbhangqwana noma uwedwa, uma kukhona abesilisa ababili e-aquarium, khona-ke udinga indawo yokuhlala eningi nendawo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, bazohlela izinto. Inqubo yokubhanqa iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ayihlelekanga. Njengomthetho, izinhlanzi eziningi ezincane zithengwa ekuqaleni, ezigcina zizakhe ngazimbili. Izinhlanzi ezisele ziyalahlwa.
Ukubukeka
Umzimba mude, ubunjwe ngeqanda, unekhanda elikhulu, kukhona amafulethi, amehlo makhulu ngomngcele omnyama. Imicu emile, ecishe imnyama idlula iso. I-apistogram endala nevuthiwe ye-altispinosis inemivimbo ebomvu emincane emaphethelweni wamafutha angakakhokhelwa. Umbala womzimba uphuzi, ucishe waba mnyama, ucwazimula ezinsaneni, ucezwana ohlangothini, nengxenye emnyama yomugqa ngamunye. Izinsikazi ze-altispinose zikhulu kakhulu kunensikazi, zinendawo emnyama enemivimbo emile mpo ye-grey tint emzimbeni, kuyilapho kowesimame lokhu kuthathelwa indawo yizindawo ezimbili ezimnyama. Abesilisa nabo banombala ogqamile kakhulu. I-Bolivian apistogram (empeleni evela eBolivia) ilula kancane, iyisihlobo esithe xaxa ukusuka ezitolo zaseBrazil.
Okuncane mayelana nokuzalwa kwabantu kwezinhlobo
I-Pair yokuzalaniswa yakhiwa ngesicelo sezinhlanzi ngokwazo. Ngokusekelwe kunoma yiziphi izimo noma izimfanelo zomuntu ngamunye ezidala umbhangqwana oshadile, akekho owaziyo. Okungenani izimvemvane zaseBolivia zingayivezi le mfihlo.
Ukuzala kabusha kungenzeka e-aquarium ejwayelekile, kepha kulokhu, amaqanda no-Fry kuzobhujiswa noma kungaba ngomakhelwane abanamandla, noma ngama-cichlid uqobo. Kungakho sidinga indawo enamaphawundi elihlomile ngamapharamitha we-aquarium eyinhloko. Ukusakazeka kwenzeka ngaphansi kwezimo zokukhanya ezimnyama eqabunga elikhulu lesitshalo samanzi, etsheni eliyisicaba noma ngokuqondile emhlabathini, inani elijwayelekile lamaqanda ukusuka ku-70 kuye ku-100.
Bazali gada i-clutch kuze kube yilapho kufriza okuncane kubo. Ngokushesha emva kwalokhu, kungcono ukuthi abakhiqizi baphinde bafudukele emuva e-aquarium enkulu futhi baqale ukuqala ukondla abancane nge-isikhupha seqanda noma ngama-microworms.
Ochwepheshe bathi ukugcina umhlambi omncane wezimvemvane zaseBolivia akunzima nhlobo, futhi imizwa enhle iyaqinisekiswa lapho uxhumana nabo. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungabathandi, futhi kulokhu bazophindisela.
Habitat
ENingizimu Melika - lolu hlobo luhlala ezindaweni ezinhle impela, ezihlanganisa ingxenye esenyakatho-nasempumalanga yeBolivia, kanye nengxenye yesifundazwe saseBrazil iMato Grosso, ngenkathi kubhekwa njengendawo ekude neRio Madeira eBolivia naseBrazil.
Amarekhodi akhona eRio Mamor naseRio Guapor eBolivia naseBrazil, kanye nasegodini eliphakeme laseRio Orton (izinkantolo zeTahuamanu neManuripi).
Kuhlala izikhotho, abadala, amanzi asemuva namachibi ane-sandwich noma yobumba. Ihlala ezindaweni ezingashoni. Ilungiselela izindawo ezinesifo esibuthakathaka samanje, izitshalo ezinothile kanye neningi lesiga
I-Upper Madeira inezinhlobonhlobo ezihlaba umxhwele: namuhla kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-400 zezinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile ezibhalisiwe.
Ukwehluka kobulili
Umuntu angahlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane emgqonyeni uvemvane waseBolivia lapho esemdala. Abesilisa bakhalipha kakhulu kunabesifazane, banamaphini akhombe ngaphezulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, likhulu kakhulu kunabesifazane. Ngokungafani ne-ramirezi, i-altispinose yowesifazane ayinayo indawo ebomvana esiswini.
Ukubhebhetheka: I-South America. Imifula yesigodi saseAmazon (iGuapor, iMamor) igeleza eBrazil naseBolivia.
Incazelo: Kufika kuma-8 cm ubude, akhule ku-aquarium kunezimvemvane ze-ramirezi. Ithoni yombala ejwayelekile yomzimba onsundu. Indawo yesisu nezinhlangothi ngokushesha ngemuva kwama-gill nge-tint ebomvu ngokunsundu. Ulayini omnyama udlula esweni. Kukhona amabala amnyama acacile ohlangothini lomzimba kanye naphansi kwephasi le-dorsal. Amaphiko abomvu, aphuzi ngokubomvu, anomphetho obomvu okhanyayo. Imisebe eyayi-Dorsal Fin kanye nemisebe eyeqisayo ye-caudal fin, ikhombe. Imisebe yangaphandle ye-dorsal fin imnyama. Izinhlanzi zinekhanda elikhulu namehlo amakhulu. Ukondla / Uhlobo lokudla: Bangathatha noma yiluphi uhlobo lokudla okubandayo, okuphilayo nokuomile. Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okuhlukahlukene.
Amapharamitha wamanzi:
- Izinga lokushisa 24-29 C
- I-Acidity (pH) 6.0 -7.6
- Ubulukhuni (dH) 5-20
Usayizi omncane we-aquarium: Ukuze uthole izigqila, i-aquarium yamalitha angama-60 noma ngaphezulu iyadingeka. Eqenjini lezinhlanzi, umthamo usuka kumalitha ayi-100, mhlawumbe unendawo enkulu engezansi, inhlabathi enesihlabathi noma enhle amatshe, iziqu zezitshalo kanye ne-driftwood yemvelo. Kuyadingeka ukulawula amapharamitha wamanzi, ukufakwa okujwayelekile kwamavolumu amancane amanzi (ushintsho olukhulu luyaphikiswa). Kunconywa ukwanda izinhlanzi endaweni eyi-aquarium esungulwe nge-bio-esele esele.
I-Aquarium
Umthamo we-aquarium ukhethwa ngesilinganiso samalitha angama-20 ngenhlanzi ngayinye.
Amapulazi kufanele abe minyene futhi adale izindawo ezinomthunzi, ashiye indawo yokubhukuda. Izinhlanzi zidinga indawo yokukhosela eningi, lapho ungasebenzisa khona amatshe, i-driftwood, emihumeni yokufakelwa eyakhiwe nama-grottoes.
Isihlabathi noma amatshe agqunywe izingxenyana ezincane afanele njengomhlabathi. Ukukhanyisa kunesilinganiso.
Isingeniso
NgesiLatini, igama laso lizwakala njengeMikrogeophagus altispinosus (inguqulo yangaphambilini yePaplilochromis altispinosa). Ungathola igama elingafanele lezinhlanzi - i-Bolistian apistogram.Kukhona futhi ongakhetha amagama wesayensi: i-Apistogram Bolivian butterfly (i-cichlid yaseNingizimu Melika emincane), i-butterfly chromis yaseBolivian papiliochromis, i-altispinosis apistogram.
Ukuchazwa kokuqala uvemvane waseBolivia kwenziwa ngo-1911.
Endle, le cichlid emfushane ihlala ezindaweni ezinkulu zaseBolivia naseBrazil. Izimvemvane zokuqala zaseBolivia zabanjwa emanzini amile echibini laseBolivia, yingakho ayebiza le nhlanzi. Uzizwa ekhululekile ezindaweni zokugcina ezihamba kancane ezinama-algae amaningi, imishayo namagatsha. Esimweni esinjalo, uvemvane luthanda ukucasha. Ihlala ikakhulu ezingqimbeni zamanzi ezingaphansi neziphakathi. Ngenjabulo igaya emhlabathini, ifuna izinambuzane.
Umzimba w uvemvane lwaseBolivia lufana neqanda elithambile kamuva. Izinhlanzi zinamehlo amakhulu futhi amahle, achazwe umucu omnyama. Umbala oyinhloko womzimba ophuzi, ikhanda nesifuba kungumbala onsomi. I-Fin emuva ingemuva futhi yinde, engxenyeni engaphambili kune-edging emnyama emincane, ngaphezulu kwaleyo edongeni ibomvu. Umngcele obomvu ubuye uhambisane nomphetho we-caudal fin. Kukhona umucu omnyama ekhanda, kukhona imigqa emincane mpo ye-tint grey.
Isikhathi sokuphila senhlanzi e-aquarium sehlukile futhi singashiyana ngeminyaka emi-4 kuye kwengama-5-7. Ngokusobala, lokhu kunqunywa kakhulu yizimo zokuboshwa.
Inhlabathi nokuhlobisa
Njengomhlabathi ose-aquarium onezimvemvane zaseBolivia, amatshe amatshe amancane noma isihlabathi somfula siyakuvikela, ungabeka amatshe amakhulu amakhulu.
Ngezansi kwe-aquarium, kulungiswa izindawo zokukhosela eziningi ezivela kumashaka, amagobolondo kakhukhunathi, izinqaba nezibaya. Yebo, sebenzisa lezo ezidinga ukulungiswa emhlabathini. Izitshalo zifakwa ukuze ezitshalwe kuzo zidilize indawo engezansi zibe yizindawo ezinendawo yokukhosela.
Ukukhanya kwe-Aquarium akufanele kube okugqamile, izinhlanzi zithanda ukukhanya okunqotshwe komhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi.
Ungayondla kanjani uvemvane laseBolivia?
Ama-apinstrogram ezinhlobo zezimvemvane zaseBolivia angamangali futhi azibekeli phansi ekudleni, njengabaningi bezakhamizi zase-aquarium. Kungokujabulisa okukhulu ukuthi bamunca ukudla okukhona noma okubandayo. Ukondla lezi zinhlanzi, kuhlanganiswa ingxube equkethe ama-daphnia noma ama-cyclops angama-45%, ama-35% coretre noma ama-bloodworms kanye ne-20% tubule. Ukufakwa kwe-krill kanye ne-cyclops ebunjiwe kuthuthukisa umbala wabo womzimba.
Unghlukanisa kanjani owesilisa nowesifazane?
I-dimorphism yezocansi yezimvemvane zaseBolivia kubantu abadala abavuthiwe ngokobulili ingalandelwa kahle. Umuntu angahlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane ngalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Izinsikazi zezinhlobo zalolu hlobo zinde kunezinsikazi.
- Izinduna zabesilisa ziba ngaphezulu futhi zinobume obukhomba. Kwabesifazane, lezi zibonakaliso aziphinyiswa kangako.
- Ngasohlangothini lomzimba wesilisa kukhona ibala elilodwa elinombala omnyama, futhi kwabesifazane - amabili.
- Umzimba wesilisa unemibala egqamile kunowesifazane.
- Imisebe yemifino emhlane weduna yinde futhi ibukhali.
Izici Zokuphindaphindeka
Ukufuya izimvemvane zaseBolivia, njenganoma iyiphi inhlanzi ekhulayo, kunezici eziningi.
Ama-apistilogs we-butterflies baseBolivia avuthwa ngokobudala eneminyaka eyi-9 kuya kwengu-12 ubudala. Ukuzalanisa, thatha i-jozi esefinyelele eminyakeni eyi-1.5, ngoba abakhiqizi abasebancane kakhulu bavame ukudla amaqanda abo. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, izinhlanzi zalezi zinhlobo zakha i-pair eqinile, ku-clutch lapho kuzoba khona amaqanda angafika kuma-200.
Ukuze uvuleke, kungcono ukutshala umhlambi wabantu abayisithupha kuya kwabayishumi. Kwenye inkampani enjalo, izimvemvane zaseBolivia ngokuzimela zakha i-pair, ephikelela noma isitshintshelwe kwenye i-aquarium.
Ukuqhekeka kwenzeka ngokwengeziwe uma izinga lokushisa le-aquarium lenyuswa laya kuma-27 degrees. Isisusa esengeziwe kuzoba ukungena kwansuku zonke kwengxenye encane yamanzi. Ukuqhuma kwe uvemvane laseBolivia kungenzeka e-aquarium ejwayelekile ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele.
Ukuphepha kokwenza ubumbane kanye nefry, abakhiqizi batshalwa esitsheni esihlukile somthamo omncane (kusuka kumalitha angama-60). Izindawo ezinwebayo zimbozwe inhlabathi emile kahle, kubekwa khona amatshe agwebile noma ishidi eliningi lomlobi lapho owesifazane ezobekela amaqanda khona. Amanzi asolwandle aluhlaza, akha ukuhlwa, atshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kokuqhuma, umbhangqwana ugeza itshe noma iqabunga bese uqala ukuzala. Ngalesi sikhathi, lo mbhangqwana ukhamba ngokulandelana. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-40 kuya kwengama-50 yokukhasa okunjalo, kuvela inqwaba yamaqanda anombala we-amber. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kobumbono, insikazi iyama ngaphezu kwakhe futhi ithela ngamaphiko, owesilisa ngalesi sikhathi uqapha insimu. Ngesikhathi sokudla, abalingani bashintsha izindawo.
Ukuze usindise izingane ezizayo ukuthi zingadliwa ngabazali bazo, amaqanda adluliselwa esihlathini ngaphambi kokuvela kwezilwane ezincane zokufakwa ngaphakathi. Kulesi incubator esingafani nomthamo wamalitha ayi-15- 20, zinikeza izinga lokushisa elinethezekile (ama-degree angama-20), isiteji esimaphakathi esingamanzi esine-oxygen sisebenzisa i-compressor kanye nokuhlanzwa kwamanzi ngesihlungi sesipanji. Ukhipha isibulala-magciwane esiphakathi, kunconywa ukufaka amaconsi ambalwa e-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Fry ivela ngosuku lwe-3 noma lwe-4. Kusukela kulokhu baqala ukubhukuda badle. Njengokudla okuqala, izinsana zinikezwa isikhupha seqanda noma ama-microworms omile.
Izifo ze-Apistogram of Butterfly waseBolivia
Izimvemvane zaseBolivia zingenye yezakhamuzi zasemanzini ezibuhlungu kakhulu.
Ama-apistograms ale nhlobo athatha kakhulu izinguquko ezimweni zokuboshwa.
Ngokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa lamanzi, inhlanzi iba buthaka futhi ikhuphukele ezingqimbeni zamanzi ezingenhla. Bavele bavunguze umoya, ukuvuvukala kungavela ngaphansi kwama-gill. Izilwane ezifuywayo zingasizwa uma, emicimbini yokuqala ephikisayo, izinga lokushisa lamanzi liphakanyiswa.
Ama-apistograms asabela ngokuqinile esikhundleni sokufaka umthamo wamanzi ogcwele noma ingxenye enkulu yawo. Lo mcimbi ungadala izifo eziningi. Izinhlanzi azikubekezeleli nakancane ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-chlorine, i-ammonia nosawoti we-sodium. Ukubuyiselwa okuphelele kwamanzi ku-aquarium kungavusa isimila sobuchopho enhlanzini.
Izinto eziphilayo ze-parasitic zingadala i-hexamitosis ne-ichthyofirius enhlanzi.
Izifo ezingalapheki zezimvemvane zaseBolivia zifaka phakathi i-lymphocytosis noma i-hypertrophy. Iziqu ezimpunga namabala amnyama avela emzimbeni wenhlanzi egulayo.
Ngesifo sofuba kanye ne-dropsy, iso elinamandla liyabonakala inhlanzi.
Ama-apistograms avame ukuba nenkinga yokudla ngokweqile, okubangela ukuvuvukala kohlelo lokugaya ukudla. Ezimweni eziningi, izinsuku ezimbalwa zokuzila, lapho izinhlanzi zingadliwa nhlobo, zisiza kule nkinga.
Ama-apistograms wezimvemvane zaseBolivia asabela kakhulu ezimweni ezahlukahlukene ezicindezelayo. Ikakhulu, lezi zinhlanzi azikwazi ukufakelwa ku-aquarium enamapharamitha amanye amanzi. Isidingo sokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha kanye nezimo ezingadala ukufa kwenhlanzi.
Uma lesi sifo sichazwa kahle, ungaqhubeka nokwelashwa. Endabeni yokuwohloka okujwayelekile kwesimo sezimvemvane zaseBolivia, udinga ukukhuphula izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ku-aquarium - lokhu kuvame ukusiza izinhlanzi ukuthi zilulame.
Amaqiniso Ahehayo
Ama-apinstogram alolu hlobo afuneka ezimweni zasemanzini. Kepha lesi sici singabhekwa njengethuba labo: ngokwesimo sabo, umuntu angahlulela ikhwalithi yamanzi.
Izimvemvane zaseBolivia yizidalwa ezihlakaniphile. Phakathi kwezakhamuzi ezimbalwa ze-aquarium, ziyakwazi ukubona umniniyo futhi zicele ukudla ezandleni zazo.
Ukuze ugcine ku-aquarium, qala ngokuthenga izinhlanzi ezimbalwa. Lama apistilikha akha ngazimbili ngokwawo, futhi aqede abantu abasele.
Isifo sezinhlanzi
Imbangela enkulu yezifo ilele ezimeni zokuboshwa, uma zidlula ebangeni elamukelekayo, khona-ke ngokungenakuvinjwa kunokucindezelwa kokugomela kanti inhlanzi iba sengcupheni yokutheleleka okuthelelekile okukhona nhlobo emvelweni. Uma kunokusola kokuqala ukuthi inhlanzi iyagula, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukubheka izinhlaka zamanzi kanye nobukhona bokugxila okuyingozi kwemikhiqizo yomjikelezo we-nitrogen. Ukubuyisela izimo ezijwayelekile / ezifanele kuvame ukuba nomthelela ekwelapheni. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, umuthi awukwazi ukusatshalaliswa. Ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngezimpawu nokwelashwa, bheka isigaba se-Aquarium Fish Diseases.