1. Ukuduma kwezulu okunomsindo kungokwama-oda abantu abadlula ngendlela.

Isidlaliso sathola igama laso ngenxa yomkhuba wokukhasa esihlahleni, njenge-Woodpecker.

2. Yebo, i-nuthatch futhi ifana kakhulu ne-Woodpecker encane, kepha iyaselula futhi inelukuluku lokwazi njengethamouse. EJalimane, igama layo lizwakala linjalo - i-Woodpecker. Ubungako bale nyoni abugcini ekuhambeni kwayo okusheshayo kanye nesiqu esibushelelezi ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, kodwa futhi nasekwazini lokulengiswa phezulu emagatsheni.

3. INuthatch isabalale yonke indawo. Lezi zinyoni zakha izindawo zokuhlala iningi leYurophu ne-Asiya - ukusuka emngceleni osentshonalanga wesifunda nehlathi lase-Esasia kuya eKamchatka, iziQhingi zaseKuril, eSakhalin. Zitholakala eMoriya esishisayo nasehlathini elibandayo le-Yakutia, ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Asia.

4. E-Russia, zivame ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinamagquma, ezinamahlathi axubile, endaweni enamahlathi, lapho kunamabhungane amaningi anamaxolo, izinkuni, amabhungane amaqabunga.

5. Umndeni we-nuthatch ubandakanya i-6 genera nezinhlobo ezingama-30. Zonke izinhlobo zihlanganiswa ngokufana kwendlela yokuphila, ukubukeka. Umehluko omkhulu umbala weplage, usayizi, indawo yokuhlala.

6. Ngemuva kwalezi zinyoni kungwephuzi-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umbala wesifuba nesisu sezilwane zasenyakatho kumhlophe, iCaucasian - ibomvu. Umsila uphawulwe ngemisipha emhlophe. I-nuthatch inomzimba ohlangene, umsila omfishane nemilenze enezinwele eziyishumi ezigobile. Ubukhulu bayo buxhomeke ezinhlotsheni, ubude - kuhlu lwamasentimitha ayi-10 - 19, isisindo - amagremu ayi-10-5.

7. Izinhlobo ezi-5 zo-nuthatch zihlala endaweni yamaRussian Federation: i-nuthatch ejwayelekile, i-nuthatch yaseSiberia, i-nuthatch ebomvu, i-stenolase ne-shaggy (enamakhanda amnyama) nuthatch.

Ukugibela okujwayelekile

8. I-nuthatch ejwayelekile isisabalele eRussia. I-Common Nuthatch - inyoni enothile, enomsila omfishane, ubukhulu bondlunkulu. Isisindo sifinyelela ku-25 amagremu, futhi ubude bomzimba ngamasentimitha ayi-14,5.

9. Inhla yomzimba wayo imvama kakhulu ingwevu noma iblue, isisu simhlophe, kubantu abahlala eCaucasus ibomvu. Ikhanda likhulu, intamo icishe ingabonakali. I-nuthatch ejwayelekile ibonwa "imaski" emnyama phambi kwamehlo abo. Ukusuka ngogologo olukhulu olubunjiweyo emuva kwekhanda lakhe, kudlula umugqa omnyama iso lakhe.

10. Abantu babiza le nyoni ngokuthi i-spinning top, umqeqeshi, i-creeper. Umqeqeshi wendiza undiza ngokushesha nangokuqondile ngezindiza ezimfishane, amabanga amade - ngamagagasi. Ngaphandle kokuma, inqoba ibanga elingabi ngaphezu kwekhilomitha elilodwa.

11.Ngenxa yokuthi i-nuthatch ayisebenzi ezingubeni zezingoma, izwi lakhe liyamnandi impela futhi likhulu. Kukhona ikhwela eliyisimilo elithi "tzi-it", ayeqanjwa ngalo igama lokuthi umqeqeshi, umgembuli, intilibathwa. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, kuzwakala ucingo, futhi ngesikhathi sokufuna ukudla imisindo ethi “Tew-Tew”, “Tweet-Tweet”.

12. Isikhunta esivamile sihlala ezindaweni ezinamaqabunga, ezinamaqabunga, ezixubile, ezindaweni zokupaka. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, izinambuzane zihamba phambili ekudleni komshayeli. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi esikhathini esidleke, sokuphiswa kwamachwane. Ukudla okunamaphrotheni kufaka phakathi: izibungu, izibungu, ama-arachnids amancane, izinambuzane (ama-weevils, amabhungane amaqabunga), izimpukane, amabanga, izibungu, izintuthwane, izimbungulu.

INANI LAMABHODI

13. U-nuthatch waseSiberia uhlala e-Urals, kuyindlela encanyana yezinsikazi, ehlukaniswa ngamashiya amhlophe, ebunzini.

14. Kaningi, i-nuthatch ikhiqiza izinambuzane, zigijimisana neziqu, amagatsha ezihlahla. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi yehlela emhlabathini, ifune ukudla otshanini nasezinhlangeni zehlathi. Ekwindla, izinyoni zithanda ukujabulela amajikijolo ama-bird cherry, i-hawthorn, okhalweni lwe-rose.

15. Ukudla okuyisitshalo okuyinhloko kuqukethe imbewu ye-coniferous, i-beech kanye namantongomane angenalutho, ama-acorns, ibhali kanye nama-oats.

Ukukhamba kwe-Gingerbread

16. I-nuthatch ebomvu-ibele - lezi yizinyoni ezincane kunondlunkulu - amasentimitha ayi-12,5, zihlukaniswa yiplamu ebomvu ekhanyayo yesifuba, intamo emhlophe kanye ne cap emnyama ekhanda, ehlukaniswe "imaski" ngamehlo amhlophe qwa. Insikazi ayikhanyi kakhulu futhi iyabonakala.

17. Inani lamaphisi esifubeni libomvu lisakazeke entshonalanga yeCaucasus emahlathini fir naseaphayini. Le nyoni iphila impilo yokuhlala phansi, ebusika yehlela ogwini lolwandle Olumnyama.

18. Izidleke zesidleke emgodini, kepha ngokungafani ne-woodpeckers, azikwazi ukuzifaka izimbobo ngokwazo, ngakho-ke zisebenzisa izidleke ezindala ze-Woodpecker noma zingene emigodini yemvelo yemithi. Ukuvuleka okukhulu kakhulu inyoni imboza ubumba, ngesinye isikhathi ixubanise nomquba, ishiye umgwaqo omncane (vumela) ngamasentimitha ama-3-4.

19. Indawo yamagxolo azungeze imbobo nayo imbozwe ngengxube yobumba. Ngaphakathi kwenyoni eyindilinga ihlanganisa ungqimba lwamagxolo acishe abe mancane, awashiyi kangako. Udoti wenziwa ungqimba obukhulu ukuze amaqanda abekwe kuwo angcwatshwe cishe.

20. Ngokwalokho okutholwe ama-ornithologists, i-nuthatch inomqondo omuhle wephunga; akasoze ayithanda i-nati engenalutho. Ngobuciko ubhoboza ikhasi elinzima ngomlomo ocijile, oqinile, ucindezela lo mbungu kumuntu ongaphezulu kwesiqu, ulibambe ngonyawo, noma ulibeka edwaleni.

DALULA STENOLAZ

21. I-crewide creeper ihlala eCaucasus endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezintathu ngaphezu kolwandle. Ubude bomzimba wakhe bufika kumasentimitha ayi-17. Umbala - grey okhanyayo ngokushintshwa kumathoni amnyama, kunezigaba ezibomvu zamaphiko eziqokonyiswe ngokumelene nesizinda esejwayelekile.

22. Ngokubuka endaweni emaweni eqinile, i-stenolaz yenza ukuqhuma okuncane, ngenkathi ivula amaphiko ayo ngombala ongajwayelekile. Izinzwa emadwaleni amadwala eduze nemifudlana noma izimpophoma.

23. INuthatch ayindiza ebusika iye kwamanye amazwe, ngakho-ke, ukulungiselela isikhathi sasebusika kuqala isikhathi eside ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala.

24. Ukusuka ekwindla kuze kube nguZibandlela, abakhiqizi bendlu bakha amabhukumaka wokudla ngokubeka amantongomane nembewu emifantu emagxolweni noma emgodini ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ukuze amasheya angashabalali konke ngasikhathi sinye.

25. UNuthatch ulonda ngokucophelela amasheya abo, abathandi abantu abangabazi futhi bavikela insimu. Isisindo sezinsimbi zingafinyelela kumakhilogremu ayi-1.5. Futhi lokhu kusendaweni eyodwa kuphela. Futhi izinyoni zinazo eziningi.

INDAWO YOKUKHANYA OKANYE YOKUQHAWULA KAKHULU

26. I-shaggy (enamakhanda amnyama) i-nuthatch incane, ngamasentimitha ayi-11.5 kuphela ubude. Uma kuyi-nuthatch ejwayelekile yaseCaucasian, wonke umzimba ophansi ubomvu, khona-ke ebunzini elimnyama kukhona ibala kuphela esifubeni.

27. Indawo yokusabalalisa - eningizimu yePrimorsky Krai. Lapho, lezi zinyoni zakha izindawo zokuhlala. Zihlala emahlathini aqobayo, anama-coniffort, emahlathini aphayini kanye nasehlathini elikhanyayo.

28. Bancamela ukuhambisa i-shaggy nuthatch hhayi eduze kwesiqu, kepha kanye nemiqhele, kufaka namagatsha amancane. Inani eliphezulu lamaqanda ku-clutch yizicucu ezi-6.

29. I-shaggy nuthatch ebusika ihlala eningizimu yePeninsula yaseKorea, lapho indiza isuka ePrimorye. Kepha lokhu kungcono ngaphandle komthetho. Uma izinyoni zingaphazamiseki, khona-ke iminyaka zinamathela esizeni sazo. Ngenxa yobuningi obuphansi, la magundane angama-nuthatch abhalwe ku-Red Book of the Russian Federation.

30. Inyoni encane enganakiwe ihlukile kumuntu omdala ngepayipi elimnyama, futhi insikazi kowesilisa incane. Abamele abobudala obuhlukile bezilwane ezihlukene banombala ohlukile ngaphezulu kwekhanda, ngaphansi nangamacala.

UKWAKHIWA KWE-Canada

31. ICanadian Nuthatch. Ukuhlangana kwezinhlobo zazo kunqunywa ngosayizi omncane womzimba (amasentimitha ayi-11.5), iplamu lempunga eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka engxenyeni engenhla, nombala obomvu wesisu nesifuba.

32. Lezi zinyoni zinomugqa omnyama obonakala udlula esweni, ibala elimnyama emqheleni. Ihlala ikakhulukazi e-coniface, ecebile ekudleni, amahlathi aseNyakatho Melika.

33. Izinyoni zakwaNuthatch ziyasebenza futhi azinakuphumula. Usuku lonke lapho bafuna ukudla, bayabubula ngeziqu zeziqu namagatsha ezihlahla, benza izindiza ezimfishane. Ngokudla izinambuzane, i-nuthatch yandisa impilo yezihlahla.

INDALO ENCANE

34. Rock rock Nuthatch encane ngosayizi nombala weplamu kufana nomqeqeshi. Ihlala enyakatho yakwa-Israyeli, eSyria, e-Iran, eningizimu nasentshonalanga yeTurkey, esiqhingini saseLesbos. Ihlala izidalwa ezinamanxiwa, emadwaleni, ngasogwini lolwandle iMedithera.

35. Izidleke ze-Rock nuthatch azifani. Bayisigaxa sobumba esinamathiselwe edwaleni esinemiphetho ebanzi.

INDLELA YENDLELA YENDLELA

36. Idwala elikhulu i-Nuthatch lifinyelela usayizi wamasentimitha ayi-16. Isisindo singaphezu kwesigraphani — amagremu ama-55. Umhlane ungwevu, isisu simhlophe ngothayela obomvu ezinhlangothini.

37. Indawo yokusatshalaliswa kwayo yiTranscaucasia, iCentral ne-Asia Ephakathi. Leli tshe Nuthatch lihlala nezidleke ezintabeni. Kufaka ikhwela elikhulu.

38. IJava, iSumatra neMalawi yakhethwa ngama-anza amahle, ama-azure nuthatch ahluke kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo. Emhlane bahlanganisa imibala ehlukahlukene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amapayipi amnyama amboza ingxenye engemuva yesisu, ingaphezulu lekhanda, indawo ezungeze amehlo. Umzimba wonke umhlophe. Kuqhamuke kubo umlomo ongajwayelekile onsomi.

39. Izinyoni azakhi izidalwa zemihlambi yezinhlobo zezilwane, kodwa zijoyine i-tits, zizulazule kanye nazo amabanga amafushane ukufuna ukudla.

Ukukhwela kweCorsican

40. Corsican nuthatch. Indawo okuyo ifana negama. Inomlomo omfishane ekhanda elincanyana lomzimba wamasentimitha ayi-12. Ingxenye engenhla ingamathani ajwayelekile ampunga namabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, phansi kungama-beige, umphimbo ucishe umhlophe. Umqhele wowesilisa umnyama, insikazi inombala onsundu. Izwi linciphile futhi ligxishwe kakhulu kunalesi sibongo esivamile.

41. Esikhathini sasebusika, ukunganakeki kutholakala kalula futhi emapaki kuvame ukuthatha ukudla ezandleni zabantu. Isikhathi sokuphila kwalezi zinyoni endle yiminyaka eyi-10-11.

Khanda Ingane

42. I-nuthatch yengane iyilungu elincanyana kakhulu lomndeni onkulisa, inesisindo kuphela ukusuka kumagremu ayi-9 kuye kwayi-11 ubude bomzimba wamasentimitha ayi-10. In phezulu phezulu onsundu, phansi emhlophe, ithumba elimhlophe phezulu.

43. Iphila nengane emahlathini ama-coniferous aseMexico, eColombia, entshonalanga neNyakatho Melika. Uhamba ngokunganqikazi emithini, uvame ukuchitha usuku emiqhele yezihlahla. Izwe likhale ngokudabukela kwemvelo kwezihlahla ezindala. Ukubekwa kwayo kuqukethe amaqanda afinyelela kwayi-9.

44. Ukudilika komhlaba okungavamile okusongelwa ngokuqothulwa yilokhu kukhuphuka komhlaba: I-Algeria, okuwukuphela kwayo yokuhlala kutholakala ezintabeni zezintaba zase-Algeria zase-Atlas. I-Giant, ifinyelela ku-19,5 amasentimitha ubude futhi inesisindo esingama-47 amagremu. Abamhlophe-abahlali, abahlala eMyanmar kuphela. I-Bahamian (enamakhanda ansundu), inani lazo lehle kakhulu ngemuva kwesiphepho sango-2016 eCaribbean.

45. Ukuthomba kulezi zinyoni kuphela ngasekupheleni konyaka wokuqala. Imibhangqwana yakhiwa kube kuphela. Ingoma yokuzalanisa yohlu lwezinsimbi isatshalaliswa ehlathini ngoFebhuwari, kanti ngasekupheleni kukaMashi izithandani lezi zifuna indawo yokwakha isidleke.

46. ​​Izimbobo ezilahliwe ze-Woodpecker noma izimbobo ezivela kumagatsha abolile kufanelekile. Into esemqoka ukuthi asendaweni ephakeme ngamamitha amathathu kuya kwayi-10. Izingxenye ze-letok nezingomakhelwane ze-cortex zimbozwe ngodaka oswakanyiswe ngamathe. Ngalesi sisekelo, kunqunywa ukuthi i-nuthatch ixazululwe lapha.

47. “Uphahla” olungaphakathi esidlekeni nalo lubizwa ngokuthi “ipulasitiki”, futhi ingxenye engezansi ifakwe ulwelwesi olunothuli lwamagxolo, amaqabunga omile. Ukuhlelwa kuthatha amasonto amabili.

48. Into emangalisa kakhulu ukuthi isikhala esizungeze i-taphole sihlotshiswe ngezimpaphe ezikhanyayo, amagobolondo ezithelo, kanye nezindwangu. Lo mhlobiso ubonakalisa ezinye izinyoni ukuthi le ndawo ihlala kuyo. Izindonga zangaphakathi zesidadi esinomphunga ziqediwe nge-chitin (amaphiko ama-dragonflies, amafulethi wamaphiko wamabhungane).

49. Ngo-Ephreli, insikazi ibekela amaqanda amhlophe ama-6-9 amhlophe ngezinsundu ezinsundu, ibopha amasonto 2-2,5. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa unakekela intombi yakhe ngenkuthalo, ayinike ukudla ngesikhathi sasemini.

50. Lapho amaphuphu evela, bobabili abazali bagxile ekudleni kwabo. Izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-300 ngosuku ziletha amacimbi enzalo ehlala ilambile. Amachwane aqala ukundiza ngemuva kwamaviki amathathu kuya kwayi-4, kepha owesilisa nowesifazane bayaqhubeka nokuzenzela amanye amasonto amabili. Ngemuva kwalokhu, ukukhula okuncane kuqala ukuzondla ngokwako.