I-Dimorphodon - i-pterosaur kuzo zonke izindlela ayijwayelekile. Izidumbu zakhe zokuqala zatholakala eNgilandi nguMary Enning, owayesaziwa njengethakazeli le-paleontology, ngo-1828. Babenesifiso sikaWilliam Buckland, owachaza lesi silwane ngo-1829, kodwa wamfaka njenge-pterodactyls. Ngemuva kwalokho ososayensi banquma ukuthi i-dimorphodon yiyona endala kunayo yonke ye-pterosaurs, eyabhekwa njengehle kuze kube ngekhulu le-XX.
Ngo-1858, kutholakala amanye amathambo amabili e-dimorphodon kaRichard Owen, owanikeza ibhungane igama lakhe lanamuhla. Wathola igama lakhe ngenxa yokungafani phakathi kwamazinyo angaphambili nangasemuva - "i-dimorphodon" isho "izinhlobo ezimbili zamazinyo."
I-Dimorphodon yi-pterosaur engaba imitha ubude (enomsila), enamaphiko angaba ngu-1.5 m, umzimba omncane nesigaxa esingajwayelekile. Ikhanda elikhulu le-dimorphodon lifana nekhanda lenyoni yanamuhla yokuphela efile: ibukeka ingumlomo owodwa omkhulu ocwebezelwe omkhulu ngobukhulu bomzimba ngosayizi. Kodwa-ke, igebhezi alilona likhulu njengoba kubonakala, njengoba lakhiwa ngamathambo amancane ahlanganiswe ngendlela evulekile.
Ama-dimorphodons mhlawumbe adla izinhlanzi kanye nezilwane ezincane zasemhlabeni, yize ososayensi besaphikisana ngalolu daba. Ukwakheka okungaka kako kgebayi kubangela ingxoxo eyengeziwe - mhlawumbe lokhu bekungumhlobiso olula ukuheha abantu bobulili obuhlukile.
UDimorphodon wayevele endiza kahle, kepha wacishe wakhohlwa ukuhamba. Emhlabathini, i-pterosaur yaphenduka isilwane esixakile, sihamba ngezinyawo ezine. Okusho ukuthi, i-dimorphodon yagoqa amaphiko ayo, yaphakamisa umunwe omude, yahamba, yancika emhlane wayo nangaphambili.
I-Dimorphodon yaziwa ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-180, kepha isanikeza imfihlakalo enkulu. Indlela yakhe yokuphila namanje akwaziwa, ukondleka, i-physiology kanye ne-anatomy kuphakamisa imibuzo, ngakho-ke umuntu angathemba nje ukuthi ukutholwa kwesikhathi esizayo kuzosiza ukuvula izimfihlo zale pterosaur yasendulo.
Ukubukeka kwe-dimorphodon
Ukusuka esihlokweni sogongolo kuya esiqongweni somsila, ubude be-dimorphodon babungaba amamitha ayi-1.5. Kepha amaphiko ayengadlula amamitha amabili.
Isidumbu sale nyoni-saur sasimfishane futhi sangqongqozwa phansi, kepha ngekhanda, lalilikhulu impela - lifinyelela ku-30 cm ubude - okungajwayelekile ngabamele lo mndeni. Ngasikhathi sinye, wayebukeka kabi, kepha imihlathi ebibukeka njengomlomo ibinamazinyo amaningi amancane. Kuphela amazinyo angaphambili ayemakhulu, futhi ayephumela ngaphandle.
Izinsalela ezikhethiwe ze-dimorphodon
Ngaphandle kobukhulu obukhulu, ikhanda lalilula impela, ngakho-ke kwakukhona amasongo angenalutho kulo, ayengathi ahlukaniswa ukuhlukaniswa kwethambo okungafani nalokhu.
Imilenze yangemuva ye-dimorphodon yayakhelwe ukuhamba phansi futhi ifakwe izhlakala ezinamandla nezinde. Izindlawu ziphinde zagqokisa amaphiko alo msunguli wezinyoni wasendulo, okwamnika ithuba lokulengiswa ezihlahleni noma ukunamathela emadwaleni.
Umzimba uphele ngomsila omude futhi oqinile kakhulu, owawuqiniswa ngokufana nezinduku zamathambo ezikhulayo. Kungukubakhona kwalolu hlobo lomsila okwenze abacwaningi babheke ukuthi lolu hlobo lwenhlobo lwalungelokuqala.
I-Dimorphodon Skeleton eyakhiwe kabusha
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengabo bonke abamele ama-dinosaurs enkukhu, i-dimorphodon yayine-keel, efana nezinyoni zesimanje, ezathuthukisa kakhulu amakhono ayo we-aerodynamic. Ngokuqondene nezimpiko, zazihlelwe ngokujwayelekile abamele lo mndeni - isibaya sesikhumba eseluliwe phakathi kwezinhlangothi zezilwane ezihuquzelayo kanye nomunwe wesine emabunzini angaphambili.
Indlela Yokuphila Ye-Dimorphodon
Abaphenyi abakakafinyeleli esivumelwaneni sendlela yokuphila kwe-dimorphodon. Ngokunokwenzeka, babengabazingeli futhi isisekelo sokudla kwabo kungaba izinambuzane, izinhlanzi nezinambuzane ezincane. Futhi, kungenzeka, ngazo zonke izindlela, ukudla emicimbini eyahlukahlukene yezihlahla zasendulo.
Izigidi zeminyaka edlule, izinyoni ezifanayo ezinamakhaza zindizela esibhakabhakeni.
Uqhwaku, olubukeka njengomlomo womlomo wesimanje, lungasebenza futhi njengohlobiso lokuheha abantu bobulili obuhlukile.
Ngokuqondene nendlela yokunyakaza, ngenxa yokuba khona kwemilenze namaphiko amane, i-dimorphodon ayikwazanga ukuhamba emoyeni kuphela, kodwa futhi yenyuka nezihlahla, inamathela kubo ngezinsimbi zayo ezibukhali futhi zigoqeka ukuhambisa phansi.
Amazinyo anjalo angaba ngecala lomhlaseli kuphela.
Ngeshwa, okwamanje le nhlobo ifundwe kancane, ngoba isayensi inezinsalela zesibonelo esisodwa. Kepha ososayensi baphakamisa ukuthi ezikhathini zasendulo wayengahlali eNgilandi kuphela, kodwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
I-Dimorphodon noma i- “Raptor enezinhlobo ezimbili zamazinyo”
UDimorphodon, owayephila cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-190 eyedlule, wayengomunye wabokuqala bokuqala ukubulala izingane.
Khumbula ukuthi ama-Pterosaurs (lat. Pterosauria - "ama-dinosaurs ezindizayo") - iqembu lezilwane ezihuqayo ezindizayo, isigcawu sabathengisi bezindiza. Wahlala eMesozoic. Izimpiko zazo zazingamaphiko esikhumba welulwe phakathi kwezinhlangothi zomzimba kanye nomunwe omude kakhulu wesine wangaphambili. I-sternum yayine-keel, efana nenyoni. Imilomo emide emihlathini moglin iphatha amazinyo.
Izigaba ezimbili: iRamforinhs - yayinamaphiko amancanyana nomsila omude, ama-pterodactyls ayenamaphiko abanzi nomsila omfushane kakhulu. Ukuqothulwa kwaleli qembu kuhambisane nokubonakala kwezinyoni.
Izimpiko ze-dimorphodon zafinyelela cishe kumamitha ayi-2, futhi zazinomsila omude. Ubude bomzimba wonke: kusukela esihlokweni senhloko kuye esihlangwini somsila kwakungamasentimitha ayi-120. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emzimbeni omfishane futhi omncane kwakuyikhanda elikhulu ngokungalindelekile - lalicishe libe ngu-30 cm ubude. Yize ikhanda le-dimorphodon lalilikhulu, futhi lalibukeka lilihle, futhi imihlathi yalo efana noqhwaku yayinamazinyo abukhali.
I-Dimorphodon, njengawo wonke ama-pterosaurs, yayinezinzipho emaphikweni ayo, kanye nezibuko ezinkulu ezinyaweni zayo ezingemuva.
Iqiniso lokuthi i-dimorphodon leqembu le-pterosaurs lakudala - kuma-ramforinch, kufakazelwa ukuba khona komsila omude ku-dimorphodon.
Njengamanje, yisihlobo esisodwa kuphela sohlobo lweDimorphodon esaziwayo, yi-D. macronix, izinsalela zazo ezatholakala eNgilandi futhi ezingokwesikhathi se-Lower Jurassic.
