Amagama: I-Fanoga, iMalagasy stripy civet.
Indawo: isiphetho mayelana. EMadagascar.
Incazelo: Izimbambo ze-civet emilengeni yeMalagasy zithambile kunobude futhi zinde, zivumelaniswa nokugijima okusheshayo. Izindlala ezinephunga zitholakala esihlathini nasentanjeni.
UFanoga ufana ne-hybrid phakathi kwekati nenja - inamehlo amakhulu nezindlebe ezinkulu eziyindilinga. Amazinyo abukhali. Emilenzeni kukhule ubuhlalu obugobekayo. Kukhona ulwelwesi phakathi kweminwe. Ijazi loboya likhulu, lifushane. Umsila yinde ngokwanele, i-fluffy.
Umbala: ubomvu-grey, imigqa emine yamabala amnyama ihamba emaceleni isuka ekhanda iye emsileni (kwabanye abantu lezi zindawo zihlangana zibe yimivimbo), kukhona amabala afanayo ambalwa emuva. Kukhona ibala elimhlophe ekhanda (eduze kwekhoneni elingaphandle kwendlebe).
Ingxenye engezansi yomzimba ilula - grey noma imhlophe. Emsileni kunezindandatho zombala omnyama onsundu.
Usayizi: ubude bomzimba obunenhloko engu-40-45 cm, ubude bomsila ama-21 cm.
Isisindo: abesilisa kuze kufike ku-2 kg, abesifazane - kuze kufike ku-1.5 kg.
Isikhathi sokuphila: ekudingisweni kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10-15.
Vota: ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwenyamazane, amaNgwane omdanso we-cagt waseMalagasy.
Habitat: kutholakala ezindaweni ezinomswakama ehlathini lemvula elisenyakatho nasempumalanga yesiqhingi.
Ihlala ezihlahleni.
Izitha: izinyoka ezincane ezizingela izinyoka, izinyoni kanye nezinye izinyamazane (ngokwesibonelo, izinja ezazilethwe esiqhingini ngabantu).
Ukudla: i-fanokela ingumhlaseli wezilwane ozingela inyamazane encane (izilwane ezincelisayo, ezihuquzelayo kanye nezilwane zasendle, izinyoni namaqanda abo), izinambuzane, izimbaza kanye nomhlonyane. Kwesinye isikhathi idla izithelo nezithelo.
Ukuziphatha: imichilo emichilo ihola indlela yokuphila yobusuku. Ama-Shelter ahlela emigodini yezihlahla noma emiseleni phakathi kwezimpande.
AmaFalalok adla phansi, ezihlahleni eziphansi nasezihlahleni.
Ngobusika (ngoJuni-Agasti), izilwane zigcina amanoni, afakwa ngobuningi endaweni yomsila.
Isakhiwo senhlalo: Ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalanisa, i-civet enemigqa ihola indlela yokuphila yodwa. Isigaba esisodwa sombhangqwana owodwa sithatha imayela elilodwa. Imingcele yensimu yezilwane iphawula imfihlo yokugcotshwa kwezitho zokuzala, yomlomo wesibeletho kanye ne-buccal.
Ukuzala: I-civet eyi-Malagasy enemichilo - ifomu elilodwa noma amabili ngesikhathi sokuzalela.
Isizini / inkathi yokuzalanisa: ama-akhawunti ka-Agasti-Septhemba. Amacuba azalwa kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuJanuwari.
Ukuthomba: eminyakeni engu-3-4.
Ukukhulelwa: Kuhlala izinyanga ezi-3.
Progeny: insikazi izala ithole elilodwa elinombono elinesisindo esingu-65-70 g. Umzimba wethole umbozwe ngoboya. Imbungulu ikhula kancane. I-lactation ihlala izinyanga ezingama-2-3. Ingane ishiya umama lapho egqiba unyaka.
Ukuhlomula / ukulimaza abantu: Abantu bendawo badla umhlanga ngeMalagasy civet yenyama.
Isimo sabantu / ukulondolozwa: indawo eseduze yohlu lwe-fanalock icishe ibe ngu-2000 km 2.
Izinhlobo zilotshwe encwadini ye-IUCN njengezinhlobo ezisongelayo kuCITES Convention (Isithasiselo II).
Isizathu esikhulu sokwehla kwenani le-civet yaseMalagasy enemigqa ukunciphisa ukunqotshwa kwendawo yokuhlala, ukuzingela nokuncintisana kokudla ne-Indian civet (I-Viverricula indica).
Isikweletu: Portal Zooclub
Lapho uphinda ubhala le ndatshana, ukuxhumana okusebenzayo kumthombo yi-MANDATORY, uma kungenjalo, ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sihloko kuzothathwa njengokuphula umthetho we "Law on copyright and rights Associates".
Ukubukeka
Ama-wyvern aseMadagascar ahlukahlukene kakhulu ngokomzimba, futhi ngokubuka kokuphilayo akukho zici zokuhlangana ezingathandeki ezihlukanisa phakathi kwezinye izinyamazane. Ubude bomzimba buqhamuka ku-25 cm ku-mungo kuya ku-70 cm ku-fossa, uhlobo olukhulu kunazo zonke. Isisindo sisukela ku-0.6 kuya ku-12 kg. Umzimba uthambile futhi umude, izitho zimfushane. Ijazi limpunga noma nsundu futhi, ngaphandle kwe-fossa ne-mungo encane-enamachashaza, linamabala noma imivimbo kuwo.
Inhloko yabahlaseli baseMadagascar, njengomthetho, inesizalo esidlule, kuphela i-fossa enesihlakala saso esifushane esifana nomugqa. Imihlathi esibonakala ngayo izilwane ezidla izitha zaseMadagascar, ngaphandle kwefossa, ayikhuliswanga kahle, futhi emgqonyeni omncane, ukwakheka kwamazinyo kufana kakhulu nezilwane ezingavikeleki.
Umsebenzi nokuziphatha komphakathi
Indlela yokuphila yabazingeli baseMadagascar ihluke kakhulu futhi ayikaze ifundwe ngokuphelele ezinhlotsheni eziningi. Izinhlobo ezincane, ezinjenge-mungo, zihola indlela yokuphila yesikhathi sasemini, ezinkudlwana zisebenza kakhulu ebusuku noma kusihlwa. Izihlahla ezifile eziyize, emigedeni nemifantu yamatshe, kanye nezakhiwo ezakhiwe zisebenza njengezindawo zokuphumula. Ukuziphatha komphakathi nakho kuhluke kakhulu: kanye nezinhlobo ezikhetha ukuhlala zodwa, kunezinhlobo ezihlala ngamaqembu amancane. Izinhlobo eziningi ziphila ngendlela yezwe futhi zimaka indawo yazo ngemfihlo egcinwe yizinduna ezikhethekile. Iningi lezidlamlilo zaseMadagascar ziyizilwane zomhlaba, kepha ezinye (ngokwesibonelo, fossa) zinhle kakhulu ekukhuphukeni kwezihlahla. I-mungo enomsila osindayo nayo iwumbhukudi omkhulu.
Umsoco
Ama-wyvern aseMadagascar ngokuyinhloko angama-carnivores, adla izinambuzane namanye ama-invertebrates, kanye nama-vertebrates ahlukahlukene, kuye ngosayizi wawo. Imango elinamazipho amahle libaluleke kakhulu ezinhlafunweni zomhlaba, kanti ezinye izinhlobo ezinjenge-mungo enomsindo kanye ne-fanaluca, nazo zidla izithelo ngezilinganiso ezincane.
Ukuzala
Akukho okuncane okwaziwayo ngokuzalwa kwezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezidla ezinye eMadagascar. Njengomthetho, kunezikhathi ezicacile zokukhwelana, ngokuvamile ebusika noma entwasahlobo. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa cishe izinyanga ezintathu, kanti inani lamawundlu kulitha lincane - elilodwa noma amabili. Fossi kuphela onamawundlu amane ngasikhathi sinye. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zichitha amasonto okuqala okuphila endaweni evikelekile, kanti ukulunyulwa kobisi kwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka emibili nezine. Cishe akukho datha ngokuphila kwabo isikhathi eside endle. Ekuthunjweni, ama-Foss kanye ne-ring-ta-mungos aphila iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili.
Izinsongo
Zonke izidlamlilo zaseMadagascar zithathwa njengezisengozini. Izizathu ngokuyinhloko ukubhujiswa okuqhubekayo kwendawo yazo yemvelo, kanye nomncintiswano nezinhlobo ezethulwa ngabantu, njengezinja ne-civet encane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo zabaphangi baseMadagascar, njengefossa, ziyazingelwa ngoba zibulala izinkukhu. Ezinhlotsheni eziyishumi zabaphangi baseMadagascar, i-IUCN inikeze isimo "esengozini" (abasengozini) ezinhlotsheni ezine, kanti eziyisithupha esele zibhekwa njengezisengozini ”(esengozini).
Ukuthuthukiswa kwemvelo
Ngenxa yokungafani kwe-morphology nendlela yokuphila, yomibili imindeni yezalukazi zaseMadagascar ngaphambili yachazwa okungenani emindenini emibili ehlukene: i-mungo (Galidiinae) kuthiwa yi-mongoose, ne-Malagasy civet (Euplerinae) kumaWyverns, ngenkathi i-Fossa ihlangana ne-taxonomic. Ngenxa yezici ezithile zesimo, kwesinye isikhathi bekuthiwa kufakwe emndenini wekati, yize imvamisa kakhulu bekukhona kwelinye lamaqembu amabili okuqala.
Ucwaningo lofuzo ngokuqhathaniswa kwe-DNA luveze umphumela ongalindelekile wokuthi izisulu zaseMadagascar zakha iqembu lesikhumbuzo, okungukuthi, zivela kukhokho ojwayelekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, baqala ukuhlukana baba umndeni ohlukile I-Eupleridae. Ubudlelwano be-phylogenetic ngaphakathi kwaleli tekisi abukakacaci kahle, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ama-mungoes yiqembu le-paraphyletic.
Izihlobo eziseduze kakhulu zabadla izisulu zaseMadagascar ama-mongooses. Izidlamlilo zaseMadagascar mhlawumbe zivela kukhokho onjenge-mongoose onqamule isiteshi saseMozambiki eLate Oligocene noma kwi-Early Miocene (kusuka eminyakeni engama-20 kuye kwengama-30 edlule). Ngakho-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amaqembu ezincelwane zaseMadagascar, angamatekisi amancane, okuthi, ngaphandle kwalokhu, abenakho ukubamba imicu yemvelo ehlukahlukene ngesikhathi esifushane.
I-Malagasy Striped Civet
I-Malagasy strive civet - Fossa fossana - okuwukuphela kommeleli wohlobo, ovame ukutholakala ezifundeni zamahlathi eMadagascar. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-fossa inomusa Fossa unegama elifanayo ne-fossa yohlobo Cryptoprocta - enye iMadagascar vivera, lezi zilwane ezimbili zihluke kakhulu kwesinye.
Ubude bomzimba kanye nekhanda leMalagasy strive civet buyi-400-450 mm, umsila 210-230 mm. Abesilisa banesisindo esifinyelela ku-2 kg, izinsikazi zifinyelela ku-1.5 kg. Umbala wejazi ubomvu-grey, ezinhlangothini kukhona imigqa emine yamabala amnyama, kanye nezindawo ezimbalwa ezifanayo ngemuva. Kwabanye abantu baseMalagasy strivet civet, la mabala ahlangana abe yimichilo. Emsileni wendandatho kukhona mnyama nokumnyama. Isisu nezinye izingxenye ezingezansi zomzimba zilula - ziphuzi noma zimhlophe, kukhona amabala - ezinye izilwane zinokuningi, ezinye zincane. Izinyawo zinciphile, zivumelaniswa nokugijima okusheshayo. Ku-civet emthende yaseMalagasy, izindlala ezinephunga azitholakali esifundeni, kepha nezihlakala nasentanyeni.
Le civet yaseMadagascar ihlala emahlathini ahlala eluhlaza futhi icasha ezihlahleni eziyize noma imisele ebekwe phakathi kwezimpande. Uphila impilo yobusuku, uhlala emhlabeni nasezihlahleni. Idla ama-mollusks, izibungu ezincane ze-vertebrate, kufaka phakathi amasele, ngezinye izikhathi izithelo. Fossa bahlala ngababili endaweni ethile. Amacuba azalwa phakathi kuka-Okthoba noJanuwari. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga ezi-3, insikazi ibeletha iwundlu elilodwa, lapho izalwa inesisindo esingu-65-70 g.Yondla yona ngobisi izinyanga ezimbili, kuthi lapho inonyaka owodwa ubudala ifinyelele isisindo sesilwane esidala. UFossa owaziwayo, owayephila ngaphansi kwezimo zeminyaka eyi-11.
IMadagascar civet ifakwe kuhlu ku-IUCN nakuSithasiselo 2 seCITES. Ukuncishiswa kwendawo yokuhlala kwe-fossa, futhi ukuzingela kwehlise inani labo laba sibucayi esifundeni esisempumalanga nasenyakatho nentshonalanga yamahlathi emvula aseMadagascar.
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-malagian strive civet
I-civet yaseMalagasy enemigqa inomzimba omkhulu, omude ngokulinganayo nomsila we-cylindrical, ocishe ube yingxenye yobude bomzimba.
Ubude bomzimba weMalagian strive civet bufika ku-40-45 cm, ubude bomsila buyi-21-25 cm.Izinsikazi zinesisindo esingama-2 kg, izinsikazi zifinyelela ku-1.5 kg.
Izilwane zinomucu omude omude, izipikili ezisesandleni esincane zincane. Amazinyo wohlobo lokusika, ahlukaniswe kancane. Izilwane ezihlukumezayo zithuthukiswe kahle, kepha ama-fangs akakhiwa kahle. Uboya bufushane, obukhulu, obomvana, bunamabala amnyama ansundu ezinhlangothini; bakha imicu emide ebuyayo ngemuva. Kukhona indawo emhlophe ebonakalayo ekhanda eduze nekona elingaphandle kwendlebe. Isisu simhlophe ngokumpunga noma mhlophe. Izinwele emsileni zinde ngamabala amnyama ansundu enza amasongo amade. Izindlala ze-anal azikho.
I-Malagasy strive civet (Fossa fossana).
Izimbambo zekhebula elingweqa laseMalagasy mncane impela futhi lide, livumelaniswa nokugijima okusheshayo. Izindlala ezinephunga zitholakala esihlathini nasentanjeni.
Isilwane sinamehlo amakhulu nezindlebe ezinkulu eziyindilinga. Ezindebeni ezithambekayo ezingaguquki. Kukhona ulwelwesi phakathi kweminwe.
Izindawo zokuhlala zaseMalagasy ezimthende
I-cagreyt enemigqa yaseMalagasy igcwele eMadagascar, ehlala ezifundeni ezisempumalanga nasenyakatho yalesi siqhingi. Le nyoni ihlala emahlathini aswakeme atholakala ngasemifudlaneni nasezindaweni ezomile. Ihlala ngaphansi kwamahlathi emvula aminyene, kufaka phakathi amahlathi asogwini, asakazeka afinyelela kumamitha ayi-1600 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, kepha kuyaqabukela kakhulu ukufinyelela ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1000. Gwema amahlathi wesibili.
Izinwele emsileni we-civet zinde kunasemzimbeni, zinamabala amnyama ansundu ahlanganisiwe ngendlela yezindandatho eziguqukayo.
Imizila yempilo yekhebula
I-civet yaseMalagasy enemigqa ihola kuphela indlela yokuphila esekwe ezweni, enomsebenzi omkhulu owenzeka ebusuku. Esikhathini sasemini, amahora okukhanya kwemini, umhlaseli ucasha phakathi kwamadwala, ezindaweni eziyize, emiseleni phakathi kwezimpande. UFanoga udla emhlabathini, ezihlahleni eziphansi nangamakhasi. Ngobusika, ama-civet amaMalagasy anemigqa abeka iphunga elikhulu lamafutha angaphansi, agcinwa eningi endaweni yomsila. Ngenxa yalesi sici, izilwane zingahlala ngaphandle kokudla isikhathi eside, futhi zingalinda isikhathi esibi sokuzingela.
Ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuzalela, i-civet enemigqa iphila impilo yodwa. Umbhangqwana ngamunye unesakhiwo wawo ngamunye, ohlanganisa indawo efinyelela kumamayela ayi-skwele. Imingcele yezilwane zensimu ifaka imfihlo yezindlala ezinephunga elimnandi, iveza izinto ezinamakha ezinamakha izilwane ezilumaka nalokhu noma leyo nto. Ama-fanalocks ayizilwane ezinhle ethule. Akuvamile ukuba banikeze izwi futhi amasiginali abo wezwi awahlukanga kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwenyamazane, ama-Malagasy str strt covet growls.
UFanoga usebenzisa amasignali wephunga kaningi, ngokwesibonelo, ukumaka indawo.
Izizathu zokwehla kwenombolo ye-Malagasy civet
Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, amaMalagasy strivet ayehlala emahlathini amaningi aseMadagascar, kodwa manje atholakala kuphela ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nasempumalanga. Indawo yokuhlala yezilwane ezingandile cishe ingama-2000 km2. Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, inani lalezi zilwane ngokwemvelo lehle ngo-20-25%.
Ochwepheshe babheka isizathu esiyinhloko sokwehla okubukhali kwenani labo njengokucekelwa phansi kwamahlathi emvelo, ayinhloko, ngenxa yale nqubo engalawulwa, i-civet imane ilahlekelwe yindawo yazo yemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzingela njalo nokucatshangelwa kwamakati angenayo amnyama, izinja kanye ne-civet encane yaseNdiya, encintisana ne-civet yaseMalagasy enemigqa, iba nomthelela ongemuhle kwisimo sezinhlobo. Izilwane ezincane zizingelwa izinyoka, izinyoni. Inyama ye-Malagasy civet enemichilo edliwayo idliwa ngabantu bendawo. Lezi zilwane nazo zidutshulwa ngenxa yesikhumba esihle nokwelapha okwenziwe nge-civet, okusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha nakwezimboni zamakha.
I-civet enemigqa yaseMalagasy idutshulwa ngenxa yoboya kanye nezinto zokupholisa i-civet.
Isimo sokulondolozwa kwe-Malagasy civet
I-civet yaseMalagasy striped ifakwe kuhlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN njengohlobo olungasongelwa ngokuqothulwa kungekudala. Isilwane esingajwayelekile sivikelwe yiCITES Convention (Isithasiselo II). IMadagascar civet isohlwini lwe-IUCN.
I-civet yaseMalagasy enemicu ivikelekile kumapaki kazwelonke amaningana: IMontan d'Ambre, Andohakhela, Marageji, Masoala, Zakhamena, Ranomafana, kanye nase-Ankaran reservation. Ekuthunjweni, uhlala iminyaka eyi-10-15.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
Ukuhlukaniswa
UFanaluca uzobekwa phezu kwe-Hemigalinae subfamily subtamily strart palm martens, bese kuba ngaphansi kwayo, iFossinae, ngenxa yokufana nabanye eqenjini, kubonise uGregory, kepha manje sekuhlukaniswa njengelungu le-Euplerinae subfamily, ngemuva kokuba uPocock eveze okufanayo ngalokho.
Ukuchazwa ngokomzimba
IFanaluca isilwane esincanyana esinezilwane ezinkulukazi, cishe amasentimitha angama-47 (amasentimitha ayi-19) ngaphandle komsila (okungamasentimitha angama-20 kuphela (amasentimitha angama-7.9). Abesilisa banesisindo esifinyelela ku-1.9 kg (amakhilogremu angu-4,2), kanti izinsikazi zingaba nesisindo esingama-1.75 kg (3.9 amakhilogremu). I-carnivore yesibili ngobukhulu eMadagascar ngemuva kwefossa. Ikhanda lakhe limayelana. Libukeka futhi ligudle impungushe encane. lokhu kungahle kudidaniswe nokubulawa komuntu omncane waseNdiya ( I-Viverricula indica ) Inejazi elifushane ngombala onsundu-beige noma onsundu, elinemikhonto emnyama emnyama eqondile eqala ukusuka ekhanda iye emsileni, lapho imivimbo ibheka khona, ukugoqa umsila kuba mnyama kakhulu. Imivimbo iphenduka ibe amabala eduze kwesisu. Imilenze yakhe imfushane futhi mncane kakhulu.
Ukuziphatha
IFanaluca ihola indlela yokuphila yasebusuku, yize imithombo ivumelana ngokuthi iyodwa, noma ayijwayelekile phakathi kwama-euplerids, ehlala ngababili. Lokhu akuyona into enhle yokugibela futhi izigodi zivame ukuvakasha.Idla kuma-vertebrates amancane (izilwane ezincelisayo, izilwane ezihuquzelayo kanye nama-amphibians), izinambuzane, izilwane zasemanzini kanye namaqanda antshontshiwe ezidlekeni zezinyoni. Inamahloni futhi inamahloni. Imisindo yabo ifana nokukhala nokububula, kanye nomsindo ofana nawo I-Coc-Coq . Imibhangqwana yamadoda nabesifazane ivikela indawo enkulu (cishe amahektha angama-50 (amahektare ayi-120) njengensimu yabo. Ebusika, angagcina amafutha emsileni, angenza ama-25% esisindo sawo. Isikhathi sokukhwelana kwe-civet kaMalagasy singu-Agasti kuya kuSepthemba futhi isikhathi sokukhulelwa cishe izinyanga ezintathu, siphela ngokuzalwa komncane. Intsha ikhule kahle impela, inesisindo esingama-gramu angama-65 kuye kwangama-70 (ama-awudi angama-2 kuye kwayi-2,5), futhi ixoshwe izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, ishiya abazali bayo isikhathi esingangonyaka. IFanaluca inesikhathi sokuphila esiphakathi kweminyaka engama-21 ekudingisweni.
Ukusatshalaliswa kanye nendawo yokuhlala
IFanaluca itholakala emathafeni nasezindaweni ezishisayo ezifundeni ezisempumalanga nezisenyakatho neMadagascar, futhi ingatholakala emahlathini anomswakama futhi akude e-Amber Mountain National Park, futhi uye enyakatho, emahlathini anomswakama omncane we-Ankarana Nature Reserve. Ingatholakala kusuka ezingeni lolwandle iye kumamitha ayi-1,600 (amamitha angama-5 200) ngaphezu kolwandle, kepha imvamisa ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1 000 (amamitha angama-3300) ngaphezu kolwandle.
