Shark - umhlali wasolwandle oyingozi kakhulu okwaziyo ukulimaza impilo yomuntu. Umhlaseli uhlala emanzini olwandle kanye nolwandle. Ungahlangana nabamele ama-vertebrates cishe kuwo wonke amanzi anosawoti olwandle, kepha kunezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zezinhlanzi kangangokuba akulimazi ukujwayelana nabamele abakhanyayo kulo mndeni.
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Shark: incazelo nesithombe. Ngabe ubukeka kanjani ushaka?
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-500 ezahlukahlukene zoshaka. Isigcawu sivezwa ngosayizi abahlukahlukene, bobunjwa nezinye izici. Isibonelo, ushaka omncane omncane ojulile olwandle uthathwa njengento encane kunazo zonke, ubude obungu-17 cm. Enye enkulu kunazo zonke ngumkhomo (kufika ku-20 m ubude). Okufanayo kuhamba ngesisindo - ukusuka kuma-gramu angama-200 kuye emashumini ambalwa amathani.
Ngokungafani nezinhlanzi zamathambo, koshaka skeleton kwakheka i-cartilage. Kodwa-ke, unikezwe ngezinga elanele lokuqina. Amathambo afaka iminyango emi-4:
- umgogodla (umthambo we-axial),
- amaphiko angaphekiwe,
- imilenze ebhangqiwe (amaphiko we-ventral and pectoral),
- ugebhezi.
Ukujija kanye nokushesha kokuhamba kwezinhlanzi kunikezwa yizici eziningana. Inhlanzi yenza ukunyakaza okufana namagagasi ngosizo lomzimba, umsila kanye namaphiko. I-ta fini yomsila, efaka ama-blade amabili, isebenza "njengenjini" enkulu koshaka, futhi isiza ukusetha indlela eya lapho ihamba khona. Amaphiko akhiwe ezinhlangothini akuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule ijubane lokuhamba futhi usebenze ngokuqondisa.
Shark Tail Fin
Uhlobo ngalunye lukashaka luhlukaniswa yizici ezithile zomsila. Isibonelo, ushaka omhlophe uhamba ngokushesha okukhulu, ngakho-ke ama-lobes womsila acishe afane. Kwezinye izinhlobo, i-lobe engenhla inkulu kuneyaphansi.
Isidumbu soshaka simbozwe isikali esinamandla kakhulu se-placoid. I-flake ngayinye iyipuleti ebunjwe ngamadayimane enesigaxa ekugcineni. Isikali soshaka sibizwa ngokuthi amazinyo esikhumba, ngoba sifana namazinyo ngokuya ngamandla namandla. Isikali sihlangana ndawonye ngokuqinile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ekuqaleni ukubukeka sengathi isikhumba sibushelelezi ngokuphelele futhi. Kepha uma usibambe ngesandla, usibheke ngaphesheya, kusukela emsileni kuya ekhanda, umphumela omangazayo ubonakala ngokushesha - isikhumba sizizwa ngathi nge-sandpaper.
Isikhumba oshaka ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu
Imisipha yoshaka imelelwa amaqembu emisipha eminingana:
- onobuhle
- somatic (obomvu nokumhlophe, obhekele ukuhamba komzimba),
- i-visceral (izicubu ezitsheni nezitho zangaphakathi).
Umzimba woshaka ulula ngokwanele, futhi imetabolism ihamba kancane. Ngenxa yalokhu, azikwazi ukuthotshiswa isikhathi eside somzimba. Njengomphumela womsebenzi omkhulu, inani elikhulu le-lactic acid linqwabelana emzimbeni, okungathinta kabi izinqubo zangaphakathi.
Oshaka baphefumula umoya-mpilo ophuma emanzini ngokusebenzisa amagazi. Indima yohlelo lokuphefumula kubo yenziwa ngama-gill slits. Zitholakala phambi kwamaphinifa e-pectoral. Isibalo sokuluka sincike ohlotsheni lukashaka - sisuka kwamabili kuya kwayi-7.
Ushaka gill slits
Ngenxa yomsebenzi wenhliziyo, igazi elivela oshaka lihanjiswa ngemithambo ye-gill liye emithanjeni esegazini. Lapho, igazi ligcwele umoya-mpilo bese lithunyelwa ezithweni zomzimba. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzeka umzimba wonke nge-oxygen eyanele, umfutho wegazi awanele. Ngakho-ke, i-shark ihamba ngokuqhubekayo - ukusikwa kwemisipha kukhulisa ukuhamba kwegazi.
Izinhlanzi zamathambo zinobhavu lokubhukuda eligcwele igesi. Alukho ku-shark, ngakho-ke i-buoyancy iqinisekiswa isibindi esikhulu, kanye nesikhumba namapheya. Futhi oshaka abalingisa isigaxa sokubhukuda, bagcwalisa isisu ngomoya.
Oshaka abaningi banegazi elibandayo ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-8. Kumhlophe, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezinye oshaka, izingxenye zomzimba ngazinye zinokushisa okuphakeme kunendawo ezungezile. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi bahambe ngokushesha emanzini abandayo.Imisipha esebenzayo isebenza ukukhulisa izinga lokushisa.
Isisu sikashaka simise okwenziwe ngo-U futhi singelulwa kalula. Isibindi sigcina cishe ama-30% wevolumu yomzimba isiyonke. Ngaphezu kokubamba iqhaza ezinqubweni zokubuyisa, kusebenza njengohlobo lwesitoreji, oluqukethe izinto eziwusizo nokugcinwa kwamandla.
Ushaka isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi kancane kancane udla izinsiza eziqoqiwe ngemuva kokudla, ngakho uyakwazi ukubulawa yindlala isikhathi eside. Isibonelo, ushaka onesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-150 ngonyaka udinga cishe ama-80-90 kg enhlanzi. Ngezikhathi ezithile, izinhlanzi kufanele zisuse isisu semfucumfucu yokudla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bayihlanekezela ngomlomo, kungonakalisi amazinyo ngokuphelele.
Kwabashaka, uhlelo oluphambili lwenzwa umuzwa wokuphunga owakhiwe kahle. Bahlukanisa kahle iphunga ngokudlula kwamanzi emakhaleni baye kuma-receptors.
Umbono kwezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ubonakala ngokuqina okukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemininingwane emincane nemibala ethile. Imvamisa yokuqonda kungama-45 ozimele ngomzuzwana. Kwezinye izinhlobo, ijwabu leso liyavela, kwezinye alinjalo. Ukuvikela amehlo emonakalweni, oshaka bohlobo lwesibili bayazihambisa ngesikhathi sokuhlasela.
Amehlo ka Shark namakhala
Isitho sokuzwa yindlebe engaphakathi, etholakala ngaphakathi kwekholomu ye-cartilage. Izinhlanzi ezihlanzayo ziyakwazi ukubamba imisindo ephansi imvamisa, infrasound. Indlebe iyasiza nokugcina ibhalansi.
Oshaka banesitho esizwelayo - umugqa oseceleni ogeleza ngaphakathi kwesikhumba eceleni komzimba. Iphendula ukuguquguquka kwamanzi futhi ivumela izinhlanzi ukuba zizulazule esikhaleni, zizingele futhi zenze eminye imisebenzi ebalulekile.
Shark Sideline
Ushaka unamazinyo amangaki?
Ukwakheka, usayizi nenani lamazinyo kuncike ekutheni i-shark iholela kuphi, ukuthi idlani. Amazinyo ayisikhali esikhulu salaba bantu abahlaselayo futhi ukukhula kwabo kuyaqhubeka kulo lonke umjikelezo wezinhlanzi. Lokhu akulutho nje kwesilinganiso se-plakoid esilungisiwe esimboze isikhumba.
Oshaka abaningi bakhulisa amazinyo emigqeni eminingana - kusuka kwabathathu kuya kwabangu-20 emihlathini yomibili. Umugqa ngamunye uhlanganisa cishe amazinyo angama-30. Ngakho-ke, umuntu omdala angaba namazinyo angama-200-15000. Ngasikhathi sinye, azinazimpande, ngakho-ke ukushintshwa kwamazinyo kwenzeka kaningi futhi kungaqondakali kumanduleli.
Amazinyo amhlophe oshaka
Ukudla kuthinta ubukhulu nosayizi wamazinyo. Iningi labasakazi abahlukumezayo banamazinyo abukhali okwenziwe ngama-cone (acishe abe ngu-5 cm). Uma izinhlanzi zidla ukudla egobolondweni elilukhuni, zidinga amazinyo okugaya okucaba. Oshaka abaphambili abakhulu banamazinyo abanzi futhi amathuna. Izinhlanzi ezidla iPlankton zinamazinyo amancane - zingama-3-5 mm kuphela.
Inani lamazinyo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukile zoshaka:
- okumhlophe noku-brindle - imigqa engu-5-6, kuze kufike kuma-300,
- Kuthintwe - imigqa engu-5-7, kuze kufike ku-500,
- i-hammerhead shark - imigqa engu-15-17, efinyelela ku-700,
- i-sand tiger - imigqa engu-42-28, kuze kufike ku-1300,
- umdondoshiya - imigqa engu-6-10, kuze kube ngu-2000,
- umkhomo - imigqa engu-18-20, kuze kufike ku-15000.
Inhlanzi noma izilwane ezincelisayo?
Igama elithi "izilwane ezincelisayo" libhekisele ekondleni kwamathole amancanyana ngobisi. Oshaka abakwenzi lokhu, ngenxa yalokho bahlukaniswe ngokusobala njengezinhlanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baphefumula ngama-gill.
Oshaka abaningi ngosayizi babamba izilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu zasolwandle, ngokwesibonelo, ezinye izinhlobo zemikhomo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuniki sizathu sokuzihlukanisa kulesi sigaba.
Ukuqhathaniswa nosayizi omfishane nabamhlophe
Ukuvela kwezinhlobo ezithile zikashaka nakho kungadukisa. Isibonelo, ushaka onjengoshaka ufana ne-eel, ushaka obunjiwe uhlala phansi, kanti oshaka we-hammerhead uyabonakala kalula ngesimo sekhanda lakhe.
Ukuziphatha nendlela yokuphila
Kukholakala ukuthi oshaka bakhetha ukuziphilela bodwa futhi bangakhi imihlambi. Kodwa-ke, ngezikhathi ezithile ziyabonakala emaqenjini, futhi ziningi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile lezi yizindawo ezinokudla okuningi. AmaShark nawo ahlala emaqenjini ngesikhathi sokuzalela.
Izinhlobo ezithile zabasakazi azikushintshi indawo yazo yokuhlala. Abanye bayathutha, bemboza amabanga ezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha. Uhlelo lokufuduka kwezinhlanzi luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunezinyoni. Kukhona nohlelo lokufunda ubukhosi phakathi koshaka, okusho ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zilalela ezinye. Isibonelo, naphezu kosayizi abalinganayo, ushaka wesilika ulalela amaphiko amade.
Oshaka abahlali bahlasela ngokushesha lapho nje bebona isitha. Baxhumana besebenzisa ukunyakaza. Uma into engathandeki isondela, umhlaseli anganikeza isisongelo esisongela, eqala ukushukumisa kakhulu amaphiko ayo.
Umhlambi wezikhumba oshaka
Ijubane elijwayelekile loshaka cishe yi-8 km / h. Uma kunesidingo, lesi sibalo singakhuphuka size sifinyelele ku-19 km / h. Ezinye izinhlobo (ushaka omhlophe, njll.) Zenza amajezi anejubane eliphezulu cishe angama-50 km / h. Leli khono likhona kubo ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa okushiwo ngaphambili.
Ngokusho kocwaningo olusha, oshaka bayakwazi ukukhombisa ukudlala, ilukuluku, ukushesha nezinye izimpawu zobuhlakani. Imvamisa banqoba ubunzima ekwakheni iqembu.
Ngabe oshaka balala kanjani?
Isikhathi eside, bekukholelwa ukuthi oshaka abakwazi ukulala, ngoba badinga ukuhamba njalo ukuthola umoya-mpilo. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe bathi okungenani ezinye izinhlobo zoshaka (ezansi) zingaphumula isikhashana.
Ngesikhathi sokulala phansi koshaka, awavali amehlo abo noma asebenzise emakhaleni abo. Noma kunjalo, bangasebenzisa i-spatter. Ezinye izinhlobo zingalala ngokunyakaza, ngoba intambo yomgogodla iyona ebangela ukuhamba kwayo. Enye inkolelo-mbono yikhono lokucima ama-hemispheres we-cerebral.
Oshaka futhi “bangaphumula” emihumeni engaphansi kwamanzi, lapho kunamandla khona njengamanje. Kuyamangaza ukuthi abahlaseli be-scuba bathola oshaka baseCaribbean kwelinye lasemigedeni. Bebebukeka belele yize le nhlobo iphakathi kokubhukuda okusebenzayo.
Ushaka uphuza kanjani futhi?
Ngokweqiniso, oshaka akufuneki baphuze amanzi njalo ngomqondo oqondile wagama. Njengoba isemanzini anosawoti, ayidonsa njalo, futhi ngokusebenzisa izindonga zesisu isitho esisha sifakwa egazini futhi sisakazeka emzimbeni wonke.
Ngasikhathi sinye, uketshezi emzimbeni woshaka luqukethe usawoti omncane kunamanzi asemvelweni. Kunenqubo eyenzeka ngokomzimba ebizwa nge-osmotic ingcindezi - uketshezi olunamazwibela aphansi kasawoti alubhekise kulolo ketshezi olunokuphakama okuphezulu. Baxhumana ngesikhumba senhlanzi. Ngakho-ke, umzimba woshaka ususa usawoti owedlulele.
Bangaki oshaka abahlala?
Isikhathi sokuphila oshaka abaningi cishe siyiminyaka engama-30. Kodwa-ke, kukhona izinhlobo zezinkulungwane zeminyaka. Lokhu kufaka hlangana i-whale, i-spiky ebonakalayo, oshaka be-Greenland abangahlala iminyaka eyi-100. Vele ushaka waseGreenland oshaka ubhekwa njengengqwele ngokwemigomo yokuphila isikhathi eside. Isibonelo, iminyaka yomunye wabo ingaqagelwa ososayensi eminyakeni engama-392 ngephutha leminyaka eyi-100. Ngokwesilinganiso, izinhlobo ziphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-272.
Ukuphila isikhathi eside kuhlobene ngqo namazinyo oshaka, ngoba uma umhlaseli elahlekelwa isikhali sakhe esiyinhloko, ngeke akwazi ukusondla.
Bahlala kuphi oshaka?
Oshaka bavamile emanzini olwandle. Ngakho-ke, bahlala kuzo zonke izilwandle, izilwandle. Izinhlanzi ezingena eCartilaginous zithanda amanzi asogwini, izindawo ezihlalwa emadwaleni, indawo elinganayo futhi eseduze namanzi.
Ezinye izinhlobo zikashaka zizizwa zikhululekile ngokulinganayo kuwo womabili usawoti namanzi amasha. Ngakho-ke, angabhukuda emifuleni. Izinhlobo ezinjalo zifaka i-blunt, i-grey ejwayelekile evamile nezinye. Ngokwesilinganiso, izilwane ezidla ezinye zithanda ukujula okungamamitha ayi-2 000, kwesinye isikhathi ukubhukuda okungu-3,000 m.
Indawo emhlophe yoshaka
Oshaka boLwandle Olumnyama
Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-hydrogen sulfide emanzini oLwandle Olumnyama, izinhlobo zoshaka ezingakwazi ukukubekezelela lincane. Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 - i-katran kanye ne-cat shark. Lokhu ngabantu abancane abangabeki ingozi ebantwini. Ukuphela kwento ukuthi umzimba wekatran uhlanganiswe ngameva, ukuxhumana okugcwele nemiphumela engemihle.
Izimo ezingandile futhi ziyaziwa lapho izinhlobo zezidalwa zoshaka zibhukuda zingena emanzini oLwandle Olumnyama. Isibonelo, ushaka omkhulu omhlophe ungabhukuda okwesikhashana ukuya engxenyeni eseningizimu yogu lweCrimea kanye nezindawo ezisentshonalanga neKrasnodar Territory.
Ngabe udobe udlani?
Ukudla koshaka kuya ngezinhlobo ezithile, kanye nendawo yokuhlala. Ngokuvamile, kungabizwa ngokuhlukahluka. Iningi labamele bangama-carnivores. Ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane azithobeki, ngakho-ke zidla konke okuza ngendlela yazo (ngokwesibonelo, ushaka wehlosi). Ingxenye eyinhloko yokudla izinhlanzi, i-plankton, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, ama-crustaceans.
UShark weqa emanzini
Ngakho-ke, oshaka abahlala ezondweni ezingezansi kwama-crabs, amanye ama-crustaceans. Ukuze wenze lokhu, anamazinyo angakuluma ngamagobolondo. Blue shark, mako, llama inyamazane ezinhlanzini zasolwandle ngenkathi zihamba. Ushaka omhlophe ukhetha izinhlanzi ezinkulu nezincelisayo. Ama-Whale, oshaka abakhulu, naphezu kobukhulu bawo obuhlaba umxhwele, bayadla ngeplankton.
Izitha zemvelo zabashaka
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi oshaka babonisa izimfanelo zokuphamba kusukela bezalwa. Kubo, ukukhethwa kwemvelo kuqala kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. Amakhebuli azalwe ngaphambi kwabanye aqeda abafowabo nodadewabo. Izinhlobo ezinkulu nazo ziphanga oshaka abasanda kuzalwa.
Izitha zemvelo zikashaka:
- marlin,
- umaki izinhlanzi
- amahlengethwa, imikhomo yokubulala,
- ingwenya ethambile (amanzi amasha).
Abamele umndeni we-marlin bangahlasela oshaka, basebenzise “umkhonto” wabo omude nonamandla. Kungokufanayo nange -fishfish, okuthi, lapho ihlaselwa ngoshaka, ihlabe ikhala elide lezinto zayo.
Amahlengethwa kanye nemikhomo yokubulala iyizimbangi eziphambili zabasakazi ngokuqondene nokukhiqizwa kokudla, ngoba izinhlanzi zangaphambili zidla izinhlanzi, zona ezidala - izilwane ezinkulu ezincelisayo. Futhi lokhu kuyisisekelo sokudla kwabazingeli boshaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho oshaka bahlushwa amagciwane kanye namagciwane ahlukahlukene.
Ukuzalanisa oshaka
Oshaka babonakala ngokufakwa ngaphakathi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngokuya ngohlobo, zingaba:
- i-viviparous
- ovoviviparous,
- oviparous.
OShark banesikhathi eside sokuthomba - isilinganiso seminyaka engaba yishumi. Ushaka whale uyakwazi ukuzala iminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengama-40 yokuphila. Isikhathi sokufakwa futhi sihluka kakhulu - kusuka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuya eminyakeni emi-2.
Izinhlanzi ezizalela ngendlela ye-oviparous zibeka amaqanda ama-2 ukuya kuma-2. Kulokhu, amaqanda embozwe amagobolondo ambalwa. Kufaka phakathi njengophondo lwangaphandle. Uvikela inzalo kubazingeli. Cube ziba nokuzimela ngokushesha nje emva kokuzalwa.
Shark Egg Capsules
Eenhlanzini ze-ovoviviparous, amathole asesikhathini se-oviduct isikhashana. Kungalesi sigaba lapho ukukhethwa kwemvelo kusebenza khona futhi kuyo yonke inzalo kusala abantu abaphezulu kwababili abanamandla. Ubungako bamawundlu buyahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lwezinhlobo. Inzalo yoshaka bambahlana ingamamitha angama-50-76 ubude, kanti ibimhlophe kanye nengxenye.
I-Shark cub
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva, cishe i-25% yazo zonke izinhlobo zabashaka isezisondele. Inani lezinhlanzi liyancipha ngesivinini esikhulu. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu:
- Amandla okuzala aphansi - oshaka baqondiswa yikhwalithi yenzalo ekhiqizwayo, hhayi inani. Kungakho kuwo wonke amawundlu, kusale ambalwa kakhulu anamandla.
- Ukudoba oshaka, ikakhulukazi okungekho emthethweni.
- Ukunciphisa inani lokudla okudliwayo yizinyamazane. Kubandakanya ukwehla kwenani lezilwane ezincelisayo.
- Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi angcolile olwandle. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngeplastiki.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi oshaka, ikakhulukazi abalambile, bathambekele ekubambeni konke okusendleleni yabo. Ngakho-ke, bakhangwa yizinqulu ezinkulu zikadoti ezintantayo olwandle - bakha ukuguquguquka. Futhi, oshaka bafuna ukwazi.
Ukudoba oshaka
Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-100 zikashaka ziyadotshwa, njengoba zinjalo nezinye izinhlanzi. Umkhakha wokudoba unesifiso senyama koshaka, amaphiko, uqwanga, isibindi nesikhumba. Ezokudotshwa kwezinhlanzi kwenziwa kakhulu e-Atlantic Ocean, kulandele i-Indian nePacific.
Kufika abantu abayizigidi eziyi-100 unyaka ngamunye. Ukuvinjelwa kanye nemikhawulo ekubambeni kwethulwa kancane kancane, kepha ubukhulu bayo banda. Oshaka ababanjwa hhayi nje njengokudotshwa kwelitshe, kodwa futhi ngengozi - ngesikhathi sokubanjwa kwezinye izinhlanzi.
Shark no Diver
Kunohlobo oluhlukile lokuloba - ukudoba ngo-shark fin. Kwamanye amazwe akuvunyelwe. Kokunye kokudalwa kokudotshwa koshaka ingozi eyandayo emabhishi, usongo lokwehla kwenani lezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi.
Oshaka bahlasela abantu
Ngokwezibalo zamazwe omhlaba, inani elikhulu kunawo wonke lokuhlaselwa koshaka kubantu abaqoshwa emazweni afana ne-United States, iBrazil, i-Australia, iNew Zealand kanye neNingizimu Afrika.
Kodwa-ke, kunemininingwane engekho emthethweni lapho izinga lamazwe ayingozi kakhulu liholwa amazwe ase-Afrika. Eduze naseGhana, Tanzania, neMozambikhi, kuhlala khona oshaka abakhulu abayingozi. Ukuhlaselwa okuningi kwenzeka emanzini olwandle, hhayi olwandle.
I-White Shark Attack (2015)
Eduze koshaka kunezinganekwane eziningi. Babhekwa njengabazingeli abayingozi kakhulu inhloso yabo eyinhloko ukuhlasela abantu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngokwengxenye. Oshaka bangabazungu bangempela futhi udinga ukulandela zonke izinhlobo zezeluleko zokuphepha.
Kodwa-ke, iningi loshaka lihlasela abantu ngephutha, libadide nokuhlasela kwabo kwangempela. Zimbalwa kuphela izinhlobo zezilwane, ezinjengemhlophe, amahlosi nezinye oshaka ezingakwazi ukuhlasela ngaphandle kwesizathu. Sekukonke, ukukhathazeka ngalezi zinhlanzi kukhulu kakhulu.
Zimbalwa kuphela izinhlobo zoshaka ezingatholakala ekudingisweni. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu kuyaziwa noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlobo ezingandile. Njengomthetho, ziyehluka ngobukhulu obukhulu, ngokuziphatha okunolaka. Ukubamba oshaka abanjalo, kanye nokukuhambisa kunzima impela. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungazilimazi.
Whale shark e-aquarium
Futhi, ochwepheshe bazokuthola kunzima ukuthutha umuntu kumuntu okwazi ukwenziwa. Kufanele ibe banzi ngokwanele futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, iqukethe yonke imishini edingekayo yokwenza ushaka uzizwe uphephile. Ukusekelwa kokusebenza okujwayelekile kuyadingeka.
Oshaka: Incazelo
Oshaka bamelela okukhulu kwezinhlanzi ezinama-cartilaginous kanye nengwadla yama-lamellar gill. Ngasikhathi sinye, ziyahlukahluka ngokubukeka okungafani nalokhu, okusho ukuthi oshaka banesimo somzimba esakhiwe ngethoshi, i-asymmetrical caudal Fin, futhi nekhanda elinomlomo, linamabala amaningi emigqeni ebukhali. Leli gama lafika kubantu baseRussia abavela ku-Old Icelandic "hakall", okwakusho noma inhlanzi. Igama elithi "ushaka" laqala ukusetshenziswa cishe ngawo-18, lasho futhi inhlanzi.
Ushaka esikweni
Oshaka, njengezidalwa ezihlukile futhi ezihehayo, azikwazanga ukusiza ekubeni yingxenye yesiko labantu abaningi bomhlaba. Okungenani, wonke umuntu kufanele abone amafilimu aseNtshonalanga lapho oshaka basebenza njengezilo zangempela.
Kepha lokhu kude kakhulu nayo yonke indima yezinhlanzi ngamagugu amasiko. Kukhulunywa ngabo ezinganekwaneni zamaGrikhi, amasiko amaJapan, amasiko asePolynesia. Ikakhulu, kubakhileyo abaseziQhingini zaseHawaii, oshaka abayizidlakudla eziyingozi, kodwa ngabalindi basolwandle abagada abantu bendawo.
Aborigine base-Australia bazithatha njengezipho zemvelo ezenzelwe umuntu. AmaShayina abheka oshaka njengemboni, okungukuthi, bawabheka njengabalulekile emkhakheni wezokudla nemithi yendabuko.
Ngokwesiko elidumile, ushaka uyisici esibaluleke kakhulu se-movie esabisayo noma ukuthokozela ngezilo zasolwandle. Izibonelo zamafilimu ngokubamba iqhaza koshaka abahlaselayo:
- Jaws (1975),
- Abakwalasha (1977),
- Ulwandle Olujulile (1999),
- "Sandbank" (2016) nabanye.
Ukubukeka
Izinhlobo eziningi zikashaka zihlukaniswa ngokuba khona komzimba omise nge-torpedo nekhanda eli-oval-conical. Ukuma komzimba okunjalo kuvumela lokhu okuhlala olwandle ukuhamba kalula nangejubane elikhulu lokuhamba kukholamu yamanzi. Inhlanzi ihamba ngenxa yokunyakaza komzimba okufana negagasi, kanye nangenxa yomsebenzi wawo wonke amaphiko, ikakhulukazi umsila. I-caudal Fin isebenza futhi njengomhlanga futhi inamakhasi amabili, angaphansi nangaphezulu, omgogodla ongena engxenyeni engenhla.
Ngenxa yamaphiko aseceleni, ushaka wenza izindledlana, zombili ezivundlile nasendizeni ebheke phezulu. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wamaphini abhangqiwe, ushaka ugcina ibhalansi emanzini, ngenkathi ngenxa yokubakhona kohlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lokunyakaza, ushaka uyakwazi ukwenza ubuqili obuhlukile. Okuwukuphela kwento esidonsa ngayo ukuthi ushaka awukwazi ukubuyela emuva, yize ungayidingi.
Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi! Ezinye izinhlobo zikashaka zihamba ngezansi kwamapinifa ama-pectoral kanye ne-ventral, kungathi ngezinyawo zazo. Oshaka abakhanyayo, obude bawo abudluli imitha, ngenxa yamaphinifa we-pectoral, kungathi kufakwa emanzini, kufana ne-hummingbird.
I-shark skeleton iqukethe i-cartilage, ngenkathi iqiniswa futhi nge-calcium ezindaweni lapho icindezelwa kakhulu khona. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo samathambo, ushaka unamakhono ahlukile wokushukumiseka namandla okusebenza. Isakhiwo sayo esiyingqayizivele sesikhumba, esinezikali ze-placoid, amandla ayo aqhathaniswa namandla amazinyo, sisiza umdlwenguli ukunqoba ukumelana nendawo yasemanzini. Uma ubamba isandla sakho ohlangothini kusuka ekhanda kuye emsileni, khona-ke isikhumba sizoba bushelelezi, futhi uma ubamba ngokuqondisa ukusuka kumsila kuya ekhanda, khona-ke kuzovela kubukeke njenge-sandpaper.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlala zihlala zivikela umunyu, okunciphisa ukungqubuzana kwesikhumba soshaka amahlandla amaningi, ukuze ushaka uhambe kwikholamu yamanzi ngejubane elikhulu. Isikhumba soshaka siphinde sikhiphe i-pigment, ebhekele umbala, kuya ngohlobo lwabantu abahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi. Njengomthetho, umbala wezinhlanzi uncike endaweni lapho uhlala khona, ngakho-ke uhambelana nombala ongezansi kwedamu kanye nohlobo lwezimila zasemanzini. Cishe zonke izinhlanzi, kufaka phakathi oshaka, zinombala othile: ingaphezulu limnyama futhi phansi kukhanya. Ngakho-ke, oshaka banokuvikelwa okufihlakele, ngaphezulu nangaphansi. Lesi sici sombala womzimba sisebenza cishe kuzo zonke izinhlanzi.
Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu
Ushaka omhlophe ebonakala ngokuziphatha okunolaka. Isilinganiso sobudala siyiminyaka engama-70. Ifinyelela ku-6 m ubude nangaphezulu, futhi abantu abanjalo banesisindo esingamathani amabili. Ifaka ukucasha okuhle ngesimo sesikhumba engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba ngombala onsomi, onsundu, oluhlaza okotshani. Umzimba ophansi ulula kakhulu. Unomuzwa ozwelayo kakhulu onephunga. Kusatshalaliswa kuwo wonke amanzi olwandle.
Ushaka omhlophe
Ushaka whale ifinyelela isilinganiso esingu-6-8 m ubude. Kepha lolu hlobo luphawuleka ngokuhlukahluka kwangaphandle, ngakho-ke bobabili abantu abancane nezinkulu ezinkulu ezingafika ku-20 m ubude zitholakala. Kubhekwa njengoshaka omkhulu kunabo bonke. Naphezu kobukhulu obunokwenzeka, ayinabungozi kubantu. Ukwakheka kwemihlathi namazinyo kuklanyelwe ukubamba ukudla okuncane kolwandle kanye namanzi. Umbala obonakalayo yisikhumba esimnyama esinamabala amakhulu amhlophe ngemuva nasemaceleni.
Ushaka whale
Ukukhula ushaka omkhulu - Kufika ku-15 m, isisindo - kuze kufike kumathani angama-4. Iba sesibili ngosayizi. Ibuye idle ne-plankton. Ungahlala impilo yodwa noma ujoyine imihlambi. Inombala onsundu ompunga onsundu.
Ushaka omkhulu
Shark Omkhulu ikhula ibe ngu-5 m ubude. Inombala onsundu omnyama engxenyeni engenhla nokukhanya engxenyeni engezansi. Isici esibonakalayo ngumlomo omkhulu, kuze kufike ku-1.5 m ubude, ngamazinyo amancane. Idla ngokuphila okuncane kwasolwandle, okuwaheha ngama-phosphorites akhanyayo.
Izici nezici zabashaka
Mikhulu kangakanani amanzi olwandle, kangangokuba ziningi kakhulu izinhlanzi ezikuyo, umuntu ngamunye uhlukile ngendlela yakhe futhi unezici ezihlukile. Lokhu kuyasebenza nakoshaka, kukhona abamele ubude be-15-20 cm namamitha ayi-15-20, isisindo sawo sifinyelela kumathani angama-30. Kepha akubona bonke abazingelayo abesabekayo njengoba abantu bebabona, ezinye zazo ziyingozi kuphela ngezinhlanzi ezincane noma ama-mollusks.
Ukwakheka komzimba, indlela yokuziphatha, kanye nendlela yokuzingela oshaka bazo zonke izinhlobo kuyafana, izici ezijwayelekile zinjengokulandelayo:
- Amathambo e-cartilaginous enza oshaka basebenzise futhi babe namandla, emzimbeni wabo akukho amathambo, i-cartilage kuphela.
- Akukho bhulashi lokubhukuda, elenhlanzi ezijwayelekile liyisitho esibalulekile. I-Buoyancy inikezwa isibindi esikhulu, amaphiko kanye nomthambo we-cartilaginous.
- Ingaphezulu lomzimba alimbozwe esikalini, kodwa isikhumba esiqinile futhi esinamandla ngamazinyo amancane.
Oshaka abaswele isigaxa sokubhukuda, yingakho badinga ukuhamba ngaso sonke isikhathi
Isimo esivelakancane ukungabikhona kwamazinyo ahlafunayo, isb., Lapho kuhlangana nenyamazane, ushaka uwusula ngezicucu futhi ugwinye izingcezu ngaphandle kokuhlafuna. Lapho zizingela, inyamazane ikhula ngesivinini esingama-20-30 km / h, inegazi elifudumele kuze kufike ku-50 km / h, ijubane elijwayelekile lokunyakaza li-5-8 km ngehora.
Isilinganiso sokuphila esijwayelekile siyiminyaka engama-30, kepha kukhona futhi abade bephila isikhathi eside sempilo yabo esidlula iminyaka eyi-100, ikakhulu i-whale, oshaka be-polar noma i-sand quatrains.
Izinhlobo nokwehluka
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-superorder of oshaka kumelwe imiyalo eyi-8 futhi kufaka phakathi imindeni engama-34, abamele abangafani ngesimo somzimba, ubungako ngisho nangendlela yokuzingela, abanye babo bavikelekile ngokuphelele kubantu, kepha kunezinhlobo ezingcono okungafanele zidlalwe ngazo.
Uhlu lwamayunithi oshaka:
- Ama-Karhariformes.
- Hubby.
- I-Polygillus.
- Lamester.
- Wobbegong.
- I-Pyliform.
- Katraobraznye.
- Omdala Flat.
Sekukonke, izazi zasolwandle ziyazi cishe izinhlobo ezingama-400-420 zohlobo loshaka, kubandakanya zasendulo nezisengozini. Ethandwa kakhulu futhi evamile, kunezinhlobo ezingama-300.
I-Karhariformes noma i-karharidnyh
Lokhu kuchithwa kukhulu kunakho konke, kuqukethe izinhlobo ezingamakhulu amathathu nemindeni eyisishiyagalombili. Indawo yokuhlala yalaba bantu yizindawo ezisogwini lolwandle olushisayo nolunomoya ophansi, okuwukuphakama okuphelele emanzini oLwandle Lomhlaba, kanye naseMedithera naseCaribbean. Abanye abantu babonwe emanzini ahlanzekile nasezindaweni ezijulile zolwandle.
Abamele iCarcharide bayingozi ebantwini. Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:
- Ushaka omkhulu we-hammerhead uhlala emanzini ezindawo ezishisayo nezishubile, futhi uyabonakala naseLwandle iMedithera. Ubude bawo bufika ku-5-6 m, emuva kunombala ofana nesikela, futhi isizalo sifana nesando futhi sicishe siqonde, esivelele kubantu besizwe esikanye nabo. Ngokwemvelo yabo, abantu abangashadile, bondla ikakhulukazi ama-octopus, crabs, lobster kanye nezinhlanzi ezincane, abantu akuvamile ukuba bahlasele.
IHammerhead shark - ushaka owodwa okhula ube ngamamitha ayi-6 ubude
Abasilika oshaka bazingela impilo encane yasolwandle, kepha futhi bangahlasela abantu.
Iningi labantu bezinhlobo ezinkulu ze-carcharide ezinkulu lihlukaniswa ngamakhono amahle okuzingela.
Enamazinyo, i-bovine noma enophondo
Izinhlobo zihlanganisa imindeni eyi-9, kepha muva nje bekukhona ezingaphezulu, lokhu kungenxa yokuqothulwa kweminye imibukiso yakudala. Amazinyo ahlukene ahlanganiswe ukubukeka okungajwayelekile: inhloko enkulu enezakhiwo endaweni yeso, umlomo o-oval, ukuba khona kwe-spike in the dorsal fin and 5 gill. Isici esibonisa ukuthi sibahlukanise kweminye imindeni amazinyo ahlukile ngesimo nosayizi, ngaphambili anolaka, inyamazane ebukekayo, nasekujuleni komlomo - ukugaya.
Izinhlobo ezinamachaphaza amachashazi azesabeki njengoba abantu becabanga., isisekelo sokudla kwabo izakhamizi zasemanzini ezincane.
- Ushaka wase-Australia (onophondo) ungomunye wabamele abamele kakhulu uhlobo, ubude bawo bomzimba bu-165 cm.Habitat amanzi asempumalanga yePacific afinyelela kumamitha angama-275 nasentshonalanga eseningizimu nogu lwaseNdiya, futhi ingatholakala nasogwini lwase-Australia. Iyazala, ibeka amaqanda emifantweni ebangeni eli-1 1-5, ayisetshenziswa embonini ngoba inyama yayo ayisezingeni eliphansi, izidumbu ezibanjwe emanetweni ziya emfuyweni ezinye izinhlanzi ezinkulu.
I-Bull shark ayisetshenziswa embonini nasekudleni, njengoba inyama yayo ingekho esezingeni eliphakeme
Amathoyizi amaningi awahlaseli abantu, kepha bekunesimo lapho kukhona ushaka ocasulayo ocasulayo, kepha kwakungekho amamaki esikhunjeni. Izinhlobo zizala ngokubeka amaqanda phansi kweziza zasogwini.
Abamele izinyoni eziningi
Uhlobo luqukethe imindeni engu-5-6 yezinhlanzi ezine-fits eyodwa no-6-7 gill slits; azinakho ukuphuma kwe-glillion emehlweni nesipikili ku-dorsal fin.Ubukhulu nokwakheka komzimba kuyehluka ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo.
Ummeleli owaziwa kakhulu wabamba oshaka abaningi gill shill ayisikhombisa.
Ummeleli owaziwa kakhulu yi-ash-gill shark eyisikhombisa - isakhamuzi esinamandla futhi esisebenza kakhulu samanzi afudumele asogwini lweChina, Australia, Japan, Indonesia, eningizimu yeBrazil, North Carolina neCuba. Ingatholakala ezansi kwepulazi yezwekazi ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-720. Idla inhlanzi enamathambo ayisikhombisa, ama-crustaceans, esikalini, enjenge-mackerel noma inhlanzi eyi-saber. Isisulu sisebenza kakhulu, kanye ku-net, isampula singaziphatha kabi ngokudoba kumdobi.
Umndeni uhlanganisa noshaka ocwengekile, onjenge-eel sea. Umzimba wakhe uphakama, isihlakala esifushane, i-anal fin inkulu kune-dorsal ngosayizi. Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingapheli.
Lamiform noWobbegong
Ama-torpedoes angempela omhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi amelelwa emndenini we-lamised. Oshaka banamaphini ama-dorsal amabili, elilodwa eliphansi nelilisihlanu lama-gill; akukho ulwelwesi olubonakalayo emehlweni. Abanye abantu badla izinhlanzi ezincane, ngisho nezihlobo kanye nezilwane ezincelisayo, ngakho-ke kufanele zidlule futhi zingabhukudi endaweni.
Imindeni edume kakhulu: I-Sandy, i-Sandy yamanga, i-Hfer, i-shark-brownie, njll, imelelwa yilezo zinhlobo:
- Ama-Fox shark (thrasher) - ahlala emanzini afudumele futhi afudumele asishisayo. Isici esiyingqayizivele yingxenye ende ephezulu ye-caudal fin, esetshenziswa ngumzingeli ekufuneni inyamazane, emangalisa nokushayela izinhlanzi ezikoleni. Ibala kwesinye isikhathi lifinyelela usayizi ogcwele womzimba womhlaseli. Eduze nogu, impungushe yolwandle ayivelakancane, ithanda ulwandle oluvulekile nobubanzi obufika kumamitha ayi-500.
Ushaka omkhulu ufinyelela kumamitha ayi-10 ubude, kepha abantu abangu-15 ubude baqoshwa
Abasakazi abakhulu kunabo bonke bahlanganisa izinhlobo zeWobbegong, ubude bawo bomzimba buqala kusuka kuma-70 cm kuye kuma-20 metres. Izinhlobo ziyaphila kakhulu ezansi futhi zithanda ukudla i-cuttlefish, crabs, crayfish, squid namanye ama-mollusks. Lokhu kufaka: i-saddlery, indawo edabukisayo, i-Asia feline, i-Feline feline, ushaka we-zebra nabanye.
Lezi yizibonelo nje ezishibhile zokuthi uluhlobo luni loshaka ezinhlotsheni zonke, kodwa empeleni ziningi kakhulu zazo futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi zibhale yonke into. Ekugcineni, izazi zasolwandle azikwazi ukuphendula umbuzo wokuthi zingaki izinhlobo zoshaka ezikhona, ngoba azikafundwa ngokugcwele futhi nsuku zonke ukuvela kwesilwane esidala kunazo zonke emhlabeni kwenzeka.
I-Tiger (Ingwe) Shark
Kuyaziwa ngokwanda kwawo ezigodini ezisogwini zaseMelika, India, Japan, Australia. Igama libonisa umbala wezilwane ezidla ezinye, ezifana nephethini yamahlosi. Imichilo yesiphambano ingemuva elimpunga ihlala kuze kube yilapho ushaka ukhula ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-2, khona-ke ziba mnyama.
Ubukhulu obukhulu bufika kumamitha ayi-5.5. Abahlaseli abahahayo bagwinya izinto ezingangeneki. Bona ngokwabo bayinto ethengiswayo - isibindi esibalulekile, isikhumba, izinhlanzi. Oshaka bayanda kakhulu: kufinyelela kumawundlu angama-80 azalwa bukhoma kudoti owodwa.
IHammerhead shark
Ihlala emanzini afudumele olwandle. Ubude berekhodi lomuntu omkhulu orekhodwe kumamitha ayi-6.1. Isisindo sabameleli abakhulu sifinyelela ku-500 kg. Ukubukeka koshaka okungajwayelekile, okukhulu. I-dorsal fin ifana nesikela.Phambili 'kwesando' kucishe kuqonde. Izintandokazi zezinyamazane - ama-stingrays, ama-stingrays anobuthi, seahorses. Letha inzalo kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili, izingane ezingama-50-55 zisanda kuzalwa. Ingozi ebantwini.
Isando soshaka
Usilika (Florida) ushaka
Ubude bomzimba bungu-2,5-3,5 m. Isisindo singama-350 kg. Umbala ufaka imibala ehlukene yamathoni aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka nge-sheen yensimbi. Isikali sincane kakhulu. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, imizimba yezinhlanzi esesatshiswayo ibilokhu isabeka ekujuleni kolwandle.
Isimo somzingeli ononya sihlotshaniswa nezindaba zokuhlaselwa kwabaphambukeli. Bahlala yonke indawo emanzini afudumele kuze kufike ku-23 ° С.
Usilika oshaka
Bull Shark
Uhlobo lwe-grey shark eyaziwa ngokuba nolaka lwayo olukhulu kunazo zonke. Ubude obukhulu buyi-4 m. Amanye amagama: i-inkunzi shark, i-pelvis-ikhanda. Ngaphezu kwesigamu sazo zonke izisulu zabantu kuthiwa zifakwe kulesi sidlakela. Izimpilo ezindaweni ezisogwini lwase-Afrika, eNdiya.
Ubungqabavu bohlobo lwe-bovine ku-osmoregulation yomzimba, i.e. ukuzivumelanisa namanzi amasha. Ukubonakala koshaka ovuthayo emilonyeni yemifula egeleza olwandle yinto esejwayelekile.
I-Bull shark namazinyo ayo abukhali
Shark oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Izinhlobonhlobo ezivame kakhulu. Isilinganiso sobude obufika ku-3.8 m, isisindo esingaphezu kwama-200 kg. Igama lanikezwa ngumbala womzimba omncane. Ushaka uyingozi kubantu. Ingasondela ogwini, iye ekujuleni okukhulu. Usuka ngaphesheya kwe-Atlantic.
I-Blue Shark Ithola Ukudla
Izici ezijwayelekile zoshaka
AmaShaka ahlukaniswe umhlangano ngamaqembu ayisishiyagalombili. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingama-450 ezidla izinyamazane, kepha abacwaningi bathi kukhona abanye abamele lo mndeni, kuze kube manje abaziwa ngabantu.
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Izinhlobonhlobo zoshaka zikhulu kangangokuba izinhlanzi ezincane kunazo zonke zikhula ziye kufinyelela kuma-20 cm, kanti ezinkulu zingafinyelela kumamitha angama-20. Noma kunjalo, wonke ama-vertebrates anezinto ezifanayo: oshaka abakho bladder yokubhukuda, baphefumula umoya-mpilo ongena ezindaweni ezigebha gill, izilwane zasolwandle zinephunga elihle kakhulu ekuvumela ukuthi uzizwe igazi lesisulu likude kwamakhilomitha ambalwa. Futhi, zonke izinhlanzi zinamathambo angafani aqukethe i-cartilage.
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Ama-shark squads
Ngeshwa, izinhlobo eziningi zikashaka sezisenyamalele, futhi imininingwane ngazo ilahleka ngokungenathemba. Namuhla, amaqembu ayisi-8 ayizidlakudla ahlukaniswa:
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- I-Karhariformes,
- odnozuboobraznye noma i-bovine (enezimpondo),
- polygranious,
- isililo,
- wobbegong,
- sawtooth,
- katraobraznye noma prickly,
- abamele abesilisa abazimele.
Inani elikhulu lezinhlanzi, akubona bonke abazidlayo. Izinhlobo ezintathu zikashaka zidla ngeplankton. Kukhona nabamele abanjalo bezilwane ezihlala emanzini ahlala emanzini amasha.
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Izinhlobo eziphambili zikashaka
Ungahlangana nezilwane ezizingelayo eziyingozi e-Atlantic, Pacific, Indian Ocean, naseMedithera, eBomvu naseCaribbean. Izilwane zasolwandle ezingejwayelekile kakhulu yilezi:
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I-Tiger shark
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I-Tiger noma i-leopard shark - ibhekisa kwabazingeli abahahayo kakhulu, ubude obukhulu bezinhlanzi bushiya amamitha ayi-5.5. Isici esihlukile somuntu ohlala olwandle yimodeli yenyathi etholakala emzimbeni wonke.
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IHammerhead shark
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I-Hammerhead shark - ushaka oyingqayizivele onesando ngaphambili. Isisulu sakha ukubukeka kwenhlanzi enkulu futhi engajwayelekile. Abantu abadala bakhula bafinyelela kumamitha ayi-6.1. Izinhlanzi zithanda ukudlela olwandle, emisebeni nakumaxinizi.
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Usilika oshaka
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I-silk noma i-Florida shark - inombala onsomi onsundu ngokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka one-tint yensimbi. Ubukhulu bomzimba womhlaseli bungama-3.5 m.
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Bull Shark
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I-Dull shark - isho izinhlanzi ezinolaka kakhulu. Kweminye imithombo, umphikisi ubizwa ngokuthi ushaka wezinkunzi. Umuntu ohlala olwandle uhlala eNdiya nase-Afrika. Isici senhlanzi yikhono lokuzivumelanisa namanzi amasha.
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Shark oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
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I-Blue shark - ibhekwa njengenhlanzi esondele kakhulu kubantu, njengoba ihlala ibhukuda ogwini.Umdlwane unombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka womzimba omncanyana futhi ngokuyisisekelo ukhula ufike kumamitha angama-3,8.
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UZebra ushaka
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Ushaka obunjwe nge-Zebra - uhlukaniswa ngombala ongajwayelekile ngendlela yemivimbo e-brownish emzimbeni okhanyayo. Uhlobo lwenhlanzi alunangozi kubantu. Ushaka uhlala eduze neChina, Japan ne-Australia.
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Ushaka wesigqoko
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Ushaka obunjwe ngesigqoko ungolunye lwezinhlobo ezingandile zabaphangi. Ingaphezulu lomzimba wezinhlanzi limbozwe ngama-clove, umbala umelelwa amabala amnyama ngemuva kokukhanya. Abantu abadala bakhula babe ngamamitha ayi-1 ubude.
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Ushaka waseMozambiki
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Ushaka waseMozambiki inhlanzi ebomvu ngokubomvu enamabala amhlophe emzimbeni. Abahlali basolwandle baseMozambiki, eSomalia naseY Yemen, bakhula babe ngama-60 cm.
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Ushaka onamagatsha ayisikhombisa
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Ama-gill ayisikhombisa noma ushaka oqondile - ubonakala ngohlamvu olunolaka nombala we-ashy. Inhlanzi inekhanda elincane futhi ikhula ibe ngu-120 cm.
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Ushaka onekhanda elimnyama
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Ushaka oboshiwe noma ogcwele ukhuni ungumuntu wasemanzini oyingqayizivele okwazi ukugoba umzimba njengenyoka. Umhlaseli unomzimba omude wombala onsundu, ufinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 nezikhwama zesikhumba eziningi.
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I-Fox shark
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I-Fox shark - inejubane elikhulu lokunyakaza kanye ne-lobe ende ephezulu ye-caudal fin. Lesi sakamuva singena ngokuphumelelayo inyamazane. Ubude bezinhlanzi bufika ku-4 m.
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UShaka shark
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ISand Shark - inekhala futhi umzimba omkhulu. Ilungisa ulwandle olushisayo nolupholile. Ubude obujwayelekile bomuntu buyi-3.7 m.
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Ushaka onamaphiko amnyama
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UMark shark noma omnyama-onamaphiko - inyamazane ingesinye sezikhali ezibulala kakhulu. Ubude bezinhlanzi abungu-4 m, ijubane lokuhamba liyamangalisa.
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IGoblin shark
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IGoblin shark noma brownie (obhejane) - lolu hlobo lwenhlanzi lubizwa ngokuthi njengabafokazi. Oshaka banesihlwithi esingajwayelekile esifana nama-platypus. Lababantu abasolwandle olujulile bakhula babe yimitha eyodwa.
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Ushaka whale
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Ushaka whale isilo sasolwandle sangempela, esinemibala nomusa omangalisayo. Ubude obukhulu besakhamuzi sasolwandle bungamamitha angama-20. Izinhlanzi zalolu hlobo azithandi amanzi abandayo futhi azibeki engcupheni kubantu, yize zibesabisa ngobuningi bazo. Ukudla okuyinhloko koshaka i-crayfish ne-shellfish.
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Carpal wobbegong
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I-Wobbegong carpalis uhlobo oluhlukile lukashaka olungabukeki "njengabazala" balo. Inhlanzi ifakwa imaski kahle ngenxa yokwakheka komzimba nezimbambo eziningi ezimbozwe ngazo. Ngokubukeka, kunzima kakhulu ukubona amehlo nezinsephe zesilwane.
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Ama-pilonos anezinwele ezimfushane
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Ama-pilonos amafushane-inhlanzi - inhlanzi inomzimba ophuzi okwesibhakabhaka onesisu esikhanyayo. Isici esiyingqayizivele sesilwane ukuqubuka kwe-sawtooth, okuyingxenye yesithathu yobude bomzimba wonke. Ngosizo lwethuluzi elihlukile, ushaka ulimaza izisulu zalo.
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IGnome Pylonos
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Ama-gnome pilonos angenye yezinhlanzi ezincane kunazo zonke zalolu hlobo, ubude bazo obungadluli kuma-60 cm.
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I-hyloglot eseNingizimu - inekhanda elikhombe, umzimba onsundu okhanyayo. Umuntu ohlala olwandle akasona usongo kubantu.
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I-hyloglot esindayo ingumnikazi womzimba omkhulu. Lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi luthanda ukuba semanzini amaningi.
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Squatina
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Ama-shark noma ama-squat-a-femed - lolu hlobo lwenhlanzi lufana kakhulu nama-stingrays ekwakhekeni nasendleleni yokuphila. Umuntu ohlala olwandle uncamela ukuzingela ebusuku, ntambama ubhinca isilika. Abanye babiza oshaka amadimoni.
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Kunezinhlobo eziningi zohlobo loshaka. Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zithonywa indawo kanye nendlela yokuphila.
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Ezinye izinhlobo zikashaka
Phezu kwezinhlobo eziphambili, ezifundwe kahle koshaka, kukhona nezidlakela ezingaziwa kakhulu, phakathi kwazo kukhona ulamula, i-granular, enamaphiko amade, umhlanga, umugqa wefilidi, umarten, isobho, i-herring, enkulu-mouthed, ukhaphethi noshaka osezingeni eliphakeme. Futhi emanzini olwandle kunezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane ezidla ezinye okuthiwa i- "shark nanny."
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Futhi-ke, ushaka omhlophe
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Ushaka whale
Izinhlobonhlobo zezimpawu zesizwe soshaka ngokuyinhloko zigcizelela ubukhulu balezi zidalwa. Ziyahluka ngendlela ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu. Abamele abaphakathi kwalesi sigcawu sabazingeli basemanzini bafaniswa ngosayizi nehlengethwa. Kukhona futhi nolwandle oluncane kakhulu izinhlobo zikashaka, ubude bawo bungokuthile nje okungekho ngaphezu kwama-17 cm. Kepha iziqhwaga ziqhamile.
Ushaka whale
Lezi zokugcina zifaka ushaka whale - omele kakhulu kulesi sizwe. Amanye amasampula amathani amaningi afinyelela usayizi wamamitha angama-20. Imidondoshiya enjalo, kuze kube ngekhulu le-XIX, ecishe ibe ingenakuthengwa futhi etholakala ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela ngemikhumbi yasolwandle emanzini ashisayo, yanikeza umbono wezilo ezinkulu ngosayizi wazo omnandi. Kepha ukwesaba kwalezi zidalwa kwakuxakile.
Njengoba kwavela kamuva, imidondoshiya enjalo engasebenzi ayinakuba yingozi kubantu. Futhi yize zinamazinyo ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa emilonyeni yazo, ukwakheka kwazo kuhluke ngokuphelele emafungwini ezidlova.
Lawa madivayisi ayinto efana nethango elinesixhaxha, ukuqunjelwa okuthembekile kwe-plankton encane, lezi zidalwa ezondla yona kuphela. Ngala mazinyo, ushaka ubamba inyamazane yayo emlonyeni. Futhi ubamba yonke into eyisilingo yasolwandle ngokuyihlunga emanzini esebenzisa idivaysi ekhethekile phakathi kwamakhaza e-cartilage - amapuleti e-cartilaginous.
Umbala whale shark uthakazelisa kakhulu. Isizinda esijwayelekile simpunga emnyama nge-tint eblue noma nsundu, futhi silinganisa iphethini yaso kusukela emigqeni yamabala amakhulu amhlophe emuva nasezinhlangothini, kanye namachashazi amancanyana emaphini nasekhanda le-pectoral.
Ushaka omkhulu
Uhlobo lokudla olusanda kuchazwa nalo lutholwa abanye abamele besizwe esizithandayo (izinhlobo zoshaka esithombeni sivumele ukuthi sicabangele izici zabo zangaphandle). Lokhu kubandakanya oshaka abakhulu nabakhulu.
Ushaka omkhulu
Owokugcina wabo ungowesibili ngobukhulu phakathi kwezihlobo zawo. Ukuphakama kwaso esibonelweni esikhulu kunazo zonke kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-15. Futhi isisindo sezinhlanzi ezihlaba umxhwele ezinobukhulu ezimweni ezithile sifinyelela kumathani angama-4, noma isisindo esinjalo sibhekwa njengerekhodi phakathi kukashaka abakhulu.
Ngokungafani nezinhlobonhlobo zangesikhathi esidlule, lesi sidalwa samanzi, sizitholela ukudla kwaso, asithathi amanzi ngokuqukethwe kwawo. Ushaka omkhulu umane nje uvula umlomo wawo kabanzi bese ufaka izakhi, ubambe futhi uhlunge lokho kungena emlonyeni. Kepha isabelo sezidalwa ezinje sisafana - ipulankton encane.
Imibala yalezi zidalwa inesizotha - nsundu-grey, emakwe ngephethini elula. Zigcinwa zodwa nasemaphaketheni ikakhulukazi emanzini afudumele. Uma sikhuluma ngengozi, khona-ke indoda ngobuhlakani bayo yalimaza kakhulu oshaka njengaye - empeleni, izidalwa ezingenangozi zazimfaka enkingeni.
Shark Omkhulu
Lezi zidalwa ezinelukuluku zatholakala muva nje, kungaphansi kwengxenye yekhulu edlule. Zitholakala emanzini afudumele olwandle, kwezinye izikhathi, zibhukuda ezindaweni ezifudumele. Ithoni yombala yemizimba yabo i-brown-black phezulu, ngezansi ilula kakhulu. Ushaka onobubanzi obukhulu akusona isidalwa esincane, kodwa esingesikhulu njengezinhlobo ezimbili zangaphambili, futhi ubude balaba bameleli bezilwane zasemanzini bungaphansi kwamamitha ayi-5.
Shark Omkhulu
Isigaxa salezi zidalwa sihlaba umxhwele kakhulu, siyindilinga futhi sibanzi, umlomo omude, ocishe ube yimitha nengxenye ubude. Kodwa-ke, amazinyo asemlonyeni mancane, kanti nohlobo lokudla lufana kakhulu noshaka omkhulu, okuwukuphela kwesici esijabulisayo sokuthi lowo omele isifuba esikhulu sesizwe esidla inyama unezindlala ezikhethekile ezinamandla okufihla ama-phosphorites.Bakhazimula bezungeza umlomo walezi zidalwa, beheha i-jellyfish nezinhlanzi ezincane. Le yindlela umhlaseli onamakhanda amakhulu ahlasela inyamazane ukuze anele.
UZebra Shark
Ihlala emanzini angajulile ogwini lwaseJapan, China, Australia. Imicu emincane yombala onsundu ngemuva ingemuva kufana nephethini le-zebra. Hudula isifinyezo esifushane. Akunobungozi kubantu.
UZebra Shark
Ushaka omhlophe
Kodwa-ke, njengoba kungekho nzima ukuqagela, akuzona zonke izinkomba ezivela ekugcotshweni koshaka ezingenangozi kangako. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi lezi zidlamlilo zasemanzini ziyethusa umuntu kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukusho ikakhulukazi izinhlobo eziyingozi koshaka. Isibonelo esicacile sokuba negazi kwalesi sizwe ushaka omhlophe, obizwa nangokuthi "ukufa okumhlophe" noma ngenye indlela: ushaka we-cannibal, oqinisekisa kuphela izakhiwo zawo ezimbi.
Isikhathi sokuphila sezidalwa ezinjengalesi singekho ngaphansi kwesabantu. Izibonelo ezinkulu kakhulu ezidla ezinye zinobude obungaphezulu kuka-6 m futhi zinesisindo cishe samathani amabili. Ukwakheka komzimba wezidalwa ezichaziweyo kufana ne-torpedo, imibala engenhla inombala onsundu, ompunga noma ohlaza okotshani, osebenza njengokufihla okuhle ngenkathi kuhlaselwa.
Ushaka omhlophe
Isisu ngethoni sikhanya kakhulu ukwedlula ingemuva, lona oshaka abalibiza ngalo igama lesidlaliso. Isidlakela, esivele ngokuzuma phambi kwesisulu sivela ekujuleni kolwandle, ngaphambili esasingabonakali ngaphezu kwamanzi ngenxa yesizinda sangaphezulu komzimba, kuphela ngemizuzwana yokugcina sibonisa ubumsulwa baphansi. Ngokumangala, lokhu kuthusa isitha.
Umhlaseli, ngaphandle kwehaba, umuzwa onesihluku wokuhogela, nezinye izitho zemizwa ezithuthukiswe kakhulu, futhi ikhanda lakhe linikezwe amandla okuthatha iziphikiso zikagesi. Umlomo wayo omkhulu we-Tooess ufaka uvalo kumahlengethwa, ezinsolweni zoboya, ezindongeni, ngisho nasemikhombeni. Wabamba ukwesaba phezu kwesintu. Futhi ungahlangana unethalente ekuzingeleni, kepha izidalwa ezinokuchitha igazi kuzo zonke izilwandle zomhlaba, ngaphandle kwamanzi aseNyakatho.
I-Tiger shark
Ama-Tiger oshaka abathanda izindawo ezifudumele ezishisayo, ezitholakala emanzini akhona emhlabeni wonke. Bahlala eduze nolwandle futhi bayathanda ukuzulazula besuka endaweni kuya kwenye. Ososayensi bathi kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, laba bantu abamele izinyoni zasemanzini abakaze benze izinguquko ezinkulu.
Ubude bezidalwa ezinjalo bungamamitha ayi-4. Yintsha kuphela egqamile njengemicu yamahlosi kusizinda esiluhlaza okotshani. Oshaka abavuthiwe ngokwengeziwe imvama iba mpunga. Izidalwa ezinjalo zinekhanda elikhulu, umlomo omkhulu, amazinyo azo anokubola kwelebhu. Ijubane lokuhamba kwezinyamazane ezinjengalezi emanzini linikeza umzimba olungiselelwe. Futhi i-dorsal fin isiza ukubhala ama-pirouette ayinkimbinkimbi.
I-Tiger shark
Lezi zidalwa ziyingozi kakhulu kubantu, futhi amazinyo azo anezitho zomzimba ngaso leso sikhathi angadabula imizimba yabantu. Kuyamangaza ukuthi esiswini sezidalwa ezinjalo zivame ukuthola izinto ezingenakubizwa ngokuthi zinambitheke futhi ezidliwe nhlobo.
Kungaba ngamabhodlela, amathini, amabhuzu, okunye udoti, ngisho namathayi ezimoto neziqhumane. Ukusuka kulokho okucacayo ukuthi oshaka abanjalo banomkhuba wokugwinya, noma yini.
Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukuthi imvelo yabavuza ngekhono lokukhipha ezinye izinto zasesibelethweni esibelethweni. Banamandla okuhlanza okuqukethwe kuwo ngomlomo, bamane basonta esiswini.
Bull shark
Ukufakwa ohlwini izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zikashaka, hhayi ukwedelela ubuntu, kuyadingeka ukusho lo shark wenkabi. Ukwesaba kokuhlangana nesidalwa esihle kangaka kungabonakala kunoma yiluphi olwandle emhlabeni, okungahle kube yinhle mhlawumbe yi-Arctic.
Bull shark
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunethuba lokuthi laba bantu abazidlayo bazokwehla bavakashele amanzi amnandi, ngoba into enjalo ilungele impilo yabo. Kunezimo lapho oshaka bezinkomo babehlangana khona futhi baze bahlale unomphela emifuleni yase-Illinois, e-Amazon, eGanges, eZambezi noma eLake Michigan.
Ubude bezilwane ezihlaselayo ngokuvamile buba ngamamitha amathathu noma ngaphezulu. Bahlasela izisulu zabo ngokushesha, bangashiyi thuba lokusindiswa. Oshaka abanjalo babizwa nangokuthi-blunt-nosed.Futhi lesi isidlaliso esinembe kakhulu. Futhi ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa, bangasishaya kakhulu isisulu sabo ngobuso obufiphele.
Futhi uma singeza amazinyo abukhali ngezihlakala, lapho-ke isithombe somhlaseli onolaka siyohlinzekelwa ngemininingwane emibi kakhulu. Umzimba wezidalwa ezinje unesimo seslindle, umzimba wesitoko, amehlo ayindilinga futhi mancane.
Katran
Okungakhangi ikakhulukazi ngokuphila koshaka abanegazi kungamanzi oLwandle Olumnyama. Izizathu ukungagugi kwemigwaqo eyahlukanisiwe futhi enabantu abaningi, ukugcwala kwendawo yamanzi ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokuhamba olwandle. Kodwa-ke, ayikho into edabukisa kakhulu umuntu, inikezwe ingozi enkulu kakhulu yezidalwa ezinjalo.
Shark katran
Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi abameleli besizwe esichazwayo abatholakali ndawo ezindaweni ezinjalo. Ukufakwa ohlwini izinhlobo zoshaka eLwandle OlumnyamaOkokuqala, ibizwa nge- katrana. Lezi zidalwa zingamamitha owodwa kuphela ngosayizi, kepha kwezinye izikhathi ziyiqiniso ziyakwazi ukuziqhayisa ngosayizi wamamitha amabili. Baphila cishe iminyaka engama-20.
Abasakazi abanjalo babizwa nangobala obunemibala. Owokuqala we-epithets unikezwa imijikelezo ebukhali etholakala emgqonyeni we-dorsal, kuthi owesibili kube nokukhanya okukhanya ezinhlangothini. Isizinda esikhulu sangemuva sezidalwa ezinjalo siphuzi grey, isisu simhlophe.
Ngokwakheka okumangazayo, zibukeka njengezinhlanzi eziphakeme kunokaswazi. Iningi lama-quatrans lidla izakhamizi zasemanzini ezinosayizi omncane, kodwa ngobuningi bawo bohlobo, zinganquma ukuhlasela amahlengethwa ngisho nabantu.
Ikati loshaka
Kukhona ushaka wekati emanzini asogwini lwe-Atlantic naseLwandle iMedithera. Emanzini oLwandle Olumnyama, lezi zidla zumana, kepha kuyaqabukela. Ubukhulu bawo bincane kakhulu, cishe ngamasentimitha angama-70. Akabekezeleli umkhathi wezinto zasolwandle, kepha ikakhulukazi asuka ogwini futhi ekujuleni okujulile.
Ikati loshaka
Umbala wezidalwa ezinjalo uyathakazelisa futhi uyamangalisa. Ngemuva nangezinhlangothi kune-hue emnyama yesihlabathi, enezindawo ezinamabala amancane amnyama. Futhi isikhumba sezidalwa ezinjalo siyamangalisa, ekuthinteni okufana ne-sandpaper. Oshaka abanjalo bafanelwe igama labo lomzimba oguquguqukayo, onomusa futhi omude.
Imikhuba enjalo ifana namakati. Iminyakazo yabo inomusa, ayaguguleka phakathi nosuku, futhi ahamba ebusuku futhi aqonde ebumnyameni. Ukudla kwabo kuvame ukwenziwa izinhlanzi kanye nezinye izakhamuzi zasemanzini eziphakathi nendawo. Kubantu, oshaka abalimali ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, abantu bayadla, ngesinye isikhathi ngisho nangobumnandi obukhulu, lolu shaka abahlukahlukene, kanye nenyama yekatran.
Cladoselachia
Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi oshaka babehlala eMhlabeni cishe ngezigidi ezine zaminyaka edlule, njengoba lezi zidalwa zasendulo. Ngakho-ke, lapho echaza labo bantu abahlukumeza abanye, okhokho babo kufanele bashiwo. Ngeshwa, akukho nzima ukuthola ukuthi: babukeka kanjani, manje akunakwenzeka.
Futhi ukubukeka kwabo kwahlulelwa kuphela izinsalela zamathambo nokunye okulandelwayo kwempilo yesidalwa esinjalo sokuqala. Phakathi kokutholakele okunjalo, okuphawuleka kakhulu ukutholakala okulondolozwe kahle emzimbeni wommeleli. ukuqothuka kwezinhlobo zikashakakwesokunxele emagqumeni weSlate. Okhokho basendulo bezindlela zokuphila zamanje babebizwa ngokuthi ama-cladoselachios.
Izinhlobo ezingapheli zeshaka ze-cladoselachia
Isidalwa eshiye umaki waso, njengoba singenakwahlulelwa ngosayizi wethrekhi nezinye izimpawu, sasingesikhulu kangako, kuphela ubude bamamitha ayi-2. Isimo esilinganiselwe nge-torpedo samsiza ukuba akwazi ukuhamba ngokushesha entweni yamanzi. Kodwa-ke, ngejubane lokuhamba kwezinhlobonhlobo zesimanje okunjalo okusobala ukuthi izidalwa ezinamaphiko ngokusobala zisengaphansi.
Yayinama-dinsal fins amabili afakelwe i-spikes, umsila ngezindlela eziningi ezifanayo nesizukulwane samanje sabashaka. Amehlo ezidalwa zasendulo ayemakhulu futhi ephapheme. Kubonakala sengathi babedla izicubu zamanzi kuphela. Futhi izidalwa ezikhudlwana zabalwa phakathi kwezitha nezitha zazo ezimbi kakhulu.
Ushaka we-dwarf
Oshaka abancane batholakala olwandle lweCaribbean kuphela engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lokugcina. Futhi kungamashumi amabili kuphela eminyaka ngemuva kokutholwa kwalolu hlobo lukashaka, babizwa ngegama elithi: etmopterus perry.Igama elifanayo lanikezwa izidalwa ezifushane ukuhlonipha isazi semvelo esidumile esenziwe ocwaningweni lwazo.
Futhi kuze kube namuhla kusuka izinhlobo ezikhona zikashaka izilwane ezincane emhlabeni azitholakali. Ubude balezi zingane abudluli ku-17 cm, kanti izinsikazi zincane kakhulu. Zingamalungu omndeni woshaka olwandle olujulile, futhi osayizi bezidalwa ezinjalo awuphenduki ngisho nangaphezulu kuka-90 cm.
Ushaka we-dwarf
I-Etmopterus perry, ehlala ekujuleni kwamanzi olwandle, ifundwe kancane ngesizathu esifanayo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi yi-ovoviviparous. Imizimba yabo iyaphakeme, izingubo zabo zinombala onsundu, zimakwe imivimbo esiswini nasemhlane. Amehlo ezinsana anekhono lokukhipha ukukhanya okuluhlaza okotshani olwandle.
Ushaka wamanzi ahlanzekile
Kuchaza izinhlobo ezahlukene zabasakazi, Kungakuhle ukungazinaki izakhamizi zamanzi ahlanzekile akulesi sitatimende. Sekuvele ukuthi lezi zidalwa zasemanzini, ezihlala zihlala olwandle nasolwandle, zivame ukuhambela izivakashi, zivakashele amachibi, amakhethini nemifula, zibhukuda lapho isikhashana, zichitha ubuningi bezimpilo zazo endaweni enosawoti. Isibonelo esivelele salokhu kwakuwushaka wenkunzi.
Kodwa isayensi iyaziwa futhi lezo zinhlobo ezizalwa, zihlala ziphila futhi zife emanzini amasha. Yize kungukuthi iyatholakala. Ezwenikazi laseMelika, indawo lapho kuhlala khona oshaka iyodwa. Leli ichibi elikhulu laseNicaragua, elisesifundeni segama elifanayo, elingekude namanzi asePacific.
Ushaka wamanzi ahlanzekile
Izisulu okukhulunywe ngazo ziyingozi kakhulu. Akhula aze afike ku-3 m, ahlasele izinja nabantu. Esikhathini esithile esidlule, abantu bendawo, amaNdiya, babenomkhuba wokungcwaba abanye abantu emanzini echibi, ngaleyo ndlela banikeze abafileyo ukondla izinyamazane ezihlaselayo.
Oshaka bamanzi ahlanzekile bayatholakala nase-Australia nasezingxenyeni ezithile ze-Asia. Bahlukaniswa yikhanda elibanzi, umzimba onamasheya kanye nesifutho esifushane. Isizinda sabo esingaphezulu simpunga-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, phansi, njengezihlobo eziningi, kulula kakhulu.
Ushaka omnyama
Umndeni wama-shark grey avela esizweni sonke sikashaka uvame kakhulu futhi maningi. Ine-genera eyishumi nambili, kufaka phakathi inani elikhulu lezinhlobo. Abamele lo mndeni babizwa nangama-sawtooths, wona uqobo akhuluma ngengozi yawo njengabazingeli. Lokhu kufaka ushaka omnyama ongenacala.
Lesi sidalwa sincane ngosayizi (abantu ababunjiwe bafinyelela cishe amamitha ubude), kodwa kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi basebenza kakhulu. Oshaka abanamabala amnyama bayizakhamizi zezinto ezinosawoti ezidla ama-cephalopods, kepha ikakhulukazi ezinhlanzini ezi-bony.
Ushaka omnyama
Ama-anchovy, ama-bass asolwandle nezinye izinhlanzi zalolu hlobo, kanye nama-squid nama-octopus, abe yizisulu zawo. Labashaka asebekhulile kangangokuba bangakwazi ukunqamula kalula isidlo sakusihlwa nezihlobo ezinkulu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, bona uqobo bangaba izisulu zabo.
Umzimba wezidalwa ezichazwe, njengamalungu amaningi omndeni wazo, uhlelekile. Ukuhlafunwa kwabo kuyindilinga futhi kuya phezulu. Amazinyo abo athuthukile anezinqe, ezisiza oshaka abanamabala amnyama ukukhipha inyamazane.
Lawa madivayisi abukhali emlonyeni asesimweni sikunxantathu ocacile. I-Placoid, yesakhiwo esikhethekile, isikali, isici esilingana nezinhlobo zezinsalela, imboza umzimba walaba bameleli bezilwane zasolwandle.
Umbala wabo ungahlulelwa egameni lomndeni. Kwesinye isikhathi umbala wabo awusiwo mpunga omsulwa, kepha uphuma ngombala onsundu noma ophuzi. Isizathu segama lezinhlobo zalezi zidalwa kwakuyimininingwane yesimo - ibala elimnyama esiqeshini sesigaxa. Kodwa lolu phawu luvame ukuhlobisa ukubukeka koshaka abasebasha kuphela.
Izinyamazane ezinjalo zitholakala ogwini lwezwekazi laseMelika, njengomthetho, zihlala emanzini anosawoti ageza ingxenye yalo esempumalanga. Umndeni woshaka abampunga usezitholele idumela le-cannibals, kepha yilesi sidalwa esivame ukuhlasela umuntu. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe nokho bayeluleka ukuthi baqaphele izilwane ezinjalo eziyingozi. Uma ukhombisa ulaka, ungagcina usungena enkingeni.
Ushaka omhlophe
Izidalwa ezinjalo zibuye zimelele umndeni wabashaka abampunga, kepha zibusa ezinye izinhlobo zawo.I-white-shark iyisidlakudla esinamandla esizovikeleka ukwedlula abavelisi abanamabala amnyama. Unolaka olwedlulele, futhi emiqhudelwaneni yezisulu uvame ukwedlula abafowabo emndenini.
Ngokuya ngosayizi, abamele le nhlobo bayakwazi ukufinyelela amamitha amathathu ubude, ngakho oshaka abancane bangawela kalula enanini lokuxhashazwa kwezicukuthwane ezimhlophe ze-fox, uma zingakhombisi ukuqaphela.
Ushaka omhlophe
Izidalwa ezichazwe zihlala emanzini oLwandlekazi i-Atlantic, kepha zitholakala nasePacific naseNdiya. Umbala wazo, ngokwegama lomndeni, ungwevu, kepha ngotshani obuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, isisu salolu hlobo simhlophe.
Akuphephile kumuntu onezidalwa ezinjalo. Kunamacala ahlala njalo lapho lezi zidalwa ezingenangqondo zixosha abaphambukayo. Futhi yize zingekho izigameko zokubulala ezirekhodiwe, izitha ezinolaka ziyakwazi ukuklebhula umlenze noma ingalo kumelele uhlobo oluthile lwabantu.
Kodwa-ke, le ndoda uqobo ayinikezeli oshaka abamhlophe, futhi nokukhathazeka okukhulu kakhulu. Futhi isifiso somuntu kubo sichazelwa nje: yonke into isenyameni emnandi yalaba bameleli bezilwane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayaziswa: isikhumba, amaphiko nezinye izingxenye zomzimba wabo, ngoba konke lokhu kusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni. Ukudoba ngokweqile kudale ukwehla okusabisayo kwenani loshaka entweni yamanzi olwandle.
Umdaka omnyama
Lolu hlobo ngesinye isibonelo somndeni osuvele ushiwo. Oshaka abanjalo babizwa nangokuthi i-Indo-Pacific, okukhombisa indawo abahlala kuyo. Oshaka abamhlophe-abakhethe bakhetha amanzi afudumele futhi bavame ukushelela eduze kwezixhobo, emigqonyeni nasezindongeni.
Umdaka omnyama
Imvamisa zihlanganiswa emhlambini. I-“hunched” abathande ukuyithatha iwubufakazi besimo sabo sengqondo sokuhlukumeza. Kepha ngokwemvelo banelukuluku, ngakho-ke abantu abavame ukuzizwa besaba noma befisa ukujaha, kepha inzalo elula. Kepha lapho beshushiswa ngabantu, bayakwazi ukuhlasela. Bazingela ebusuku, badle cishe ngezihlobo zabo emndenini.
Ubukhulu bezidalwa ezinjalo bungamamitha ayi-2. Ukuhlafunwa kwazo kuyindilinga, umzimba unesimo sethoshi, amehlo makhulu futhi ayindilinga. Umbala ompunga wangemuva wabo ungahluka ukusuka ekukhanyeni kuya emjondolo omnyama, umsila we-fae uhlukaniswa ngokuhlelwa okumnyama.
Ushaka Tooted
Echaza oshaka abampunga, umuntu ngeke asize ngaphandle kokusho umfo wabo omude. Ngokungafani nezinye izihlobo ezivela emndenini ezine-coddled, thermophilic futhi ezivame ukuhlala eduze kwasezindawo ezishisayo, lezi oshaka zitholakala emanzini athokomele.
Izinhlobo zezidalwa ezinjalo ziyingqayizivele impela. Imizimba yabo ihlukaniswa ngokuvumelana, iphrofayli liyaklwebheka, isizungqo sikhonjwe futhi sinde. Umbala uyahlukahluka kusuka ku-olive-olive kuya ku-bronze ngokufakwa kwamathoni wepinki noma umthunzi wensimbi. Isisu, njengenjwayelo, simhlophe ngokusobala.
Ushaka Tooted
Ngokwemvelo, lezi zidalwa ziyasebenza futhi ziyashesha. Imihlambi emikhulu imvamisa ayakhiwanga, ibhukuda yodwa noma inkampani encane. Futhi ngaphandle kokuphakama okungamamitha amathathu noma ngaphezulu, ngokuvamile bangaba izisulu zabashaka abakhulu. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kunokuthula, kufaka phakathi maqondana nomuntu. Amalungu alo a-viviparous, njengabo bonke abanye abamele lo mndeni.
Ushaka welamula
Ifanelwe igama layo ngombala we-tan womzimba, kwesinye isikhathi ngokufakwa kwamathoni apinki futhi, yebo, mpunga, ngoba yize kufakwa umbala wokuqala, ushaka ungowomndeni ofanayo. Lezi zidalwa zikhulu kunalokho futhi zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha amathathu nesigamu anesisindo esingama-180 kg.
Kaningi zitholakala emanzini oLwandle lweCaribbean kanye neGulf of Mexico. Bancamela imisebenzi yasebusuku, bavame ukuzulazula ezigungwini futhi babambe iso labo ngasesibayeni esingajulile. Ukukhula okuncane kuvame ukufihlwa esizukulwaneni esidala soshaka abanjalo, ukuhlangana emihlambini, ngoba lapho behlangana bangangena enkingeni, noma kunjalo, futhi babe yisisulu sabazingeli abanye.
Ushaka welamula
Lezi zidalwa zidla izinhlanzi nezimbaza njengokudla, kepha izinyoni zamanzi nazo ziphakathi kwezisulu zazo. Iminyaka yokuzala yabamele izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ezihlobene nohlobo lokuphilayo, kwenzeka ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-12.Oshaka abanjalo banolaka ngokwanele ukuba banikeze abantu isizathu sokubasaba.
Reef shark
Inekhanda elibanzi eliyindilinga nomzimba omncane omncane kangangokuba ubude bawo bomzimba cishe amamitha elilodwa nesigamu, inesisindo esingama-20 kg kuphela. Umbala wangemuva walezi zidalwa ungaba nsundu noma ube mpunga omnyama, kwezinye izikhathi ube namabala avele kuwo.
Le nhlobo ingeyohlobo lwegama elifanayo eliqhamuka emndenini wabashaka abampunga, lapho kuwukuphela kwezinhlobo. Abamele uhlobo lo shaka basolwandle, ngokwegama labo, batholakala ezigodini zamakhorali, nakulezo zichibi nesihlabathi esingajulile. Indawo abahlala kuyo amanzi ase-Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Reef shark
Lezi zidalwa zivame ukuhlangana ngamaqembu amalungu azo athanda ukuhlala ezindaweni ezifihliwe ngezikhathi zasemini. Bangakhuphukela emihumeni noma bahlanganyele ngaphansi kwama-cornices emvelo. Zidla izinhlanzi ezihlala phakathi kwamakhorali, kanye nomkhaza, ama-lobster nama-octopus.
Abameleli abakhulu besizwe sikashaka bangayijabulela kahle i-reef shark. Imvamisa baba yizisulu zabazingeli bamanzi kasawoti, ngisho nezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezidla inyama, futhi bakwazi nokudla kubo. Lezi zidalwa zinelukuluku kubantu, futhi ngokuziphatha okwanele, kuvame ukuba kube nokuthula impela.
Ushaka ophuzi
Umndeni wabasakazi abanamehlo amakhulu uzitholele igama lesidlaliso elinje ngokwesayensi, ngoba amalungu alo anamehlo amakhulu abunjiwe. Umndeni ochaziwe ufaka cishe i-genera emine. Omunye wabo ubizwa ngokuthi: oshaka abimigqa, futhi uhlukaniswe ngezinhlobonhlobo eziningana. Owokuqala walezi zinhlobo, ozochazwa lapha, ngoshaka omfishane ophuzi.
Ushaka ophuzi
Lezi zidalwa azibalulekile ngosayizi, imvamisa azidluli ku-130 cm. Isizinda esiyinhloko somzimba wazo siyithusi noma i-grey light, lapho imivimbo ephuzi ibonakala khona. Ushaka onjalo ukhetha impilo yakhe amanzi ase-East Atlantic.
Lezi zidalwa zivame ukubonwa ngasogwini lwamazwe anjengeNamibia, iMorocco, ne-Angola. Ukudla kwabo kuhlanganiswa ikakhulukazi ngama-cephalopods, kanye nezinhlanzi zama-bony. Lolu hlobo loshaka alunangozi ngokuphelele kubantu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngabantu abadla inyama yezilwane zasemanzini ezinjalo. Kugcinwa kunosawoti futhi kusha.
Umshini wemichilo waseShayina
Njengoba igama ngokwalo lisakazeka kahle, oshaka abanjengohlobo lwangaphambilini, bangabolohlobo olufanayo loshaka abanemichilo, futhi bahlala emanzini anosawoti endaweni eseduze nogu lwaseChina.
Umshini wemichilo waseShayina
Kungaba kuhle ukwengeza kulolu lwazi ukuthi lezi zidalwa zitholakala, nakho konke okunye, oLwandle iPacific olwandle lwaseJapan nakwamanye amazwe asondelene neChina.
Ngosayizi, laba oshaka bancane kakhulu (abukho ngaphezu kwama-92 cm ubude, kodwa kaningi futhi bancane kakhulu). Ngenxa yalokhu, izingane ezinjalo azinakuba yingozi kubantu. Kodwa-ke, inyama yazo iyadliwa, futhi ngenxa yalokho kuvame ukudliwa ngabantu. Idatha ye-Snout ishubile. Umzimba, isendlalelo sawo esiyimpunga onsundu noma ompunga nje, sifana nesigaqa esisesimweni.
Isingeniso
Izinhlobo ezingama-550 zabashaka zihlanganiswa zaba ngama-oda ayi-8 nemindeni engama-34, kufaka phakathi i-107 genera.
Amanzi angapheli olwandle asebenza njengendawo yokuhlala yezilwane eziningi. Izimo ezikhethekile, zokuba khona kwazo ezidinga ukuguqulwa nezimo ezithile, ziye zaba yisizathu esiyinhloko sokuvela kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuphila.
Izinhlobo eziningi zoshaka, kanye nama-stingrays, izinhlanzi zamathambo, izilwane ezincelisayo kanye nama-invertebrates phakathi nezinkulungwane eziningi zeminyaka ziye zazivumelanisa nezimo zokuphila kwemvelo yasemanzini. Njengomphumela walokhu, ukwahluka kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ngaphakathi kweqembu elifanayo.
Mayelana nokwehlukahlukana koshaka
Oshaka babehlukile. Ezilwandle, olwandle ngisho nemifula, ungathola abamele abaningi balezi zinhlanzi ezidliwayo, ezingafani ngokubukeka kuphela kanye nezimpawu zokuziphatha, kepha futhi nendlela yokudla nokuziphatha.
Ukuze ugweme ukudideka, ososayensi banquma ukwenza ngezigaba, basabalalisa zonke izinhlobo zabasakazi ezaziwa yisayensi baba ngamaqembu - amayunithi we-taxonomic. Kulokhu, abalingiswa be-morphological kuphela abathathelwa ingqalelo - izici zesakhiwo sangaphakathi, izici ezijwayelekile nezingqayizivele zesakhiwo sangaphandle.
Bukela ividiyo: Izinhlobo zeShark zihluke kakhulu futhi zahlukile
I-Shark Superorder - Inhlanzi engu-Cartilaginous
Oshaka, njengazo zonke izinhlanzi, zohlobo lwe-vertebrate, i.e. Ukuba nesisekelo somzimba - umgogodla.
Isigaba, esihlanganisa oshaka nezihlobo zabo eziseduze - ama-stingrays, sibizwa ngokuthi ikilasi lezinhlanzi ezi-cartilaginous (Chondrichthyes). Zonke izinhlanzi ezinama-cartilage esikhundleni sesithambo somgogodla zihlanganisiwe lapha.
Isigaba sezinhlanzi ezi-cartilaginous sihlanganisa izimbotshana ezimbili - iplanethi-gill (i-Elasmobranchii) nenhlanzi enamakhanda aphelele noma i-fusion (i-Holocephali). Ushaka nama-stingray ahlukaniswe njenge-gill.
Abamele amakhanda onke bahlanganisa izinhlanzi ze-chimeric.
I-subclass ye-gill-fish ihlukaniswe yaba yimikhawulo emibili - oshaka (uSelachii) nama-stingrays (Batoidea).
Futhi, ngenxa yokuhluka esakhiweni sabamele abehlukene, iShark superorder ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amancane - ama-oda ahlukaniswe yimindeni. Futhi imindeni yakhiwa ngezinhlobo zezilwane.
Izinhlobo ezingama-550 zoshaka ezikhona futhi ezichazwe ngesikhathi kusungulwa le ndatshana zihlanganiswa zaba yimiyalo eyi-8 nemindeni engama-34 enezimpawu zayo kuphela.
Ividiyo: Idokhumenti Ehlukahlukene YeShark
USambachioed inja ushaka
Oshaka balolu hlobo yibona kuphela abamele uhlobo nenhlobo yomndeni enegama elifanayo langempela: oshaka bezinja ezi-mustachioed. Lezi zidalwa zazithola lesi sibongo ngokufana kwazo nezilwane ezidumile, amafolda ahlaba umxhwele ekhoneni lemilomo yawo kanye namadevu akhiwe ezingubeni.
Amalungu alezi zinhlobo ayincane kakhulu kunonhlobo oluchazwe ngaphambili: ubude be-82 cm futhi akukho okunye. Ngasikhathi sinye, umzimba walezi zidalwa umfushane kakhulu, futhi lonke ubukhulu bomzimba omncane kakhulu butholakala ngenxa yomsila omude.
USambachioed inja ushaka
Izinto ezinosawoti ezinjengalezi zithanda ukujula kolwandle okufika kumamitha angama-75, futhi ngokuvamile azivuki ngaphezu kokujula kwamamitha ayishumi. Zivame ukubhukuda ezansi impela, zincamela ukuqhuba imisebenzi yempilo lapho amanzi ebhuqu khona ikakhulukazi.
Zi-viviparous, zikhiqiza ama-cubs angama-7 ngasikhathi. Ngenxa yokuzingela inyama yabo, oshaka bezinja bebesesimweni sokucindezelwa kakhulu futhi bangashabalala ngokuphelele olwandle lwaplanethi.
Izidalwa ezinjalo zitholakala, njengomthetho, ogwini lwase-Afrika, futhi zisakazeka emanzini ngandlela thile enyakatho kuze kufike kuLwandle iMedithera. Oshaka balolu hlobo babhekwa njengabahle, ababhukudi abasheshayo nabazingeli abahle kakhulu. Zidla ama-invertebrates, ngaphandle kwezinhlanzi ngokwazo ezizidlayo namaqanda azo.
Ama-squad Karhariformes, noma oshaka abampunga (Carcharhiniformes)
Elikhulu kunawo wonke ama-squark squark, ahlanganisa imindeni eyi-8, enezizukulwane ezingama-51.
Iqembu lihluke kakhulu ngokubukeka. Abamele abadume kakhulu kuleli qembu bangama-blunt-nosed (oshaka inkunzi), amahlosi, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye noshaka bekati. Kanye nomndeni woshaka we-hammerhead, okungathi ngokuma okumangalisayo kwamakhanda abo ngeke kudidaniswe nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezidla ezinye.
Bukela ividiyo - ama-Tiger Shark:
Heterodontiformes Oda
Kuhlanganisa umndeni owodwa kuphela wabashaka besimanje - odnozuby, onophondo noma oshaka. Zonke zihluka emzimbeni ongadingekile onekhanda elibanzi namaphini ama-dorsal, athwale isipikili esimnandi.
Oshaka abahlukahlukene Ubukhulu obukhulu abufinyeleli.
Amagama ezinhlobo zalezi amadolobhana afaka igama lesiRussia elithi "inkunzi", yingakho kwesinye isikhathi edidaniswa nezinhlobo eziyingozi kubantu - ushaka ompunga.
Babizwa ngokuthi abahlukene-abanamazipho ngenxa yobungqabavu bokuklanywa kwemishini yamazinyo - emlonyeni woshaka kuhlukile ngokubukeka nosayizi wamazinyo.
Imvamisa babizwa ngokuthi banezimpondo noma abotshwe isigqoko. Igama elinjalo lenhlanzi elingajwayelekile labelwa oshaka abahlukene ngenxa yesimo senhloko enamakhanda amakhulu aphakeme.
Kwezinye izinhlobo, la ma-arcs aphakeme kakhulu futhi aveza okufana nezimpondo ezingajwayelekile.
Bukela ividiyo - U-Angel Shark uhlasele ushaka onezimpondo:
I-squamous Gill (Hexanchiformes) Order
Siqukethe imindeni emibili eyehluke ngesimo somzimba - u-eel-like oshaka abanamahloni ngaphambili nama-torpedo-like bendabuko kuma-gill amaningi. Yomibili le mindeni iboniswa ama-gill 6 noma ama-7 gill slits, inhlawulo eyodwa yedors kanye nokuba khona kwe-anal fin.
Babhekwa njengenye yezinhlanzi zakudala kakhulu nezasendulo.
Isici esibonakalayo soshaka abahlanganisiwe ngamazinyo amise okwenziwe ngomhlanga emhlathini ongezansi.
Oshaka abanamahloni abakwazi ukudideka nanoma yiziphi ezinye izidalwa - baziwa ngomzimba wabo onjenge-eel.
Bukela ividiyo - ushaka omnyama omnyama:
I-squad Lamiform (Lamniformes)
Ibandakanya imindeni engu-7, abameleli bayo boshaka abakhulu basolwandle abanomzimba omise ngethoshi.
Phakathi kwabamele lo mndeni, abanye badume kabi. I-Karharodon noma ushaka omhlophe, ama-mako shark ahlukaniswa ngokushesha kwawo, ukuba negazi nokuminza, okubenza babe yingozi kakhulu kubantu.
Njengokuphambene ngokuphelele bangumshini omkhulu. Umzimba owenziwe ngohlobo lwendunduma yi-planktophagus, efanayo nasendleleni eyondlayo ngayo ukuthola imikhomo ye-baleen.
Umndeni othakazelisa kakhulu we-oda yeLaminoid yiSkapanorinhovy noma i-goblin shark (shark-brownie). Lezi izinhlanzi zasendulo impela, ezingandile futhi ezingafundiswanga kahle, ezinesigaxa eside esithambile esinomhlathi oshukumisayo oqhubekela phambili.
Zonke lezi zidlamlilo ezibonakala zihluke ngokuphelele zihlanganiswe yizici ezijwayelekile ekwakhekeni komzimba kanye nokufana okuphawulekayo ezingeni lofuzo.
Bukela ividiyo - IGoblin Shark:
Iqembu le-Wobbegong-like (Orectolobiformes)
Ukuchithwa kufaka phakathi imindeni engu-7.
Bahlukaniswa yizinhlobo eziyindilinga zomzimba, ikhanda, izikhumba nobushelelezi bezindlela, ngokungafani nokubukeka njengoshaka wasendulo.
Amalungu amaningi alo mkhonto aqala indlela yokuphila ephansi, futhi okuwukuphela kukhulu wabasakazi besimanje, i-whale, yizinhlanzi ze-pelagic. Idla izidlo ezinhlobonhlobo ze-planktonic nezinhlanzi ezincane zokufunda.
Bukela ividiyo - Ukuzingela Ikhabethe leWobbegong Shark:
I-Sawtooth Order (Pristiophoriformes)
Iqembu elithile loshaka, elihlukaniswa yisicubu eside se-sawtooth esinamazinyo amakhulu aseceleni.
Ngokungazi, laba shaka bavame ukudidaniswa ne-sawfish, engeyama-stingrays.
Ngokungeziwe kwe-xiphoid snout, abamele ukungahambi kahle banezibonakaliso ezihlukile: ubukhona bebhokisi lezimpondo ezinde ngaphansi kwesihlwitha, lisebenza njengelinye lezitho ezithintekayo, kanye nokungabikho kwe-anal fin.
Njengabo bonke oshaka abangaphansi, ama-pilonos asungule izithombo zokufakelwa - isitho sokuphefumula esisizayo.
Bukela ividiyo mayelana noshaka oshaka:
Amaqembu esikwele
Abamele lesi sigcawu nabo banomzimba wokuqala woshaka, okusikhumbuza kakhulu ama-stingrays.
Kepha ukufana kuphela. Lezi zinhlanzi zingoshaka bangempela abanezimpawu ze-morphological ezihlukile kuzo. Kwaqhamuka umzimba othambile namaphinifa wokuphamba akhulisiwe phakathi kokuvela kokuziphendukela kwemvelo njengendlela yokuzivumelanisa nendlela yokuphila ephansi.
Bukela ividiyo - I-Angel Shark:
1. EP - iqembu le-epipelagic
Kubandakanya oshaka abakhulu kakhulu abaphilayo nabasazekayo e-ovoviviparous atholakala olwandle oluvulekile kude nolwandle ngokujula kwamamitha ayi-100 ukuya kwangama-200.
Siqukethe amaqembu amancane amabili: I-EP1 - ukondla ngeplankton usebenzisa ukuhlunga kwamanzi ne-EP2 - izinyamazane eziyingozi.
Abamele i-EP1 bangabadobi abakhulu, abakhulu kakhulu kunabo bonke oshaka futhi, ngokuvamile, izinhlanzi - ushaka whale. Izifo zabo, njengokuthi "inetha lokuloba", zihlunga amanzi olwandle, zimunca yonke into edliwayo.
I-EP2 ifaka phakathi okwesibhakabhaka, izimpungushe, oshaka be-herring.
2. N - i-neritic, noma iqembu eshalofini
Inama-shark a-live noma ama-ovoviviparous angamamitha ayi-1-3, ahlala ezindaweni ezingasogwini ngokujula okungajulile,kepha kwesinye isikhathi sibhukuda siye olwandle oluvulekile noma emifuleni emikhulu.
Isibonelo, oshaka abampunga bangabhukuda bude bude bude bude futhi bangakhe namaqembu angapheli lapho. Bondla izinhlanzi zesikole. Ngokuyisisekelo, kuleli qembu, oshaka abavela ku-Karhariformes oda.
3. P - iqembu labasakazi abangamanzi acwebile asondelene ne-neritic
Imvamisa, ukuhlala emanzini amasha koshaka kungokwesikhashana futhi kwenzeka lapho izinhlobo zasolwandle zibhukuda zingene emilonyeni yemifula ngamanzi amasha noma akade abekiwe. Lezi zinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 zohlobo lwempunga, mustel ne prickly shark.
Kunezinhlobo ezingakwazi ukuhlala kulwandlekazi kanye nasemfuleni noma echibini lamanzi amasha.
Izinhlobo ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuthi yi-euryhaline (kusuka kwelamaGreek elithi "eurys" - ububanzi kanye nama-halinos - usawoti), okungukuthi, ziguqulwe ukuze ziphile ngosawoti wamanzi amaningi.
Lokhu kufaka ushaka ogundayo, kuwushaka wezinkabi otholakala eSouth American Amazon, Indian Ganges, e-Zambezi yase-Afrika, kanye naseCentral American Lake Nicaragua.
Zimbalwa kakhulu izinhlobo zohlobo loshaka ezihlala njalo zihlala emanzini amasha. Ukwenza isibonelo, eMfuleni iGanges ungahlangana nommeleli womndeni woshaka we-grey - ushaka ongumfula waseNdiya.
Oshaka abangamanzi ahlanzekile bakhetha amanzi afudumele ezifunda lapho kunendawo ezishisayo. Izindawo ezisenyakatho kakhulu lapho zingatholakala khona imifula yePortugal neNyakatho Melika. Ubukhulu bujwayelekile kakhulu (amamitha ayi-1-3). Esakhiweni akukho mehluko oyisisekelo ovela ezinhlanzini zasolwandle.
7. D - iqembu labasakazi abasebancane abaphansi
Oshaka abasebasha abancane abancane, abahlala ezansi eduze nogu, baningi kakhulu kunenani labantu kanye nezinhlobo.
Zonke lezi zishaka zibonakaliswa ngumzimba ocindezelwe endaweni eyi-dorso-isisu, ukujula kwamaphini we-pectoral kanye nesivinini sokubhukuda okuphansi. Bazondla ngama-benthos - izidalwa ezingezansi.
Iqembu lihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ama-3 amancane:
- I-D1 - ikati ishaha ngomqondo othuthuke kakhulu.
- I-D2 - oshaka bekhaphethi, lapho zonke izinzwa zithuthukiswa kahle kakhulu, kepha ikakhulukazi ukuzwela kwesikhumba.
- I-D3 - ama-pilonos nezingelosi, zangaphandle zifana ne-stingrays.
10. I-PP - iqembu labasakazi abasezingeni eliphansi
Zihlala kude nasogwini kwikholamu yamanzi ekujuleni okuhlukile kuye ngesizini. Iqembu lifaka izinhlobo ezithile ze-feline, prickly kanye noshaka abangakwesokudla.
Siyabona ukuthi zonke izinhlobo zoshaka zizivumelanise ngokuphelele nokuphila ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zolwandle nolwandle, okuzobavumela ukuthi baqhubeke ngokuzala nokukhiqiza ngempumelelo ezindaweni ezinkulu zamanzi, ngaphandle kwalapho lokhu kuvinjelwe ngabantu.
Umndeni: Carcharhinidae - Grey Shark (Shidi Shark)
IGenus: Carcharhinus - Grey Shark
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus acronotus - oshaka abamnyama
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus albimarginatus - iBelopera grey shark (iShark-tip shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus altimus - Shark-ekhaleni elikhulu (isigaxa esikhulu sekhala)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus amblyrhynchoides - Oshaka abanomusa
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos - Shark-Grey Shark (Shark omnyama omsila omnyama)
- Izinhlobo: I-Carcharhinus amboinensis - I-Grey Shark (Pig-eye shark).
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus borneensis - I-Borneo grey shark (i-Borneo shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus brachyurus - Shark yezinyo (Shark Copark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus brevipinna - iDemo ye-greyar esebenzayo (iSpinner shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus cautus - Shy Shark (Shark Shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus cerdale - ushaka omncane wasePacific
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus coatesi - ushaka kaCoates
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus dussumieri - ushaka waseCoromandel (ushaka omhlophe)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus falciformis - Ushaka oshaka (uSilky shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus fitzroyensis - Creek whaler
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus galapagensis - ushaka waseGalapagos (oshaka waseGalapagos)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus hemiodon - ushaka wasebusuku wase-Indochinese (Pondicherry shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus humani - Shark Womuntu (Shark Yomuntu Whaler)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus isodon - Shark-Toothed Shark (Fine-izinyo shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus leiodon Garrick - Ushaka omnyama opholile
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus leucas - Bull Shark
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus limbatus - ushaka omnyama
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus longimanus - ushaka omude (ushaka wolwandle i-Oceanic white shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus macloti - Indian Night Shark (Hard-nose shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus melanopterus - Ushaka wasebusuku waseMalgash (ushaka omnyama wethanga)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus obscurus - Shark Omnyama (ushaka kaDusky)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus perezi - ICaribbean reark shark (iCaribbean reef shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus plumbeus - Olwa mpunga ngombala oluhlaza (i-Sandbar shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus porosus - Ushaka omfishane
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus sealei - I-Sale-Grey Shark (ushaka omnyama)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus signatus - Ushaka wasebusuku waseCuba (Ushaka wasebusuku)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus sorrah - Shark Grey-brown (Spot-umsweli shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus tilstoni - ushaka omnyama wase-Australia
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus tjutjot - ushaka omncane wase-Indonesia (shark whaler shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharhinus sp.A - Ushaka omncane omfishane
Uhlobo lweGen: Galeocerdo - Tiger Shark
- Buka: UGaleocerdo cuvier - iTiger shark (Tiger shark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Glyphis - IGrey Shark
- Buka: IGlyphis fowlerae - iBarneo river shark (iBarneo Mukah shark river)
- Izinhlobo: Glyphis gangeticus - Ushaka wamaGange, noma ushaka wase-Asiatic gark, noma ushaka ongumfula waseNdiya (iGarks shark)
- Buka: IGlyphis garricki - ushaka wasemfuleni waseNyakatho
- Izinhlobo: Glyphis glyphis - I-Common Grey Shark (Spear-izinyo shark)
- Izinhlobo: Glyphis siamensis - ushaka wamanzi angaphansi kuka-Irrawaddy (ushaka wase-Irrawaddy shark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Isogomphodon - Oshaywe Ababhali
- Izinhlobo: Isogomphodon oxyrhynchus - Spiky Nose Shark (Dagger-nose shark)
Uhlobo lokuzalwa: AmaLamiopsis - Wide-Shark
- Izinhlobo: Lamiopsis temminckii - Broad-shark (Broad-fin shark)
- Izinhlobo: Lamiopsis tephrodes - I-Borneo Broad-shark (iBarneo Broadfin shark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Loxodon - Ama-Grey Shark Grey Shark
- Izinhlobo: Loxodon macrorhinus - Grey Shark Grey Shark (Slit-eye shark)
IGenus: INasolamia - AmaShayina Amhlophe
- Izinhlobo: Nasolamia velox - IPanamanian Shark (White-nose shark)
IGenus: Negaprion - Tooth Shark
- Izinhlobo: Negaprion acutidens - IMadagascar Sharp Tooth Shark (Sickle-fin lemon shark)
- Izinhlobo: Negaprion brevirostris - ushaka weLemon (ushaka weLemon)
Uhlobo lwebele: Prionace - Blue Shark
- Izinhlobo: Prionace glauca - ushaka ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma ushaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma u-mocha (Blue shark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: i-Rhizoprionodon - ama-Shark ama-Long-nosed
- Izinhlobo: Rhizoprionodon acutus - Ushaka omude (uphawu lobisi)
- Izinhlobo: Rhizoprionodon lalandii - Ushaka omude waseBrazil (ushaka waseBrazil)
- Izinhlobo: Rhizoprionodon longurio - Panama Long-Mouth Shark (Pacific sharpnose shark)
- Izinhlobo: Rhizoprionodon oligolinx - Grey Longnose Shark (Grey sharpnose shark)
- Izinhlobo: Rhizoprionodon porosus - ushaka weCaribbean sharpnose
- Izinhlobo: Rhizoprionodon taylori - shark wase-Australia
- Izinhlobo: Rhizoprionodon terraenovae - ushaka omude waseMelika (ushaka we-Atlantic sharpnose)
Uhlobo lwenhlobo: IScoliodon - oshaka abahlotshisiwe
- Izinhlobo: Scoliodon laticaudus - ushaka ophuzi ophuzi (Shark-nose shark)
- Izinhlobo: Scoliodon macrorhynchos - Pacific shark papa okhombe (uParadise spadenose shark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Triaenodon - Reef Shark
- Izinhlobo: Triaenodon obesus - Reef Shark (White-tip reef shark)
Umndeni: UHemigaleidae - oshaka abakhulu (oswazi be-Weasel)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Chaenogaleus - Ama-Big-toed Shark
- Izinhlobo: Chaenogaleus macrostoma - ushaka omkhulu onamehlo, noma ushaka omkhulu we-Indian Ocean, noma ushaka omkhulu waseMalaan (oshaka shark).
IGenus: UHemigaleus - AmaShayina Ama-Big-Eyed
- Izinhlobo: Hemigaleus australiensis - ushaka omfushane wase-Australia (ushaka wase-Australia weasel)
- Izinhlobo: Hemigaleus microstoma - ushaka omkhulu we-Indo-Malayan shark (Sickle-fin weasel shark)
Uhlobo lokuzalwa: Hemipristis - Indian Grey Shark
- Izinhlobo: Hemipristis elongata - ushaka wase-Indian grey (uSnaggle-izinyo shark)
Uhlobo lokuzalwa: I-Paragaleus - Ama-Striped Shark
- Izinhlobo: I-Paragaleus leucolomatus - uBelopera onemichilo (ushaka omhlophe we-White-tip weasel)
- Izinhlobo: Paragaleus pectoralis - ushaka omfushane wase-Atlantic, noma ushaka ophuzi onemibala (ushaka weasel shark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Paragaleus randalli - i-Graceful Striped Shark (i-Slender weasel shark)
- Izinhlobo: Paragaleus tengi - ushaka wemichilo waseShayina (uSraight-weasel shark) oqondile
Umndeni: I-Proscylliidae - Imichilo Yekati Elinemichilo (I-Finback catmark
Uhlobo lwe-Genus: I-Ctenacis - I-Harlequin Shark
- Izinhlobo: Ctenacis fehlmanni - ISomalia Harlequin Shark (i-Harlequin catshark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Eridacnis - Tape Shark
- Izinhlobo: I-Eridacnis barbouri - ushaka waseCuba, noma ushaka we-Cuba, noma ushaka we-pygmy ocijile (ishubhu le-Cuban ribbontail)
- Izinhlobo: Eridacnis radcliffei - Indian Ribbon Shark (Pygmy ribbontail catshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Eridacnis sinuans - I-Ribbon Shark yaseNingizimu Afrika (iklabishi lase-African ribbontail)
- Izinhlobo: Eridacnis sp.X - UPhilippine Ribbon Shark (iklabishi le-Philippines ribbontail)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Proscyllium - Imichilo Yekati Elinemichilo
- Izinhlobo: Proscyllium habereri - Imichilo yekati eshadiwe (I-catshark enomusa)
- Izinhlobo: Proscyllium magnificum - I-Indian tabby cat shark (i-Catshark enhle kakhulu)
- Izinhlobo: Proscyllium venustum - I-Pacific tabby cat shark (ikati lasePacific)
Umndeni: I-Pseudotriakidae - Ama-catshark wamanga
Uhlobo lwe-genus: IGollum - oshaka beNew Zealand
- Izinhlobo: I-Gollum attenuatus - Inhlonipho Yamanga Shark (I-Slender smooth-hound)
- Izinhlobo: Gollum suluensis - Sul pseudo inyanga shark (Sulu gollumshark)
- Izinhlobo: Gollum sp.B - I-Spotted Fal-shark (I-gollumshark emhlophe emhlophe)
IGenus: I-Planonasus - oshaka bakaPseudomonas
- Izinhlobo: Planonasus parini - Catwarark yamanga
Uhlobo lwebele: I-Pseudotriakis - AmaFood Tooth Shark Amahle
- Izinhlobo: Pseudotriakis microdon - AmaFood Tooth Shark Amahle (i-catshark yamanga)
Umndeni: Scyliorhinidae - Cat Shark (Catshark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Apristurus - Ama-Black Cat Shark
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus albisoma - I-catshark emhlophe emhlophe
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus ampliceps - I-Rough-letlalo catshark
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus aphyode - Phantom Cat Shark (I-White ghost catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus australis - I-Nosed Cat Shark (I-Pinocchio catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus breviventralis - Fry cat shark (I-Short-belly catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus brunneus - uBrown wekati
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus bucephalus - I-Big-head catshark
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus canutus - I-Antilles black cat shark (i-Hoary catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus exsanguis - I-Lazy Cat Shark (I-Flaccid catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus fedorovi - Catshark's catshark
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus garricki - Catshark kaGarrick
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus gibbosus - Humpback catshark
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus herklotsi - Ufishi wekati elimnyama lasePhilippine (ikati eliphakeme)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus inkomba - Indian Black Cat Shark (I-amancane-belly catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus internatus - Ikati lamademoni elifushane nekhala
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus umphenyi - Ikati elibanzi lekhala
- Izinhlobo zezinto: Apristurus japonicus - Ushaka wekati omnyama waseJapan (ikati laseJapan)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus kampae - ICalifornia Black Cat Shark (ikati elikhulukazi)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus laurussonii - ushaka wekati omnyama wase-Iceland (ikati lase-Iceland)
- Izinhlobo: I-Apristurus longicephalus - ikati lomkhombe omkhulu omnyama (ikhati elibomvu)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus macrorhynchus - Long-eared Black Cat Shark (Flat-head catshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Apristurus macrostomus - Ushaka wekati lomlomo obanzi (i-Broad-mouth catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus manis - Ghost omnyama ikati ushaka (Ghost catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus melanoasper - I-black deepscale catshark
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus microps - I-catshark emnyama enamehlo amancane
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus micropterygeus - I-Narrow-fin cat shark (ikati elincanyana le-dorsal)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus nakayai - Ushaka wekati onamehlo amhlophe (I-Milk-eye catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus nasutus - Ukati wekati lomnyama omnyama (ikati elibanzi lekhala)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus parvipinnis - Ushaka wekati lomfishane omfishane (ikati elincane)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus pinguis - I-Fat catshark
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus platyrhynchus - Ushaka wekati lomlungu omnyama (Flneo catshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Apristurus profundorum - I-Humpback Shark, noma ikati elibanzi le-Deep-water
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus riveri - Cuban Black Cat Shark (I-Broad-gill catshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Apristurus saldanha - Isaka lekati laseNingizimu Afrika (iSaldanha catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus sibogae - Makassar Black Cat Shark (Pale catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus sinensis - Chinese Black Cat Shark (South China catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus spongiceps - I-spongy black cat shark (iSponge-head catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Apristurus stenseni - IPanama Black Cat Shark (I-Panama ghost catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Catristark ka-Apristurus sp.X Galbraith
- Buka: I-Apristurus sp.3 - i-Ink kanye ne-black cat shark (ikati elimnyama elimnyama)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Asymbolus - i-Australia Shaka Cat Shark
- Izinhlobo: Asymbolus analis - Catshark yase-Australia ebonakalayo
- Izinhlobo: Asymbolus funebris - Isikhala Sikati Shark (I-blatchched catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Asymbolus galacticus - I-Galactic Feline Shark (I-Starry catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Asymbolus occiduus - I-catshark yase-Western ebonakalayo
- Izinhlobo: Asymbolus pallidus - Catmarkark Palemark
- Izinhlobo: Asymbolus parvus - Darkf catark shark (Dwarf catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Asymbolus rubiginosus - I-catshark ye-Orange ebonakalayo
- Izinhlobo: Asymbolus submaculatus - Catshark Variegated
- Izinhlobo: Asymbolus vincenti - I-Tasmanian Spotted Cat Shark (i-Gulf catshark)
IGenus: Atelomycterus - Coral Cat Shark
- Izinhlobo: Atelomycterus baliensis - Balinese coral cat shark (Bali catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Atelomycterus erdmanni - Isikhumba sikashaka wekati (Spotted-belly catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Atelomycterus fasciatus - Ushaka wekati wamakhorali weSand (banded sand catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Atelomycterus macleayi - Ushaka wekati wamakhorali wase-Australia (ikati lase-Australia elibambekile)
- Izinhlobo: Atelomycterus marmoratus - Indian coral cat shark (coral catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Atelomycterus marnkalha - I-Eastern banded catshark
IGenus: Aulohalaelurus - Spiny Cat Shark
- Izinhlobo: I-Aulohalaelurus kanakorum - Umshini wekati waseCaledonia (Kanakorum catshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Aulohalaelurus labiosus - ikati elibambe amabala amnyama (ushaka wekati olumnyama)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Bythaelurus - Amakati Amnyama Ama-Cat Shark
- Izinhlobo: Bythaelurus alcockii - Catshark wase-Arabia
- Izinhlobo: I-Bythaelurus canescens - I-Twilight Cat Shark (i-Dusky catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Bythaelurus clevai - I-Broad-head catshark
- Izinhlobo: Bythaelurus dawsoni - Newark cat shark (New Zealand catshark)
- Buka: I-Bythaelurus giddingsi - I-Galapagos cat shark (Galapagos catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Ngu-Bythaelurus hispidus - uBarkly cat shark (uBristly catshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Bythaelurus immaculatus - I-Monotonous Cat Shark (i-Spot-less catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Bythaelurus incanus - Grim Cat Shark (Sombre catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Bythaelurus lutarius - Dark Cat Shark (Mud catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Bythaelurus naylori - Tawny cat shark (Dusky-snout catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Bythaelurus tenuicephalus - I-catshark ekhanda iNarrow
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Cephaloscyllium - AmaShark Akhanda
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium albipinnum - i-White-fin swellshark
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium cooki - Okubomvu okwenziwe yiShark Shark Shark (Swellshark)
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium fasciatum - Shark-ikhanda oshaka (i-swellshark eyakhiwe kabusha)
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium formosanum - IThailand Shark Shark (iForosa swellshark)
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium hiscosellum - I-Australia Striped Great Shark (i-swellshark yase-Australia)
- Izinhlobo: I-Cephaloscyllium isabellum - ushaka ophethwe ikati, noma ushaka wezinhlamvu, noma oshaka oyiJapan (Shark shark shark)
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium laticeps - I-Australia-Great Shark (i-swellshark yase-Australia)
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium pardelotum - Ushaka ophethwe yiLeopard (i-swellshark ebonwe nguLeopard)
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium pictum - Ushaka omkhulu onekhanda elikhulu (isikebhe esenziwe ngopende)
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium sarawakensis - I-Malay Dwarf Swelling Shark (iSarawak pygmy swellshark)
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium signourum - I-Broad-tailed Dove Shark (i-Flag-tail swellshark)
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium silasi - Indian Great Shark (Indian swellshark)
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium speccum - Ushaka omkhulu osekhanda (Sharkshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Cephaloscyllium stevensi - i-swellshark kaSteven
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium adelans - Oshaka bekhanda abakhulu (iBhaluni shark)
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium umbratile - Shark-ikhanda oshaka (Blotchy swellshark)
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium mosagatum - Brokeback Shark (Swellshark Saddled)
- Izinhlobo: I-Cephaloscyllium ventriosum - ushaka waseCalifornian oshaka, noma oshaka beCalifornian oshaka (Swellshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Cephaloscyllium zebrum - Shark-ekhanda i-swarkshark shark (i-Narrow-bar swellshark)
- Izinhlobo: Cephaloscyllium sp. 1 - U-swarkshark swark shark (Philippines swellshark)
IGenus: I-Cephalurus - AmaShark amakhulu-amakhulu
- Izinhlobo: Cephalurus cephalus - ushaka omkhulu waseCaliforni (oshishi beLollipop)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Figaro - Sawtails
- Ukubuka: I-Figaro boardmani - uphawu lomkhumbi lwase-Australia
- Izinhlobo: Figaro striatus - Catshark yaseNyakatho
Uhlobo lwebele: Galeus - Sawtails
- Izinhlobo: Galeus antillensis - I-Antilles Sawtail (i-Antilles catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Galeus arae - I-Rough-umsila wekati
- Izinhlobo: Galeus atlanticus - i-Atlantic catalog
- Izinhlobo: I-Galeus cadenati - Isikhumulo sezindiza eside
- Izinhlobo: Galeus empmani - Chinese Sawtail (Gecko catshark)
- Ukubuka: I-Galeus gracilis - I-Graceful Sawtail (i-Slender sawark catshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Galeus longirostris - Umkhathazi omude wekhala
- Izinhlobo: Galeus melastomus - ISawtail Shark yaseSpain, noma iklabishi lomlomo omnyama
- Izinhlobo: Galeus mincaronei - Catshark eseNingizimu
- Izinhlobo: Galeus murinus - I-Icelandic Sawtail (I-Mouse catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Galeus nipponensis - I-Sawtail yaseJapan (ikati elibanzi le-sawware)
- Izinhlobo: Galeus piperatus - I-California Sawtail (I-Peppered catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Galeus polli - uphawu lomkhumbi lwase-Afrika
- Izinhlobo: Galeus priapus - I-Thick Sawtail (I-Phallic catshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Galeus sauteri - I-Taiwan Sawtail (I-black-tip sawark catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Galeus schultzi - uPhilippine Sawtail (umakishi wezinqola zeDwarf)
- Izinhlobo: Galeus springeri - Isikhiphi semarkark sikaSpringer
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Halaelurus - Ama-Spotted Shark
- Izinhlobo: I-Halaelurus boesemani - I-Freckled Shark (I-Catshark Ecacisiwe)
- Izinhlobo: I-Halaelurus buergeri - ushaka obonwe nguJapan, noma uBurger ikati loshaka (iklabishi elimnyama)
- Izinhlobo: I-Halaelurus lineatus - Shark Strot Spark Shark (I-Lush catshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Halaelurus maculosus - ushaka obonakalayo wase-Indonesia (ikati elibanzi lase-Indonesia)
- Izinhlobo: I-Halaelurus natalensis - I-Tiger ebonakalayo ushaka (i-Tiger catshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Halaelurus quagga - Isigaxa se-quagga shark esiyi-(Quagga catshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Halaelurus selus - Ushaka obomvu obonakalayo (i-Rusty catshark)
IGenus: Haploblepharus - South African Cat Shark
- Izinhlobo: Haploblepharus edwardsii - Viper South African Cat Shark (Puffadder shyshark)
- Izinhlobo: Haploblepharus fuscus - uBrown South Cat Cat (Shark brownshark)
- Izinhlobo: Haploblepharus kistnasamyi - Quasul Cat Shark (Natali shark)
- Buka: I-Haploblepharus pictus - I-Namibian cat shark (I-Dark shshark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: IHhalahalaelurus - ama-African Spotted Shark
- Izinhlobo: IHhalahalaelurus favus - i-Cellular Spark Shark (i-Honey-comb catshark)
- Izinhlobo: IHhalahalaelurus grennian - I-Grinning Spark Shark (i-grinning cat shark)
- Izinhlobo: IHhalahalaelurus melanostigma - Weark Spotted Shark (I-Catshark ekhalayo)
- Izinhlobo: IHhalahalaelurus punctatus - I-African Spotted Shark (ikati elimhlophe elimhlophe)
- Izinhlobo: IHhalahalaelurus regani - Isikebhe sikaReggan Spark (Izak catshark)
Uhlobo lwebele: Parmaturus - Feline Shark-Parmaturus
- Izinhlobo: Parmaturus albimarginatus - I-White-tip catshark
- Izinhlobo: Parmaturus albipenis - Condom Shark-Parmaturus (I-White-clasper catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Parmaturus bigus - Beige shark-parmaturus (Beige catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Parmaturus campechiensis - Yucatan Feline Shark-Parmaturus (Campeche catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Parmaturus lanatus - I-Velvet shark-parmaturus (i-Velvet catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Parmaturus macmillani - catshark kaMcMillan
- Izinhlobo: Parmaturus melanobranchus - I-South China Feline Shark-Parmaturus (ikati elimnyama)
- Izinhlobo: Parmaturus pilosus - I-Feline Shark-Parmaturus yaseJapan (i-Salamander catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Parmaturus xaniurus - I-California Feline Shark Parmaturus (ikati le-file-cat)
- Izinhlobo: Parmaturus sp. 1 - I-Humpback Fline Shark-Parmaturus (i-Rough-back catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Parmaturus sp.2 - Ikati le-Indonesia shark-parmaturus (ikati le-fayela lase-Indonesia)
- Izinhlobo: Parmaturus sp.3 - Ikati laseMexico shark-parmaturus (I-Gulf yaseMexico catarkark)
IGenus: IPentanchus - Ama-Cat Shark Ama-single-fin
- Izinhlobo: Pentanchus profundicolus - I-One-Fin catshark
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Poroderma - Shark Shline Shark
- Izinhlobo: Poroderma africanum - Imfishi yekati eshisiwe, noma imicu yekati yase-Afrika (Striped catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Poroderma pantherinum - Leopard whiskered cat shark (Leopard catshark)
IGenus: Schroederichthys - Spotted Feline Shark
- Izinhlobo: Schroederichthys bivius - I-Narsh-mouthed catshark
- Izinhlobo: Schroederichthys chilensis - Umati wekati waseChile, noma ishagi lekati laseChile (ikati elibomvu)
- Izinhlobo: Schroederichthys maculatus - Isikhala sikashaka wekati (i-Narrow-tail catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Schroederichthys saurisqualus - Lizard catshark
- Izinhlobo: Schroederichthys tenuis - I-Slender catshark
Uhlobo lwenhlobo: Scyliorhinus - Cat Shark
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus besnardi - Uruguayan Cat Shark (Polkadot Catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus boa - ICaribbean ikaka shark (I-Boa catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus cabofriensis - Shark lekati laseBrazil
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus canicula, noma i-Common Cat shark, noma ushaka omncane wezinqola, noma ushaka wekati waseYurophu, noma inja yasolwandle (uphawu oluncane)
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus capensis - ushaka wase-South Africa fark shark, noma uphawu lwe-Yellow-amabala
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus cervigoni - Intshontsho laseNtshonalanga Afrika
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus comoroensis - I-Comorian cat shark (Comoro catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus garmani - I-catshark enamabala ansundu
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus haeckelii - IBrazil Cat Shark (I-catshark efakiwe)
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus hesperius - I-Central American Cat Shark (ikati elimhlophe elimhlophe)
- Buka: IScyliorhinus meadi - ushaka wekati waseBahamian (iklabishi elishonile)
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus retifer - Ikati ushaka, noma inja yolwandle enetheni, noma ushaka wekati waseMexico (uChain catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus stellaris - I-Star cat shark, noma ikati elikhulu labanekati, noma inja yolwandle (Nurshound)
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus tokubee - Izu catshark
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus torazame - IJapan Cat Shark (I-Cloudy catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus torrei - Ushaka wekati waseCuba, noma uFark Cat Shark (Dwarf catshark)
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus ugoi - Isikebhe sekati loshizi (ikati elibusayo elimnyama)
- Izinhlobo: Scyliorhinus sp.X - I-catshark ka-Oakley
Umndeni: I-Sphyrnidae - oshaka beHammerhead
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Eusphyra - Inhlanzi enamakhanda amakhulu angenamikhono
- Izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo: I-Eusphyra blochii - Inhlanzi eyindilinga ekhanda elawulwa ngesando (iWing-head shark)
Uhlobo lwebele: Sphyrna - Hammerhead fish, noma isando sesando
- Izinhlobo: I-Eusphyra blochii - Ushaka omkhulu osekhanda we-hammerhead (iWinghead Shark)
- Izinhlobo: Sphyrna corona - Izimbali ezi-Round-ikhanda elibunjiwe (iBalloped bonnethead)
- Izinhlobo: Sphyrna lewini - Inhlanzi yethusi ye-bronze yesando (Scammoped hammerhead)
- Izinhlobo: Abezindaba zeSphyrna - oshaka wePanama-Caribe we-hammerhead (Scoop-head hammerhead)
- Izinhlobo: Sphyrna mokarran - Giant Hammerhead Shark (Isando esikhulu)
- Izinhlobo: Sphyrna tiburo - Ushaka omfishane omfishane osekhanda, noma ishaka
- Izinhlobo zezinto: ISphyrna tuds - I-Little-eye Giant Hammerhead Shark
- Izinhlobo: Sphyrna zygaena - I-Common Hammerhead Shark (iSmooth hammerhead)
Umndeni: Triakidae - Cunny Shark (Houndshark)
Uhlobo lwenhlobo: Furgaleus - Mustachioed Cun Shark
- Izinhlobo: Furgaleus macki - Whiskered Shark (Whiskery shark)
Uhlobo lokuzalwa: Galeorhinus - I-Soup Shark
- Izinhlobo: Galeorhinus galeus - isobho shark (uTope shark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Gogolia - Gogolia
- Buka: I-Gogolia filewoodi - Gogolia (Sail-back houndshark)
Uhlobo lwebele: Hemitriakis - I-Soup Shark
- Izinhlobo: I-Hemitriakis abdita - i-houndshark enamanzi ajulile
- Izinhlobo: Hemitriakis complicofasciata - Isobho Shark (Spellted Soup Shark (Ocellate topeshark)
- Izinhlobo: Hemitriakis falcata - I-Crescent Sark Shark (iSickle-fin houndshark)
- Izinhlobo: Hemitriakis indroyonoi - I-Indonesi Sark Shark (i-Indonesia houndshark)
- Izinhlobo: Hemitriakis japanica - I-Japan Soup Shark (topeshark yaseJapan)
- Izinhlobo: I-Hemitriakis leucoperiptera - ushaka wesobho wasePhilippine (White-fin topeshark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Hypogaleus - ama-Notched Shark
- Izinhlobo: Hypogaleus hyugaensis - Black-tip toothed shark (iBlue-tip tope)
- Buka: I-Iago garricki - u-Iago Garrick (i-long-nose houndshark)
- Izinhlobo: Iago omanensis - u-Omani Iago, noma u-Iago we-Big-eye (Big-eye houndshark)
- Izinhlobo: Iago sp.A - I-Aden shark Iago (i-aden houndshark)
IGenus: Mustelus - Common Cun Shark
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus albipinnis - White-margin fin houndshark
- Izinhlobo: I-mustelus antarcticus - i-coon shark yase-Australia (i-Gummy shark)
- Izinhlobo: I-mustelus asterias - ushaka onenkanyezi, (onenkanyezi ebushelelezi)
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus calindowsicus - California Cunny Shark, noma Grey Cunny Shark (Grey smooth-hound)
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus canis - American Cun Shark, noma American Inja Shark (Dusky bushelelezi-hound)
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus canis insularis - ICaribbean Coon Shark (ICaribbean bushelelezi)
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus dorsalis - Peruvian Cun Shark (Sharp-izinyo bushelelezi-hound)
- Izinhlobo: I-mustelus fasciatus - Imichilo ebushelelezi eyi-coony shark (Imicu ebushelelezi-hound)
- Izinhlobo: I-Mustelus griseus - I-Spark e-Sharker engaphansi
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus henlei - brown bushelelezi
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus higmani - I-small-eye-hound-hound
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus lenticulatus - New Zealand coon shark (Spotted estuary bushelelezi-hound)
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus lunulatus - Shark-Shark-Shark-Shound-Shound
- Izinhlobo: I-Mustelus manazo - i-Asia Kunya shark, noma ushaka waseJapan Kunya
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus mabadnsis - Mfish Kunya shark (Mangalore houndshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Mustelus mento - I-chun shark yaseChile (Icacisiwe ngokushelela)
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus minicanis - I-shark cunny shark (iDwarf-hound-hound)
- Izinhlobo: I-Mustelus mosis - ushaka obushelelezi wase-Arabian
- Izinhlobo: I-mustelus mustelus - i-European coon shark, noma i-shark-inja ejwayelekile (i-ejwayelekile ejwayelekile
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus norrisi - Florida coon shark (Narrow-fin bushelelezi-hound)
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus palumbes - ICape Cun Shark (Indawo emhlophe ebushelelezi)
- Izinhlobo: I-mustelus punctulatus - iMarkon coon shark (emnyama-ebanzi-hound-hound)
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus ravidus - Grey Coony Shark wase-Australia (i-Australia grey bushelelezi)
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus schmitti - I-Narrow-nose-hound-hound
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus sinusmexicanus - Coastal coon shark (iGulf-hound-hound)
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus stevensi - Ushaka obonakalayo waseNtshona
- Ukubuka: I-mustelus walkeri - i-shammy shark yase-Eastern ebonakalayo
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus whitneyi - Humpback oshaka omuhle (uHumpback-hound-hound)
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus widodoi - White-fin bushelelezi-hound
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus sp 1 - Sarawak bushelelezi
- Izinhlobo: Mustelus sp. 2 - Kermadek coon shark (iKermadec-hound-hound)
IGenus: Scylliogaleus - Lilac Shark
- Izinhlobo: Scylliogaleus quecketti - ILilac Shark (Flap-nose houndshark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: i-Triakis - oshaka be-trident, noma oshaka be-trident
- Izinhlobo: Triakis acutipinna - ushaka we-Ecuadorian trark shark (Sharp-fin houndshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Triakis maculata - ushaka wesikebhe wasePeru, noma oshaka owonakele (Spotted houndshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Triakis megalopterus - iCape tripod shark (Sharp-izinyo houndshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Triakis scyllium - Shark strident shark, noma sharkun toothed cunny shark (banded houndshark)
- Izinhlobo: Triakis semifasciata - ushaka weCalifornia, noma ushaka obonwe ngotshani obomvu (ushaka weLeopard)
Umndeni: I-Heterodontidae - ama-Multi-Toothed Shark, noma ama-Bull Shark, noma ama-Horned Shark (ama-Bullhead oshaka)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Heterodontus - oshaka be-Bull, noma oshaka be-shaggy, noma oshaka abanophondo
- Izinhlobo: Heterodontus francisci - California Bull Shark (Horn shark)
- Izinhlobo: Heterodontus galeatus - Helmeted Bull Shark (uCrested bullhead shark)
- Izinhlobo: Heterodontus japonicus - Shark waseJapan (oshaka waseJapan)
- Izinhlobo: I-Heterodontus meoticanus - ushaka waseMexico inkunzi (iMarkico shark)
- Izinhlobo: Heterodontus omanensis - Ushaka ka-Omani inkunzi (Oman bullhead shark)
- Izinhlobo: Heterodontus portusjacksoni - i-Australia Bull Shark, noma i-Australia Horned Shark (iPark Jackson shark)
- Izinhlobo: Heterodontus quoyi - I-Peruvian Bull Shark (Galapagos bullhead shark)
- Izinhlobo: Heterodontus ramalheira - I-Bull Shark yaseMozambiki (ushaka obonwe ngumbala omhlophe)
- Izinhlobo: Heterodontus zebra - ushaka owenziwe ngoZebra, noma oshaka waseShayina, noma oshaka omfishane onemizila (iZebra bullhead shark)
- Izinhlobo: Heterodontus sp.X - Mysterious Bull Shark (Cryptic Hornshark)
Umndeni: I-Chlamydoselachidae - oshaka abasikiwe
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Chlamydoselachus - oshaka abaphethwe oshaka, noma iPlasma
- Izinhlobo: Chlamydoselachus africana - ushaka othosiwe wase-Afrika
- Izinhlobo: Chlamydoselachusaphatineus - Ushaka oshisiwe
Umndeni: Hexanchidae - oshaka abaningi, noma oshaka abatholakala (Cow oshaka)
IGenus: Heptranchias - Ama-Gill Shark ayisikhombisa, noma ama-Semi Gobers
- Izinhlobo: Heptranchias perlo - Ushaka oshaka abayisikhombisa (Shark-noseve sevengill shark)
IGenus: Hexanchus - oshaka abanamakhanda ayisithupha, noma oshaka abamagatsha ayisithupha
- Izinhlobo: Hexanchus griseus - ushaka onamagatsha ayisithupha, noma oshaka abamagatsha abathandathu, noma abasebenza ngamagatsha ayisithupha, noma ompunga abasebenza ngamagrey ayisithupha (Blunt-nose sixgill shark)
- Izinhlobo: Hexanchus nakamurai - Bigeyed shark eziyisithupha-gill
Uhlobo lwe-Genus: I-Notorynchus - oshaka abaphethwe yizimbali, noma amageyibheli amakati amfushane
- Izinhlobo: Notorynchus cepedianus - Shark osekhanda eline-gill eziyisikhombisa (Shaka le-sevengill shark elenziwe ngengubo)
Umndeni: Alopiidae - Fox Shark (Thresher oshaka)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Alopias - Fox Shark, noma uLwandle Foxes
- Izinhlobo: Alopias pelagicus - Pelagic fox shark, noma iPelagic sea fox (Pelagic thresher shark)
- Izinhlobo: Alopias superciliosus - Ushaka omkhulu we-fox shark, noma i-fox enkulukazi enamehlo amakhulu (ushaka omkhulu onamehlo amakhulu)
- Izinhlobo: Alopias vulpinus - Fox shark, noma fox sea (Thresher shark)
Umndeni: Lamnidae - oshaka bakaLlama, noma oshaka be-herring (oshaka beMackerel)
IGenus: Carcharodon - Great White Shark
- Izinhlobo: Carcharodon carcharias - Great White Shark, noma iCarkarodon (ushaka omkhulu omhlophe)
IGenus: Isurus - Mako Shark, noma Grey-Blue Shark
- Izinhlobo: Isurus oxyrinchus - uMark shark, noma ushaka omnyama, noma ushaka we-mackerel, noma oshaka obomvana (i-Short-fin mako)
- Izinhlobo: Isurus paucus - ama-Long-fin mako
IGenus: Lamna - Hfer Shark
- Izinhlobo: Lamna ditropis - ushaka wePacific herring, noma ushaka waseNyakatho Pacific, noma ushaka we-salmon (ushaka waseSalmon)
- Izinhlobo: Lamna nasus - ushaka we-Atlantic herark, noma i-lamina (Porbeagle shark)
Umndeni: Odontaspididae - AmaSand Shark (amaSand tiger oshaka)
Uhlobo lwebele: Carcharias - Tiger Sand Shark
- Izinhlobo: Carcharias taurus - I-Common Sand Shark (iSanti tiger shark)
- Izinhlobo: Carcharias tricuspidatus - ihlosi lesanti laseNdiya
Uhlobo lokuzalwa: I-Odontaspis - iSand Shark
- Izinhlobo: Odontaspis ferox - Shark-izinyo elincane lezinyo
- Izinhlobo: Odontaspis noronhai - Shark-iso sandgeger enkulu
Umndeni: Brachaeluridae - Saddle Shark (oshaka abayimpumputhe)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Brachaelurus - oshaka abachithachitheka
- Izinhlobo: Brachaelurus waddi - Spotted Saddle Shark (Blind shark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Heteroscyllium - oshaka abampunga abampunga
- Izinhlobo: I-Heteroscyllium colcloughi - ushaka osaladi ompunga ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-Blue-grey carpetshark)
Umndeni: Ginglymostomatidae - Whiskered Shark (Nurs shark)
IGenus: Ginglymostoma - Nanny Shark
- Izinhlobo: Ginglymostoma cirratum - Mustachioed nanny shark noma nurse shark (Nurs shark)
- Izinhlobo: Ginglymostoma unami - ushaka ongumhlengikazi wasePacific
IGenus: UNebrius - uNanny Shark
- Izinhlobo: Nebrius Ferrugineus - Rusty nanny shark (Tawny nurse shark)
Uhlobo lwebele: Pseudoginglymostoma - Nanny Shark
- Izinhlobo: Pseudoginglymostoma brevicaudatum - Shark-umsaphi omfishane womsila (Shark ongumhlengikazi omfushane)
Umndeni: I-Hemiscylliidae - AbakwaShaka Bekati lase-Asia (oshaka bakaM bamboo)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Chiloscyllium - oshaka bekati base-Asia, noma oshaka bekati
- Izinhlobo: Chiloscyllium arabicum - I-Arabian Cat Shark (i-arpean carpetshark)
- Izinhlobo: Chiloscyllium burmensis - Burmese bamboo shark (Burmese bamboo shark)
- Izinhlobo: Chiloscyllium caerulopunctatum - UMadagascar Cat Shark (Bluespotted bamboo shark)
- Izinhlobo: Chilisecyllium griseum - Grey bamboo shark (Grey bamboo shark)
- Izinhlobo: Chiloscyllium hasseltii - ushaka woqalo kaHasselt (ushaka wohlobo lukaHasselt)
- Izinhlobo: Chiloscyllium factor - Graceful bamboo Shark (Slender bamboo shark)
- Izinhlobo: Chiloscyllium plagiosum - I-Spotted Bamboo Shark (i-bamboo shark emhlophe enamabala)
- Izinhlobo: Chiloscyllium punctatum - brown-banded bamboo shark
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Hemiscyllium - ama-Indo-Australia Cat Shark
- Izinhlobo: Hemiscyllium freycineti - Indark cat shark (Indonesi yemvelo yase-Indonesia)
- Izinhlobo: Hemiscyllium galei - Onemibala epaulette shark (Cenderawasih epaulette shark)
- Izinhlobo: Hemiscyllium Hallstromi - Papuan epaulette shark (Papuan epaulette shark)
- Izinhlobo: Hemiscyllium halmahera - ushaka we-Epaulette - salon wezinwele - (oshaka weHalmahera epaulette)
- Izinhlobo: Hemiscyllium henryi - Epaulette Shark Henry (Triton epaulette shark)
- Izinhlobo: Hemiscyllium michaeli - Leopard epaulette shark (Leopard epaulette shark)
- Izinhlobo: Hemiscyllium ocellatum - ushaka we-Epaulette (ushaka we-Epaulette)
- Izinhlobo: Hemiscyllium strahani - I-Hooded Epaulette Shark (i-Hooded carpetshark)
- Izinhlobo: Hemiscyllium trispeculare - I-Carpetshark ebunjiwe
- Izinhlobo: Hemiscyllium sp.X - Seychelles epaulette shark (Seychelles carpetshark)
Umndeni: Orectolobidae - Oshaka bekhaphethi, noma oshaka bakaWobbegong
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Eucrossorhinus - Bearded Wobbegongs
- Izinhlobo: Eucrossorhinus dasypogon - Bearded Wobbegong (Tasselled wobbegong)
Uhlobo lokuzalwa: I-Orectolobus - Okhaphethi Okhaphethi
- Izinhlobo: Orectolobus floridus - Flark-Striped Carpet Shark (Izimbali ezihlanganisiwe ze-Flake bandbe)
- Izinhlobo: I-Orectolobus halei - Imichilo Yekhaphethi Yemichilo (I-banded wobbegong)
- Izinhlobo: Orectolobus hutchinsi - Western Carpet Shark (Western wobbegong)
- Izinhlobo: Orectolobus japonicus - I-Japan Carpet Shark (iJapanobe
- Izinhlobo: I-Orectolobus leptolineatus - ushaka wokubeka umata e-Indonesia (Indebe ye-Indonesia)
- Izinhlobo: Orectolobus maculatus - Spotted wobbegong, noma shark carpet wase-Australia (Spotted wobbegong)
- Izinhlobo: Orectolobus ornatus - Wobbegong Ohlotshisiwe (Ornate wobbegong)
- Izinhlobo: Orectolobus parvimaculatus - ushaka okhaphethi we-Dwarf
- Izinhlobo: Orectolobus reticulatus - I-Net Carpet Shark (Inethiwekhi yasesikhathini)
- Izinhlobo: Orectolobus wardi - Wobbegong waseNyakatho Australia (Northern wobbegong)
IGenus: Sutorectus - I-Bumpy Carpet Shark
- Izinhlobo: Sutorectus tentaculatus - I-Bumpy Carpet Shark (Cobbler wobbegong)
Umndeni: I-Parascylliidae - Ama-Collared Shark (Ama-carlatshark angama-Collared)
Uhlobo lwebele: Cirrhoscyllium - Scarf Shark
- Izinhlobo: Cirrhoscyllium expolitum - Philippine Scarf Shark (iBarbel-koo carpetshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Cirrhoscyllium formosanum - ushaka waseTaiwan isikhafu
- Izinhlobo: Cirrhoscyllium japonicum - IJapan Scarf Shark (i-Saddle carpetshark)
Uhlobo lwebele: I-Parascyllium - uCollar Shark
- Izinhlobo: I-Parascyllium Collare - Imicu eshisiwe enemibala (Collared carpetshark)
- Izinhlobo: Parascyllium elongatum - Elongate Collared Shark (Elongate carpetshark)
- Izinhlobo: Parascyllium Ferrugineum - I-Rusty Collar Shark (i-Rusty carpetshark)
- Izinhlobo: Parascyllium sparsimaculatum - Ginger Collar Shark (Ginger carpetshark)
- Izinhlobo: Parascyllium variolatum - Shifting shark shark (Umgexo carpetshark)
Umndeni: I-Pristiophoridae - amaSawshark
IGenus: Pliotrema - Sawtooth Shark
- Izinhlobo: Pliotrema warreni - Sawtooth Shark, noma Plyotrem (Sixgill sawshark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Pristiophorus - ama-Pylons
- Izinhlobo: Pristiophorus cirratus - Southern Pylonosus (Long-nose sawshark)
- Izinhlobo: Pristiophorus delicatus - iTropic sawshark
- Izinhlobo: Pristiophorus japonicus - Umshini wasar waseJapan
- Buka: I-Pristiophorus lanae - I-Pylonos ye-Lana (i-sawshark kaLana)
- Izinhlobo: Pristiophorus nancyae - Isishawara emfushane yase-Afrika
- Izinhlobo: Pristiophorus nudipinnis - I-Saw Shark yase-Australia (i-saw -ark esiseduze kwempumulo)
- Ukubuka: I-Pristiophorus schroederi - i-Bahamas sawshark
- Izinhlobo: Pristiophorus peroniensis - I-South Australia Pylonos (Little sawshark)
Umndeni: U-Echinorhinidae - oshaka ababambe inkanyezi, noma oshaka abamba (oshaka be-Bramble)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Echinorhinus - Plaque Shark
- Izinhlobo: I-Echinorhinus brucus - ushaka we-Plaque, noma ushaka osebenzisa izinkanyezi, noma ushaka we-alligator, noma ushaka we-crocodile (ushaka we-Bramble shark)
- Izinhlobo: Echinorhinus cookei - Pacific shark
Umndeni: Oxynotidae - oshaka baseTestree, noma amasentimitha (oshaka abanzima)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Oxynotus - oshaka besithathu, noma ama-centrines
- Izinhlobo: Oxynotus bruniensis - I-Australia Centrina (Prickly dogfish)
- Izinhlobo: Oxynotus caribbaeus - ICaribbean centrino (ICaribbean roughshark)
- Izinhlobo: Oxynotus centrina - I-Centrina ejwayelekile, noma ushaka wezingulube (i-Angular roughshark)
- Izinhlobo: Oxynotus japonicus - iJapan centrino (roughshark yaseJapan)
- Izinhlobo: Oxynotus paradoxus - Sailing centrina (Sail-fin roughshark)
Ushaka (osokiwe) oshaka
Umzimba olula ongaguquguquki ungamamitha ayi-1.5-2 ubude.Ikhono lokugoba lifana nenyoka. Umbala onsundu. Izilonda ze-gill zakha izikhwama zesikhumba ezibukeka njengengubo. Isidlakudla esiyingozi simile kuCretaceous. Ushaka ubizwa ngokuthi ifosili eliphilayo ngokungabi bikho kwezimpawu zokuvela kwemvelo. Igama lesibili litholwa amafolda amaningi esikhunjeni.
Umndeni: uCentrophoridae - oshaka abemfishane, noma oshaka-oshaka (oshaka beGulper)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Centrophorus - oshaka abebomfushane
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus acus - Ushaka omude, onameva omfishane (ushaka wePacific gulper)
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus atromarginatus - I-Dwarf Short-Throated Shark (iDarkf gulper shark)
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus granulosus - uBrown Shorthaired Shark (oshaka weGulper)
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus harrissoni - Ushaka Omfishane Wase-Australia (Shark gulper shark)
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus isodon - Black-fin gulper shark
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus lusitanicus - Ushaka Omfushane WasePutukezi (Ushaka ophansi we-gulper)
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus moluccensis - Ushaka omncane we-gulper shark (ushaka omncane we-gulper shark)
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus niaukang - Ushaka Wezindunduma WaseMpumalanga (Shark East Shark)
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus robustus - South China Short-Nosed Shark (South China gulper shark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Centrophorus seychellorum - ushaka wase-Seychelles oshaka abade (ama-Seychelles gulper shark)
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus squamosus - Ushaka omfishane omfushane (i-Leaf-wadogo gulper shark)
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus tessellatus - Shark onemibala eminingana, kanye necala elifushane (uMark gulper shark)
- Izinhlobo: ICentrophorus uyato - Shark Omfishane Omfishane (Shark Little gulper)
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus Westraliensis - Ushaka Wentshonalanga Olubanzi WaseShayina (ushaka waseGulper oshaka)
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus zeehaani - Southern Shark Hand Hand Shark (Southern dogfish)
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus sp.A - Mini shark shark (Mini gulper shark)
- Izinhlobo: Centrophorus sp.B - Ushaka omfishane omfushane (uSlender gulper shark)
Uhlobo lokuzalwa: UDeania - uDeania, noma oshaka abade abanenhliziyo ende
- Izinhlobo: I-Deania calcea - I-Spiny Shark emfishane
- Izinhlobo: Deania hystricosa - Spiny Dania (Rough longnose dogfish)
- Izinhlobo: Deania profundorum - I-Deep Dania, noma i-South African Thorn Shark (i-Arrow-head dogfish)
- Izinhlobo: Deania quadrispinosum - I-long-snout dogfish
Oshaka abakhulu
Ama-Giants, angaphezu kwe-15 m ubude, athatha indawo yesibili ngemuva koshaka be-whale ngosayizi. Umbala onsundu-onsundu ngezicucu. Ihlala emanzini onke athambile olwandle. Ungabeki ingozi kubantu. Idla ngeplankton.
Isimo esiyingqayizivele sokuziphatha ukuthi ushaka ugcina umlomo wakhe uvulekile, izihlungi zihamba ngamathani angama-2000 amanzi ngehora.
UMark Shark (uBlackwing)
Kunezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezimfishane nezihlobo ezinde. Ngaphezu kwe-Arctic, inyamazane ihlala kuwo wonke amanye amanzi olwandle. Ngezansi ku-150 m ukujula akuweli. Ubungako obujwayelekile bama-mako bufinyelela ku-4 m ubude ngesisindo esingama-450 kg.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abaningi izinhlobo ezikhona zikashaka iyingozi, umhlaseli ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka uyisikhali esibulalayo esingenakuthengiswa. Kuthuthukisa isivinini esikhulu ekuphokopheleni imihlambi yama-mackerel, izikole ze-tuna, kwesinye isikhathi zigxuma phezu kwamanzi.
IGoblin shark (brownie, obhejane)
Ukudoba ngengozi yezinhlanzi ezingaziwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, cishe 1 m ubude, kwaholela ososayensi ukuthola: izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezishabalala USkapanorinhus, owabizwa njengowabekhona eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyikhulu edlule, uyaphila! Ukudutshulwa okungajwayelekile kwekhanda kwenza ushaka ubukeke njengeplypus. Abafokazi besikhathi esedlule baphinda batholwe kaninginingi ngemuva kweminyaka ecishe ibe yikhulu. Izakhamizi ezingandile.
Umndeni: IDalatiidae - oshaka abesandleni sokudla, noma oshaka bakaDalatia (oshaka bakaKitefin)
IGenasi: AmaDalatias - iDalatia, noma amaShark kwesokudla
- Izinhlobo: Dalatiasubona - uBlack Shark, noma iDalatia, noma uShaka Shark wase-America (Shark Kitefin)
Uhlobo lwe-Genus: Ama-Euprotomicroides - Ama-Shark-Tailed Shark
- Izinhlobo: I-Euprotomicroides zelyeschia - Ushaka okhishwe ngomsila (oshaka okhanyayo)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-Euprotomicrus - iDwarf Shark
- Izinhlobo: Euprotomicrus bispinatus - ushaka we-Dwarf (Pygmy shark)
Uhlobo lwebele: Heteroscymnoides - Darkf Spiky Shark
- Izinhlobo: I-Heteroscymnoides marleyi - Ushaka omude wempumulo we-pygmy (uphondo olude lwe-pygmy shark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: i-Isistius - AmaLambu AmaKhanya
- Izinhlobo: Isistius brasiliensis - I-Brazilian Luminous Shark (I-Cookie-cutter shark)
- Izinhlobo: Isistius labialis - I-South China Luminous Shark (South China cookiecutter shark)
- Izinhlobo: Isistius plutodus - I-Lisitous Shark (I-Large -ino cookiecutter shark)
IGenus: Mollisquama - Malliskwama
- Buka: IMollisquama parini - uShark weParina, noma uMalliskwama (Pocket shark)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: I-squaliolus - i-Dwarf Spiny Shark
- Izinhlobo: squaliolus aliae - Shark-iso le-pygmy elincane
- Izinhlobo: squaliolus laticaudus - Darkf spark shark (Spined pygmy shark)
Carpal wobbegong
Esidalweni esingajwayelekile, kunzima ukubona isihlobo sezilwane ezidla ulwandle, ezesabisa zonke izidalwa zasemanzini. Ukufihlakala kwe-aerobatics kulele emzimbeni wesicaba ombozwe izindla.
Ukubona amaphaphu, amehlo anzima kakhulu. Oshaka bavame ukubizwa ngokuthi bayimichilo futhi bentshebe ukuze kwenziwe umphetho eceleni kwekhanda. Ngenxa yokubukeka kwazo okungajwayelekile, oshaka abangaphansi bavame ukuba yizilwane ezifuywayo zasemanzini.
UZebra Shark (Ingwe)
Umbala obonwe ufana kakhulu nengwe, kepha akekho ozoshintsha igama lakhe. Ingwe yeShark ivame ukutholakala emanzini afudumele olwandle, ekujuleni okufika kumamitha angama-60 ngasogwini lolwandle. Ubuhle buvame ukuwela kuma-lens bezithombe ezingaphansi kwamanzi.
UZebra ushaka kuvuliwe isithombe khombisa ummeleli wesimo sokuhlanya wesizwe sakhe. Imigqa ebushelelezi yamaphiko nomzimba, ikhanda eliyindilinga, ukuqina kwesiqu emzimbeni kanye nokuthungwa kubukeka kahle. Kumuntu akakhombisi ulaka.
I-Pylone Shark
Isici esivelele sabamele iqembu kungukuphuma okuxakile esitsheni esifana ne-saw, i-antennae ende. Umsebenzi oyinhloko womzimba ukufuna ukudla. Balima umhlabathi ongaphansi uma bezwa inyamazane.
Uma kwenzeka ubhekene nengozi, shaya isarha, ulimaze amanxeba esitha ngamazinyo abukhali. Isilinganiso sobude bomuntu singamamitha ayi-1.5. Oshaka bahlala emanzini afudumele olwandle, ngasogwini lwaseNingizimu Afrika, Japan, Australia.
Ama-pilonos anezinwele ezimfushane
Ubude bomsuka we-sawtooth cishe buba ngu-23-24% wobude bezinhlanzi. "Ukubona" okujwayelekile kwezihlobo kufinyelela ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yobude bomzimba wonke. Umbala ungwevu-mpunga, isisu sikhanya. Imiphumela emibi yabona oshaka belimaza izisulu zabo, bese bezidla. Iphila impilo yodwa.
I-Gnome Pylonos (i-African Pylonos)
Kunolwazi mayelana nokubanjwa kwama-pilonos amancanyana (ubude bomzimba ngaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-60), kepha ayikho incazelo yesayensi. Izinhlobo zoShaka osayizi abancane kakhulu - rarity. Njengezihlobo, ziphila phansi emhlabathini onesihlabathi esinamatshe.
Flat Shark (squat, angel shark)
Ukuma komphangi kufana ne-stingray. Ubude babameleli abajwayelekile be-oda bungamamitha ayi-2 Basebenza ebusuku, phakathi nosuku bazingcwaba ngo-silt futhi balale. Bazondla ngezidalwa eziphansi. Oshaka be-squat abanalo ulaka, kepha baphendula ezenzweni ezivusa amadlingozi zabahlaseli, abahlukahlukene.
Ama-squatins abizwa ngamadimoni esihlabathi ngendlela yokuzingela kusuka ekuqeshweni ngumuntu ophonsa ngokungazelelwe. Isisulu sitshelwa emlonyeni we-toothy.
Izidalwa ezindala kakhulu zemvelo, iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-400 ezihlala olwandle, zinezinhlangothi eziningi futhi zahlukahlukene. Indoda ifunda umhlaba woshaka njengencwadi ethokozisayo enezinhlamvu zomlando.
UHarlequin ushaka
UHarlequin ushaka Ngabe igama lohlobo emndenini wabashizi bezintambo abebedlubhe. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa nokuphela kwezinhlobo zabashokobezi baseSomalia. Ngokungafani nezinhlobo eziningi esezichaziwe, zibhekwa njenge-ovoviviparous.
Ubude bawo ngokuvamile abudluli ku-46 cm, umbala unamabala, abomvu ansundu, umzimba unamashe, amehlo awamaqanda, nomlomo onxantathu. Bahlala engxenyeni esentshonalanga yoLwandlekazi i-Indian.
UHarlequin ushaka
Okokuqala, ukuhlukahluka okunjalo kuchazwe kuphela engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu leminyaka eledlule. Isizathu sokuthi lezi zidalwa bezifihliwe emehlweni abantu isikhathi eside siyaqondakala. Zihlala ekujuleni okucatshangelwa, kwesinye isikhathi kufinyelela ku-175 m.
Kunoma ikuphi, okuphakeme ngaphezu kuka-75 m, abamele abancane besizwe sikashaka, njengomthetho, abavuki. Ngokokuqala ngqa ukuthi ushaka onjalo wabanjwa ogwini lwaseSomalia, lapho abamele izinhlobo zalithola lelo gama.
Ushaka onekhanda elimnyama
Lezi zidalwa, ezingokwaluphi uhlobo nomndeni wegama elifanayo negama lazo, ziyaphawuleka ngezindlela eziningi. Ukuba yizinhlanzi ezinama-cartilaginous, njengabo bonke oshaka, kubhekwa njengento eyisisekelo, okungukuthi, uhlobo lwempilo olungashintshile kusukela kudala, lapho luhlobo lwezilwane. Lokhu kuboniswa yizici zokuqala zesakhiwo sabo. Isibonelo, ukuthuthukiswa komgogodla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubukeka kwezidalwa ezinjalo kuyingqayizivele kakhulu, futhi uma ubheka zona unganquma ukuthi ubona izinyoka zasolwandle, kepha hhayi ushaka. By indlela, abantu abaningi bacabanga kanjalo. Ngokukhethekile ushaka ovuthayo ufana nalezi zilwanyana ezihuqayo ngezikhathi lapho lo mnqobi eqhubeka nokuzingela.
Ushaka onekhanda elimnyama
Izisulu zalo zivame ukuba nezinhlanzi ezincane zama-bony nama-cephalopods. Ibona inyamazane futhi ijikijela kuyo, njengenyoka, lesi sidalwa sikhothame ngaphambi komzimba wayo wonke.
Futhi imihlathi yakhe emide ephathekayo, ifakwe imigqa emincanyana yamazinyo abukhali futhi amancanyana, ihleleke kahle ukuze igwinye lonke inyamazane yobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele. Umthunzi onsundu womzimba wezidalwa ezinjalo ngaphambili umbozwe ngemikhawulo yesikhumba ekhethekile.
Injongo yabo ukufihla ukuvulwa kwama-gill. On umphimbo, ulwelwesi gill, ukuhlangana, thatha uhlobo lobe isikhumba vol volous. Konke lokhu kufana kakhulu nengubo, lapho oshaka abebizwa lapho bekhubazekile. Izilwane ezinjalo zitholakala emanzini oLwandlekazi iPacific ne-Atlantic, ngokuvamile zihlala ekujuleni okukhulu.
Wobbegong Shark
Ama-Wobbegongs awumndeni wonke wabashaka abahlukaniswe izakhi zofuzo ezimbili, futhi bahlukaniswe yizinhlobo eziyi-11. Bonke abameleli babo banegama lesibili: oshaka bekhaphethi. Futhi ayivezi nje kuphela izici zesakhiwo sabo, kufanele kubhekwe kunembe kakhulu.
Iqiniso ngukuthi lolu shaka lunokufana okude kakhulu nezihlobo zabo eziningi ezivela esizweni sabashaka, ngoba isidumbu samaWobbegongs sithe isicaba. Futhi imvelo yabavuza ngamafomu anjalo ngokuphelele ngamathuba.
Wobbegong ukhaphethi oshaka
Lezi zidalwa ezihlaselayo zihlala khona kanye ekujuleni kolwandle nezilwandle, futhi lapho ziye zizingela, ziye zingabonakali ngokuphelele ukuthi ziyizidakamizwa zazo ngale ndlela. Zihlangana nezansi, eduze kwazo lapho zizama khona ukuhlala, okubuye kuxhaswe kakhulu umbala wombala wokuzifihla walezi zidalwa.
Zidla ngo-cuttlefish, octopus, squid nezinhlanzi ezincane. Ikhanda eliyindilinga le-Wobbegongs empeleni linye ngomzimba wabo othambile. Amehlo amancane awabonakali kuso.
Izitho zokuthintana zalabo abamele i-superorder yezinhlanzi ezinama-cartilaginous ziyizintuthwane ezinamanzi ezisekukhala kwamakhala. Izintshebe ezihlekisayo, intshebe kanye namadevu kugqame ku-muzzle yazo. Usayizi walaba bantu abahlala phansi kuya ngezinhlobo. Ubukhulu babanye bungamamitha. Ezinye zingaba zinkulu kakhulu.
Umgcini werekhodi lalesi sikhombisi ubonakele ku-wobbegong - umdondoshiya oziimitha ezintathu. Lezi zidalwa zithanda ukuhlala emanzini afudumele asendaweni eshisayo noma, okubi kakhulu, endaweni ethile eseduze.
Zitholakala kakhulu ezilwandle ezimbili: iPacific neNdiya. Abantu abahlaselayo abaqaphile bachitha impilo yabo ezindaweni ezivalekile ngaphansi kwamakhorali, futhi abahlukahlukene abalokothi bazame nokuhlasela.
UBrownie Shark
Obunye ubufakazi bokuthi umhlaba woshaka awuqondakali ekuhlukahluka kwawo ushaka onsundu, ngaphandle kwalokho wabizwa ngokuthi ushaka we-goblin. Ukubonakala kwalezi zidalwa kuyinto engavamile kangangokuba kunzima ukuzibheka njengesizwe sabashaka uma ubabuka. Kodwa-ke, laba bameleli bezilwane zasolwandle babhekwa njengabanjalo nje, bebhekisa emndenini wakwaScapanorinch.
Izinhlobo zikaBrownie Shark
Ubukhulu balezi zindawo ezinamanzi anosawoti cishe amamitha noma ngaphezulu. Ukuhlafunwa kwabo kuyaphawuleka ngendlela emangalisayo, ngenkathi kuthathwa ifosholo noma i-oar. Engxenyeni engezansi yomlomo wakhe kuphakama, ifakwe inani elikhulu lamazinyo agwegwe.
Izici ezinjalo zokubukeka zikhiqiza okungajabulisi kakhulu, kepha kuxutshwe nemizwa yokungaqondakali. Kungakho ushaka onjalo wanikezwa ngamagama asevele ashiwo. Kulokhu kumele sengeze isikhumba esimangalisa kakhulu, esibomvana, lesi sidalwa esivelele kwezinye izinto eziphilayo.
Kucishe kube sobala, kakhulu kangangokuba imithambo yegazi ize idabule kuyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokubheka lesi sici, lesi sakhamizi solwandle esijulile sithola izinguquko ezibucayi ngesikhathi sokuqhuma okukhulu.
Futhi ngasikhathi sinye, hhayi amehlo akhe kuphela, ngomqondo ongokoqobo, aqambaqika emigwaqweni yabo, kodwa futhi nokufakwa ngaphakathi kuphuma ngomlomo wakhe. Isizathu umehluko wokucindezelwa ekujuleni kolwandle nangaphezulu kwalo, okuyinto evamile kwizidalwa ezinje.
UBrownie Shark
Kepha lokhu akuyona yonke into ephawuleka yalezi zidalwa. Amazinyo awo, asanda kukhulunywa, agwegwe acishe afane ncamashi namazinyo oshaka prehistoric, ikakhulukazi njengoba oshaka balolu hlobo ngokwabo babukeka njengezipoki zezikhathi zasendulo ezigcinwe phansi olwandle.
Uhla lwalaba bameleli abangajwayelekile bezilwane zomhlaba kanye nemingcele yalo namanje alukacaci. Kepha oshaka bendlu kungenzeka ukuthi batholakala kuzo zonke izilwandle, mhlawumbe ngaphandle kwamanzi kuphela ezinsimbi ezisenyakatho.
I-Fox shark
Oshaka abangabomndeni, ngaphandle kwesizathu, bathola isidlaliso sababhali bolwandle. Ushaka we-fox isidalwa esiyingqayizivele emandleni alo wokuphanga ngomsila wayo wemvelo.
Kwakhe, lesi isikhali esiqine kakhulu, ngoba ugebha inhlanzi ayidla nabo. Futhi kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi phakathi kwesizwe sabashaka, ngendlela yayo yokuzingela, iyona kuphela futhi iyodwa.
I-Fox shark
Umsila walesi sidalwa uyingxenye yomzimba omangalisa kakhulu enesici sangaphandle esishayayo: lobe elingaphezulu lwemali yalo yinde ngokungafaniyo futhi iqhathaniswa nosayizi woshaka uqobo, futhi ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidalwa ezinjalo zinomsila wazo kahle.
Oshaka be-Fox abatholakali ezindaweni ezishisayo kuphela, kodwa futhi nasemanzini anethezekile, apholile. Bahlala oLwandlekazi iPacific eduze nasogwini lwe-Asia, futhi futhi bathande kaningi ugu lwaseNyakatho Melika ngezinto abaziphilayo.
Usilika oshaka
Lesi sidalwa kuthiwa siwumndeni wabasakazi abampunga. Isikali se-plakoid esimboza umzimba wakhe sithambile kakhulu, yingakho ushaka kasilika eqanjwa ngaleyo ndlela. Le nhlobo evela esizweni sikashaka ibhekwa njengejwayelekile kakhulu emanzini olwandle afudumele emhlabeni yonke indawo. Imvamisa, izidalwa ezinje zehlela ekujuleni okungadluli kumamitha angama-50 bese zizama ukuhlala eduze nolwandle lwamazwekazi.
Usilika oshaka
Ubude boshaka abanjalo buphakathi kuka-2,5 m, isisindo futhi esingesikhulu - endaweni ethile ezungeze 300 kg. Umbala ungwephusi, kepha umthungo ugcwele, ukhipha insimbi. Izici ezihlukile koshaka abalulekile yilezi: ukukhuthazela, ukuzwa okujulile, ilukuluku lokushisekela ijubane lokuhamba. Konke lokhu kusiza abazingeli abanjalo ekuzingeleni.
Bebhekene nezikole zezinhlanzi abasendleleni, bamane baqhubeke nokushesha, bevula imilomo. I-Tuna inyamazane ethile abayithandayo. Ikakhulu abantu abahlaseli oshaka abanjalo. Kepha abahlukahlukene, uma kwenzeka beziphatha kabi, kufanele bawaqaphele amazinyo abukhali alezi zidlova.
I-Atlantic herring
Ushaka onjalo unamagama amaningi ayizidlaliso. Mhlawumbe okuhlaba umxhwele kakhulu amagama athi "porpoise". Yize ukubukeka kwalezi zidalwa kungumndeni we-herring, oshaka kufanele babhekwe kakhulu kunalokho okungekho nhlobo okujwayelekile.
Imizimba yabo ngesimo sethanga, eliphakeme, lamaphiko athuthukiswe kahle, kunomlomo omkhulu ofakwe, njengoba kulindeleke, ngamazinyo abukhali kakhulu, umsila owuhlobo lwe-crescent. Umzimba wesidalwa esinjalo ungwevu onsundu, amehlo amakhulu amnyama aqhamukele kuso. Ubude bomzimba wabo bungamamitha amathathu.
I-Atlantic herark shark
Indlela yokuphila yoshaka enjalo ingukunyakaza okuqhubekayo lapho besuka ekuzalweni kuze kube lihora lokufa. Unjalo isimo sabo nezici zesakhiwo. Futhi ziyafa, ziya ezansi kwento yolwandle.
Zihlala, njengoba negama lisho, emanzini oLwandlekazi i-Atlantic, futhi zihlala kulwandle oluvulekile nasogwini lwalo olusempumalanga nolusentshonalanga. Inyama yoshaka enjalo inokunambitheka okuhle, noma isidingo sokucutshungulwa kwayo kangaphambi kokudla isekhona.
I-Bahamas lark shark
Uhlobo loshaka abanjalo, bomndeni wama-pilonos, aluvamile kakhulu. Futhi ububanzi balezi zidalwa zasemanzini buncane ngokuhlekisayo. Zitholakala kuphela olwandle lweCaribbean, nasendaweni elinganiselwe, esizeni esiphakathi kweBahamas archpelago, eFlorida naseCuba.
I-Bahamas lark shark
Isici esimangazayo sabashaka abanjalo, esaba yisizathu segama, ingquza enamaphiko emide eqeda endaweni ebanzi futhi emide ye-sawtooth, elinganisa ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zomzimba wonke. Inhloko yezidalwa ezinjalo iyeluliwe futhi ithambile kancane, umzimba umfishane, uphakeme, umbala onsundu.
Izidalwa ezinjalo zisebenzisa ukuphuma kwazo, kanye nezimpondo ezinde lapho zifuna ukudla. Ukudla kwabo cishe akufani namalungu amaningi wesizwe sikashaka. Siqukethe: i-shrimp, squid, crustaceans, kanye nezinhlanzi ezincane ze-bony. Osayizi balaba shark ngokuvamile awudluli ku-80 cm, futhi baphila ngokujula okukhulu.
Umndeni: I-Etmopteridae - oshaka beLantern, noma oshaka abakhanyayo (oshaka beLantern)
IGenus: Aculeola - Shark
- Izinhlobo: Aculeola nigra - Black Shark (Hook-izinyo inja)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Centroscyllium - Black Shark Shark
- Izinhlobo: Centroscyllium excelsum - I -fishfish ephakeme kakhulu
- Izinhlobo: Centroscyllium kitambaaii - iBlack Fishfish
- Izinhlobo: Centroscyllium granulatum - Granular dogfish
- Izinhlobo: Centroscyllium kamoharai - uBlack Dog Shark waseKamokhara (iBare-isikhumba senja)
- Izinhlobo: Centroscyllium nigrum - Imnyama Shark (Inhlanganisela yezinja)
- Izinhlobo: Centroscyllium ornatum - Exquisite Dog Shark (Ornate dogfish)
- Izinhlobo: Centroscyllium ritteri - Ushaka wezinja ezimhlophe-ezimhlophe (i-White-fin dogfish)
IGenus: I-Etmopterus - ama-Black Shark, noma ama-Thorny Shark
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus baxteri - INew Zealand Shark (iNew Zealand lanternshark)
- Buka: I-Etmopterus benchleyi - I-Ninja Shark (iNinja lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus bigelowi - I-Flabby Black Shark (I-blantred lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus brachyurus - Umfishi omfishane omfishane omfishane (i-Short-tail lark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus bullisi - Striped Spiny Shark (Imilayini eshisiwe)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus burgessi - Broadcast snout black shark (Broad-snout lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus carteri - Cylindrical Black Shark (Cylindrical lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus caudistigmus - Oshaka abamnyama (Spotted black shark (Tail-spot lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus compagnoi - uBrown shark omnyama (uBlown lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus decacuspidatus - uBlack Shark omnyama onamachashaza amnyama (i-Comb -ino lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus dianthus - Pink Pink Shark (Pink lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Etmopterus dislineatus - iWhite Shark Emnyama (I-lanternshark emile)
- Izinhlobo: I-Etmopterus evansi - ushaka omnyama onomlomo omnyama (umlomo omnyama onsundu)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus fusus - ushaka omnyama we-Dwarf (Pygmy lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus gracilispinis - I-Broad-band black shark (i-Broad-banded lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus granulosus - Southern Black Shark (Southern lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus hillianus - ICaribbean Black Shark (ICaribbean lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus joungi - Shark omnyama omfishane omfishane (i-lanternshark emfishane)
- Izinhlobo: I-Etmopterus litvinovi - Ushaka omnyama wamehlo amancane (i-Little-eye lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo: I-Etmopterus lucifer - I-Black Lark Shark (iBlack-belly larkernshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus molleri - UMoller's Shark Omnyama (ilanternshark kaMoller)
- Izinhlobo: I-Etmopterus perryi - I-Little Shark Encane (I-dwarf lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus polli - ushaka omnyama wase-Afrika (i-African lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus princeps - Great Black Shark (I-lanternshark enkulu)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus pseudosqualiolus - Amanga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-lanternshark yamanga)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus pusillus - Crow Shark (Smooth lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus pycnolepis - I-Emery shark emnyama (i-dense-lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus robinsi - I-West Indian Black Shark (i-West Indian larkernshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus schultzi - Fringed Black Shark (Fringe-fin lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Etmopterus sculptus - Ushaka omnyama oqoshwe (uphawu olukhanyayo)
- Izinhlobo: I-Etmopterus sentosus - Izimpondo Zomdaka Ophondo (Thorny lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus spinax - Night shark, noma uBlack prickly shark (Velvet-belly lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus splendidus - Pacific Black Shark (Splendid lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus tasmaniensis - Tasmanian Etmopterus (lanternshark waseNdiya waseMpumalanga)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus unicolor - iBristled Black Shark (iBristled lanternshark)
- Buka: I-Etmopterus viator - Ohamba ngoshaka omnyama (Traveller lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: I-Etmopterus villosus - ushaka omnyama waseHawaii, noma i-Hawaiiian spiny shark (i-Hawaiian lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus virens - Green Spiny Shark (Green lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus sp.A - Ushaka weGuadalupe spiny (iGuadalupe lanternshark)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus sp.B - ushaka waseChile waseChile (lanternshark waseChile)
- Izinhlobo: Etmopterus sp.C - I-Prickly Shark Papua (i-Papua iDemo yensimbi)
IGenus: Miroscyllium - oshaka abahle
- Izinhlobo: Miroscyllium sheikoi - I-Rasp shark emnyama (i-Rasp-izinyo inja)
IGenus: I-Trigonognathus - oshaka abangunxantathu
- Izinhlobo: Trigonognathus kabeyai - Serpentine Spiny Shark (Viper dogfish)
Umndeni: USomniosidae - oshaka abancane, noma oshaka abaqondile (oshaka abalala)
IGenus: Centroscymnus - Shark onamehlo amhlophe
- Izinhlobo: Centroscymnus coelolepis - ushaka omhlophe onamehlo, noma ushaka ongumPutukezi (inja yesiPutukezi)
- Izinhlobo: Centroscymnus cryptacanthus - Shark-White-eyed White Shark (Roughskin dogfish)
- Izinhlobo: Centroscymnus owstoni - I-Whiteon Eyed Shark ka-Auston
IGenus: Centroselachus - Thin-Shark
- Izinhlobo: Centroselachus crepidater - Ushaka omude obekhala ngekhala (i-long-nose velvet dogfish)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Proscymnodon - Velvet Spiky Shark
- Izinhlobo: Scymnodon ichiharai - Japan Spiny Shark (Japan velvet dogfish)
- Izinhlobo: Proscymnodon macracanthus - Great-spine velvet dogfish
- Buka: I-Proscymnodon plunketi - I-Spiny Planet Shark (ushaka kaPlunket)
- Izinhlobo: Scymnodon ringens - Spiky Spiky Shark (Knife-izinyo inja)
Uhlobo lwe-genus: Scymnodalatias - Scymnodalatia
- Izinhlobo: Scymnodalatias albicauda - White-umsila wezinja (White-umsila wezinja)
- Izinhlobo: Scymnodalatias garricki - Azores dogfish (Azores dogfish)
- Izinhlobo: Scymnodalatias oligodon - Rare Tooth Scimnodalatia (Sparse-izinja inhlanzi)
- Izinhlobo: Scymnodalatias sherwoodi - Shark prickly shark, noma uSherwood's scimnodalatia (Sherwood's dogfish)
IGenus: Somniosus - Polar Shark
- Izinhlobo: ISomniosus antarcticus - ushaka wase-Antarctic (oshaka abalala phansi)
- Izinhlobo: Somniosus longus - Frog polar shark (Frog shark)
- Izinhlobo: iSomniosus microcephalus - ushaka waseGreenland oshaka, noma ushaka omncane onamakhaza, noma i-Atlantic shark (Shark Greenland)
- Izinhlobo: ISomniosus pacificus - ushaka wePacific oshaka, noma ushaka oseNyakatho nePacific (ushaka wokulala ePacific)
- Izinhlobo: ISomniosus rostratus - ushaka omude omfishane (oshaka omncane olele)
IGenus: iZameus - AmaShaka Amahle
- Izinhlobo: Zameus ichiharai - Japan Spiny Shark (Japan Velvet Dogfish)
- Izinhlobo: Zameus squamulosus - I-Spiny Spiny Shark (Velvet dogfish)