I-Takaha, noma i-sultanka engenaphiko (Porphyrio hochstetteri) - inyoni engenabhano esengozini, ihlala eNew Zealand.
UTakache uyilungu elikhulu kunawo wonke lomndeni wakwaRallidae (inkomo). Le nyoni engafani nhlobo yokundiza, ecishe ifane nenkukhu, inomzimba onamasheya ongamasentimitha angama-63, unemilenze ebomvu eqinile, umlomo omkhulu obomvu okhanyayo nephemikhali ekhangayo eluhlaza okotshani. Izinsikazi zale nyoni zinesisindo esingu-2.3 kg, abesilisa kusuka ku-2,4 kuye ku-2.7 kg. I-takaha inamaphiko amancane angasetshenziselwa izindiza, kodwa abantweza ngokugcwala ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Swamp kwakuyindawo yokuhlala yaseTakah, kepha selokhu abantu baphenduka baba amapulazi, abakwaTaka baphoqeleka ukuthi bathuthele ezigodini ezinezintaba eziphakemeyo, ngakho-ke bahlala ezimfundeni eziphakeme kakhulu ngaphambi kokuqala kweqhwa, futhi ekuqaleni kwesimo sezulu esibandayo behlela emahlathini nasezihlahleni ezingaphansi komhlaba.
Lezi zinyoni zidla utshani, amahlumela ezitshalo nezinambuzane, kepha isisekelo sokudla kwazo ngamaqabunga eChionochloa nezinye izinhlobo ze-alpine zotshani nezinambuzane. Zingatholakala kaningi zidla iziqu ze-Dantonia ephuzi, futhi zibambe isiqu ngephini elilodwa, inyoni idla ingxenye ethambile kuphela, okuseleyo kuyakhishwa.
AbakwaTakaha banamanyala, i.e. dala umbhangqwana empilweni. Ukuze kuzalwe inzalo, ngo-Okthoba, lapho iqhwa liqala ukuncibilika, bakha izidleke ezinamandla otshanini namagatsha afana nesitsha esisesimweni. I-Clutch ingaqukatha eqandeni elilodwa ukuya kwezintathu ezinamaqabunga, okuvela kuwo emva kwezinsuku ezingama-30 amaphuphu. Bobabili abazali bakha amaqanda, bese babelana ngemithwalo yemfanelo yokondla abancane. Kuyisici ukuthi eyodwa kuphela inkukhu ku-clutch esinda ebusika bokuqala. Kepha ukusinda kwezinhlobo zezilwane kusizwa yikuthi ama-Takha athathwa njengezinyoni ezihlala isikhathi eside, ngoba isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuphila sisukela eminyakeni eyi-14 kuye kwengama-20.
Indaba yokutholwa kwe-takache iyajabulisa: ososayensi abafunda ngesimo seNew Zealand bake bezwa izindaba ezivela kubahlali bendawo ngesimangaliso esingenandiza - inyoni enamabala akhanyayo, kepha njengoba kungekho noyedwa kubo owaba nenhlanhla yokukubona uthatha bukhoma, banquma ukuthi lezi zindaba ziyisidalwa esiyinganekwane nje izinganekwane zasendaweni.
Kodwa-ke, ngo-1847, uWalter Mantell wayesakwazi ukuthola amathambo enyoni enkulu engaziwa komunye wemizana. Ngemuva kwalokhu kutholwa, kube neminye imizamo eminingana yokuthola uShaka, futhi eminye yayo yaphumelela ngisho: abacwaningi bakwazile nokubamba inyoni ephilayo. Kepha, selokhu ukubanjwa kokugcina kokudotshwa kukaShatha kwabanjwa ngo-1898, okwathi lapho sekulahlekile iminonjana yale nyoni, yafakwa ezinhlwini zezilwane ezanyamalalayo.
Kuphela ngo-1948, ukuxoshwa kukaGeoffrey Orbella kwaba nenhlanhla yokuthola ikoloni elincane leShihi eduze neLake Te Anau. Vuma ukuthi ngemuva "kovuko lwabafileyo" olunjalo lungabizwa kalula ngokuthi inyoni yaseNew Zealand - i-phoenix.
Okwamanje, ukuthatha kuhlu kusengozini, njengoba inabantu abancane kakhulu, kodwa abakhula kancane kancane. Ukuqothulwa okusondele ngokuphelele kwalezi zinyoni kungenxa yezici eziningi: ukuzingela ngokweqile, ukulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala nezilwane ezidla ezinye zadlala indima. Ngemuva kokuphinda kuvulwe, uhulumeni waseNew Zealand wenza indawo ekhethekile eFiordland National Park ukuze kulondolozwe uSakhe, kanti nezikhungo zokuzalela lezi zinyoni ezingandile nazo zakhiwa. Ngo-1982, inani labantu baseSakahe lafinyelela kubantu abangama-118 kuphela, kepha ngenxa yemizamo yokulondolozwa kwabo, inani labo lenyuka laya kuma-242.
Ukukopisha okugcwele noma okuyingxenye kwezinto, kudingeka isixhumanisi esivumelekile esizeni se-UkhtaZoo.
Takache
Umbuso: | Eumetazoi |
I-infraclass: | Ukuzalwa okusha |
Subfamily: | Gallinulinae |
Buka: | Takache |
- Notornis mantelli
Takache, noma ongenantambo-sultan (lat. Porphyrio hochstetteri A. B. Meyer, 1883) - inyoni eyivelakancane engenabhanoyi, yathathwa njengenyama. Igama lendawo lamaMaori lithi mohaw . Ihlala ezintabeni zeSouth Island yaseNew Zealand, eduze neLake Te Anau. Ungowomndeni we-cowgirl. I-International Red Book inesimo sezinhlobo ezisengozini yokuqothulwa (isigaba EN).
Indaba
ITakaha isatshalaliswe kulo lonke elaseNew Zealand. ENorth Island, le nyoni yabizwa ngokuthi i-mogo, eningizimu - takaha. AbakwaMaori bazingela uTaka ngenxa yobuningi babo.
Ososayensi abafunda ubunjalo beNew Zealand ekuqaleni baqoqa yonke imininingwane ngale nyoni eyinqaba, kepha njengoba kungekho bufakazi obukhona bokuthi kukhona uTakaha, banquma ukuthi le nyoni iyisidalwa esinganekwane esivela ezinganekwaneni zaseMaori.
Kodwa-ke, ngonyaka we-1847, uWalter Mantell ngephutha wazithola ekhanda, i-sternum, nezinye izingxenye zamathambo enyoni enkulu engaziwa edolobhaneni elisenyakatho nesiqhingi. Kwenzeka lokhu nje, la mathambo abe ngeyenyoni enkulu enamaphiko kodwa engenandiza, eyaqanjwa ngoMantell - Notornis mantelli, okungukuthi - "I-Wonder bird Mantella."
Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili uMantella etholakele, iqembu labathumbi lathola imisindo yenyoni enkulu. Ngemuva komkhondo, bathola inyoni enkulu enamaphaza amahle. Kodwa-ke, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokubanjwa kwale nyoni, bona, bengazi ukuthi benzeni ngayo, bayibulala bayidla. Isikhumba sale nyoni esinamapulangwe sasala futhi sawela ezandleni zikaWalter Mantell.
Kamuva, enye inyoni yabanjwa, kulokhu skeleton yayo ephelele yathunyelwa eLondon, lapho yahlolwa khona. Njengomphumela, ososayensi bathola kuwo umehluko othile kusuka kusibonakaliso sokuqala esatholwa uMantell ngo-1847. Baphethe ngokuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukile zokudoba esiqhingini saseNyakatho naseNingizimu Islands yaseNew Zealand. Uhlobo lwesibili olubizwayo I-Notornis hochstetteri ukuhlonipha umhloli wamazwe odumile wase-Australia wase-Australia naseNew Zealand, uSolwazi Hochstetter.
Umbono wokugcina weSubaha wabanjwa ngonyaka we-1898, okwathi emva kwalokho kwafakwa ohlwini lwezilwane ezingasekho.
Ukuphinda uthole
Ngo-1948, ukuphuma eGiofri Orbella emahlathini eTe Anau kwathola ama-taka amabili. Izinyoni zathwetshulwa, zenziwa izindandatho futhi zadedelwa endle. Ngemuva konyaka, uDkt Orbell wathola izidleke. Ngemuva kokuhlola izidleke ezingama-30, wafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi uShakaha uvusa iphuku elilodwa ngonyaka.
Uhulumeni waseNew Zealand umemezele indawo yokuhlala kaTakhe. Indawo yesimanje eLake Te Anau ihlanganisa indawo engamahektha ayi-160,000.