I-oda: Perciformes (Perciformes)
Isizinda: I-Perch
Umndeni: Cichlidae
Bahlala echibini. IMalawi, ebanjelwe endaweni eyisiphepho.
Umzimba uphakama, uthambile ngokulinganayo kamuva. Umlomo ungamathumbu anezindebe ezinde. I-dorsal fin yinde.
Abesilisa banolaka kakhulu komunye nomunye, endaweni. Lapho ugcina abesilisa abaningi, izimpi ziqubuka endaweni engenamuntu engagcwele ndawo ngokuntuleka kwezindawo zokukhosela - ngomphumela obulalayo. Ingagcinwa e-aquarium ejwayelekile namanye amachibi acwebile. IMalawi (okungcono iduna eli-1 elinabesifazane abaningi). Inhlabathi - isihlabathi, amatshe alingisa indawo enamadwala, inani elikhulu lama-grottoes nemihume. Izitshalo ezinamandla ezinesiqu esifushane, ferns ematsheni.
Amanzi: 24 - 28 ° C, dH 8 - 20 °, pH 7.2-8.5, ushintsho lwamasonto onke.
Okuphakelayo: imifino (60%), ngokudlangayo, kanye nezinye.
Amafomu omusi kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhluma, okungaba ku-aquarium ejwayelekile. I. UPetrovitsky (12) uncoma ukubeka amashubhu ambalwa e-ceramic noma epulasitiki e-aquarium ejwayelekile. Ngemuva kokunwebeka, dlulisa ishubhu nowesifazane kufihlwe kuyo isifudumezi. Amaqanda athela amaqanda (afinyelela kuma-80 ama-pcs.) Emashalofini noma etsheni, abese elufaka emlonyeni wakhe.
Ungondli noma uphazamise insikazi. ngaphandle kwalokho ingadla i-caviar. (Owesifazane angakhipha i-caviar emlonyeni wakhe bese edlulisela kwi-incubator). Isikhathi sokufakwa kwezinsuku ziyizinsuku eziyi-17- 26.
I-Starter feed: ama-rotifers, ama-cyclops ama-nauplii kanye ne-brine shrimp.
Ukuthomba ngezinyanga eziyi-10 - 12.
Izinhlobo ze-melanochromis interbreed.
I-Golden melanochromis. I-parrot yegolide: ukufuya nokufuya izinhlanzi.
Photo: Melanochromis auratus
Photo: Melanochromis auratus
Ungakanani kufika ku-11 cm.
Ukuphila eLake Malawi, South Africa.
Kwowesilisa, umzimba ophansi umnyama, kowesifazane, uphuzi.
Izinhlanzi zigcinwa ezindaweni zokudotshwa kwezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezinezikejana eziningi nezindawo zokukhosela. Abesilisa banolaka, ikakhulukazi kubalingani babo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugcina owesilisa oyedwa nabesifazane abaningana e-aquarium. Noma kunjalo umakhelwane ne i-auratus inani elikhulu lezinhlanzi zezinye izinhlobo linciphisa ulaka lwalo. Njengabo bonke abamele ama-cichlid ase-Afrika, i-auratusy Musa ukubekezelela izimvume ku-aquarium. Imvamisa, ukwethulwa noma ukususwa kwesembozo kugcina ngokulwa. Izinhlanzi zidla noma yikuphi ukudla okuphilayo nokomile, kepha ingxenye eyinhloko ekudleni kufanele kube ukudla kwezitshalo.
Amanzi okugcina nokuzalela: dH ngenhla kwe-10 °, pH ngenhla kwe-7.0, t 22-26 ° C. Ukuhlunga kwamanzi okuphoqelekile.
Kufakwe auratusov e-aquarium efanayo lapho zigcinwa khona. Owesifazane uqoqa amaqanda avundisiwe futhi avundisiwe emlonyeni wakhe. Ngalesi sikhathi, kulula ukuhlukanisa nge-saggy goiter. Owesifazane uvame ukucasha endaweni yokukhosela, okumele idluliselwe kuyo isihlakala. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa amaqanda, okuthatha izinsuku ezingama-22- 26, insikazi ayondli. Ukhipha i-fry evuthiwe.
I-Starter feed - I-Artemia kanye nezigcawu ezincane.
Ukuzala futhi ukubukeka
Lolu hlobo lwe-melanochromis luvame kakhulu ukufuywa emakhaya nasezinhlanzini ezindaweni zomphakathi. Isizathu umbala ocebile, okhanyayo futhi ongacabangi. Kwesinye isikhathi ungathola izinsolo zokuthi ama-cichlid anokuthula, okubuye kube yindawo evumayo. Zingakwazi nokuzalela e-aquarium ejwayelekile, lapho ukuthosa kukhula emlonyeni wowesifazane (ngokungafani ne-arovan, lapho owesilisa ethwala i-fry emlonyeni). Ngemuva kwamaviki amathathu, izingane sezikulungele ukuziphilisa nokuzidla zodwa, zicashe emahlathini ezitshalo naphakathi kokuhlobisa kwe-aquarium.
I-Melanochromis auratus inesimo sokubonakala kwama-cichlids amaningi:
- Umzimba omncane ophakeme ucindezelwe kancane ukusuka ezinhlangothini,
- inhloko enkulu enomlomo wesifo onezindebe eziwugqinsi,
- isibumbeko sobumbhalo wamaphakathi
Ubude besilisa bufika kumasentimitha ayi-11, izinsikazi zincane kancane - kufinyelela ku-9-10 amasentimitha.
Umbala owesilisa nowesifazane
Abesilisa nabesilisa abadala bahluka kakhulu ngombala. Ulutsha lwe-melanochromis ye-grey lunombala ophuzi, ngasohlangothini ngalunye kunemivimbo emnyama emibili, kanti eyesithathu isendaweni ye-dorsal fin. Imicu ephansi iqala esweni ize ifinyelele maphakathi ne-caudal fin.
Ngesikhathi sokuthomba (izinyanga ezi-6 kuya kwezi-9), umbala wesilisa uyashintsha: ukukhala kwabesilisa kuyahamba, bese iba mnyama kakhulu. Umbala wokugcina owesilisa owedlule ubunjwa ngeminyaka yobudala bunye:
- isisu nesiqu kube mnyama,
- ohlangothini ngalunye kunemichilo emibili elula yombala ophuzi okwesibhakabhaka, usuka esweni uye ekuqaleni kwephini le-caudal.
Izinsikazi ezivuthiwe ngokobulili zigcina umbala wazo ophuzi nemivimbo emnyama ngokuphelele, njengoba kwaba njalo nazo zisencane. Kwabesifazane, umsila ongxenyeni engenhla uhlotshiswe ngephethini emnyama emnyama ngemuva, kanti ingxenye yayo engezansi iphuzi. Mhlawumbe, igama le-cichlid melanochromis yegolide lihlotshaniswa nombala wezinsikazi. Ngakho-ke, kunelinye igama lalezi zinhlobo - i-cichlid yaseMalawi.
Umbala owesilisa nowesifazane ufana ncamashi:
- umbala omkhulu wesilisa owesilisa ubumnyama, owensikazi uyigolide,
- imivimbo esezinhlangothini zabesilisa ilula, futhi kwabesifazane - kumnyama (onsundu noma mnyama),
Uma uthatha isinqumo sokutshala iqembu labesilisa nabesifazane abaningi e-aquarium eyodwa, khetha i-aquarium enomthamo wamalitha ayi-100 - 200 (kungaphansi kwalokho). IMelanochromis auratus yinhlanzi eyindawo enkulu kakhulu. Abesilisa bavikela ngobudlova "indawo yabo yokuhlala" Zilungiselele ukuthi ngenxa yezimpi ezinde phakathi kwabesilisa, kusasele eyodwa kuphela yazo. Kungcono kakhulu ukuthenga owesilisa oyedwa nowesifazane abaningi (2-4).
Isici esithandekayo yi-cichlid yegolide., uma utshala insikazi kuphela. Omunye wabo uzothola umbala wesilisa, kepha ubulili ngeke buguquke, uhlala owesimame.
Lapho ugcina i-auratus, i-aquarium ingaba ngamalitha angama-60 ngevolumu. Uma une-aquarium ebanzi, khona-ke le nhlobo ingagcinwa ndawonye nezinhlobo zama-cichlid aqhamuka eTanganyika naseMalawi. Qiniseka ukubeka indawo yokukhosela eyanele ku-aquarium.
Umsoco
I-Melanochromis auratus iningi lama-imifino, kepha futhi idla nokudla kwezilwane. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungabaniki ukudla okunama-khalori amaningi aphezulu. Amanani amakhulu okuphakelwa kwezilwane angadala ukukhathazeka kwesisu, ikakhulukazi ezinhlanzini ezindala kunonyaka.
Ukudla Okunconyelwe i-Auratus:
- Ukudla okomile nge-spirulina,
- imifino ephekiwe kancane
- i-nettle, dandelion kanye ne-lettuce kushiya kukhubazeke ngamanzi abilayo,
- UTetra noSera banikeza ama-feed akhethekile ama-cichlids e-herbivorous,
- inani elincane lezilwane zokudla eqandisiwe: i-bloodworm, ishubhu, izigcawu.
Lama-cichlid angabathandi abahle bezitshalo ze-aquarium ezinamaqabunga ezintekenteke.