Izinyoka ezinoshevu zaseNyakatho Caucasus zifaka phakathi izinhlobo ezimbalwa zezilwane, kodwa ezithandwa kakhulu yiqiniso. Hlangana inyoka enobuthi eCaucasus kungenzeka cishe yonke indawo. Le inyoka inosayizi omncane kunokuba ifinyelele ku-75 cm, ngenkathi umbala wayo ungasusela kokumpunga kuya obomvu ngokubomvu, unephethini ekhanda. Kusukela ekuzalweni, izinyoka sezivele zinobuthi. Uma usendleleni yokuhlangana nesengezo, khona-ke ngeke ukwazi ukwenza ukunyakaza okungazelelwe, ukuze ungavumeli inyoka.
Izinyoka zangempela
Uhlobo lwezinyoka lubandakanya izinhlobo eziyisithupha zezinyoka ezinobuthi ezingatholakala eCaucasus, lezi yizinyoka ezinamaphaphu, inyoka ka-Nikolsky, inyoka kaLotiev, isinyoka seCaucasus, inyoka esejwayelekile.
Ngesikhathi sokulunywa kwanoma yiziphi zalezi zinhlobo zezinyoka, kuqubuka izinhlungu ezibangelwa ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo, kuqhamuka amahora ambalwa kamuva kuvela i-lymphangitis, i-necrosis yendawo ibonakale, kanye nokuvela kwamabhulashi e-hemorrhagic amahora amabili ngemuva kwalokho okwenzekile. Kuzo zonke izinyoka, ubuthi benyoka buthi obunobuthi obukhulu kunabo bonke, kepha ukufa ngokulunywa yinto engavamile kakhulu, ngoba inyoka iluma ubuthi obuncane futhi iluma ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Lesi sikhathi sanele ukufuna usizo lukadokotela.
Ama-Vipers angatholakala kuma-stumps abolile, emiseleni yezilwane, emifantwini yamatshe noma ezihlahleni. Ama-Vipers avame ukukhukhuleka elangeni. Njengoba uhlangane nenyoka, zama ukungazenzi ngokushesha.
I-Caucasian viper inyoka yodwa enobuthi
Siphawula masinyane ukuthi le nyoka ifakwe kuhlu encwadini ebomvu ye Russian Russian kanye neNcwadi Ebomvu yeKrasnodar Territory. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokubukeka okwesabekayo kwenyoka, ukumcunula noma ukumhlasela kuqala akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele.
Inyoka yaseCaucasian. Photo: https://www.instagram.com/p/BzD68IdIKRK/
Ngobude, le nyoka ikhula ibe ngama-65-70 cm kuphela.Izinqa eziphuzi noma ezibomvu zitholakala ngemuva kwayo ngemigqa emibili. Lawa mabala enza iphethini elimnyama le-zigzag. Kepha akuzona zonke izinyoka ezinamaphethini anjalo emhlane wakhe: kukhona futhi nezinhlobo ezimnyama ngokuphelele. Futhi izici ezimbili eziyinhloko ezahlukayo zalenyoka yikhanda elibunjiwe ngomkhonto nezinyawo zabafundi.
Ungahlangana nenyoka yeCaucasus ezintabeni, emithambekeni embozwe ngotshani obunemithi (kufika ku-800 m ngaphezu kolwandle).
Yebo, inyoka yaseCaucasi inyoka enobuthi. Kepha izindlala namazinyo anobuthi akakhelwanga ukubulala inyamazane kuphela, kepha futhi nokuvikela ezitheni. Khumbula: inyoka ingaluma umuntu ngezinhloso zokuzivikela kuphela! Uma kungekho sizathu sokuhlasela, inyoka izodlula idlule. Ngendlela, ukubukeka okubi nokubonakala kwenyoka akuhlangene ngalutho nokubonakaliswa kwemizwa ngokuqondene nomuntu (futhi hhayi kuphela).
Uma inyoka isahlasela, imvamisa ikwenza kaningi lokhu. Inyoka ayinamehlo amabi ngakho-ke ukunemba kokuhlaselwa kwayo kubuthakathaka. Nxephezela lokhu kuzoba yinani lemivimbo.
Sekujwayelekile
Okujwayelekile vele - lokhu kungenye yezinyoka ezingabonakala kalula. Isibonakaliso okulula ukusihlukanisa kwezinye izirhubuluzi yizindawo ezimbili eziphuzi ngemuva kwekhanda.
Sekujwayelekile. Isithombe: JanRehschuh
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi umbala wenyoka awuhlali unombala omnyama namalahle: ungathola futhi abamele ukukhanya kwale nhlobo. Izinyoka zinciphile kakhulu futhi zinde kunezinyoka: ubude bazo bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5. Futhi ungahlukanisa inyoka eqhameni ngesimo sekhanda (inhloko iyindilinga, i-ovoid ngesimo senyoka) kanye nesimo sabafundi (ngesimo somfundi, ngesimo sezindilinga). Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoka azinamazinyo anobuthi.
Le inyoka nayo ibhalwe ku-Red Book of the Russian Federation. Azinangozi futhi, zibona ingozi, zikhetha ukuhlahlela noma sengathi zifile. Kusesimweni esedlulele kuphela, lapho ezinye izindlela zokuvikela ebungozini bangaphandle zingasebenzi, lapho "kungenza ukuhlasela" ngekhono labo lokukhipha iphunga elibukhali nelingathandeki. Uma uhlangana nale "ngane", ungamcasuli!
Inyoka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Caspian)
Inyoka enamabala aphuzi kungenye inyoka ehlala eSocrhi futhi ebhalwe encwadini ebomvu yeRussia Federation. Futhi siyakucela ukuthi ungayicasuli le nyoka, engenabo ubuthi futhi engenangozi kubantu. Njenganoma iyiphi enye inyoka, inyoka lapho ihlangana nomuntu, kungenzeka kakhulu, izozama ukucasha ngokushesha.
Inyoka enamabala aphuzi. Photo: Yuri Kvach
Inyoka enombala ophuzi, noma iCaspian ibhekwa njengenye yezinyoka ezinkulu kunazo zonke eYurophu. Ubude bomuntu omdala bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2-2,5. Le nyoka ihlukaniswa ngombono omuhle kakhulu, ukusabela okusheshayo kanye nesivinini esikhulu sokunyakaza.
Isici esivelele senyoka ukubukeka kwayo. Ingxenye ephezulu yomzimba ingwevu yomnqumo, futhi maphakathi nesikali ngasinye kunamanxeba amancane wokukhanya obude. Ingxenye engezansi yomzimba yi-monophonic - ephuzi.
Inyoka enombala ophuzi ingahlasela kuphela uma umuntu emsongela. Le inyoka ithatha indawo eyisongo ebonakalisayo, imemeza kakhulu, ngomlomo wayo uvuleke kakhulu. Uma uthola inyoka enebala ophuzi futhi ungahlangani nayo, musa ukubamba induku noma itshe khona manjalo. Isenzo esinengqondo kunazo zonke esimweni esinjalo ukuziphindisela emuva futhi unikeze inyoka ithuba lokucasha ngaphandle kokuvinjwa.
Inyoka ye-Aesculapian
Futhi lo mngani onobuhlakani uyaziwa cishe yiwo wonke umuntu. Ngemuva kwenyoka ye-Aesculapian kukhonjiswa isifanekiselo somuthi.
Inyoka ye-Aesculapian. Isithombe: Felix Reimann
Inyoka ka-Aesculapius nayo ifakwe kuhlu encwadini ebomvu ye-Krasnodar Territory. Njengazo zonke izinyoka ezihlala eSocrhi, ngaphandle kwenyoka yaseCaucasus, le nyoka ayinabungozi futhi ayisiyingozi ebantwini.
Inyoka yakwa-Eskulapov, efanayo ncamashi nalena enamabala aphuzi, ibhekwa njengenye yezinyoka ezinkulu kunazo zonke eYurophu futhi ingafinyelela ubude bamamitha ayi-2. Inyoka le inenwele, ikhanda layo elincane limunca emzimbeni. Ingxenye yenyoka ipendiwe kumnqumo omnyama noma omnyama. Isisu sikhanya. Ngokumangazayo, phakathi kwabantu benyoka ye-Aesculapian ungathola ama-albino (umzimba wenyoka unombala otshanini, futhi amehlo nolimi abomvu).
Inyoka ye-Aesculapian ibizwa nangokuthi ihlathi, njengoba le nyoka inyuka kahle emagatsheni ezihlahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inyoka igwema izikhala ezivulekile namabhaskiti elangeni emthunzini oyingxenye. Inyoka ka-Aesculapian ibhukuda kahle.
Inyoka ka-Aesculapius, njengodadewabo ocijelwe ngotshani, ingaphendula umuntu ngolaka kuphela lapho izwa usongo empilweni yayo.
Ngeshwa, isitha esikhulu sazo zonke izinyoka umuntu. Abantu bavame ukubulala noma ukubamba lezi zinyoka, ngokuphelele bengacabangi ukuthi ngokwenza njalo banciphisa inani labo. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi izinyoka ziyizilwane ezibomvu. Udinga ukubaphatha ngokucophelela.
Enye inyoka yeSlohi
IMedyanka inyoka ephakathi nendawo. Ubude bomuntu omdala bungafinyelela ku-75 cm. I-zethusi enekhanda liyisicaba, elihlangana kahle nentamo.
Copper. Isithombe: vseonauke.com
I-ironfish ihluke kwizinyoka zangaphambili ezilinganisweni zayo ngisho futhi ezibushelelezi. Ingxenye ephezulu yomzimba wenyoka insundu, futhi esiswini sayo kukhona umucu ompunga. Ngaphansi komsila kunethunzi elikhanyayo. Ikhanda lethusi linomucu omnyama ekhanda. Ezinhlangothini zomzimba wenyoka ungabona iphethini yamachashazi amancane.
I-Copper ingagibela izihlahla futhi ibhukude. Uma inyoka isengozini, ingacasha echibini. Enye uhlamvu lwemali yethusi, oluzivikela, ifihla ikhanda lize ligaxe ngebhola eliqinile. Lesi sikhundla sivumela inyoka ukuba ihlasele kabukhali owonile.
Inyoka le ayinabungozi futhi ayinobuthi kubantu.
I-Yellow-pusik
I-yellowfoot yisilo esingenamlenze. Ungayihlukanisa kanjani i-yellowfan inyoka? I-yellowfuse inezinkophe ezifudukayo ngaphezu kwamehlo (izibankwa ziyakwazi ukugcwala) futhi azinamazinyo anobuthi.
Okuphuziwe. Isithombe: Konstantinos Kalaentzis
I-Yellowfin - isibankwa esikhulu. Ubude bomuntu omdala bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5. Ikhanda lakhe, elincishisiwe ekugcineni, lihlangana nomzimba omude, odlulela ngokushelelayo emsileni. Kukhona igebe elincane phakathi kwesisu nomhlane wephuzi-pusik, eliqukethe isikali ngaphandle kwesisekelo esiqinile. Lesi sikhala esivela ohlangothini sifana ne-crease. Le "fold" inika umzimba ukuhamba kwe-lizard. Iphinde inyuse nosayizi we-yellowfang ngenkathi ibhungane lidla noma lithwele amaqanda. Umzimba wephuzi-pusik onsundu noma uphuzi. Umbala uvame ukuhlanjululwa ngamachashazi. Akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi isisu sephuzi-pusik ngombala ophuzi.
Njengoba sesishilo, i-yellowfang ayinamazinyo anobuthi. Kepha unamazinyo amfushane futhi anamandla kakhulu, agaya ngawo amathambo anzima ezisulu zakhe. Futhi izisulu ze-yellow-bellows ziyizindlwana ezincane ezilimaza ezolimo. Le-yellowfin iyasebenziseka yingakho leli bhenqa lingabulawa.
Yini esongela i-yellow-pusik? Ukucekelwa phansi kwendawo okuhlala kuyo ngenxa yezakhiwo noma imililo, ukuhlukunyezwa kwabantu nokufa emigwaqweni.
Isigaxa esintekenteke (ithusi)
Isigaxa esibuthakathaka, noma umkopishi, ngesinye isililo esingenamlenze.
Isigaxa ezintekenteke (ithusi). Photo: Animalreader.ru
Lesi bungu, njenge-yellowfang, lihlukile ezinyoka ngokubakhona kwejwabu leso elihambayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-spindle ingakha umsila, njengamanye ama-lizons amaningi. Omunye umehluko phakathi kwe-spindle nezinyoka ukwakheka komzimba: i-spindle, efana nephuzi elinombala ophuzi, ayinakho ukuguquka okusobala ukusuka ekhanda kuye emzimbeni, kepha intamo ingatholakala izinyoka.
Ngokuvamile ifilakisi yethusi ihlanganiswa nefilakisi lethusi elivamile. Umehluko omkhulu ukuziphatha kwabo. Isigaxa sethusi, esiyinyoka, sihlangane nomuntu esiyisongela ngendlela, sizocambalela ebhola, okomlomo, umlomo ovulekile kakhulu. Kepha i-conifer ngeke isabele kanjalo. Ihamba nje.
Ngalunywa yinyoka, kufanele ngenzeni?
Akekho kithina ophephile ngokuhlangana nenyoka edolobheni laseSochi. U-Ilya Bunin, umthwebuli wezithombe wemvelo osedolobheni laseSochi, usitshele okufanele ukwenze uma uhlangana nenyoka futhi uma inyoka ikuluma.
Izinyoka zethu azinabungozi ngokwanele, uma ziqhathaniswa ne-Australia, ngokwesibonelo. Isikhathi sokwenza kwabo kusentwasahlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, isikhathi sazo sokuzala siyaqala futhi ukuvinjwa kwabo kuphele.
Yinyoka eyodwa enobuthi kuphela ku-Sochi - inyoka yaseCaucasus, ehlukaniswa kalula yikhanda elenziwe ngomkhonto elihlotshiswe ngama-roller and puptical puplies. Imvamisa inombala ogqamile - obomvu noma obomvu, futhi kulo lonke ubude bomzimba - iphethini ye-zigzag imnyama.
Izinyoka zesaba kakhulu abantu ukwedlula thina. Bahlasela mhlawumbe lapho bangeniselwa, noma ngenye indlela babathinte. Uma inyoka iqala ukukhala futhi iphathe ngobudlova, khona-ke kufanele sibuyele ngaphandle kokunyakaza okungazelelwe!
Awukwazi (!) Fulathela. Uma unento ezandleni zakho (induku noma isikhwama sangemuva), udinga ukuyibamba phambi kwakho bese ubuyela emuva kancane.
Udinga ukuhamba ehlathini ulandela imizila. Uma uzulazula ezintangeni ezinesiphepho zotshani noma yezimbali, zama ukuzihlola ngaphambi kwalokho. Inyoka kulula ukuyibona umkhondo.
Uma inyoka ilume, kuyadingeka ukufaka ingxenye yomzimba lapho inyoka ikhiphe ubuthi bayo, inikeze isisulu nge-antihistamine futhi inikeze amanzi amaningi. Awukwazi (!) Ukuphuza utshwala, ukuluma kahle, ukusebenzisa i-tourniquet, nokusebenzisa izinto eziluhlaza.
Icebo elilodwa futhi: uma uya ehlathini, kungcono ukugqoka izingubo ezinjalo (amabhulukwe) ukuze kungabikho zitho zomzimba ezivulekile. Kuzokuvikela nemikhaza.
U-Anatoly Nikolayevich Kudaktin, ilungu elihlala njalo loMkhandlu Wezazi Yezemithombo Yezemvelo LaseRussia, uchwepheshe weWWF WWF, umgcini womsebenzi wokucwaninga we-Association of Caucasus Reservation, naye uphawule ngalesi simo ngezinyoka ezenziwa yiSochi24 zeSochi24:
Inyoka, mhlawumbe, yayingasekho. Ama-Kites aminyene ekwakhiweni kwamadolobha, anciphisa izikhala eziluhlaza nezindawo zokupaka edolobheni. Lokho wukuthi, uma izinyoka zihlala endaweni engamahektare angama-2-3, manje sezihlala kumahektare angama-2-3.
Ngeshwa, isimo sengqondo sokudonswa izinyoka kubantu singemibi kakhulu. Abantu babona ezinyoka zezitha ezithile ezingajwayelekile. Yize izinyoka zivame ukungahambi muntu, azisidingi: zinezinto zazo zokudla, izimpilo zazo. Nemizamo yokujaha, ukubulala inyoka (kungani ungaqondi) - konke lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni kokuhlukahlukana kwethu kwezinto eziphilayo, izinto zomhlaba wezilwane. Ngiyacela, ubone inyoka - thatha isithombe ushiye uthule. Akasithinti futhi asimthinti - nansi indlela engcono kakhulu yokuziphatha.
Izinyoka ezinoshevu zeCaucasus
Izinyoka ezinobuthi zitholakala iningi leCaucasus, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba izivakashi kanye nabahlali bendawo baqonde ukuthi ngubani okufanele basabe nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe.
Ekhuluma ngezinyoka ezinkulu zeCaucasus, ngokuyinhloko zisho i-gyurza ehlala eDagestan. Abanye abamele le nhlobo bafinyelela ubude bamamitha amabili. IGyurza ingesinye sezinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu kubantu, yisihlungu se-cobra kuphela esinobuthi ukwedlula ubuthi baso. Namuhla, inani labantu lincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke izinhlobo zohlu zibhalwe kwiNcwadi ebomvu.
Ezinye izinyoka ezisongela impilo eDagestan yizinyoka. Kodwa-ke, lo mndeni utholakala kulo lonke iCaucasus, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoka:
Ama-Vipers eCaucasus
Inyoka eselekeni inyoka enkulu enombala onsundu, ibikade ibanjwa ukuthola ubuthi. Manje isongelwa ngokuqothulwa futhi ivikelwe yiBerne Convention. Inyoka yaseCaucasi iyafana ne-steppe, iyahlukahluka endaweni yayo nombala ogqamile.
Ochwepheshe babheka i-Dinnik viper njengommeleli omuhle kakhulu womndeni. Ngeke uhlangane naye ethafeni, ungumhlali ohlala ezintabeni. Indawo yokuhlala yezinhlobo isukela kumuntu owodwa nohhafu kuya kumamitha ayizinkulungwane ezintathu ngaphezu kolwandle.
Ezindaweni ezisezintabeni zeCaucasus, umuntu angathola nezinyoka zeLotiev. Le nyoka enobuthi iyatholakala, njengomthetho, ezindaweni eziphakeme ngamamitha ayinkulungwane nengxenye ngaphezu kolwandle. Yize kungabikwa muntu wokufa, izivakashi kufanele ziqaphele: ukuluma kwakhe kuyingozi impela. Isisu senyoka simhlophe, kanti ingemuva lihlotshiswe ngentambo emnyama ye-zigzag. I-viper Lotiev ihlala ebumnyameni be-Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Dagestan, North Ossetia, Chechnya.
Izinyoka ezingenabungozi zeCaucasus
Phakathi kwezinyoka ezinobuthi zeChechnya nakwezinye izindawo zaseCaucasian, umndeni wezinyoka ungahlukaniswa kuqala, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zivame kakhulu eCaucasus:
izinyoka ezinomnqumo nezimibalabala, izinyoka ezivamile zeNyakatho Caucasus,
AbakwaTranscaucasian, bahlala e-Ingushetia, eNyakatho Ossetia nasezifundeni ezingomakhelwane,
I-Aesculapius, eyaziwa yibo bonke ngesithombe esifanekisweni yezokwelapha,
bomvu obomvu futhi ophuzi, okuphathelene nohlobo lwe-hierophis.
Izinyoka ezihlukile, ezingenangozi kubantu, zihlala eDagestan: ziyinyoka yekati yaseCaucasian ne-eirenis enamabala. Owokuqala ubuhle basebusuku obunomfundi wekati omile, okhetha ukuhlala ezihlahleni. Eyesibili inyoka encane enomugqa omnyama obunjiweyo ofana nekhola.
Izinyoka zasemfuleni zeCaucasus - izinyoka zamanzi - ziyizidalwa ezinhle ezingenalo ulaka ezithanda izihlambi ezingcolile futhi ziphephe ngokuphelele kubantu, naphezu kwezinganekwane eziningi. Ngeshwa, zivame ukuqothulwa, zinqunyelwa amahemuhemu okulimala okushonayo. Le ncazelo ilula: izisulu, njengomthetho, azizinhle kakhulu ezinyoka futhi zithatha inyoka enobuthi ukuze inyoka engenangozi. Izinyoka ezinjalo zingenye yezinyoka ezivame kakhulu eStavropol Territory.
ECaucasus, kukhona nezikopishi nezinyoka ezivamile. Ziphinde zihlanganiswe njalo nezinyoka futhi ziqothulwe ngokungenacala. ICopperwort ingahlukaniswa ngezikali ezibushelelezi nezihlangu ezinkulu ekhanda, nenyoka - ngezindlebe eziphuzi.
Izinyoka ezivamile
Inobuthi, kepha ubuthi bayo abbuthakathaka, banele ukubulala igundane noma isele, okuthi, njengommiselo, le nyoka idle. Amaphesenti okushona kokulimala kwakhe kubantu akufinyeleli ku-0,5%. Engcupheni yizingane nabantu asebekhulile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwesihlungu senyoka ejwayelekile kudinga amandla amaningi, ngakho-ke, ayichithi izinsiza zayo ngaphandle kwesizathu esihle futhi ihlasela umuntu uma kwenzeka ecasulwa.
Izici ezihlukile zenyoka ejwayelekile:
unxantathu, njengomkhonto, ububanzi obubanzi,
Ezweni lethu ungahlangana hhayi kuphela nommeli lo, kodwa nezinye izinhlobo zohlobo lwezinyoka zangempela.
ISteppe viper
Ezindaweni eziseningizimu engxenyeni yaseYurophu yeRussia, eNyakatho Caucasus naseCrimea, ihloka le-steppe lisabalele. Unobuthi obunamandla amancane, ngoba ikakhulukazi udla izinambuzane, isikhonyane nezinhlanga, futhi izinga lobuthi elibuthakathaka lanele ukubabulala. U-Igor Doronin waphawula ukuthi akubanga khona ukubulawa ngabantu abalimayo.
Imuzzle
Emasimini esifundeni esiseLower Volga eMpumalanga Ekude, kunolunye uhlobo lwezinyoka - i-muzzle. Inani eliphakeme lomsebenzi wakhe liwela entwasahlobo, ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka uziphatha ngolaka. Ngobuthi bakhe, uyakwazi ukubulala ihhashi. Kumuntu ophile kahle, akayona ingozi, yize ukuluma kwakhe kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu futhi obuhlala isikhathi eside. Isimo sezulu esishisa kakhulu, umhluzi uthanda ukuhlala ehlathini, phakathi kwamatshe, emiseleni yegundane lensimu. Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi umuntu ahlale emathangeni aminyene. Noma kule mizuzu esondele kakhulu ungalahli ukuqaphela. IShandomordnik ingagxuma futhi ilume izingxenye zomzimba wakho ezingenalutho. Ngenxa yombala onsundu kanye onsundu ngombala omncane onamabala amnyama amnyama, akulula ukuwunaka.
I-Caucasian viper kanye ne-Dinnik viper
Noma ngubani oya esifundeni se-alpine noma emahlathini eWestern Caucasus angahlangana nenyoka yeCaucasian neenyoka. Ubuthi babo bunamandla kunabo bonke. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bahlala ezindaweni ezinolaka, lapho kulula khona ukucasha inyamazane. Badinga ukubulala isisulu ngokushesha okukhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze bangashabalali ngemuva kwayo ezintabeni amabanga amade.
Lezi zinhlobo zezinyoka ezinqabile azibonakali kakhulu namuhla. Kubhalwe ku-Red Book: umhlangano nabo kungenzeka kakhulu endaweni yeCaucasus Reserve, iSochi National Park, e-Abkhazia. Izinyoka zaseCaucasan zinemibala ekhanyayo: njengomthetho, ngombala obomvu, we-lime. Ukulunywa yileli nyoka kuphumelela kakhulu futhi kubuhlungu. Lokhu kungenxa yokwakheka komlomo: ubuthi buhanjiswa emithanjeni emhlathini ongenhla bese budlula ngebhubhu buqonde emafutheni amade nangaphakathi ngaphakathi. Ukwenza isibonelo, kwinyoka yase-Gabon yase-Afrika, amazinyo angafinyelela ku-5 cm. Ngesikhathi kuhlaselwa inyoka, umlomo wayo ungavulwa ngama-degree angama-180, ama-fangs athuthukile. Lapho inyoka iluma isisulu, izicubu ezizungeze inkontileka yezindlala, ngaleyo ndlela incindezela ubuthi. Lokhu kufana nokusebenza kwama-syringes amabili. Ezikhathini ezijwayelekile, izingwebu zalenyoka ziyagoqwa emuva. Idivaysi yomlomo wenyoka ifana ne-penknife, emaphethelo ayo angena kalula esibambo. Ngokuvamile, izinyoka yizinyoka ezinobuthi eziphelele, zinamathuluzi anethuthukile anobuthi, ”kwengeza u-Igor Igorevich.
U-Igor Doronin kwenzeka ukuthi abambe izinyoka ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Njengoba impilo ikhombisile, lezi zinyoka azinalo ulaka, ziziphatha ngokuthula impela. Kodwa-ke, yena ngokwakhe uzama ukungabathinti, kakhulu ukubabamba. Ngemuva kwakho konke, izinyoka ziluma njalo ngisho nalabo bantu abaziphatha ngokuthile ekubambeni kwabo:
Izinyoka yizilwane ezinamandla. Uma uthatha inyoka ngensimbi, ingaluma imihlathi yayo ukuluma umuntu ngamazinyo ayo.
IGyurza
Ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke kwizilwane zethu inyoka ebizwa ngokuthi yi-gyurza. Akusizi ngalutho igama layo elidala laseRussia - inyoka ethuneni. E-Russia, kuhlala eDagestan kuphela. Lapho ungahlangana naye ezintabeni nasezintabeni. Ikakhulu, endaweni yedolobha laseDerbent.
Lesi yinyoka enkulu kunazo zonke zezidalwa zaseRussia, efinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ubude futhi inesisindo esingamakhilogremu amathathu. Unekhanda elibanzi, esikhundleni se-zigzag eceleni kogobolondo esikhunjeni - iphethini ebonakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingaqashelwa ngumsila wayo omfushane, ovele umeqane nesizinda somzimba omkhulu.
Njengazo zonke izinyoka ezinobuthi, i-gyurza ine-feline, i-vertical pupil. Lokhu kungenxa yendlela yokuphila ebusuku. Ezinyokeni ezingenabuthi - izinyoka, izinyoka - umumbala uyindilinga. Kepha akunakwenzeka ukuthi umuntu ngesikhathi somhlangano nenyoka abheke emehlweni akhe 😅.
IGyurza ingaba nolaka olukhulu kakhulu. Inyoka ejwayelekile, eyi-steppe, yaseCaucasian lapho ihlangana nomuntu ngeke ihlasele kuqala. Bayoxwayisa kuze kube kowokugcina: “Ungangithinti: unobuthi! Kungcono uhambe. ” IGyurza ingahlasela kuqala ngaphandle kwesixwayiso, ikakhulukazi kaningi
entwasahlobo ngesikhathi sokuzalela. Inani lokufa kwabantu ukulunywa yi-gyurza likhulu kakhulu kunokulunywa yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka.
Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, le nyoka yabanjwa ngenkuthalo: kwakukhona izidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi ama-painkillers, amaserafu e-antivenom. Ubuthi be-Gyurza babuye busetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-hemophilia, isimila esibuhlungu, kanye nokunciphisa umfutho wegazi. Kuze kube namuhla, lobu buthi busetshenziswa kabanzi ekhemisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-zoo ayedingeka ukuzingela. Ngenxa yalokhu, namuhla i-gyurza ibhalwe ku-Red Book of Russia. Umzingeli wenyoka oqeqeshiwe uyakwazi ukuqothula bonke abantu ngesizini eyodwa.
Ufuna ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ulunywa yinyoka, kanti umshwalense uzosebenza kanjani nenyoka? Ngemuva kwaloko funda indzaba:
Inyoka endlini
Abantu bebelokhu befuna ukugcina okungajwayelekile kubo. Ngisho naseSoviet Union, abathandi benyoka bakwazile ukuthenga abantu abahlukahlukene phesheya. Manje izilwane ze-terrarium ziyimakethe enkulu, ngakho inani elikhulu labantu lifuna ukubhekana nazo. Kwi-Intanethi ungathenga kalula inyoka enobuthi: i-king cobra noma i-mamba emnyama, kuluma okungekho okungekho kuyo izidakamizwa.
"Wonke umuntu ukhumbula izindaba ezihlekisayo zokushona kuka-Arslan Valeev," u-Igor Doronin wabelana ngezinto azikhumbule. - Bengimazi, wayengumuntu omuhle kakhulu we-terrarium, equkethe inani elikhulu lezinhlobo, azifuye. Izilwane azizala ngempumelelo, okuqabukela kakhulu esimweni esingaphili. Kepha, ngeshwa, wayenothando lwezinyoka ezinobuthi. Lapha, ngokulunywa yinyoka enobuthi, yafa. Ngisho naku-zoo manje azikhombisi izinyoka ezinobuthi. Noma ngubani ohlanya angaphula iwindi lesitolo - kanti ngobuthi bakhe inyoka eyodwa ingabulala abantu abaningi. "
Kungani umuntu esaba izinyoka
Izazi zesimanje zesimanje zinesiqiniseko sokuthi indoda yesaba izinyoka hhayi ngoba inomoya ubuthakathaka. Uyabesaba ngemvelo. Ngisho nomuntu ogebha inyoka, obelokhu ebamba impilo yonke impilo yakhe, wethuka kakhulu uma kungazelelwe ephonsa into efana nenyoka.
Onke amakati akhungathekile ngokwesaba izinyoka. I-chimpanzee - umzala wethu osondele kakhulu - inaso ngisho isibonakaliso esikhethekile esibonisa inyoka esondelayo. Lokhu ukukhala okuthile, kufana nokuhlehla komoya kowesifazane. Onke amakati anthropoid ahlela izindawo zokulala egqumeni: emithini nasezihlahleni, lapho akhona khona amagatsha alethe amaqabunga lapho. Ama-anthropoid apes ahlala lapho kuhlala khona isibalo esikhulu sezilwane ezinobuthi. Zonke izinkawu zingama-ophidiophobes, okungukuthi, zinokwesaba okubi kwezinyoka. Futhi umuntu cishe kuwo wonke amasiko ngokwemvelo ufuna ukukhuphukela phezulu hhayi ngoba kubanda nokusalungiswa. Ngisho ehlobo, uma silala phansi, sizwa ukungakhululeki. Sigibela i-dais, sizama ukuqeda umhlangano ngezinyoka ezinobuthi, "kusho u-Igor Doronin.
Kukhona futhi nencazelo eyaziwayo yokwesaba izinyoka ngombono ongokwenkolo. Wonke umuntu uyakhumbula ukuthi ukuwa kokuqala, ngokwebhayibheli, kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lomuntu oyinyoka.
Ukungathandi kwezinyoka komuntu nakho kuye kwaba nobuciko, lapho sivame ukubona amanga ahleliwe kule ndaba. Ezinye iziqephu zilahla izazi zebhayoloji.
Kunomzuzu ohlekisayo kwifilimu ethi "Sannikov Land": umfanyana uthatha inyoka enobuthi futhi afake umcibisholo emlonyeni wakhe. Ngomcibisholo lapho abulala khona umfokazi. Ifilimu isebenzisa amanzi angenangozi ngokuphelele, abantu bayibiza ngokuthi “chess”, futhi ayinobuthi. Iqhawe leNgoma ye-Prophetic Oleg, uma lihlaziywa, kungenzeka ukuthi wayengumuntu ongalunganga. U-Oleg ongokwesiprofetho wayehlala kulezo zindawo zokugcina lapho okwakungamila khona inyoka ejwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inyoka imlume emlenzeni, njengomthetho, lokhu akuyona ukuluma okubulalayo. Ukube ubemlume entanyeni noma ekhanda, lokho bekungaba yinto ehlukile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzungu lwe "Izingoma. "Noma ngabe kuyinganekwane ebhaliwe, noma ukukhishwa inyoka kubangele ukungahambelani kahle ku-Prophetic Oleg," kuphakamisa u-Igor Doronin.
Wonke umuntu owazi kahle izinyoka - izazi zezilwane, abasebenzi bezilwane, abanikazi bezindawo ezisebenzisa imigwaqo, abaculi bemibukiso ehlukahlukene - baygcizelela: izilwane uqobo lwazo azinacala ezingozini eziningi. Iphuzu likhona ekuziphatheni okungalungile komuntu, izinqumo zakhe eziqondwe kabi, ukusabela komzimba okungalindelekile, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ekunakekelweni okujwayelekile. Khumbula lokhu lapho ulibangisa ezintabeni noma ehlathini eliseduze.
Uma inyoka ilume, ngokushesha shayela inombolo yenkampani yokusekelwa ekhonjiswe kunqubomgomo. Ungathola futhi ukhethe inqubomgomo yomshuwalense lapha. Umshuwalense wethu usebenza naseRussia.