Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi kusukela ekwindla sekwephuzile kuya ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, amabhere alala emgodini. Kepha kungani, ngokwesibonelo, kungani izimpisi noma izimpungushe zingakwenzi lokhu? Ososayensi banempendulo yalo mbuzo.

Kungani kufanele ibhere ilale ebusika

Ukucabanga isikhathi eside okunjalo kuyadingeka ukuthi i-clubfinder ilinde izikhathi ezilambile. Amabhere, ngaphezu kwenyama nenhlanzi, adinga ukudla okuningi kwezitshalo ukuze abe nempilo, futhi akukhona ebusika. Ngakho-ke, ehlobo baqoqa futhi banamafutha hibernation, futhi ebusika bamane balale.

Amabhere ansundu kuphela namnyama, ahlala ezimweni ezinzima, aya kolala. Amabhere asemazweni afudumele namabhere we-polar angabusika ngaphandle kokulala - anokudla okwanele. Isibonelo, okumhlophe kunokudla okuningi ebusika kunasehlobo. Kodwa amabhere omama abondla amawundlu amancane, ngisho nakulezi zinhlobo, aya kuyophumula ubusika.

Amabhere alala kanjani

Ukulala, isilwane sidinga ukuthola umgodi ojulile opholile ngaphansi kwezimpande zezihlahla noma emhlabathini, bese usifaka umugqa ngamagatsha owomile kanye nenkawu. Kwesinye isikhathi izizukulwane zamabhere zisebenzisa ikakhulukazi amathole athokomele.

Ngaphambi kokungaziboni, ibhere iba yingozi ngokubabazekayo, futhi lapho lilele, zonke izinqubo emzimbeni wayo zihamba kancane. Ukuphefumula nokuphefumula kuya ngokuya njalo, izinga lokushisa lomzimba lehlela ku-30 ​​ºC.

Njengabantu, amabhere alala ngendlela ehlukile: othile uthanda ukuqamba amanga ngohlangothi lwabo, othile uthokoze amahlombe abo. Ephusheni, bakhotha izinsika zabo, kodwa hhayi ngoba bafuna ukudla, kodwa ngoba isikhumba sabo senziwe musha, sicwengeka futhi silunywa. Ngakho-ke bazama ukubalekela ukulungiswa.

Amabhere alala eyodwa ngasikhathi, kepha amabhere asanda kuzalwa abeka lawo mazinyane. Ngenkathi umama elele, amunca ubisi lwayo, futhi lapho sekufika isikhathi sokuvuka, sesikhulile kakade futhi sesikhulile ngamawele woboya siphuma naye.

Emgodini, amabhere achitha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngalesi sikhathi, bangalahlekelwa uhhafu. Ukufudumala kwentwasahlobo nemizwa yendlala iba yi-alamu kubo.

Kwenzekani uma uvusa ibhere

Amabhere alala ngokukhulu ukucophelela, futhi kulula ukuvuka, kepha kungcono ukungakwenzi lokhu. Njengabantu abangalali kahle, izilwane ezingavuki ngaleso sikhathi ziya ehlathini zisesimweni esibi futhi zingahlasela umuntu. Amabhere angakwazanga ukulala, noma ovuke, abizwa ngokuthi izinduku zokuxhuma.

Kwesinye isikhathi induku yokuxhuma iyolala futhi, kepha amanye amabhere akakwazi ukulala, futhi ayafa ngoba awakwazi ukondla.

Yini ezinye izilwane ezifihlayo

Amabhere awahambi yedwa ngokufuna ukukhonkotha: lapho kunzima ukuthola ukudla, izilwane eziningi ziyalala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hhayi ebusika kuphela, kodwa futhi ehlobo, hhayi kuphela ngenkathi. Isibonelo, ama-hummingbirds kanye namalulwane awela ekubandakanyeni, futhi ama-squirrel akwenza ngokungahambisani - lapho kufika isikhathi ezinzima ngabo.

Ibhere liguqula imodi yalo nje kuphela, lifihle, futhi umzimba wakhe usheshe wehle lapho uphaphama. Futhi amanye amagundane, ngokwesibonelo, ama-squirrels omhlaba, awela ebuthongweni obukhulu kangangokuba izinga lokushisa lawo lihla laya ku-2 ºº: imizimba yalezi zilwane ekule hibernation ibanda njengeqhwa.

Kungani kufanele kube namabhele?

I-zoo inethuba lokubuka amabhere njengoba edla ukudla, noma echitha amahora afudumele osuku ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Kepha amabhere enzani ezinyangeni zasebusika? Kungani ibhere ilele ebusika? Funda ngezansi futhi umangale!

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Amabhere ayazala ngesikhathi hibernation (phakathi nobusika), ondle izingane zawo emgodini ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo.

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Noma ibhere likhulelwa, lokhu akusho ukuthi uzoba nengalo yebhere kulobu busika. Iqala ukuzala entwasahlobo, ngemuva komzuzwana wokukhula kombungu, insikazi “ikhulelwe ukubambezeleka”, umbungu uyeka ukukhula izinyanga eziningana. Uma umama enamandla (i-fat) amaningi agcinwe ukusinda ebusika kanye ne-cub, umbungu uzoqhubeka nokukhula. Uma umama wesikhathi esizayo engenawo amandla anele, umbungu “uyaqhuma” futhi ngeke abelethe kulo nyaka. Lokhu kuvumelana nakho kuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhere lensikazi liyasinda ebusika elide futhi amawundlu alo angafi.

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Izimbangela zemvelo

Iphupho elihamba nobusika libangelwa ukuzivela kwesimo kanye nesilinganiso esidingekayo. Ibhere ingesinye sezilwane ezinkulu eMhlabeni. Isisindo sabanye abantu sifinyelela kumakhilogremu angama-600, nokudla kuze kufike kuma-75 kg esiswini. Ehlobo, ukuthola isilinganiso esinjalo sokudla akuyona inkinga: kunezinhlanzi emifuleni, ehlathini kunamajikijolo amaningi, amakhowe, izigaxa, utshani obusha. Iqiniso lokuthi ibhere lidla izisulu ezinkulu liyinganekwane. Ngeke akwenze lokhu ngenxa yesisindo sakhe esindayo nokujaha kancane, kepha, ngokukhululeka, abamba ama-slgs, izinyoni, akhiphe amaqanda ezidlekeni, ngoba wonke amabhere angaphansi kweminyaka engu-4 ubudala akhuphuka izihlahla kahle, kodwa ngenxa yobudala balahlekelwa yileli khono ngenxa yokukhuluphala.

Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, konke lokhu kwehluka kuyanyamalala: inhlanzi iya ezansi, izidumbu zamanzi zimbozwe yiqhwa, utshani buyabuna, ama-raspberries kanye nama-sitrobheli ayanyamalala. Isilwane asikwazi ukudla inyama eyodwa, umzimba wayo uhlelwe ngendlela yokuthi umnandi ngokwedlula umdlwane. Ukube bekungekho hibernation, wonke amabhere angashona ebusika ngenxa yokukhathala. Ngakho-ke, isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi ibhere lilele emgodini ebusika ukuswela ukudla.

Izici zamabhere aqabulayo

Amabhere awazifihli njengamacici. Izinga lokushisa lomzimba webhere lehla ngama-7-8 ° C kuphela. Ukushayela kwehlisela phansi kusuka ku-50 kuye ku-10 ukushaya ngomzuzu. Ngesikhathi hibernation, amabhere ashisa cishe kilojoule angama-4,000 ngosuku - yingakho lesi silo sidinga ukuqoqa amafutha amaningi (amafutha) ngaphambi kokuthi i-bear hibernates (indoda endala iqonde phezulu, amakhalori angaphezu kwesigidi asemzimbeni wayo ngaphambi kokushiswa yi-hibernation).

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Amabhere awabusika ngenxa yamakhaza, kodwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla ezinyangeni zasebusika. Amabhere awayi endlini yangasese ngenkathi efihla. Esikhundleni salokho, bacubungula umchamo bese begaya ama-protein. Izilwane zilahlekelwa ngamaphesenti angama-25-40 esisindo sazo ngesikhathi hibernation, zishise izinqolobane ezinamafutha ukushisa umzimba.

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Amapads at the paws of a bear exfoliate ngesikhathi hibernation, okwenza indawo yokukhula nezicubu ezintsha.

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Lapho ibhere ishiya ubusika bayo, ngalesi sikhathi isesimweni 'sokuhamba hibernation' amasonto ambalwa. Amabhere abonakala edakiwe noma e-stupor kuze kube yilapho imizimba yawo ibuyela kwesejwayelekile.

Ukulungiselela kweHibernation

Emasontweni amathathu ngaphambi kokulala ebusika, ibhere iqala ukudla. Lezi zinsuku uzodla amahlandla amathathu kunokujwayelekile. Umsebenzi oyinhloko kulesi sigaba ukuthola amafutha amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze usinde ebusika.

Izigaxa zomsedari zisiza ibhele ukuba likhule ngokushesha. Isilwane sikhwela izihlahla zilandela zona noma ziphange amasheya ama-chipmunks, kuyilapho namagundane ngokwawo nawo eba yisidlo se-clubfoot.

Amabhere awakwenyanyi ukugcwala: izilwane ezinkulu ezinophondo zithathwa ezilwazaneni. Ibhere alihambeli kude nezinyamazane lize lidle isidumbu sonke, inyama ivale amehlo ngamagatsha notshani. Ngaphambi kokuthi hibernation, badla izinhlanzi eziningi, okuthandwa kunikezwe izinhlobo ezinamafutha.

Emavikini amathathu emenyu enjalo, inani lamafutha lifinyelela ku-40% wesisindo somzimba sonke. Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokulala, ibhere iqala ukudla ngokunesizotha: ukushintshela ekudleni kwemifino futhi yehlise inani lokudla elichithwa izikhathi ezi-3. Lesi silinganiso sikuvumela ukuba uhlanze isisu ukuze ngesikhathi hibernation ingaqali inqubo yokubola.

Izici ze-hibernation ngamabhere

Iphupho lasebusika le-clubfoot lihlukile ngokuyisisekelo kwezinye izilwane ezibandayo. Uma ufudu, isele, i-hedgehog kanye nethanga kugwadule: izinga lokushisa lomzimba lehla laya ku-0 degrees, cishe akukho ukushaya kwenhliziyo, khona-ke amabhere anesimo esehlukile.

Ukushisa komzimba webhere kwehla kusuka kuma-37 kuya kwangama-31 degrees Celsius. I-metabolabolism yehla ngo-53%, inhliziyo ishaya ngomzuzu izikhathi eziyi-9 (ukushaywa okungu-55 esimweni sokuphaphama). Ibhere aliwele ukugqwayiza okumiswe ngomqondo ophelele wegama, umile kuphela. Ukwenza isibonelo, uma kubanda kakhulu, lesi silwane siyovuka bese sigoqela emhlabathini ukuze sizifudumele.

Ibhere ukuphela kwesilwane esifixekile esikwazi ukuletha inzalo ngalesi sikhathi. Kufanele ubelethe khona kanye emgodini. Kuzalelwa amawundlu ama-1 - ama-2, insikazi iyawondla ngobisi lwayo, kuyilapho ingadli noma iphuza. Umama wewundlu uzoncela amabele izinyanga ezi-4.

Bear cork

Isigaba sokugcina sokulungiselela i-hibernation ukwakheka kwe-cecal cork. Lokhu kwenzeka kakade lapho ibhele liwela emgodini futhi liwele esimweni sokuinza. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ososayensi babethi ibhere lidla ukudla okukhethekile (uvolo, izinaliti) ukuze lenze ipulaki eyimfihlo engavimba i-anus futhi ivikele nemikhiqizo yomsebenzi obalulekile ukuthi ishiye amathumbu. Ngakho-ke uhlelo lokugaya lwesilwane lucubungula lezi zinqwaba amahlandla amaningi bese lushintsha lube amaprotheni, umswakama. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokubhekwa kwevidiyo, bekunokwenzeka ukuthi kutholakale ukuthi ekudleni kwe-Clubfoot akukho zinguquko ezenzekayo, futhi ukhokho wakhiwa ngenxa yokuqothuka, lapho amathumbu amunca lonke uketshezi.

Kwesinye isikhathi ibhele licwebezela ubumba kumpristi ngaphambi kokucwaswa: vele emgodini, udla ubumba oluningi ukususa izinsalela zokudla esiswini. “Ukudla” kuyacutshungulwa futhi kukhishwe amathumbu. Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe azisebenzisi i-pop kuphela, i-clubfoot isimboza izindlebe zazo ukuze izimbungulu zingafiki lapho.

Ukulungiselela indawo yokulala

Ubusika bebhere bubizwa ngokuthi umhosha. Lesi sakhiwo esiyingqayizivele esine-microclimate. Umgodi wakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi ukushisa kugcinwe ngaphakathi kwawo ngisho nangezinsuku ezibandayo kakhulu. USherter wakhiwa endaweni ethule, i-clubfoot ibilokhu ifuna indawo efanelekile isikhathi eside. Indlu kufanele ibe kude nezimbobo zezinye izilwane. Ukwakha indawo yokukhosela, amabhere akhetha izindawo eziseduze nezixhaphozi ezingenakudlula nokuphephuka komoya. Imvamisa, umgede wakhiwa ngaphansi kwezimpande zesihlahla esiwile, ugcwele ngenkuni.

Enye into ibhere ebhekisisa kuyo ukuthi akumele kube namanzi aphansi komhlaba; umswakama ngesikhathi se-hibernation uyabhubhisa.

I-Bear ingumakhi omuhle kakhulu. Ufaka izindonga zendlu ngamagatsha omile, futhi phansi kufakwe umiyane. Ukubheka ukuthi udoti uphenduke uthambile futhi unethezekile, i-clubfoot iyolala phezu kwayo futhi igibele, kube sengathi iyazimpula. Uma "umbhede" uphenduka ube lukhuni, umnikazi we-lair uzobeka "umbhede wezimpaphe" ngaphezulu. Indawo yokuhlala yenziwa yabanzi ukuze ikwazi ukuhlala, ukuma. Uma intokazi yakhela indlu, khona-ke yakhiwa okuphindwe kabili njengokujwayelekile, ngoba entwasahlobo ibhele lizophuma namawundlu lapho.

Ilungiselelwe ukugcotshwa, i-clubfoot, mhlawumbe ngaphezulu kwenyanga. Umgede ungakhiwa iminyaka eminingi, kwenzeka ukuthi izizukulwane eziningana zisebenzisa indawo yokuhlala eyodwa. Ibhere ihlala endlini ebusika kuphela, ehlobo ayihambi lapho nasebusuku. Umnikazi uqapha ngokucophelela "indlu", angagcwalisa imifantu ngodaka noma ezinye izinto ezenziwe ngcono, avale phansi, ngoba ukuthi izomsebenzela malini incike ekunakekelweni yizindlu.

Ngabe ibhere liyazi kanjani ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuyolala

Ihlobo isikhathi somsebenzi we-Clubfoot. Ngalesi sikhathi, ihlathi ligcwele ukudla, kepha maphakathi no-Agasti izinga lokushisa lomoya liyehla, ubusuku banda kakhulu, izinyoni ziqoqana emihlambini bese zindiza. UBear ubona lezi zinguquko futhi uyaqonda ukuthi ubusika busondele ekhoneni. Ukulungiselela kweHibernation kuqala. Uhlobo ngalunye lwamabhere lungawela ephusheni ngezikhathi ezihlukile. Abanye bangase balale ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba, kodwa iningi liya eholidini ngoNovemba.

Ibhere elilele alibheki iwashi, futhi alibheki ngaphandle efasiteleni, kodwa lihlala lazi kahle ukuthi yisikhathi sokuvuka nini. Indima ye-alamu idlalwa ngumzimba wesilwane, ophakamisa ukuthi izinto zokuphila ziyaphela futhi sekuyisikhathi sokudla. Imvamisa, abesilisa yibona abokuqala ukuphuma emgodini, futhi amabhere ashiya ubusika maphakathi no-Ephreli.

Ukuxhuma induku

Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi ibhere livuke kungentwasahlobo, kepha ebusika. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Imvamisa, lesi silwanyana sivusa umuzwa onamandla wokulamba, ngenxa yokuthi bekungunyaka unciphile, futhi sasingakwazi ukuqongelela inani elidingekayo lamafutha angaphansi. Ibhere lingasulwa ngokukhonkotha kwezinja ezizingelayo, ngemuva kwengcindezi enjalo, ngeke esakwazi ukulala futhi, uzohamba futhi amemeze.

Induku yokuxhuma (okuthiwa i-teddy bear engalali ebusika) iyingozi kubantu. Elambile futhi ethukuthele, uhambahamba ehlathini. Akunakwenzeka ukuthola ukudla ngoJanuwari -Febhuwari: imifula imbozwe ngabantu, izihlahlana notshani bangonyaka odlule kufihlwe ngaphansi kophahla lweqhwa. I-clubfoot ayikwazi ukubamba izingulube noma ezinkulu kakhulu, ngoba ngesisindo sayo esikhulu iwela eqhweni, ngenkathi iphuma ogibeni, inyamazane iyabaleka.

Ngenxa yendlala, induku yokuxhuma yenza buthaka imvelo yokuzikhulula, futhi umuzwa wengozi uyanyamalala. Isilwane sisuka ehlathini sisondele lapho kuhlala khona umuntu. Cishe wonke amabhere ashiye umhume ebusika awaphili kuze kube sentwasahlobo: abulawa ukukhathala noma ezandleni zabazingeli.

Amaqiniso athakazelayo mayelana nokufuya amabhere

Into emangazayo kakhulu ngokulala ubusika obuhamba ngezinyawo nobusika:

• Yilezo zinhlobo zamabhere kuphela ezihlala ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esishintshashintshayo, okungukuthi, ezindaweni lapho kunokushintshwa okuqinile kwezinkathi zonyaka, ngokwesibonelo, eRussia naseCanada, eziwela ubusika. Abamele balezi zilwane e-China (pandas) noma e-Antarctica (amabhere amnyama) bahlala unyaka wonke,

• Ngesikhathi sokulala ebusika, ibhere aliyi endlini yangasese, ukunyakaza kokuqala kwamathumbu kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuvuswa kombhede obhede ngezinyawo weklabhu. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi ngesikhathi hibernation amathumbu ebhele asesimweni sokuphumula ngokuphelele. Uhlelo lokugaya luphinde lusebenze imikhiqizo ebaluleke kakhulu yesilwane, ngenxa yale nqubo, umzimba uthola amaprotheni abalulekile awusiza ukuthi uphile ngaphandle kokudla kuze kube sentwasahlobo,
• Ukukhulelwa kwethwele lowesifazane kuhlale kuhla ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa. I-physiology yalezi zilwane iyamangalisa: ukukhulelwa kungenzeka izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokulala. Iqanda elivuthiwe liyaqhuma, kuthi lapho umzimba kamama uwele ulele ebusika, umbungu uqale ukukhula. Ibhere lizalwa ngesikhathi sokulala komuntu wesifazane,
• Amabhere asanda kuzalwa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa anqunu ngokuphelele. Uboya bazo bokuqala bukhula ngaphambi nje kokuphuma emgodini. Isisindo sebhere ngama-gramu ayi-500. Izokhula ngokushesha zonke izinsuku. Umama upha izingane ubisi olunamafutha kanti ezinyangeni ezine ubudala uziyisa ehlathini, kancane kancane azidlulisele “etafuleni elijwayelekile” - uzifundisa indlela yokukhetha amajikijolo futhi zidle amakhambi. Amathole aqala ukushiya umama wawo eneminyaka eyi-4 kuphela,
• Ibhere liyamunca umthondo walo emgodini hhayi neze ngenxa yendlala. Kwenye indawo maphakathi noFebhuwari, isikhumba sesilwane siqala ukuphuma, isembozo esidala sibukeka simile futhi ibhere lithambisa amathe emilenzeni, ngakho-ke kuqeda ukungahambi kahle. Ibhere elimhlophe nalo linawo lo mkhuba - i-paw iqala ukuluma ekugcineni kobusika be-Arctic,

• IClubfoot ilala ngokukhulu ukucophelela. Abesilisa bahlala bephuma emgodini beyohlola izisulu noma abazingeli abaseduze. Uma "indlu yasebusika ibonakala" ingakhululekile noma ingaphephile, lapho-ke iklabhu yefu ingakwazi ukwenza izindlu ezintsha phakathi nobusika bese ingena kuyo. Imvamisa, isihlahla siwela emhlabathini njengendawo entsha. Ngaphansi kwaso, ibhele lilahla umdwebo kanye namagatsha amakhulu, lenza ubumba phansi. Emgodini onjalo, ibhere lingalala kuze kufike intwasahlobo,
• Ibhere elinsundu lilala amahora angu-1 000 angaphezu komuntu ngonyaka. Kwesinye isikhathi hibernation ihlala izinyanga ezi-6,
• Ukucwatshwa kobusika kwebhele lase-Russian brown kuhlala ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari-Mashi. Ephusheni, isilwane sichitha cishe izinsuku ezingama-120 - 135 noma amahora angama-3240. Usale unyaka wonke ibhere empeleni alilali, lingathamba nje amahora angekho ngaphezulu kwezine ngezinsuku ezishisayo ikakhulukazi,
• Isonto lokuqala ngemuva kokuvuka, amabhere adla izinsuku zonke. Konke kudliwa ngokulandelana: amagxolo esihlahla, ama-coniferous cone, utshani obusha, inhlanzi nezilwane ezincane. Ngokufanelekile, ukudla kwe-Clubfoot kuqukethe ukudla kwezitshalo okungama-75%, okuseleyo i-15% yinyama noju.

Umzimba webhere ngesikhathi hibernation uba uhlelo elivaliwe: lisebenza kuphela ngenxa yamafutha anqwabelene nezinye izakhamzimba. Lesi sici sivumela izilwane ukuba ziphile isikhathi sasebusika ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa impilo yazo.

Ngabe ibhere iyophaphama lapho ifihlekile uma kwenziwa isenzo sobuso bakhe?

Ngoba ukufihlwa kwezinyawo njengoba enjalo kungafundiswanga kahle, kunezinganekwane phakathi kwezakhamizi zasemakhaya ukuthi, okuthiwa, ibhere elijwayelekile lilala ebusika ngaphandle kokuvuka futhi ngisho nabazingeli abasondele emgodini ngeke kumenze avuke (kuthiwa uvuka kuphela lapho izinja ziqala ukungena endaweni yakhe yokuhlala).

Ucwaningo olwenziwe yizazi zezilwane eziningi, kufaka phakathi uchwepheshe omkhulu wamabhere ansundu uValentin Sergeyevich Pazhetnov, sekufakazele isikhathi eside ukuthi ibhere elijwayelekile, eliqoqe ngisho namafutha amaningi, livuka kaningi ebusika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, angahamba ehlathini amabanga amade kakhulu.

Kungani angalali? Into ekhona ukuthi ngisho nasekulaleni okuthe ukuthula, umuntu akakwazi ukuyibiza ngokujulile - izinga lokushisa lesilo lihlala liguquguquka phakathi kwama-29 kuya kuma-34 degrees, futhi namandla okushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nezinga lokuphefumula lincipha ngokuphindwe kaningi nesigamu. Okusho ukuthi, kusukela ekuqaleni, ibhere elinsundu alilali ubuthongo obukhulu - mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi esilwaneni samapharamitha anjalo kungaba yingozi nje. Ngemuva kwakho konke, lapho isibalo sesilwane sikhulu, kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe ukungena opopayi abamisiwe futhi basikhiphe. Izidladla eziphaphama ebusika zingakusebenzisa kalula lokhu - ngakho-ke uma ngempela ibhere selilele ubuthongo obushonile, lalingavuka ngisho nalapho izimpisi ziqala ukulibhoboza.

Ibhere empeleni lizwa ngephupho yonke into eyenzekayo nxazonke, futhi uma kwenzeka isondela engozini ingashiya i-lair, ngakho-ke izokuzwa usendleleni eya e-lair. Kodwa uma usuvele ushaye uHitman futhi weba egazini lakho, lapho-ke uzokwazi ukukhuphukela endaweni yokukhosela ngaphandle komsindo. Kepha lapho nje uqala ukukhulula isidingo sakho, ngokuqinisekile uyovuka nebhere. Futhi kwenqabe ukuthi nawe ugijime ngokushesha.

Ngale ndlela, unezindawo zokukhosela eziningana - kusukela ekwindla ubelungiselela hhayi eyodwa, kodwa ama-lairs amathathu noma amane (kunjalo, cishe noma yikuphi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingaba kude komunye nomunye, kepha zihlala zisendaweni ngayinye yebhere ngalinye. Ngezikhathi ezithile, ushintsha umhume ngezinye izizathu - ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yokuthi indlu ekhethwe ekuqaleni kwe-hibernation ibanda kakhulu phakathi nobusika.

Ngakho-ke ehlathini lasebusika ungahlangana nebhere ejwayelekile ngokuphelele, abalali “njengofile”. Ngokungafani nenduku yokuxhuma, okuthi, ngenxa yendlala, iba yingozi kakhulu futhi iphuthume ngempela kuwo wonke umuntu, ibhere elijwayelekile elishintsha umhume walo alinakuba nhlobo nolaka futhi lithanda ukucasha. Futhi angaqondakala - ngeke achithe amandla akhe, awuthola ngohlobo lwamafutha ehlobo lonke.

Intuthuko yeklasi

Izingane zingena ehholo, zibingelele futhi zihlale ezihlalweni eziphakeme.

Uthisha: Bheka i-TV. (isikrini esibanzi, ukushwibeka)

- Inikeza isinali, ngakho-ke ilungele ukudlala nathi. Uma uqagela imfumbe, ubani ozovela esikrinini uzothola.Nansi imfumbe:

Ukuwa kwesilo kuya

Okwe-raspberries noju.

Uwathanda kakhulu amaswidi.

Futhi lapho kufika ukwindla

Ukugibela umhume ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo

Lapho ulala aphuphe.

Ubani? (Bear)

Uthisha: Eyodwa, emibili, emithathu, bheka esibukweni! (Umbukiso weSilayidi)

Uthisha: Bangobani laba bafana?

Izingane: Bear.

Uthisha: Misha - ibhere, ufuna ukuzibonisa futhi usitshele ngawe?

Indaba yothisha kuma-slides.

«Ibhere isilwane sasendle. Uhlala ehlathini. At thwala amawele amaneaminyene ayisithupha. Udla inyama, inhlanzi, umhluzi, uju. Ebusika, ibhere ilala emgodini. Abancane bazalelwa emgodini amawundlu. I-dipper ubondla ngobisi lwabo. Ukuvuka ibhere entwasahlobo futhi ushiya umhume. "

Uthisha: Guys, TV isitshele ngobani? (MAYELANA ibhere)

"Isikhathi sini manje?" (Ubusika)

- Ini ibhere liyakha ebusika? (Ukulala)

- Bheka, kubonakala kimi ngaphansi komgodi womuthi wefir. Ucabanga ukuthi ubani okhona?

Izingane: UBhele ulele.

Uthisha: Ake sikhuphuke sikubone (Izingane ziya nothisha esihlahleni sikaKhisimusi)

- Yiqiniso, Bhele. Ulala futhi athule athule.

Thwala, thwala, yeka ukulala.

Asidlale nabafana.

Thwala, phakamisa umphimbo wakho.

Thwala, beka phansi phansi.

i-teddy bear

Bese uthinta umhlaba.

Futhi thambisa isisu sakho.

Kunye kubili kuthathu! Kunye kubili kuthathu!

(Izingane zenza ukunyakaza ngaphansi kombhalo)

Bear wake up, yawks

ibhere: Lesi akusona isikhathi sokudlala nami.

Amabhere kufanele alale ebusika.

Uthisha: Abafana nami sifuna ukwazi kungani amabhere alala bonke ubusika. Ngempela bafo? (Yebo)

ibhere: Emgodini ongaphansi komcamelo nginomvumelwano

Ngifuna abafana bakubuze

Funda le nkondlo.

Ukwazisa wonke umuntu osehlathini

Kungani ngilala ebusika.

Uzofunda inkondlo yami

Tshela bonke abafana esivandeni.

Izingane zihlala ezihlalweni.

Uthisha: Lalela inkondlo kaMishutkino, ebizwa ngokuthi «Kungani ibhere ilele ebusika?».

Uthisha ufunda le nkondlo, unaka ithoyizi - ibhere:

Thwala, Thwala! Kwenzenjani?

Kungani ulele ebusika?

Ngoba iqhwa neqhwa

Hhayi ama-raspberries hhayi uju!

Uthisha: Kungani amabhere alala ebusika?

Izingane: Kuyabanda ebusika, azungeze iqhwa, akukho ukudla.

Uthisha: Ngifuna ukudlala nawe.

Ngizofunda le nkondlo

Futhi nina zithombe - thatha izinkomba kukho.

Thishela ufundza inkondlo, bese bantfwana babeka titfombe - emacebiso elucwecweni lwethayipha.

Thwala, Thwala! Kwenzenjani?

Kungani ulele ebusika?

Ngoba iqhwa neqhwa

Hhayi ama-raspberries hhayi uju!

ibhere: O, kujabulisa kanjani. Nami ngifuna ukudlala. Ngizoqala imvumelwano, bese abafana baqhubeka.

Thwala, Thwala. (Kwenzenjani)

Kungani u ...(uyalala ebusika)

Ngoba… (iqhwa neqhwa)

Hhayi ama-raspberries hhayi uju!

ibhere: Hheyi mfo omuhle! Uyazama.

Uthisha: UMishutka, futhi abafana nabo bafuna ukudlala nawe.

Ukuzivocavoca kweminwe "Ababili ibhere»

Sat ezimbili ibhere Izingalo zigobile emaphethelweni, zicindezelwe emzimbeni,

Kancane kancane. Iminwe ngezibhakela. Side uhlangothi

Omunye wafunda iphephandaba, welula izingalo zethu ezinhlangothini, njengalapho kufundwa iphephandaba

Enye impuphu emhlabathini. Ukuvala isibhakela ngokuhlukile

I-cockoo eyodwa, ikhukhamba ezimbili

Womabili afakwa kufulawa. Izingalo ziwela emadolweni akho

Ekhaleni kufulawa, bonisa umunwe ekhaleni

Umsila ngofulawa, bonisa isandla emhlane

Indlebe ubisi omuncu. Iminwe endlebeni

Izingane zihlala ezihlalweni eziphakeme

Uthisha: Esiwombeni-ithiphu oyibukayo

Ungitshele imvumelwano.

Izingane zifunda ngokuhlabelela.

Uthisha: Futhi wena) hamba usitshele inkondlo. (ingane eyodwa iyafunda)

Uthisha: Futhi ubani ofuna ukuba ibhere? Sibiza ingane eyodwa, sinike ithoyizi lebhere.

Ngizocela, futhi uzophendula. Uthisha uxoxa nengane.

Uthisha: Asishaye le nkondlo. Nginomaskandi Ibhere kanye nesigaxa sika Masha. Uthisha ubiza intombazane nomfana. Izingane zishaya inkondlo.

Uthisha: Misha, uyithandile?

ibhere: Yebo! Ngiyabonga. Manje utshela abangane bami kungani ebusika angidlali nabo. Kuyajabulisa nawe, kodwa kufanele ngilale. Ngeqiniso lokuthi ungisizile, unesipho. Bye. Kuze kube yisikhathi esilandelayo.

Uthisha: Bye! Woza usivakashele entwasahlobo. Uthisha unika ithoyizi.

Uthisha: Wenze kahle bhuti! Manje futhi uyazi kungani amabhere alala ebusika. Thatha amapensela bese uwupenda ngaphansi kwengoma encane emnandi i-teddy bear.

"Amabhere ePolar e-Arctic." Imidwebo kubuchwepheshe obungeyona eyendabuko ngikulethela ukunakekela kwakho umqondo wokudweba amabhere we-polar "I-Polar Bears in the Arctic" (Foam Foam), okungeyona inkimbinkimbi ezinganeni. Inhloso: ukulungisa.

Iqoqo lezingoma zokuzivocavoca ezinesigqi sezingane ezincane zasenkulisa kuya engomeni ethi "Kungani ibhere ilele ebusika" Isingeniso: I. k. nge., izandla phezu kwebhande: -Izimpawu ezinhlangothini ngokuqaliswa kanyekanye kwe "ntwasahlobo" (izikhathi eziyisikhombisa). Ivesi 1: I k. nge. : 1. ejwayelekile.

Ama-Synopsis we-GCD ahlanganisiwe ukuze ajwayelane nezwe lemvelo "Polar Bears" Synopsis ye-GCD ehlanganisiwe ukujwayela umhlaba wemvelo engqikithini ethi "Polar Bears" Uthisha wezokulungiselela ukukhuluma.

Isifinyezo semisebenzi yokufundisa yokuqalwa kwenkulumo eqenjini labasencane "Amabhere" Imisebenzi: Ezemfundo: -ukhulisa futhi kusebenze ulwazimagama (ibhere, ibhere, umama, indodana encane yenkomo, isipuni, isigaxa), ukuguquguquka.

Umsebenzi osheshayo wezemfundo, iqembu lokuqala elincane "Ngakho-ke abantu balele, nansi izilwane zilele" Umsebenzi osheshayo wokufundisa eqenjini elincane lokuqala, Isihloko: "Lapha abantu balele, nansi imfuyo ilele" Umbhali: Alla Ivanovna, uLyutoeva.

Vula isifundo ngomdwebo usebenzisa i-stencil "Polar Bears" eqenjini eliphakeme le-GBOU Sekolo leSikole No. 1155 umnyango wezikole zasenkulisa No. 1, eMosto OPEN NON-JOINT ISITOLO SENKOLO Sokulungiswa Ilungiselelwe ngu: uthisha Samusevich.

Kungani umfundisi? Ama-Esses ebusheni bami ngangivame ukubuzwa lo mbuzo: - Kungani wakhetha umsebenzi wobuthishela? Ngabe sengiphendula kalula futhi, njengoba bekubonakala kimi, kwacaca: - Mina.

Ukudweba "I-Polar Bears" - ukujikeleza nokuguqula izintambo zeMADOU "Joy" kindergarten No. 157 ndawo Yezemfundo "Ubuciko Nentuthuko Yokubukeka" Umdlalo we-Graphic - ukujikeleza nokuguqula.

Inkondlo "Uphupha uthini lapho izingane zilala?" Izingane zilele, zikhathele, Ngakho-ke angizange ngenze umsindo. Kuhlotshwe imibhede, kususwe wonke amabhukwana. Izingane zizolala zilale kahle, Kulungile, ngizoqala ukuphonsa.

Izimpawu zesifundo esibanzi “I-Polar Bears. Abahlali baseNyakatho "Isifinyezo semisebenzi yokufundisa ngqo yezingane ezineminyaka ephakathi kweqembu 4" Mishutka "ngesihloko:" I-Polar Bears "Uthisha:.

Ukubuka kuqala:

Isikole se-MOU k. I-Aksarka

"Kungani amabhere alala ebusika"

Isigaba se-3 Vanengo Artem

Uthisha: Bessonova S.N. ,

uthisha weyunithi

Isikole se-MOU k. I-Aksarka

I-Aksarka 2019

I. Ingxenye yethiyori

1. Ukuchazwa okujwayelekile kwamabhere …………………………… p.4

II. Ingxenye engokoqobo.

1. Izici zokuphila ………………… p.4
2. Bear Nutrition ………………………………… ikhasi 5

I-III. Izizathu zebhere zokungena kumodi ende

Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ………………………………………. 8

Sawubona! Mina, uVenengo Artyom, umfundi wekilasi lesi-3 “A”, isikole se-MOU p. I-Aksarka.

Ake ngazise iphepha lami lokucwaninga elithi “Kungani amabhere alala ebusika?”.

Kunezinto eziningi ezihehayo, ezingenakuqondakala nezingaziwa emhlabeni! Futhi ngakho-ke ngifuna ukwazi okuningi, ukuqonda, thola!

Njengomphumela we- "BANGANI" bethu izihloko ezahlukahlukene zokucwaninga: Kungani inja ikhonkotha inyanga? Kungani utshani buluhlaza namanzi asolwandle enosawoti? Kungani enza ama-apula we-hedgehog?

KUNGANI BALAHLEKELWE EBULELWENI.

Izingoma nezingoma zezingane zinikelwe kulesi sihloko. Izinganekwane zithi amabhere amunca ubusika bawo ebusika. Kodwa ngiyazi ukuthi lokho kufakazela ubusika? Okwani?

Ngenxa yalokho, isihloko sokucwaninga esithi “Kungani amabhere elele ebusika?” Kuvele.

Izinhloso nezinhloso zocwaningo.

Inhloso yomsebenzi ukuthola ukuthi kungani amabhere alala ebusika.

Ukufeza inhloso kufanele ukuxazulula okulandelayo

- Hlola impilo yamabhere

-Uhlaziya imikhuba yamabhere.

Ukuze sisebenzise imisebenzi esikhethe izindlela ezilandelayo:

• Zicabange
• Bheka izincwadi
• Buka ku-Intanethi
• Buza abanye abantu

Into esiyifundayo amabhere.

Isihloko salolu cwaningo yindlela yokuphila yamabhere, ukudla kwawo kanye nemikhuba yawo.

"Mhlawumbe ucabanga ukuthi kusebusuku." Noma kunjalo, kukhanya futhi ebusika.

- Ake sithi ibhere liyabanda ebusika.

- Ebusika kunokudla okuncane.

- Ake sithi ufuna ukulala.

- Ngoba iqhwa neqhwa akuzona ama-raspberries hhayi uju.

Ngemuva kokufunda izincwadi ezithile zama-encyclopedia, kanye nezichazamazwi, ngahlangana

ngezigaba zesayensi, incazelo yokubukeka nezici zempilo yamabhere.

I. Ingxenye yethiyori

1. Ukuchazwa okujwayelekile kwamabhere

Emndenini webhere, kunezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa ezihlukene ezihlala ezifundeni ezihlukene zeplanethi futhi zihlukile ezicini ezithile. Ngomehluko omkhulu ngosayizi, wonke amabhere ayizilwane ezinamandla ezinesitoko ezinemilenze emifushane eqinile nomsila omncane. Amawele abanzi, ayizicaba afakwe izigqoko ezinhlanu ezinde nezinwele ezibukhali ezingabuyeli emaphashini, njengasemakati. Umzimba wonke wesilo umbozwe ngoboya obukhulu bemibala ehlukene nobude. Amehlo nezindlebe eziyindilinga zincane ngekhanda elikhulu. Ikhala limanzi futhi licwebezela, njengenja.

II. Ingxenye engokoqobo.

1. Izici zokuphila

Amabhere ayizindawo zokubhukuda, agibela futhi abhukuda kahle, agijime ngokushesha, angakwazi ukuhamba nokuhamba amabanga amafushane emilenzeni yawo yangemuva. Zinomsila omfishane, kanye nomqondo omuhle kakhulu wephunga nokuzwa. Bazingela kusihlwa noma entathakusa. Imvamisa bayasaba abantu, kepha ingaba yingozi ezindaweni lapho isetshenziselwa khona abantu, ikakhulukazi ibhele elinamaparele nebhere emnyama. Ukuzivikela kwizinyosi. Emvelweni, cishe abanazitha zemvelo.

Amabhere yisilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke ezilwaneni zanamuhla ezihlaselayo emhlabeni. Amabhere ePolar afinyelela ubude bomzimba obuyi-3 m enesisindo esifinyelela ku-725 ngisho no-1000 kg, amabhere amancanyana amaMalawi anobude bomzimba ongu-1-1,5 m anesisindo esingama-70 kg. Hlanganisa ne-undercoat ekhulile, kunalokho coarse. Umugqa wezinwele uphakeme, kwesinye isikhathi ama-shaggy, ezinhlotsheni eziningi zohlobo lobumba, kuMaleya webhere - uphansi futhi uyivelakancane. Umbala uyi-monophonic, kusuka kumalahle kuye ku-mhlophe, i-panda inehlukile, imnyama nomhlophe. Kukhona amamaki okukhanya esifubeni noma eduze kwamehlo.Kwezinye izinhlobo, ukwahlukahluka kombala ngamunye nokuma kwendawo kuyenzeka. Umbala ngesizini awuguquki.

Ngithole kwi-Intanethi ukuthi ibhere elingena polar lihlala e-Arctic, lize lifinyelele emasimini anamagquma e-Arctic Ocean. Ibhere elinamakhaza lidla kuphela inyama yezilwane ezincelisayo. Amadoda amabhere wamabhere ahamba kancane kulo lonke unyaka, izintokazi ezinamabhere amancane - okuyingxenye yonyaka.

Amabhere ama-brown, amabhele ama-Himalayan namnyama amnyama asebenzisa ubusika obuningi e-den (lair), esesimweni sokuqothuka. Ngalesi sikhathi, baphila ngokuqongelelwa amafutha aqongelelwe.

2. Phatha ukudla

Ezincwadini ngifunde ngomsoco wamabhere. Yize amabhere ebhekwa njengabazingeli, empeleni, ukudla kwawo kunenyama encane kunezinye izilwane zalo myalelo. Iningi le "menyu" ukudla kwezitshalo. Okuhlukile ibhere elinamakhaza. Ukudla okuncane kwesitshalo ngaphesheya kwe-Arctic Circle futhi usephenduke waba ngumzingeli, ikakhulukazi wezimpawu zamanzi. Amanye amabhere adla izithelo, amajikijolo, ama-tubers, ama-bulbs, amakhowe, amantongomane, ama-acorn, izinambuzane, uju, izilwanyana ezincelisayo ezincane. Uma kunesidingo, ungazifumbathisi imvu, izingulube zasendle.

Cishe wonke amabhere ayondla phakathi nosuku, echitha isikhathi sabo esiningi efuna ukudla. Ekwindla, amabhere - ngaphandle komlingani wawo omhlophe - ahamba ngokukhululeka emafutheni ngaphambi kokuzilibazisa. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, ibhere ibheka indawo elula ye-lair, lapho idonsa khona utshani obomile, amaqabunga kanye ne-moss.

Umhume uyisiphephelo sasebusika sesilo, esinikela ngezimo ezifanele ukusinda esikhathini sokudla nokubandakanyeka kwezulu ngesimo sezulu esincane. Kwabesifazane, kusebenza njengesibhedlela sokubeletha, futhi kwabasanda kuzalwa, kusuke kungumkhombe.

I-III. Izizathu zebhere ukuya ekubandakanyeni

Ngokulandelayo, nganquma ukuthola ukuthi abantu abehlukene bathini ngamabhere. Kunemibono eminingi.

"Bakhethe indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthatha ikhefu ezinkathazweni zalo mhlaba." Izilwane ziyakwazi ukulala isikhathi eside ngokuzithokozisa kwazo.

"Kubalulekile ukuba babukeke kahle." Ngesikhathi hibernation, ibhere lehla isisindo salo. Lesi sidlwengu singalulama ngokuthula ehlobo, ngoba ebusika futhi lesi sibalo sizolungiswa ngemilingo ukuze sibe ngcono.

- Isilwane siba mnandi emgodini waso. Umuntu ngeke avumelane nesitatimende. Esikhala esinyinyekile akukho ndawo yokunyakaza okusebenzayo, futhi yonke eminye imithombo ye- "ukuzijabulisa" imane nje ayikho. Ngisho nenganekwane ejwayelekile yokuthambisa amawele kudala yaqedwa. Uma ibhele likukhonkotha ukuphela kwamawashi, liba kuphela ngenhloso yokusiza ukufeza ngokushesha kwe-molting, hhayi ngokuzondla ngale ndlela.

- Isilo sikhathele ukushayisana nabanye abahlala ehlathini. Phakathi kwezingane, ingoma eyodwa yoNyaka oMusha iyaziwa ngokuthi ibhere yakwazi kanjani ukudala ukungahambi kahle kubangani bayo lapho beya emgodini ebusika. Ekuqaleni, wehla ngokungena emsileni wempungushe, wabe esevimbela i-Woodpecker ukuthi isebenze. Lapho umhlaseli omkhulu ekhonjiswa isidingo sokubheka ngaphansi kwezinyawo zabo, wanquma ukungazivezi kwezinye izilwane nhlobo. Ngakho-ke, ungene ekubandakanyeni.

Eqinisweni, kunezizathu eziningana zebhere zokungena kumodi yokuqashwa ende:

- Ukubukeka kobunzima ngokudla. Yebo, lokhu kungukuphikisana okunamandla kokulala kancane. Ebusika, amasheya okudla kwezitshalo ancishiswa kakhulu, futhi inani labancintisana lihlala lingashintshiwe. Ukucheba okufanayo kokuququda emagxolweni emithi noma kwezinye izinhlobo zotshani kucishe kungashiyi kudla kwamabhere.

Izinsalela ezincane zemifino zifihlwe ngaphansi kweshidi eliminyene leqhwa, eliqinisa kakhulu ukukhipha kwalo. Naphezu kwesimo esidla ubhedu, isilo ngeke sithathe ukudla kwezilwane isikhathi eside. Yebo, futhi ukuhambisa ibhere ebusika kunzima kakhulu.

- Izindleko eziphansi zamandla. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, yonke ukunyakaza ikhulisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa komzimba. Ukubuyisa isitoko, kufanele ukhuphule okuqukethwe kwekhalori kokudla noma inani laso. Imvelo yenze ngokuhlakanipha: inike amandla amabhere ukukhawulela noma yimuphi umsebenzi. Isidleke esikhulu esinokulala sizixazulula izinkinga eziningi ezihambisana nokuthola ukudla okudingekayo ebusika.

Ukuphefumula okuvamisile kwehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo. Ubuncane bokunyakaza - ubuncane bokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Futhi, ngakho-ke, ungashiya ngokuphelele ukudla okujwayelekile, uya ngokukhethekile ekucutshungweni kwamasheya wamafutha angaphansi.

- Ukunakekela inzalo. Amabhere ansundu aletha inzalo yawo ebusika. Ukube abazali bebephapheme, amathole abuthaka bekuzodingeka abhekane nobunzima obuningi ebusweni. Umgodi uyabaqapha ngesikhathi sokuqala kwentuthuko. Ubisi lukamama lwanele ukubambelela kude kube sentwasahlobo, lapho ukuvuselelwa kwezimila okuzungezile kuqala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhere shereni alidingi ukudwengulwa phakathi kokunakekela amawundlu amancane nokufuna ukudla. Kepha izilwane eziqinile maphakathi nentwasahlobo zizokwazi ukuhamba ngokuzimela ehlathini futhi zizitholele ukudla nsuku zonke.

Ukufingqa imiphumela yomsebenzi wami, ngingasho ukuthi: Ngifinyelele umgomo wami, ngifunde izinto eziningi ezintsha nezijabulisayo ngamabhere. Kepha okubaluleke kakhulu, manje ngiyazi ukuthi kungani amabhere alala ebusika.

Lokho amabhere ansundu kanye ne-polar aziphatha ngendlela ehlukile ebusika. Ibhere elinamakhaza ahamba ngendlela efanayo yobusika ebusika nasehlobo: lizulazula ngezinto zalo ezinamakhaza, ligxibha echibini lezinhlanzi bese ngezikhathi ezithile liwela ephusheni elizwelayo.

Ibhele elinsundu alifihli ngoba liyabanda. Isizathu ukuntuleka kokudla. Kunzima ukondla ehlathini lasebusika. Imvelo ehlakaniphile inikeze ibhele amandla “okunciphisa” zonke izinqubo zokuphila ebusika. Ngesikhathi hibernation, ukuphefumula kwehlisa ijubane, izinga lokushisa lomzimba liyancipha, futhi inhliziyo ishaya kaningi. Izinqubo ezidingekayo empilweni zisekelwa ukugcinwa kwamafutha "okudlisiwe" ehlobo.

Ngabe amabhere ayazichitha nini?

Amabhere ayazigaxa kusuka phakathi ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kobusika. I-hibernation yamabhere ihlobene ngqo nesimo sezulu kanye namazinga okushisa azungezile. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukuqamba inyanga okuyiyo lapho amabhere ebusika. Imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka ngokwenziwa kwesembozo seqhwa esihlala njalo nokuthi izinga lokushisa ligcina ngaphansi kuka-zero. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwalezi zimo zezulu, amabhere amane azulazule azungeze impahla yawo.

Ngabe ibhere liyilungiselela kanjani hibernation?

Ibhere lilungiselela ukuvinjelwa ngokudla kakhulu futhi liqongelele izinqolobane ezinempilo zezakhi zomzimba ngendlela yamafutha angaphansi. Ukuvinjezelwa kwebhere kwenzeka emgodini, yena ngokwakhe awulungiselela ukuze kusetshenziswe kahle isikhathi sasebusika kulo.

Ngaphambi kokucasha, ibhere ihlomisa lair endaweni esecaleni, engenakufinyeleleka, imvamisa ngaphansi kwezihlahla eziwile noma emigodini yezimpande. Kwenzeka ukuthi amabhere angangena emigedeni nasezigedeni zamatshe. Ngesinye isikhathi, isilo singakumba isiphephelo emhlabathini. Njengoba ithole indawo enhle ebusika, ibhere livame ukubuyela lapho unyaka nonyaka.

I-Hibernating bear

Isikhathi se-hibernation yamabhere siyahlukahluka kusuka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuya ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Kuya kakhulu ngezimo zezulu. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, lapho ebusika kakhulu iqhwa, amabhere angahle angazetheki, kodwa athole nama-savings angamafutha, ngoba ukunikezwa kokudla kunciphisa kakhulu ebusika.

Amabhere alala ngamapayipi ahlukene, umuntu ukhululekile ngasohlangothini lwabo, kanti omunye ulele emhlane wabo. Ngokuvamile amabhere alala eyodwa ngasikhathi. Umehluko yilowo wokucwilisa onamawundlu, afihle ndawonye. Lapho kuqala intwasahlobo, amawundlu asekhulile kakade ahamba nonina esuka emgodini. By endleleni, amabhere enamawundlu ahlala isikhathi esijana kunabantu abanesizungu. Abesilisa abadala yibona abambalwa kakhulu emihumeni.

Ukuvinjwa kwebhele elimnyama akujulile kakhulu, uma kungenzeka ingozi isilwane isivuke ishiye indawo, ifake ubuthi lapho ifuna indawo ephephile. Kwenzeka ukuthi ibhere alinaso isikhathi sokuqongelela ukuqoqa imali edingekayo yamafutha, khona-ke lingavuka phakathi nobusika noma lingalali nhlobo, kodwa liqala ukuzulazula liyofuna ukudla. Amabhere anjalo abizwa ngokuthi izinduku zokuxhuma, ayingozi kakhulu, ngoba indlala ibenza babe ngabahlaseli abanonya abahlasela ngisho nabantu. Imvamisa, amabhele anjalo awahlali kuze kube sentwasahlobo ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla.

Izinga lokuncipha kwenqubo ye-metabolic ebhele ebusika lingaphansi kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, kuma-hedgehogs, okushisa komzimba wawo kuncipha ngesikhathi sokukhanya kusuka ku-33 ° C kuya ku-2 ° C. Ngesikhathi hibernation, izinga lokushisa lomzimba webhele liyancipha ngokwesilinganiso lisuka ku-37 ° C liye ku-31 ° C, ngakho-ke libuyiselwa kalula futhi ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuka. Kwenzeka ukuthi ngisho nangesikhathi hibernation, izinga lokushisa lomzimba wesilwane lifinyelela amanani ajwayelekile. Ephusheni, umzimba udla ngenxa yamafutha aqongelelwe ngakusasa.

Ezinye izinhlobo zibonisa ingxenye yokukhulelwa, esimweni lapho ukubeletha kwenzeka khona nje ngemuva kokubelethisa. Isibonelo, i-hibernation ku-polar bears ayenzeki minyaka yonke, futhi iwela kuyo izinyanga ezimbalwa. Imvamisa, abesifazane abakhulelwe benza lokhu. Ibhere elinamakhaza lintofontofo lihlala kahle nomgedeni osezweni elikhulu noma eziqhingini. Ngaphezu kwebhere elinsundu, ibhele laseHimalaya nalo liwela ekujuleni kwenhliziyo, yize ithanda ukusetha lair endaweni ephakemeyo ezihlahleni zezihlahla ezindala. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izinhlobo zamabhere azifihlayo, ngokwesibonelo, i-panda enkulu ayilali nhlobo.

IHibernation ayenzeki emabhere kuphela, kodwa nakwezinye izilwane ezincelisayo, ngokwesibonelo, ebhegini. By the way, yilowo kuphela omele umndeni wakwaKunih owela ekubandakanyeni ubusika. Isibonelo, i-ermin evela emndenini ofanayo ayilali ebusika. Futhi, izinhlobo eziningi zamagundane, ama-unstivores, ezinye izinhlobo zamalulwane, amasele nezinye ziwela ekubandakanyeni.

IHibernation ezilwaneni inezinhlobo ezi-3: isaladi (in hummingbirds and bats), ngezikhathi ezithile (kwizilwane ezincelisayo, ngamagundane nakuma -tivtivores), okungajwayelekile - kuvame ukwenzeka ngokuqala okungazelelwe kwezimo ezingezinhle. Ngendlela, mayelana ne-hibernation yezinkathi ezithile, akuyona kuphela ubusika, kodwa futhi nehlobo. Ukuvinjwa okunjalo kuwuphawu lwezilwane ezihlala ogwadule futhi zenzeka ezikhathini ezomile ikakhulukazi.

Kungani ibhere lincela iqhubu?

Umbono okhexisayo wokuthi ibhele lidonsa i-paw wenzelwe isizathu. Empeleni, ibhere likhotha izidladla zalo ephusheni. Kepha akenzi lokhu ngenxa yendlala, kepha ngenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi ebusika, isikhumba esisemathangeni ebhele siyavuseleleka futhi sikhonkotha, futhi umane wenza ngale ndlela ukulungiswa okubangelwa yile nqubo.

Iba ngemuva kokucwaswa

Ibhere, ngemuva kokucabanga ubusika, mncane futhi ilambile. Ngesikhathi hibernation, amabhere alahlekelwa yizo zonke izinqolobane ezinqwabelene zamafutha. Avuka umuzwa wendlala nokuqala kokushisa kwentwasahlobo. Ukuvinjwa kwebhele kuhlobene kakhulu nesimo sezulu. Lapho ukufudumala kuqala khona, ibhere ivuka kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zasentwasahlobo, futhi endaweni ethile ayishiyi umhume kuze kube maphakathi no-Ephreli. Bhalisela ukubuyekeza ukuze ube ngowokuqala ukwazi ngezindatshana ezintsha esizeni sethu.