ENingizimu Melika, ezintabeni ezomile, ezinamadwala ezintabeni ze-Andes, izilwane ezinhle kakhulu zihlala - izimpondo zentaba. Kulesi sifunda esinolaka, lapho ebusuku izinga lokushisa lehlika ngaphansi kuka-zero, futhi amakati ase-Andean ahlala alinda amankentshane agqamile, izilwane ezi-elered zinobunzima.
Naphezu kokufana okungafani nonogwaja, ama-whiskeys angokuhleleka kwamagundane. Ubukhulu bawo abudluli amasentimitha angama-40, futhi anesisindo esingamakhilogremu 1.5.
Izihlobo zabo eziseduze kakhulu ama-chinchillas, lapho ama-viskash ahlanganisa umndeni owodwa (i-chinchillas), noboya obufudumele nobukhulu. Yileli boya elalivumela izilwane ukuba zikwazi ukukhuphuka ezindaweni eziphakemeyo ze-Andes ziye endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-5000, lapho okushisa okungekuhle ebusuku okungajwayelekile nomoya ovunguzayo uhlala uvunguza. Ekuseni, uvame ukubona ukuthi izilwane ezilele zizijabulisa kanjani ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga eliphumayo. Izikhunta zasezintabeni molt, ziguqula umbala wejazi loboya, kuya ngesizini, kusuka empunga kuye kwaba nsundu.
Kepha uma ubheka ukuthi amachashazi agijimela kangakanani emadwaleni, agxume amatshe, singasho ukuthi afana ne-squirrel: umsila ofanayo we-fluffy, ukuqina kwendlela nokuhamba kokuhamba. Ngisho nama-cougars, abazingeli abanamakhono be-Andes, okushesha nesibindi sabo kungenziwa umona nganoma yisiphi isisulu, abakakwazi ukuthola umuntu omdala futhi onempilo. I-Viskasha ebukeka ngathi ayinqobekile, ihamba kancane futhi inamafutha ibukeka njengesisulu esilula. Kepha kuyakufanelekela ukuthi i-cougar isondele ngokushesha, njengoba i-rodent iqala ukubaleka, icashe ezindaweni ezinamadwala. Ngesikhathi sokuphunyuka, afinyelela isivinini esifinyelela ku-40 km / h futhi angenza ukugxuma okungamamitha amathathu.
Ama-whiskeys ayizilwane zomphakathi, ahlala emaqenjini abantu abangafika kwabangu-80. Lokhu kuyabasiza ukubalekele izitha. Lapho kuvela ingozi, i-viskasha iqala ukugoba umsila wayo futhi yenze imisindo eqondile, yazise izihlobo zayo, futhi yonke inkampani ishesha ukucasha. Phezu kwamakati ama-cougars namakati e-Andean, abanye abantu abazingela izikhumba nenyama bayizitha eziyingozi zemihlola yasezintabeni.
Lawa makhulu adla ekudleni kwezitshalo. Futhi njengoba kungelula ukuthola ukudla ezindaweni ezinamatshe angenamadwala, izintaba ziyahleba usuku lonke kulo msebenzi.
Kuyamangaza ukuthi i-whiskash inothando lokuqoqa izinto ezincane ezahlukahlukene, amatshe amahle, izimpaphe, udoti, abawuthatha ngendlela. Imvamisa ekungeneni kwemibundu yabo umuntu angabuka izintaba zemicebo enjalo. Ososayensi abakwazi ukuchaza lo mbuthano ngombono ongokoqobo, ngakho-ke singasho ukuthi lolu uhlobo lokufisa ubuhle, ngokwesibonelo, ngamashumi amane.
Chinchilla kanye whisky
U-Alfred Edmund Bram "Impilo Yezilwane" .
State Publishing House of Geographical Literature 1958
U-Alfred Edmund Bram (ngoFebhuwari 2, 1829 - Novemba 11, 1884), isazi sezilwane saseJalimane nesihambi, emsebenzini wakhe othandwayo uBrehms TierlebenI-Animal Life ihlanganise ingcebo yezinto ezibonakalayo kwi-biology yezilwane ezihlala emhlabeni.
U-Alfred Brem wazalelwa eThuringia, emndenini womfundisi wakulelidolobhana uLudwig Brem, udokotela wamazinyo odumile waseYurophu. Kusukela esemncane, ngaphansi kokuholwa nguyise, wabamba iqhaza ekubukweni kwemvelo nakwezesayensi futhi ikakhulu. Okokuqala, uBrem wangena e-University of Altenburg e-Faculty of Architecture (1843), lapho uK. Krause abhala khona embhalweni wakhe wokuzalwa kukaBrema: “Kodwa-ke, akazange azikhethele lo msebenzi. Akaze abe ngudokotela noma i-zoologist, njengoba umuntu angalindela ... ” Kodwa-ke, ngo-1847 wahamba njengososayensi wemvelo ohambweni lokuya e-Afrika, emva kwalokho umsebenzi wakhe wesayensi waqala.
Uhambo luka-Alfred Bram lwaqala eneminyaka eyi-17 nesiphakamiso sikaBaron Müller ngonyaka we-1847 ukuthatha uhambo lokuya e-Afrika uye eNayile engenhla. Ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu yokuzulazula eGibhithe, eNubia nase-East Sudan, wabuyela eJalimane wafunda isayensi yemvelo eJena naseVienna. Wayeshicilela ama-eseyi e-ornithological kumamagazini futhi wayengomunye wabasunguli beJalimane Ornithological Society.
UMNDENI KAChINCHILLA - (Chinchillidae).
(Chinchillidae) - Umndeni omncane wamagundane we-caviomorphic, kufaka phakathi i-3 genera nezinhlobo ezi-6.
Kusanda kuvela ukuthi abameleli balo mndeni omncane wezilwane zaseMelika baziwa kangcono, izikhumba zazo ebezisetshenziswa ngabomdabu baseNingizimu Melika kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kanti kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka edlule zilethwe inani elikhulu eYurophu. Imizimba yabo igqoke uboya, buthambile ukwedlula bonke abanye izilwane ezincelisayo. Umbala woboya ubumpunga okhanyayo ngombala omhlophe nomnyama-onsundu noma ophuzi.
Onke ama-chinchillas ahlala eNingizimu Melika futhi ikakhulukazi ezintabeni ukuphakama okukhulu, phakathi kwamadwala angenalutho ngaphansi kolayini weqhwa, yinye kuphela inhlobo ehlala ezindaweni eziphansi. Zigcinwa emihumeni yemvelo noma emiseleni eyebiwe yizo. Bonke banokuzijabulisa, abanye bahlala emindenini emhumeni ofanayo. Ukugwema, njengamahashe, ukukhanya, avela ikakhulukazi kusihlwa noma ebusuku. Lezi yizilwane ezisheshayo, ezigugile, ezinamahloni futhi ezinamahloni, lapho zihamba zingama-rabi ayisiqingatha, amagundane ayihafu. Ukuzwa kubo, ngokusobala, umuzwa othuthuke kakhulu. Amakhono engqondo awaqondakali. Izimpande kanye nama-lichens, ama-bulbs namagxolo, kanye nezithelo, kwenza ukudla kwazo. Ukuzala kabusha kuqine njengokuqine njengama-hares. Babekezelela kalula ubugqila futhi bajabulela inhlanzeko yabo nobumsulwa obulula. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyingozi noma, okungenani, ziyacasula, zimba ngaphansi komhlaba, kepha zonke ziwusizo ngenyama noboya bazo.
I-Tachilla emfishane (Chinchilla burvicaudata)
Zimbili kuphela izinhlobo zalezi zilwane ezaziwayo: i-chinchilla emfishane (iChinchilla brevicaudata) ne-chinchilla efanele (iChinchilla lanigera). Esokuqala sifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-30, umsila waso ungama-13 cm, kanti unezinwele ezingama-20 cm. Ijazi elilinganayo, elincane, nelithambile kakhulu emuva futhi izinhlangothi zinezinwele ezinobude obungaphezu kuka-2 cm, izinwele ezisempandeni zimnyama ngombala omnyama, ihlanganiswa ngaphezulu ngamasongo amhlophe abanzi, futhi ngimpunga emnyama emaphethelweni. Ngenxa yalokhu, umbala jikelele ubonakala unesiliva ngokufaka umnyama. Ngaphansi nemilenze imhlophe imhlophe, umsila unemivimbo emibili emnyama ngaphezulu, amadevu empandeni anombala omnyama onsundu, onsundu ngomphunga, amehlo amakhulu amnyama.
Kudala ngesikhathi samaInca, abantu basePeru ababenziwe ngendwangu ecwebezelayo eyenziwe ngohlobo lwe-silch chinilla nezinye izinto ezifanayo ezazisetshenziswa kakhulu, futhi ababhali abanjengo-Acosta noMolina banikeza imininingwane ecacisiwe, yize kungenjalo ngokuphelele, izincazelo zalesi silwane esibaluleke kakhulu. Eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, izikhumba zokuqala zivele eYurophu njengokutholakala kweSpain, manje seziyinto esejwayelekile. Abathengisi beFur babazi izinhlobo ezimbili zama-chinchillas angempela ngaphambili kunabezazi zezilwane. Kunge-1829 kuphela lapho uBennett anganikeza eminye imininingwane mayelana nalesi silwane ngemuva kokuyithola iphila futhi wayibuka isikhathi eside eNgilandi. Kodwa ngisho namanje umlando wemvelo wama-chinchillas ngamaphuzu amaningi umnyama kakhulu.
Isihambi esikhuphukela eCordillera sisuka ogwini olusentshonalanga yeNingizimu Melika, sifinyelela indawo ephakeme ngamamitha angama-2000 kuya ku-3 000 ngenhla kweMeria, imvamisa ibona amabanga onke lapho wonke amatshe ambozwe nge-chinchillas nezinhlobo ezimbili zolunye uhlobo lomndeni ofanayo.
* Kubonakala sengathi kunamagquma abonakala ezintabeni (i-Lagidium). Womabili ama-chinchillas kanye namahlebezi asezintabeni akuvamile ukuthi abambe izimbobo zawo, akhethe ukuphephela kule voids ngaphansi kwamadwala, imigodi yamatshe.
EPeru, eBolivia naseChile, lezi zilwane kumele zivame kakhulu, njengoba sifunda kubahambi ukuthi baxosha izinkulungwane zezilwane ngosuku olulodwa. Ngezinsuku ezikhanyayo, ungabona ukuthi ama-chinchillas ahlala kanjani phambi kwezimbobo zawo, kepha hhayi ohlangothini lwamadwala, kepha ngaso sonke isikhathi asethunzini elijulile. Kaningi ubanakekela ekuseni nasekuseni kusihlwa. Ngemuva kwalokho bavuselela izintaba futhi ikakhulukazi imigaba yezindawo ezinamadwala namadwala, lapho kunotshani kuphela obukhulu. Ngokusobala, emadwaleni angenalutho ngokuphelele azulazula emuva naphambili ngejubane elingafani nokuphila. Ngokukhululeka okumangalisayo bakhuphuka lapha nalapha emaweni lapho kukhona okungekho ukunamathela kukho. Bakhuphuka ngamamitha ayi-6 ukuya kwama-10 ngobunyoninco obunjalo kanye nesivinini sokuthi umuntu akakwazi ukubalandela ngamehlo abo. Yize engenamahloni ikakhulukazi, kepha akuvumeli ukuba usondele futhi unyamalale ngaso leso sikhathi, umane wenza sengathi ufuna ukubalandela. Isikebhe esigcwele embozwe ngamakhulu ezilwane siba yize futhi sifile kanye kanye lapho bedutshulwa. I-chinchilla ngayinye ifihla ngokushesha emgodleni wedwala bese inyamalala ukungena kuyo, njengokungathi ngomlingo ocashile emehlweni ayo. Lapho imigedla iqhubeka ihlukana, imvamisa ihlala ngokugcotshwa ama-chinchillas, ngoba yimifantu, imigodi nemigoqo ephakathi kwamatshe ebanikeza indawo yokuhlala. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi umhambi, ngaphandle kokwenza okubi ngalezi zilwane, aphumule ezindaweni eziphakeme, umane uvinjezelwe yilaba abahlala emadwaleni. Kancane kancane amatshe ayabonakala, kusukela ekuqhekekeni ngakunye, ekhweni ngalinye, kuphuma ikhanda.
* Ezikhathini ezichazwe yiBrem, ama-chinchillas atholakala emikhakheni yabantu abangafika kwabayi-100 noma ngaphezulu. Ngenxa yokudoba okungalawulwa, amanani abo asehle, kepha manje aselulama futhi ngenxa yezinyathelo zokuzivikela.
Ama-chinchillas anelukuluku kakhulu futhi akholwa kalula ukusondela futhi, ekugcineni, agijime ngesibindi ngaphansi kwezinyawo zeminyuzi eklabayo. Amagazi abo amelela uhlobo oluthile lokugxuma kunokuhamba, kepha afane nokunyakaza kwamagundane ethu. Baphumula, bahlala ngemuva komzimba, badonsela imilenze yabo yangaphambili esifubeni futhi welula umsila emuva, kodwa bangakhuphuka ngokukhululekile emilenzeni yabo yangasemva bebambe isikhashana kulesi sikhundla. Lapho ukhuphuka, wonke ama-paws amane abamba emifantwini yamatshe, futhi ubulukhuni obuncane banele ukuba abambelele ngokuqinile. *
* Amandla okukhuphuka nokugxuma (ekuthunjweni i-chinchilla ingagxuma kalula kusuka phansi kuya ehlombe lomuntu) kuyamangaza kakhulu ngoba izitho ze-chinchilla zibukeka zincane kakhulu futhi zibuthakathaka, kanti ukugcwala kwazo kufushane futhi kuthambile.
Bonke ababukeli bakhombisa ukuthi lesi silwane siyakwazi ukuvuselela ngisho indawo enezintaba edabukile kakhulu futhi edabukisayo ngasikhathi sinye futhi ijabulisa umuntu ohamba yedwa kulezi zindawo eziphakeme.
Akukho mininingwane eqondile ekwenziweni kabusha kwe-chinchilla, yize iye yasakazwa engadini yaseLondon yezilwane zasolwandle. Abesifazane abakhulelwe batholakala ezweni lakubo nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka futhi bafunda kumdabu ukuthi isibalo samawundlu sisuka ku-4 kuye ku-6, imininingwane eminye imininingwane ayitholakali. Amawundlu azimele uma nje eshiya imifantu emadwaleni lapho eqale khona ukubona ukukhanya, kanti insikazi endala, ngokusobala, kusukela ikhululiwe, iyayeka ukunakekela inzalo yayo.
* Naphezu kokuhlala emakoloni, ama-chinchillas ayiziswana, kanti izinsikazi zinkulu futhi zinolaka kunabesilisa abasesikhundleni esiphakeme koloni. Ngonyaka, imvamisa kukhona ama-broods ama-2 (okuvame kakhulu i-1 noma i-3) ka-2-3 (aze afike ku-6) aboniwe, abancane, anesethi ephelele yamazinyo.
Zivame ukuthotshiswa ekhaya, zisavamile eYurophu. Ngenkululeko, i-chinchilla idla utshani, izimpande kanye ne-moss futhi isebenzisa ama-paws ayo angaphambili ukuletha ukudla emlonyeni wayo.
Ezinsukwini zakudala, bathiwa i-chinchilla olwandle kuzo zonke izintaba njengoba manje isiphezulu. Njengamanje, kuhlangatshezwa ezintabeni eziphansi kuphela ngesimo sezinhlobo ezithile. Ukushushiswa ngokungaguquki aphathwe ngaphansi kwakhe ngenxa yesikhumba kumqhubekisele phezulu. Bebelokhu bezingelwa ngentshiseko kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo futhi ngisho namanje basebenzisa cishe impela izindlela ezifanayo zokuzingela njengangaphambili. AbaseYurophu, noma kunjalo, kwesinye isikhathi bambulalela ngezibhamu noma kusuka kwimicibisholo yokuzikhipha, kepha lokhu kuzingela kunika imiphumela engathembekile, ngoba uma ungangeni e-chinchilla ukuze ifa khona manjalo, khona-ke icasha komunye wemifantu yedwala bese inyamalala kumzingeli. Indlela yokuzingela esetshenziswa amaNdiya ithembeke kakhulu. Babeka izihibe ezenziwe kahle phambi kwazo zonke izikebhe zamatshe ezingafinyelela kuzo, futhi ngakusasa bakhipha ama-chinchillas awele kulezi zingibe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaNdiya athanda ukuthanda ukuzingela esikusebenzisela onogwaja. Bayakwazi ukuyisebenzisa kahle i-weasel futhi ibaqeqeshe ukuba bazingele ama-chinchillas, bese benza ngendlela efanayo nabazingeli bethu abanezibazi, noma bavumela i-weasel ukuba ikhiphe isilwane esabulawa ngaphakathi kweleil. *
* Weasel omude, noma omude onemiphetho emhlophe (uMustela frenata) - umdlwane omncane, ofana kakhulu nomhlambi, kepha mkhulu kakhulu.
Izimangaliso zithi umthengisi eMolinos, okuyindawo esentshonalanga impela ezifundazweni zaseLa Plata, wayevame ukuthekelisa izikhumba ezingama-2000-3000 ngonyaka, kwathi ngo-1857 wayengathengisa nje ama-600. Uthi: "Abazingeli abaningi baseNdiya, bakhalaza phambi kwami kokuncipha kwenani lalezi zilwane kanye nobunzima obukhulayo bokuzibamba. Lokhu kungumphumela wokuphishekela okungaqondakali. Ngokuxosha imali ethengisiwe ekuthengisweni kwenyamazane, umzingeli we-chinchilla uthenga imalimboleko inani elithile lokudla, lathembisa ukukhokha ngemuva kokuzingela, futhi lathumela ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu zasolwandle kuma-chinchillas.
* Manje ama-chinchillas ahlala kuphela kulwa lwamadwala asendaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-3000-5000 ngaphezu kolwandle.
Lapha, lezi zilwane ezinhle zihlala emifukweni ecishe ifinyeleleke noma phansi kwamatshe emalokishini azimbele wona. Banamahloni ngendlela engafani nalutho, futhi noma iyiphi into engajwayelekile noma umsindo ongajwayelekile ubashayela ngesivinini sombani baye emashalofini athembekile uma bedla ngaleso sikhathi noma, lokho abakuthandayo ikakhulukazi, badlala elangeni kukude lapho. Eduze kwezindawo ezindala noma ezintsha ze-chinchilla, lapho umzingeli aqaphela ngamehlo akhe okhozi ngenkathi ezulazula kanzima, ubeka izihibe eziqinile zamahhashi noma izicupho ezilula phambi kwezigcingo alinde imiphumela, acashe kahle kude. Ama-chinchillas anelukuluku, lapho ebheka ukuthi ingozi idlulile, asheshe aqhamuke ezindlini zawo zokugoba futhi azibophele izingodo noma azibulale ngezicupho. INdiya iphuthume, ibakhiphe bayisetha futhi igiya lokudoba. Kepha manje kudlula isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba izilwane ezisabayo zinqume ukuhamba ekhaya. Bahlala izinsuku ezimbili ezindlini zabo zokulala, bengaphinde babe nesibindi sokuphuma ngaphandle, abakhokhelwa ngempilo yabo. Kulula ukuqonda ukuthi i-Indian eqinile futhi elinde ngesineke ingaqothula yonke indawo, kuthi ekugcineni, indlala ivele ku-loops ne-chinchillas yokugcina. Abadutshulwa, ngoba ngisho nabantu abalimele kakhulu babalekela ezindlini zabo zokulala kanti kulokhu bayanyamalala, negazi elivela emanxebeni linezinwele eziluhlaza kakhulu kangangokuba izikhumba ezinjalo zilahlekelwa ubuhle obuningi nokubaluleka. Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa eCordillera, umzingeli weChinchilla ubuya nezisulu eMolinos futhi uthola ama-pesid angama-5-6 ngezikhumba eziyishumi nambili. "
Enyakatho naphakathi neChile, i-chinchilla enomsila omfishane ithathelwa olunye uhlobo, izinhlobo ezincane (iChinchilla lanigera). *
* I-chinchilla enkulu enomsila omfushane ehlala ema-Andes aseningizimu yePeru, iBolivia kanye nenyakatho yeArgentina. Empeleni i-chinchilla laniger ihlala enyakatho yeChile.
Ngokuya ngempilo, le nhlobo, ngokusobala, ifana ngokuphelele neyangaphambili, futhi futhi isondele kuyo ngokubukeka nangombala woboya. Kepha kuncane kakhulu: ubude bonke bungamasentimitha angama-35 ukuya kwengama-40, lapho umsila uhlala khona cishe ingxenye yesithathu. Ijazi elithambile elincanyana emuva 2 cm ubude, emuva nasezinhlangothini 3 cm. Umbala wayo ungwephukile umlotha onsundu enamachashazi amnyama, ingaphansi kanye nemilenze unombala ophuzi noma ophuzi. Ohlangothini olungaphezulu lomsila, izinwele ezisesisekelweni nasekipheni zivele zimhlophe maphakathi nendawo onsundu-mnyama, ingaphansi lomsila limdaka.
Kungemva nje kwezicelo eziningi zososayensi bemvelo, izithungo eziningana zathunyelwa eYurophu, kanti kamuva nezilwane eziphilayo, yize abahambi bebelokhu bekhuluma nge-chinchilla isikhathi eside kakhulu.
* Njengamanje, ukwenziwa kabusha kwama-chinchillas emapulazini njengesilwane soboya kuye kwasungulwa emhlabeni wonke, amanani emfuyo angaphezu kwesigidi, ukufuya kuyaqhubeka, izinhlobo zezinhlobo zemvelo zakhiwe ngemibala ehlukene yoboya, kusuka kumhlophe kuye komnyama. Ngeshwa, uboya bezilwane ezihlala esitokisini ngemuva kwezizukulwane ezi-1-2 buqala ukuvumelana noboya bezintambo zasendle.Ekudingisweni, ama-chinchillas asinda afinyelela eminyakeni engama-20.
UHaukins, owashicilela incazelo yohambo lwakhe ngonyaka we-1622, uliqhathanisa ne-squirrel, kanti u-Ovalle uthi la ma-squirrel atholakala esiGodini saseGuasco kuphela futhi abaluleke kakhulu futhi alandelwa ngenxa yoboya obuhle. UMolina wasethula kulesisilwane ngasekupheleni kweminyaka eyedlule. Uthi uboya balezi zinhlobo mncane njengezintambo zewebhu, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, zinde kangangokuba zingaxhunyaniswa. "Lesi silwane sihlala ngaphansi komhlaba ezindaweni ezisenyakatho yeChile futhi sibambisana ngokuzithandela nezinye izihlobo. Ukudla kwaso kuqukethe ama-bulbs kanye nezitshalo ezinama-bulb, zivamile kulezo zinhlangothi. Sizala amawundlu angama-5-6 kabili ngonyaka. abazami ukuluma noma babaleke uma bebanjiwe, bahlala phansi buthule, noma ngabe bafakwe emadolweni, kungathi kwakuyilo lwabo uqobo, futhi babonakala bekuthanda kakhulu ukuhlukunyezwa. khona-ke asikho isizathu sokusaba ukubenza bangcole nokugqoka noma ukunikeze iphunga elibi, abanalo iphunga elibi njengamanye amagundane. Ngakho-ke, izilwane zingagcinwa ezindlini ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka futhi ngentengo ephansi, zizozibuyisela zonke izindleko ngokweqile uma zicheba izinwele zazo. ebezisungulwe kakhulu kunalezi ezikhona njengamanje, zikwazile ukwenza izingubo kanye nezinye izinto ezivela kuloboya. "
Ngo-1829, iChinchilla encane yalethwa eLondon futhi yachazwa uBennett. Lesi isidalwa esinokuthula kakhulu, noma, kwesinye isikhathi, esasizama ukuluma uma besesimweni esibi. Wayengajabule kakhulu, futhi ngesinye isikhathi ayenokubonwa ama-kuzuba akhe ayinqaba. Wahlala emilenzeni yakhe yangemuva, kepha wayekwazi ukuma ame ngezinyawo zakhe ezingemuva, alethe ukudla emlonyeni wakhe ngezihlakala zangaphambili. Ebusika, kwadingeka ukuthi ngimngenise egumbini elishisayo elinesizotha. Wayethanda okusanhlamvu nezitshalo ezimnandi kakhulu kunamakhambi omile, wona, ngaphandle kwalokho, ayedliwa kalula yi-chinchilla enkulu enomsila omfishane. I-chinchilla encane ayikwazanga ukutshala kanye naleyo enkulu, lapho sebekwenzile lokhu, kwaqala impi ebuhlungu, lapho omncane wayezofa uma abezokulwa bengahlukanwanga ngokushesha.
Ukuqashelwa engingazenza kwi-chinchilla eyodwa encane ekudingisweni kuhambisana nemininingwane kaBennett. Kodwa-ke, othunjiwe wami waphikisana nokuthi wayehamba ebusuku kakhulu kunesilwane sasemini. Kuyiqiniso, i-chinchilla yayingahlala iphapheme phakathi nosuku, kodwa kuphela uma iphazamisekile. Ngenkathi eke waphumela ngaphandle kwekheji futhi wazulazula endlini ngokuzithandela, wayehlala ecasha phakathi nosuku, kepha wayephila kakhulu ebusuku.
Abantu baseNingizimu Melika bazimisele kakhulu ukudla inyama yazo zombili izinhlobo zama-chinchillas, abahambi baseYurophu kubonakala sengathi bayayithanda, yize bethi ayinakuqhathaniswa nenyama ye-hare yethu. Kodwa-ke, le nyama isetshenziswa kuphela phakathi kwezinye izinto, injongo eyinhloko yokuzingela isikhumba. AmaChinchillas e-Cordilleras ephezulu ayaziswa kakhulu, ngokusho kwe-Mirangaliso, ngoba izinwele zazo zinde, zizacile futhi zinciphile futhi zinoboya obuqine kakhulu kunezilwane zasogwini, ezikhumba zazo cishe ezingenalo inani. E-America, manje izigqoko kuphela ezenziwa boya, ubuciko bezingcweti zakudala ezafa nabo.
Ngokusho kukaLomer, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezikhumba ezigqamile kwezentengiso yoboya: izikhumba zamachashaza amakhulu anemisila emincane, ezinenwele ezinde nezinwele, nezikhumba zama-chinchillas amancane, ezinezinwele ezimfishane, ezokuqala kubiza amamaki ayi-15-25 . *
* Ngokuphikisana nalokho okushiwo nguBrehm, uboya besigaxana esikhulu esine-tachilla sibaluleke ngokungaphansi koboya be-chinchilla uqobo, oluqhubeka nokuba ngolunye olubiza kakhulu emhlabeni.
Eyokuqala ukuya ekuhwebeni minyaka yonke ifinyelela kuma-20 000. Umehluko phakathi kwezikhumba ezinhle kakhulu nezimbi kakhulu uhlaba umxhwele kakhulu, kepha kunezindlela zokushintshana, incazelo yazo okunzima ku-connoisseur.
I-whisky yaseNtabeni (I-Lagidhtm) inezindlebe ezinde kakhulu, umsila wambozwe izinwele ezithobile ebusweni bangaphezulu, imilenze enezinyawo ezine kanye amadevu amade kakhulu.
* Ngesikhathi seBrem, lezi zilwane zazibizwa ngokuthi ama-pushers. Ama-whiskers asezintabeni (i-Lagidium) ahlala emikhakheni yezilwane ezifika ku-80 ezindaweni ezinamadwala owomile, ezindaweni zemifino ezingatheni kakhulu ze-Andes zisuka ePeru ziye ePatagonia. Ngokungafani nama-chinchillas, anendlela yokuphila yansuku zonke futhi aletha kuphela i-1 i-litter kwilitha ngalinye.
Ngokwesakhiwo sezinyo, ama-chinchillas nama-viskashas asondelene kakhulu; cishe acishe afane nasendleleni yokuphila. Kuze kube manje, zinhlobo ezimbili kuphela zemilwelwe esezintabeni ezaziwayo ukuthi zihlala phakathi kwamawa angenalutho eCordillera eduze komngcele weqhwa lomlilo endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-3000 kuya kwayi-5000 ngaphezu kolwandle. *
* Manje kunezinhlobo ezintathu zama-visa asentabeni.
Zisendlwana futhi zixakile njengama-chinchillas, zibonisa izakhiwo ezifanayo futhi zizondla ngezitshalo ezifanayo noma okungenani ezifanayo. Kulezi zinhlobo ezimbili, eyodwa ihlala amathafa aseningizimu yePeru neBolivia, enye - ingxenye esenyakatho yePeru ne-Ecuador.
I-Peruvian Viskasha (Ukubuyiselwa kweLagidium).
Isilwane cishe silingana nokubukeka konogwaja, kuphela imilenze yangemuva yakhona yinde kakhulu kunaleyo yomvundla wangempela, futhi umsila omude awuvumi ukuqhathaniswa nomsila we hares yethu. Izindlebe zingaba ngu-8 cm ubude, umphetho wazo wangaphandle uthambekele ngaphakathi, isiphelo siyindilinga, ngaphandle zimbozwe ngoboya obunobuhlakani, ngaphakathi kucishe kube nqunu, unqenqemeni ulotshwe kahle ngezinwele. Uboya buthambile kakhulu futhi bude, izinwele, ngaphandle kwabamnyama abambalwa, zimhlophe empandeni, emaphepheni we-off-white exutshwe nsundu. Ngenxa yalokhu, lo boya uthola umbala wombala osampunga, othi ngawo izinhlangothi ukhanye bese uphenduka ube ophuzi. Umsila ovela ngezansi nangapha ezinhlangothini uhleli ngezinwele ezimfushane, ezimhlophe nezimnyama, kuthi ngasekupheleni kubemnyama ngokuphelele, kusukela phezulu izinwele zinsundu-zimnyama, zinde futhi ziboshwe. Okumangalisa kakhulu amadevu amade afinyelela emahlombe.
* Amadevu amade angajwayelekile ngokujwayelekile kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni.
Cishe lezo zikhumba ezingena ekuhwebeni ngaphansi kwegama "chinchillons" zivela kulesilwane. Ziyinani elingenakuqhathaniswa; angamakhulu ambalwa kuphela awayo minyaka yonke eYurophu.
I-whisky emile (I-Lagostomus maximm) ifana ne-chinchilla kune-whisky esezintabeni.
* I-viskasha yasePlain ayibukeki njengama-chinchillas ne-viskash yasentabeni. Akutholakali emathafeni kuphela, kepha nasezintabeni eziphansi, ezintabeni zethaba kufinyelela ku-2600 m.
Umzimba uqinile ngentamo emfushane ne-back convex emuva, imilenze yangaphambili imfushane futhi ineminwe emine, imilenze yangemuva eqinile ineminyaka ephindwe kabili kunayo futhi ineminwe emithathu. Ikhanda likhulu, liyindilinga, liyisicaba phezulu, futhi livuvukele ezinhlangothini, isihlakala ngesifushane nangokufiphaza. Amadevu ezindebeni nasezihlathini ahlukaniswa ukuqina okukhethekile, afana kakhulu nensimbi kunokwakheka kwezimpondo, abe nokuqina okukhulu nokukhala uma ubambe okuthile kuwo. Cishe izindlebe ezingenalutho ezingenalutho, ezacile, ezithobekile zobukhulu obuphakathi, Amehlo abanzi awakukhulu noma, ekhaleni elimbozwe ngoboya kanye nezindebe zangaphakathi ezihlukanisiwe zakha ezinye izici zekhanda. Uhlangothi olungezansi lwemilenze yangemuva ngaphambili limbozwe ngoboya, kanti ne-corpus callosum nayo ihamba nqunu ngemuva, uhlangothi olungaphansi lwemilenze yangaphambili, ngakolunye uhlangothi, aluhamba nqunu ngokuphelele. Izindwangu ezimfishane ezizungezwe izinwele ezithambile zakha izingalo zemilenze yangaphambili, futhi ezinde futhi ezinamandla zemilenze yangasemuva. Isidumbu simbozwe ngoboya obukhulu obukhulu, ohlangothini olungaphezulu sinezinwele ezimpunga ezisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo nezinsundu, yingakho emuva kubonakala sengathi kumnyama mnyama. Ikhanda lingwempunga kunezinhlangothi zomzimba, umucu obanzi osondele engxenyeni engenhla yesizungu futhi eduze kwesihlathi umhlophe, umsila umbozwe amabala amhlophe namabala ansundu, lonke uhlangothi oluphansi nolungaphakathi lwemilenze lumhlophe. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kunokuphambuka kusuka kulo mbala. Kwabanye, ingemuva lingwevu ngokubomvu ngombala obomvu ngamabala amnyama, uhlangothi olungaphansi lubemhlophe, esihlathini kuboshwe umucu obomvu onsundu, isixaka sesimnyama, umsila unombala onsundu. Ubude bomzimba buyi-50 cm, ubude bomsila buyi-18 cm. *
* Isisindo somuntu omdala singafinyelela ku-7 kg. Isisindo esiphezulu se-chinchillas kanye nama-whiskeys asentabeni angu-1,6 kg.
IPlain viskasha ithatha indawo yezihlobo zayo emndenini osempumalanga ye-Andes, indawo yayo yokusatshalaliswa njengamanje yenziwa ngamaphepasi, ukusuka eBuenos Aires kuya ePatagonia. Kuze kulinywe umhlaba lapho usuhamba njengoba kwenzeka manje, wawutholakala eParaguay. Lapho isekhona, itholakala ngamanani amakhulu. Kwezinye izindawo ziningi kakhulu zayo kangangokuba yonke imihlambi ihlala ezinhlangothini zombili zomgwaqo, kepha lokhu kwenzeka kuphela ebusuku.
Yizindawo ezivikeleke kakhulu nezingagwaduleki ezakha ukuthi zikuphi, kepha zihamba yonke indawo ezindaweni ezitshalwa kakhulu, izihambi zize zazi ukuthi uma kunenqwaba yama-viskacheras, okungukuthi, izindawo zokuhlala lesi silwane, kusho ukuthi izindawo zaseSpain ziseduze.
IViskasha ihlala emathafeni aminyene aminyene nendawo enkulu eyakhiwe lapha futhi imba lapha imisele ebanzi engaphansi komhlaba, iningi nezihlahla eziseduze nendawo futhi hhayi kude namasimu. Imisele ihlala ndawonye futhi ihlalwa futhi. Zihlotshiswe ngemigwaqo engenakubalwa nemipheme yokubalekela futhi ngaphakathi ihlukaniswe ngamakamelo amaningana, ngokuya ngosayizi womndeni ozinze lapha. Isibalo samalungu omndeni singafinyelela ku-8-10, kepha kulokhu, ingxenye yezakhamuzi ishiya indawo yakudala futhi isungule entsha, ihlale ngokuzithandela eduze kwasendulo. *
* Ngokuvamile, ama-viscacheras ahlanganisa indawo engaba ngu-600 m2 futhi inezimbobo ezingaba ngu-20 ukuya kuma-200 m ubude nomnyango wokufinyelela kububanzi obuyi-1 m. Isibalo se-viskacheras esisodwa yizilwane ezingama-20-30, owesilisa osekhulile "uyamhola". Ngenxa yokusikeka komhlaba kusuka ohlelweni lomsele, indawo yekholoni iphakanyiswa ngamasentimitha angama-50-80 ngenhla kwephampu.
Kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi isikhova somhume size lapha futhi sithathe indawo yokuhlala enkulu. UTidy whiskeys akaze akubekezelele ubukhona bomuntu ahlala naye engakhathaleli i-oda kakhulu njengoba benza, bese eshiya masinyane uma omunye wabafokazi ebacasukela ukungcola kwakhe.
* Izilwane eziningi zihlala amakhavu. Abaqashi abaningi bahlala emiseleni esevele ilahliwe futhi ayinangozi kwikholoni, izimpungushe nezinyoka ezinkulu zibeka engcupheni.
Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlabathi kwesinye isikhathi ayibekelwa phansi esikhaleni semayela lesikwele. Wonke umndeni ulala usuku lonke, ucashe endaweni yokuhlala, ngesikhathi sokushona kwelanga esinye isilwane sikhonjisiwe, omunye, futhi ekuqaleni kokuhwalala, umphakathi omkhulu ubuthana ngaphambi kweminyango. Ihlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ngabe yonke into isezingeni eliphansi, futhi izulazula emakhaya isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuyofuna ukudla. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungabona ukuthi amakhulu alezi zilwane adlala kanjani phakathi kwawo, futhi uzwe ekude kakhulu nokugunda kwawo, okufana nengulube. Uma konke sekuthule ngokuphelele, khona-ke umphakathi ufuna ukudla, nakho konke okudlekayo, konke okutholayo. Yebo, amagreyidi, izimpande kanye namagxolo, kwenza ingxenye eyinhloko yokuphakelwa, kepha uma kunamasimu aseduze, bese izilwane zivakashela zona futhi zikhiphe incithakalo ebonakalayo lapho. Ohlelweni lokuya edlelweni, futhi uyaqapha kakhulu: akwenzeki ukuthi bakhohlwe ukuzivikela. I-whisky inyukela ngaphezudlwana kwemilenze yayo engemva, ilalela ngokucophelela ontanga bayo ebumnyameni ebusuku. Ngomsindo omncane bayabaleka baphuthume, bakhala kakhulu, bagijimele ngemigodini yabo, ukwesaba kwabo kukhulu kangangokuba baze bamemeze futhi benze umsindo lapho sebefikile ekhaya ephephile.
* I-Whisky igcina ukuxhumana ku-koloni ngezibonakaliso ezizwakalayo. I-repertoire yabo iyacebile ngokungajwayelekile.
Ngokunyakaza kwabo, i-whisky isezindlela eziningi ezifanayo nonogwaja, noma kunjalo, baphansi kakhulu kubo ngejubane, yize bejabule kakhulu, kumnandi futhi bethambekele kakhulu emidlalweni. Kuyiwe emadlelweni, zithandelana njalo ngokufana, zigijimisana, zigxuma ziginqane. *
* IWhisky egijima ngejubane elingama-40 km / h, ingenza ukugxuma okungamamitha amathathu. Imvamisa kufanele badle kude kakhulu nama-viskacheras, ngoba utshani obumzungezile seludliwe isikhathi eside, futhi baphuthume ukuyogijimela emgodini osengozini, baphenduka abukhali.
Baphethe imisele yabo ngezinto ezahlukahlukene abazithola ngesikhathi bephuma besiya edlelweni bese bezifaka emfuleni ongcolile phambi komnyango, sengathi lezi zinto zingaba amathoyizi abo. Amathambo nezidleke kufakwe phambi kwezimbobo, imingxunya yenkomo nezinto ezilahlwe ngengozi ngabantu ezingalethi inzuzo yezilwane, futhi i-gaucho, lapho ilahlekelwe okuthile, iya kuma-viskarasaras aseduze ukuyofuna into elahlekile lapho. Izilwane zisusa ngokucophelela konke okungadingekile ezindlini zazo. Ukuthi baqoqa amasheya wasebusika ngemisele ababezokondla ngesikhathi esinzima sonyaka akukaziwa, okungenani omunye wabasakazi bemvelo bakudala uthi. Izwi labo liyizwi elimangazayo, elikhulu, futhi elingajabulisi noma i-grunt engeke ichazwe.
Mayelana nokukhiqizwa kuze kube manje, akukho lutho oluthembekile olwaziwayo. Kuthiwa izinsikazi zizala amawundlu angama-2-4 akhula ezinyangeni ezingama-2-4.
* Emnyakeni kukhona eyodwa (ezifundeni ezisenyakatho - ezimbili) ngo-Julayi - Agasti. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga ezi-5, imvamisa ama-2 akhule kahle kulitha. Ekudingisweni, iViskash yaphila iminyaka eyi-10.
I-Goering ibone i-eyodwa kuphela kuma-viskashas amadala. Wayehlala esondelene nonina. Uyiphatha ngothando olukhulu futhi uyivikela uma kungenzeka ibe nengozi. Uma ubamba amawundlu uwasebenzise, athambeka futhi kube lula ukuwabamba, njengonogwaja bethu. Kwezinye izindawo zitholakala nasezivandeni zezilwane zaseYurophu, i-whisky, eyayigcinwa eNgilandi yaseFrankfurt, kwakunguGaake, owayehlala egomekile, edangele futhi ehlukaniswa yisihluku esibi.
I-Wiskash ihlukunyezwa kancane ngenxa yenyama nesikhumba sabo kunangendlela abmba ngayo ngaphansi komhlaba. Kulezo zindawo lapho ejwayelekile, ukugibela amahhashi kuhlotshaniswa nengozi yempilo, ngoba amahhashi ajwayele ukucindezela izingxenyana zezindawo zokulala ezingashoni futhi esaba kakhulu uma zingaweli nhlobo, alahle umgibeli noma aphule imilenze yawo.
I-whisky emile (I-Lagostomus maximus)
Kude kude, umdabu wayebona ama-visa avela ekhweni elilodwa elibabayo lokudliwa yizilwane ngokulangazela. Lesi sitshalo sitholakala njalo lapho kunama-viskaker amaningi, osebenza njengesibonakaliso izindawo ezingavikeleka. Bazama ukuxosha iViskash ezindaweni eziseduzane nemizana ngazo zonke izindlela futhi basebenzisa umlilo namanzi ukubabhubhisa. Utshani obuzungeze imisele buyashiswa, ngaleyo ndlela banciphise ukudla, izindawo ezigcwele izikhukhula bese ziphoqa izilwane ukuba zifune insindiso ngaphandle komqando, lapho izinja ezilindile zizibamba maduze. Ngaphandle kwabantu, lesi silwane sinezinye izitha eziningi. I-Condor, bathi, bazingela ama-whiskas nje kaningi njengoba behlangene nezihlobo zabo ezintabeni, izinja zasendle nezimpungushe zibahlukumeza emaphethelweni uma zivela ngaphambi kokufika, futhi igundana le-marsupial lingena ngisho nasemakhaya abo, lapho lihlasela izilwane. Kuliqiniso, i-viskasha iyazivikela ngangokunokwenzeka ezitheni zayo ezinamandla, ilwa nezinja isikhathi eside, ilwa ngesibindi ngegundwe lasemashibhini, ilume nemilenze yabantu, kepha i-rodent abampofu ingenzani ngokumelene nezitha ezinamandla! Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwako konke lokhu kushushiswa, inani lama-whiskeys alizange liqale ukwehla uma ukwandiswa kwabo kokutshala kwenhlabathi kungakuvimbanga ukukhiqizwa kwabo kabusha. Futhi kulokhu, umuntu, esethathile inhlabathi, uba yisitha esibi kakhulu salesi silwane.
AmaNdiya ase-steppe akholelwa ukuthi i-viskasha ekhiyiwe emgodini wayo ayikwazi ukuzikhulula futhi kufanele ife uma ingembiwa yizihlobo. Ngakho-ke, amaNdiya axhuma ukuphuma okuyinhloko kwama-viskacheras bese ebopha enye yezinja zawo lapho njengonogada, ukuze kungavumeli amanye ama-visa ukuba alungele ukusiza iziboshwa kuze kube yilapho amaNdiya ebuya nezihibe namanethi lapho. Ngokwemvelo, ama-whiskeys akhiyiwe asaba ukuphuma, aqaphele inja eduze kwendlu, futhi umNdiya afinyelela umgomo wakhe ngale ndlela.
AmaNdiya adla inyama ye-viskash futhi asebenzisa isikhumba sawo, yize sinenani elincane kakhulu kunezikhumba zezinhlobo ezingenhla.
A. Brem "Impilo Yezilwane"
Kuhlelwe nguProfessor L. M. Nikolsky.I-Saint Petersburg 1902
AmazwanaK. biol. n I-M.S. Galina ne-K. biol. n UM. B. Kornilova
Ukushicilela Indlu M: I-OLMA-PRESS OJSC "Red Proletariat" 2004
Umndeni omncane waseMelika wama-chinchillas (Lagostomidae) usebenza njengesigaba esiguqukayo phakathi kwamagundane nama hares.
* Manje lo mndeni ubizwa ngeChinchillidae.
Abamele bayo bangabizwa ngokuthi onogwaja ngomsila omude, o-fluffy. Amazinyo ama-Molar angenazimpande, anamafulethi okufana ayi-2-3 of koqweqwe lwawo. Uboya buthambile, bampunga obukhanyayo ngombala omhlophe, omnyama-onsundu noma ophuzi. Bahlala emihumeni noma emiseleni ezintabeni zaseNingizimu Melika, bavele kusihlwa kuphela. Ngomnyakazo, lawa anogwaja abangamakhamu, uhhafu-amagundane, ashesha, athokozisayo, anobuhlanya, onamahloni futhi onamahloni. Ngokwamandla engqondo, izilwane ezithuthukisiwe. Sakaza ngamandla, njengamahashe. Zijwayela ukudingiswa, zihlanzekile. Banikeza uboya obumnandi nenyama enambitha.
Ama-chinchillas wona ngokwawo (i-Eriomys) ahlukaniswa yinhloko eyindilinga, ebanzi, eyindilinga ngaphambili, eyinezinyawo ezinamazinyo amane, emilenzeni emide yezinyawo ezine nangezinyawo ezithandekayo ezithambile. *
* Uhlobo lwe-chinchillas lubizwa ngokuthi iChinchilla.
Izinhlobo ezimbili ziyaziwa: i-chinchilla enkulu (i-chin chinilla) ne-chinchilla encane (i-E. lanigera). Esokuqala sinobude obungu-30 cm, sinomsila we-13, umfaniswano, mncane, buthambile ngokwedlulele ukubukeka kwesilayidi okunamathela amnyama ngenhla nokumhlophe okumsulwa ngezansi. Isihambi, esikhuphuka sisuka entshonalanga siye eCordillera, sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayinkulungwane, izaziso ukuthi wonke amadwala ambozwe ngama-chinchillas. Ngezinsuku ezikhanyayo, laba bokuqala bahlala phambi kwemisele yabo, emthunzini, ngokunyakaza kwabo okusheshayo, okuvusa amadlingozi, ukuvuselela amadwala angenalutho ... Kuwo wonke umkhondo, kusukela emfuleni ngamunye, ikhanda lesilo elinamehlo amnyama liyaphuma.
AmaChinchillas ajwayela ukudingiswa masinyane, ahlanzekile, muhle futhi unemvelo enhle, kepha awutholi nkosi yawo enkulu. Ngenxa yokushushiswa okwandayo, isilwane siba kaningi unyaka nonyaka. Bazingela ngokubeka izihibe, noma ngosizo lwe-weasel eqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile (uMustela agilis). Manje ukuze ubazingele udinga ukukhuphukela ezilwaneni zasendle ezingenakufinyeleleka kanye nezwe eliyinkangala.
ENyakatho nePhakathi neChile, i-chinchilla enkulu ithathelwa indawo yi-chinchilla encane, efana neyokuqala ekubukeni nasendleleni yokuphila, incane kuphela ngosayizi: ubude bayo bungama-40 cm kuphela, kuthi ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ibe ngumsila. Umbala woboya bakhe ungwevu womlotha ngotshani obumnyama, futhi phansi nemilenze - ngombala ophuzi noma ophuzi. Idla izitshalo ezinama-bulbous ngaphandle kokuyeka okusanhlamvu namakhambi owomile. Ngokuphila, yisilwane esiba nobusuku kakhulu esivimbela ukukhanya. Izwi lakhe likubukhali obukhali, njengonogwaja.
• U-Chinchilla fur ubhekwa njengomunye wabiza kakhulu emhlabeni, ngenxa yalokho, ngenxa yokuqothulwa okunamandla, lezi zilwane zasinda endaweni emngcele phakathi kweChile nePeru. Manje lolu hlobo luvikelwe futhi nenani le-chinchillas liyakhula kancane kancane. Njengamanje, ama-chinchillas asetshenziswa futhi njengezilwane zokuhlobisa - angatholakala ezitolo zethu zezilwane ..
Ukuzala ama-chinchillas akuwona neze umsebenzi olula, kepha kusukela ngeminyaka yama-20 yekhulu lama-20, ama-chinchillas abelwa e-USA emapulazini oboya futhi manje kuleli lizwe kunama-chinchillas ezifuywayo angaphezu kuka-70.
Kusukela kuma-chinchillas angempela kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa ama-fluffers (i-Lagidium), anezindlebe ezinde, umsila onoboya, imilenze emine enezinyawo ezine amadevu amade kakhulu.
* Lokhu kusho 'ama-whisky asentabeni angawomndeni ofanayo ama-chinchillas. Sekukonke kunezinhlobo ezi-4.
Njengezilwane zangaphambilini, nazo zinenhlalo, ziphilile futhi zijabule. Kutholakale ePeru, eBolivia nase-Ecuador. Esidume kunazo zonke yi-Peruvian pushak (L. Cuvieri), ebukeka icishe ifane nonogwaja, inemilenze yangemuva ende futhi nomsila omkhulu ngokungenakuqhathaniswa. Uboya obuthambile kakhulu, obude bunombala we-ash grey, buguqula izindawo zibe phuzi. Le fur iyaziwa kubahwebi abangaphansi kwegama chinchillon futhi ayinani elincane.
Ifana kakhulu neVishkash chinchillas (Lagostomus), enomzimba ominyene futhi ibuye isigaxa sangemuva, imilenze yangaphambili inemifino emine, imilenze yangemuva ephindwe kabili, ineminwe emithathu. *
* I-Plain viskacha - izinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zomndeni (ubude bomzimba 50-60 cm, umsila i-visiska igcina ugobile ngendlela yesipuni setiye - cm 15-20), imivimbo emide nemhlophe ibonakala emhlolweni.
Ikhanda eliyindilinga, elivuvukele ezinhlangothini, liphela ngesifushane. Izindebe nezihlathi kuhleli ngogobolondo oluqinile, likhipha cishe i-metallic tinkle, amadevu acwebezelayo. Cishe izindlebe ezingenalutho, ezimfishane, nezimfushane - zobukhulu obuphakathi, amehlo asethelwe kabanzi nawo mancane. Umzimba wembethe uboya obukhulu, ucishe umnyama emuva nompunga ezinhlangothini, kepha umhlophe ngezansi. Ubude bufika ku-50 cm, umsila we-18. Ama-whiskeys ajwayelekile emaphepheni aye ePatagonia, lapho ahlala khona emiphakathini e-burrow.
* Izindawo zokuhlala iViskach - ama-viskacheros - ikoloni elifana nezindawo zokungcwaba eziphansi ezinamabhuleki angama-20- 30 anendawo ebanzi enamakamelo amaningi okuhlala kanye nama-nesting space ekujuleni okuyi-1-1,5 m akhona, njengezindawo zokuhlala zemarmot, amashumi amaningi namakhulu eminyaka. Ezindaweni ezibonakalayo, izinhlobonhlobo zezinambuzane, izirhubuluzi kanye nezinyoni ezithile, ngokwesibonelo, izikhova zomhume, ziyaphila.
Bondla ngezimpande notshani. Ngokusho kweminyakazo, ama-viskashas afana nama-moles, amnandi kuphela kunawo. Njengama-agua, athwalela izinto ezahlukahlukene kwizimbobo zawo azibeke phezu kwenqwaba ephambi komnyango, sengathi lezi zinto zingasebenza njengamathoyizi wazo. AmaGauchos, ekwazi lokhu, ahlala eyofuna izinto ezilahlekile ku- "viskacheras". Izilwane zisusa ngokucophelela konke okungadingekile kwizimbobo zazo. Izwi labo liyizwi eliyisimanga noma elingathandeki. IViskash ayigijinyelwa kuphela inyama yabo noboya bayo, kepha futhi ixoshwa ngokudabukisayo, izikhukhula ezikhukhula ngamanzi noma intuthu yokubhema, njengoba amahhashi e-chechos, ewela emigodini yawo, aphuca imilenze. UViskasha uzivikela ngokulangazelela hhayi ezinjeni kuphela, kepha ngisho nasendodeni ngokuluma imilenze yakhe, kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokulimala okukhulu kulokhu okugcina.
• I-Whisky ingumlutha wezinto ezicwebezelayo nezinempilo ezigoqeka emnyango we-burrows.
• Ama-Viscats enza imisindo ehlukahlukene ngokweqile: ukudla ngokuzwakala okukhulu, okudlidlizelayo, ukububula ngokuthula nangokukhwehlela esimweni esizolile, ubona isitha sikude, enza umsindo wokuhlaba umkhosi omkhulu ofana nokuklwebhana kwengulube, bese ephenduka abe ngusizi ohlukile futhi abaleke emgodini osengozini - ekhala izinyembezi.
Inombolo yenombolo 3: AmaChinchillas awahlukaniswa ngamakhono obuhlakani avelele.
Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ama-chinchillas akuzona izilwane ezihlakaniphe kakhulu, kodwa wonke umuntu okuhlala endlini yakhe isilwane esincane kangaka uzophikisana ngokuzethemba ngesitatimende esifanayo. Impela, ngokobuhlakani lesi silwane sisondela kugundane, okuthi, njengoba wazi, ngesinye sezilwane ezincelisayo ezihlakaniphe kakhulu futhi ezinamandla kakhulu.
Inganekwane # 4: AmaChinchillas Akakahlakazwa
Ungabethembi labo abalwela iqiniso lalesi sitatimende. Njengamakati nezinja, ama-chinchillas molt kabili ngonyaka. Amanye ama-furness angahlala ezingutsheni zakho noma ngabe isilwane besethukile ngenkathi usayibambile. Lokhu kungokwemvelo impela, ngoba cishe noma imiphi imithambo yezilwane enoboya, ibhekana nengcindezi noma ukukhathazeka.
Ungawasebenzisa kanjani ama-fake feed amagquma?
Izimpahla ezingezona uketshezi zingathengiswa ngabasabalalisi abangazethembi abangazakhi izimo zokugcina ukudla kwezilwane, okusho ukuthi umkhiqizo uphanga ngokushesha, bese uwela esitsheni sezintandokazi zakho. Abathengisi nabo bayona ngokuxuba imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi ephelelwe yisikhathi, ngisho nangochungechunge lwesabelomali.
Impendulo enhle 1
Ungazithambisa kanjani izandla ze-chinchilla?
Abazali bami bebelokhu bezala ama-chinchillas isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi, njengoba besho, badinga ukuqeqesha isilwane kusukela ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila.
Thatha ngokushesha akusuleki. Okokuqala, ukuhlaselwa nje, lapho-ke sekukhule kancane, ungakuthatha bese uchithe isikhathi esincane nakho, ukwandisa kancane kancane ukuze i-chinchilla ikujwayele.
Ngokuqondene nabantu abadala - ngeke ngiphendule ngokunganqikazi. Isilwane singakhula ngezimo ezihlukile, futhi kungenzeka sivele sakha ukubukwa komhlaba kanye nomqondo wokuhlobana nabantu, ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Vele, konke kuncike esilwaneni uqobo. Angakujwayela ngokushesha, futhi kwenzeka ukuthi ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa angabi nokuzethemba.
Impendulo enhle 2
Sesha ngesihloko
Okuthunyelwe: 1,145 Imali yokuthunyelwe 46355 RUB (Imininingwane) Ukuthandwa: 1,126 Ukuthandwa kutholiwe: 1,830Ngubani u-whisky futhi yini oyaziyo ngaye?
kokuthunyelwe kuka-606 160%
I-Viskasha isilwane esingesamagundane nomndeni we-chinchilla. AmaViskash ahlukaniswe amathafa, ahlala ikakhulu esigabeni sezwekazi futhi kunama-viskas asezintabeni ahlala emithambekeni yezintaba futhi angatholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme ngamamitha ayi-5. Izwekazi lendawo abahlala kuyo yiNingizimu Melika.
Ama-whiskeys abukeka ethakazelisa impela, ngakolunye uhlangothi abukeka njengonogwaja noma isikwela, ngakolunye kukhona okufana ne-kangaroo. Ama-whiskyys angenalutho ahlukile ezintabeni ngosayizi wawo. Mikhulu impela kunezihlobo zasezintabeni. Ikhanda lesilwane lifana nekhanda likanogwaja, umsila umkhulu futhi u-fluffy ufana nomsila we-squirrel, kepha imilenze ifana kakhulu ne-kangaroo.
Lezi zilwane ziyondla, njengamacici amaningi anembewu, izithelo, utshani, namagatsha. I-Mountain whiskey idla ama-lichen, ama-moss nezimpande zezitshalo. Amagundane ahlala emaqenjini abantu abangafika kwabangu-30, izinduku eziphansi ziyizilwane zasebusuku, kepha izihlobo zasezintabeni ziphila impilo yansuku zonke. Yakha izimbobo zabo emhlabathini bese wephula uhlelo lwezimpande zezitshalo, ngakho-ke abantu bendawo bazisebenzisa njengezinambuzane. Lezi yizilwane ezihlekisayo nezibonakala zingenabungozi emhlabeni wethu.
Okuthunyelwe: 819 Imali yokuthunyelwe 56325 RUB (Imininingwane) Ukuthandwa: 3,101 Ukuthandwa okutholakele: 2,772Kugcine ukuhlelwa nguLubezin ngomhlaka 01/14/2020 ngo-10: 43.
kokuthunyelwe okungu-559 338%
Ngubani whisky?
I-Viskasha isilwane esingesamagundane nomndeni we-chinchilla. AmaViskash ahlukaniswe amathafa, ahlala ikakhulu esigabeni sezwekazi futhi kunama-viskas asezintabeni ahlala emithambekeni yezintaba futhi angatholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme ngamamitha ayi-5. Izwekazi lendawo abahlala kuyo yiNingizimu Melika.
Ama-whiskeys abukeka ethakazelisa impela, ngakolunye uhlangothi abukeka njengonogwaja noma isikwati, ngakolunye uhlangothi kufana ne-kangaroo. Ama-whiskyys angenalutho ahlukile ezintabeni ngosayizi wawo. Mikhulu impela kunezihlobo zasezintabeni. Ikhanda lesilwane lifana nekhanda likanogwaja, umsila umkhulu futhi u-fluffy ufana nomsila we-squirrel, kepha imilenze ifana kakhulu ne-kangaroo.
Lezi zilwane ziyondla, njengamacici amaningi anembewu, izithelo, utshani, namagatsha. I-Mountain whiskey idla ama-lichen, ama-moss nezimpande zezitshalo. Amagundane ahlala emaqenjini abantu abangafika kwabangu-30, izinduku eziphansi ziyizilwane zasebusuku, kepha izihlobo zasezintabeni ziphila impilo yansuku zonke. Yakha izimbobo zabo emhlabathini bese wephula uhlelo lwezimpande zezitshalo, ngakho-ke abantu bendawo bazisebenzisa njengezinambuzane. Lezi yizilwane ezihlekisayo nezibonakala zingenabungozi emhlabeni wethu.
IViskasha iyi-rodin ye-chinchilla ekubonakala kwayo kuyathakazelisa kakhulu futhi yinhle. Ngokushesha ifana ne-kangaroo nonogwaja, kanye nakho konke okukhona emsileni, njenge squirrel.
Isilwane sidla utshani, imbewu, amagatsha amahlathi, izithelo ezahlukahlukene. I-whisky yasezintabeni isasebenzisa izimpande zezitshalo, ama-lichens, ama-moss.
Enye into ehlukanisa iViskasha isikhathi sokuvuka. Ama-whiskyys e-Plain ayasebenza ebusuku, kepha ama-whiskyys asezintabeni ayasebenza phakathi nosuku.
Izilwane zihlala ngamaqembu amakhulu, inani lifinyelela kubantu abangama-30 ngemisele, ene-system eyinkimbinkimbi yokuhamba. Ngenxa yalokho, umuntu ubazingela, ngoba inhlabathi evundile iyabhujiswa.
I-whisky inalo lonke uhlelo lokuvikelwa kwayo: ekungeneni kwemiseleni babeka amaconsi ezinkomo, abathi ngawo bawubeke phansi uqobo lwabo iphunga, badonsa izinyawo zabo phansi ngamandla futhi bakhale kakhulu lapho besengozini.
kokuthunyelwe okungu-1,906 48%
Isilwane sidla utshani, imbewu, amagatsha amahlathi, izithelo ezahlukahlukene. I-whisky yasezintabeni isasebenzisa izimpande zezitshalo, ama-lichens, ama-moss.
Enye into ehlukanisa iViskasha isikhathi sokuvuka. Ama-whiskyys e-Plain ayasebenza ebusuku, kepha ama-whiskyys asezintabeni ayasebenza phakathi nosuku.
Izilwane zihlala ngamaqembu amakhulu, inani lifinyelela kubantu abangama-30 ngemisele, ene-system eyinkimbinkimbi yokuhamba. Ngenxa yalokho, umuntu ubazingela, ngoba inhlabathi evundile iyabhujiswa.
I-whisky inalo lonke uhlelo lokuvikelwa kwayo: ekungeneni kwemiseleni babeka amaconsi ezinkomo, abathi ngawo bawubeke phansi uqobo lwabo iphunga, badonsa izinyawo zabo phansi ngamandla futhi bakhale kakhulu lapho besengozini.
IViscash lesi akusona isilwane esikhulu esivela emndenini we-chinchilla. Lezi zilwane zihlala eNingizimu Melika. Ngaphandle, ziyefana nogwaja, kepha ngokubukeka kwazo ezithokozisayo zibizwa ngokuthi "standard vivacity".
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezilwane.
Bahlala e-Argentina, eBolivia, eChile nasePeru. Ubude bomzimba bungama-32-40 cm, kanti umsila ungama-23-32 cm. Unezindlebe ezinkulu. Ijazi labo likhulu futhi lithambile ngombala onsomi omnyama noma ophuzi. Esiswini, kukhanya.
Zihlala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-900 kuye kwangama-5000, ezindaweni ezinamadwala nezomile ezimpofu emasimini. Kuhlelwe emikholoni kuze kufinyelele kubantu abangama-80. Ukudwetshwa okuhlukahlukene kanye nemisho ehlukahlukene emadwaleni nasezintweni zamatshe isebenza njengekhaya.
Bondla izitshalo ezahlukahlukene - ama-mosses, amakhambi, ama-lichens. Isikhathi sokuphila sifushane kakhulu - iminyaka engama-2-3 kuphela.
I-whisky Plain ihlukile ngokubukeka njengentaba. Uboya obufushane nobuthambile bunombala ohlukile - emuva bumpunga-mpunga, amabala ezinhlangothini amhlophe ngesisu. Kukhona amabala akhanyayo esihlathini nangaphezulu kwamehlo.
Abesilisa, ngokungafani nabesifazane, bakhulu. Isisindo sazo sisukela ku-5 kuye ku-9 kg, ubude bomzimba - 68-82 cm, ubude bomsila - 15-20. Isisindo sabesifazane singama-3.5-5 kg, ubude bomzimba - 53-73 cm, ubude bomsila - cm 13-17.Ithemba lokuphila ekudingisweni yiminyaka engu-9.
Ziphinde zidle kuzo zonke izimila nokuluhlaza.
Okuthunyelwe: 1,145 Imali yokuthunyelwe 46355 RUB (Imininingwane) Ukuthandwa: 1,126 Ukuthandwa kutholiwe: 1,830Kugcine ukuhlelwa yiSoVa32, 01/14/2020 ngo-11: 46.
kokuthunyelwe kuka-606 160%
IViscash lesi akusona isilwane esikhulu esivela emndenini we-chinchilla. Lezi zilwane zihlala eNingizimu Melika. Ngaphandle, ziyefana nogwaja, kepha ngokubukeka kwazo ezithokozisayo zibizwa ngokuthi "standard vivacity".
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezilwane.
Bahlala e-Argentina, eBolivia, eChile nasePeru. Ubude bomzimba bungama-32-40 cm, kanti umsila ungama-23-32 cm. Unezindlebe ezinkulu. Ijazi labo likhulu futhi lithambile ngombala onsomi omnyama noma ophuzi. Esiswini, kukhanya.
Zihlala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-900 kuye kwangama-5000, ezindaweni ezinamadwala nezomile ezimpofu emasimini. Kuhlelwe emikholoni kuze kufinyelele kubantu abangama-80. Ukudwetshwa okuhlukahlukene kanye nemisho ehlukahlukene emadwaleni nasezintweni zamatshe isebenza njengekhaya.
Bondla izitshalo ezahlukahlukene - ama-mosses, amakhambi, ama-lichens. Isikhathi sokuphila sifushane kakhulu - iminyaka engama-2-3 kuphela.
I-whisky Plain ihlukile ngokubukeka njengentaba. Uboya obufushane nobuthambile bunombala ohlukile - emuva bumpunga-mpunga, amabala ezinhlangothini amhlophe ngesisu. Kukhona amabala akhanyayo esihlathini nangaphezulu kwamehlo.
Abesilisa, ngokungafani nabesifazane, bakhulu. Isisindo sazo sisukela ku-5 kuye ku-9 kg, ubude bomzimba - 68-82 cm, ubude bomsila - 15-20. Isisindo sabesifazane singama-3.5-5 kg, ubude bomzimba - 53-73 cm, ubude bomsila - cm 13-17.Ithemba lokuphila ekudingisweni yiminyaka engu-9.
Ziphinde zidle kuzo zonke izimila nokuluhlaza.
Okuthunyelwe: 239 Imali yokuthunyelwe 6152 RUB (Imininingwane) Ukuthandwa: 534 Ukuthandwa kutholiwe: 323IViscash isinyamazane esiqhamuka emndenini we-chinchilla wamagundane. Inomzimba omkhulu ngokuqina, imilenze eqinile ngokuqinile, inezinqe emilenzeni yayo yangasemuva yokumba phansi. Umzimba unobude obungama-65 cm, umsila ufinyelela ku-20 cm ubude. UViskasha uhlala ikakhulu kuma-savannah enkabeni yeSouth America. Isilwane uqobo sinezimpunga ezimnyama ngaphezulu noboya obumhlophe ngezansi. Ebusweni kunemivimbo emnyama nomhlophe edlula ngamehlo asuka ekhaleni. Umsila we-whisky unesimo esihle esifana nomaki wombuzo. Isilwane sincika emsileni waso ngenkathi sihleli emilenzeni yaso yangasemuva futhi sihlola izindawo eziseduze. Phambilini, isibalo salesi silo sasisikhulu kakhulu, kepha ngenxa yokulimala nezinkinga ezasidala kubahlali bendawo (abalimi, abelusi), leli phunga laqothulwa ezindaweni eziningi ezazihlala kulo. Imvamisa lesi silwane siyasebenza kusihlwa nasebusuku futhi, ngokuthokozisayo, sithanda ukuqoqa sibeke izinto ezahlukahlukene ezicwebezelayo eduze komgodi waso, kanye namagatsha owomile nezimpaphe zezinyoni. I-Whisky inezwi elithandekayo.Ngenkathi edla, angenza imisindo njengokugiga, futhi lapho ebona ingozi, aqale ukukhwaza kakhulu.
kokuthunyelwe okungu-137 135%
IViscash isinyamazane esiqhamuka emndenini we-chinchilla wamagundane. Inomzimba omkhulu ngokuqina, imilenze eqinile ngokuqinile, inezinqe emilenzeni yayo yangasemuva yokumba phansi. Umzimba unobude obungama-65 cm, umsila ufinyelela ku-20 cm ubude. UViskasha uhlala ikakhulu kuma-savannah enkabeni yeSouth America. Isilwane uqobo sinezimpunga ezimnyama ngaphezulu noboya obumhlophe ngezansi. Ebusweni kunemivimbo emnyama nomhlophe edlula ngamehlo asuka ekhaleni. Umsila we-whisky unesimo esihle esifana nomaki wombuzo. Isilwane sincika emsileni waso ngenkathi sihleli emilenzeni yaso yangasemuva futhi sihlola izindawo eziseduze. Phambilini, isibalo salesi silo sasisikhulu kakhulu, kepha ngenxa yokulimala nezinkinga ezasidala kubahlali bendawo (abalimi, abelusi), leli phunga laqothulwa ezindaweni eziningi ezazihlala kulo. Imvamisa lesi silwane siyasebenza kusihlwa nasebusuku futhi, ngokuthokozisayo, sithanda ukuqoqa sibeke izinto ezahlukahlukene ezicwebezelayo eduze komgodi waso, kanye namagatsha owomile nezimpaphe zezinyoni. I-Whisky inezwi elithandekayo. Ngenkathi edla, angenza imisindo njengokugiga, futhi lapho ebona ingozi, aqale ukukhwaza kakhulu.
ENingizimu Melika, izilwane zokuqala zihlala - uViskasha, ongowomndeni wamaChinchilla. Ngasikhathi sinye, bafana nonogwaja, squirrel ne-kangaroo.
Ukubukeka
Kukhona ama-whiskeys asentabeni namathafa. Ziyahlukahluka ngosayizi kuphela: ubude bomzimba wabakhileyo bokuqala bungaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-40, kanti okucacile kunezikhathi ezi-2 ubude. Umsila ofana ne-squirrel: ende futhi i-fluffy, ikhanda nezindlebe kufana nonogwaja. Imilenze yangaphambili imfushane kanti imilenze yangemuva yinde, njenge-kangaroo. Uboya bufushane futhi bukhulu.
Umsoco nokuziphatha kahle
Ama-whiskeys adla amakhambi, izimpande ze-juicy, amagatsha, amahlamvu, ama-moss, ama-lichens. Izilwane zasezintabeni zisebenza kakhulu phakathi nosuku, kanti nezilwane ezifuywayo ebusuku. Bahlala emiseleni, bahlala emindenini yabantu abangaphezu kuka-30. Izindlu ezingaphansi komhlaba zinamagatsha amaningi. Kwesinye isikhathi indawo yabo ephelele ingahlala cishe amamitha ayi-600. Ngenxa yalokhu, bebengathandwa yizakhamizi zakule ndawo, ngoba bacekela phansi isivuno ngokuhlehlisa kwabo.
Imilenze yangendlu isindisa engozini, ngenxa yokuthi ijubane lazo lifinyelela kumakhilomitha angama-40, nomsila omude. Babashaye emhlabathini ngenkathi bememeza kakhulu.
Inani lezilwane belincipha muva nje futhi ikakhulukazi ngenxa yamaphutha abantu.
kokuthunyelwe okungu-1,045 91%
ENingizimu Melika, izilwane zokuqala zihlala - uViskasha, ongowomndeni wamaChinchilla. Ngasikhathi sinye, bafana nonogwaja, squirrel ne-kangaroo.
Ukubukeka
Kukhona ama-whiskeys asentabeni namathafa. Ziyahlukahluka ngosayizi kuphela: ubude bomzimba wabakhileyo bokuqala bungaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-40, kanti okucacile kunezikhathi ezi-2 ubude. Umsila ofana ne-squirrel: ende futhi i-fluffy, ikhanda nezindlebe kufana nonogwaja. Imilenze yangaphambili imfushane kanti imilenze yangemuva yinde, njenge-kangaroo. Uboya bufushane futhi bukhulu.
Umsoco nokuziphatha kahle
Ama-whiskeys adla amakhambi, izimpande ze-juicy, amagatsha, amahlamvu, ama-moss, ama-lichens. Izilwane zasezintabeni zisebenza kakhulu phakathi nosuku, kanti nezilwane ezifuywayo ebusuku. Bahlala emiseleni, bahlala emindenini yabantu abangaphezu kuka-30. Izindlu ezingaphansi komhlaba zinamagatsha amaningi. Kwesinye isikhathi indawo yabo ephelele ingahlala cishe amamitha ayi-600. Ngenxa yalokhu, bebengathandwa yizakhamizi zakule ndawo, ngoba bacekela phansi isivuno ngokuhlehlisa kwabo.
Imilenze yangendlu isindisa engozini, ngenxa yokuthi ijubane lazo lifinyelela kumakhilomitha angama-40, nomsila omude. Babashaye emhlabathini ngenkathi bememeza kakhulu.
Inani lezilwane belincipha muva nje futhi ikakhulukazi ngenxa yamaphutha abantu.
Kuphakeme kangakanani ubuhlakani bamakati?
Engqondweni yamakati, ososayensi babala ama-neurons ayizigidi ezingama-250. Lokhu kucishe kube kabili uma kuqhathaniswa nezinja, ezinama-neurons acishe abe yizigidi ezingama-530 ku-cortex yamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, kukhona inguqulo yokuthi izinja zichazwe ngokomqondo ekucindezelweni kwengqondo okuyinkimbinkimbi ukwedlula amakati. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuwukuzikhohlisa kuphela - hhayi iqiniso lokuthi inani lama-neurons lihlangana nobuhlakani.
Ukuqondisisa kwamakati kunzima ukutadisha.
Amakati afisa ukwazi kakhulu. Lokhu iqiniso. Kepha lezi zilwane zinhlanhlatha impela: ikati lingaqonda kahle ukuthi umniniyo ufunani kuye, nokuphindaphinda imisebenzi kuyamcasula.
Amakati anobuhlakani obukhuliswe kakhulu be-sensorimotor. Ngenkathi usezinjeni nasebantwini, ukuhlula komphakathi.
Impendulo enhle 6
Yini i-aminophylline?
Eufillin (into esebenzayo - i-Aminophylline) isisebenzeli se-bronchodilating (dilates the bronchi). Imiphumela emqoka yalesi sidakamizwa - ivuselela izicubu ze-bronchi, ivuselela ukwakheka kwe-diaphragm, ithuthukise ukusebenza kwemisipha yokuphefumula neyangaphakathi, ivuselela isikhungo sokuphefumula, ibuye yenze umsebenzi wokuphefumula, isize ukugcwala igazi ne-oksijini futhi inciphise ukugcwala kwekhabhoni, ibe nomphumela ovuselelayo emsebenzini wenhliziyo, inyusa amandla nenani lokuqina , kunciphisa ithoni yemithambo yegazi, kunciphisa ingcindezi kusiyingi "esincane" sokujikeleza kwegazi, kwandisa ukuphuma kwegazi le-renal nabanye abaningana.
Ngokusho kwemiyalo, izinkomba zokuthatha lo muthi yilezi: I-Bronchial obstriers syndrome yanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinhlobo zesifo somoya (umuthi wokukhetha ezigulini ezine-asthma ngokomzimba kanye nekhambi elengeziwe kwezinye izinhlobo), izifo ezingama-pulmonary immune, i-emphysema, i-bronchitis engapheli, i-pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary "inhliziyo, ebusuku i-apnea.
Lesi sidakamizwa sinqunywa ngudokotela ohlolweni lwangaphakathi ngokuqinile njengokusho kwezimpawu.
Impendulo enhle 2 6
Ngabe uzizwa kanjani ngokusatshalaliswa kwezilwane ezifuywayo?
U-Anonymus akawuthandi umqondo wokuhanjiswa kwesilwane esifuywayo. Kepha manje "umuntu uyisilinganiso sezinto zonke." Uma okuthile kubi kumuntu, sizama ukukususa. Futhi okusheshayo, okulula futhi okusebenzayo - okungcono. Ngabe umngani wakho omncane we-furry uqale wakhombisa umlingiswa wakhe imvelo imvelo yakhe ngendlela ekhethekile? Kepha wawungakulungele lokhu futhi ungenamandla ngaphambi kwenselele enjalo? Yebo, vele unqume amabhola akhe! Lokhu bakwenza nabangane lapho kuvela izinkinga nabo. Woza, ikati lakho ngeke lilahlekelwe yingxenye yomzimba wakhe obalulekile ngenxa yempi noma ingozi eyenzeka - uzomsiza ngalokhu. Lokhu akukubi, kusobala. Izinhloso zilungile ngokukhethekile. Awufuni ukulahlekelwa yizindawo ezinhle nezilusizo zalesi sidalwa, kodwa ukulamba ngezingathandeki futhi. Sishintsha umhlaba ngezidingo zethu, ngoba singakwazi, siyakwazi.
Wavusa ikati lakhe kusukela azalwa, noma kunalokho, akazange aphazamise ukukhula kwakhe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, wakwenza kwacaca ukuthi yini futhi lapho okungafanele ukwenze. Ikhule ubuntu obuhle obugcwele ngokuphelele. Wayemnaka futhi enothando kuye, futhi manje Akunankinga - ukuqonda nje. Kepha akubona bonke abantu abanesikhathi salokhu namathuba - kulula ukushintsha umklamo wekati kudokotela.