Ukwenza umsebenzi wokulungisa, wokufaka noma wokwakha ezindaweni eziphakeme kubangela ubunzima obuthile, ngoba kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa izimo zokusebenza eziphephile. Lapho wenza izinqubo endaweni ephakeme edlula ukuphakama komuntu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ukuskena nokugoqa uthango, noma izitebhisi / izinyathelo.

I-Scaffolding yenziwa ngokuya ngephrojekthi, evunywa ngunjiniyela omkhulu wenhlangano yokwakha noma yokulungisa. Izinga lomthwalo elivumelekile kulayini wehlathi linqunywa ngesisekelo sokubalwa. Ukufaka, ukuvivinya ama-scaffolds, kanye nokukhipha isikhafu kufanele kubhekwe ngokucophelela, ngoba ukulandela izindlela zokuphepha kuncike ngqo kulokhu. Imiklamo enjalo yemukelwa ngesenzo, futhi ngesikhathi sokusebenza, isimo sabo nesimo sihlolwa nsuku zonke.

Izici zokuqamba nezinhlobonhlobo

Ake sibuke kabanzi imininingwane yezici zokusetshenziswa komsebenzi endaweni ephakeme yamahlathi nezihlakala. Ake siqale ngokwakha:

• Amahlathi ayisakhiwo esinezakhi eziningana. Ngosizo lwabo, ungahlela imisebenzi emazingeni ahlukahlukene.
• I-Scaffolding yenziwa ngesakhiwo sezakhiwo ezine-tier eyodwa. Zibalulekile uma kudingeka ukwenza umsebenzi odinga ukuhambisa imisebenzi ngaphambili.

Imiklamo yalolu hlobo yenziwa ngokuya ngemiklamo ejwayelekile, izidingo zazo zikhonjiswe ngamazinga we-GOST 27321-87, kanye ne-GOST 24258-88.

I-Scaffolding ithathwa njengethuluzi lobuchwepheshe elisizayo elisetshenziswa ngesikhathi somsebenzi ezindaweni eziphakemeyo ezakhiweni. Benza lula kakhulu inqubo yokubumba, ukugoba, ukubeka, njll. Ngokuya ngezinhloso nangokwakheka, zingaba:

• Ukuguqulwa kokuguqulwa kwe-inventory. Kusetshenziselwa kakhulu umsebenzi ezindaweni ezivalekile. Azisongeli noma ziveze, ngokubukeka zibukeka njengethebula eliseceleni kombhede noma isitebhisi. Ngokwesiko kwenziwa ngensimbi noma nge-aluminium.
• I-Universal batch. Banesimo sokusekela esingunxande. Isici esihlukile yikhono lokulungisa isakhiwo ngesilinganiso esifunayo.
• Iphaneli. Thatha amandla akhulayo wokulayisha. Ifakwe ngokusekelwa kwepaneli okuhambisa.
• Iselula iyahluleka. Zikhona emhlabeni wonke, njengoba zingasetshenziselwa umsebenzi wokwakha ngaphakathi nangaphandle nokulungisa. Bahlukaniswa isisindo esiphansi. Imvamisa yenziwa nge-aluminium, ifakwe amasondo akhethekile okuhamba kalula. Uma kunesidingo, zingahlanganiswa futhi zihlukaniswe, zilungiswe endaweni ethile ephakeme. Ezimweni eziningi, kufanelekile ukuzisebenzisa njengezinyathelo zokugcina.

Njengokugoqa, ukuskena okusetshenziswa emsebenzini ongaphandle kwezinhlobo eziningana:

• Tubular. Ihlukaniswe ngama-bolt nama-bolt mahhala. Inqubo yomhlangano iyinkimbinkimbi impela: kwakheka imigqa emibili yokuqala yama-rack, ngemuva kokuthi ishubhu ifakwe ezicathulweni. Esigabeni esilandelayo, izinqa zesiphambano zinamathiselwe, emikhawulweni yazo kunezinduku ezimboziwe. Ngemuva - umgwaqo webhodi ubekwa bese kudalwa uthango. Izakhiwo ezinjalo zingahlanganiswa kusetshenziswa ama-clamp kanye namajoyinti a-bolted. Umhlangano wamahlathi wanoma iyiphi inkimbinkimbi nokulungiswa kungenzeka.
• Idalwe kusuka ezintweni ze-volumetric. Zilethwa ngendlela yokuhlukaniswa, okulungele ngokuphelele amayunithi wokusebenza. Ekubunjweni kwalowo nalowo kubo kunamaphaneli aqondile aqonde kusisekelo se-tower crane. Elula uma udinga ukwenza uhlobo olufanayo lomsebenzi ukuphakama okufanayo.

Amahlathi emvula

Indawo ekhethekile ekuphilayo kwemvelo yeplanethi inehlathi elishisayo. Ngeshwa, ukugawulwa kwezihlahla okunzima njengamanje kwenzeka eLatin America, e-Asia nase-Afrika. Isibonelo, eMadagascar isivele ichithe ama-90% ehlathi. E-Equatorial Africa, indawo yamahlathi iye yancipha, uma uyiqhathanisa nezinkomba zesikhathi sangaphambi kobukoloni. ENingizimu Melika, ngaphezu kwama-40% amahlathi emvula agawulwa. Le nkinga akufanele ixazululwe hhayi endaweni kuphela, kodwa futhi nasemhlabeni jikelele, ngoba ukubhujiswa kwehlathi kuzoholela enhlekeleleni yemvelo kuyo yonke iplanethi. Uma ukugawulwa kwamahlathi emvula kungavumi, ama-80% ezilwane ezihlala lapho azokufa.

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Izindawo zokuxhashazwa kwamahlathi

Amahlathi weplanethi agawulwa ngenkuthalo, ngoba izinkuni zibalulekile futhi zisetshenziselwa izinhloso ezahlukahlukene:

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• ekwakhiweni kwezindlu,
• embonini yefenisha,
• ekwenzeni abokulala, izinqola, amabhuloho,
• ekwakheni umkhumbi,
• embonini yamakhemikhali,
• ngokwenza iphepha,
• embonini yamafutha,
• ukwenza izinto zasendlini, izinsimbi zomculo, amathoyizi.

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Ukuxazulula inkinga yokuxhashazwa kwamahlathi

Umuntu ngeke ayinakekele inkinga yokuxhashazwa kwamahlathi, ngoba ikusasa lomhlaba wethu lincike ekusebenzeni kwalesi simiso semvelo. Ukunciphisa ukuwa, kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinkuni. Okokuqala, kungenzeka ukuthi uqoqe futhi uthathe imfucuza iphepha, ushintshe kusuka ephepheni uye kulwazi lwe-elekthronikhi. Osomabhizinisi bangathuthukisa insimu yomsebenzi onjengamapulazi amahlathi, lapho izinhlobo zezitshalo ezibalulekile zizotshalwa khona. Ezingeni likahulumeni, kungenzeka ukuthi kwandiswe inhlawulo yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi okungagunyaziwe futhi kwandise imisebenzi ekuthenelweni kwamanye amapulangwe. Lapho isidingo sokhuni sincipha, lapho-ke ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kungenzeka kunciphe.

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