IMadagascar ibambe isifuba esifubeni , noma angonoka (lat. Asterochelys yniphora) - uhlobo lwefudu lomhlaba. I-Endemic of Madagascar, okuyinyama engandile. IECN Rare Species Commission imemezele ukuthi ingesinye sezilwane “ezisengozini” kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

Ukubukeka

Isifudumezi esikhulu esinegobolondo elingafika ku-45 cm (abantu abafinyelela kuhafu wemitha ubude) bayaziwa). I-carapace isezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu, okukhona kuyo kuvela ku-plastiki (“uqhwaku”), okusiza ukuhamba ethafeni futhi kusetshenziswe abesilisa njengezikhali zokulwa komqhudelwano ngesikhathi sokuzalela. Umbala awubonakali njengoweselamani - ufudu olukhazimulayo, kodwa futhi uyamangalisa: iphethini enjenge-smoky-aphuzi njengenkanyezi icacile uma isemuva kombala onsundu.

Incazelo

Ubude be-carapace bufika ku-44.6-45 cm, isisindo sefudu singama-10-15 kg. I-carapace iphakeme kakhulu ngeplastron ebukhali ekhomba phambili, esiza ekuhambeni ngamathanga aminyene. I-carapace iyinsundu ethambile nephethini le-star-like ecwathile. Abasha bahlukaniswa ngombala ogqamile, ubukhona bemisebe eveza buthaka emthambekeni wekhaphethi nasesifubeni se-chestnut yemikhawulo. Abesilisa bakhulu kunabesifazane. Isici esahlukile ukubakhona kwabantu abadala besilisa bohlobo lwe "beak", noma i-keel, "ekhula" kusuka ezivikelweni zomphimbo eziseplastron. Lokhu kwakhiwa kudlala indima enkulu enqubekweni yokusakazwa kwezinhlobo.

Ukusatshalaliswa kanye nendawo yokuhlala

Kulezi zinsuku, kutholakala kuphela endaweni encane endaweni yeBali Bay enyakatho-ntshonalanga yesiqhingi. Izinombolo ziphansi kakhulu. Ubuningi obukhulu bemvelo abuphakeme kunabantu aba-5 ngekhilomitha elilodwa lesikwele. Isamba sabantu abasendaweni eyi-100 km² silinganiselwa kubantu abangama-250 ukuya kuma-200 kuphela. Cishe abantu abangama-50 bagcinwe ekudingisweni.

Ikhetha izihlahlana ezomile, izindawo ezinamahlathi acwengekile ezitholakala elangeni, kanye nama-savannahs anthropogenic.

Habitat

Ugu lweBali Bay enyakatho-nentshonalanga yeMadagascar luyi-1280 km. Ukuphila ngasogwini loqalo futhi kuqine okwomile. Kuhlala iziqhingi zezihlahla ezomile, ihlathi elinwetshiwe litholakala elangeni, kanye nama-savannahs anthropogenic. Indawo enomswakama nenomswakama eshisayo.

Amacembe amasha kanye notshani obuluhlaza.

Ukuzala

Ukuthomba kwenzeka ngokwemvelo eneminyaka engama-20, kuthunjiwe eneminyaka eyi-12. Isikhathi sokuzala siqala ngo-Okthoba kuya kuFebhuwari, sifinyelela inani eliphakeme ngoNovemba-Disemba. Isandulela sokuzala kabusha yimincintiswano (ukulwa) phakathi kwabesilisa. Abesilisa bayaphenduka futhi bazame ukuqothula isitha ngokukhula kwabo ku-plastiki (ampondo). Owesilisa, owaphendulile ophikisana naye, uya kowesifazane, bese elahlekile eguquka futhi aqhubeke efuna injabulo.

Izinsikazi zibekela amaqanda ama-2-6 amhlophe qheke angamasentimitha angama-47- 47mm kanye nesisindo esingama-40,5-50 g. Ngesizini, kungaba khona imichilo efinyelela kwayi-7. Amaqanda abekwa ezincindezelweni ezingcwatshwe enhlabathini kuze kube ngu-11 cm. Ukuzalela ekudingisweni sekuklanywe kahle. Isikhathi sokufuduka sisukela ezinsukwini ezingama-168 kuya kwezingama-296, kuya ngeqondo lokushisa lokufakwa ngaphakathi.

ITerrarium

Ufudu aluvamile ukugcinwa ekudingisweni ngenxa yokutholwa kwalo. Ama-zoo agcinwe endaweni ebanzi ebiyelwe nge-shading eseceleni, kanye nasendlini lapho kuklwebethelwa okofudu ubusuku bonke.

Ama-turtles achitha isikhathi esiningi elangeni. Ububanzi be-UVI kubo buyi-1.0-2.6 average, 2.9-7.4 maximum (3rd Ferguson zone). Amahora wemini ehlobo - amahora ayi-12, ebusika - amahora ayi-12. Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa lesikhathi sasemini liyi-28-32 C lokushisa ngaphansi kwesibani (endaweni yokushisa) ye-35-45 C, kanti izinga lokushisa lobusuku lingama-24-28 C. Ebusika, ngo-24- 26 C.

Ngokwengeziwe

Kusukela ngoMeyi kuze kube ngu-Okthoba, kuqala isikhathi esomile. Ngalesi sikhathi, umsebenzi wamafudu wehla kakhulu. I-Angonoka ayimbeki phansi imbobo emhlabathini, kepha ifuna isiphephelo emahlathini aminyene wezihlahla.

Izizathu zokuthi kungani le nhlobo iseduze kokuqothulwa: "Babedla kuqala. Hhayi-ke iMalgash, leyo ma-Angonok enesilwane esingcwele, ayigcina emapulazini njengesihla esiphundu ezifweni zezinkomo nezinkukhu. AmaFudu adla futhi athatha" njengokudla okusemathinini "okufike lapha kwi-XVIII Ama-Arabhu asekhula. Futhi ngokukhula kwesibalo sabantu eBali Bay, izingulube zaba yisitha esiyingozi kunazo zonke. Ingulube ezindaweni ezishisayo iyisidalwa empeleni esiyinxenye yasendle (futhi lezo zasendle zalethwa eMadagascar!), inhlekelele yangempela yemvelo, noma umakhi noma uFry ngeke asindiswe kuyo. Iminyaka engama-80m yenani le-XX le-angonoku "elinyiwe" kusuka kulo lonke uhla lwangempela , ebeseyincane, "ekubhukeni" okuyedwa - kepha noma kunjalo isibalo siyehla ngokushesha, ngoba naso sithathwa ngaphakathi. Ngaphandle kwezindlela eziqinile zokulawula amasiko, imigomo yangempela kanye namajele aseMadagascar abesabekayo - ziyahanjiswa, ikakhulukazi amaChinese kanye nezinye izangoma Imakethe yezilwane yaseNingizimu Asia. " Njengengxenye yokutakula amafudu, azinza ehlathini lase-Ampizuoroa, lapho izimfudu zihlala khona ngempumelelo futhi zizalela khona.

IMadagascar Radiant Tortoise

Abamele lolu hlobo ngobude bafika uhhafu wemitha. Banombala omangalisayo. I-carapace i-convex eqinile, imnyama enemisebe ephuzi egqamile etholakala esivikelweni ngasinye. Ubude bomzimba bufika kumasentimitha angama-38, nesisindo - ama-13 kilos.

Ama-turadi ama-radiada ayabanjwa ngoba anenyama emnandi. Lolu hlobo lunesigaba "sosengozini". Bahlala emahlathini e-xerophytic, lapho kukhula izihlahla ezinjenge-cactus. Ama-turtles adla izithelo zezimila ezahlukahlukene, kepha unganqabi ukudla okuphilayo.

Ama-turtles ama-radiada abeka amaqanda awo ngo-Septhemba. Owesifazane oyedwa angaba namaqanda afinyelela kwayi-12. Ekuthunjweni, i-clutch ikakhulukazi iqukethe amaqanda ama-3-6.

Ububanzi babo buyi-36-42 mm. Insikazi yenza umgodi ongamasentimitha angama-20 ukujula bese izalela amaqanda kuyo.

Ama-turadi angama-radiation ajwayelekile kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezisentshonalanga naseningizimu yesiqhingi.

Ngo-1974, izimfudu ezazikhazimula zaziziningi ezindaweni ezingenakudlula ezintabeni zaseKarimbolo naseMahawavi. Inani labo namuhla lehlile kakhulu entshonalanga nasempumalanga yebanga, okubangelwa ukudoba kakhulu. Kusukela ngekhulu le-18 kuya kwele-19 leminyaka, la mafudu athunjwa ngobuningi bawo futhi athunyelwa eziqhingini zaseMascaren, lapho adliwa khona.

Futhi, izikhumbuzo zenziwa ngamagobolondo abo. Njengamanje, sekubuswelwe ukulawula ukubanjwa kwezimfudu ezigqamile zaseMadagascar, ngakho-ke ukuxhashazwa kwazo kwezohwebo kunciphile.

Namuhla bavikelekile esiqhingini ngumthetho okhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esinye sabantu sihlala endaweni evikelweyo ye-Tsimanam-Petsosa Lakevelo reservation. Kepha, noma kunjalo, zisakhonzwa ngokungemthetho kwezinye izindawo zokudlela, futhi ezimakethe zaseTananarive naseTuliar ungathola amagobolondo azo.

Ngenxa yesimo esivikela imfudu egqamile, bayeka ukubamba ngenhloso yokushushumbisa inyama namagobolondo amahle.

Ezilwaneni eziningi zomhlaba, izimfudu ezigqamile zaseMadagascar ziyafuzwa ngempumelelo. Isipiliyoni esihle ngokuzalaniswa kwabo siyatholakala ezindaweni zokugcina izilwane zaseMauritius, eCairo, eZurich naseSydney. Ukuze ulondoloze ukubukwa, kuyadingeka ukuhlela isethi yezindlela zokuvikela amafudu, azogcinwa ezindaweni zawo.