Anguis fragilis Onomusa, 1758

Incwadi ebomvu yesiFunda saseSaratov
inani labantu liyalulama

Isigaxa ezintekenteke
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi
Kingdom:
Igama lesayensi yamazwe omhlaba

Isigaxa ezintekenteke, noma tinker (Lat. Anguis fragilis) - isibungu esivela emndenini we-spindle (lat. Anguidae) Lesi ukuphela kwesibungu esingenamlenze esihlala esifundeni Saratov.

Incazelo

A esikhulu legless isibankwa enomzimba oyinyoka, nge Ubude 30-40 cm kanye nomsila ziyaqothuka okukhulu. Amajwabu amehlo ahlukene futhi ahamba nendlwana. Umfundi uyindilinga. Isikali umzimba iyashelela, ngaphandle izimbambo, elise 23-30 imigqa longitudinal. Umbala womzimba ngaphezulu kwama-spindle amancane wombala wesikhilimu-omhlophe noma onsundu ngemivimbo emibili emnyama evela endaweni engaphezulu kanxantathu etholakala ngemuva kwekhanda. Izinhlangothi nesisu kunombala onsundu noma omnyama, futhi umngcele ophakathi kwezingxenye ezikhanyayo nezimnyama ezingemuva komzimba kuthiwa mkhulu kakhulu. Njengoba isibankwa ikhula, ohlangothini amaphiko komzimba kancane kancane mnyama futhi eqala umbala sinombala onsundu ngokuphaphathekile noma amnyama omnqumo isici zethusi tint. Boka nesisu, kunalokho, kukhanya. Abesilisa abadala bavame ukuba ngama-monochromatic, kube namabala amnyama aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma amabala ansundu emhlane, ikakhulukazi okukhulunywa ngawo engxenyeni yesithathu yangaphandle.

Ngokusho idatha yesimanje, kwezinhlobo imelelwa zenyathi ezimbili: A. f. fragilis futhi A. f. colchicus. Ensimini yesifunda seSaratov kuhlala izimpilo A. f. colchicus.

Ukubhebhetheka

Kusakazwa kabanzi eSouth, Central kanye naseMpumalanga Yurophu, e-Asia Minor, eTranscaucasia nase-Iran. Ensimini ka Russia butholakala hlathi ehlathini-asemaqeleni esishintshashintshayo kusukela emngceleni entshonalanga kuya esigodini kwesokunxele-loMfula Tobol e Western eSiberia empumalanga. Ukusatshalaliswa esifundeni seSaratov kuhlotshaniswa namahlathi akhuphukayo nezikhukhula cishe kuyo yonke iSaratov Right Bank (kufaka phakathi isifunda saseRtishchevsky).

Imikhuba yendlela yokuphila

Cishe ihlala emahlathini exubile kanye lezihlahla, ukhetha maple oki, amahlathi zikaphayini, alders, lapho ngokuvamile itholakala ezivulekile, ezivulekile, ezivulekile ububanzi, zibe seduze kwemigwaqo. Isindilinga esintekenteke ukuphela kwezinhlobo zamazibuthe ale ndawo anomsebenzi wasebusuku kusihlwa, okuholela ekuziphatheni okucashile. Emini, izingwekazi zihlala emfucumfucwini osehlathini, ngaphansi kwesiqu somuthi, izinqwaba zokhuni, ezigxotsheni ezibolile, emiseleni yamacici amancane, okushiya kuphela esimweni sezulu esinamafu nesifudumele. ukunyakaza kwabo blue Nokho kakhulu kancane, belibangise phakathi kwezimila noma phakathi kwamatshe they nyakazo ngokushesha impela, snaking njengomuntu oyinyoka umzimba wonke. Ama-spindle molts amahlandla amaningi phakathi nonyaka, eshiya ngemuva ukunwabana okufana nezinyoka. Isigaqa esivele singabanjwa singakwazi, njengezinye izibankwakazi zezilwane zesifunda, sikhiphe umsila waso, yingakho igama laso elithile - isi brittle.

Entwasahlobo, zivela Maphakathi no-April - May at i lokushisa uzibona + 12 ° C nangaphezulu. Isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala ngemuva nje kokuba izilwane ziphume ezindlini zokugcina ebusika, imvamisa maphakathi noMeyi - Juni. Ngesikhathi sokuphola, owesilisa ubamba insikazi ngemihlathi entanyeni, imvamisa ngemuva kokulunywa yilokho. Yonke inqubo (usathandana + copulation) ngokuvamile Kuthatha cishe usuku. Isikhova siyi-ovoviviparous. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga ezintathu. Ukubukeka 6-16, okuyisilinganiso sabangu-11 abantu abasha obuphelele umzimba 44.0-57.5 kanye nomsila 38.4-54.0 mm, kwaphawuleka ekuqaleni kuka-August futhi engxenyeni yokuqala ka-September.

Imvamisa baphuma baye ebusika ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, kepha-ke, ngezinsuku ezinelanga, abantu ngabodwana nabo bangatholakala ngo-Okthoba. Izihlahla ziyavunguza kakhulu emiseleni enama-rent, futhi kwesinye isikhathi abantu abaningana abaningana bahlangana. Zidla on nemisundu eminingi, mollusk eliwumhlaba, isinambuzane izibungu, millipedes nezinye izilwane ezihamba kancane. Ukuvuthwa kwenzeka ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila. Isilinganiso sokuphila esidumile se-spindle yiminyaka engama-50, isilinganiso sisingu-20-30.

Linganisa izici nesimo

I-Spindle-umuthi, naphezu kwendlela yayo yokuzifihla, imvamisa iba yisisulu sezilwane ezihuquzelayo (abakopishi abajwayelekile), izinyoni (isikhova esimpunga, umantshi, i-grey crow, i-jay, ibhungane elivamile, isidlo senyoka, njll.) Kanye nezilwane ezincelisayo (impungushe ejwayelekile, umarten).

Izinhlobo ziluhlwini lweNcwadi ebomvu yesifunda seSaratov. isimo Ukuvikelwa: 5 - kohlobo abuyiselwe kabani isimo ngenxa yemvelo labantu Amathrendi kungaqali imbangela ukukhathazeka, kodwa bakhona idinga ukuqapha njalo. Emahlathini abanzi anamaqabunga amaningi anesihlahla se-oak esifundeni sezikhukhula soMfula iKhopyor ezifundeni ze-Arkadak naseBalashovsky, inani labantu entwasahlobo yango-1992 nango-1994 lalingu-0.8 nama-1.4 abantu / ha, ngokulandelana. Ezindaweni ezifanayo ezibalulekile entwasahlobo yonyaka we-1997, kwaqalwa isilinganiso sabantu abayi-1,2 / 2 km. izinkomba quantitative kwezinhlobo kukhona okuzinzile. Isici esinqunyelwe kakhulu ukubhujiswa kwezindawo zokuhlala ngenxa yemisebenzi yamahlathi nokucindezela ngokweqile kokuzijabulisa, ukubhujiswa okuqondile kwabantu.

Ukubukwa kufakwe ku-Appendix III kwi-Berne Convention.