Impungushe iyisilwane esincane esincanyana kune-mongrel ejwayelekile. Ngokubukeka okujwayelekile, ufana kakhulu nembisi encishiswe kakhulu. Ubude bomzimba wejamu elijwayelekile ngaphandle komsila lifinyelela ku-80 cm, futhi ukuphakama emahlombe kweqi i-50 cm, kaningi ku-42-45. Inesisindo esingu-7 kg kg, kuyaqabukela ngaphezulu. Impungushe imbala futhi ilula kakhulu kunempisi, imilenze yayo iphakeme kakhulu, futhi isigaxa sibukhali, yize simfushane kunaleso impungushe. Umsila uvukile futhi ubukeka umkhulu kakhulu, uhlala uphansi, njengempisi. Izinwele emzimbeni zimfushane, ziqinile futhi ziwugqinsi. Ezibuneni, iminwe emi-5, emilenzeni yangemuva - 4, izingwegwe ziyakhanya. Amazinyo angama-42, njengabo bonke abameleli bohlobo Canis.

Umbala ojwayelekile we-jackal uvame ukuba mpunga ngokuthinta ophuzi, obomvu, nobomvu. Emhlane nasezinhlangothini, umbala uphenduka ube mnyama, kanti esiswini nasemphinjeni uphuzi okukhanyayo. Isiphelo somsila simnyama. Umbala we-jackal, nokho, uhlukahluka ngokuya ngesifunda sendawo. Uhlobo lwasehlobo ngokuvamile mfushane futhi ngandlela thile kunobusika futhi bunombala obomvu, onobunzima obumnyama.

Ukusatshalaliswa nezindawo zokuhlala

UJackal uyisilo esivamile eSouth Asia. Isatshalaliswa kulo lonke elaseNdiya nasezifundeni ezisentshonalanga yalo - e-Eduze naseMiddle East, eCentral nase-Asia Minor. UJackal uhlala kulo lonke i-Afrika enyakatho yeSahara. EYurophu, itholakala eGrisi kanye naseBalkan, eCaucasus, eDagestan cishe sonke isifunda saseBlack Sea, yize indawo ekulesi sifunda idabuke kakhulu.

Kuwo wonke amabanga, impungushe ikhetha izindawo ezikhuliswe kakhulu ngezihlahla, imibhede yomhlanga eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi. Ikhuphukela ezintabeni ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1000, kepha imvamisa ayivamile emaphethelweni ezinyawo. Ukuba khona kwama-reservoirs for the jackal kuyinto efiselekayo kunalokho. Isibonelo, e-Uzbekistan, ihlala cishe ezindaweni ezikhukhula imifula emikhulu, i-tugai eminyene kanye nomhlanga. Njengezindawo zokukhosela, kuvame ukusebenzisa izingcingo zemvelo ezahlukahlukene kanye nama-indentations, imigodi phakathi kwamatshe, kwesinye isikhathi imisele yamabheji, izingwegwe, izimpungushe, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile kukumba ngokwazo (lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane bezingane). Izindlela ezinamaphawu kahle zivame ukuholela ezindlini zazo zokulala. Impungushe ayigcini nje ngokugwema ukusondela komuntu, kepha kwesinye isikhathi, ihlala eduze kwendawo yokuhlala bese ihweba ngogazi, intshontshe izinkukhu, ingene nasemasimini. ENdiya nasePakistan ebusuku uvame ukubonwa ezulazula emigwaqweni emizana nasedolobheni. Uma emadolobheni amakhulu aseNingizimu Asia kunezindawo ezinkulu eziluhlaza, khona-ke izimpungushe cishe zihlala lapho. Ngisho nasezimpondweni ezinkulu ze-Delhi eziyizigidi eziyi-10 izakhamizi ezihlala njalo zidla izindwani ezinamatshe amaningi, amathuna, amapaki amadolobha agcwele izitaladi, nemizila yokuya ngaphandle eduze kojantshi. Ngokuguquguquka okunjalo nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okuphezulu ezimeni ezihlukile, i-jackal ejwayelekile njengohlobo, ngokuqinisekile, ayikho kunoma iyiphi ingozi.

Ukulandela okulandelayo

Kuvela izizinda ezimbili ezibalulekile. Ojinja abahlala eMedithera naseNingizimu Yurophu, kufaka phakathi iCaucasus neDagestan, bangabokufika kombala obumnyama ngokwebala Canis aureus maeoticus. Ojantshi bengxenye esempumalanga yebanga (i-India, Central Asia, Iran) bangabokubhalisa okujwayelekile I-Canis aureus aureus umbala ophuzi kakhudlwana.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela eziningi ezincane ezingaphansi kwezinhlobo ezithile eziseNyakatho ne-Afrika:

• I-Canis aureus algirensis
• Canis aureus abantus
• I-Canis aureus bea
• I-Canis aureus lupaster
• I-Canis aureus maroccanus
• I-Canis aureus riparius
• Canis aureus soudanicus

Ukukhethwa kwale mikhakha akusekelwa yizo zonke izazi zezilwane.

Indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha

Impungushe ejwayelekile iyisilo esicishe sibe yinhle. Idla ikakhulu ebumnyameni. Okubaluleke kakhulu kwezondlamzimba ku-carrion, kepha hhayi ikakhulukazi, njengakwimidumba. Ibamba izilwane nezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene, kanye nezikhala, izinyoka, amasele, iminenke, kudla izinambuzane eziningi - amabhungane, izintethe, izibungu ezihlukahlukene. Ojoka bayathanda ukuzulazula emachibini lapho bethola khona izinhlanzi ze-snihuyu. Ebusika obunzima, lapho amanzi eqola egobhoza, i-jackal isebenzisa ikakhulukazi ebusika bamanzi ebusika. Lapho sesitholile isidumbu sesilwane esikhulu esiwile, izimpungushe zivame ukubuthana ngamaqembu futhi zidle i-carrion enkampanini yamaphiko ezindizayo.

Ojinja bavame ukuzingela bodwa noma ngababili, kwesinye isikhathi ngamaqembu amancane. Ngobuqili bajovela isisulu basibambe ngaso leso sikhathi. Ngokudoba kanyekanye, beshayela inyamazane. UJackal uyisilwane esithuthukiswe kakhulu, akagcini ngokuqonda futhi unobuqili, kodwa futhi unobuhlakani futhi uyisidlakudla. Eqa phezulu, angabamba inyoni esele ikhuphukele emoyeni. Izinyoni ezidlekayo emhlabathini - ama-pheasants, ama-turuchs - ahlushwa kakhulu izimpungushe. Impungushe ibheka umzingeli, inyakazisa ngesigaxa esincanyana, imvamisa ukuma ukuze ihlwithe ilalele. Lapho kukhona khona izilwane ezidla izinyamazane ezinkulu, izimpungushe ziyabalandela ukuze basebenzise izinsalela zezinyamazane zabo, behlwitha izinsalela ngqo kusuka phansi kwakhala. Ojoka bayizilwane ezihlala phansi futhi azenzi ukufuduka ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa kwesinye isikhathi zihamba kude nendawo yokuhlala unomphela zifuna impilo futhi zivele ezindaweni lapho kunabantu abaningi abafa khona ngezinkomo noma izidleke zasendle ezokondla isidumbu.

UJackal udla izithelo eziningi namajikijolo, kufaka phakathi amagilebhisi, amakhabe, amakhabe, ama-plant bulbs, izimpande zikamoba wasendle. ETajikistan, ekwindla nasebusika, idla kakhulu izithelo zezinzwa.

Izimbadada ezihlala eduze kwabantu ikakhulukazi zondliwa. Emizaneni nasemadolobhaneni aseNingizimu Asia, bagasele emgodini kadoti nasemaphayipini kadoti, bebuka bezungeza beyofuna izingcezu ezidliwayo phakathi kwezindawo zezindawo ezingenampilo.

UJackal uyisilo ngobuqili nesingamhloniphi. Mayelana nokuzwakala kokuhlaselwa kwezindlu zezinkukhu kanye nezinqolobane ezifuywayo, mhlawumbe uphakeme kakhulu kunezimpungushe. Kodwa-ke, impungushe iyigwala kakhulu ukuthi ibe ngeyokuqala ukuhlasela umuntu, futhi ngenxa yalokho ukuhlupheka abantu abakuthola kulezi zilwane kuncane kakhulu.

Ifomu lezimpungushe lempilo, owesilisa uthatha ingxenye enkulu ekwakhiweni komgodi nasekufundeni izingane. I-estrus ye-jackal ibonwa kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari kuya kuFebhuwari, kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube uMashi. Umjaho uyafana nalowo ochazwe impisi - izimpungushe zikhala kakhulu. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-60-63. Izingane zizalwa kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMashi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMeyi. Zivame ukuba yi-4-6, kwesinye isikhathi ziye kufinyelela ku-8. Amawashi abesifazane besifazane ngokuvamile emgodini, okuyindlela elula yokufika kumamitha amabili ubude ne-metres eyodwa ekujuleni. Ngakho-ke, imisele yejoka ilula kakhulu kunezimpungushe. Imvunda enkulu yomhlaba ivame ukuthululwa ngaphambi kwesingenisi. Kulezi izimbobo kufihlwa izimpungushe phakathi nosuku, nangesikhathi sengozi - ngesinye isikhathi. Ngesinye isikhathi endaweni eseduze kukhona imisele eminingi eyehlukene yabantu abahlukile. Imisele ihlala ezindaweni ezingenakutholakala kalula.

Owesifazane wondla amazinyane akhe ngobisi izinyanga ezingama-2-3, kodwa lapho esenamasonto angama-2-3 ubudala uqala ukondla, ebambe inyamazane egwinya. Ekwindla, abasha baba abazimele futhi bazingele bodwa noma ngamaqembu ezilwane ezi-2 kuya kwezi-4. Abesifazane bafika esikhathini sokuthomba esikhathini esingangonyaka, kanti abesilisa babili. Isikhathi sokuphila sifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-12-16.

UJackal uzwakala kakhulu futhi enamazwi. Ngaphambi kokuya ekuzingeleni, isilo sikhipha ukukhamuluka okukhulu, okufana nokukhala okuphezulu, okukhonkothwa ngokushesha ngabo bonke abanye abantu abaseduze. Baqala ukukhala kwezinye izikhathi, ngokwesibonelo, kuzwakala izinsimbi, umsindo we-siren, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpungushe zikhala ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho zigijima. Esimweni sezulu esinamafu nangaphambi kokuduma kwezulu athule kakhulu, kepha akhwaza kakhulu ngobusuku obucacile.

Ngokuqondene nezitha zemvelo zempungushe, khona-ke kulesi silo esincane esibuthakathaka, noma yisiphi isisulu esiphakathi nesisikhulu singaba yingozi. Umhlangano ne wolf, lapho uhla lwalo luhlangene khona ne-jackal, aligadli kahle impungushe - imvamisa ithola impisi idle isidlo sasemini. Ezindaweni ezihlangene, kwesinye isikhathi izinja zichotshozwa.

I-jackal ejwayelekile nomuntu

Kwezinye izindawo impungushe ayimesabi ngokuphelele umuntu futhi ingama emgwaqweni izitebhisi ezimbalwa nje ezivela kubalimi. Lapho kunenqwaba yezimpungushe, amapulazi abampofu ahlushwa kakhulu kuwona. Ojoka babangela umonakalo omkhulu ezivandeni, amakhabe nezihlahla ezitshaliwe, bedla umoba, amakhabe, amakhabe, amagilebhisi. Bayazithanda amaswidi futhi bavame ukukhetha phakathi kwezithelo ezivuthiwe kakhulu, zonakalisa abaningi abangavuthiwe, okuthi, bezama ukunambitha, bayanikela. Ngenxa yalokhu, abantu bendawo bavame ukulandela izimpungushe, bazibambe ngosizo njengabafokazi noma, ngezikhathi ezithile, badubule. Kepha ukuzingela kwe-jackal akuvamile ukuba kuphumelele kakhulu - impungushe inobuqili kakhulu ukuba ibambe iso lomzingeli we-amateur noma iwele ogibeni lwekushesha. Izimbadada zingabekezelelaka emapulazini amakhulu okuzingela, ikakhulukazi e-natiria nase-muskrat, kanye nasebusika bezinyoni zezinyamazane. Kufanele sibheke ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi izimpungushe ziyimbangela yezifo eziyingozi - amarabi nesifo. Ezindaweni zokuhlala, impungushe iyisilo esijwayelekile "sedoti", umgibeli wokutheleleka kanye namagciwane.

Uma sicabangela lolu hlaka lubheke umbono olusebenzisayo, khona-ke akukho inzuzo encane ngalo - isikhumba salo asiwulungele umsebenzi wezandla. Eminyakeni engama-40-50s e-USSR, uboya bezidladla, nokho, babuvunwa, yize buncane kakhulu.

Impungushe ilungiswe kahle. Shono esikhathini esedlule, yena, ngokusobala, wenza ezinye izinhlobo zezinja ezifuywayo.

Ujoka esikweni

Impungushe inendawo ebalulekile ezizindeni zabantu base-Asia nase-Afrika. Ungumlingiswa othandwayo ezinganekwaneni zaseNdiya, lapho evame ukubonakala njengegwala, kodwa elinokukhohlisa okukhohlisayo, eqola wonke umuntu ahlangana naye. Ezindaweni eziningi eNyakatho naseNtshonalanga ne-Afrika, i-jackal iyahlonishwa futhi ngenxa yokukhohlisa kwayo nokushesha kwayo.

EGibhithe lasendulo, impungushe yayingesinye sezilwane ezihlonishwa kakhulu, unkulunkulu u-Anubis wayevezwa ngekhanda lempungushe.

Kubantu abaningi, isithombe se-jackal singemubi, noma singekhohlisi njengesithombe se-hyena. Ngakho-ke, eMuslim East, i-jackal ihlotshaniswa nokufakelwa okuncane, ukukhotha, kanye ne-vulgarity (isizathu salokhu, ngokusobala, umkhuba we-jackal wokuthatha izinsalela zokudla kwabazingeli abakhulu, ubalandele ngqo ezithendeni). Ubuye futhi abe ngumuntu wobugwala nenhloni. Kula mazwe, amagama athi "impungushe", "indodana ye-jackal" yiziqalekiso ezinya. Umfanekiso ofanayo we-jackal wethulwa nguR. Kipling ku- "Jungle Book" lakhe - bona uTobaccos.

Ngisho naseRussia bekukhona indawo ye-jackal. Yigama elaziwa ngokuthi "impungushe" ngokwencazelo - ukucela ngokuzithoba imali oyitholayo.

Amaqiniso Ahehayo

• AmaRoma abiza le mpungushe ngokuthi impisi yegolide. Ngakho-ke izinhlobo zayo zesiLatini aureus, okuwukuthi, igolide.

• Ukukhula kwethambo, kwesinye isikhathi okutholakala kugebhezi lukakhokho ojwayelekile futhi kuthwele inqwaba yezinwele ezinde, kubhekwa njenge-mascot ehamba phambili ezingxenyeni eziningi zaseNdiya futhi kuthiwa ngezimpondo ze-jackal.

• Isitaladi iChandragupta Marg eDelhi, esibhekene neNxusa LaseRussia eNdiya, siyaziwa phakathi kwezisebenzi zamanxusa ngaphansi kwegama likaJacobal Street. Iqiniso ngikuthi cishe eminyakeni eyi-10-15 eyedlule, umuntu angahlangana nezimpungushe kuwo, owayevota kakhulu ebusuku.

• Inkampani ye-Aeroflot ayisebenzisi izinja, kepha isiphambano phakathi kwezinja zika-jackal nezinja zikaSulimov, ukuze ihlole izimpahla ezitholakele lapho kungenzeka kutholakale iziqhumane. Okwemnandi, lokhu "kuzala" kubizwa "yi-shabaka." Kukholakala ukuthi uShabaki unomuzwa ongcono wokuhogela kunenja eyisilinganiso.

• Igama lesidlaliso "uJackal" laligqokwa ngumaphekula owaziwayo waphesheya kwezilwandle u-Ilyich Ramirez Sanchez.

Amanothi

1. ↑Sokolov V.E. Isichazamazwi sezilimi ezimbili samagama ezilwane. Omama IsiLatin, isiRussia, isiNgisi, isiJalimane, nesiFulentshi. / ihlelwe yi-Acad. V. E. Sokolova. - M: Rus. lang., 1984. - S. 94. - 10,000 amakhophi.
2. ↑I-African Wolf // Brockhaus ne-Epheronicededic Dictionary: Emavolini angama-86 (amavolumu angama-82 nama-4 angeziwe). - I-SPb. , 1890-1907. Isihloko uPedashenko D. D.

Bona ukuthi i- "Oralinary Jackal" ikwezinye izichazamazwi:

impungushe ejwayelekile - papparasis šakalas statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: kuningi. I-Canis aureus angl. Impungushe ye-Asiatic, i-jackal ejwayelekile, i-jackal yegolide, i-jackal, i-jackal yasenyakatho, i-vok vole yasendulo. gemeiner Schakal, Goldschakal, ... ... Žinduolių pavadinimų žodynas

Jackal ezejwayelekile -? UMbuso ojwayelekile weSigaba sohlelo loHlelo: Uhlobo Lwezilwane: Chordates ... Wikipedia

JAKHALA - (Canis aureus), isilwane esinezimpisi zohlobo lwe-genus. Kubukeka njengempisi, kepha kancane dl. umzimba 70 85 cm, umsila 20 cm 27. Umbala ebusika ubomvu-grey, ubomvu ehlobo. ENingizimu East. IYurophu, iNingizimu, Avg. kanye neFont Asia, eNyakatho. Melika. E-USSR eCaucasus, eMoldova, Wed ... ... Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary

I-Jackal (izincazelo) - UJackal: Kunombhalo we-jackal ku-Wiktionary Jackals igama lezinhlobo eziningana zomndeni wama-canine: I-jackal ejwayelekile (i-Canis aureus) I-jack striped (i-Canis adustus) I-jackal ekhanda (i-Canis mesomelas) i-jackal (i-Canis mesomelas)

UJackal - UJackal: Ojoka: I-Common Jackal (Canis aureus) Striped Jackal (Canis adustus) Black Jackal (Canis mesomelas) IEthiopian Jackal (Canis simensis) Umphumela :: Carlos Jackal waseVenezuelan ongumvukeli wamaphekula. Lacrimosa. I-movie ye-Jackal (film) ... ... Wikipedia

impungushe - papparasis šakalas statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: kuningi. I-Canis aureus angl. Impungushe ye-Asiatic, i-jackal ejwayelekile, i-jackal yegolide, i-jackal, i-jackal yasenyakatho, i-vok vole yasendulo. gemeiner Schakal, Goldschakal, ... ... Žinduolių pavadinimų žodynas

UJackal omnyama -? UMbuso oMnyama weSayensi wokuhlukaniswa kwesayensi: Uhlobo Lwezilwane: Chordate Subtype ... Wikipedia

UJackal - EPalestine yasendulo, kwakuhlala amaSh. Ordinary (Canis aureus) kanye nempisi ekhulukazi engu-Sh. (Canis lupaster). Ngaphandle, zombili lezi zinhlobo ziyisiphambano phakathi kwempisi neempungushe, kepha uma ziqhathaniswa neempungushe zinemilenze ephakeme, futhi ziqhathaniswa nempisi ... Brockhaus Bible Encyclopedia

asian jackal - papparasis šakalas statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: kuningi. I-Canis aureus angl. Impungushe ye-Asiatic, i-jackal ejwayelekile, i-jackal yegolide, i-jackal, i-jackal yasenyakatho, i-vok vole yasendulo. gemeiner Schakal, Goldschakal, ... ... Žinduolių pavadinimų žodynas

Impungushe emnyama yasekelwa -? UMbuso oMnyama weSayensi wokuhlukaniswa kwesayensi: Uhlobo Lwezilwane: Chordate Subtype ... Wikipedia