G. FAMINSKY Nizhny Novgorod
Ezincwadini zesiNgisi, nakwezikhathalogu eziningi zentengiso, le nhlanzi ibizwa ngeGlowlight Tetra. Ngaphansi kwegama, okusho kwinguqulo engokoqobo "ekhanya kusuka kukhanya", noma "okuqinile", kufihla iHemigrammus erythrozonus Durbin, ngo-1909, eyaziwa kakhulu ezizukulwaneni eziningi zama-olwandle, kumele iphindiselwe ukuthi owokuqala (emuva ngo-1874) wachaza le nhlanzi uReinhardt, kepha yena wakubiza ngabamele uhlobo olusondele lwe-Hifessobricons, futhi ngekota leminyaka elikhulu waziwa njengeHyphessobrycon gracilis, okuwukuthi, "unomusa."
Yize kusezinhlanzini zamanje igama elithi "erythrosonus", kepha ngokubona kwami, usethubeni lokuthi abhekane ne" gracilis ". Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sici siyiqiniso ngokufanayo mayelana nokwakheka kwangaphandle komzimba wezinhlanzi, kanye nombala wazo nokuziphatha.
Izithombe ze-Erythrosonus
AmaHemigram atholakala emanzini aseGuana. Ukuthunyelwa eYurophu kwaqala eminyakeni yangaphambi kwempi (yangeniswa eJalimane ngo-1939). Izinhlanzi zokuqala eza ezweni lethu ngonyaka we-1957 futhi zasakazeka ngokushesha (uma inkumbulo yami iyangisebenzela, ngumsizi wasemanzini odumile uVitaliy Kuskov).
Ukuvela kwezinhlanzi eMakethe Yezinyoni zaseMoscow kwabangela umuzwa. Hawu, babenjani laba abasanda kufika - obukekayo, onombala ogqamile, onobuhlakani! Njengoba kwakunzima ngosayizi omncane (abesifazane - kufika ku-5,5 cm, abesilisa - kuze kube ngu-4 cm), isimo esinokuthula, ukulungiswa okulula, ukunganaki ku-feed ration, inhlanzi ayikwazanga ukushiya noma ngubani engenandaba.
Ekufakweni kombala erythrosonuses Ngizohlala ngemininingwane eminingi. Umzimba uphakeme, onsundu okhanyayo, obala. Isisu simhlophe, emuva kuluhlaza. Zonke izinhlayiya zisobala, kukhona ukuthinta okubomvu ngaphambili kw-dorsal. Imikhawulo ye-anal, i-ventral, dorsal ne-caudal fins imhlophe ngokuluhlaza. U-Iris uneso elimbili, upende obomvu ngenhla nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngezansi. Kepha umhlobiso oyinhloko umucu ogqamile we-ruby odlula kuwo wonke umzimba, unwebeka ezimpandeni zomsila. Kwakunguye owanquma ukuthi ungowaliphi lama-hemigrams eqenjini lezinhlanzi ze-neon. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukugqama okukhanyayo kwemisipha nokubonakala okucacile kwezinye izimfanelo ezihlobisa inhlanzi zinokwenzeka kuphela ngokuqukethwe okuhle nokukhethwa kokukhanya okudingekayo.
Kuliqiniso, kufanele kuqashelwe. ukuthi sekudlule iminyaka engaphezu kwengama-40 ekuthunjweni nasekukhulisweni, ukubonakala kweHemigrammus erythrozonus kubuyekeziwe ngokubalulekile: kukhona izinhlanzi ezinombala obuthuntu ezinganawo umdwebo we-ruby kanye “namakhekhe” aluhlaza emithini. Lokhu, ngokusobala, yisona sizathu esikhulu sokuthi enye yezintandokazi zangaphambili phakathi kwama-haracinovs iyekile ukuba yimfuno phakathi kwabasebenza olwandle. Azikho ezinye izincazelo ezinengqondo zalokhu.
Izithombe ze-Erythrosonus
Ukuzalaniswa kwe-erythrosonuses okwamanje kuthuthukiswe kahle futhi akunzima kuma-amateur ahilelekile kuma-characin mi.
Umbhangqwana okhethiwe wezinsuku ezingama-5 ukuya ku-10 utshalwe ezindaweni ezinhlobonhlobo zasemanzini futhi unikezwe ukudla okuhlukahlukene (okungcono ama-crustaceans). Abesifazane akufanele babhekwe ngokweqile, ngoba baxubha futhi abakwazi ukuqhakaza ngokuzayo. Ukuze uqhume, umthamo owanele (cishe amalitha ayi-10) wengilazi noma i-organic. Inetha yokuphepha ibekwa ezansi, bese kuthi isixha esincane sezitshalo (Thai fern noma ezincane-leaved) sibekwe phezulu. Ungasebenzisa indwangu yokuwasha, ehlanzeke kakhudlwana. Izinga lamanzi ezindaweni ezinwebayo yi-12-15 cm. Izinga lokushisa lingama-24-25 ° C. Ukukhanyisa akukubi, fanisa. Izinhlanzi zidinga indawo ezolile, ngakho-ke isitsha simbozwa ohlangothini olulodwa noma ezimbili ngephepha elimnyama noma amaphephandaba. Ngezizathu ezihlakazekile, ukuhlanzeka komoya kuyinto efiselekayo. Amanzi alungiswa ngendlela yokuthi ubulukhuni bawo bokugcina bungabi ngaphezu kwe-4-5 °, pH 6.6-6.8. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlanganisa amanzi we-aquarium "akudala" ne-distillated noma efakwe ngokulinganayo okudingekayo bese wengeza i-decoction ye-peat, i-alder cones noma i-phosphoric acid ukusungula izinga elidingekayo le-hydrogen index.
Ukwehluleka ekutholeni inzalo kule nhlobo kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nombono ojulile wokuthi amanzi athambile kakhulu (dGH 0.5-2.0 °) ane-acid reaction (pH 5.5-6.0) alungele ukuzalanisa ngempumelelo kwabameleli ayadingeka ngokuzalanisa uhlobo lweParacheirodon. KANYE erythrosonuses isimo sehlukile ngandlela thile: emanzini athambile kakhulu konke kuhamba kahle ekuqaleni - iphesenti lokufakwa kwamaqanda liphezulu, imibungu ibonakala ikhula ngokujwayelekile. Kepha emazingeni akamuva entuthuko, izinkathazo ziqala - ukugcwala ngesizathu esithile azikwazi ukugcwalisa isisefo sokubhukuda somoya, ziqale ukugxumagxuma, kwesinye isikhathi phansi bese zisheshe zife.
Amanzi alungiselelwe avunyelwe ukuma izinsuku ezingama-5-6 futhi
kuphela emva kwalokho bayithululela emhlabathini ovulekile. Abakhiqizi bavame ukubekwa lapho kusihlwa. Ngobusuku nje, izinhlanzi ziyajwayela imvelo entsha bese ziqala ukuqhakaza lapho kusa. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu akwenzeki ngaso leso sikhathi, kodwa emva kosuku noma ezimbili. Izici ezibalulekile ezivusa ukuqhekeka kungukusa kwemvelo kanye nokufakwa okusha (300-400 ml), amanzi afudumele afudumele.
Izithombe ze-Erythrosonus
Isikhathi esidlulayo ihora nesigamu. Inani lamaqanda lisuka ku-50-70 liye ku-400-450 izingcezu, kuya ngeminyaka nokuvuthwa kwabakhiqizi. ICaviar incane, igqamile, i-amber ephuzi. Ezinhlanzini ezincane zokuqala, amaphesenti okuzala amaqanda aphansi.
Izibungu zesibungu ngemuva kwamahora angama-25-30 futhi ekuqaleni zilele phansi, bese unamathisela ezindongeni zomsele. Njengoba indawo enwebayo incane, futhi kunamaqanda amaningi, kungakuhle ukwengeza ithebhulethi ye-erythromycin, isisombululo se-tripaflavin noma i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhuma ukuvimba ukukhula kwamagciwane. Kuyasiza futhi ukufaka ingxenye yamanzi okusha, kufane namapharamitha ayo ngaphambi kokwenza amalungiselelo. Ibhange lidinga ukwenziwa mnyama futhi lihlatshwe njalo.
Ukusakazeka kwezingane kwenzeka ngosuku lwesihlanu. Ukuqala okuphakelayo - ama-ciliates. Inikezwa izinsuku zokuqala eziyi-1-2. Ama-rotate ama-pond noma ama-brackish afanelekile ukondla isonto lonke, noma amabili. Ekuqaleni, gazinga ukugxila ekudleni okukhulu okuqinile bese uyafa. Ukuze ungalahli isizukulwane, ungagijimeli ukukusidlulisela kuma-cyclops. Kungcono ukunikeza iviniga uviniga kanye nama-rotifers isikhashana bese kuphela ke wethula ama-cyclops amancane, i-daphnia, njll ekudleni.
Fry ikhula ngokushesha ngokwanele. Ngokuyinhloko ibanjelwe ungqimba olungaphansi noma ngaphansi kwamaqabunga ezitshalo. Eminyakeni yenyanga eyodwa, intsha inesudi esikhanyayo - lesi ngesinye sezikhathi ezibucayi empilweni yabo. Ngalesi sikhathi, bathambekele kakhulu ezifweni ezahlukahlukene zokukhunta, ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqapha inhlanzeko endaweni ekhulayo ye-aquarium, ushintshe amanzi ngendlela yesikhathi futhi uqinisekise ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa.
Eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kwayisithupha, ama-fry ahlanganiswa emhlambini. Le nkathi ibonakala ngokuvela kwesifo okuthiwa yi-neon (sporophilic plistophore). Isibonakaliso salesi sifo sikhanyisela izingxenye zomzimba ikakhulukazi umucu we-ruby, kuthi ngokuzayo, ukulahleka kombala ngokuphelele. Izinhlanzi zehlisa isisindo kakhulu, isisu sishiswa, zingadli ukudla. Isifo se-Neon cishe aselapheki. Izinhlanzi ezigulayo kufanele zichithwe, i-aquarium kufanele ibulawe amagciwane.
Izinhlanzi zifinyelela ekukhulelweni kweminyaka yobudala engu-7-8 izinyanga. Isilinganiso sokuphila esijwayelekile e-aquarium yiminyaka emi-4.
I-Gracilis, erythrosonus (Hemigrammus erythrozonus)
Umlayezo Yu.V. »Meyi 17, 2012 11:05
Imininingwane kawonkewonke ngeGracilis, erythrosonus, tetra firefly (Hemigrammus erythrozonus):
Umndeni: UCharacidae
Umsuka: Amahlathi eNyakatho Melika Melika
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 23-25
Umswakama: 6.0-7.5
Ukuqina: 3-15
Umkhawulo wosayizi we-Aquarium: kufika ku-4 cm cm
Ingqimba yendawo yokuhlala: Kakhulu maphakathi naphansi. Kwesinye isikhathi ukhuphukela phezulu.
Inani eliphansi elinconyiwe le-aquarium lomhlambi wabantu abadala abangu-5-7: hhayi ngaphansi kwama-20 amalitha
Imininingwane engaphezulu nge-Gracilis, erythrosonus, isicubu somlilo se-tetra (Hemigrammus erythrozonus):
Ukuthula kakhulu, akunandaba ngokuphelele nabanye (kufaka phakathi ama-shrimps amancane), inhlanzi. Umhlambi. Kubukeka kahle emhlambini wabantu abangu-7 ngemuva kwemvelaphi yezitshalo eziluhlaza eziluhlaza. Ukuncamela ukukhanya kukhanyiswe, ngakho-ke, lapho kukhona indawo engenazo izimila, ngokungafani ne-neon, ayifihli esithunzini.