Le mpi eneziqu eziyisishiyagalolunye, eboshwe engalweni yezithambo zegobolondo, ibukeka njengesimangaliso sedayinaso yangaphambi kokusinda kwalo kuze kube namuhla kunesilo sesimanje esikhulayo. Noma kunjalo, uzivumelanisa ngempumelelo nezimo ezintsha kangangokuba kwezinye izindawo uye waba ngumakhelwane ongathandeki womuntu.

I-Armadillos ukuphela kwezilwane ezincelisayo zesimanje ezinemvelo ezinikeze izindlela eziphelele zokuzivikela - i-bone carapace. Ekugcineni, bafana namafudu noma ama-lobster, futhi kubonakala sengathi. futhi clumsy. Okwamanje, izimpi ezinamabhande ayisishiyagalolunye zihlala kalula ezindaweni ezintsha kangangokuba eminyakeni yamuva nje bezilokhu zikhulisa uhla lwazo, ziguqula ukubukeka kwaso esifanayo - izazi zezilwane zikuqaphele ukubukeka okumbalwa kwesilo esisha. Onke ama-armadillos ahlala emazweni aseMelika, kepha angamabhande ayisishiyagalolunye kuphela ukusuka eKansas, eMissouri naseTexas (e-USA) enyakatho kuya e-Uruguay eningizimu.

Igobolondo lamathambo

Isikhumba sengalo entsha esanda kuzalwa sithambile njengaleyo yomntwana obhejane, kodwa ngemuva kwesonto siyaqina, sithatha amapuleti amathambo we-corneous bone. Empini enamabhande ayisishiyagalolunye, la mapuleti avikela umzimba wonke, akha emhlane uphawu olufana namabhande angama-8-9, aqondiswe ngokudonswa phansi ngezihlangu zasemahlombe nasezinhlangeni. Ikhanda limbozwe ngezihlangu ezincane kakhulu, bese kunikezwa umsila, futhi isisu kuphela asinaso isivikelo. Ukufihla lokhu kushiyeka, ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, ngokusongelwa okuncane, zifakwa ebholeni eliqinile lezingalo, kanti impi eselunemilenze eyisishiyagalolunye ilele kuphela emhlabathini, ibambe izimbobo zayo.

Izikhali eziqinile zivikela kahle ezitheni, kodwa zisindayo kakhulu, futhi emanzini zidonsela umnikazi ezansi. Ukuze ungashoni, izimpi zigwilisa umoya, uzigcwalise ngesisu namathumbu. “Iphedi lokuphila” elakhelwe ngaphakathi lelo livumela isilo ukuba sihlale simile futhi sibambe umoya waso ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi eside.

Emini, wonke ama-armadillos ayalala, futhi ebusuku ayaphuma ayokondla. Ukudla kwezinhlobo eziningi kuqukethe izintuthwane nama-termite, kepha izimpi ezinezimpondo eziyisishiyagalolunye zitholakala kalula ngezinambuzane, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane nezinwabuzelayo, amaqanda ezinyoni namachwane, izithelo, izimpande ezinamanzi, amakhowe kanye no-carrion. Le-omnivore inegalelo elikhulu ekuchumeni kwezinhlobo, ngoba izimpi zezempi zizithola zikhona ngisho nalapho kukhona khona izintuthwane ezimbalwa kanye namaqubu.

13.11.2012

I-armadillo enamabande ayisishiyagalolunye (lat. Dasypus novemcinctus) ingeyomndeni we-armadillos (lat. Cingulata) kusuka ku-oda we-Toothless (Xenarthra). Le nyamazane ihlala eNingizimu Melika kanye naseMelika Ephakathi, kanye nasengxenyeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga yeNyakatho Melika.

Imikhumbi yempi inethalente elingajwayelekile lokuthola indawo yokuhlala efanelekile kunoma iyiphi imvelo, ihlala emathafeni asolwandle, ezindaweni ezishisayo, emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo futhi nasezintabeni ezindaweni eziphakeme aze afike ku-3000 m ngaphezu kolwandle. Izizwe zamaNdiya kudala beziqothula njengezibiliboco.

Ezindaweni eziseningizimu ye-USA, amabutho asebanjini abanjelwa ukwenza izikhumbuzo ezahlukahlukene kusuka kumagobolondo futhi ahlanganyele emiqhudelwaneni, lapho abagembuli benza ukubheja okukhulu kakhulu. Ukuthandwa kwalesi silwane kukhulu kangangokuba kwaba isifanekiselo esisemthethweni sezwe laseTexas.

Ukuziphatha

Emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo, i-armadillo ihlala endaweni eminyeneyo enomhlaba oqinile nonomanzi. Izindawo ezinenhlabathi enesihlabathi zingomile, kepha zihlala zinodaka olumanzi futhi olunamathelayo. Izimpi ezazikhungethwe yizikhukhula ezindaweni eziphansi ziyagwenywa ngokuyisisekelo.

Zizwa kangcono emazingeni okushisa ukusuka kuma-20 ° C kuya ku-25 ° C. Ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi, izimpi ziyafudumala, ziziguqula zibe yibhola bese zithuthumela ngayo yonke izicubu zayo, bese ziphola lapho zishisa, ziphefumula umlomo wazo uvulekile. Indawo ehlala isilwane esisodwa singamahektha amaningana.

Lezi zilwanyana ezincelisayo zihlukaniswa umoya wazo wokungenisa izihambi futhi zivumela izihlobo zazo ukuba zizulazule njalo emazweni azo. Okuwukuphela kwaso isidleke somuntu siqu, esivikelwe ngamandla yizimpi zabo kubantu bobulili obuhlukile, nokho, abamele okuhlukile bahlala bejabule ngokweqiniso. Imvamisa uhlela isidleke emathangeni aminyene noma emgodini ongaphansi komhlaba.

Ikhoramu elingamasentimitha ayi-18 ububanzi ukusuka ekungeneni kwegumbi lokuhlala. Isicabha sifihlwe ngokucophelela emehlweni okokuthambisa ngaphansi kwesiqu esivulekile noma izimpande zezihlahla nezihlahla.

Ukulungiselela zonke izinhlobo zezimanga, lesi silwane sakha izindawo zokugcina ezimbalwa. Isimo sezulu esishisayo, ushiya umgodi kuphela ebusuku, futhi ngesikhathi esimnandi uhamba ngisho nangosuku olucwathile.

Ukulwa kunomqondo obukhali wokuhogela futhi, ukunuka inyamazane, ngokushesha kuzama ukufinyelela phansi kwayo. Ukudla kwakhe akuthandayo kuyizinambuzane ezahlukahlukene neminenke. Lapho ukudla okudingekayo kungenele, ushintshela amasele, izibungu namaqanda ezinyoni, alume imfuyo ngezithelo, amakhowe nembewu yeConifers. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le mpi izingelwa ama-cougars, ama-lynxes, ama-jaguars, ama-ocelots namabhere amnyama.

Ngengozi encane, impi yempi enamabamba ayisishiyagalolunye ibaleka isuka kuyo yonke imilenze iye emaphethelweni umgodi wokusindisa. Njengoba esefinyelele emgodini, ugoqa ngebhola elisindisayo, amboze umnyango ngokunethezeka ngegobolondo.

Uma ugijima sekwephuzile, isilwane esinefindo eqala ukushaqeka siphezulu. Ngenkathi umhlaseli ecabanga ukuthi kusho ukuthini, i-armadillo yobuqili, njengoba isibambe umzuzu ofanele, iyaphindisela ngokushesha.

Ikubekezelela kalula okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-carbon dioxide egazini, okukuvumela ukuthi ihambe ngamandla ngokuntuleka komoya-mpilo, ngokwesibonelo, lapho kugaywa izimbobo futhi kunqoba izithiyo zamanzi. Yize impi eyibhukuda ibhukuda kahle, ebalekela inyamazane, ukhetha ukuphunyula ezansi kwerebi.

Ukuzala

Isikhathi sokuzalela siqala ngokuqala kwehlobo. Abesilisa baqala ukuhlangana nentokazi yenhliziyo yabo, balwa izimpi ezincintisana nabanqobi bezindlela zabo lapho. Abaphikisi bayakugabha bangene komunye nomunye futhi balimaze kakhulu ukushayisana komzimba. Okubuthakathaka kunika amandla, futhi okunamandla kuyaqhubeka nomkhondo wawo onzima.

Imibungu esemzimbeni wowesifazane iqala ukukhula kuphela ekwindla. Iqanda lihlukaniswe ngemibungu emine efanayo, kuthi emva kwezinsuku eziyi-120 zokukhulelwa kuzalwe amawele amane wobulili obufanayo. Ukuzalwa kwengane kwenzeka emgodini ofakwe ngotshani obomile. Ingane ngayinye esanda kuzalwa inesisindo esingu-65 amagremu futhi ithuthukiswe kahle.

Emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokuzalwa, amawundlu aqala ukuhamba ngokuzimela.

Umama ubondla ubisi kuze kuphele izinyanga ezine ubudala. Isikhumba se-armadillos esencane asinayo i-pigmentation, futhi igobolondo labo elibomvu ekuqaleni lithambile kakhulu. Esikhundleni samazinyo angama-28 obisi, amazinyo angama-32 ahlala njalo futhi afanayo ngokuphelele akhula kuwo.

Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, intsha ifinyelela usayizi wezilwane ezindala. Amaviki ambalwa, amawele anamathela ndawonye, ​​bese kuba yilowo nalowo eyofuna isiza sakhe. Ama-armadillos anamagxolo ayisishiyagalombili avuthwa ngokocansi eneminyaka engu-2, kodwa aqhubeke nokukhula aze afike eminyakeni emi-3-4.

Incazelo

Ubude bomzimba wabantu abadala buyi-24-57 cm, kanti umsila ungama-12-48 cm. Isisindo singama-kg ayi-4-6. Ngemuva nangezinhlangothi kuvikelwe isithasiselo esiqinile sezihlangu zamathambo. Izivikelo ze-bony, okwakhiwa ngazo i-carapace, zikhule ndawonye ngaphambili nangasemuva ngamapuleti, kuthi engxenyeni ephakathi yomzimba zibekwe ngamabhande anqobayo exhunywe ngemichilo yesikhumba esinyakazayo.

Umzimba wonke, kufaka phakathi igobolondo, umbozwe ngezinwele ezilukhuni nopelepele. Ingaphambili lekhanda elincane nelide libuye limbozwe ngemikhaza yamathambo. Ama-auricles amakhulu amnyama. Umsila omude umbozwe ngezikali ezihlanganisiwe.

Imilenze imfishane futhi iqinile kakhulu, ivumelaniswa nokumba umhlaba. Izinzwani ezinhlanu emilenzeni yasemuva, nezine ezibunjiwe. Yonke iminwe ihlome ngezihlakala ezibukhali eziqinile.

Isikhathi sokulwelwa kwempi esinezimpondo eziyisishiyagalolunye siyiminyaka eyi-12-15.

I-fidget yasebusuku

Ukudoba ebumnyameni ebusuku, le mpi incike emqondweni wayo oqondile futhi inciphise izinyathelo ezincane ehlathini ikhanda layo lehliselwe phansi, lime kuzo zonke izigaba ukuze kubambe okuthile okumnandi. Ngokubona impilo, uqala ngokumba umgodi ngamandla ngezidladla zakhe zangaphambili, kuyilapho engakhohlwa ukuvala emakhaleni akhe ukuze angawahlanganisi futhi alondoloze iphunga lezinyamazane. Isilo simba ngamandla umgodi womgodi ngaphandle kwemilenze yaso wangemuva, siphumula emsileni onesihluku.

Engxenyeni eseningizimu yebanga, le mpi enezimpondo eziyisishiyagalolunye idla kakhulu izintuthwane nezintwala, iphule izipikili ngemikhono yayo bese iqala nolimi olude ibe yizigaba ezivunguzayo. Njengoba inesifiso sokudla okunempilo, isilo sidla izinambuzane eziyizinkulungwane eziningana endaweni eyodwa futhi singasicekela phansi ngokuphelele isichitho esincane. Umdondoshiya omkhulu uziphatha ngokuqonda ngokwedlulele - kancane kancane uqiniswa yi-anthill ngayinye, avumele ikoloni ukuba libuye futhi lizenzele ukudla ngekusasa.

Ekuntweleni kokusa, izimpi ziyeka ukuzingela futhi ziphinde ziphumule ukuze ziphumule emgodini. Ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yezindawo zalo zokuzingela, lesi silo sakha indawo yokuhlala engaphansi kwe-12 futhi silala emgodini osondele kakhulu endaweni lapho sibanjwe khona lapho kusa. Ukuhambahamba ebusuku esakhiweni esiya ecebeni, umniniyo usebenzisa wonke amakamelo okulala, futhi uma kwenzeka ebhekene nengozi, angangena ngaphakathi endlini yokuqala ayitholayo.

Imigudu engaphansi komhlaba

Imisele yase-Armadillo iyizakhiwo ezivulekile ezingaphansi komhlaba. Ekujuleni okungamamitha ayi-2, umnikazi osebenza kanzima wemba uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lokudlula olunamamitha ayi-5. Umgodi ngamunye okungenani unamakamelo amabili namagumbi okuhlala angu-1-2 afakwe ngotshani owomile namaqabunga. Ungena egumbini lokulala, impi yempi ivala umnyango ngotshani futhi ingene ekuphumuleni okuphelele kuze kuhlwe.

Kwesinye isikhathi abamele abobulili obufanayo bomndeni ofanayo bahlala ngokuthula emgodini, kepha izimpi ezinemilenze eyisishiyagalolunye azivumi ukujabulisa omakhelwane futhi ziqaphe ngesibindi iziza zabo. Abesifazane ikakhulu bayabulawa. Amaduna azingela ezindaweni ezengeziwe, ahlangana nezindawo zezinsikazi eziningana. Imingcele yomhlaba iphawulwa ngokuphuma kwezinsini ezinamakha ezintanjeni zama-paws. Njengoba ekhubekile ephunga elingajwayelekile, izimpi zibuyela emuva - ngaphandle kokuthi, umatasatasa ufuna umlingani wezocansi.

I-Nine-Belt Armadillo Habitat

Kuhlala khona impela emahlathini nasezihlahleni zaseNyakatho ye-Argentina, eMexico nase-Andes aseNtshonalanga. Izimbobo zalo zihlala zitholakala ogwini lwamachibi, eduze kwezihlahla nezihlahla. Umgodi ungaba ngamamitha angama-7 ubude .. Ekupheleni komhubhe kukhona isidleke esidakwe ngotshani obomile namaqabunga. Isilwane empeleni siguqula udoti omanzi - siphonsa esidala, ngakho-ke kuhlala kunamaqabunga amaningi abolile emnyango. Isimo sezulu esishisayo, izimpi azishiyi indawo yokuhlala. Kusihlwa kuphela lapho ephuma ahlwithe impumulo yakhe, ngisho nangaphansi kuka-20 cm, unuka iphunga - izikelemu kanye nezimbungulu.

Umfaniswano wethambo lengalo yesilwane

Masinyane nje ngemuva kokuzalwa, isikhumba sengalo encane encane sisathambile. Kepha ngemuva kwesonto, kuqala ukwenza lukhuni futhi kumboze umzimba wesilwane, njengegobolondo lamapulangwe e-keratinized. Ukugqama kwempi ebambene ngezihluthu eziyisishiyagalolunye ukuthi emuva kwayo i-regionion yakhiwa ngamabhande ayi-9, axhunywe ngokuqondile ezivikini zamahlombe ne-pelvis. Ekhanda nasemsileni kukhona namapuleti anjalo, kepha isisu asivikelwe yilutho, “isithende se-Achilles” sempi yempi. Ngeshwa, lolu hlobo, ngokungafani nolunye, alukufihli lokhu kushiyeka, ligoqa ebolini elihlaselwayo. Ucindezela ngesisu sakhe phansi, aqinise ama-paws akhe, futhi ngenxa yalokho abe yisisulu sezinyamazane.

Kulesi sithombe, amabhande ayisishiyagalolunye ahlukanisa ubonakala kahle, okunikeze igama lezinhlobo igama

Izici ezimangalisayo ze-armadillo

Le mpi enezimpondo eziyisishiyagalolunye ibhekwa njengejwayelekile kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zomndeni "onama armored". Izikhali eziqinile, yize zikwazi ukuvikela umnikazi wazo ezitheni, kodwa zisindayo kakhulu, ngakho-ke zidonsela ingalo yamandla phansi emanzini. Ngenhlanhla, lesi silwane siginya umoya, ogcwalisa isisu saso namathumbu. Ngenxa yalesi “sigaxa somoya”, lesi silwanyana sigcina sisebenza kahle futhi sibamba umoya waso isikhathi eside ngenkathi singaphansi kwamanzi.

Ngabe impi yemilenze eyisishiyagalolunye idlani?

Esikhathini sasemini, wonke ama-armadillos avame ukulala, kepha ebusuku afuna ngentshiseko ukudla. Izimpi zamabhande ayisishiyagalolunye zidla izintuthwane, amasimu, izinambuzane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekudleni kwakhe kukhona izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, nezirhubuluzayo, amaqanda ezinyoni namachwane, nezithelo, nezimpande zejusi, amakhowe ngisho ne-carrion. Impela, ngenxa yobuntu bayo obumangalisayo, le nhlobo iyachuma kunoma iyiphi indawo.