Uma kutholakala izinkuni ehlathini, khona-ke lokhu kuzwakala kude, ngoba imiphetho namagilasi, izikhala ezinkulu ezimbozwe izihlahla, ngokuqinisekile zizolalelwa kuleli cala ngemisindo ephakeme yesigqi.
Ngemilomo yazo emide, eqinile futhi ebukhali, enesigaxa, lezi zinyoni ezincane zidonsa ngokungakhathali izihlahla, zikhipha izinhlobonhlobo zezinambuzane emagxolo nasezinqomeni eziqoshwe ngomsindo onjalo emifantwini yeziqu ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba zizwe imisindo enjalo. Izinyoni zisebenza ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo.
Ngaphandle, ama-woodpeckers nawo ayabonakala kakhulu, akhanya futhi akafani nanoma yiziphi izidalwa. Bahlukaniswa yigebhezi elihehayo, elinamandla asemathanjeni alo eliwusizo kwizidalwa ezinjalo, ezindebe zalo zisebenza ngokungakhathali.
Izinyoni zihlala eYurophu, zitholakala e-Asia nasezifundeni ezisenyakatho ze-Afrika ezishisayo. Zinganaki izimo zokuba khona kwazo, lezi zinyoni azigcini nje emahlathini aminyene e-taiga, kodwa futhi nasezivandeni, nasemapaki amadolobha ezivakashi kuwo.
Zihambisana nezimo zezulu zombili ezifundeni zasenyakatho nezaseningizimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-woodpeckers awatholakali kuphela ezindaweni lapho izihlahla zikhula khona, kodwa futhi nokubona ezigodini ze-telegraph.
Umndeni wama-woodpeckers ufaka izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni, lapho uhlobo ngalunye lunamasayizi ngamanye, izici ezihlukile nendawo yokuhlala efanelekile.
Isibonelo esivelele salokhu uhlobo lwama-motley Woodpeckers, ahlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-20. Ngokuhambisana negama lawo, izinyoni ezinjalo ziyaboshwa, ikakhulukazi zimnyama nomhlophe, zibukeka zibomvu, kwesinye isikhathi kunezengezo eziphuzi, zokuhlobisa inqwaba yekhanda nezinye izingxenye zomzimba, njengoba ubona isithombe sezinkuni.
Izinyoni ezinjalo zivame ukubonwa emahlathini aseCorificial ase-Urals naseSiberia, lapho zihlala khona phakathi kwezihlahla ze-spruce nezihlahla zikaphayini. Izinyoni zitholakala endaweni enkulu, zisakazwa zisuka eCalifornia entshonalanga nasempumalanga ziye eJapan, okubandakanya amazwe amaningi aseYurophu nakwamanye amazwekazi.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezinjalo igobongo elikhulu elinamabala - isidalwa esiyingqayizivele, cishe ngosayizi we-thrush. Ngokuqondile, ubude bomzimba wale nyoni bungama-25 cm, futhi isisindo imvamisa awudluli ku-100 g.
Njengezihlobo, izinyoni ezinjalo zinombala ohlukile, futhi futhi ziveze ngombala wepinki noma obomvu. Izimpaphe ezimhlophe, ezi-beige noma ezinombala onsundu zibonakala ebunzini, izihlathi nesisu salezi zinyoni. Izimpiko zokhuni olukhulu olunamachashazi zingafinyelela kuma-47 cm.
ISpecpec Spotted Woodpecker incane kakhulu kunabafowabo abachazwe ngenhla. Ubude bawo bungama-15 cm kuphela, bese isisindo somzimba singafiki ku-25 g. I "cap" elingabonakali ekhanda lihlukaniswe nomnyama, kanti izindawo ezimnyama ezingutsheni zezimpaphe zalolu hlobo lwezinyoni zinsundu ngombala.
Uhlobo nendlela yokuphila yokhuni olunamabala
Impilo yezinyoni ezinje ikakhulukazi yenzeka ezihlahleni ezinde, lapho bazi kahle ukuthi bangakhuphuka kanjani, futhi bangcono kunendiza. Ukuqina Kokuqina kwe-Woodpecker kulezo zimo zokuphila kuyathandeka.
Imvelo yamhlinzeka ngomsila okhombe, ifakwe izimpaphe ezilukhuni ezisebenzela lezi zidalwa lapho zihamba ngeziqu zezihlahla. Ukuhlelwa kwamalunga nakho kuyamangaza. Ukuhlelwa kweminwe phezu kwabo kukhulu ukuthi umphambili ungaphikiswa ngemuva, okusiza abahlaseli bezinkuni ukuthi bahlale bephakeme kakhulu, balondoloze ngokulinganisela ngokuzimela.
Izinyoni zisebenzisa amaphiko kuphela lapho kunesidingo ukundiza esihlahleni kuya kwesinye. Umlomo oqondile, onamandla ngokuvamile uyindlela enhle yokuthi izinyoni zikwazi ukuxhumana futhi zidlulise imininingwane.
Indiza yeWoodpecker
Zigaye ngawo wonke amandla alo phezu kwezingcezu zensimbi nangamathini angenalutho, izinkuni ezinamabala uxhumana nezihlobo, azise ngendawo yazo yokuhlala. Izwi lalezi zinyoni likha phezulu futhi liyamakhala, likhulu kakhulu futhi lenza imisindo efana nethi "kick" noma "ki-ki-ki".
Lezi zinyoni zihlala zizinze futhi azithandi ukuhamba amabanga amade, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ziyaphoqelelwa, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, ukuthi ziye ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane ziyofuna ukudla okwanele.
Abakwa-Woodpeckers bakhetha impilo enesizungu. Umuntu ngamunye unendawo yakhe yokondla, futhi ukusatshalaliswa kwemingcele yayo kuvame ukusebenza njengesizathu sengxabano phakathi komakhelwane, futhi kuphela abamele ubulili obufanayo abalwayo.
Kepha izimpi zingaba ngolaka, nezenzo ezinolaka zivezwa ngokushaywa ngemilomo ebukhali, futhi nezimpiko ziye esifundweni lapho kulwa khona. Ukuba yindawo esongelayo futhi uxwayise umphikisi nge-duel, izimpaphe ze-woodpeckers zibeka amakhanda emakhanda bese zivula imilomo.
Lezi izidalwa ezinamaphiko ezinesibindi, futhi azizizwa zikwesaba kakhulu izinyamazane. Kepha qaphela, futhi ingozi engabakhona ingabenza bacashe. AbakwaWoodpeckers bakhetha ukungamqapheli umuntu, cishe njalo bakunaka ukungabi khona kwezibukeli ezinemilenze emibili ehlathini.
Ngaphandle kokuthi ubuvila uqonde ngaphesheya kwesiqu sesiqu, kude namehlo wokuphamba. Kepha inzalo enkulu kakhulu ingenza izinyoni zindize ziye endaweni ethule.
Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, umuntu engasongelanga ikakhulukazi lo mndeni wezinyoni. Inani lezinyoni liningi futhi ukubhujiswa akukusongeli. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izinhlobo ama -pecpecial Woodpecker asencwadini ebomvu isohlwini.
Ikakhulu, eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, kube nokwehla okukhulu kwenani le-Woodpecker. Imbangela yenkinga ukugawulwa kwamahlathi e-oki - izindawo abahlala kuzo abazithandayo. Ukuvikela lezi zinhlobo zezindawo zokulondolozwa kwezinyoni kuyakhiwa.
I-Spotted Woodpecker Nutrition
Ekwindla nasebusika, izinyoni ze-motley zidla ngenkuthalo ekudleni kwezitshalo ezicebile ezinhlobonhlobo. Badla amantongomane, ama-acorns kanye nembewu yeConifers. Inqubo yokukhipha okuphakelayo iyathakazelisa kakhulu.
Ukwenza ngomlomo onekhono elikhulu, ama-woodpeckers akha izigaxa zawo futhi azinqume kuma-anvil alungiselelwe ngokukhethekile, okuyi-cracks yemvelo noma ama-clamp wokufakelwa afihlwe esiqwini phakathi komqhele wezihlahla.
Izidalwa ezinenhliziyo zephula isigaqa, zikhukhula izidleke futhi zidle imbewu. Ngenxa yalokhu, idlanzana elihlaba umxhwele lodoti lwe-husk lihlala ngaphansi kwesihlahla, elikhula futhi likhule nsuku zonke. Lesi isibonakaliso esiqinisekile sokuthi i-Woodpecker isebenza esihlahleni. Lokhu kuyaqhubeka kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Futhi ngokufika kokushisa, lapho imvelo iphile, izinyoni zinemithombo emisha yokudla.
Uma ezimibalabala ze-Woodpecker bangs ku-bark, kungenzeka ukuthi ufuna lapho izinhlobonhlobo zezinambuzane. Amabhungane, amacimbi, izibungu nezinye izidalwa ezincane kufakwa ekudleni kwehlobo kwalezi zinyoni, kodwa kuphela ezinyangeni ezifudumele, ngoba ngokufika kwezinambuzane zesimo sezulu esibandayo nezinambuzane kuyaqabukela kuhlangana.
Lapho zifuna ukudla okunjalo, izinyoni ezichaziwe zikulungele ukuhlola yonke igebe esihlahleni. Baqala kusuka phansi kweziqu, kancane kancane banyukela phezulu nangaphezulu. Imvamisa, bakhetha izitshalo ezindala ezithintwa yizimbungulu zezihlahla, bezisindisa ezinambuzaneni, okubizwa ngazo ngokulandelana kwamahlathi.
Emsebenzini onjalo, asizwa hhayi kuphela ngoqhwaku, kepha futhi nolimi olude (cishe ngo-4 cm) oluthola ngalo izinambuzane ezivela ezigcotsheni ezijulile nasezinkomeni ezenziwe ngazo esiqwini. Entwasahlobo, ukubhoboza amagxolo, ama-woodpeckers adla ngokuthathwa kwesihlahla.
Ukuzala kabusha nokuphila isikhathi eside kwe-woodpecker ebonakalayo
Ukuqhubeka nohlobo, ama-motley Woodpeckers ahlanganiswa ngamabili. Yize kunezinyoni ezinkulukazi, lezi zinyunyana zingaqhekeka ekugcineni kwesikhathi sokuzala. Kepha kaningi kunokuthi, abashadikazi abanemibala bahlukane ukuze basebenzisane intwasahlobo elandelayo, futhi abanye basasele ukuze basebenzise ubusika ndawonye.
Ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, abasebenza ngezinkuni abafinyelele ekuvuthweni, okwenzeka ngasekupheleni konyaka wokuqala wokuphila, bagxile emizamweni yokuguga. Ngesikhathi kukhethwa abalingani, abesilisa baziphatha ngobunono, ngokuzwakalayo nangokumemeza okukhulu. Kepha abesifazane bavame ukuzola.
Ngo-Ephreli, imibhangqwana igqekeza insimbi yesidleke, okuyi-hole eyakhiwe ngaphandle kokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-10 ukusuka emhlabathini. Umsebenzi onjalo wokuzibophezela kwesinye isikhathi uthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, kuthi owesilisa athathe indima eyinhloko ekwakhiweni kwesidleke.
Esithombeni, amachwane enkuni
Ekupheleni kwemisebenzi, intombi yakhe ibeka amaqanda emgodini, amancane kakhulu ngosayizi. Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili, amachaphaza angaboni futhi anqunu evela kuwo. Bobabili abazali abanakekelayo bayabandakanyeka ekondleni nasekukhuliseni izingane.
Emasontweni amathathu kamuva, izingane sezivele zifunda ukundiza ngokuzimela, futhi ngemuva kwenkathi efanayo yesikhathi, isizukulwane esisha sivalelisa esidlekeni sabazali, sisuka ezweni eligcwele ubunzima. Uma izinyoni ezincane zikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi zigweme ubungozi, khona-ke zizophila iminyaka eyi-9, kungale nkathi ukuthi imvelo ibekele i-motley Woodpecker.
Ukubukeka kwe-motley woodpecker
Ekugcineni, abantu balolu hlobo bafika ngamasentimitha angama-23- 26, kanti amaphiko azo angamasentimitha angama-38-44. Ama-Woodpeckers amakhulu anesisindo esingaphezu kwama-100 amagremu.
Le nyoni inephunga elimibalabala, elenza umsebenzi wokufihlakala phakathi kwezimila. Abesilisa banomucu obomvu omnyama entanjeni yentamo, kuyilapho abesifazane bangenayo. Amapayipi omsila anzima kakhulu ngoba abasebenza ngezinkuni basebenzisa umsila njengosizo lapho behlala ezihlahleni.
Ikhanda, emuva, nuft we-Woodpeckers amakhulu asemotweni amnyama, kanti umphimbo nesisu kungumbala onsundu. Kunemivimbo ekhanyayo ezinhlangothini zomzimba. Izimpaphe zomsila ongaphandle zimhlophe. Umsila umnyama. Ukusuka uqhwaku kuya esifubeni welula umucu omnyama.
I-Woodpecker ebonakalayo idlala indima ebalulekile ku-ecosystem.
Ububanzi bezinkuni ezixubile
Lezi zinyoni zihlala e-Asia naseYurophu, zombili izindawo ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele nesibandayo. AmaMotley Woodpeckers ahlala eScandinavia, eGreat Britain, eCaucasus, endaweni enkulu ukusuka ezifundeni ezisenyakatho neRussia kuya e-Urals.
Izinkuni ezinkulu ezinamachashazi ezinkulu zijabulile.
Futhi, abamele le nhlobo bahlala e-Siberia eseMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga, ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho ne-Iran, e-Kamchatka, e-Korea, e-Far East, eJapan nasezifundeni ezisentshonalanga neChina. Abanye abamele lezi zinhlobo zingatholakala ezifundeni ezisenyakatho ne-Afrika, okuyizintaba zaseSatin ezinemifino emibalabala, kanye naseCanary Islands.
Ukuziphatha kwama-woodpeckers amakhulu ahlukahlukene
Ama-woodpeckers amakhulu amakhulu ahlukahlukene athande indlela yokuphila enesizungu, umuntu ngamunye unendawo yakhe yokuphaka. Kepha ngobuningi bezinyoni, lezi zabelo zingahambelana. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izingxabano ziqhamuka, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokudalwa.
I-motley woodpecker enkulu idla ukudla kwezilwane nezitshalo.
I-Woodpeckers yodwa engqubuzanayo yobulili nomunye, okungukuthi, owesilisa ngeke anake uma owesifazane esendaweni yakhe. Ngesikhathi sokucaciswa kobudlelwano, izinyoni zishayisana ngamaphiko nangomlomo. Ngaso leso sikhathi, baba sendaweni esongelayo - bavule kancane uqhwaku lwabo nezinsiba zazo.
I-motley Woodpecker enkulu inyoni engasuki lapho ihlala khona, izinyoni zihola indlela yokuphila yokuhlala, futhi izakhamizi zasezifundeni ezisenyakatho kuphela ngesikhathi sokudla zingashintsha indawo yazo, ziye ezindaweni ezifudumele nezondlayo.
Lalela izwi le-Great Spotted Woodpecker
Amapulangwe amakhulu anemibala andiza kahle futhi agibela izihlahla. Kaningi, ama-woodpeckers akhuphuka, futhi andiza kuphela uma edinga ukuyela kwesinye isihlahla.
I-Motley woodpecker ifuna ukudla.
Ama-Woodpeckers ahlala ezihlahleni ezahlukahlukene; azikhethele zombili izihlahla ze-taiga namapaki amadolobha. Kulokhu, inyoni ayesabi umuntu futhi ihlala eduze kwayo.
Ama-motley woodpeckers ayondla
Ehlobo, abasebenza ngezinkuni babamba izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene ezitholakala emagxolweni ezihlahla. AbakwaWoodpeckers bahlola ngokucophelela yonke igebe esiqwini. Izinyoni zinomlomo omude nolimi olukhulu olubucayi olungafika kumasentimitha amane. Ngosizo lolimi lwenyoni lapho kunqunywa khona ukuba khona kwezinambuzane, emva kwalokho umgodi ukhishwe ngaphandle ngokujula kwamasentimitha ayi-10. Abakwa-Woodpeckers bakhipha izinambuzane kusuka kumifantu nangolimi.
Ukucinga izinambuzane kuqala kusuka phansi kwesihlahla, emva kwalokho i-Woodpecker iqhubekela phambili iye phezulu. Esihlahleni esilandelayo, inqubo iyaphinda futhi. Ama-Woodpeckers amakhulu amakhulu ahlala afakwa kwesinye isikhathi acosha izihlahla ezindala ezilinyazwe yizimbungulu zezihlahla. Lokhu kulandela lokhu ukuthi izinkuni ziyimiyalo yehlathi, ngoba zisusa izihlahla zezilokazane.
Ukudla okuyimifino nakho kufana nokudla kwezinyoni.
Ebusika, ama-woodpeckers adla ngokudla kwezitshalo: ama-acorns, amantongomane nembewu. Izinambuzane zivame kakhulu ebusika. Uma kungekho ukudla okwanele, khona-ke i-woodpecker kufanele iguqule indawo yayo yokuhlala. Izilwane ezincane zingahle zibuyele ezindaweni zazo zomdabu iminyaka eminingana, futhi izinyoni ezindala ziyenqena kakhulu ukuguqula indlela yazo ejwayelekile yokuphila.
Entwasahlobo, lapho imbewu namahlumela esehambile, futhi izinambuzane ezintsha zingakaveli, abakwa-Woodpeckers badla ubisi lwezihlahla. Bakhiqiza ujusi ngendlela ejwayelekile, badabula amagxolo ezihlahla ngomlomo wabo onamandla.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-motley woodpeckers
Ama-motley Woodpeckers amakhulu akhetha umlingani oyedwa empilweni. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokudlekwa kwezinsikazi, insikazi nowesilisa bangabusika bobabili bendawonye, futhi bangahlala ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zehlathi, kepha ngonyaka olandelayo bazohlangana futhi.
Izimbobo zisetshenziswa njengezidleke.
Izinyoni zilungele ukuzalaniswa ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila. Ngo-Ephreli, lo mbhangqwana wenza isidleke, lokhu kungumsebenzi onzima, ohlala okungenani amasonto amabili. Ngokwesidleke, owesilisa ukhetha isihlahla futhi anqonqoze umgodi kuso, ngosizo lomlomo waso, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-10 ukusuka emhlabathini. Uma kukhona amafindo amaningi, i-woodpecker iyayeka ukusebenza bese icosha esinye isihlahla. Ukujula kwe-hollow, njengomthetho, kufinyelela amasentimitha angama-30 kuya ku-30, kanye nobubanzi bamasentimitha ayi-10-12. Owesilisa wenzelwa kakhulu ekwakheni, kanti owesimame umfaka esikhundleni esingafani nalokhu.
Insikazi ibeka amaqanda emgodini owakhiwe ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, njengomthetho, i-clutch iqukethe amaqanda ama-4-7. Amaqanda amhlophe mancane kakhulu - usayizi webhokisi lomdlalo. Imikhaza ibambe cishe amasonto amabili ngemuva kokubekwa. Izingane zaseWoodpecker zinqunu futhi ziyimpumputhe.
Bobabili abazali bondla amachwane. Esontweni lesithathu lokuphila, izinkuni ezincane ziba namaphiko, kepha okungenani amaviki amathathu ama-Woodpeckers amancane awashiyi abazali bawo. Abazali bondla izingane zabo kuze kube yilapho izimela ngokuphelele. Isikhathi sokuphila kwezinkuni ezinkulu ezinamabala endle cishe iminyaka eyishumi.
AmaMotley Woodpeckers akhetha izihlahla ezindala ezithintwa amabhungane ezinambuzane.
Izitha zikaMotley Woodpeckers
Ama-Woodpeckers ayizinyoni ezinesibindi; azesabi izinyamazane, kepha lapho zisongelwa, zindiza ngokushesha. Izikhuni ezinkulu ezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu azinakwa ngabantu, uma umuntu esondela esihlahleni lapho kuhlala khona i-woodpecker, lokhu okugcina kumane kudlulele ngaphesheya kwesiqu. Kuphela lapho umuntu ekhombisa intshisakalo engaphezulu ku-Woodpecker lapho amemeza kakhulu aze andize kwenye indawo.
Kepha kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ama-Woodpeckers ahlangana kahle nabantu amakhulu eminyaka. Isibalo sabantu asisongelwa ngokuqothulwa, ngoba inani lamapokhethi amakhulu ahlukahlukene aqhathaniswa aphakama njalo.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
I-Woodpecker: incazelo, isakhiwo, isimilo. Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-Woodpecker?
Umndeni we-Woodpecker uhlanganisa iqembu elikhulu lezinyoni ezaziwa ngokwazi kwazo izando ngemithi yazo. Izihlobo ezisondele kakhulu ze-Woodpeckers nazo zingama-toucans, izilevu nezinkomba zezokwelapha.
Ubude bomzimba we-Woodpecker bubalelwa ku-25 cm, isisindo esilinganiselwe se-Woodpecker singu-100 g, yize kunjalo, kukhona okuhlukile, njengoba kunezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu ze-Woodpeckers, njenge-American Royal Woodpecker, engaba ngu-60 cm ubude inesisindo esingu-600 g. i-Woodpecker encane enothando lwegolide, ubukhulu bayo icishe ifane ne-hummingbird, ubude bayo bungama-8 cm kuphela anesisindo esingu-7 g.
Umzimba we-Woodpecker ubukeka sengathi uphakama ngandlela thile, ngenxa yobude obujwayelekile bomsila nekhanda, obudlula ubude bomzimba. Uqhwaku lwe-Woodpecker's lunesimo se-chisel, futhi lubukhali futhi luqinile.Amakhaleni kaWoodpeckers avikelekile nge-villi ekhethekile evimbela ukungeneka kokubekelwa kwezinkuni ngesikhathi sokuduma. Njengegebhezi lama-Woodpeckers, inesakhiwo esikhethekile esivikela ubuchopho bezinyoni ekuthuthumeleni.
Amaphiko eWoodpecker angobude obuphakathi futhi abukhali, ukwakheka okunjalo kwamaphiko awo kusiza lezi zinyoni zasehlathini ukuba ziqondise kalula phakathi kwezihlahla. I-Woodpecker wingspan ingama-45-49 cm.
Amawashi we-Woodpecker's amafushane futhi anamandla amane (ngaphandle kwe-Woodpecker enezinyawo ezintathu), iminwe emibili iqondiswa phambili kuthi amabili emuva, ukwakheka okufanayo kwamaphiko wezinkuni kuyamsiza ukuba aqhubeke aqonde endaweni eqondile yezihlahla futhi ahambisane nayo.
Iplamu le-Woodpecker liqinile futhi lifiphela emzimbeni. Umbala we-Woodpeckers wehluke kakhulu, konke lapha sekuncike ohlotsheni lwenyoni eyodwa noma kolunye, ama-woodpeckers anemibala ye-chess emnyama namhlophe, i-mosagated, ebomvu, yegolide iyatholakala.
Ihlala kuphi i-Woodpecker?
AbakwaWoodpeckers bahlala cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba, ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica ne-Australia. Futhi njengoba izinkuni ezibunjiwe ziyizinyoni zasehlathini, zihlala ngokulandelana ezindaweni ezisehlathini, noma ngabe kuyi-taiga noma amahlathi emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo. Noma kunezinhlobo zama Woodpeckers athi esikhundleni sezihlahla angahlala kahle, ngokwesibonelo, ku-cacti enkulu.
Zingaki izinkuni ezihlala khona
Isikhathi sokuphila sama-woodpeckers sincike ezinhlotsheni zawo, isikhathi eside kunazo zonke phakathi kwama-woodpeckers yi-Lord Woodpecker, lo omele umndeni we-woodpecker angaphila iminyaka engama-30. I-motley woodpecker ejwayelekile kakhulu ihlala ngokwesilinganiso seminyaka eyi-10-11. Kunezinhlobo zama-woodpeckers (ngokwesibonelo, i-Woodpecker eluhlaza) isikhathi sakho sokuphila asikho ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-7.
Okudingwa yi-woodpecker nokuthi kungani i- Woodpecker ingqongqoza esihlahleni
Eqinisweni, ukondla kwe-woodpecker kanye 'nophawu lwentengiso' lwayo ezihlahleni kuxhunyiwe ngendlela eqondile impela. Yebo, ngendlela elula kanjalo, abasebenza ngezinkuni bathola ukudla kwabo. Isisekelo sokudla kwabo izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene nezibungu ezihlala emathunjini ezihlahla: ama-termites, izintuthwane, ama-aphid, amabhungane angamagxolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuthokozisayo, umsebenzi onjalo we-Woodpeckers usiza nezihlahla, ngoba lezi zinyoni zizisusa izinambuzane.
Yizihlahla ezinesifo esinjalo ezihlaselwe yizinambuzane ezihlala zikhethwa ngendlela eyiyo njengezihlahla zokufaka izingodo, yingakho zibize iqhawe lethu "elinodokotela wehlathi". Abasebenza ngezinkuni bazibona kanjani lezi zihlahla? Iqiniso ngukuthi imvelo yavuza lezi zinyoni ngendlebe ecashile kakhulu, futhi ama-woodpeckers ayakwazi ukuzwa ukhonkolo omncane omiswe yizibotshana zezihlahla ngaphakathi kwezihlahla.
Kepha emuva ekudleni izinkuni, ngaphandle kwezinambuzane eziyingozi, ama-woodpeckers awanandaba nokudla amajikijolo, imbewu yezitshalo, amantongomane akhishwe kuma-conifer cones.
Indlela yokuphila yaseWoodpecker
Ama-Woodpeckers angawezinyoni ezixazululiwe, okungukuthi, ahlala endaweni eyodwa. Imvamisa uhlala yedwa futhi esikhathini sezidleke kuphela owesilisa + ngowesifazane abagcinwe ngababili.
AbakwaWoodpeckers bachitha isikhathi sabo esiningi befunda izihlahla ukuze khona kwezinambuzane zinambitheke kangako kulezi zinyoni. Indiza isuka esihlahleni iye esihlahleni, i-woodpecker kuqala ihlala phansi, bese iqala ukusukuma kancane kancane. AbakwaWoodpeckers empeleni abawehli emhlabathini, bebonke abazizwa ngokungenaphutha bazizwa bebhekene nendawo engaphezulu, lapho bejwayelana khona ngokuthe xaxa kwesihlahla, ngasendleleni, kulesi sikhundla, abakwa-Woodpeckers balale ngisho nasebusuku.
Indlela yokuxhumana kwabasebenza ngezinkuni wukuqoshwa kwesigubhu ngemilomo, yona (isibhamu) nayo isebenza ukumaka imikhawulo yensimu ye-Woodpecker ethile nokuheha umlingani wakho phakathi nesikhathi sokuzala.
IGreater Winged Woodpecker
Naphezu kwegama layo, i-Woodpecker enkulu ekhonjisiwe ayinkulu kangako, ubude bayo bungama-14-16 cm, isisindo singama-20-30 amagremu. Inombala we-motley, abesilisa ezinhlangothini banezimpaphe eziningana ezibomvu. Ihlala eMpumalanga naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.
I-Woodpecker ejwayelekile
Ungu-motley Woodpecker omkhulu, ungummeleli ojwayelekile kakhulu emndenini we-woodpecker. Ihlala endaweni ebanzi yezwe, icishe ibe yindawo yonke ye-Eurasia, ukusuka emahlathini aseNgilandi kuya emahlathini aseJapan. Lezi izinkuni zethulwa emahlathini ethu ase-Ukraine. Zingahlukaniswa ngombala wazo, i-motley woodpecker inemibala emnyama namhlophe, ehlanganiswe nengubo ebomvu ekhanyayo, enikeza inyoni ukubukeka kwe-motley. Amanye ama-woodpeckers alezi zinhlobo anekhanda elibomvu, "cap cap" ebomvu enjalo.
ISyrian Woodpecker
Ekuqaleni, i-woodpecker yaseSyria yayisatshalaliswa kuphela eMiddle East, kodwa kuma-Middle Ages lezi zinyoni zangena phakathi kweBalkan naseMpumalanga Yurophu (kufaka phakathi lezi zi-Woodpeckers futhi zihlala e-Ukraine). Ukubukeka kwayo nemikhuba yayo ifana kakhulu ne-Woodpecker ejwayelekile, ihlukaniswa kuphela ngomehluko omncane omncane: uqhwaku olude, i-Syriapecpec Woodpecker iye yathuthukisa amachashaza ezinhlangothini zesisu sayo. Futhi, i-Woodpecker ejwayelekile enemibala ehlukahlukene inezindawo ezimbili ezimhlophe phakathi kwamehlo nehlombe, kanti iSpecert Woodkerker inalezi zindawo ezihlanganisiwe zaba munye omkhulu.
I-White-backed Woodpecker
Lokhu kungenye i-Woodpecker ehlala endaweni yehlathi lase-Eurasia. Inobukhulu obuphakathi, ubude bawo bomzimba bu-26-31 cm futhi bunesisindo esingu-100-130 g. Ibuye ihluke kwamanye ama-woodpeckers ngentamo ende nenhloko enesimo esisezingeni. Ngemuva engemuva kwalezi zinkuni kumnyama, okuphansi kumhlophe. Futhi, abesilisa bane-cap cap ebomvu ku-smut yabo, kuyilapho izinsikazi zine-cap emnyama.
I-Woodpecker ebomvu ebomvu
Le Woodpecker ihlukaniswa umbala wayo obomvu esiswini, lapho kuvela khona igama lawo. Yaziwa nangokuthi i-Woodpecker ebomvu. Lolu hlobo lwama-Woodpeckers luhlala eSoutheast Asia. Ungummeleli omncane kakhulu womndeni we-Woodpecker, ubude bawo bomzimba bungama-200-250 mm, isisindo esingu-50-70 g.
I-Black Woodpecker (Ephuzi)
Yaziwa nangokuthi yi-Woodpecker enkulu emnyama, omunye wabamele abakhulu kakhulu be-woodpeckers, ubude bayo bomzimba buyi-42-49 cm, enesisindo esingu-250-450 g.iphinde ihlale endaweni eyihlathi lase-Eurasia, kusukela oLwandlekazi i-Atlantic kuya ePacific. Le Woodpecker kulula kakhulu ukuyibona ngokubukeka: inyoni enamapulangwe amnyama nekhola elibomvu ekhanda layo kuzoba nge-Woodpecker emnyama.
Ukuzalaniswa kweWoodpeckers
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwama-woodpeckers siqala entwasahlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa abaneziqu zabo baqala ukuheha abesifazane ngenkuthalo. Lapho bobabili sebakhekile, izinyoni ziqala ukwakha isidleke, bese zisebenza ngokulandelana. Indawo lapho kulindeleke khona ukuba izalelwe amachwane ayo igqitshwa ngokucophelela ngamagatsha aqhamuka kuzwane.
I-Woodpecker yowesifazane inamaqanda amathathu kuya kwayi-7, ayihlanganisa izinsuku eziyi-15. Ngemuva kwalokho amachwane, izingcwecwana ezincane zokhuni ziqala ukuklabha kuzo, azisizi ngalutho: zinqunu, ziyimpumputhe futhi ziyisithulu. Kepha vele ngenyanga yokuqala embozwe izimpaphe, bheka ngokucacile futhi nokuncwina. Namanje abazi ukuthi bangandiza kanjani, noma kunjalo bangagijima ngokuqinile esiqwini. Futhi ngemuva konyaka, ama-Woodpeckers aba izinyoni ezindala ezivuthiwe ngokobulili.
Amaqiniso we-Woodpecker atholakalayo
- I-motley woodpecker enkulu ikwazi ukungqongqoza embobeni ngesivinini esimangazayo - ukushaywa okungu-20 ngomzuzwana.
- Ngo-2006, omunye wemiklomelo kaShnobel (i-antipode to the Nobel Prize, le miklomelo inikezwa ngenxa yokutholwa okungadingekile futhi okungenanjongo kwesayensi) wanikezwa udokotela wezokwelapha waseCalifornia ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe “Kungani Ungenalo Woodpecker Headache”.
- I-Woodpecker iyakwazi ukubhala izintuthwane eziyi-1000 ngasikhathi sinye.
Ividiyo yeWoodpecker
Futhi ekugcineni, sinikezela ukubheka i-woodpecker endle, ulalele i-trill yakhe.
Lapho ngibhala i-athikili, ngazama ukuyenza ibe mnandi, isebenziseke futhi ibe sezingeni eliphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngingabonga kakhulu nganoma iyiphi impendulo kanye nokugxekwa okwakhayo ngendlela yamazwana esihlokweni. Ungabhala futhi isifiso sakho / umbuzo / isiphakamiso ku-mail yami [email protected] noma kuFacebook, ngokuhlonipha umbhali.
Le ndatshana itholakala ngesiNgisi - iWoodpecker - iThreeless Work Worker.
2 imibono
"Ngo-2006, enye yemiklomelo yeShobobel (i-antipode to the Nobel Prize, le miklomelo yanikezwa ngenxa yokutholakala kwesayensi okungenasidingo nokungenanjongo) yanikezwa udokotela wamazinyo waseCalifornia ngomsebenzi wokuthi" Kungani i-woodpecker ingenanhloko ", manje, ngenxa yokwakheka kwekhanda le-Woodpecker, ososayensi wakhe izindlu zethuluzi elithola ukwethuka elingamelana nokugcwala okungaphezulu kwe-60,000 g. Phakathi kokunye, ingathola uhlelo lokusebenza njengesivikelo esisebenza ngempumelelo sabasebenza ukuqopha izindiza, namuhla esingakwazi kuphela ukumelana nokugcwala okungu-1 000 g. Ngokusho kukaKim Blackburn, unjiniyela waseCranfield University (UK), izinhlaka zokwakheka kwezinkuni ezitholakala "ziyisibonelo esihle kakhulu somuntu othola ukushaqeka okungokwemvelo okusebenzayo, futhi okusiza ukuxazulula izinkinga ezazibonakala zingalawuleki." Futhi umbuzo uwukuthi: lezi zinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi eziphezulu zivela kuphi emvelweni?
