Inhlanzi yeRasp inomzimba omncane, ocwebezelayo kancane ezinhlangothini. Eminye yimigqa eseceleni eyi-5 ohlangothini ngalunye. Munye kuphela wabo odlula ngaphezu komugqa oyinhloko waphakathi komzimba.

Izinhlanzi zinemiphetho ebanzi yombala omnyama nokukhanya, zihlala zishintshana njalo. Inhlawulo enamandla grey enomugqa omncane omnyama ihlobisa ingemuva le-rasp. Isisu nengxenye engezansi yekhanda iphuzi ngombala.

Abadobi abaningi baseKamchatka bathanda ukuzingela le nhlanzi. Iningi labantu abangama-rasp lihlala emanzini aseNyakatho Kuril Islands kanye naseNingizimu Kamchatka. Kwesinye isikhathi lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi lungabonakala ogwini oluseningizimu-ntshonalanga yoLwandle iBering.

I-red rasp (Hexagrammos lagocephalus).

Ubude obukhulu be-rasp ebomvu (i-hare-ikhanda) ingama-57 cm anesisindo somzimba esifinyelela ku-2 kg. Ebusika, inhlanzi yehlela ekujuleni kwamamitha angama-300-500.

Kepha vele entwasahlobo isondela ogwini futhi ngokushesha iya olwandle. Amagundane avela ekujuleni okungadluli kumamitha ayi-20. Ukuze enze lokhu, akhetha izindawo lapho kunamasondo anamandla khona nenhlabathi enamadwala.

I-Terpug inamagama amaningi.

I-Terpug inamagama ahlukahlukene. Ibizwa nge-perch, i-rasp ebomvu kanye ne-lenok yolwandle. Phakathi kwama-ichthyologists, i-rasp ijwayele ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Kuril noma i-rab unogwaja. Yilokho igama layo elizwakala ngakho ngesiLatin.

I-rasp ebomvu ibizwa nge-harehead.

Isidlakela noma inhloko yenyoka ehlala emanzini asenyakatho yoLwandle iPacific. Izindawo zokuhlala Amanzi ase-Asia kusuka ku-Yellow kuya eBering Seas. Ubuye wabonwa kaningi ezindaweni ezingasogwini lwaseMelika yonke indlela eya eCalifornia. Kepha ukunqwabelana okukhulu kakhulu kweKuril rasp kugxiliwe ezindaweni eziseziKuril Islands naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeKamchatka. ITerpug ibhekwa njengenhlanzi enkulu. Isisindo somzimba waso singama-60 cm ubude nesisindo esingaphezu kwama-2,5 kg. Ama-Terpugs, njengezinye izinhlanzi eziningi, avame ukuthutha. Zincamela ukuphuma kumanzi afudumele asogwini ngokujula okungadluli kumamitha angama-30. Izinsikazi zezinsikazi ezisalukazi ziqala ukubeka amaqanda kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ukuze benze lokhu, bakhetha izindawo ezifika endaweni enamadwala.

I-rasp ebomvu ihlala itholakala eMpumalanga Ekude yeRussia.

Uhlobo oluhlukaniselwe lwe-caviar e-rasping lubangela isikhathi eside kakhulu sokuqhuma. Le nqubo iqala lapho abesilisa bekhetha izindawo ezinhle kakhulu. Kungemva kwalokho kuphela lapho izinsikazi zifika lapho zizalele amaqanda. Ngemuva kwalokho izinsikazi zishiya izindawo ezinamakhaza, bese izinsikazi zihlala lapho zigada izibungu kuze kuzalwe lo mbala. Njengomthetho, abesilisa abakhulu kunabo bonke abanemibala egqamile babamba iqhaza ekwandeni kwe-Spawning. Abesilisa bahlala nezingane ngokuzalwa ekwindla. Lapho-ke izilwane ezincane zithuthele ekujuleni kwesikhathi sebusika.

Ama-Terpugs ama-omnivores.

I-Kuril rasp iyinhlanzi ebabazekayo. Uhlala wondla kahle kuma crustaceans ahlukahlukene, ama-mollusks nezinhlanzi ezincane. Kwesinye isikhathi kungasizakala naku-caviar wezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, kufaka phakathi omakhelwane.

I-Terpug akuyona inhlanzi edoba kakhulu, kodwa abadobi bayakwemukela ekubambeni.

I-Terpug akuyona eyenhlanzi eyinhloko yezentengiso. Esikhundleni salokho, isetshenziswa njengokubanjwa kwangaphambi kokubamba enye inhlanzi. Kepha abadobi bayakuthanda ukubamba le nhlanzi, iphatha cishe yonke into futhi lapho, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi efudumele, ijabulisa abathanda ukudoba baseKamchatka.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.

Incazelo

Njengomdlwenguli ojwayelekile, i-perch-rasp inomzimba omile ombozwe isikali esiminyene se-cycloid. Ekubambeni kwabadobi, umuntu ngamunye uvame ukubakhona cishe ngamasentimitha angama-50, noma kunjalo, ubude obukhulu bomzimba walomhlaseli bungafinyelela amamitha elilodwa nesigamu. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, isisindo se-molt singasukela ku-2 kuye ku-60 kg. I-dorsal fin ingaqina noma ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili. Le nhlanzi ingaba nemigqa ye-lateral eyi-1 kuye kwayi-5, nakho okuya ngezinhlobo zayo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Njenge-bass yomfula, i-rasp inamakhono aphezulu okulingisa futhi iyakwazi ukuguqula umbala ngokushesha.

Imvamisa, kutholakala abantu abampunga nombala oluhlaza okotshani. Emzimbeni wakhe kunemivimbo eminingana eshintshashintshayo eyenza umsebenzi wokuhlikihla futhi yenza izinhlanzi zicishe zingabonakali ngokumelene nesizinda somhlabathi ongaphansi. Njengebhass yomfula, umlomo omkhulu we-harehead unamazinyo amaningi amancane. Amehlo amakhulu andise i-photosensitivity futhi ivumelaniswa kahle nokuzingela ezindaweni ezijulile zamanzi lapho kunokukhanya okungapheli.

I-Terpug - izinhlanzi zolwandle noma zasemfuleni?

Ngenxa yokufana kwe-bass yomfula, abadobi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi i-rasp perch itholakala emizimbeni yamanzi entsha, kepha lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. I-Terpug yinhlanzi ejwayelekile yasolwandle ehlala emanzini anosawoti olwandle nolwandle. Uhlobo lomfula i-perch alunaso ngisho nobudlelwane obuqhelile nobudlelwano nalobo obumele zasolwandle futhi bufana kuphela nolunye uphawu lwangaphandle.

Aphi amaqhubu?

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-rasp zitholakala cishe kulo lonke elasenyakatho yePacific. Inani elikhulu lalezi zinhlanzi lihlala e-Avacha Bay, lapho lingabanjwa ngokudoba kuphela, kodwa nangokudotshwa kwama-amateur. Kule ndawo, i-harehead ingatholakala eduze kakhulu nogu, lapho ukujula kungamamitha angama-20.

Ukuhlanza kutholakala kulo lonke ugu lwase-Asia, kusukela oLwandle oluLwandle kuya kuLwandle iBarents. Indawo ehlala kuyo ifinyelela kulo lonke ugu lwaseMelika. Kepha noma kunjalo, inani elikhulu kakhulu lalezi zinhlanzi lihlala esifundeni saseRussia Federation, eziKuril Islands nasogwini lweKamchatka.

Izinhlobo

Umndeni we-rasp une-3 genera nezinhlobo eziyi-9. Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zingezinhlobo zohlobo lwezinhlanga ezigqokiwe:

Ukubuka komugqa owodwa kuhlukile kwabanye abamele le genus ngokuba khona komugqa owodwa wecala. Isilinganiso sawo esikhulu asidluli ku-30 ​​cm, yingakho kungeyona intshisakalo enkulu ukudoba ezimboni futhi kubanjwa kakhulu abadobi base-amateur. Ukuze uthole i-harehead enomugqa owodwa, umbala ophuzi onamabala ansundu ezinhlangothini kuyinto ebonakala ngayo. Ekhanda kukhona amabhangqa amabili omchamo. Le nhlobo ibuye ihlukaniswe ngamaphinifa amakhulu we-pectoral wesimo esiyindilinga.

Itholakala ogwini lweNyakatho China neJapan. E-Russia, i-harehead eyi-single-line ayinasibalo esikhulu sabantu futhi kwesinye isikhathi ifika igiya lama-amateur emanzini asePeter the Great Bay.

Izinhlobo zaseMelika zingakhula zibe ngama-60 cm futhi zibe nobunzima obungaphezu kwamakhilogremu amabili. Isifiso sempilo yalolu hlobo cishe siyiminyaka engama-20. Izici ezihlukile zifaka phakathi i-dorsal fin ehlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili. Abesifazane nabesilisa be-rasp yaseMelika bahluke kakhulu komunye nomunye kangangokuba isikhathi esithile i-ichthyologists ibabiza ngokuthi bahlukane nezinhlobo. Umbala wesilisa ukhanya kakhulu futhi ubonakala ngokuba khona kwezindawo eziningi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu. Abesifazane bavame ukudaywa ngwevu.

Lolu hlobo luhlala engxenyeni esenyakatho-mpumalanga yoLwandlekazi iPacific. Isibalo esikhulu kunazo zonke sihlala e-Aleutian Islands, kanye nase Gulf of Alaska. I-harehead yaseMelika inamathela emanzini asogwini futhi ithanda ukuphila impilo yokuhlala, yenza ukufuduka kuphela esikhathini sokuhluma.

Uma izingane zale nhlobo zidla ikakhulu kwi-zooplankton, abantu abadala bayadla:

Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obunesizotha, i-rasp yaseMelika ayibalulekile ngesilinganiso sezimboni.

Ama-redheadheads nawo awekho amakhulu futhi kuyaqabukela akhula ngaphezu kwama-60 cm ubude. Lolu hlobo luphawulwa ngombala ogqamile kakhulu. Umzimba wenhlanzi une-cherry noma umbala obomvu. Ikhanda lakhe lipendiwe ngamathoni e-orange. Isisu sikhonkotha okwesibhakabhaka. Amaphiko aphansi amnyama. Amaphiko aphezulu ne-dorsal anombala opinki okhanyayo.

Uhlobo lwase-Asia lwe-redheadhead luyatholakala ogwini lweKamchatka, kanye nasezigodini zase Commander nase Aleutian. Ifomu laseMelika lihlala emanzini asogwini ukusuka e-Alaska kuya eCalifornia. Inyama yale nhlanzi ayihlukaniswa yizimpawu zokunambitheka okuphezulu.

ISppot rasp inabantu abaningi enyakatho yoLwandle iPacific kanye nakuLwandle lweChukchi. Ama-harehead amabala akhula aze afike ku-50 cm futhi uyakwazi ukuthola isisindo cishe ngo-1.5 kg. Lolu hlobo luphawulwa umbala ophuzi onsundu womzimba. Kumaphiko ansundu, amabala amancanyana aluhlaza abonakala kahle. Indawo emnyama itholakala ngaphansi kwe-dorsal fin. Ihlala ihlala ekujuleni okungamamitha angama-20 kuye kwangama-40. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma, isondela ogwini futhi ibekele amaqanda ekujuleni kuka-2-10 m.

Ama-brownhead ama-brown angomunye wabamele abancane kakhulu bomndeni we-rasp. Ubude bawo obuphakeme buyi-35 cm, kepha eMpumalanga Ekude ingakhula ibe ngu-50 cm, ohambisana nesisekelo esihle sokwedlula kulezi zingxenye. Isikali saso sinombala oluhlaza okotshani noma onsundu. Umzimba ophansi ulula ukwedlula ongenhla.

Kunemivimbo emnyama endaweni yeso. Amabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ayabonakala kwisembozo se-gill. Inyama ye-brown rasp inombala oluhlaza okonakele. Kuyatholakala ezilwandle ezinjalo:

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu lalezi zinhlobo latholakala ogwini olusenyakatho Melika. Kuyindawo yokudoba yokuzijabulisa edumile.

Ngasogwini lwaseJapan kuwukudotshwa kwezinhlanzi unyaka wonke. Abamele abancane balolu hlobo bavame ukusetshenziswa njengezinhlanzi zasemanzini.

Kuhlobo lwe-Ophiodon Girard, kunezinhlobo ezi-1 kuphela - i-toothy rasp, okuyiyona emele kakhulu umndeni we-rasp, ingakhula ize ibe ngu-1,6 m futhi inesisindo esingama-60 kg. AmaToothy hareheads atholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho-mpumalanga yoLwandlekazi lwePacific futhi athakazelisa kakhulu abadobi nabathandi bezemidlalo. Umbala womzimba wale nhlanzi uncike ngokuphelele ohlotsheni lomhlabathi lapho uhlala khona. Umbala wesikali we-toothy rasp ungahlukahluka kusuka kokumpunga okukhanyayo kuya kombala onsundu. Kukhona amabala amnyama osayizi abehlukene ezinhlangothini zezinhlanzi.

Izinhlobo zezimpaphe eziseningizimu nasenyakatho zingezinhlobo zohlanga oluthile lwensipho. Izinhlobo zaseningizimu zihlala kuphela engxenyeni esenyakatho nentshonalanga yoLwandlekazi lwePacific, futhi, yize inobukhulu bayo obunesizotha, kuyinto ebalulekile yezentengiso, ehambisana nezimpawu zokunambitheka ezinhle kakhulu zale nhlobo. Isisindo saso akuvamile ukuba seqe uphawu lwekhilogremu elilodwa nohhafu, futhi ubude bomzimba obukhulu abudluli ku-65 cm. Uma izinsizane eziseningizimu ene-rasp eningizimu zinombala ngamathoni aluhlaza namnyama, khona-ke abantu abavuthiwe bahlukaniswa ngombala onsundu.

Inyakatho ye-oneather feather ihlala enyakatho yoLwandle iPacific. Ikhula ibe ngu-2 kg futhi inesikhathi sokuphila iminyaka engaba ngu-15. Kuyinto ebalulekile yokudoba. Ngemuva kwenhlanzi kunombala omnqumo omnyama. Imichilo emidwebo ipendwe ngamathoni ansundu. I-dorsal fin ihlelwe ngomngcele omnyama. Isisu se-rasp esenyakatho sinombala ophuzi.

Inhlanzi ye-Rasp ibanjwa kahle ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zamagiya wasolwandle amateur futhi ihlangana kalula kuwo womabili amasheya angokwemvelo nawokufakelwa. Uma umdobi ekwazile ukuthola indawo yokuqongelela umhlaseli, khona-ke ukudoba kuzojabulisa kakhulu.

Izinzuzo nokulimala kwe-rasp

I-Terpug yaziswa ngokuqina kwayo okuhle kakhulu. I-rasp entsha inomthunzi ophuzi noma oluhlaza, lokhu akufanele kuthuse abathengi. Njengoba kunamathambo ambalwa ku-rasp, ingaphekwa nganoma yiluphi uhlobo: gazinga, ubilise indlebe, umusi, ugobe, ubhake, usawoti, ubheme noma ungeze kuma-salads.

Izici ezinenzuzo zezinhlanzi ezingama-rasp ziyisamba esikhulu samaprotheni nama-amino acid adingekayo empilweni yomzimba womuntu. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-rasp futhi kunquma okuqukethwe kwe-omega-3 fatty acatur. Vimbela ukubonakala kwe-atherosclerosis, qinisa uhlelo lwenhliziyo. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwe-rasp kuzothinta kahle uhlelo lwezinzwa.

I-Rasp fish iqukethe inani elikhulu lamavithamini kanye namaminerali. Ngokwakhiwa kwayo, i-A, C ne-PP. Ukulandelela ama-microelements kufaka i-chromium, i-iron, i-molybdenum, isibabule, i-bromine nabanye abaningi. Uma kunokuntuleka kwe-iodine emzimbeni, i-rasp izosheshe ikwenzele lokho.

Njenganoma iyiphi enye inhlanzi enamanzi anosawoti, i-rasp ingabekezelelwa ngokwahlukana komuntu. Lokhu kungazibonakalisa kusimo sokungahambi kahle komzimba. Abantu abaphethwe yisifo sezinso noma isilonda esiswini abanconywa ukuthi badle le nhlanzi ethosiwe.

Ikhalori rasp

I-Terpug iyinhlanzi edliwayo, ngakho-ke izazi zezempilo zivame ukutusa ukusetshenziswa kwale nhlanzi. Kunezinhlanzi ezingama-102 kcal kuphela nge-100 g yezinhlanzi. Ukudla okuqediwe kuya ngendlela yokupheka.

I-rasp yezinhlanzi inomzimba omncane futhi ocindezelwe kamuva, lapho imishayo ebanzi futhi emnyama ibambene khona. I-dorsal fin yakhe i-grey, inomngcele omnyama omncane, uqine futhi ubude. Isisu nangaphansi kwekhanda kuphuzi.

I-Rasp fish inamagama amaningana kubantu. Abadobi bayibiza ngokuthi i-rasp ebomvu, i-lens yelok noma i-red perch. Ezimakethe zasemadolobheni, abathengisi bamane bayibize ngokuthi yi-perch noma i-rasp. Kodwa kusuka kochwepheshe uzokuzwa nge-Kuril inyoka noma i-rab unogwaja, ngoba ukuhumusha okunjalo kunegama lesiLatini lezinhlobo.

Izinhlanzi ezibanzi - isithombe

Le nhlanzi yaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu okungenani owake wayodoba e-Avacha Bay, imvamisa ibanjwa ezindaweni ezisogwini. I-Zaitsegolov ihlala kakhulu ngaphakathi, okungukuthi, engxenyeni esenyakatho, ehlangana ngasogwini lwase-Asiya, kusukela e-Yellow kuya esiphelweni Bese indawo yayo isuka ogwini lwaseMelika yonke indlela eya eCalifornia. Kepha imvamisa kakhulu itholakala emanzini aseningizimu-mpumalanga yeKamchatka naseziqhingini zaseKuril.

Izinhlanzi ze-Rasp zikhulu impela. Isisindo saso sidlula ama-2,5 kg, futhi ubude baso bungaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-55. Ukufuduka kwesizini kujwayelekile ku-rasp. Ekupheleni kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni, amanzi asogwini afudumele ngokwanele, futhi angena endaweni engajulile (ukujula kwamamitha angama-20-30) ukuze kuqhume. Indawo yomhlanga enamachashaza enhlabathi enamadwala indawo lapho kutholakala khona izinhlanzi ezi-rasp ngesikhathi sokukhula. Njengomthetho, igcinwa endaweni yezimila ezingaphansi kwamanzi, ngoba iyingxenye yamaqanda ayo.

Isikhathi sokukhula kwe-rasp sinwetshiwe impela, lokhu kungenxa yengxenye yokuqhuma. Ekuqaleni, abesilisa baqoqana ezindaweni ezinwebayo, bakhetha amasayithi afanele kakhulu. Abesifazane babhukuda bangene kulezi zindawo ezivikelwe, baqala ukusakazeka ngezingxenye. Ngemuva kokuthi ukuqedwa kuqedwe, izinsikazi zishiya indawo yokunwebeka. Kepha abesilisa bahlala beqaphe ukubumbana kuze kufike izibungu. Ukuvikela, kusale abantu abesilisa kuphela abanemibala ekhanyayo nabakhulu kakhulu. Ngemuva kokuthi amaqanda aphele, futhi lokhu kwenzeka kusukela ekuqaleni kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba, umhlanga oqonde ekhanda uqala ukusuka ogwini. Ungena ebusika ajule ngamamitha angama-300. Kepha izingane zakhe kuqala zihlala kwikholamu yamanzi, futhi kuphela ngemuva kokuthola usayizi othile lapho liqhubeka nendlela yokuphila ephansi.

Inhlanzi ye-Rasp iyamangaza. Ubuye ngesikhathi sokuhluma uyaqhubeka nokudla ngenkuthalo. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukudla kwakhe kufaka ama-crustaceans ahlukahlukene, izinhlanzi ezincane kanye nama-mollusks.

I-terpug ayideleli imfucuza, futhi ngisho noxhaxha lwezinye izinhlanzi luyasetshenziswa, njengoba, ngempela, lwabazalwane abanzi. Futhi kufanele ngithi i-caviar iyingxenye yokudla kwakhe.

I-Rasp fish yinto yabadobi basolwandle eKamchatka. Ubuningi bayo bukhulu bubonwa emanzini asolwandle aseNingizimu Southeast Kamchatka naseNyakatho Kuril Islands. Kwesinye isikhathi ihlangana emanzini asentshonalanga ngasogwini olusentshonalanga nasentshonalanga .. Ngokuvamile abantu abaningi babanjwa ngaphezulu kuka-1.5 kg bese kuthi kufike ku-49 cm. Uma nje kuqala ukushisa kwentwasahlobo, i-rasp ihanjiswa emanzini asogwini. Ekupheleni kukaMashi, ama-jambs awo avela ekujuleni kwamamitha angama-200, kuthi ngo-Ephreli avele aqhubeke eshalofini. Emanzini asogwini, izinhlanzi zibanjwa kalula, awukwazi ngisho nokuphuma ngesikebhe, kodwa vele ungene ujule emanzini.

Umzimba unciphile, ucindezelwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ohlangothini ngalunye ludlula imigqa engu-5 ye-lateral, eyodwa kuphela ebekwe ngaphezulu kwesisekelo, idlula phakathi komzimba. Imivimbo ebanzi nokukhanya okuningana kuyashintshana emzimbeni wonke. I-dorsal fin yinde futhi iqinile, ngwevu ngombala, enomngcele omnyama omnyama. Ngaphansi kwekhanda nesisu se-rasp yasenyakatho kuphuzi. Kuyinto yokudotshwa kwasolwandle eKamchatka. Okuningi kakhulu emanzini olwandle aseNyakatho Kuril Islands, eningizimu-mpumalanga yeKamchatka. Ngezikhathi ezithile zitholakala ogwini oluseningizimu-ntshonalanga nasentshonalanga yoLwandle iBering. Ifinyelela kubude be-56,5 cm kanye nesisindo esingu-2 kg. Imvamisa abantu ngamunye aze afike ku-49 cm no-1.6 kg ayabanjwa. Ihlala ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-300-500. Ngokuqala kokushisa kwentwasahlobo ngoMashi-Ephreli, iqala ukufudukela emanzini asogwini, ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, ogwini luvele ekujuleni kuka-200-250 m kanti ngo-Ephreli luya olwandle. Ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka ekujuleni okungaphansi kwamamitha angama-20, ezindaweni ezinamatye, ezindaweni ezinamajubane aqinile emazingeni okushisa ayi-1 -5 ° C.

Futhi lapho nje le nhlanzi ingabizwa! Abathengisi ezimakethe zedolobha lethu - nge-perch-rasp noma bamane nje badoba, abadobi kanye nabadobi abangama-amateur - abane-lenok yolwandle, i-red perch noma i-rasp ebomvu, i-ichthyologists - nge-Kuril, inyoka, futhi kaningi nge-rasp, njengoba yilokhu uhlobo lwayo lwesiLatin igama. Le rasp yaziwa kakhulu kunoma ngubani oke wakhetha ukudoba ngaphandle kwamasango e-Avacha Bay, ngoba, kanye ne-rasp esenyakatho, imvama ukubanjwa ngentonga yokudoba endaweni esogwini.

Ukhohloka olunamakhanda amhlophe lubhebhetheke engxenyeni esenyakatho yoLwandlekazi iPacific, luhlangana ngasogwini lwase-Asiya ukusuka kuLwandle oluLuhlaza kuya kuLwandle iBering, kanye nasogwini lwaseMelika oluseningizimu kuye eCalifornia. Kepha luningi kakhulu emanzini aseziKuril Islands naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeKamchatka. Le yinhlanzi enkulu ngokufanele, ubude bayo bufika ngaphezu kwama-60 cm, nesisindo somzimba - ngaphezu kwama-2,5 kg. Njengazo zonke ezinye izimbambo eziningi, amantshontsho we-rasp enekhanda elimhlophe ahlala kuqala kukholamu yamanzi futhi kuphela ngemuva kokufinyelela usayizi othile kudlulela kwendlela yokuphila engezansi. Lolu hlobo luphawulwa ngokufuduka kwesikhathi esishiwo isikhathi esithile, ngakho-ke ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni, lapho amanzi asogwini efudunyezwa ngokwanele, isondela ekuphaphalazeni endaweni engajulile yasogwini ifike kumuntu ongaphansi kwamamitha angama-20-30, lapho ihlala kakhulu endaweni egcwele umfula e izindawo ezinenhlabathi enamatye, imvamisa ngaphakathi kwebhande lezimila ezingaphansi kwamanzi, okusebenza njengendawo engezansi yamaqanda aseshonile.

Isikhathi sokukhula kwe-rasp enamakhanda amhlophe yide kakhulu, ngenxa yengxenye yokuqhuma. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi inqubo yokusabalalisa izinto imi kanje. Okokuqala, abesilisa, abahlala ezindaweni ezifanele kakhulu, bagxila ezindaweni ezinwebekayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, izinsikazi zifika ezindaweni ezihlala futhi zivikelwe yizo, ezihlanza amaqanda lapha ezingxenyeni ezithile futhi lapho seziqedile ukwenaba izindawo zokwenza ikhefu, kuyilapho abesilisa ababonakala ngokuziphatha kahle komhlaba behlala belinde ukubamba kuze kube yilapho kuboshwa izibungu, futhi ikakhulukazi okukhulu kunabo bonke futhi kunombala ogqamile kakhulu owenza lokhu. Ngemuva kokuphela kokukhula kwamaqanda amaqanda, lapho abesilisa bengazishiyi indawo ezinukayo, bexosha bonke abathandi ekudleni, bayothokozela i-caviar (kufaka phakathi abafowabo), ekuqaleni kuka maphakathi no-Okthoba, umhlanga ocijile osuka ogwini ubusika bujula ngaphezu kwama-200-300 m.

I-Zaycegolovy rasp iyinhlanzi eyindathane, edla ngokujulile ngisho nangesikhathi sokukhula (okusobala ukuthi kungani “ipecks” icishe iluphi uhlobo lokudla okukhwabene). Imvamisa le rasp idla ama-crustaceans ahlukahlukene (izinkalankala, ama-shrimps, njll.), Ama-mollusks nezinhlanzi ezincane, ayideleli imfucuza yezinhlanzi yokuhlanza kanye ne-caviar yezinye izinhlanzi (kufaka phakathi omakhelwane ababalekayo), edlala indima enkulu ekudleni kwayo.

Njengoba iyinhlobo encane kakhulu ehlala unyaka wonke ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinendawo enamathela kakhulu nenhlabathi enamadwala, i-harehead rasp ibanjwa ngamanani amancane, imvamisa ngokubanjwa lapho kudotshwa ezinye izinhlanzi ezingaphansi. Kepha unyaka nonyaka, lapho nje amanzi asogwini efudumele, uyaphinda futhi uthokozisa amaKamchatka angler "nokuluma" kwakhe okunamandla.

Inani lomsoco le-rasp

I-fillet ejwayelekile ye-perch-rasp inesisindo esingama-300 g futhi iqukethe amakhalori angaba ngu-330, iningi lawo ngamaprotheni kanti ingxenye encane kuphela ngamafutha. Le nhlanzi ingumthombo omuhle kakhulu wamavithamini B12 no-B6. Ukudla uhhafu we-fillet, uthola umthamo ophelele we-vitamin yokuqala futhi cishe ikota - owesibili. Ngokwesilinganiso esifanayo senhlanzi ebilisiwe, kukhona umthamo ophelele wamaminerali adingekayo njenge-selenium, futhi cishe uhhafu we phosphorus odingwa ngumuntu ojwayelekile nsuku zonke. I-rasp nayo icebile ku:

I-Ribofalvin, - i-nicotinic acid, - i-pantothenic acid, - i-folates, - i-thiamine, - i-Vitamin A, - i-magnesium, - i-potassium, i-zinc, i-sodium.

Amaprotheni ku-rasp agcwele, okungukuthi, aqukethe wonke ama-amino acid adingekayo kumuntu, noma kunjalo, amabili kuwo, i-methionine ne-phenylalanine, ngamanani okulandela umkhondo. Kuma-amino acid abalulekile, kodwa angenziwa esikhundleni sezinhlanzi, kune-arginine, esiza ukuphulukisa amanxeba, ukudambisa isibindi, nokuqinisa amasosha omzimba.

Inyama ye-perch-rasp ezimeni zayo zokunambitheka ayiphansi kuneyenyama ye-halibut noma i-salmon

Izici eziwusizo ze-perch rasp

Izinzuzo ezinkulu ezingatholakala ngokudla inyama ye-rasp zihlobene nezakhamzimba ezitholakala ngobuningi kule nhlanzi, okungukuthi niacin, phosphorus, selenium, potassium kanye namavithamini B6 kanye ne-B12.

I-Niacin, noma i-nicotinic acid, ibalulekile ukukhipha amandla emafutheni, amaprotheni nama-carbohydrate, ngaphezu kwalokho, inesibopho sokusebenza ngokufanele kwepheshana lesisu nohlelo lwezinzwa, kanye nesikhumba esinempilo. UPhosphorus uyingxenye yawo wonke amaseli, ikakhulukazi amathambo namazinyo. Ngokubambisana ne-sodium ne-potassium, i-phosphorus igcina ibhalansi esezingeni le-acid futhi isiza ekuqothulweni kwemisipha, i-nerve conduction, nokushaya kwenhliziyo njalo. Ngokubambisana ne-Vitamin E, i-selenium isebenza njenge-antioxidant, evikela amaseli emonakalisweni ngama-radicals wamahhala. Lezimbiwa zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-yegilo yegilo nasekusebenzeni kwamasosha omzimba.

I-selenium eyeqile ivezwa ukukhathala okujwayelekile, ukulahleka kwezinwele, ukukhungatheka kwesisu

I-Potassium igcina ukulinganisela kokuphuma kwangaphandle nangaphakathi emzimbeni, ivimbela ukulahleka kwamathambo, okungukuthi, ilwa namathambo kanye nezinye izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala emathanjeni, isiza ukunciphisa ingozi yamatshe ezinso futhi ibalulekile nasekuphenduleni okukhulu kwe-metabolic. IVithamini B6, noma i-pyridoxine, iyadingeka omabili amasosha omzimba nezinzwa ukuze alondoloze amazinga kashukela egazi ajwayelekile. IVitamin B12, kanye ne-folic acid, yehlisa izinga le-homocysteine, elimaza imithambo yegazi nemisipha yenhliziyo, okuholela ezifweni zenhliziyo.

I-Terpug yinhlanzi evela emndenini weTerpugov odumile ezweni lethu. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-sea lenok noma i-perch-rasp, noma i-rasp. Ufana nezinye izinhlanzi zalolu hlobo, amarog ahlala ezikoleni, akhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni eziphansi. Abantu abadala imvamisa abudluli ku-40 - 50 cm ubude, futhi isisindo sezinhlanzi esisodwa silingana nekhilogremu eyodwa nohhafu.

Ama-Terpugs awukudla okuyisidina kwezilwane eziningi ezincelisayo zasolwandle.
Ama-subspecies owaziwayo we-rasp ayaziwa njengamugqa owodwa, i-hare-head, kanye ne-brown, iJapan noma ibonwe futhi ibotshwe. Ngayinye yale mikhakha inezimpawu zayo, inezindawo zayo. Kepha zonke zigxile ogwini lwaseMpumalanga Ekude, Kamchatka, olwandle iBering. Kulapho lapho kuthunyelwa khona inyamazane eyinhloko kanye nentengiso yale nhlanzi.

Yini inhlanzi ebunjiwe ye-rasp - izakhiwo eziwusizo, izindlela zokupheka, amakhalori kuwo - ini? Ake sixoxe kabanzi ngemihlomulo yayo yezempilo, futhi silungiselele nezitsha ezimnandi kakhulu ezivela ku-rasp:

Izici eziwusizo ze-rasp

Inyama ye-Rasp inothile ngamaprotheni abaluleke kakhulu, angagaywa kalula. Inamafutha amaningi e-omega-3 anaturated. Lezi zinto eziwusizo zinomthelela ekuvinjelweni kwezifo zemithambo, zibe nomthelela omuhle empilweni yenhliziyo, futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kohlelo lonke lwenhliziyo.

Izinhlanzi futhi ziqukethe amavithamini: A, C, PP, iqembu B. Kukhona izakhi ezilandelwayo lapho: i-molybdenum, chromium, isibabule, kanye ne-iron, bromine nabanye abaningi. okunye. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-rasp ejwayelekile kusiza ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwezinzwa, kusebenze umsebenzi wengqondo, wobungqondongqondo.

Ingxenye yelebula lezinhlanzi elibilisiwe liqukethe umthamo ocishe ube nsuku zonke we-Vitamin B6, i-selenium, kanye nengxenye yedosi yansuku zonke ye-phosphorus. Futhi, le nhlanzi ingumthombo wemvelo we-iodine.

Ingabe ucebile inhlanzi e-rasp? Okuqukethwe kwekhalori

Inani lekhalori le-rasp liphansi kakhulu, yi-102 kcal kuphela nge-100 g yomkhiqizo abilisiwe. Kepha inani lamakhalori lingahluka, kuye ngendlela yokulungiselela. Isibonelo, inhlanzi ethosiwe inama-caloric amaningi, yize iqukethe namakhalori ambalwa - aze afike ku-330 kcal. nge-100 g yomkhiqizo.

Ungapheka kanjani i-rasp? Zokupheka zokupheka

Indlela ewusizo kunazo zonke, enempilo yokupheka i-rasp ukubhaka kuhhavini, ukubila, futhi ukugxusha. Futhi okugcwele okusajingijolo ngokugcwaliswa okuhlukahlukene - imifino, amakhambi, amaqanda, u-anyanisi o-okusanhlamvu, ulamula ngisho namantongomane amasha kaphayini. Namuhla sizopheka inhlanzi ebhakwe, futhi siphinde sitshale okukudla ngokugcwala okumnandi:

Ukupheka, sidinga: 1 isidumbu esincane se-perch, 2 tbsp. l ujusi kalamula, u-2 anyanisi, amakhambi amasha, usawoti, upelepele.

Hlanza inhlanzi, ususe okuphakathi, usike amagilebhisi (shiya ikhanda uqobo). Hlikihla kancane ngaphakathi, ngaphandle nengxube kasawoti, upelepele omnyama. Lubricate nge kalamula. Chop imifino, usike u-anyanisi emasongweni. Hlanganisa imifino kanye anyanisi, faka konke ngaphakathi kwenhlanzi.

Oyela isidlo sokubhaka. Beka inhlanzi emuva. Beka kuhhavini osuke usushisa kakade. Njengoba ubhaka, uthele phezu ujusi okuholela. Khonza inhlanzi eqediwe ngesaladi yemifino.

Sidinga inhlanzi ephakathi nendawo, iqanda elilodwa eluhlaza, 100 g yesinkwa rye (crumb), ingilazi eyodwa yobisi, u-1 anyanisi. Namanje lungiselela i-100 g yemayonesi, esixukwini esincane sedillion, i-cilantro. Ungakhohlwa ngosawoti, upelepele omnyama.

Faka izinhlanzi ezintsha noma ezisikiwe ebhodini lokusika. Ngendilinga, yenza ukusikeka okuncane esikhunjeni. Manje donsa isikhumba ngobumnene, uhlele eceleni isikhashana kupuleti ehlukile.

Hlukanisa i-fillet kusuka enhlanyelweni, skrola ngokusebenzisa Grinder yenyama. Beka imvuthuluka efakwe obisini ngaphambi kwenyama eyosiwe. Faka u-anyanisi oqoshiwe, amakhambi, shaya iqanda. Usawoti, upelepele, uxove kahle inyama egayiwe. Manje gcwalisa isikhumba senhlanzi ngobumnene nenyama nengulube. Zama ukugwema ukudwengula.

Beka izitsha noma ishidi lokubhaka ku-foil embozwe nge-foil, lapho uzobhaka khona. Lubricate kakhulu nge imayonnaise ngaphezulu. Beka kuhhavini osuke usushisa kakade. Bhaka cishe ihora elingu-1. Fafaza inhlanzi eqediwe ngamakhambi, ukhonze etafuleni.

Isaladi elibhemayo

Sizodinga i-rasp fillet ebunjiwe, amazambane amancane angama-4-5 abilisiwe, amaqanda ama-2 abilisiwe, ukhukhamba olu-3 nosayizi abaphakathi. Sisadinga isixha esincane se-anyanisi oluhlaza, amakhambi amasha, imayonesi.

Crash amazambane, amaqanda, ukhukhamba ku-cubes amancane, uthele endishini yesaladi. Faka u-anyanisi oqoshiwe lapho. Hlakazisa imvuthuluka ye-rasp ebunjiwe ibe yizicucu, ukhumbule okuncane, kubeke kwimifino. Usawoti ukunambitha (uma kunesidingo), gcwalisa nge-imayonnaise, hlanganisa. Fafaza ngamakhambi. Isaladi isetshenziswa njenge-appetizer yamakhaza ezimele. Isifiso sokudla!

I-Rasp fish: ukubukeka, indawo yokuhlala, ukuhlukaniswa

I-Terpug ngumhlambi wezinhlanzi zasemanzini, umhlaseli womndeni izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezi-ray, nayo iyingxenye yeqembu isikhumbuzo. Kubhekwa njengenhlanzi ebalulekile yezentengiso. Ikhula ibe imitha ubude futhi ifinyelela isisindo se 18 amakhilogremu. Inyama entsha ye-rasp ine-hue ephuzi noma eluhlaza.

Terpug kuyinto isifo - uhlala kuphela engxenyeni esenyakatho yoLwandlekazi iPacific. E-Russia, uhlala ngasogwini lweKamchatka, eBering Strait, olwandle oluseFar East. Le yinhlanzi ethakazelisa kakhulu ebukeka njenge-perch. I-terpug inomzimba omude, ophothiwe kamuva ngezikali ezincane, lapho kukhona imichilo eshintshashintshayo yombala onsundu omnyama uhlaka lwenhlanzi efana no-perch. I-dorsal fin yinde, iyaqhubeka, inegebe kwezinye izinhlobo.

Emvelweni, izinhlobo ezi-12 eziphambili ze-rasp ziyahlukaniswa:

1. UToothy.
2. Umugqa owodwa.
3. Ichithwe.
4. UBrown.
5. ENingizimu.
6. WaseMelika
7. Bomvu
8. IsiJapan
9. Imigqa.
10. Ichithwe.
11. I-scratchy.
12. Enyakatho.

Ukudoba ngama-Rack kwenziwa kusetshenziswa izicwilisa ezingezansi nemikhakha. Ukudobela ukuzilibazisa kuvunyelwe ngezinduku nezokudotshwa kwezinhlanzi. Esikhathini sokukhula, noma yikuphi ukudoba kuyenqatshelwe kuwo wonke umhlaba. Lapho iqhuma, i-rasp yeduna igcina amaqanda futhi iphathe kabi, ihlala ihlasela ngisho nokwehlukahlukana kwe-scuba.

Ukulimala okungenzeka

Kumuntu ophilile, inyama ye-rasp iphephile ngokuphelele. Kubantu abahlushwa yizifo, ukudla inyama yale nhlanzi kunemibandela eminingi yokuphikisana, njengoku:

• Ukungezwani komzimba ngenxa yokungakwazi ukubekezelela umkhiqizo ngamunye.
• Izinkinga ze-yegilo. Okuqukethwe kwe-iodine ephezulu kule nhlanzi kungaphazamisa uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, kwehlise izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, kudingeka izeluleko zochwepheshe.
• Kunezifo zesibindi.
• I-Hyperacidity noma isilonda sesisu. Kulokhu, akufanele udle i-rasp ebhemayo.

I-Terpuga akufanele idliwe ngumfazi esikhathini sokuqala sokuncelisa. Uma ingane ingenakho ukusabela komzimba, lapho-ke kuyondla inyama yalesi simangalo kusuka ezinyangeni eziyi-10. Kulokhu, inhlanzi kufanele ichotshozwe ku-blender. Kusukela esenezinyanga eziyi-16 ubudala, unganikela ngengane yakho izingcezu ezincane, azikho izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezi-3 ngenyanga.

Ngisho eminyakeni engama-50-70 edlule, isimo semvelo yolwandle sasisihluke ngokuphelele. Eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, abantu baphambanise imvelo kakhulu kangangoba ukudla okuningi, uma kudliwa ngokuqhubekayo, sekuyekile ukuba lusizo kubantu. Lokhu, kunjalo, kusebenza ezinhlanzini zasolwandle.

Ngokusho koMnyango Wezempilo wase-US, ubuthi bokudla kwezinhlanzi zasolwandle buholela kuhlu lwazo zonke ubuthi. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukuxilongwa okunjalo kungabulala.

Izinsimbi ezisindayo ziqongelela emanzini angcolile ezinhlanzini zezinhlanzi, zilimaze inani lazo langaphandle, futhi zithuthukise izifo zesibindi nezinso. Ososayensi baxwayisa: inhlanzi ezidla inyama, kanti i-rasp iyisisulu, iqukethe amakhemikhali amaningi, ngoba iyaphela iketanga lokudla. Imiphumela yocwaningo lwesayensi ikhombisa ukuthi izicubu, amathambo nezitho zangaphakathi zezilwane zasolwandle eziqukethe imithamo ye-zinc, i-cadmium, ukuhola, ithusi, i-arsenic, i-chromium, i-cesium-137, i-strontium-90, ne-zebusayidi, okudlula kakhulu izinga elivumelekile.

Sebenzisa i-rasp ekuphekeni

Lapho uthenga izinhlanzi esitolo, kufanele unake, okokuqala, ukuze ukubukeka kwesidumbu. Kufanele kube ngaphandle komonakalo. Ingaphezulu liyakwazi ukuqina, futhi izibuko azinaphunga. Kuyaziwa ukuthi i-rasp ebhemayo iyona emnandi kunazo zonke. Kepha eqinisweni, kunezindlela eziningi ongazisebenzisa ekuphekeni, isibonelo:

• Pheka izindlebe ngemifino.
• Bhaka kuhhavini ku-foil nge-ulamula.
• Stew nge isithombo, ayoliswe nge imbewu sesame.
• Ifakwe ebhulini.
• Bhaka ku-marinade yetamatisi.
• Usawoti.
• Gcina.
• Marinate.

Le nhlanzi ihamba kahle nofulawa, ama-breadcrumbs, u-anyanisi, izaqathe, amazambane, ikhukhamba, utamatisi, amakhambi, i-sunflower oil, ibhotela, ukhilimu, ukhilimu omuncu, ulamula, amakhowe, okusanhlamvu, amaqanda, ubhiya.

E-Russia, amabhizinisi athengisayo athengisa ama-rasp abanjwe olwandle lwaseMpumalanga Ekude. Lokhu kuvame ukuba yinhlanzi eqandisiwe. I-Terpuga ithengwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokupheka. Igcinwe esiqandisini esijwayelekile kungabi ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathuefrijini Inyanga e-1.

Vele, ngaphandle kwezinsolo zososayensi abakhuluma ngokungcoliswa kwezakhamizi zolwandle lwezinhlanzi ngezinto ezinobungozi kubantu, abantu abasazokubona esikhathini esizayo kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke bayeke ukudla izinhlanzi nokudla kwasolwandle. Kepha, okungenani, wonke umuntu akufanele akhumbule kuphela ngezinzuzo zezinhlanzi, kodwa futhi nangokulimala okungenzeka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlanzi zolwandle zinambitha kakhulu futhi zinempilo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma uzidla kakhulu, ngeke ziholele kunoma yini enhle.