Izinyoni zezinyamazane (i-Falconiformes, i-Falconiformes), ukuthathwa kwezinyoni, kuhlanganisa imindeni emihlanu (ama-condors, amanga, oklebe, onobhala, Skopiny), Izinhlobo ezingama-290. Ubude kanye nesisindo somzimba kusuka ku-15 cm no-35 g (i-falcon yengane) kuya ku-110 cm no-15 kg (Condor). Kusatshalaliswa emhlabeni wonke, ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica. Sebenzisa zonke izindawo zemvelo namathafa endawo. Uqhwaku luqinile, luboshwe ngokhuni. Isisekelo saso sigqoke umucu ongenalutho, onemibala egqamile, lapho kuvuleka khona okomlomo kwangaphandle. Izinyawo ziqinile ngezindala ezinde futhi ezibukhali. Iminwe yinde ngokulingana namaphampu ohlangothini lwesitshalo sokubamba inyamazane. Umzimba uqinile, iplamu liqinile, futhi lisondele emzimbeni. Umbala awukhanyi ngombala wethoni ezimpunga nezinsundu. Kwezinye izinhlobo ezondla i-carrion, ikhanda nengxenye yentamo kuyethusa. Umbala owesilisa nowesifazane ufana, kepha izinsikazi zikhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa. Emagungwini aseMelika, abesilisa bakhulu kunabesifazane.
Imindeni ye-squad
Ukudla kuqukethe izinyoni nezincelwane ezincane. Izinkozi ezinkulu zibamba izinkawu, ama-sloths, izinyamazane ezincane ngisho nezinja. Kunezinhlobo ezidla ikakhulu ezinhlanzini noma ezihuquzelayo (imvamisa izinyoka). Ukudla okwengeziwe (okuvamisile okuvame kakhulu) okuyi-arthropods.
Ama-Vtures namaqhubu adla ku-carrion. Uqhwaku lusetshenziselwa ukusika inyamazane, ngakho-ke imilomo enamandla kakhulu inikezwa okhozi oludla izinhlanzi, ibhekene nezikhudlwana ezinkulu, ezishelelayo futhi zimbozwe inyamazane eqinile yezikali, noma ama-scavenger. Bazingela abaqamekeli, bavame ukuqaphela inyamazane ekundizeni, abanye baphishekele emoyeni. Bahola indlela yokuphila yansuku zonke, ezinye izinhlobo - kusihlwa. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nezishubile, ingxenye yezinhlobo iyafuduka.
Kakhulu monogamous. Kwezinye izinyanga i-polygyny iyaziwa, kuma-buzzards - polyandry. Ngesikhathi izidleke, zigcinwa ngababili ezindaweni ezingazodwa. Abanye bahlala emakoloni (amabala, amabala amancanyana). Bobabili abazali bakhe izidleke zesikhulumi ezihlahleni noma emaphethelweni edwala avela emagatsheni.
Ama-Falcons asebenzisa izakhiwo zezinye izinyoni ezidla inyama noma ama-corvid. Izinsikazi zifaka amaqanda amaningi amaqanda angama-1-6 izinsuku ezingama-25-60, zithola ukudla okuvela emadodeni ngalesi sikhathi. Bobabili abazali bondla amachwane. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, amaphuphu esidlekeni esisodwa akhula ngokungalingani, futhi asebekhulile (futhi ngezinye izikhathi abazali) bavame ukubulala abancane. Amachwane amakhulu adla isikhathi eside ancike kubazali bawo. Ukuphela kwenkukhu yaseNingizimu Melika ama-harpy ukhozi (IHarpia harpyja) Uhlala esidlekeni cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Futhi ezinye izinyanga eziyisithupha, esevele azi ukuthi angandiza kanjani, uhlala eduze esidlekeni futhi uthola ukudla okuvela kubazali bakhe.
E-Russia, izidleke ezingama-46. Ukhozi lwegolide (I-Aquila chrysaetus) - ukhozi olukhulu kunazo zonke endaweni ehlathini nasezintabeni. Ukudla ngamathole ezinyosi nezinyamazane, amawa, izimpungushe, izinkuni, izingwegwe zomhlaba, amabala, izilonda, igreyini emnyama, amahansi, amadada, amabala. IGoshawk (I-Accipiter gentilis) kuhlala izindawo eziyizithulu zamahlathi anezimbali zakudala zamahlathi. Idla izilwane ezincelisayo nezinyoni. Ama-Gyrfalcons (I-Falco gyrfalco), ama-sakers (I-Falco cherrug), i-peregrine falcons (I-Falco peregrinus) bamba izinyoni emoyeni, zindiza ngesivinini esingafika ku-200 km / h. Umhlaseli ushaya ngomzimba wakhe wonke nemilenze.
Kutholakala enkabeni yeRussia i-buzzard ejwayelekile (I-Buteo buteo), kwi-tundra yasenyakatho kuyinto ejwayelekile umgijimi wasebusika (B. lagopus), emaqeleni - I-Buzzard (I-Buteo rufinus) Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ukuzingela ngezinyoni ezizingelayo bekulokhu kuvamile emazweni amaningi. Njengamanje, njengendlela yokuzijabulisa enkulu kakhulu, ihlala emazweni omhlaba wama-Arabhu. Ukuzingela kwamahhashi ngezinkozi zegolide kungabonakala eKazakhstan naseKyrgyzstan.