Umhlahlandlela wezinyosi uyinyoni encane ehlala e-Afrika naseNingizimu Asia. Njengoba igama libonisa, ngenxa yale nyoni ungathola izinkomo zezinyosi zasendle. Izinyoni zidla izibungu zezinyosi nezinyosi, kepha azikwazi ukuzifinyelela ngokwazo. Ngakho-ke, babiza ibheji lezinyosi noma umuntu. Ngenkathi "umlingani" elwa nezinyosi, iphini lezinyosi lidla i-wax. Lokhu akuwona wonke amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngenkomba yezokwelapha.

Izizwe eziningi zase-Afrika zazazi ngalesi sici se-index yezinyosi futhi zazifuna ngamabomu ukuze zithole uju. Ngemuva kokuzingela okuphumelelayo, ingxenye yezinyosi zezinyosi yasala inyoni. Ngisho namanje, lapho ungazalela ngokwakho izinyosi, izizwe eziningi zikwenza lokhu. Sizokhuluma ngokuthi ihlala kuphi inkomba yezinyosi, imaphi amanye amaphuzu athakazelisayo mayelana nezinyoni ezidla kuzo.

Amaqiniso angu-7 mayelana nesiqondisi soju

• Yinhlobo eyodwa kuphela eye yafunda ukucela usizo isilwane esikhudlwana. Izinhlobo eziyi-16 ezisele zithanda ukuhlala eduze kwesidleke bese zilindela othile ukuba azonakalise.
• Isisu senyoni lesi asikwazi ukugaya i-wax uqobo. Kepha ikoloni lezinyosi esiswini lihlala ikoloni lamagciwane asiza ukugaya ukudla kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwakhiwa.
• Abantu abadala banesikhumba esinyene kakhulu esingakwazi ukulunywa yinyosi eyodwa. Kepha bakhetha ukungazibeki ezingcupheni futhi bangahambi nokulwa nezinyosi zodwa.
• Yize lezi zinyoni bezaziwa umuntu kusukela kudala, azifundiswanga kahle. Izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zatholakala futhi zachazwa engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-20 futhi kuze kube manje azikaqalwa kufundwa.
• Ku-honey-pointer we-lyre-tailed, izimpaphe zigoqekile ngendlela yoqalo. Ngenkathi yokuzalela, indiza ngendlela yokuthi izimpaphe zenze umsindo owesilisa uheha owesimame.
• Lezi izinambuzane esidlekayo. Njenge-cockoos, aphonsa amaqanda ezidlekeni zezinye izinyoni. Iphuphu alixoshe “omakhelwane” esidlekeni, kodwa libabulala ngezinyo leqanda.
• Umhlahlandlela omkhulu kuphela woju, oheha abantu namabheji wezinyosi, onethuba lokudla uju njalo. Izinhlobo ezisele, ngenkathi kungekho ndlela yokonakalisa isidleke, inyamazane kunoma yikuphi izinambuzane.

I-3 ephezulu: amaqiniso athakazelisa kakhulu ngenkomba yezinyosi

1. Uhlobo lwesikhombi lwaqalwa ukubhalwa ngekhulu le-16. Isithunywa sevangeli esingaziwa sabhala ukuthi inyoni engaziwa idle wonke amakhandlela ukuze ikhulekelwe.
2. Imihlahlandlela yezokuxhumana idonsela ukunaka "kozakwethu" ngomsindo okhethekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, eceleni komgwaqo oya esidlekeni ngosizo lwemisindo ekhethekile, onobuhlakani obunemibala ukhombisa indlela eyiyo.
3. Le nyoni eyimfihlo futhi eqaphe kakhulu. Ubonakala kuphela uma yena ngokwakhe ekufuna.

Umhlahlandlela Wezindaba: Izitha Zemvelo, Ukuhamba Kwabantu

Emvelweni, izinkomba zoju azinazitha. Izidlamlilo empeleni azinendaba nenyoni encane. Usiza abantu abadla izinyosi ukuthola ukudla, futhi abagcini nje ngokuthinta abangane abanezinwele, kepha bangamvikela kumhlaseli. Ngakho-ke, izinyoni zalolu hlobo azihlushwa izitha.

Abantu futhi abathinti izinkomba zezokwelapha. E-Afrika, lezi zinyoni bezilokhu zihlonishwa njalo njengokuphela kwendlela yokunambitha amaswidi ku- "izwekazi elimnyama." Futhi abahlupheki ngokuxhashazwa kwesikhala namakhemikhali. Umhlahlandlela wezinyosi ungenye yezinyoni ezimbalwa ezingathwali ithonya lomuntu.

Imininingwane

Inyoni ekhomba uju - Inyoni yase-Afrika enesisindo esingu-18-20 cm futhi inesisindo esingama-gramu angama-50. Amanye amagama - u-Therapist wezinyosi, i-Honey Medication Index, I-Black-neched Honey Medication Index, I-Index enkulu Yezokwelapha, iMorok, Inkomba, i-Honey Medication Index ne-Bee Cuckoo. Kusatshalaliswa kabanzi e-Afrika. Phila impilo yokuhlala phansi. Ekuqalweni kokuqala ibukeka njengondlunkulu, kepha inombala omncane futhi egqamile. Umzimba uqinile, izimpiko zinde, umsila mfushane. Uhlangothi lwale nyoni lunombala onsundu ngombala, kanti uhlangothi olungaphandle lumhlophe qwa. Umphimbo umnyama, ibala elimhlophe grey eduze kwendlebe, ibala eliphuzi ehlombe ngalinye. Amaphiko anemisinga emhlophe emide emide. Umsila unsundu, kepha amabhangqana amathathu ezimpaphe zomsila amhlophe, futhi amathiphu kuphela ansundu. Amehlo ezinyosi zeHazel enendandatho enemibala ewuholayo. Uqhwathu unombala ophuzi ngombala, uqine, kepha awukhulu. Imilenze emifushane ngombala onsundu.

Isikhombi sezokwelashwa sathola igama laso ngenxa yesizathu. Uthanda ukudla isidlo se-wax (amakoloni wonke ama-bacterium ahlukahlukene kanye namagciwane amancane atholakala kahle esiswini sakhe, ebola i-wax esimweni esamukelekayo somzimba wenyoni) kanye nezibungu zenyosi, kodwa akakwazi ukukwenza ngokwakhe, ikakhulukazi lapho esesihlahleni esiyindilinga noma udaka. umgodi. Ngakho-ke, njengoba esethole umdanso, ubheka umgodi webheji lomlungu lomdaka wase-Afrika, lesi silwane sibizwa ngeRatel, futhi enze imisindo ekhethekile eduze naso. Isibi sihamba ngokuzithandela ngemuva kwenyoni futhi sonakalise indawo yokuhlala yezinyosi, sidle uju (ngesithandwa esikhulu salesi simangaliso esidliwayo), bese sishiya uju lwezinyosi siye ku-comrade enamaphiko. Ngakho-ke basebenza ngababili - ibheji lezinyosi nososayensi woju. AmaBhebhu, izinhlobo zemvelo, kanye nama-mongooses nakho kusiza umhlahlandlela wezokwelapha kule ndaba.

Ibonisa indlela eya ejugeni lezinyosi, inyoni indiza phambi kwebhokisi lezinyosi njalo yenza imisindo ekhethekile ebabayo, ngezikhathi ezithile ihlala phansi ezihlahleni, ifaka umsila wayo futhi ikhombise izimpaphe zangaphandle ezimhlophe, ngenkathi inika isilo ithuba lokuhambisana nayo. Futhi ibhegi lezinyosi elijaha inyoni liphendula ukukhala kwalo ngokugquma okungafani, imisindo ekhulayo noma ukukhala okuncane nokugigitheka. Lapho usondela esidlekeni sezinyosi, izwi lohlahlandlela lwezinyosi liya ngokuya lithandeka, kuze kube yilapho ekugcineni selingena ngokuqondile engcebweni eliyitholile. Lapho sesifikile esidlekeni, ibheji lezinyosi lisebenzisa izindunu zalo ezivelele ukudonsa izinyo ngaphambi kokuhlasela isidleke salo, ngendlela efanayo umlondolozi wezinyosi uhlala esebenzisa intuthu ukubhema izinyosi ngaphambi kokuvuna uju.

Izinyoni zeSavvy kwesinye isikhathi ziphendukela kumazanyana ukuthola usizo. Kepha into ethokozisa kakhulu ukuthi abantu abaphambuki ekusebenziseni inyoni. Isizwe saseBoran esihlala eNyakatho Kenya sisebenzisana isikhathi eside nenkomba. Baphatha le nyoni ngenhlonipho (ngemuva kwakho konke, kunciphisa isikhathi esithathayo ukufuna uju amahlandla amabili kuya kwamathathu) futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi bayishiya ijuju lezinyosi. Kwesinye isikhathi, umhlahlandlela wenyosi uholela abantu okhalweni lwezinyosi ezifuywayo, okufakazela ubumpumputhe bezenzo zabo okubonakala kunengqondo. Isici esimangazayo sesikhombisi sobusi - amandla okudla nge-wax - ukuyihlukanisa kuwo wonke ama-vertebrates, ayingqayizivele, ngaphandle kwale nyoni, ezinambuzaneni ezimbalwa kakhulu.

Abantu bendawo bathola ukushoda okuhlala njalo kokudla okunoshukela, ngakho-ke uju lwasendle lubaluleke ngokukhethekile. Phakathi kwabantu abaningi bomdabu, kuyisiko ukunikela ngamaqanda ezinambuzane agcwele uju, hhayi iziphuzo ezinamandla, kubavakashi abakhethekile. Isimenywa esigobekile singaphuza amalitha ayi-1-1,5 ngentokozo ku-swoop eyodwa eweni. Umuntu ojwayelekile wase-Europe endaweni elolu hlobo ngokuqinisekile angahlanekela ekufeni kwabantu abathathu, kanye ne-Afrika yangempela - injabulo nentokozo, ngoba iningi lezithelo zasendaweni zinambitheka omuncu futhi we-tart, futhi uhlala ufuna okumnandi. Kuma-Afrika, izinkomba zezokwelapha ziyahlonishwa futhi ziyahlonishwa kakhulu.

Isikhathi eside bekukholelwa ukuthi inkomba yezinyosi idla izibungu zenyosi kuphela. Kepha kwabe sekuvela ukuthi lokhu akunjalo. Izazi zemvelo zathola ukuthi le nyoni izwa i-wax, futhi yamangala: kwakwaziwa kahle ukuthi i-wax ayigaywa yijusi yezilwane! Baqala ukubhekisisa kakhulu, futhi bazibandakanya ocwaningweni oluhlosiwe, base bethola i-microflora yonke emgudleni wamathumbu wokucaciswa kwezinyosi - amagciwane akhethekile angabhubhisa i-wax.

Icala elihlaselayo lokudla amakhandlela e-altare okwenziwa inyoni engenangqondo lachazwa emuva ngekhulu le-16 ngumpristi wasePortugal. Wafika e-Afrika ngenhloso yezithunywa zevangeli, kwathi phakathi nenkonzo, lapho amakhandlela esha futhi esakaza iphunga elimnandi elizungeze indawo, inyoni yandiza yangena yazigoba. Le nyoni yaheha iphunga le-wax, okungukuthi iphunga, ngoba izifundo esezenziwe namuhla zikhombisile ukuthi ama-lobes obuchopho ababhekene nomqondo wokuhogela athuthukiswa kangcono kule nyoni kunakwabanye babafowethu.

Igayidi elikhulu lezinyosi lihola indlela yokuphila yemfihlo. Ngenxa yobukhulu nobukhulu bayo, icishe inconspicuous. Uchitha iningi losuku linganyakazi, ecashe ngamahlamvu aminyene emqhele wesihlahla. Kuya ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela lapho kuthatha khona ukubamba impukane ezindizayo noma ukujoyina isikhashana umhlambi ohlanganisiwe wezinyoni ezincane. Izinsikazi zesibonakaliso esikhulu sezinyosi zihlukaniswa emadodeni ngokwanda kwezithunzi ezinsundu ku-plumage kanye nombala wayo ojwayelekile okhanyayo. Kodwa lapho umuntu othola uju ethola isidleke sezinyosi, lapho ngokushesha ejabule kakhulu, ugxilisa umsila wakhe bese ukhala ngokuqhubekayo ukuheha ukunakwa kwabantu noma ibheji lezinyosi ukuze azithumele esidlekeni.

Isayensi yezinyosi inethalente elikhethekile lokuthola uju nezinyosi zazo zonke izinhlobo, ezitholakala ngamanani amakhulu e-Afrika. Abanye babo bahlala emiseleni yezinyosi, abanye bagcinwa emigodini yezihlahla, abanye bahlala emigodini nasemiseleni ngaphansi komhlaba, abayigcina ihlanzekile ngokucophelela futhi ifihlwe ngekhono kangangokuba kunzima ukuthola ngisho nalapho isendaweni yomgwaqo wezwe. Uju abaluthatha lapho luhle kakhulu njengoju lwezinyosi ezifuywayo; lube mnyama impela khudlwana kunokugcina. Lapho inyoni ekhomba uju idinga isidleke sezinyosi, ihlala emzileni wezwe, ishaye amaphiko ayo, ihlabelele uma ibona noma ngubani, izama ukuqonda futhi ikholise owokugcina ukuba alandele yena bese elindela ukuba ayibonise izindlu zezinyosi.

Uma ibona ukuthi iyalandelwa, indiza isuka esihlahleni iye kwesinye ize iye endaweni lapho kutholakala khona uju. UmAfrika ukhetha inyosi, kepha akasoze ehluleka ukushiya ingxenye enhle yayo kunyoni, kodwa kuphela ngokwenele ukwenelisa isifiso sayo, ngoba ngenxa yalokhu, elinde umvuzo omkhulu kakhulu, inyoni izokuyisa kwesinye isidleke, uma kukhona Kwamakhelwane. Ekuseni nakusihlwa yisikhathi esibonakala siyifanelekela kakhulu imisebenzi yakhe, okungenani ngaleso sikhathi ukhombisa intshiseko ethe xaxa, edonsela ukunaka kwabakwaBushmen namaHottentots kanye naye we-chirping exher-herr.

Ngesikhathi sokuzalela ukusuka ngoSepthemba kuya kuJanuwari, lezi zinsikazi zenza indiza enhle njengamanje: ukundiza phezulu, ukuhlela phezulu naphansi, ukusikisela nokuncipha kancane kancane, izinyoni zenza umsindo ngezimpawu ngamaphiko noma ngomsila, into enjenge- “zhur-zhur, zhur-zhur” ". Futhi ihleli esihlahleni eside eduze kwesifazane, kuvela owesilisa “kuye”, amemeze “Wik-Turr, Wik-Terr, Vit-Turr” cishe izikhathi eziyishumi ngomzuzu. Abesilisa baheha abesifazane ngezingoma zabo, kepha bahlukane ngokushesha kakhulu futhi nabashadikazi abakheki.

Enye indlela ehlukile yenyoni ekhomba uju ukuhlasela kwesidleke. Inkomba yoju izalela amaqanda ezidlekeni eziyize, ikakhulukazi ezihlotsheni zayo eziseduzane - izintshebe nezinkuni. Amathoyizi asanda kuzalwa anendawo ebukhali ekugcineni kwemilomo yawo. Lapho nje eshiya iqanda, iphuphu le-honey-pointer ngokwemvelo laphula amaqanda asele. Uma amanye amachwane ekwazi ukudonsa phambi kwakhe, khona-ke uhlwitha ngokungenacala abantu abaqondile besidleke ngomlomo wakhe obukhali, awenzele amanxeba okufa abese ebabulala. Futhi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, uhlala esidlekeni yedwa, futhi igwegwe elifeza injongo yakhe ngenxa yokukhula okungalingani kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zoqhwaku liyanyamalala. Izinyoni ezikhomba uju zazibekela iqanda elilodwa esidlekeni, ngaphandle kwalokho izithwetshi eziboshiwe zazizoqala ukubulalana. Ngakho-ke, abazali abakhulisa izingane bondla kuphela inyosi ekhomba uju. Isikhathi sokuphila kwezinkomba ezinkulu zezokwelapha endle cishe iminyaka engama-6-7.

Ngabe isebenza kanjani inyoni nesilo?

Izinkomba zoju bahogela u-wax, futhi babalandelela ngephunga nokucabanga kwezinyosi ezindizayo "ukuhlala". Kodwa ochwepheshe bezokwelapha uqobo abahlaseli izidleke zenyosi. Abakwazi ukukwenza nokucabanga ngokomqondo, bafundile "Ukudonsa ukushisa ngezandla ezingalungile".

Ezindaweni lapho usosayensi wezinyosi noju lwezinyosi, izinyosi zasendle zihlela "izindlu" emhlabathini. Lapho nje inyoni ithola isidleke sezinyosi, ibheji lindizela emgodini. UFlutters phezu kwakhe uyamemeza: "Churr-churr!", Ngokukhala okukhulu, umema ibheji ukuthi ilandele indawo yokuhlala yezinyosi. Uyakuqonda ukuthi yini le nto, uphume ngokushesha emgodini futhi ugijime ngokushesha nge-geit esindayo yenyoni. Futhi uchwepheshe wezinyosi uzophuma esihlahleni aze esihlahleni alinde ibheji, ngenkathi egijimela phezulu. Ngaso leso sikhathi, inyoni ikhala ingaphenduli.

Ngakho-ke kusuka esihlahleni kuya esihlahleni, umhlahlandlela woju uletha ibheji emgomweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibheji liyakwazi ukukhwela izihlahla ukukhipha izidleke zezinyosi zasendle.

Inyosi ibulala isidleke senyosi bese iluvuselela uju lwayo nezibungu. I-wax ayinendaba naye.
Futhi udokotela wezinyosi uthola wax yakhe ayithandayo. Wonke umuntu unentshisekelo yakhe.

Isiqondisi semidiya nendoda.

Abaqondisi bezindaba basebenzisana ngempumelelo hhayi kuphela namabheji, kepha nabantu.

Kuma-Afrika, indlela yokukhipha uju lwasendle isilondoloziwe kuze kube namuhla. Bangabantu abaqaphelayo, kudala bazi mayelana nobungani bembadane nenyoni, futhi bona ngokwabo bangenela umfelandawonye nochwepheshe wezokwelapha. Ngokuvamile, ibheji yathathelwa indawo. Futhi usosayensi wezinyosi usebenzisana nabo ngentshiseko: kuholela ezidlekeni hhayi zobumba kuphela, kepha nezinyosi zesihlahla.

Lapho inyoni inquma ukuba ngumqhubi, indiza kumuntu futhi iqale ukuqhekeka. Ilinde umuntu ukuthi asondele. Amanothi akhe aqhekeka afana kakhulu nomsindo owenziwa ibhokisi elingapheleli lemidlalo uma ulinyakazisa.

Umhlahlandlela wezinyosi uvame ukuhlala egatsheni elihhumayo futhi ungagcini ngokukhala kuphela, kodwa futhi uhehe ukunaka komzingeli ngokubukeka kwawo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, usosayensi wezinyosi usakaza amaphiko akhe ukuze imivimbo ephuzi emahlombe akhe ibonakale kahle, futhi nomlandeli usakaza umsila wakhe.

Lapho umuntu eza futhi, inyoni indiza amamitha ayi-10 - 10 kwesinye isihlahla. Imifantu ngokuqhubekayo, ilindile "Uzakwabo", futhi lapho nje isondela, izophinda indize futhi, ngakho-ke iphinda kaningi ize iqondise lapho kuhlala khona inyosi. Ngenkathi umuntu elwa nezinyosi, i-pointer yezinyosi ihleli ohlangothini, ilinde ngesineke kusuka emizuzwini eminingana kuya kwehora elilodwa nesigamu kuze kube yilapho umuntu ethola loluju. Abazingeli bezinyosi ngokuvamile, ngesimo somvuzo, bashiya ingxenye yezinyosi ze-wax kumhloli woju. Abantu bayahamba, bese inyoni indiza iye ekudleni esisele kuyo bese iqala ukudla kwizibungu zenyosi noxha lwezinyosi.

kanjalo, manje sesiyazi ukuthi kunenyoni enjalo - inkomba yezokwelapha. Izinyoni ezingavikeleki ezidla izibungu nezinyosi zezinyosi zasendle. Indiza ihamba emahlathini nasemathafeni, isesha izindlu ezingaphansi komhlaba nezindawo zezinyosi zezinyosi, kepha ayazi ukuthi izitshabalalisa kanjani, ifike esidlekeni. Futhi lapho sesitholile isidleke, umhlahlandlela woju uyandiza uyofuna umfelandawonye, ​​futhi kungaba yindabuko, umuntu, noma ibhere - bonke abangaguquki ekudleni uju, kepha abakuthola kunzima ukuthola isidleke. Umhlahlandlela wezinyosi uholela "umlingani" esidlekeni, wonakalisa izinyosi, ukhiphe uju, inyoni idle izibungu ne-wax.

• Ekuxhumaneni ne
• Facebook
• KuTwitter
• Ofunda nabo

Umlondolozi wezinyosi onamava kweminyaka engama-30 yesipiliyoni. Umshini womshini. Ukubamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zobuntombi. Kukhona i-oda le-Red Banner of Labour. Njalo ephuthuma ukwenza imisebenzi emihle.

I-Penguin inyoni eqabulayo!

Elinye lamaphuzu okufanele siwabone ohambweni lwethu oluya e-Argentina kwaba: ukubona amaphinifa eduze. Kunezindlela ezimbili zendabuko zalokhu: ukubhuka eNhlonhlo yeValdez kanye nohambo olusuka e-Ushuaia. Kodwa-ke, ngoFebhuwari, iValdes ayisona isizini impela - ayikho imikhomo, futhi ngokunengqondo bekungasilungele kangako. E-Ushuaia, bekukhona nezithiyo ezimbili: inani nohlelo. Noma ungahlehli esikebheni nhlobo (ukudabuka), noma uhambisane nenkampani kuphela evumela ukufika (ama-150US $ umuntu ngamunye, ungasondeli nakuma penguins).

Ngenxa yalokho, nganquma ukuthi ngamaphengwini sizoya edolobheni lasePuerto San Julian. Hhayi indawo yezivakashi, yokuba neqiniso. Uhambo luhlelwe yinkampani eyodwa. Nawu umkhumbi wethu:

Sekukonke, bekunabantu abayi-9 ababesesikebheni, kubonakala sengathi umuntu othile ubhalisele futhi indiza yesibili.

Ngenkathi uhamba ngesikebhe esiqhingini unamaphinifa, umuntu wayengabuka izilwane zasolwandle.

. amahlengethwa, namaphengwini ayaqhuma. Kwakungenakwenzeka ukuthi bazithwebule izithombe, ngoba amahlengethwa ayeshesha kakhulu, futhi namaphiniphu ancipha isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba isikejana sisondele ngokwanele.

Kepha kusukela esikebheni ubonile ukubona komuzi (bobabili). Izindiza (izindiza zazisuselwa lapha ngesikhathi sempi kaMalvinas).

. kanye nemifanekiso yomkhumbi kaMagellan:

Ungagibela ugibele, kukhona imnyuziyamu encane, emuhle, kepha engeyona isithombe. Inani lezivakashi zakwamanye amazwe lingahlulelwa ukuthi umnakekeli ucele ukumthatha isithombe nathi. :) Kepha ngiphambukile esihlokweni. Ngakho-ke, safika esiqhingini:

Ngokushesha uzizwe njengomlingiswa ezincwadini zeJues Verne: esiqhingini, ihlathi lasendle, izinkulungwane zezinyoni ezingabesabi nhlobo abantu.

Kuliqiniso, kulokhu kufanele ubheke idolobha - liseduze kakhulu:

Amabhuqe ahamba kulesi siqhingi esidlekeni. NgoFebhuwari, ukukhula okuncane kungabonakala ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene zokuncibilikisa.

Ngaphezu kwamaphengwini, ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni zihlala lapha:

Sasinesikhathi samahhala esiqhingini: ukaputeni kuphela wasicela ukuthi singayi kude.

Ungasondela kangakanani kuma-penguins? Yebo, yebo kunjalo:

Iningi lizolile kakhulu, kepha abanye, lapho bebona umuntu osondelayo, baqale ngokunikina amakhanda ngokuthukuthela.

Ngobucasha fihla ngekhono emagatsheni ezihlahla.

Ibhonasi engeziwe kwakuwukuvakashela amakoloni amabili e-cormorant.

Amawa ansundu ngaphansi kwamadolo awo awawona amadwala. Lokhu kungumthombo obaluleke kakhulu izimpi ezake zalwelwa - i-guano. Kuliqiniso, ungqimba lwawo lincane lapha, futhi iphunga alizange lizwakale ngokuphelele. Lapha asizange siye olwandle, kepha izinyoni zaziseduze ngokwanele.

Ekoloni lesibili, inani labantu lalincane kakhulu. Uhlobo oluhlukile nje lwe-cormorant.

Enye into enkulu yalolu hambo yintengo: sanikela cishe ngamadola ayi-110 ngamakhulu amahlanu. Futhi ntambama sihambe ngezinyawo ngasogwini ngomgwaqo omnandi ngokuphelele, kodwa ngaphezulu kulokho okulandelayo.

I-Pischa

IPisukha iyinyoni encane kusukela ku-oda kaPasseriformes, omele

mfokaPhumukh. Engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba, amapayipi ahlukahlukene, umsila ubomvu, kanti isisu simhlophe ngombala. Izimpaphe zomsila omude futhi zilukhuni ziyamsiza ukuba aqhubeke eqondile phezu kwesiqu sesihlahla. Uqhwaku mude, futhi lugobile. Ukudla kufakiwe esigabeni sezinyoni ezivamile emahlathini ethu, kodwa akuwona wonke amabanga abamba iso.

I-Pika iyinyoni ebukeka kabi. Ngenxa yombala weplamu, ungokoqobo

ihlangana negxolo lezihlahla zehlathi. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane, le nyoni kufanele idle kusukela ekuseni kuze kube kusihlwa, ngakho-ke ihlala ihambahamba futhi ifuna ukudla.

Indlela yokuhamba esiqwini sepika isikhumbuza kakhulu ukubamba okuthile. Kepha munye

umehluko obalulekile - isebenza kuphela kusukela ezansi kuya phezulu. Ukufika

omunye umuthi wokudla, lesi sidalwa esinemibala siyakubamba

womhlaba uqobo futhi uqala uhambo lwawo olusheshayo lubheke phezulu. Futhi ngakho ngaphandle kokuma. Kepha akathandi ikakhulukazi ukundiza.

Isikhathi sokuqala ngibone i-pika kwaba ngo-December 28, 2018. Yebo, yebo, leyo yindlela engiwukhumbula ngayo lo mhlangano kuze kube manje, ngoba isithombe sakhe sokuqala sifakiwe emgomweni wami othinta isithombe we- “isithombe-zebest” wale nyoni. Ngokusobala, nami bengimthanda, ngakho-ke kusukela ngaleso sikhathi i-pika yahlangana njalo emehlweni ami. Kuyahlekisa, kepha imvamisa le nyoni iyakwazi ukubona ngokunembile ngombono we-peripheral. Ngoba, ngenxa yobungcweti bokufihliza, uyakubona ngokwengeziwe ukunyakaza, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ekhoneni lamehlo.

Futhi, isigamu sezithombe asihambanga kahle ngesikhathi sokulayishwa

Zaryanka

Le nyoni enhle inamagama amaningana. Umhlaba umazi njengentathakusa, irobhothi, ukusa, kokusa. Kodwa ngesizathu esithile ngithanda ama-zaryanka kuphela.

IZaryanka iyinyoni encane, engaba ngu-14 cm. Isisindo somuntu omdala singama-gramu ayi-15 kuphela, amaphiko asuka ku-17 kuye ku-20 cm.

Izimpaphe zithambile futhi zithambile, ungaqini amanga emzimbeni, yingakho i-zaryanka ibukeka iyindilinga impela futhi ifudumele, njengelendle. Le nyoni inemilenze emide eqinile, igxuma ngokushesha emhlabathini. Inyoni ngokwayo ingwevu, ibunzi, umphimbo, isifuba nengxenye yekhanda kungololintshi, kanti isisu simhlophe.

Ngokokuqala ngqa ngathola i-zaryanka entwasahlobo ebandayo ka-2017. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kungabi yiqhwa, kwakudingeka ngihambe kakhulu ehlathini. Ngenxa yalokho engake ngathola khona leli bhola elibushelelezi, elinamahlwili lihleli egatsheni. Ngendlela, ama-zaryanki abekezela ngabangaphandle, futhi kwesinye isikhathi angathwebula kahle eduze. Zitholakala kulo lonke leli hlathi kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba.

UZaryanka unezwi elithandekayo futhi uhlabelela kusukela ekuntweleni (yingakho igama) kuze kuhlwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu bobabili ubulili bayacula, okuyinto engajwayelekile kumakhwaya ezingoma. Kanye ne-bluethroat ne-reed-badger, uphakathi kwabalandeli abathathu bezingoma zakhe - usabela ngokuqinile ocingweni oluvela ocingweni. Ngesikhathi sonyaka, ukuzalaniswa ngaphansi kwalesi isembozo somsindo, ngakwazi ukusondela kuma-zaryanik endaweni ebangeni elingenalutho, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-2. Ngasikhathi sinye, babelalela “mina” ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa, futhi babephendula ngokunqamula. Uthini, imikhuba emihle, hhayi njengokuxhashazwa kwe-Nightingale.

Lo nyaka ngiqale ukuhlangana ne-zaryanka ngokoqobo kosuku lwayizolo, yingakho nginqume ukuyibhala.

Ezithombeni ezi-4 zokugcina, kunentsha.

Uju olunesihlungu noma “oludakayo”

Ubuthi, noma "udakiwe", uju baziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Umkhuzi wasendulo ongumGreek nomlobi uXenophon wase-Athene ukulandisa okungokomlando u-Anabasis (ukubuyiselwa kwamaGrikhi ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10 avela e-Asia Minor) uhlala ngokuningiliziwe kusiqephu lapho amasosha adle uju eColchis egula: "Sekukonke, akukho lutho lapha olungadangalisa ukumangala, kepha bekukhona amashele amaningi, futhi wonke lawo masosha adle amakhekheba ezinyosi alahlekelwa ukwazi, ahlanzwa, kwaqala ukuhanjiswa yisifo somzimba, ukuze kungabikho muntu osamile.

Obedle okuncane, wabukeka njengomuntu odakiwe kakhulu, owayedla okuningi, ebonakala sengathi uyahlanya, abanye baze bafa. Kwakuneziguli eziningi, njengokungathi ngemuva kokwehlulwa, ngakho-ke lokhu kwaletha ukudumazeka okuningi. Kepha ngakusasa akekho noyedwa owashona, kwathi ngasikhathi sinye (lapho iziguli zadla uju) zaqala ukwenama, zakhuphuka zaya kolwesithathu nolwesine njengokungathi ngemuva komuthi. ”

Uju lweRhododendron lunokunambitheka okungathandeki .. Abafuyi bezinyosi ezindaweni ezithile zaseBatumi, engekude nezindawo okwenzeka kuyo ubuthi obuchazwe yiXenophon, bavame ukuphoqelelwa ukusebenzisa i-wax kuphela, ngoba ukudla uju kubangela isiyezi, ukudakwa, nokugabha.

Ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingxenyeni eziphakathi nendawo nasenyakatho neJapan, ukusetshenziswa kosuku loju kubangela isifo kubantu abahambisana nesenzo senkathi enobuthi eqoqwe izinyosi ezivela esitshalweni se-heatsutsai kusuka emndenini we-heather. Kufakazelwe ukuthi uju oluvela ezimbali ze-azalea, aconite, andromeda luqukethe izinto ezinobuthi.

A. M. Gorky endabeni ethi “Ukuzalwa Komuntu” wabhala: “. emigodini yamabhele amadala nezindunduma ungathola uju "odakiwe", okwakucishe kwabulala amasosha uPompey the Great ngobumnandi bakhe bokudakwa, njengoba ebeke phansi ibutho lezinsimbi amaRoma, izinyosi zenza lokhu kusuka ezimbali zelealle nase-azalea. "

EMpumalanga Ekude, izinyosi zakha uju olunobuthi ngokuqoqa umpe kusuka kuzimbali zesihlahla se-hepatic heather (Chamaedaphus calyculata Moench.). Lesi sihlahla sihlanganisa indawo yezinkulungwane zamahektare, sakha amathanga amakhulu: siqhakaza izinsuku ezingama-20-30 futhi sinikeze izinyosi ukuya ku-3 kg uju ngosuku lomndeni owodwa wezinyosi. Uju olunamashidi ansundu aphuzi, ngandlela thize anomunyu, lukhala ngokushesha. Ukusetshenziswa koluju lwezinyosi kudala ubuthi kumuntu, kuboniswe ngokubonakala kokujuluka kwamakhaza, ukubanda, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ikhanda. Ukuqashelwa kukhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-100-120 g yaloluju lwezinyosi kwenza umuntu alahlekelwe ukwazi, i-delirium. Uju oluvela esithebeni esishisayo alunangozi ngokuphelele ezinyosini. Ukondla loluju lwezinyosi ehlobo nasebusika akuzange kube nomphumela olimazayo.

U-I.S. Molochny ngonyaka ka-1951 wabika ukuthi izinyosi ziqoqa uju “odakiwe” endaweni yaseKhabarovsk kusuka ezimbali zaseLedum (Ledum palustive L.), isihlahla esincane esikhula ezindaweni ezinomhlotshana nezindawo ezinotshani. Izimbali ezimhlophe eziqoqwe kushejana, ngephunga eliqothulayo, ziheha izinyosi. Kusukela kumpetha abaqoqiwe benza uju olunoshevu. UDairy uhlongoze indlela yokunciphisa uju “odakiwe” ngokushisa amahora amathathu ekushiseni okungama-80-90 °. Ngasikhathi sinye, uju luyashukunyiswa, lungalivumeli ukuthi libilise. Ukushisa isikhathi eside uju kubhubhisa izinto ezinobuthi, bese kuba yinto edliwayo. Kodwa-ke, ukungathathi hlangothi ngokushisa isikhathi eside kuholela ekulahlekelweni ukunambitheka okumnandi kwezinyosi. Kulokhu, uK. Sh. Shashashidze (1951) waqhamuka nendlela yokunciphisa uju "odakiwe" ngokushisa ngeqondo lokushisa elingama-46 ° kanye nengcindezi engu-67 mm. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine yonke impahla yayo.

Ezinye izibonelo eziningi zingashiwo ezifakazela ngokukholisayo ukuthi izinyosi zidlulisela izinto ezinobuthi ziye oju kusuka kumpetha wezitshalo ezinoshevu. Izinyosi ngokwazo minyaka yonke zidla loluju olunobuthi ngaphandle kokuzilimaza. Lokhu kubukwa okwenzeka emakhulwini eminyaka kuqinisekiswa ngokuhlolwa kwezilwane. Kusungulwe ukuthi uju olunobuthi aluhlukanga empahleni yalo koju olujwayelekile, kepha luqukethe into ebangela ubuthi. Izimpawu ezibonwe ngesikhathi zinoshevu uju olujuxu ziyahlangana nezimpawu ezichazwe eminyakeni engaphezulu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili nguXenophon. Uju olunoshevu lubizwa nangokuthi “udakiwe” ngoba umuntu oludlile ubonakala enesiyezi, isicanucanu kanye nemikhamba. Umuntu onjalo ufana nomuntu odakiwe.

Noma kusuka kulolu hlu olungaphelele kuyacaca ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa kakhulu zoju ezikhiqizwa izinyosi ezivela ekufumbathiseni okungokwemvelo zezitshalo eziqhakaza kakhulu eziqhakaza izimbali. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bakwazile ukuthola izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-85 ezintsha zoju lwezokwelapha ezinamavithamini, ezingakwazi ukuthola izinyosi zemithombo yemvelo. Le ndlela yokuthola uju lwezinyosi ngokuya ngemiyalelo yomuntu ibizwa ngokuthi yi-Express. Izinhlobo ezintsha zoju ezitholakala eMpumalanga Ekude, e-Asia Ephakathi, e-Urals naseSifundeni SaseMoscow zisibonakalisile isithembiso sendlela ebonakalayo.

Ibheji lezinyosi noju lwezinyosi

Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-Honey Badger: ,,

Izinyosi zihlala ogwadule ezinenhlabathi eminyene, ezintabeni, ezigodini zemifula kanye namathangi e-tugai. Ibheji lezinyosi liyisilo esikhulu kunalokho, ngokubukeka kwalo lifana nebheji noma inja encane. Ubude bomzimba webheji lezinyosi buyi-65-80 cm, umsila ungamasentimitha angama-18-25. Isilinganiso esilinganiselwe sabadala sisuka kuma-23 kuye kuma-28 cm ukuphakama. Isisindo sabesilisa kwesinye isikhathi siba ngu-9-12, kepha singafinyelela ku-16 kg. Abesifazane bancane kakhulu - kufinyelela ku-6-9 kg. Isidumbu sebhegi lezinyosi siyaphakama, sinemisipha, imilenze imfishane, iqinile, inezihlakala ezibanzi, ngakho-ke ihamba ngokungathi iyakhamba emilenzeni yayo emifushane, ijika umhlane iphakamise umsila wayo phezulu.

Imilenze yangaphambili yebheji lezinyosi ihlelelwe ukumba, iminwe yazo ihlome ngozipho oboniswe ngenca kusuka emaceleni ubude (4-5 cm). Phakathi kweminwe kunama-membranes amancane. Izinyawo zinemicamelo engenalutho. Ikhanda likhulu, lithambile, izindlebe ziyancishiswa: ukuphakama kwama-auricles kufinyelela ku-10 mm ubude. Ebusika, ijazi lide, kepha liqinile futhi alinamaqabunga. Isikhumba sesilo sikhulu impela, futhi ngaphansi kwawo kunemithombo ebalulekile yamafutha angaphansi. Abesifazane banezimbambo ezimbili zezingono. Akukho okusobala okusobala kocansi.

I-bad badger iyi-carnivore encane eyishumi enedumela njengesilwane esingesabi kakhulu naphezu kosayizi wayo omncane. Waqokwa ngisho naseGuinness Book of Record ngonyaka ka-2002 ngokuthi "Isilwane Esisesabi Kunazo Zonke Emhlabeni." Kunokuhlaselwa okwaziwayo kwesigaxa sezinyosi ngisho nasemabhubesini amancanyana, okwagcina ngokudabukisayo kwabokugcina. Isibindi sebheja lezinyosi sisekelwa emihlathini enamandla, izindlawu eziqinile zangaphambili, nesikhumba esiqinile ngokukhethekile, esinobukhulu obungu-6 mm entanyeni. Isikhumba esisemzimbeni sikhululeka ngokungafani nalutho, okuvumela ibheji lezinyosi ukuba lisonteke kalula emzimbeni wakhe wokuhlanganisa ukuze libambe isitha esimhlasele.

Ibhegi lezinyosi linomqondo omnandi wokuhogela, futhi libona isilwane lifihlwe emhlabathini, liyema bese liqala ukugaya umhlabathi ngezihlakala zangaphambili. Ukuzingela ama-squirrels, ama-hedgehogs namafudu, lesi silwanyana simba umhubhe onobubanzi obungama-20- 33 cm, ubude obuyi-100-200 cm kanye nokujula kwamasentimitha ayi-100-120. Simbambe ufudu ku-hibernation ekujuleni kuka-30-70 cm, sisabalalisa inhlabathi kuzo zonke izindlela futhi ushiye umgodi obunjwe nge-funnel. Udla izimfudu ngendlela eqondile - ngaphandle kokulimaza igobolondo. Inyoka, njengoba kubonisiwe, inyoni idla ekhanda.

Kepha odla uju naye udla uju, yize lokhu kwenzeka njalo - lapho ekhubeka ezidlekeni zezinyosi noma ezindlebeni zakhe efuna ukudla. Njengoba sifaka isidleke, sidla izibungu zalezi zinambuzane noju. Encwadini ka-A. I-Bram's "Life Animal" ihlinzeka ngale ndlela yokuzingela uju lwezinyosi: "Ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga, uhlala egqumeni, avikele amehlo akhe ngovalo lwangaphambili oluvela elangeni, futhi aqaphe ukubuka kwezinyosi eduze. Ngokubona ukuthi ezinye zazo zindizela ngapha nangapha, ibheji lezinyosi, zixhuga, ziyabalandela, bese ziphinda zibuka izinyosi bese ekugcineni zifika esidlekeni sezinyosi, emva kwalokho kuqala umzabalazo wokuphila nokufa. Kuyiqiniso, izinyosi zigxoba isitha ngesifiso saso, kepha isikhumba esimbozwe izinwele ezisindayo kanye nongqimba lwamafutha angamakhompiyutha avikela ngokuphelele abaphangi kulokhu kuluma. "

E-Afrika, ibheji lezinyosi livame “ukubambisana” nenyoni ethakazelisa kakhulu, inkomba yezinyosi (Inkomba yenkomba) evela ku-woodpecker oda. Ukuthola isidleke sezinambuzane zomphakathi, isikhonkwane sezinyosi siyakhala ukuze sidonse ukunaka kwesilo (noma umuntu). Ibonisa indlela eya ejugeni lezinyosi, inyoni indiza phambi kwebhokisi lezinyosi njalo yenza imisindo ekhethekile ebabayo, ngezikhathi ezithile ihlala phansi ezihlahleni, ifaka umsila wayo futhi ikhombise izimpaphe zangaphandle ezimhlophe, ngenkathi inika isilo ithuba lokuhambisana nayo. Ngokusho kofakazi, ibhegi lezinyosi elijaha le nyoni liphendula ngokunxusa kwayo ngokuzwakalayo, imisindo ekhulayo noma “ukukhala okuncane nokugigitheka.” Ngokusho kukaBram, "njengoba sisondela esidlekeni sezinyosi, izwi lohlahlandlela lwezinyosi luya ngokuya luthakazeka, futhi ekugcineni lehlela ngqo engcebweni elitholile."

Lapho isifikile esidlekeni, ibhegi lezinyosi lisebenzisa izindunu zayo ezivelele ukudonsa izinyo ngaphambi kokuhlasela isidleke salo, ngendlela efanayo umlondolozi wezinyosi uhlala esebenzisa intuthu ukuze atshise izinyosi ngaphambi kokuvuna uju.

Isisekelo sokubambisana kwesichibi sezinyosi nesihlahlandlela sezinyosi sinambitheke okwehlukile: uma ibheji lezinyosi lidla uju, izinyosi nezibungu zazo, khona-ke lapho uju luhola umhlahlandlela onqweneleka kakhulu yi-wax, ongalungele ngokuphelele izilwane eziningi. Eziswini zalezi zinyoni, i-wax iphenduka ifomu lokugaya kalula futhi lokugaya ukudla ngenxa yamagciwane akhethekile ayimpawu.

Mayelana ne-SYMBIOSIS NE-SYMBionTS - KULULA

Ku-biology, i-typiosis (kusuka kwelamaGreek elithi "Symbiosis" - "life ndawonye") ibizwa ngokuthi ukusebenzisana kwezilwane ezimbili noma ngaphezulu lapho bobabili abahlanganyeli bazuza khona, * bobabili bathola okuthile *. Ngizokunikeza izibonelo ezimbalwa ukuze ukwazi ukucabanga ukuthi kumayelana nani. E-Afrika, kunesilo esibizwa ngokuthi "ibheji lezinyosi." Ubukeka njengesibi, kepha imikhuba yakhe iyi-bearish - ecishe ibe yinqaba, kepha ngaphezu kwakho konke uyalithanda uju. Ijazi lakhe limanzi, ngakho-ke kungenzeka angangesabi ukugwazwa yinyosi. Kuliqiniso, uyakwazi ukuziphindisela ngoju ngokuvamisile - hamba uyothola isidleke senyosi, ngoba awugijimeli okuningi emilenzeni emifushane. Futhi e-Afrika kuhlala inyoni enkulukazi undlunkulu obizwa ngokuthi "umhlahlandlela wezinyosi." Udla izinambuzane (kufaka phakathi izibungu zezinyosi), kanye noju futhi, ngokungathandeki ngokwanele, i-wax. Ngokwemvelo, izinyosi azinamdlandla ngokudla okunjalo futhi lapho zizama ukungena esidlekeni, le nyoni izogxotshwa ife. Ngakho-ke, i-honey-pointer enobuqili, esethole isidleke sezinyosi, ayihambi lapho izokufa, kepha iqala ukuyofuna ibheji lezinyosi - bese imholela esidlekeni. Ibhegi lezinyosi likhipha aminyosi yezinyosi futhi lidle uju, futhi ibheji lezinyosi lidla izinsalela zoju, izinyosi ezifile kanye noju lwezinyosi. Ngenxa yalokhu, wonke umuntu ugcwele futhi anelisekile (ngaphandle kwezinyosi, kunjalo), ngoba wonke umuntu wakuthola akufunayo.