Njengoba usunqume ukuba nonogwaja, okokuqala kufanele unqume uhlobo lokuzalela. Kukhona eziningi zazo futhi ngayinye inezimpawu zayo. Cabanga ngezinhlobo ezidumile zonogwaja bokuhlobisa:
- Angora
- I-Hermeline,
- Izimpungushe zezimpungushe
- Inqama yedada,
- I-Dwarf Rex.
Onogwaja base-Angora bangabanikazi boboya obude nobushubile. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zohlobo lokuzalela - onogwaja baseBelgian, French, Australia naseGerman. AmaBelgians anezinwele ezinde kakhulu, ifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha ayi-8. AmaFluffies anomlingiswa odlalayo nonothando.
Ummeleli omncane kakhulu wombuso wonogwaja yiJalimane eyiRabi. Isisindo somzimba wesilwane esidala akuvamile ukuba ngaphezu kwe-1,2 kg. Ijazi laso likhulu, libushelelezi, licwebezile, umbala walo mhlophe. Amehlo wesilwane angase abe aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma abomvu. Ukukhetha okuhle kwemindeni enezingane noma abantu abangashadile.
Onogwaja be-Fox bakhangwa izinwele zabo ezinde ezinhle ze-orange hue. Lezi yizilwane ezincane ezinhle ezinomlingiswa okhalazayo. Uma uzoba nonogwaja onjalo eflethini lakho, kufanele ube ukulungele ukuhluza izinwele zakhe njalo, uma kungenjalo uzoba nezingodo ezizogawulwa.
Ukunaka! Ezimweni ezingavamile, onogwaja be-fox banolaka.
Inqama ye-Dwarf imele isikhwama sombuso woRabi. Lezi zilwane zikhulu kancane kunezinhlobo ezibalwe ngenhla, isisindo somzimba wazo zifinyelela ku-1,8-2 kg, kwesinye isikhathi okuncane kakhulu. Inqama ye-Dwarf - umnikazi webhantshi elihle elifushane, kodwa eliminyene lemibala ehlukene. Izindlebe zakhe zifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-28. Umlingisi uzolile, unokuthula. Lokhu kuzalanisa kufanele imindeni enezingane.
IDwarf Rex isilwane esinezinwele ezimfushane. Lezi zilwane zinhle futhi ziyahlekisa, uthando lothando. Inketho efanelekile kulabo abangenaso isikhathi esiningi sokunakekelwa kwezinwele.
Ukukhetha amaseli
Ukukhethwa kwekheji kufanele kusondele kubo bonke ubucayi, ngoba kulo isilwane sizosebenzisa isikhathi esiningi sokuphila kwaso. Okufanele unake:
- Usayizi. Ikhaya lomvundla wokuhlobisa kufanele libe likhulu - cishe izikhathi ezingama-4-5 ubukhulu bezilwane ezifuywayo uqobo. Ngaphakathi kwekheji elihle kukhona ugqoko, umkhombe we-hay, isitsha sokudla, indlu yokulala, ngakho konke lokhu kunendawo yamahhala yokunyakaza nemidlalo yezilwane ezifuywayo.
- Ikhwalithi yezinto zokwakha. Kungcono ukunikela ngokuthanda ikheji elenziwe ngensimbi ngethayela elihle, akufanele lidwetshwe. Amaseli eplastiki avame ukuqukethe ukungcola okulimazayo, ngenxa yokuthi isilwane singaba nokungezwani komzimba.
- Ezokuphepha. Indawo yokuhlala unogwaja akufanele ibe nemininingwane ebukhali, ngaphandle kwalokho isilwane sizolimala.
- Amandla wesakhiwo. Iseli kufanele lihlale okungenani iminyaka engama-3-4. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi onogwaja bazoququda imininingwane yekhaya labo.
- Phansi. Kungcono ukukhetha ikheji elinepansi elibushelelezi, hhayi elifilelisiwe, uma kungenjalo imilenze yamathenda yesilwane iyahlupheka. Ngenxa yethenisi phansi, onogwaja kwesinye isikhathi bahlakulela isifo - i-subdermatitis.
Ithiphu. Uma izilwane ezifuywayo eziningana kufanele zigcinwe, kungakuhle ukuthi unikeze ngamunye wazo ikhaya elihlukile. Okuqukethwe okuhlanganyelwe kwabesilisa ababili abahlaseliwe, onogwaja abavela kudoti noma kowesifazane nowesilisa, kuyamukeleka.
Ukukhetha kwesihlalo
Unogwaja wokuhlobisa efulethini uzozizwa ukhululekile uma ukhetha indawo efanelekile yokubeka i-cage. Izilwane ezifakiwe ziyasaba amakhaza, okusalungiswa nokushisa okukhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, bangafa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane zinamahloni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ikheji kufanele lifakwe endaweni eseceleni lapho isilwane sizoleka khona.
Onogwaja ekheji
Izindawo ezingafaneleki zekheji:
- Iphaseji yepaseji lapho izingane zigijimela khona, kufike abantu abangabazi.
- Igumbi lokulala lezingane. Ingane ingaqala ukungezwani nokuxhumana njalo nesilwane.
- Ikhishi.
- I-loggia ebandayo. Uma i-balcony ingafakelwe insimbi, isilwane sizobanda. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokugcina onogwaja bokuhlobisa ukusuka ku-+16 kuya ku- +24 degrees.
Ungafaka ikheji egumbini lokuhlala, lapho wonke umndeni ubuthana khona ukuphumula okuhlangene nokuxhumana. I-loggia ekhanyisiwe futhi efakiwe isisinqumo esihle. Akekho ozohlukumeza unogwaja lapho, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikheji alikho kokusalungiswa noma elangeni eliqondile. Izindlu zonogwaja zibekwa kangcono endaweni ephansi noma ezinyaweni, kunokuba kufakwe phansi.
Kubalulekile! Ikheji akufanele lifakwe eduze kwe-air conditioner noma ama-radiators.
Ukusungula okwengeziwe
Ngaphezu kwezindlu, unogwaja uzodinga eminye imishini ezomsiza azizwe ekhululekile. Iziphi izinto okudingeka uzithenge, unquma ukuthola unogwaja wokuhlobisa:
- Ugqoko - munye noma ngaphezulu. Kufakwa omunye ugqoko ngaphakathi kwekheji, omunye efulethini. Indlu yangasese kufanele ibe nezinhlangothi eziphakeme ezinhlangothini ezintathu ukuze i-filler ingachitheki iphumele ngaphandle. Khetha ugqoko olubanzi ukwenza kube lula ukuthi unogwaja ulisebenzise.
- Isitsha sokuphuza. Izitolo zezilwane zithengisa abaphuza onogwaja abazenzakalelayo. Usizo lwabo ukuthi ngeke lushintshwe, lunamathele kwigridi yeseli, futhi amanzi lapho ahlala emusha isikhathi eside. Umuntu ophuzayo angenziwa ngezandla zakho ebhodleleni lepulasitiki.
- Umhlengikazi we-hay. Nsuku zonke, hay ifakwa ekudleni kwalowo owaziwayo. Ukudla Kwansuku Zonke - I-bun esayizi-isilwanyana. Ufakwa emkhombeni okhethekile wokudla. Abahlengikazi bathengiswa ezitolo, ezinamathele ekheji noma ezibekwe phansi. Inketho yokuqala ilula kakhudlwana.
- Bowl for feed eyindilinga. Onogwaja bayaselula, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukukhetha isitsha esindayo, okunzima ukusigumbuqela. Kuyafaneleka ukubheka inketho yesiphakeli esibekwe odongeni lwamakheji.
- Ukuthwala. Isithwali seplastiki ngokuqinisekile sizodingeka ngumnikazi wesilwane uma sidinga ukusiyisa kudokotela wezilwane ayohlolwa noma ukugonywa.
- Amathoyizi Unogwaja wokuhlobisa uthanda ukuchitha isikhathi ngenkuthalo. Kufanelekile ukubeka amathoyizi amaningana ekhejini, isibonelo, isondo noma amadivaysi ahlukahlukene - ilebhu, amatagi. Isilwane esifuywayo sizothanda ukudlala nabo - nibble, run, disassemble, mwanzo.
- Indlu yomvundla. Ngokuqinisekile isilwane kufanele sibe naso lapho sinendawo lapho singacasha khona engozini noma siphumule nje. Indlu encane ibekwe ekheji.
Indlu yomvundla
Ungayinakekela kanjani unogwaja wokuhlobisa?
Ukunakekela unogwaja wokuhlobisa efulethini kufaka ukunakekela impilo yakhe, kubandakanya isimo samazinyo akhe, uzipho kanye nejazi. Isilwane kumele sinikezwe umsoco ofanele. Kubalulekile ukuthi ugonywe ezifweni eziyingozi ngesikhathi, futhi kwizimpawu zokuqala ze-malaise zikhombisa unogwaja kudokotela wezilwane.
Ukunakekelwa kwenhlabathi
Kumvundla wokuhlobisa, izipikili zihlala zikhula. Zidinga ukuklanywa ngama-nippers akhethekile anomkhawulo wezinsuku njalo emavikini ama-3. Le nqubo izogwema ukulimala okungadaleka kukho unogwaja uqobo lwayo kanye namalungu omndeni. Ukuze unciphise izindwani, udinga ukucela usizo lomuntu ovela ekhaya. Isilwane esifuywayo sibanjwa siqinile ukuze singagxili. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kunengozi enkulu yokuthinta imikhumbi esesisekelo sezipoko.
Ukunaka! Lapho usika izindwani, shiya ubude obungu-2 mm ukuze ungalimazi ama-capillaries. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ngengozi, ungamisa igazi usebenzisa uvolo wokotini ofakwe kusisombululo se-hydrogen peroxide (3%).
Ukunakekelwa kwezinwele
Uma unogwaja wokuhlobisa unezinwele ezinde kakhulu, zihlanganise nsuku zonke ngebhulashi ekhethekile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kwakhiwa ama-warlocks, okungelula kangako ukuwasusa.
Ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, okwenzeka kunogwaja kabili ngonyaka, kubalulekile ukuhlanganisa izinwele kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze isilwane, ngenkathi sizikhotha, singenazo izinwele ezanele. Lokhu kuyingozi ngoba kungaholela ekuvinjelweni kwendlela yokugaya ukudla.
Ukunaka! Onogwaja abazi ukuthi buqhuma kanjani uboya, njengamakati.
Akunakwenzeka ukugeza isilwane esihlobisa, ngaphandle uma amakhemikhali ayingozi empilweni athola ijazi lawo. Kwezinye izimo, lesi silwane sivunyelwe ukugeza kancane.
Umsoco
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha umsoco onogwaja wokuhlobisa. Kufanele athole ukudla okuhlanganisiwe, okuqukethe zonke izinto namavithamini adingekayo emzimbeni. Ngokuya ngeminyaka yobudala, isilwane sizodinga izipuni ezi-1 kuya kwezi-3 zokudla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hay kufanele ihlale ikhona ekhejini. Akusizi kuphela ohlelweni lokugaya, kepha kuyasiza nokugaya amazinyo. Ngokwesilinganiso esincane, ungaphatha unogwaja ngotshani obuluhlaza, uwomile kancane emoyeni. Abantu abesabekayo bathande:
Unogwaja kuma-dandelions
Imifino kufanele ibe khona ekudleni komvundla wokuhlobisa. Banikezwa kancane, ukudla okunjalo kusebenza njengomthombo owengeziwe wamavithamini. Ungaphatha isilwane sakho nge izaqathe ezintsha, amashukela abilayo, i-zucchini, ikhukhamba kusuka engadini yakho, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema. Izithelo zinikeza onogwaja bokuhlobisa ngamanani akhawulelwe. Unganikeza ucezu lwe-apula, ubhanana ngaphandle kwesikhumba, ama-sitrobheli, ama-currants. Awukwazi ukunikeza iklabishi eliningi - kunomthelela ekwandeni kwegesi.
Ukuphakelwa kwamagatsha nakho kubalulekile kwabangaziwa. Ngenxa yakhe, izilwane zigaya amazinyo. Njengokwelapha unogwaja, amagatsha e-maple, acacia, willow, bush currant, ama-raspberries afanelekile
Ukunaka! Unogwaja wokuhlobisa awukwazi ukudla ukudla okuvela etafuleni lomuntu - inyama, isoseji, i-pasta, isinkwa esisha namakhekhe, amaswidi, ukudla okulula, izithelo zomndeni wamawolintshi, amabhuzu abomvu.
Izifo ezingaba khona
Onogwaja izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zinezifo ezingatheleleki. Bayakwazi ukugula futhi bafe ngisho ngenxa yokwesaba. Kungakho kufanele unake impilo yabo. Yini abagula nayo:
- Izifo ezithathelwanayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi - pasteurellosis, myxomatosis, coccidiosis, rhinitis, ringworm, stomatitis.
- Izifo zeParasitic (ezihlaselayo). Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-helminthic, i-psoroptosis (amabala), amabafu.
- Izifo ezingathathelanayo. Lokhu kufaka ukulimala, i-frostbite, umkhuhlane, ukushisa ngokweqile, i-mastitis, ubuthi, izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, i-flatulence, i-subdermatitis, i-eczema.
Cabanga ngezimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-malaise, lapho uqaphele ukuthi yini okudingeka uxhumane nodokotela wakho wezilwane:
- ikhala eligobhozayo, ukuthimula,
- i-lacrimation, ukuphuma kwe-purring kusuka emehlweni, izinkophe ezvuvukayo,
- ubuso obumanzi
- ukugaya izinyo
- ukulahleka kokudla noma ukwenqaba ukudla nokuphuza,
- ukuqhakaza
- ukuntuleka kwendle noma isifo sohudo,
- Izigaxa emzimbeni, ekhanda, amabala esikhunjeni.
- ukulahleka kwezinwele kuya kokwehlukaniswa, izindawo eziyimpandla,
- ukubukeka okucindezelekile
- Izinwele ezingasebenzi kahle
- ukuphefumula ngokushesha.
Noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu zingakhombisa isifo sonogwaja. Awunqikazi ukuzithola, ngoba lezi zilwane zingafa ngokushesha.
Ngemuva kokuthatha isinqumo sokuthola unogwaja wokuhlobisa, kufanele ukale ngokucophelela konke, ngoba kudinga ukunakwa okuningi. Kubalulekile ukuqapha ubumsulwa esitokisini, bunikeze ukondleka okufanele, banakekele izinwele nezinzipho, futhi busilaphe uma kutholakala isifo. Konke lokhu akudingi isikhathi kuphela, kepha futhi nezindleko ezithile ezibonakalayo.
Umehluko phakathi konogwaja wokuhlobisa nalowo ojwayelekile
Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi onogwaja bokuhlobisa bahluka kubantu benyama ngesisindo somzimba - ezimweni ezingavamile, isisindo sabo singaphezu kwamakhilogremu amane. Izilwane ezikwi-dwarf zikhula kuzo zonke cishe amakhilogremu ayi-1.5 (ngasikhathi sinye, onogwaja "abajwayelekile" abanesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-8-10).
Phakathi kokungafani kungahlukaniswa nobude bezindlebe zezinduku. Ngaphandle kokuthi kunezinhlobo ezithile zohlobo lwe-lop-eared, ubude bezindlebe zabantu abahlobisa cishe ngamasentimitha angama-5-7, kuyilapho kokujwayelekile kungamasentimitha ayi-17-20.
Izinwele zabantu abanjalo ziwugqinsi futhi zithambile, zivame ukuba nombala ongajwayelekile, yingakho abanye abafuyi bezithelo bezalanisa onogwaja bokuhlobisa ngenhloso nje yokuthola uboya.Kepha, imvamisa, lezi zilwane zisebenza njengezilwane ezifuywayo ezinhle, ngoba azithobeki ekunakekelweni, zithanda umuntu, zinemvelo enhle futhi zihlakaniphe.
Ukuhlobisa onogwaja
Umfuyi wesikhathi esizayo udinga ukunquma kusengaphambili ukuzalanisa kwama-rabi wokuhlobisa ahlelelwe ukuthi azalwe. Lezi zilwane zivame ukugcinwa ezimeni ezifuywayo noma kwelinye igumbi elifudumele. Sizocubungula izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zabantu - ziyehluka kumzimba, umbala, kanye nezimpawu zomlingiswa.
Ithebula 1. Izinhlobo ezithandwayo zokuhlobisa nemivundla emifushane.
Ukuzala, isithombe | Incazelo |
---|---|
Enye yezinhlobo ezidumile zonogwaja bokuhlobisa, okuvela okokuqala eHolland. Isisindo esivamile sezilwane imvamisa singamakhilogremu 1.5. Umbala ungaba mpunga, onsundu, ube mnyama. Lezi izinduku ezisebenza kakhulu ngokuqinisekile ezingeke zihlale. Noma kunjalo, onogwaja abangamaDashi banobuhlakani, bahlala beya ezandleni zomnikazi. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, izilwane ezifuywayo zalokhu kuzalaniswa zingaphila cishe iminyaka engama-8-10. | |
Lolu uhlobo olusha olusha olwavunwa abafuyi abangamaDashi. Isici esihlukile sezilwane ukudonsa izindlebe, kepha aziweli ngokushesha, kepha kwaphela amasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokuzalwa. Isisindo sabantu abadala cishe singamakhilogremu ayi-1,6, onogwaja be-lop-eared bahlala cishe iminyaka engama-7-8. | |
Lokhu kungabameli abancane kakhulu bohlobo - isisindo somzimba wabo sifinyelela ku-1.5 kilos. Zinezinwele ezithambile kakhulu (zingaba zinde noma zimfushane - kuya ngezindlela ezingaphansi). Lokhu kungabantu abadlala kakhulu, basheshe banamathele kumuntu, bangakhombisi ulaka. Noma kunjalo, kungcono ezinganeni ezincane ukuthi zingadlali ngamagundane anjalo, ngoba zinomzimba omncane entekenteke kakhulu, kanye nokuxineka noma ukuphonsa unogwaja, ingane ingamlimaza kakhulu. | |
Izilwane zalokhu kuzalaniswa zinombala oyingqayizivele, ukuze "butterflies" kulula ukuyihlukanisa kwabanye abantu. Umbala woboya kule mivundla emfushane umhlophe qhwa ngamabala amnyama afana nezimpiko ze uvemvane. Ngokwesilinganiso, abamele lokhu kuzala banesisindo esifinyelela kumakhilogremu ayi-1,7. Banobungane, bathintana kalula, kepha babhekwa njengabamakhasi, ngakho-ke kunconyelwa ukuzala kuphela kubalimi abanolwazi. | |
Ngokubukeka, izinwele zonogwaja ezinjalo zifana nezinwele ze-beaver - zinobukhulu, bucwebezela, bunamahlumela ngaphansi kwengalo zakho. Ama-rewar rex anesisindo esincane - ukusuka ngekhilogremu elilodwa. Uboya bunemibala ehlukahlukene: amabala, ansundu, amnyama noma amhlophe. Isimo salezi izinduku sizolile impela, bajwayele kahle abantu, bathande abantu, bathintana. | |
Kule nogwaja, umbala owodwa kuphela owabiwa - mhlophe qhwa. Lona ungomunye wonogwaja abancane kunazo zonke, omzimba wabo ufinyelela ku-900 amagremu. UHermline isilwane esifanelekile. Onogwaja balolu hlobo lokuzalela banobumnene kakhulu, bazolile futhi bafuna ukwazi. Kulula ukuzijwayeza izandla, kanti nokuziphatha kwazo kufana nokuhamba ngezinyawo. | |
Isici esahlukile sokonogada walesi sizalo yi- "mane" - izinwele ezifudumele ekhanda. Imibala ehlukahlukene yengubo iyatholakala, kufaka phakathi okungavamile - i-orange, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isisindo somzimba wezilwane sifinyelela kumakhilogremu ayi-1,6. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi onogwaja “bengonyama” bavame ukuzalaniswa njengezilwane ezifuywayo, akunconywa ukuvumela izingane ezincane ukuba zingene kuzo. Ukusuka ngokunyakaza ngokuzumayo noma ukumemeza, unogwaja angaba nokwesaba, ngenxa yokuthi uyoziphatha ngokuhlukumeza futhi angaluma ingane. |
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isilwane esinempilo sanoma yikuphi ukuzalaniswa kwehlukaniswa yizimpawu ezinjalo:
- ijazi eliminyene, elikhanyayo
- ngamehlo acacile ngaphandle kokukhululwa
- umzimba oqinile,
- ukukhuluphala
- umsebenzi.
Izilwane ezinempilo azihlali endaweni eyodwa, zihlala zizungeza ikheji noma i-aviary
Izici zokuqukethwe kogwaja okuhlobisa
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukubheka izici ezilandelayo zokuqukethwe kwabantu abathile:
- Onogwaja abakubekezeleli ukushisa, ngoba lezi zilwane azithuki nhlobo (noma ngabe kunamazinga okushisa amancane we-zero bazizwa kangcono). Izinga lokushisa elilungile kakhulu lokuhlobisa onogwaja lisuka ku-17 liye kuma-22 degrees.
Ngokushisa okukhulu, amabhodlela eqhwa afakwa emakhejini nezilwane
Ungayikhetha kanjani izinhlobo zohlobo lomvundla wokuhlobisa?
Izinhlobo zezinja zokuhlobisa zihlukaniswa:
- ngesisindo imizimba (enkulu, ephakathi nencane)
- kanye nobude bejazi (unezinwele ezinde, ezinezinwele ezijwayelekile nezinwele ezimfushane).
Izilwane azifani ngokubukeka kuphela, kepha futhi nesimo. Ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa azihambisani kahle futhi zingaletha inkinga enkulu kumnikazi we-novice. Cabanga izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zonogwaja abancane.
Angora umvundla omncane - izinwele ezinde. Ngokubukeka, izilwane zalokhu kuzalanisa zifana nesigaxa se-fluff esivele ezindlebeni zaso. Ngisho isigaxa simbozwe izinwele ezinde (kufika ku-20 mm). Lezi onogwaja badinga ukunakekelwa njalo labour: izinwele zidinga ukulungiswa nsuku zonke, futhi ngesikhathi sokuncibilika - nsuku zonke, ngaphandle kwalokho izigaxa eziwile kuzodingeka zisikwe. Onogwaja base-Angora bakalwa ngosayizi ophakathi, kuze kube ngu-1600. Lokhu kuzalaniswa kunconyelwa ukulethwa kulabo asebevele benolwazi lokugcina onogwaja.
Angora umvundla omncane
Unogwaja ophethwe yibhubesi imvelaphi yaseBelgium. Abamele lolu hlobo lokuzalwa bangabanikazi benethiwekhi kanokusho ehlobisa intamo, kuyilapho izinwele zomzimba zimfushane. Labo abafuna ukuthola isilwane esinezinwele ezinde, kepha bengakulungele ukusebenzisa isikhathi esiningi benakekela uboya, kufanele bakhethe onogwaja abaphethwe yibhubesi. Isisindo sezilwane zabantu abadala yi-1000-1600 g, imibala yehlukene. Onogwaja abaphethwe libhubesi bazolile, bathanda uthando, bazwana nezingane.
Unogwaja ophethwe yibhubesi
Unogwaja omfishane we-Fox, ngokungafani nekhanda elikhanda libhubesi, licishe limbozwe ngokuphelele ngezinwele ezinde nobude (kuze kube ngu-7 mm), kuphela isihlakala esishelelayo. Isisindo esijwayelekile yi-1200 g, imibala ejwayelekile kakhulu ibomvu noma nsundu, kepha miningi. Ama-Forelags amafushane ngokweqile. Onogwaja balokhu kuzalanisa bobabili banolaka futhi bahle. Onogwaja be-Fox akufanele bakhethwe njengezilwane ezifuywayo ezinganeni, zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela.
Unogwaja omfishane we-Fox
I-Hermline - Imhlophe ngokuphelele, ijazi elijwayelekile. Lezi onogwaja banezindlebe ezincane, intamo emfushane - izici ezibanikeza ukubukeka kwento yokudlala ebukekayo. Izilwane zincanyana, isisindo asidluli ku-1500 g, kepha imvamisa singaphansi kwekhilogremu. I-Hermline ayibekezeleli kahle ukushisa, lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho ukhetha indawo yekheji noma i-aviary. Konke okunye akunakuzithoba, kepha kunhlanhlatha kakhulu, ukuqala abafuyi bokwalusa ngezilwane ezifuywayo ngeke kube lula.
Unogwaja we-hermline
I-Rex (Royal Dwarf) - unezinwele ezimfushane, uthambile kakhulu uma uthintwa, u-plush fur, onjenge-chinchilla. Izinhlobonhlobo zemibala ziyahlaba umxhwele: izilwane zingaba zemibalabala, zombili zombili futhi zinamabala. Abamele lolu hlobo lokuzalwa bathambekele kakhulu ezifweni zesikhumba kunabanye, ngoba banomsebenzi omncane wokuvikela isikhumba. Isisindo kufika ku-1500 g, isici sesici - amadevu acishe angathuthukiswa. In iningi labantu, umlingisi ulinganise, noma phlegmatic.
Umvundla Rex Rex
Unogwaja onemibala emibala - Enye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu eRussia. Izinwele ezijwayelekile, ezisindayo ngokwesilinganiso - 1000 g. Ukungaphenduki, imibala ehlukahlukene (kuze kufinyelele ku-60 umehluko), isimo esidlala futhi esisebenzayo yizimpawu ngenxa yokuthi bangenwe yini abasha noma imindeni enezingane. Kwesinye isikhathi ngesikhathi sokuthomba abesilisa banolaka, kepha lapho befika eminyakeni eyi-1-1,5, izilwane eziningi ziphinde zibe nothando futhi zinobungane.
Inqama yedraw - goqa unogwaja. Ubude bezindlebe bulinganiswa ngendlela efanayo nezimpiko zenyoni: ukusuka empini yodwa kuya kwesa kwenye enye isendaweni evundlile, kungamasentimitha angama-21- 28. Izinqama eziLop-eyred zikhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa, isisindo sazo zifinyelela kuma-3000 g. .Izilwane ezifuywayo ezinhle izingane.
Unogwaja wenqama oyidada
Unogwaja omfushane waseDashi - umnikazi wombala ongajwayelekile: ingxenye engemuva yomzimba nekhanda zinombala ohambelana nombala wamehlo, lonke ijazi limhlophe. Izinwele ezijwayelekile, isisindo sifinyelela kuma-2200 g. Uyadlala futhi unothando, uyakwazi ukuhambisana nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo.
Umvundla omfushane waseDashi
Labo abafuna ukuthola isilwane esine-ered ngombala ongajwayelekile kufanele babheke izinhlobo ezinjengalezi ibhokisi lomlilo, mfokaRusak futhi uvemvane oluncane.
Unogwaja omfushane omfishane
Izinhlobo zezinja zonogwaja ezimfushane zihlukahlukene kakhulu, phakathi kwabo, wonke umuntu angazikhethela isilwane asithandayo. Abafuyi bezingcweti abangochwepheshe abavela ezinkulisa noma kubacebisi ezitolo zezilwane bayophendula imibuzo ngokulungiswa nokunakekelwa bese beluleka ngokuthi yikuphi ukuzala okufanele bakuyeke labo abaqale ukunquma umvundla wokuhlobisa.
Izici zokuqukethwe kunogwaja omfishane ekhaya
Ngakho-ke, isilwane esisha sizovela endlini maduze. Yini okufanele unakekele kuqala? Ukuhlobisa onogwaja kugcinwa egumbini lokushisa, egumbini elomile ngaphandle kokubhaliwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele ukuthi kufinyeleleke ngaphakathi egumbini: umoya omusha unomphumela onenzuzo enhlalakahleni yesilwane futhi uvimbele ukubonakala kwephunga elingathandeki. Ukungcola, uthuli, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kuzolimaza impilo yezinja.
Unogwaja ungahlala ezinkanjini noma ezindizeni, kepha ukuze isilwane sigijimeze futhi sidlale ngokukhululeka, kufanele sikhishwe nsuku zonke ukuze sizungeze ifulethi.
Onogwaja bakubheke ngabomvu konke okuvelayo. Ukuze isilwane singaphangi izinto futhi singazilimazi, udinga ukususa zonke izinto eziyingozi ngaphambi kwesikhathi, unaka izintambo ngokukhethekile. Ukukhulula isilwane ekhejini, ngeke umshiye unganakekelwa.
Ukwenza isilwane sizizwe siphephile, yena indlu edingekayo - Analogue yomgodi, lapho ungakhwela khona konke. Kuyinto engathandeki ukukhipha unogwaja endaweni yokukhosela: isilwane kufanele sazi ukuthi kukhona indawo lapho ungacasha khona noma uphumule, futhi lapho kungekho khona umuntu ozokuthinta.
Okuqukethwe kweseli
Ikheji likanogwaja kufanele libanzi - cishe likhulu ngokuphindwe kane kunelesilwane uqobo. Uzodinga ukufaka i-feeder, isitsha sokuphuza neminye imishini ngaphakathi, kanye nesikhala sokuhamba okunethezekile konogwaja. Njengamakati noma izinja, onogwaja bathanda ukulala, welulelwe kubude babo obugcwele, ngakho-ke ikheji elixinekile lizobangela ukuhlupheka kwezilwane.
Ngokwesilinganiso, unogwaja wokuhlobisa udinga ikheji elinobudeamasentimitha ayi-100 kuye kwangama-140. Kuyadingeka ukuthi unake iqiniso lokuthi lesi silwane sikhula njalo, sithola isisindo somzimba, ngakho-ke, kunogwaja udinga ngokushesha ukuthenga ikhaya "labantu abadala".
Ungathengi amakheji amancane kakhulu futhi amafushane ezilwane ezifuywayo
Utshani obomile, utshani, sawdust kusetshenziswa udoti. I-filler kufanele ifakwe ngokuphelele phezu kobuso obungezansi, noma ifakwe ugqoko lwezinyoni ngokhuni lokuthambisa. Kepha, uma usebenzisa indlu yangasese ene-filler noma i-sawdust, unogwaja usadinga ukuhlinzeka ngodoti othambile kulo lonke ikheji ukuze isilwane singalali pallet yensimbi noma yepulasitiki.
Uma imodeli yendlu kanogwaja ivumela, kuzofanela ukufaka itreyi lepulasitiki lekheji, uthele i-filler kulo, ufake i-top phezu kwalo - lokhu kuzosiza inqubo yokuhlanza.
Iseli ngotshwala mama
Kwowesifazane okhulelwe, kufakwa enye indlu ngaphakathi kwekheji, ebizwa ngokuthi ngotshwala kamama. Silinde onogwaja, yena uqobo udonsa izinwele zakhe futhi ahlomise isidleke. Kuyo, unogwaja uzokondla inzalo yakhe inyanga yonke.
Ungayenza kanjani i-motherboard yamarabi ngezandla zakho, imidwebo yazo, nokuthi ungayikhetha kanjani imishini efanelekile, siyasho esihlokweni esikhethekile.
Ungayikhetha kanjani ikheji lesilwane esifuywayo?
- Ubungako beseli obuncane- 70X40 cm. Kufanele ube mkhulu ngokwanele ukuze unogwaja uhambe ngokukhululeka kuwo.Ukuphakama okuphelele ukukhula konogwaja emi emilenzeni yayo yangemuva, ubude - ama-kuzuba amathathu, ububanzi - okubili.
- Efulethini amaseli anodonga lwe-monolithic awalungile: banobukhulu, kunzima ukuhambisa. Uyaduduzeka amakheji ngemigoqo yokhuni nensimbi. Izinkuni ziyinto ephephile futhi enhle, okuwukuphela kwendlela edonsa ngayo ukuthi unogwaja uzoluma ikheyi futhi ngokushesha uzolahlekelwa ukubukeka kwalo kobuhle. Isilwane sizoba ntofontofo ekheji elenziwe ngensimbi. Uma ifakwe ugqoko wepulasitiki, ukuhlanza kuzoba yinto yemizuzu eminingana.
- Vula iseli ephezulu kuzovumela isilwane ukuthi sizizwe sikhululekile, kepha-ke, kulokhu, ukuphakama kwezindonga kufanele kube kukhulu ukuze onogwaja bangakwazi ukugxuma phezu kwabo.
- Phansi kweseli kungakhathalekile okubalulekile, kwimboza ngodoti. Ukusuka ukuhlala endaweni enzima, onogwaja bayakhula i-pododermatitis - amanxeba abuhlungu kuma-paws.
- Kufakwe ugqoko wendlu yangasese ekhoneni. Onogwaja bakujwayela ukuya endlini yangasese endaweni efanayo akukho kubi ukwedlula amakati, yize kunesikhathi esengeziwe esizodingeka sokuqeqeshwa. Ukuba khona kwetreyi kwenza ukuhlanza ikheji kube lula.
- Isiphuzo sibhekiswe odongeni lweseli (isiphuzo esinengono ngamagundane kufanelekile). Izitsha zokudla zifakwe odongeni noma zibekwe phansi. Ukuze onogwaja bakhethe ama-feed e-ceramic noma e-iron flat-ngezansiezisindayo ngokwanele ukuze isilwane singaziguquli.
- Ikheji libekwe endaweni ethule futhi ekhanyayo.kude nemisebe yelanga eqondile. Ikhona elincane lekheji lingaba elangeni, khona-ke unogwaja ungaphuma nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukuyofudumeza noma ukukhosela emthunzini futhi. Isilwane esinelukuluku sithanda ukujabula uma ikheji ifakwe endaweni ephakeme, ezonikeza umbono omuhle. Unogwaja uzobheka ngentshisekelo ukuthi kwenzakalani efulethini.
- Uma kunekati noma inja endlini, akufanele ibe nokufinyelela mahhala ekheji. Imidlalo yokuhlangana nezinye izilwane kungenzeka kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa komnikazi. Isidlakela esihlafunayo sigxambukela kakhulu kunogwaja, okuyinto ngokwemvelo yaso siyisisulu.
- Indlu yokukhosela ifakwa ekheji. Kugcizelelwa unogwaja okungekho ndawo lapho ungacasha khona.
Ukuhlanza amaseli
Unogwaja wezinkomo ukugwema ukubonakala kwephunga elingathandeki, hlanza okungenani amahlandla ama-3 ngesonto. Phansi embozwe ngotshani, utshani noma okhuni. Amaphephandaba noma iphepha akufanele lisetshenziswe: Udoti omanzi uyimbangela evamile yezifo ze-paw, imicu emincane nayo iyingozi ezilwaneni, ngoba uthuli lokhuni kwizitho zomzimba lucasule ukungezwani komzimba kanye ne-conjunctivitis. Udinga nokubheka ukuthi i-filler ayinayo amakha noma izithasiselo zamakhemikhali.
Unogwaja we-dare ekhejini
Ukuhlanza ikheji akunqweneleki ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali asekhaya. Izinsalela zezidakamizwa zingaba yingozi esilwaneni. Uma i-cage ihlanzwa njalo, vele uyigeze ngamanzi afudumele. Ukungcola okuqinile kususwa ngeviniga yetafula.
Uma unogwaja ejwayele ukuhamba ngethreyi, i-filler iguqulwa ngokuphelele kabili ngeviki.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma kuvela iphunga elingathandeki efulethini? Okokuqala, thola isizathu.
- Izindiza ezingcolile (iseli). Ukususa iphunga, ukuhlanza kuhlelwa nsuku zonke izinsuku ezingama-7-10, khona-ke izindawo ezingcoliswe ngokukhethekile ziphathwa uviniga no-aerated.
- Owesilisa ongavinjelwe. Onogwaja, njengezinye izilwane eziningi, maka uphawu lomaki, futhi awukwazi ukuwalula kulokhu. Ukuhanjiswa kuzoxazulula inkinga yephunga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, onogwaja abangathathi hlangothi (abahlanzekile) baba nokuzola futhi babe nobungane.
- Isifo sezilwane. Uma yonke imithetho yokunakekela isilwane ilandelwa, kepha kuvela iphunga elingathandeki kuleyo kheji, lesi yisikhathi sokubonana nodokotela wezilwane. Mhlawumbe isilwane esidliwayo siyagula.
Indawo yamakheji nokuhamba
Isixazululo esihle kakhulu kungaba ukwaba igumbi elincane elifudumele lepulazi lasekhaya, ngoba ukugcina inani elikhulu labantu efulethini ngeke kusebenze.
Kungakhathalekile ukuthi onogwaja bazogcinwa kuphi (efulethini, endlini yangasese, egalaji noma ezweni), kubalulekile ukuthi unake ezinye izici zokubekwa kwamakheji:
- Akunconywa ukuthi uzibeke eduze kwamabhethri, njengoba besishilo phambilini, ukushisa ngokweqile kuyingozi kakhulu emzimbeni wamagundane,
- Igumbi elinamakheji kufanele lihlukaniswe kwezinye izilwane ezifuywayo: amakati, izinja, ngoba onogwaja bayizidalwa ezinamahloni kakhulu,
- indawo yokuhlala ayitholakali eduze nemithombo yomsindo, ukukhanya okukhanyayo,
- Igumbi kufanele lingenwe umoya omncane (ngenani elincane labantu liyokwanela ukulifaka kalula, uma inani labantu likhulu, kungcono ukunakekela ukufaka uhlelo lokuphelelwa amandla kusengaphambili).
Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka igumbi lamakheji ngamarabi
Abanye abafuyi bezindawo bathanda ukwakha indawo ebanzi evulekile nge-canopy for onogwaja, ngoba kuzoba nzima ukuthi izilwane ezinjalo ezinyakazayo zihlale zisesimweni esinqunyelwe. Ukuba nensimu yasemgwaqweni, izinduku zingathathwa uma ufuna ukuhamba nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Kodwa-ke, uma amakheji enonogwaja asekamelweni elihlukile, angadedelwa ukuze ahambe kahle egumbini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, inani elanele le-sawdust lithululelwa phansi, kufakwa izitsha zokuphuza, kufakwa okondlayo, kanti nezilwane ziba nesikhathi esihle. Ngokwesilinganiso, onogwaja okuhlobisa badinga ukuhamba okungadluli imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-40 ngosuku. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, kungcono ukushiya amakhethini wezilwane ezifuywayo evulekile, ukuze izilwane ezikhathele zibuyele ngaphakathi.
Ungakha indawo yokudlala egcwele imishanguzo yokuhlobisa
Ungayinakekela kanjani futhi uyigcine kanjani unogwaja wokuhlobisa efulethini
- Empilweni yomvundla kubaluleke kakhulu ukudla ngokulinganisela. Izilwane zondliwa ngotshani notshani, okusanhlamvu, imifino emisha kanye nokudla okugcwele okukhethekile.
- Onogwaja badla izikhathi ezingama-30 ngosukuokuphakelayo kufanele kutholakale ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukususa ngokushesha ezinkanjini ezingadliwanga izinsalela zokudla ezingase ziwohloke ukuze isilwane singadali ubuthi.
- Ukudla okunejusi (imifino, izithelo, utshani) awalungele unogwaja ongaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu. Izingane zinikezwa i-hay nokudla okuxubile.
- Onogwaja uyakujabulela ukudla utshani obudla izindwani. Njengoba usuthathe isinqumo sokucwilisa isilwane sakho, kufanele ubheke ukuthi izitshalo ezinobuthi azibanjwa otshanini obuqoqiwe. Utshani bezilwane budilizwa kude nemigwaqo.
- Amakhekhe namaLegamu pre-ofakwe noma ubilisiwe.
- Okokugaya izilwane zinikezwa ukudla okuqinile: amagatsha amasha e-aspen, i-apula, umcamelo, birch. Izingcezu zezinkwa ezomile ziyindlela enhle.
- Izithako zokumbiwa phansi (isidlo sethambo, ushoko) unike zonke izilwane, ngaphandle kwalezo ezithola ukugcwala okugcwele.
Onogwaja akufanele banikezwe imikhiqizo yobisi, izithelo zamawolintshi, inyama, isipayisi, usawoti, ukudla okumnandi, iklabishi elibomvu. Noma iyiphi enye iklabishi kanye nama-beet kubangela ukuqunjelwa. Imidlwane ayivunyelwe ukunikezwa, ezingxenyeni ezincane, ngokuhlanganiswa nokunye ukudla.
- Onogwaja abahlale begijimisana efulethini futhi bazivocavoca ngokwanele abakwazi ukuhamba. Kepha ukuhamba emoyeni omusha kuzoletha injabulo kumniniyo nasilwane esifuywayo. Ngemuva kokuqikelela ukuthi azikho izinja, udoti, izitshalo ezinobuthi eduzane, lesi silwane savunyelwa ukuba sihambe epaki noma endaweni evulekile engenacala. Ngisho nokuzola unogwaja kufanele ube sehhanisi noma ukuqhuma: ngokwesaba okuthile, isilwane singabaleka, futhi ukuyibamba emgwaqweni ngeke kube lula.
- Njalo emavikini ama-3, amabala onogwaja ancishiswa. Isipikili senqenqema sinqunywe ngemfoloko noma isikejana esisikiwe esingu-1-2 mm ubude ukuze singathinti imithambo yegazi (ibonakala kahle ku-lumen). Uma isilwane sopha, uzipho luhlanzwa nge-hydrogen peroxide.
- Ngabe ngidinga ukugeza unogwaja? Odokotela bezilwane bathi lokho ukubhukuda kuyacindezela kakhulu izilwane futhi ikhishwe ngenxa yezizathu eziningi.
- Ukwelashwa kwamanzi kuphazamisa ukuthambisa kwemvelo kwesikhumba. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinwele ziba buthuntu, ziwe ngaphandle, isilwane sizwa ukuluma.
- Ukubhukuda kuvame ukuba kubangela umkhuhlane.
- Ukuxinekaukuthi umuzwa wesilwane ungabulala.
- Onogwaja baqapha ukuhlanzeka kwezinwele zabo, bazikhotha ngokucophelela. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele asikho isidingo sokugeza.
Kepha kungaba nezimo lapho ungakwazi ukugwema ukubhukuda. Isibonelo, uma isilwane esidliwayo singcolile kakhulu, sishisa ngokweqile, noma siphethwe yisifo sohudo. Ungayilimazi kanjani isilwane?
- Geza unogwaja esinkini noma ubhavu ulula futhi ulula ukwedlula kubhavu.
- Ukulungiselela Igumbi lokushisa lamanzi noma ama-degree ambalwa afudumele.
- Uma kungenzeka kungcono ukungamanzisi isilwane ngokuphelele, futhi ugeze kuphela izindawo ezingcolile.
- Ama-detergents angcono ukuthi ungasebenzisi. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwabo, thenga umshini okhethekile onogwaja. Hlanza uboya ngokucophelela ukuze ngemuva kwalokho isilwane, sizikhonkotha uqobo, singabisi ubuthi.
- Nisela isilwane kuphephile hhayi ekugezeni, kodwa ebhakeni noma imibuthano.
- Ikhanda, ikakhulukazi izindlebe nekhala, Awukwazi ukumanzi.
- Kuzothatha umsizi ukugcina unogwaja. Isilwane esesabekayo angaphuma azilimaze.
- Kubalulekile gwema okusalungiswa. Onke amafasitela neminyango kumele kuvalwe ngokuqinile.
- Sula ijazi kahle ngethawula.. Kuze kube yilapho isilwane sesomile ngokuphelele, kungathandeki ukuyiyekela phansi, kungcono ukuyishiya kusofa noma uyicoshe.
- Okomiswa kovolo ungasebenzisi izinwele zezinwele: umsindo uyesabisa izilwane, futhi isikhumba esibuthakathaka kulula ukusishisa.
Ukuhlanza amaseli
Emakheji lapho kuhlala khona onogwaja bokuhlobisa, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza njalo. Okungenani kabili ngesonto, kuzodingeka uhlanze ugqoko bese ubeka esikhundleni se-filler ne-hay.
Uma amaseli engaphakathi endlini, khona-ke ukubulala amagciwane ngokuphelele kwenziwa kangcono kabili ngenyanga. Kunconywa ukugeza amaseli omgwaqo njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu - lokhu kungenziwa ngaleso sikhathi ngenkathi izilwane zihamba.
Amaseli kufanele ahlanekezelwe ngezikhathi ezithile
Izinqubo zokuhlanzeka zibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ngenxa yokugcwala koboya, izindunduma kanye nemfucumfucu yokudla ekhejini, isilwane singagula, kanti umniniyo angabhekana nokungezwani komzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kokungcola kuvame ukuheha izimpukane nezinye izinambuzane, nakho okungathandeki.
Ukugoma
Ukugoma ngesikhathi esifanele kuzosiza izilwane ukuthi zigweme izifo okulula ukuzelapha onogwaja futhi okuholela ekufeni. Odokotela bezilwane batusa okokuqala ukugoma izilwane ezifuywayo ngokumelene ne-myxomatosis kanye ne-viral hemorrhagic isifo (VHD). Kwezinye izimo, ukugoma kubalulekile.:
- unogwaja uzoba bahlanganyele embukisweni,
- kuhlelwe hamba phesheya,
- isilwane sihlala ku-overexposure ku Ihhotela lezilwane
- umshwalense isilwane ngasinye.
I-Myxomatosis. Umuthi wokugoma wokuqala wenziwa kwentwasahlobo. Iminyaka yoRabi okungenani inyanga. Ukugoma kuphindwa ngemuva kwenyanga, bese kuthi izinyanga ezi-6,6 emva kokuqala. Ukuvuselela kabusha kuyadingeka kabili ngonyaka, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla, lapho kuvela ukuqubuka kwe-myxomatosis, ukuze isilwane sigcine singazinzile. Igciwane lisakazwa yizinambuzane, ngakho-ke ukuvikela unogwaja kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi somsebenzi wabo ophakeme.
E-Russia, imitholampilo eminingi yezilwane isebenzisa imigomo yeRabbiwak-B neCunivak Myxo.
Ukugoma onogwaja bokuhlobisa
Isifo se-viral hemorrhagic (VHD). Isikhathi sokuqala ukuthi ukugoma kugonywe eneminyaka engama-6 nangaphezulu, ngenkathi isisindo somzimba wesilwane kufanele kube ngaphezulu kwama-500 g. Ngokwesibili umuthi wokugoma ukhishwa ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu. Ukuvuselelwa kudingeka kanye ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma kanye ngonyaka, kuya ngesimo se-epizootological. Imijovo esetshenziswa kakhulu yi-RABBIVAC-V ne-Cunivak RHD.
Kunemithi yokugoma eyinkimbinkimbi ekhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies ezifweni ezimbili ngasikhathi sinye. Udokotela wezilwane kufanele aluleke ngokusetshenziswa kwazo esimweni ngasinye.
Onogwaja futhi bagonyelwa i- pasteurellosis, paratyphoid, listeriellosis namarabi, kepha lezi zifo azisakazeki kangako. Ukugonywa kukhonjiswa ezilwaneni ezivela ezinkulisalapho kunezilwane eziningi khona futhi nengozi yokudluliselwa iphezulu.
Ukugoma akufanele kunikezwe uma isilwane sigula noma sibuthakathaka. Owesifazane akagonywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangesikhathi sokuqunjelwa. Emavikini la-2 ngaphambi kwekugoma, unogwaja unikezwa imishanguzo ye-anthelmintic, ngoba ukuba khona kwama-parasites kunciphisa ukusebenza kokugoma.
Onogwaja bokuhlobisa bayakwazi ukunika umniniyo imizwelo eminingi emihle nezikhathi zenjabulo. Uma igcinwe kahle futhi inakekelwa, izilwane ziphila iminyaka eyi-15. Kepha, ukuthatha isinqumo sokuthola umngani omkhulu, ungakhohlwa: ukubukeka okuhle nokuhlekisayo akumenzi unogwaja abe ithoyizi. Lesi isidalwa esiphilayo esidinga uthando, uthando nokunakwa.
Ukuphathwa Komvundla: Umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo nesinyathelo
Isinyathelo sokuqala: sizodinga ukulungiselela zonke izithako zezinto ezinhle. Uzodinga amagremu angama-50 wokudla okuhlanganisiwe, wezipuni ezi-2 ze-oatmeal, amanzi ne-zucchini egayiwe (ungathatha noma yisiphi isithelo noma imifino).
Grate imifino ku-grater ephakathi
Isinyathelo Sesibili: Manje udinga ukugaya ukudla ne-oatmeal ku-grinder yekhofi.
Gaya kuze kube bushelelezi
Isinyathelo Sesithathu: khona-ke konke lokhu kufanele kuthululelwe endishini ejwayelekile bese uthela amanzi afudumele.
Kumxube udinga ukufaka ne-zucchini
Isinyathelo Sesine: kusuka kulesi sisindo kuyadingeka ukuthi kuxoxwe inhlama yohlobo oluthile, bese uyihlukanisa bese wenza izibalo.
Njengomphumela, sithola amakhukhi anjalo onogwaja bokuhlobisa nanoma iyiphi enye intonga abayisebenzisa ngokuzithandela
Ukuphathwa okunjalo kufanele kusatshalaliswe kubo bonke abantu, futhi izingcezu ezingadliwanga phakathi kosuku kumele zisuswe ekhejini ngoba zingaba omuncu.
Izifo nokugoma konogwaja
Abafuyi besiqalo kufanele bazi ukuthi onogwaja bokuhlobisa kwesinye isikhathi bahlushwa yilezi zifo ezilandelayo:
- myxomatosis,
- isifo se-hemorrhagic
- i-rhinitis ethelelekile ne-stomatitis,
- staphylococcosis,
- pasteurellosis
- coccidiosis.
Zonke lezi zifo zibonakaliswa yizimpawu ezinamandla, okuholela ekufeni kwezilwane. Ngisho nokuhlaselwa kwe-helminthic kuvame ukuholela emiphumeleni engenakuphikwa, ngakho-ke, amalungiselelo e-anthelmintic kufanele anikezwe onogwaja okungenani amahlandla amane ngonyaka ngezikhawu ezilinganayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela i-helminthiasis ezimweni lapho izilwane ezifuywayo zivame ukuba khona emvelweni.
Eminyakeni engaba ngamasonto ayisithupha, onogwaja badinga ukunikezwa umuthi wokugomela ngokuphelele ngokumelene ne-myxomatosis ne-HBV. Ukugonywa kuyanconywa ngonyaka.
Onogwaja badinga ukugonywa, ngokohlelo
Umuthi wokugomela unikezwa onogwaja okhalweni lwasemuva noma ngokubuna. Izenzo ezinjalo zingasingathwa ngokuzimela, akudingekile ukumema udokotela wezilwane. Imithi yokugoma esele yenziwa njengoba idingekile ngokuya ngesifo esiwumshayabhuqe esifundeni esithile - udokotela wezilwane uthatha isinqumo ngokusebenza kwawo.
Izilwane ezifuywayo ezinempilo kuphela ezivunyelwe ukugonyelwa, ngakho-ke, uma unogwaja usuvele uthelelekile, kufanele ziphinde zenziwe kabusha ekhejini elihlukile ngaphambi kokululama, futhi kungcono ukuthatha isilwane esifile siyilethelebhu egumbini lokucwaninga.
Ilungele ukuzalaniswa nokuzalela
Uma zigcinwa zisesimweni esihle, onogwaja bokuhlobisa bangakhula unyaka wonke. Ngezinhloso ezinjalo, kunconyelwa ukuthatha unogwaja cishe wezinyanga eziyi-10 ubudala (uma kuwuhlobo oluyindidane, ungagxuma futhi unogwaja unezinyanga ezi-6 ubudala).
Ukulungela konogwaja kukamanyolo kungabonakala ngezimpawu zokuzingela ngokocansi, okungahlali kwenzeka njalo. Kodwa-ke, kwabesifazane abaningi lezi zimpawu ziphindwa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-8-9 futhi zihlala cishe izinsuku ezintathu.
Imivundla yokuhlobisa isaladi
Ngakho-ke, uma uhlela ukuzala abantu abahlobisa, kufanele unake lezo zimpawu zokuthomba:
- isilwane siba kakhulu futhi kwesinye isikhathi sikhombisa ulaka,
- iya ethoyilethi ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zekheyi, hhayi kwitreyi,
- izintokazi nezinsikazi ziqala ukubukela phansi.
Ngesikhathi sokuzingela ngocansi, unogwaja uyandisela futhi avuvukele izitho zangasese
Ukuze uthole ukukhula komzimba khetha abantu abanamandla nabasebenza kakhulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, noma yiziphi izinto ezingeziwe zisuswa ngokwedlule ezinkanjini, bese kubekwa izilwane lapho. Uma onogwaja abahlali ndawonye, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukutshala insikazi ekhejini kuya kowesilisa.
Inqubo yokuzalela ivame ukuthatha imizuzwana embalwa, emva kwalokho izilwane zishiywe ekhejini enye imizuzu eyi-10-15, bese ixazululwa.
Uma ukukhulelwa kungenzekanga, khona-ke ukukhula kokubeletha kufanele kuphindwe.
Ukukhulelwa nokubeletha
Isikhathi sokulandelana kokuhlobisa onogwaja sihlala cishe inyanga - lokhu futhi kuya ngeminyaka yabesifazane (abesifazane abasha "bagqoka" onogwaja isikhashana).
Ngalesi sikhathi, insikazi idinga ukondleka okhethekile nokunakekelwa. Kuyadingeka ukuthi aqinisekise ukufinyelela kwakhe ubusuku nemini emanzini, ukudla okunempilo, okunamavithamini namaminerali amaningi. Ekamelweni kunconyelwa ukugcina ukuthula, ngoba yokwethuka okuvela kwimisindo engaphandle okuvame ukuholela ekuphuthweni kwesisu.
Owesifazane okhulelwe ukhipha i-fluff yakhe bese eyibeka esidlekeni
Ukuzalwa konogwaja kuvame ukuqala kusihlwa, kepha kwesinye isikhathi phakathi nosuku. Abanye abantu abahlobisa badinga ukubonwa ngabantu. Ngakho-ke, uma unogwaja eshiya isidleke isikhashana, khona-ke izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa kufanele zimbozwe phansi.
Onogwaja abasanda kuzalwa abavikeleki ngokuphelele futhi badinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Umgomo oyinhloko hhayi ukulimaza, ngakho-ke kufanele ufunde amanye ama-nuances kusengaphambili ukuze ugweme amaphutha nemiphumela emibi ehlobene nayo. Imininingwane eminingi esihlokweni esikhethekile.
Uma enqaba ngokuphelele ukondla inzalo, khona-ke umfuyi kufanele enze lokhu eyedwa, esebenzisa ingxube eyomile nesirinji ekhethekile. Unogwaja owenqabile inzalo akasavunyelwa ukuba azale kabusha.
Iphuzu elibalulekile! Abanye besifazane sebevele bakulungele ukufaka umquba ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokubeletha. Noma kuqala ukukhulelwa, bangaqhubeka bondla izingane zabo.
Kuyasiza yini ukuzalela onogwaja?
Njengesibonelo, sizobheka ipulazi elincane lonogwaja abahlanu (owesilisa oyedwa nowesifazane abane), ngokususelwa ezindlekweni zabo kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-3,000 kuye kwangama-8,000:
- ukuthengwa komuntu ngamunye - ama-ruble angama-26 000,
- ukuthengwa kwamaseli nemishini - ama-ruble angama-28 000,
- okuphakelayo (okuqinile, okuhlanganisiwe, izitshalo zezimpande) - ama-ruble angama-46 000,
- amavithamini nezimbiwa kanye nomuthi wokugoma - ama-ruble ayi-15 000,
- izindleko zokusebenzisa - ama-ruble ayi-3 800.
Izindleko zepulazi lasekhaya zikhokha ngokushesha ngenxa yokuzala kwabantu
Ukusuka epulazini elinjalo, ngokwesilinganiso, ungafinyelela kuma-245 cubs ngonyaka. Uma unikezwe ukuthi isilinganiso esijwayelekile se-rodent sizoba ngama-ruble angama-4,000, inzuzo izoba ngama-ruble angama-980,000. Izindleko zokuhlela ipulazi zifinyelela kuma-ruble ayi-118,800. Kuyavela ukuthi ezinyangeni eziyi-12 inzuzo izoba - ama-ruble angama-861,200. Vele, ungandisa kakhulu inzuzo yayo uma uthenga izilwane eziningi.
Ukufingqa
Ukuzalela onogwaja bokuhlobisa wedwa kungaba ngumqondo omuhle webhizinisi. Njengoba sishilo phambilini, noma ngenani elincane labantu, usungavele uthole inzuzo ebonakalayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuxhumana nalezi zilwane ezingenabungozi futhi ezinhle futhi kuletha ubumnandi obuningi, ngakho-ke ipulazi lomvundla alikwazi ukuba yibhizinisi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi libe yinto yokuzilibazisa.
Okuyisisekelo kokuqukethwe: ukuhlanza iseli, ukuhogela, ukuhamba, ukukhetha indawo
Onogwaja badinga ukunakekelwa okufanele nokunakekelwa okufanele. Ngaphambi kokuthenga isilo, kufanelekile ukunakekela ukuthola imishini edingekayo kanye nekheji lapho kuzochitha khona isikhathi esiningi. Udinga futhi ukuthola indawo efanelekile efulethini, lapho isilwane sizoba ntofontofo.
Ukuhlobisa onogwaja kulungele ukugcinwa efulethini
Ukuhlobisa onogwaja bazwela imisebe eqondile, ukushisa ngokweqile kanye nokushisa komzimba ngokweqile.
Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lamakamelo lizoba + 18 ... + 20 0С ngomswakama womoya lize lifike kuma-50%. Umoya osefulethini akufanele uqukathe i-ammonia, isikhutha kanye ne-hydrogen sulfide. Ukushiswa nokuswakama kufanele kugwenywe: lezi zinto zinomphumela olimazayo empilweni yezilwane.
Onogwaja ababhuli - ukushisa kuyashintshwa ngemithambo esezindlebeni. Ngakho-ke, ngesimo sezulu esineglasi, ungasula izindlebe zakho ngendwangu emanzi - lokhu kuzothuthukisa inhlala-kahle yezilwane zasekhaya. Ibhodlela leplastiki elineqhwa ekhejini noma ithawula elimanzi elibekwe ekheji lingasiza ekushiseni.
Efulethini, isilwane sigcinwa kahle kakhulu ekheji. Kunconywa ukuthi ugweme ukuxhumana ngokuhlanganyela nekati nenja, njengoba izilwane zinamahloni kakhulu. Ezandleni zabo kufanele baphathwe ngokuqinile nangokuphepha. Uma ewa, angafa.
Kunconywa ukulungisa i-feeder ngokudla, isiphuzo kanye nethreyi ekhejini. Onogwaja bathanda ukudlala, futhi imishini yokukhululeka izosebenza njengethoyi, elizokwakha umsindo omningi nokungcola endlini.
Iphansi lekheji kufanele limbozwe ngodoti okhethekile, okufanele ugcinwe womile futhi wenziwe ngemikhiqizo yemvelo - sawdust, utshani, hay.
Kuyadingeka ukuguqula nokuhlanza imfucumfucu njalo ngezinsuku ezi-3 ukuze kuqedwe iphunga elingathandeki futhi kuvikeleke nezifo zamapheshana esiswini esilwaneni.
Ilitha liyadingeka ukuthi lihlanzwa nsuku zonke. Unogwaja omncane uzowunaka ugqoko ongcolile futhi azenzele indlu yangasese entsha kwenye indawo esekhombeni.
Ukuhamba emgwaqweni onogwaja kuyakhethwa, kodwa ehlobo ungagijima ngotshani obusha.
Isilwane kufanele sibe semakholoni ngehhanisi. Ukuhamba kunconyelwa endaweni enelanga, ezolile. Ebusika, isilwane esenziwe lukhuni kuphela esingakhishwa ngaphandle; isikhathi sokuhamba akufanele sidlule imizuzu eyi-10.
Indawo yokugcina isilwane kufanelekile futhi ibe ntofontofo: I-Aviary, indlu noma ikheji. Ubukhulu bukhethiwe ngokuya ngokukhula: emi emilenzeni yayo yangemuva, isilwane akufanele siphumule maqondana nophahla. Kungcono ukwenza ipallet epulasitiki bese ubeka udoti phezulu.
Ukubeka i-sawdust notshani epallet akukufanele, ngoba unogwaja omncane uzoqala ukuzikhulula yonke indawo. Kwendlu yangasese udinga itreyi eligcwele izinto zemvelo: sawdust, hay, iphepha elithambile, ukusikwa okuqinile noma utshani.
Indawo yokugcina isilwane kufanele ibe lula futhi ibe ntofontofo.
Indawo yeseli ingahlukaniswa: yenza ingxenye ehlukile yokulala, ukudla, ukudlala nokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Indawo yokulala ingamnyama kancane, lokhu kuzonikeza ukuphumula okunethezekile nobumfihlo.
Kungcono ukuhlela isondli, isitsha sokuphuza ne-sennik ngokwehlukana.I-feed ye-yokusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu inikezwa kangcono ngezinto ezisindayo, ezinjenge-ceramic. Isilwane ngeke sikwazi ukweqa isitsha futhi sidlale ngesiqukathi, okuzovimbela ukungcoliswa okunamandla kweseli. Kuvunyelwe ukulungisa ophuzayo nondliwe ezindongeni.
Ungagcini unogwaja njalo ekhejini- lokhu kuzokhuphuka ukuwohloka kwamathambo, ukukhuluphala noma esinye isifo. Isilwane siyimvelo futhi siyadlala ngokwemvelo, ngakho-ke sidinga ukunyakaza. Kuyadingeka ukumvumela ukuba azungeze igumbi okungenani kanye ngosuku.
Izici zokukhetha unogwaja omncane
Ngokokuqala ngqa, izilwane ezibandayo zazalwa ngekhulu le-19 ngabazalisi abangamaNgisi. Ayethulwa embukisweni ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Unogwaja wasePoland". Abahwebi baseJalimane basekela ozakwabo futhi bethula umhlaba ngohlobo lweHelinin.
Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zazinombala ojwayelekile, kepha abafuyi baseDashi bakwazi ukwenza ucwazimulo futhi bakhipha ama-fluffies amancane anemibala ehlukene. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nangomsebenzi onzima wabafuyi, izinhlobo zonogwaja njengenqama ye-lop-eared, i-Angora, impungushe yeDwarf, uRex, ikhanda leNgonyama nabanye abaningi.Namuhla esitolo sezilwane zasekhaya noma emakethe yezinyoni ungathola izinduku eziningi ezincane ezizohluka komunye nomunye ngombala, ubukhulu, ubude bezinwele nezindlebe. Kungcono ukuthenga onogwaja eneminyaka engu-1.5 ubudala nangaphezulu, kepha esikhathini esiningi athengiswa ngemuva kokufinyelela ezinyangeni ezi-3-4. Kulesi sikhathi, isisindo sesilwane akumele sidlule ku-1,8 kg.
Noma kunjalo, ubudala lapho ukhetha akuyona into ebaluleke kakhulu. Impilo yesilwane kumele ibe namandla. Kungakho kufanelekile ukunaka ngokukhethekile izindlebe, impumulo, amehlo, ijazi kanye nokuhamba kwembambo. Kumvundla ophile kahle, izindlebe kufanele zihlanzeke, amehlo kufanele akhanye futhi kungabikho esimweni esimuncu. Ijazi likhulu futhi linokukhanya kwemvelo.
Kuyafaneleka futhi isikhathi esithile ukubona umsebenzi wesilwane osithandayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uma ecashe ekhoneni futhi empeleni angahambi, khona-ke lezi yizimpawu zokuqala zesifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-pussies kufanele agonywe nge-HBV ne-myxomatosis. Isiqinisekiso sokugoma singacelwa kumthengisi.
Obunye bunzima ekukhetheni onogwaja abancane ukuzimisela kobulili. Lapho befika ezinyangeni ezintathu, abesilisa balahla amasende abo, futhi angabonakala kahle. Ukuze kwehlukaniswe insikazi nokweduna, kubalulekile ukuguqula isilwane emhlane bese isandla sicindezela umsila, abasicindezela ngokwemvelo. Ama-testicles kubafana abukeka njengesimila. Onogwaja, izitho zangasese zinokuvuleka okufana nokushaya futhi zitholakala kude ne-anus. Lapho ukhetha onogwaja abade obanzi, udinga ukunaka amazinga ayisisekelo. Ngeshwa, lezi zici zivame ukuhlukunyezwa abathengisi abangathembekile futhi zisetshenziselwe inzuzo yomuntu siqu. Kungakho kudingekile ukwazi ukuthi iziphi izimpawu ukubona ubunikazi besilwane.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokusulwa
Emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi zezinhlobo zonogwaja, ezithathwa njengezincane. Zonke zinemibandela, ngokuya ngobude bejazi, zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu ama-3:
- izinwele ezimfishane - ubungako bezinwele ne-fluff bungaphezu kuka-2 cm,
- okwejwayelekile - ubude bezinwele buhlukahluka kusuka ku-2,5 kuye ku-4 cm, kanti buye bube nokufudumele, ubude bawo busuka ku-2 kuye ku-2,5 cm,
- izinwele ezinde - yiba nolayini obukhulu bezinwele, ubude bezinwele bufika ku-5 cm, kanti abanye banokuningi.
Ukubekezelela kuyinto ejwayelekile
Njenganoma imuphi umthetho, kukhona okuhlukile encazelweni yezinhlobo zemifino ezimisiwe ezingamakhandlela. Isibonelo, enye yezinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zamagundane amfishane - Unogwaja waseDashi - isisindo somzimba siyehluka kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-3 kg. Banombala omhlophe-omnyama, noma kunjalo, abantu abane-bluish, ufudu noma umthunzi ohlukile we-chocolate uyatholakala. Yize izilwane eziningi zaloluhlobo zinamadlebe amancane, nokho Lop-eared inqama izindlebe ziyimpahla yangempela futhi zingaba nobude obungamasentimitha angama-23 kuye kwangama-27. Izilwane zishaya ngezinwele zazo ezingavamile Izinhlobo Zekhanda leNgonyama. Zine-mane enezimpawu, okuyisici esehlukile kulolu hlobo lokuzalela. Kodwa-ke, zingahle zibe nohlobo lwe-recessive gene, i.e., uhlobo olucindezelwe kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokhu, lokhu kuzalaniswa ngeke kube nesici sobuntu.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa eyisisekelo
Ngakho-ke, isilwane sikhethiwe futhi izingane zijabule.
Kepha ukuze unogwaja uthokozise abanikazi bawo, kufanele kubhekwe lezi zinto ezidingakalayo zokulungisa:
- Ngaphambi kokuthenga, qiniseka ukuthenga imishini edingekayo nendlu.
- Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthatha ukubuna nezindlebe.
- Dlala futhi ufundise okwengeziwe, khona-ke uzokulalela.
- Isilwane esibukiwe kufanele sihambe ngezinyawo siqonde eflethini ngaphansi kokugadwa.
- Abawathandi ama-drafti, ukugcwala nokubanda.
- Indlu kumele ihlanzwe futhi ihlanzwe ngesibulala magciwane ngesikhathi esifanele.
- Ingagezwa kuphela uma kunesidingo esiphuthumayo.
- Amanzi adinga ukushintshwa nsuku zonke, okombhede - kabili ngesonto. Khumbula, lapho kunakekelwa okungcono, isikhathi eside isilwane sakho sizophila.
- Kungcono ukondla isilwane ngokudla okukhethekile futhi usigcine ekhejini.
- Emgwaqweni futhi uthenge i-hay ngomvundla, udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi ezinye izitshalo zinobuthi ezilwaneni (ngokwesibonelo: i-nightshade, i-radish yasendle, i-belladonna, i-geranium, i-dope, i-belena, i-celandine, i-wrestler nezinye).
- Ukugoqwa kwembaza kwenziwa kanye ngenyanga.
- Vakashela kudokotela wezilwane ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile nokubheka ukufakwa kwamazinyo - kanye njalo emavikini amane.
- Gomela isilwane ngesikhathi.
- Akunjalo, musa ukusiphonsa isilwane, ngoba sinomgogodla obuthakathaka.
Ifulethi liphephile isilwane, kepha kuphephile futhi kulula kakhulu ukugcina ukukholelwa ekhejini.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya nokunakekelwa
Onogwaja ekhaya bahlala benemizwa eminingi emihle.
- Izizathu zalezi zilwane:
- uthando lwabaninilo, ikakhulukazi uma lokho kubazungeza ngokunakekela nangothando,
- zihambisane kahle nezilwane ezifuywayo ezahlukahlukene,
- muhle kakhulu futhi uhlanzekile. Bayakuthanda ukudinwa
- hhayi okusheshayo ekudleni,
- Kulula ukufunda, futhi ukujwayela itreyi akunzima,
- thanda ukudlala futhi uxoxe. Uma unogwaja nommeleli wekati bahlala endlini eyodwa, lapho-ke bavame ukuhlela imidlalo ehlanganyelwe,
- bangajwayela ukuhamba ngehhanisi.
Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwaleli nani lezinzuzo, kukhona okungathandeki, futhi kwabanye abanikazi kubaluleke kakhulu kunezinzuzo zalezi zilwane. Isibonelo, umuntu uvame ukuzwa umbono wokuthi onogwaja endlini wonke amawaya afafazwe.
- Impahla yalezi zilwane:
- ukuba khona kwephunga elithile. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlanza njalo ikheji ngemuva konogwaja, le nkinga ayenzeki,
- uma ungahambelani nesilwane emgqonyeni wethreyi, lapho-ke yonke indlu izomakwa, futhi ezindaweni ezingalindelekile kakhulu uzothola indle,
- Onogwaja badla indle njalo. Kubo, lokhu kujwayelekile, kepha amachaphaza angaqukatha ama-bacterium ayingozi ahlukahlukene angalimaza kakhulu impilo yezimbumbulu,
- Akunakwenzeka nje ukugcina unogwaja onjengekati noma inja, ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqala lokhu ku-fluff, udinga ukuthenga ikheji, isitsha sokuphuza, i-feeder, i-hay nokudla okugoba,
- bavikela kakhulu indawo yabo, ngakho-ke akufanele ungene ezinkambini zabo lapho ukhona, ngoba bangashaya futhi balume,
- izilwane ezinokuthula kwezinye izikhathi zingakhala futhi zikhule. Le ngenye indlela yokuvikela isikhala sakho kubantu bangaphandle,
- Onogwaja bayizilwane zasebusuku ezithanda ukwenza umsindo ekhejini (basakaze abondli neziphuzo, basebenzise izigubhu zabo ezinkanjini, zama ukugoqa imigoqo),
- izinsikazi ziba nolaka kakhulu ngesikhathi se-estrus.
Ukuzikhethela kanye nokwenza ngcono ekhaya
Efulethini, onogwaja bokuhlobisa bancono kakhulu bagcinwe ekheji. Kufanele ibekwe phansi, ngoba ukuwa kusuka endaweni ephakeme kungaba nemiphumela ebulalayo isilwane sakho.
Ukuze wenze isilwane sakho siphile kahle, kufanele ukhethe ikheji elifanele futhi uhlele ekhoneni lalo. Kufanelekile ukukhetha ikheji elikhulu, ngoba lezi zilwane zihola indlela yokuphila ephathekayo futhi zithanda imidlalo esebenzayo. Ubude obufanele bekhambi akufanele bube ngaphansi kwama-70 cm futhi ngosayizi wedlula isilwane okungenani amahlandla ama-4.
Ekhaya elinjalo, bangazizwa bekhululekile. Lapho ukhetha, kufanele unake ngokukhethekile phansi kweseli. Khetha ikheji elinepulasitiki phansi, ngoba i-trellis ingalimaza amawele wesilwane.
Enye indawo yokuhlala lapho umvundla wokuhlobisa uzozizwa ukahle kuyindlela ye-mini-aviary, noma kunjalo, idinga isikhala esiningi. Ocingweni, awukwazi ukubeka kuphela ugqoko, isondli kanye nesitsha sokuphuza, kodwa futhi uhlele ipulatifomu encane lapho isilwane singadedela khona.
Ngaphansi kweseli kumbozwe ngengqimba ye-hay noma sawdust. Ugqinsi lodoti onjalo kufanele lube kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-5 cm. Ugqoko lapho unogwaja uzoya khona ethoyilethi umbozwe udoti ofanayo. Ikheji noma i-aviary kumele ibekwe kude nokusalungiswa, ngoba isilwane sakho singabamba umkhuhlane, nemisebe yelanga eqondile engadala ukushisa. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukucabanga ngendlu ye-mink, lapho isilwane sakho singacasha khona ngokubona kwamehlo bese siphumula nje. Ngasikhathi sinye, khumbula ukuthi bachitha amahora angama-16 kuya kwayi-17 ngosuku endaweni yokukhosela enjalo.
Kobunogwaja, ama-feed ka-ceramic kanye no-elenga ngokuvamile asetshenziswa. Iplastiki kungcono ukungayikhethi, njengoba amagundane anelukuluku angawanambitha. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kujwayelekile ukuthi onogwaja baphendule konke babheke phansi. Kufanelekile nokukhetha umkhombe we-hay, ozofakwa kumagremu weseli. Izitsha zokuphuza zisetshenziselwa othomathikhi, bese uziqinisa emigoqweni yekheji (aviary).
Yize onogwaja bokuhlobisa babe noboya obukhulu obunesendlalelo phansi, okwenza kube lula ukubekezelela amazinga aphansi okushisa, kepha ukudluliselwa kwabo ukushisa kuyaphazamiseka. Kungakho kudingeka ukuthi ubanikeze izimo zokushisa ezifanele. Izinga lokushisa elifanelekile li-18-20 degrees Celsius.
Onogwaja abakubekezeleli ukushisa kahle, ngakho-ke esimweni sezulu esishisayo kunenzuzo ukufaka ibhodlela leqhwa ekhejini noma endizeni, okuzovumela isilwane ukuthi sipholile. Ukupholisa okusheshayo, sula izindlebe zesilwane ngephedi likotini elicwiliswe emanzini abandayo.
Umswakama owandayo egumbini futhi awubekezelelwa kahle onogwaja, ngoba abakwazi ukujuluka. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqapha le nkomba, akufanele idlule i-50%. Ngezikhathi ezithile, onogwaja bangahamba emoyeni omusha, kepha lokhu kumele kwenziwe ezindaweni ezinobungoti bemvelo. Lokhu kungenxa yesidingo sesilwane sokuhlala sibhoboza, futhi utshani buba ukudla okuhle. Uma utshani bungcolile, kuzodala ubuthi. Futhi, ngemuva kokuhamba, kufanele uhlole imikhaza engaba abathwali bamagciwane ayingozi.
Izici Zokudla
Naphezu kosayizi wabo omncane, onogwaja bangamakhanketi wangempela. Badinga ukutholakala njalo kokudla, ngoba unogwaja udla izikhathi ezingama-25 ngosuku. Umkhiqizo oyinhloko ekudleni kwalezi ngamagundane hay hay. Kufanele ibe sezingeni eliphezulu, iphunga okuhle.
Njengokwelapha, kuyadingeka ukunikeza ngamagundane ngotshani obusha, ucezu oluncane lwe-apula kanye nesanqante. Kodwa-ke, ukudonswa okunjalo kumele kwethulwe kusuka ezinyangeni ezimbili zeminyaka. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, sifundiswa ukuthi onogwaja bayayithanda iklabishi. Yize lokhu kudla okumnandi kungenye yezinto ezithandwa kakhulu, akukufanele ukuthwalwa kakhulu, ngoba onogwaja banesisu esiqhekezwe iklabishi, ngakho-ke kufanele sinikezwe ngenani elincane.
Inani elincane lesinkwa esimhlophe esimhlophe ngeke lizilimaze pussies. Esitokisini kumele kuhlale kunehlumela ngaphandle kwamaqabunga. Ingasikwa esihlahleni sama-apula, eliphakathi kwe, i-birch, umlotha wentaba noma isihlahla esine-currant. Ebusika, unganikeza i-sprig ye-pine noma i-spruce.
Uhlu lwemikhiqizo evinjelwe onogwaja bokuhlobisa ifaka:
- izithelo ezijwayelekile (ikakhulukazi izithelo zosawolintshi),
- amaswidi,
- Ukudla okunama-asidi amaningi,
- imikhiqizo yokubhaka,
- amazambane,
- plums.
Ungakhohlwa ngamazinyo ukuthi onogwaja kumele bahlale begaya. Kulokhu, kubekwa itshe lamaminerali ekhejini. Akusizi nje kuphela ukugaya izisebe, kodwa futhi kugcwalisa umzimba wesilwane ngamaminerali ongakutholi ngokudla.
Ukudla okulinganiselayo, imenyu ye-rodent kufanele ifake:
- hay - 150-200 g
- utshani obuluhlaza - 8% ngesisindo sonogwaja,
- imifino - 1-1,5 izinkomishi ngekhilogremu yesisindo bukhoma,
- izithelo - 1 tbsp. lhhayi ngaphezulu kwesine ngesonto,
- okuphakelayo okhethekile - 1-2 tbsp. l.,
- usawoti - hhayi ngaphezu kwe-2% yenani eliphelele lokuphakelayo.
Ukuhlanzeka nokuhlanza
Onogwaja abasebenza emgodini bayakwazi ukuhlala iminyaka eyi-10. Kodwa-ke, ukuze izilwane zihlale ziphilile, kufanele wazi ukuthi uzinakekela kanjani. Ama-miniature ngamagundane adinga ukunakekelwa njalo. Nsuku zonke udinga ukuhlanza amehlo nezindlebe zakho. Amehlo akufanele aphenduke omuncu. Isibabule akufanele sibuthane ngokuqinile ezindlebeni. Kodwa-ke, uma ubona lezi zibonakaliso, futhi kuvela iphunga elingemnandi kusuka ezindlebeni, kuyaphuthuma ukukhombisa isilwane sakho kudokotela.
Abanikazi abaningi bomvundla wokuhlobisa bavame ukubuza ukuthi izilwane zabo ezifuywayo zingagezwa yini. Umbono wochwepheshe uyinqaba. Abaningi babo bayangabaza ngalolu daba, ngoba ngesikhathi sokugeza, unogwaja uyakwazi ukulahlekelwa ukugcotshwa kwesikhumba okuvikelayo. Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni izinwele nokulunywa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilwane singabamba umkhuhlane, futhi inqubo uqobo lwayo izobangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, abaningi abancomi ukugeza onogwaja, bakuthethelele lokhu ngeqiniso lokuthi, uma kunesidingo, isilwane sizikhotha.
Ukugeza kunconywa ezimweni ezinjalo:
- ngezinhloso zokuthibela - isikhathi esingu-1 ezinyangeni ezi-6,
- njengesimo esiphuthumayo uma kunokushiswa ukushisa noma uma kusongela isilwane,
- uma ijazi lesilwane singcolile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzodinga umbhangqwana owengeziwe wezandla, umsizi uzobamba isilwane. Cwilisa unogwaja bese usebenza inani elincane le-shampoo. Hlikihla ijazi bese usula i-shampoo ngamanzi amaningi. Lapho uhlanza i-shampoo, kungcono ukusebenzisa ibhakede noma ukuthambisa kunokuba kugeze, ngoba isilwane singashiswa yingcindezi enamandla nomsindo wokudonsa kwamanzi. Ngemuva kokugeza i-shampoo, isilwane kufanele sigoqwe ngethawula elihlanzekile futhi somiswe kahle. Ungadinga hhayi eyodwa kuphela, kodwa amathawula ambalwa. Ngemuva kokusula unogwaja, musa ukushesha ukuwuyeka.
Ngemuva kwakho konke, ijazi kufanele lome ngokuphelele. Umgcini wezinwele uzosiza ukusheshisa le nqubo. Noma kunjalo, akufanele usebenzise isivinini esiphezulu. Kungcono ukuyikhanyisa kube kuncane bese uyigcina ibanga elingama-50 cm ukusuka esilwaneni.
Uma uboya be-fluffy bungcolile, isilwane leso singagezwa ngengxenye (kuphela indawo lapho kukhona ukungcola). Inqubo yokubhukuda enjalo ifana naleso esedlule. Ukugeza okunjalo kuhlanganisa nokugeza okulula esimweni sezulu esishisayo.
Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kwamehlo njalo nezindlebe njalo, kanye nokugeza ngezikhathi ezithile, kuyingxenye yokuhlanzeka konogwaja. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi izindwani zabo zibukhali ngokwanele futhi badinga ukusikwa njalo. Kwenze lokhu izikhathi ezi-1-2 emavikini ama-4. Kuyadingeka ukwenza inqubo enjalo ngokuqapha ngokweqile, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi kulimaze uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi.
Ukuze izinwele zezinogwaja zokuhlobisa zihlale zizinhle, kuyadingeka ukuwuxuba kube kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7. Uma unohlobo olunezinwele ezinde, kufanele ukwenze nsuku zonke. Gada isimo samazinyo - kufanele aqhubeke ukugaya. Kule nqubo, hay, okusanhlamvu, amagatsha ezihlahla azosiza. Uma ungakunaki ukondliwa, khona-ke amazinyo azokhula ngokushesha, futhi ngenxa yalokho, unogwaja uzophelelwa yisifiso sokudla ngenxa yempilo engeyinhle.
Ikheji lidinga ukuhlanzwa masonto onke. Ama-feeders nezitsha zokuphuza zidinga ukugezwa nsuku zonke. Kufanele futhi ushintshe ugqoko nsuku zonke, noma kaningi. Lokhu kuzosusa iphunga elingemnandi endlini.
Imfucumfucu esitokisini iyashintsha njalo ngosuku noma lapho iba manzi. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kumele yomile njalo. Ukuhlanza ngokuphelele ikheji, okubandakanya ukugeza, kumele kwenziwe kanye njalo emavikini amabili.
Ukuqeqeshwa nemidlalo
Isimo esisebenzayo sogwaja sidinga imidlalo yansuku zonke. Uma ungakunaki lokhu, khona-ke unogwaja osuka ekuxinekeni uqala ukwephula iphepha lokunamathisela odongeni, ukugaya izintambo kwezinye izinto.Kungakho kungafanele uvumele onogwaja ukuba bahambe bazungeze ifulethi kunganakekelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, angamane amake insimu kwenye indawo, okuzoba futhi isimanga esingathandekiyo kubanikazi bayo.
Ukudlala unogwaja kungcono ngesikhathi esichazwe kahle, esizokufanelekela. Lokhu kuzophinda kukhange isilwane sakho, esijwayela ngokushesha inqubo. Kepha kufanelekile futhi ukucabanga ukuthi onogwaja ekuseni yibona abasebenze kakhulu. Akufanele futhi ukuphazamisa izilwane lapho zilala, zidla noma zenza inhlanzeko yazo. Ukuze uqale umdlalo udinga ukulala phansi. Kulesi sikhundla, uzoba sendleleni nonogwaja, futhi uzozizwa ekhululekile kakhudlwana. Ukuthulisa isilwane, ungasifuya noma usivumele sikhuphuke. Udinga ukubekezela, ngoba ekuqaleni izilwane zinamahloni kakhulu futhi kungenzeka zingakhombisi intshisekelo yemidlalo nakancane.
Ukuze udlale nowonakele, ungasebenzisa izinto ezilandelayo:
- ibhola ngaphakathi lapho okukhona khona ummbila,
- izaqathe zokhuni, ezizosebenza njengesixhobo esihle sokuqondisa amazinyo,
- ibhokisi lapho kukhona izimbobo eziningana,
- ibhaluni,
- amakhadibhodi avela emqulwini wephepha lasendlini yangasese,
- ucezwana oluncane lwentambo yemvelo.
Udinga ukuqala ukuqeqesha kuphela lapho isilwane sinomusa kuwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanelekile ukubheka imizwa yakhe nokuzizwa kwakhe yindlala.
Ukufundisa unogwaja ukuphendula igama lakhe akulula kangako, kepha kudinga ukubekezela okuthile. Thatha izingcezu ezimbalwa zezinto ezinhle bese ubiza isilwane sakho. Uma ephendula igama lakhe, bese umdumisa futhi unikeze ucezu lwezinto ezinhle njengomvuzo.
Phinda lo msebenzi kaningana ngosuku kuze kube yilapho unogwaja esabela ngokuzimela egameni lawo ngaphandle koswidi. Khumbula ukuthi igama kufanele libizwe ngomqondo owodwa, khona-ke owonayo uzolikhumbula ngokushesha. Ungaphatheki kabi uma isilwane singasabeli kuwe nganoma iyiphi indlela. Lokhu kungakhombisa ukuthi akanandaba noma akaneme. Mhlawumbe, abaningi babone ividiyo lapho unogwaja ehlekisa khona lapho efaka ibhola, futhi kubonakala sengathi ungumdlali webhola ngokwemvelo. Maye, imvelo ayizange inike lezi zilwane amandla anjalo, kepha abanikazi abamangazayo bathola indlela yokubafundisa ubuqili obunje.
Vele ufihle ucezu lwezinto ezinhle kakhulu. Ungathatha i-parsley noma izaqathi. Shayela isilwane futhi ukhombise okulele ngaphansi kwebhola. Ukuze athole ukwelashwa akuthandayo, uzophoqelelwa ukuba acindezele ibhola ngekhala lakhe. Phinda lokhu kuvivinya njalo, futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana ukudakwa ngeke kudalwe, kanti nesilwane sizimisele kakhulu ukusunduza ibhola.
Ukwenza i-skateboarder yangempela ye-eared encane nakho akunzima. Kuliqiniso, ngalokhu udinga isikhumba esiseduze, usayizi waso ongeke usaba ngaphezu kwesilwane uqobo. Okokuqala, kudingeka ufundise isilwane ukusabela ngokuthula ukuze skate futhi ugibele kuso. Kulokhu, lesi silwane sibizwa ngokuthi phezulu bese kufakwa isiphuzo esikhumbeni, futhi lapho isilwane sikhwela kuso, basigingqa ngokucophelela.
Ungabeka nje unogwaja emotweni enjalo bese ugibela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho ivumelana, ungabeka i-skate ngaphezulu kwendiza ethile bese ubiza i-puss. Uzobe ulindwe ucezu lwezinto ezinhle. Ukuthola ukudla, isilwane kuzofanela siphume. Kusukela ohlangothini, lobu buqili bubukeka buhlaba umxhwele kakhulu.
Ngosizo lokudumisa nokukhuthaza, ungafunda amaqhinga ahlukahlukene bese wenza umlingisi wesekethe abe yintandokazi yakhe. Lapho uziqeqesha noma umdlalo ojwayelekile, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi unogwaja uqobo unquma ukuthi ungadlala malini nokuthi yimiphi imidlalo. Ngakho-ke, ungamangali uma ngezinsuku ezahlukahlukene unogwaja usabela ngendlela ehlukile kwithoyi elifanayo. Nikeza isilwane ithuba lokuzikhethela ngokuzimele nokuthi yini okufanele sidlale.
Okudingayo ukuthenga unogwaja wokuhlobisa
Ukuhlala ngokunethezeka isilwane kuqinisekisa impilo ende futhi kunciphisa nengozi yokuthola izifo.
Ukuhlala kahle kwezilwane ezifuywayo kuqinisekisa impilo ende
Esitolo sezilwane uzodinga ukuthenga imishini elandelayo:
- Ugqoko. Abahlakuleli onogwaja abanokuhlangenwe nakho bathenga amathreyi amaningana - babeka enye phansi efulethini lokuhamba. Kungcono ukukhetha indlu yangasese enezinhlangothi eziphakeme neyodwa ebanzi, khona-ke isicwengi ngeke siphume. Olunye uhlangothi ugqoko lwenziwe lwaphansi ukuze kube lula isilwane.
- Isiphuzo esizenzakalelayo. Kuqondiswe ku-hlupha. Amanzi ahlinzekwa ngokulandelana, okugcina ukuqhuma kwawo isikhathi eside. Ungazenza ngokwakho kusuka ebhodleleni lepulasitiki.
- I-nursery yosuku. I-hay ibekwe ngaphandle kwezindawo ezikhethekile zokunakekela izingane, ezixhumene nezixhumanisi zamaselula noma zibekwe phansi.
- Okuphakelayo okusanhlamvu. Kumele ithengwe isindayo, kukhona amamodeli ane-Mount to cage.
- Ukuthwala. Kuzodingeka ukuhamba nokuhambela kudokotela wezilwane, mhlawumbe ngeplastiki noma ngesikhwama.
- Amathoyizi Onogwaja banesimo sokudlala, sokudlala. Ukuze ulondoloze umuzwa omuhle wesifuyo sakho, uzodinga ukuthenga isondo, ama-mazes, ama-mats, njll.
- Indlu. Emkhombeni ukufaka indlu lapho isilwane isilala khona siphumule.
- Ilitha ekhejini. Kungcono ukuthatha kusuka ezintweni zemvelo - hay, sawdust, utshani. Ukuqina kungaphansi kwama-3-5 cm.
- I-Leash noma i-harness. Iwusizo ukuhamba.
- Ibhulashi lokuhlanganisa, iziqeshana. Kudingekile ngezinqubo zokuhlanzeka.
Yonke yokusungula kufanele igcinwe ihlanzekile: lokhu kuzosusa iphunga elibi.
Izifo nokugoma konogwaja
Ukunakekelwa okungekho emthethweni kungavusa ukuqubuka kwesilwane. Umsoco futhi ubamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekwakhiweni nasekulondolozweni kwesilwane.
Isilwane sihlaselwa yilezi zifo ezilandelayo:
- Ukudla okumpofu ngezimo ezingalunganga zidala izinkinga ngohlelo lokugaya ukudla. Ukungajabuli kubonakaliswa ngokuhlaselwa yisifo sohudo noma isifo sohudo, ukwanda kwerhasi. Ku-udoti, umphunga onamabala egazi angabonakala.
- Ukwephula izinga lokushisa, okusalungiswa okuqinile kuholela ku-pathologies yohlelo lokuphefumula. Isilwane esifuywayo siba sibi kakhulu, sihlala sithutha. Ulwelwesi lwe-mucous olukhanyayo, ukuphefumula kaningi, okuhambisana nokuphefumula, kubonisa ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu noma i-bronchi.
- Izimo ezingacwasi okuqukethwe kubangela i-conjunctivitis yamehlo.
- I-Plentiful ponophakathi nobuthakathaka kanye nokwehla okukhulu kwesisindo kuyizimpawu zokutheleleka kwesilwane yizikelemu.
- Ukuba khona inikeza amabala abomvu esikhunjeni, ukulunywa ngesimo sokuntengantenga kwesilwane.
- Ukulahleka koboya ngamanani amakhulu ngezimpawu zokubuyisa i-hairline kukhombisa ubukhona bemikhaza.
- Amaqhubu anezigaxa ezikhona emzimbeni bakhuluma nge-myxomatosis, edluliswa ngomiyane, amaza kanye nemikhaza. Futhi, lesi sifo singadala umaki emzimbeni wesilwane kusuka emhlangeni wekati noma inja.
- Izifo zohlelo lwezitho zofuzo kungabonakala igazi emchameni.
- Onogwaja basengcupheni yezifo ezinjenge-tumor. i-benign (fibroadenoma nge-papilloma) ne-malignant (sarcoma, lymphoma noma i-adenocarcinoma).
- Izinambuzane ezinamagciwane noma amagciwane kungadala ukuthuthukiswa kwama-pathologies ayingozi - coccidiosis, salmonellosis, stomatitis, mastitis nabanye.
Lapho sinezimpawu zokuqala ze-malaise, lesi silwane asikwazi ukwelashwa ngokwaso. Kuyadingeka ukubiza udokotela wezilwane ekhaya noma ukuyisa onogwaja emtholampilo wezilwane. Usizo lwezokwelashwa olunikezwe ngesikhathi luzosindisa impilo nokuphila kwezilwane zasekhaya.
Isheduli yokugoma eqhubekayo ifaka imigomo yokulwa ne-myxomatosis, isifo se-hemorrhagic isifo, i-paratyphoid, pasteurellosis ne-listeriosis.
Ngaphambi kokuya kwesinye isifunda, uzodinga ukuthola umuthi wokugomela isifo samarabi. Kunconywa ukuthi isilwane sivame ukubizwa i-anthelminthic: kanye ezinyangeni ezi-2-3.
Izinkinga Zocansi Kumaphekula Nokubeletha
Ukuthomba kwemivundla yokuhlobisa kwenzeka ngenyanga yesi-3 noma yesi-4. Uma inzalo ingahlelwanga, khona-ke abantu abathandana nobungqingili kufanele badluliselwe emakhejini noma ezindizeni ezihlukile.
Isikhathi sokuthomba sitholwa yizimpawu ezilandelayo:
- isilwane sinolaka, siyaluma,
- kunomsebenzi owandisiwe
- unogwaja umaka amakhona, ifenisha efulethini ngenkathi uhamba,
- izinsikazi zakha isidleke
- isilwane asinaki ugqoko.
Awekho amaphilisi akhethekile angavimba umsebenzi wezocansi. Ukubekezela ngezinyathelo zokufunda kuyasiza lapha.
Ukuxoshwa noma ukubulala inzalo kuyadingeka ngokweqile kwesilwane noma ngenxa yezizathu zokwelashwa. Inqubo inconywa intsha.
Amamatheke
Ukuze igumbi lingenalo iphunga elifana nesibaya, udinga ngokushesha ujwayele unogwaja endlini yangasese. Njengomqeshisi wefiller iphepha elifanelekile, utshani, ukugoqwa kwezihlahla eziqinile kanye ne-sawdust. Ugqoko ngokwawo kufanele unamathele ngokuqinile odongeni, uma kungenjalo unogwaja uyogeleza.
Kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa "amathoyilethi ekhoneni". Akunjalo, ungafaki udoti phansi, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzokonakalisa yonke indawo, futhi notshani (sawdust) osungene ekugunjini luzokhipha iphunga elingajabulisi.
Inani lomdlalo onogwaja
Onogwaja banesimo esijabulisayo, esidlalayo. Umdlalo umcimbi obalulekile kubo. Isilwane esifuywayo sidinga ukuhlinzekwa ngokusethwa okudingekayo kwamathoyizi - lokhu kungaba yibhola, izithelo noma imifino eyenziwe ngokhuni, i-maze, isondo, njll.
Izitolo zezilwane ezifuywayo zinezinto ezahlukahlukene zokuzijabulisa. Ukuba khona kwamathoyizi kuzosindisa iphepha lokunamathisela odongeni, ifenisha kanye nezinye izinto ezingaphakathi kusuka kuzipho zesilwane.
Ehlelweni lokuhlala ngokuhlanganyela efulethini nezinye izilwane, ungakha ubungane nabo kancane kancane. Ngemuva kwalokho imidlalo emnandi nekati noma inja izongezwa kumathoyizi.
Efulethini nasekhejini, unogwaja udinga ukuhlela i-aviary ekhethekile (playpen) yomdlalo.
Kancane
Imvamisa, lapho sebethole unogwaja, abantu benza iphutha, bekholelwa ukuthi lowo ozibona ngokwakhe uyazi ukuthi unamalini. Kepha kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha useyingane. Ukuhlobisa onogwaja kuhamba kancane, balale ngaphezulu, abanazimo ezicindezelayo, ngakho-ke, izinqubo ze-metabolic ziyancipha, futhi ukudla ngokweqile kungaholela ekukhulupheni.
Ungawuteta kanjani unogwaja ezingalweni zakho
Thinta unogwaja ofuywayo ngokushesha: lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukucindezelwa esilwaneni nokwenza lula ukunakekelwa.Inqubo yokulutha ihlala kusuka ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa kuya ezinyangeni ezingama-3-4, kuya ngohlobo lwesilwane kanye nobudala. Ukukhula okusha kwenza ukuthintana kusheshe. Abantu abadala bayacophelela futhi banamahloni.
Lapho uhamba isilwane, udinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela
Ngosuku lokuqala, isilwane kufanele sinikezwe isikhathi sokujwayela ikhaya elisha. Ungamphazamisi. Ungaxoxa uthule nesilwane ngemuva kokulala phansi ukuze uphumule. Lapha kutuswa ukuba umjwayele igama lakhe lesidlaliso - azibize ngegama. Udinga ukukhuluma ngezwi elizolile futhi uhambe kahle: izilwane zinamahloni kakhulu.
Uma kungekho zimpawu zokwesaba, ungaqhubeka nokujwayela izandla. Kuzothatha nesikhathi. Ungakwazi ukunamathela isandla sakho ekhejini bese ulivumela ukuthi lidonsa, londle izinto ezinhle ezivela ezandleni zakho. Lapho isilwane siyeka ukwesaba izandla, ungaqala ukushaya ngobumnene.
Ngemuva kwalokhu, kufanele uqale ukujwayelana nefulethi. Ikheji kufanele lishiywe livulekile futhi lihlale phansi ngaphandle kokunyakaza. Ilukuluku lemvelo lizomenza aphume endaweni yakhe ejwayelekile. Kuyafaneleka ukunika unogwaja ithuba lokufunda umnikazi bese uwondla nge-cracker emnandi noma isipuni semifino. Kufanele abuyele ekhejini uqobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungafaka okuthile okumnandi ekhejini.
Lapho uhamba isilwane, udinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela - Vimbela ukulimala kwefenisha, iphepha lokunamathisela odongeni nezinye izinto ezifinyelelekayo.
Ungajwayela kancane kancane isilwane sakho ukuzikhetha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngenkathi uhamba, gcina isandla sakho phansi, sandlale phezulu. Lapho isilwane sikhwela esandleni, siphakanyiswa kancane. Qhubeka ngale ndlela aze akujwayele. Isandla ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele sisuke ngaphansi, khona-ke isilwane siyothembela.
Okuqukethwe okujwayelekile
Ubukhulu bengqimba yezitha esitokisini kufanele bube ngamasentimitha amathathu noma amahlanu, ikheji kufanele libe sendlini evikelekile kokubhaliwe futhi kubanda. Ukuthungwa kwe-hay noma kwezinkuni kulungile ophelele embhedeni.Onogwaja abasebancane bavame ukujikisa umphakeli. Yenza isilwane sakho sibe i-feeder elenga noma i-feed ka-ceramic (eyokugcina izoba nzima futhi kube nzima ukuyishintsha).
Ukuhlobisa onogwaja bahlala bedinga amanzi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile. Kungakuhle ukufaka othomathisayo ophuzayo nge-othosi ekhejini. Izilwane ezifuywayo azidingi kuhamba, noma kunjalo, ngenkathi efudumele zingahanjiswa ngokuhamba otshanini (gqoka izithambazana).
Uma uvula ikheji futhi ukhulule isilwane - ukuze ugweme okusalungiswa, kuzodingeka uvale yonke iminyango namafasitela. Lapho isilwane sihamba, mbhekele ukuze angalimali ngephutha. Khumbula ukuthi uma unogwaja egijima efulethini, zilungele ukulihlanza. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlanze ikheji ngesikhathi, uma kungenjalo, kuzoba nephunga elinamandla egumbini kanye nasezilwaneni uqobo.
Ngakho-ke ukuthi onogwaja abanezinwele ezinde abazakhi izingibe - bahlangana izinwele zabo ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ikheji kufanele libanzi - usayizi wesilwane amahlandla amane. Kufanele kube nesikhala esanele emgodini wethreyi, izitsha zokuphuza, abondli, indlu yokuphumula. Thatha ugqoko lwamakheji epulasitiki. Ugqoko we-lattice alufanele, ngoba ama-paws womvundla ngeke akwazi ukuzivumelanisa nothayela onjalo. Ungagcobhozi sawdust noma utshani ezansi kwekheji ukuze unogwaja ungahlali uye endlini yangasese kuyo yonke ikheji. Ikheji kufanele libe naphansi elingashisi. Ungathela utshani, iphepha, ukhuni, ukusikwa okuvela ezihlahleni eziqatha emgqonyeni. Isitsha se-ceramic esindayo sisebenzelana nokudla okusanhlamvu. Faka isivalo isiphuzo kanye nenkulisa ye-hay kwimigoqo yezinyoni.
Abantu abadala
Abantu abadala bondliwa kanye ngosuku, bangabaniki izipuni ezi-4. Ukwehlukanisa ukudla okudliwayo kwesilwane, ungasihluza ngokulandelayo: amahlumela ngesiphuphu se-conifers (umsedari, umsayiphu, uphayini, umjunipha kanye ne-spruce), omisiwe, ubhanana omisiwe, ama-apricots omisiwe (izingcezu ezincane izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto), iklabishi (ngaphandle kweklabishi elimhlophe) , izaqathe, ukhukhamba (ezingxenyeni ezincane), iziqongo ze-beet, izaqathe, dill (uma unesivande sakho). Kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukunikeza amaswidi, amazambane, ubisi, iklabishi elimhlophe, amaplamu, amagilebhisi namawolintshi.
Imithetho yokunakekela eyisisekelo:
- Ukuphakelwa okusha kufanele kwethulwe kancane kancane, ngaphandle kokuxubana neminye imisebenzi emincane.
- Amanzi kufanele ahlanzeke futhi axazululwe.
- Hay kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kube semkhombeni.
- Ukuze unogwaja alole amazinyo akhe ukuze anikeze amagatsha e-birch, alder, apula, willow, pear.
- Ngaphambi kokunikeza ukudla (izithelo, imifino, amaqabunga, njll.), Qiniseka ukuthi ukugeza futhi ukuomile.
- Faka itshe lamaminerali kasawoti.
- Musa ukunikeza ukudla kusuka etafuleni elijwayelekile.
Uhamba
Ukuhamba emoyeni omusha akusizi ezilwaneni kuphela, kodwa nakumnikazi wawo.
Izimo ezidingekayo zokuboshwa:
- Ukugoma kwenziwa ngokugcwele.
- Kufinyelelwe izinyanga ezine ubudala.
- Ungafaka i-harness esilwaneni.
Ngaphambi kokuqala "kwenkathi" yokuhamba udinga ukujwayela ukuvuza. Khumbula awukwazi ukufaka ikholaji, i-harness kuphela. Umnikazi kuzodingeka abekezele, ngoba inqubo yokuziqeqesha ngokuvuza ayilula futhi yinde.
Okokuqala, faka i-harness kwi-earmuff imizuzu embalwa, bese uyandisa isikhathi kancane kancane. Qala ukuhamba kwakho endaweni ezolile, lapho unogwaja ongasabi muntu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukucindezela kokuqala emgwaqweni kuzoqeda ukuhamba.
Izici zokugcina onogwaja efulethini
Ukugcina onogwaja bokuhlobisa efulethini kulula. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukuhlinzeka ngezimo zokunethezeka zesilwane nokubheka impilo. Awukwazi ukumgcina ekhejini ngaso sonke isikhathi - onogwaja badinga ukunyakaza.
Ukuntuleka kokunyakaza nendawo kuholela ezinkingeni ezibucayi enhlalakahleni yomvundla: ukukhuluphala, i-dystrophy yezicubu nemithambo yesikhumba, ukuvuvukala komzimba, njll.
Ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngokukhululeka uzungeza efulethini udinga ukuqapha ukuphepha kwesilwane sakho: susa izintambo, izincwadi, ama-slipper. Kuyadingeka ukuvala iminyango ukuze ungalimazi ngengozi. Ungenza i-aviary ebiyelwe ku-loggia noma efulethini, lapho angahamba ngokukhululeka ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo yakhe.
Ukuhamba emoyeni omusha ezinyangeni ezifudumele kuzoletha inzuzo nethabo isilwane sakho. Kunconywa ukugwema amathini kadoti, imigwaqo emikhulu kanye nezinja ezinolaka. Isifuyo sigcinwa kwikhola.
Ukubaluleka Kwemidlalo Yabahlengikazi
Kuzodingeka udlale nsuku zonke, ngaphandle kwalokho yena ngokwakhe uzothola ezokuzijabulisa ezingeke zithokozise umnikazi we-cute fluffy (ngokwesibonelo, iphepha lokunameka). Awungeke nje ukhiphe i-ered egijimisa indlu futhi uyiyeke ingagadiwe. Noma shit ekhoneni, noma ulimale. Ukuhlobisa izilwane ezifuywayo kuhlukile ekushiseni, ngakho-ke akhetha amathoyizi ahlukile.
Izinketho ezingaba khona zamathoyizi:
- Ibhola elinomdlandla ngaphakathi
- Izaqathi (zokhuni) zokwenziwa kwamaphoyinti,
- Ibhokisi le-Carton elinezimbobo eziningi,
- Indwangu encane eyenziwe ngokotini noma yelineni
- Ibhaluni,
- Ukuqoshwa kwamakhadibhodi kusuka ephepheni lasendlini yangasese.
Amaqiniso Onogwaja
- Zivame ukudidaniswa nama hares, kepha lokhu akunjalo. Kunokwehluka okuningi phakathi kwabo, ngaphandle kokuthi bayizihlobo ngomqondo wemvelo.
- Onogwaja basendle bangagijima ngesivinini esifinyelela ku-50-55 km / h.
- Zonke izinhlobo eziyi-16 zonogwaja baseMelika bahlala emahlathini nasezixhaphozini, futhi abazimbeki ezabo izimbobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bagibela izihlahla ngokuphelele. Futhi ngaphandle kwaseNyakatho Melika, bonke onogwaja bahlala bodwa emabeleni, futhi abakwazi ukukhwela izihlahla (amaqiniso athakazisayo ngeNyakatho Melika).
- Onogwaja kanye namagundane afana nama-hamsters namagundane kunokhokho abajwayelekile abaphila izigidi eziningi zeminyaka edlule. Kodwa-ke, azikabi zezigundane.
- Ngaphezu kwe-50% yabo bonke onogwaja emhlabeni bahlala eNyakatho Melika.
- Onogwaja basendle base-Europe bmba imisele ejulile futhi enamazinyo, kwesinye isikhathi ehlangana nawo wonke amadolobha angaphansi komhlaba.
- Onogwaja baseMelika bahlala bodwa, futhi zonke ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zivame ukuba khona ngamaqembu.
- Endle wonke umuntu uzingela onogwaja. Basindiswa ekuqothulweni kuphela iqiniso lokuthi bazala ngesivinini esikhulu.
- Uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, lezi zilwane zithanda ukubaleka, kepha uma ziqhutshelwa ekhoneni, zingena zonke futhi zizame ukuzivikela. Ngosizo lwemilenze yangemuva enamandla enezihlakala ezibukhali, unogwaja ongenangozi angambulala noma alimaze kabi umhlaseli.
- Bahlafuna ngokushesha okukhulu. Lapho unogwaja udla, umhlathi wawo wenza isilinganiso sokunyakaza kabili ngomzuzwana, futhi ungahlafuna isikhathi eside kakhulu ngaphandle kokukhathala.
- Isisindo sabantu abadala bezilwane zasendle ezinkulu kakhulu kwesinye isikhathi asidluli kuma-3.5-4 kg, kepha onogwaja basekhaya bangaba isisindo esingu-10-11 kg.
- Kwakungekho onogwaja e-Australia aze ayiswa lapho ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Kusukela lapho baye bazala kakhulu futhi baba yingozi enkulu emvelweni. Badutshulwa, kwafakwa uthango oluvikelekile kubo, futhi maphakathi nekhulu lama-20 kwahanjiswa igciwane elikhethekile kubo, elanciphisa inani labantu babo kumanani amukelekayo (amaqiniso athakazisayo nge-Australia).
- Ngenxa yokuthi onogwaja bayizisulu ezilula, ngokwesilinganiso bahlala endle isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Kepha izinhlobo zazo ezifuywayo zingahlala iminyaka eyi-10-12, uma uzungeza ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Amarekhodi asemthethweni yiminyaka engu-19.
- Imilenze yazo engemuva iwavumela ukuba agxume aze afike kumamitha ayi-2-3 ngobude namamitha ayi-1-1,5 ukuphakama.
- Imvelo iguqule amehlo onogwaja ekubukweni okuhle ukuze ngaso sonke isikhathi bakwazi ukubona umhlaseli owanyisayo. Ngakho-ke, onogwaja babona ngisho nokuthi kwenzekani ngemuva kwabo, ngaphandle kokuguqula amakhanda abo.
- Njengabantu, lezi zilwane,, uma kungenzeka kube nokwesaba okukhulu, zingafa ngempela ukwesaba.
- Amaphara ama-paws we-sungs angajuluka ngesimo sezulu esishisayo.
- Onogwaja besifazane banesibeletho esiphindwe kabili, esibavumela ukuba bakwazi ukuthwala izizukulwane ezimbili ngasikhathi sinye, ngaphezu kwalokho abesilisa abahlukile.
- Ngokwesilinganiso, izindlebe zonogwaja zinobudeamasentimitha angama-8 kuya kwele-12, kodwa unogwaja ofuywayo wangena encwadini yamarekhodi, izindlebe zawo zafinyelela ubude ngamasentimitha angama-80.
- Eminye yemfuzo yabo ivuthwa ngokocansi inezinyanga ezintathu. Ngokwengxenye lokhu kuchaza ukuzala kwabo.
- Onogwaja baletha inzalo eningi ngesikhathi, kepha insikazi uqobo ngokuvamile ayikwazi ukushiya onogwaja abasanda kuzalwa. Uma umsiza, bangasinda. Irekhodi elisemthethweni lenzalo lingunogwaja abangama-24 ngasikhathi sinye.
- Lezi zilwane ziphuza amanzi amaningi. Ngakho-ke, unogwaja onesisindo esingamakhilogremu angaphuza ngaphezu kwenja amahlandla awo ayisihlanu.
- Ngesikhathi semikhumbi yokuhamba ngomkhumbi, emakhulwini eminyaka angama-17-18, amatilosi ayevame ukukhipha onogwaja eziqhingini ezingagudliwe. Lokhu kwenziwe ukuze kuthi uma abantu befika esiqhingini ngenxa yokuphukelwa ngumkhumbi, babe nomthombo wokudla.
- Ama-Aztec athola utshwala ngokuthola onogwaja abathile abilisiwe ngemuva kokudla i-cacti ethosiwe.
- Esifundazweni sase-Australia saseQueensland, kuvinjelwe umthetho ukugcina onogwaja, ngisho nezinhlobo zokuhlobisa. Ama-violators abhekene nenhlawulo yamadola ase-Australia ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30.
- Kukhona cishe izinkulungwane ezingama-17 zokunambitha ezilimini lwerabi.
- Eqinisweni, onogwaja banamazinyo amaningi kakhulu kunendlela ebukeka ngayo ekuqaleni - eningi ngangama-28.