Amalungiselelo wokuklanywa kokungcola okungakapheli nemikhawulo yokulahla kwawo (PNOOLR) - Lokhu kungumbhalo obalulekile wamabhizinisi enqubo lapho kukhiqizwa imfucumfucu eyingozi eningi.
Ubuciko. 11. Umthetho weFederal "On Production and Consuse Wonets" wangoJuni 24, 1998. Cha. 89-ФЗ “Osomabhizinisi abazimele kanye nezinhlaka zomthetho ekusebenzeni kwamabhizinisi, izakhiwo, izinhlaka, izinhlaka nezinye izakhiwo ezihlobene nokuphathwa kwemfucuza, Kuyabophezeleka: ukuthuthukisa amazinga asalungiswa wokukhishwa kwemfucuza kanye nemikhawulo yokulahla (PNOOLR) imfucuza ukuze kuncishiswe isizukulwane sayo ”futhi
Ubuciko. 18. "Ukuze uqinisekise ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nempilo yabantu, yehlisa inani lemfucuza esetshenziselwa osomabhizinisi abazimele kanye nezinhlaka zezomthetho ezisebenza emkhakheni wokuphathwa kwemfucuza, kusungulwe amazinga wokusebenzisa imfucuza nemingcele yokulahla kwabo", emkhakheni wezokuphatha imfucuza, bakha amazinga asalungiswa wokuzala imfucuza kanye nemikhawulo yokulahla kwabo. "
I-PNOOLR ifanekisela amandla ukudalwa kokungcola okuyingozi futhi idinga ukusebenzisana nezinsizakalo ezidingakalayo zemvelo: - ezinhlanganweni zezwe ze-Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Nuclear Supervision (edolobheni laseSt. Petersburg eRostekhnadzor SZU).
PIphrojekthi ye-NoOOLR ihlinzeka ngomqondo wamazinga wonyaka wesizukulwane sezinhlobo ezithile zokungcola ngokususelwa kumazinga wokuzala wokungcola. Izilinganiso zonyaka zethulwa ngamathani ngonyaka (t / ngonyaka). Izinga lonyaka lokukhiqizwa kukadoti linqunywa kusisekelo seveli yokuphetha udoti noma, njengoba ibizwa njalo, imikhawulo yokungcola okuyingozi. Ngenxa yemisebenzi yabo, izinkampani namabhizinisi akhiqiza imfucumfucu yokusetshenziswa nokusetshenziswa kudingeka ukuba akhokhe ngendlela enqunyelwe inkokhelo yomthelela ongemuhle kwezemvelo.
Imisebenzi esemqoka ekuthuthukisweni I-PNOOLR yilezi:
- ukubalwa kwamazinga wonyaka wokuzala imfucuza,
- ukubalwa kwenani lemfucuza eyenziwe ngonyaka,
-ukucaciswa kwenani lemfucuza ehlongozwayo ukusetshenziswa kanye (noma) nokulahlwa,
-ukucaciswa kwenani lemfucuza ehlongozwayo ukubekwa ngendlela ethile yesikhathi esithile kwizikhungo ezithile zokulahla imfucuza, kucatshangelwa isimo semvelo sendawo.
Ukuqina kwe-PNOORR izinhlaka zezomthetho kanye nosomabhizinisi abazibandakanye ekulahleleni imfucuza enobungozi, kusungulwa ilayisense lapho isikhathi sezinto ziqoqwa, ukusetshenziswa, ukulahlwa, ukuthuthwa, ukulahlwa kukadoti oyingozi. emkhakheni wokuphathwa kukadoti endaweni yemvelo yeBaikal, kubuyekezwa njalo ngonyaka.
Kwezinye izimo, ukuba semthethweni kwePNOOLR Iminyaka emi-5.
Isikhathi sentuthuko Iphrojekthi yongcweti benkampani yethu yizinsuku eziyi-10, kusukela ngesikhathi sokutholwa kwayo yonke imibhalo edingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwe-PNOOLR. Isikhathi sokuvunywa, ngokuya ngemigomo yamanje yeRstechnadzor SZU (izinsuku ezingama-45).
In Intengo ye-PNOOLR Kwakhiwa kuye ngesibalo semfucumfucu eyingozi eyenziwe yibhizinisi elisemthethweni noma usomabhizinisi ngamunye.
Amazinga okusalungiswa wokuzala imfucuza kanye nemikhawulo yokulahla kwawo kufaka lezi zigaba ezilandelayo:
- ikhasi lezihloko, elethwe ngokuhambisana neSithasiselo 2 kule mihlahlandlela,
- okuqukethwe lapho igama nokulandelana kwezigaba zezigaba ze-PNOORR kuboniswa ngezinombolo zamakhasi,
- Imininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana nosomabhizinisi ngamunye noma ibhizinisi elisemthethweni,
- imininingwane kwezomnotho neminye imisebenzi ngenxa yokuqalisa kokusetshenziswa kukadoti,
- imininingwane ngodoti,
- ukubalwa kanye nemvume yamazinga wonyaka wokuzala imfucuza,
- Uhlelo lokuhambisa imfucuza,
- imininingwane yokusebenzisa kanye (noma) yokulahla imfucuza,
- Izici zokugcina imfucuza isikhathi esingafika eminyakeni emi-3 kanye nezizathu zenani elikhulu lokuqongelela imfucuza,
- Izici zokugcina imfucuza isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emi-3 nokulahlwa kukadoti,
- Ukuhlola isimo sendawo ezungezile ezindaweni ezisetshenziselwa ukulahlwa kukadoti nangaphandle komkhawulo womthelela wazo emvelweni,
-ukubekwa kwezindlela zokunciphisa inani lokudonswa kwemfucuza nokulahlwa kwempahla, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezinkambiso nemithetho efanele emkhakheni wokuphathwa kwemfucuza, imininingwane ngezinyathelo eziphuthumayo,
- iziphakamiso zemikhawulo yokulahlwa kukadoti,
- Uhlu lwezinkomba
Isibopho sokungabikho kwephrojekthi ye-NOOLR:
Ubuciko. 18. Ukulinganisa emkhakheni wezokuphathwa kwemfucuza
5. Uma kwenzeka wephula izindinganiso zokudala imfucuza kanye nemikhawulo yokulahla kwazo, imisebenzi yamabhizinisi ngamanye nezinhlaka zezomthetho emkhakheni wokuphathwa kwemfucuza zingakhawulelwa, zimiswe noma zinqanyulwe ngendlela enqunywe ngumthetho weRussian Federation.
6. Ukulawulwa kwemvelo ohlelweni lokulawula imfucuza
6.1. Ukwamukela imfucuza evela kumsebenzisi wemvelo ukuze abekwe ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe (ilayisense yokuphatha imfucuza eyingozi) akuvunyelwe.
6.2. Lapho elahla imfucuza ngaphandle kwemvume, abaphathi bezindawo kuzodingeka bafake isimangalo kumuntu osebenzisa indalo, eqondiswa ngumthetho okhona njengamanje.
Isigaba 8. Ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nezidingo zemvelo ngesikhathi sokuhlela, izifundo ezenzeka ngamaphrojekthi, ukwakheka, indawo, ukwakhiwa, ukwakha kabusha, ukuthumela, ukusebenza kwamabhizinisi, izinhlaka noma ezinye izinto - kufaka ukumiswa kwenhlawulo yokuphatha kuzakhamizi ngenani elisuka emiholweni emithathu kuya kwemihlanu, izikhulu - kusuka amahlandla ayisihlanu kuya kwayishumi umholo omncane; ezinhlanganweni zezomthetho - zisuka ku-50 ziye ku-100 iholo eliphansi (umvuzo omncane).
Isigaba 8.2. Ukwehluleka ukuthobela izidingo zezemvelo nezokuhlanzeka lapho uqoqa, ugcina, usebenzisa, ushisa, ucubungula, unikeza okungenangozi, ukuthutha, ukungcwaba kanye nokunye ukuphatha imfucuza kusuka ekukhiqizweni nasekusetshenzisweni noma kwezinye izinto eziyingozi - kubandakanya ukufakwa kwenhlawulo yokuphatha kuzakhamizi ngenani lemali ephansi emithathu kuya kwemihlanu. imiholo, yezikhulu - kusuka emiholo emihlanu kuya kweshumi, yezinhlangano zezomthetho - kusuka kuma-50 kuye kwayi-100 amaholo aphansi (amaholo aphansi).
Ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nezidingo zokulungiswa kwamazwana, ilungelo lokukhokha inhlawulo eyengeziwe, okokuqala kubalwa izikhathi eziyisihlanu zenhlawulo edlule, bese kuba amahlandla angama-25.
Ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nezidingo zemvelo nezokuhlanzeka lapho uqoqa, ugcina, usebenzisa, ushisa, usebenza, unikezela okungenangozi, ukuthutha, ukungcwaba kanye nokunye ukuphatha imfucuza kusuka ekukhiqizweni nasekusetshenzisweni noma kwezinye izinto eziyingozi - kuzofaka ukufakwa kwenhlawulo yokuphatha enanini lama-ruble ayinkulungwane namakhulu amabili nanhlanu noma ezokuphatha ukumiswa kwenhlangano kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezingama-90.
Ngokushayela inkampani yethu ungathola:
ukubonisana ngenqubo yokuqanjwa nokwamukelwa kwe-Norms engakapheli ye-Education of Wread and Limits yokulahla kwabo (PNOOLR),
ekusebenzeni kahle kwezinkokhelo zemvelo ngenkathi kusungulwa i-PNOOLR,
ezindleleni zobuchwepheshe zokunciphisa inani nesibalo sedoti eyingozi eyenziwe,
Izindleko ze-PNOOLR nokuthi iqukethe ini,
izinqubo zokulawulwa kokungcola okuyingozi,
singakutholela inkampani eqoqa, yokuhambisa nokusebenzisa imfucumfucu eyingozi
Imihlahlandlela yokuthuthukiswa kwe-PNOOLR
Uma ibhizinisi lebhizinisi lisebenza njengomphathi wengxenye yezindawo zokukhiqiza, ezakhiweni noma okokusebenza futhi linikeza umqashi ilungelo lokugcina imfucuza ezindaweni zabo, imfucuza yomqashi kufanele ifakwe kwi-PNEC yomqashi. Esimweni lapho umqashi ngokuzimele enza imisebenzi yokuphatha imfucuza, amadokhumenti aqinisekisa izibopho zomqashi anamathiselwe ku-PNOOLR.
Izinqubo zobuchwepheshe ezivumela uhla oluthile lwezinguquko ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe zezinto zokwenziwa (kokutholwa, amakhemikhali, ukudla, izibalo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nezinye izimboni), kanye nobunzima obukhulu bokubala kokuhlaziya, kusetshenziswa indlela yokuhlola, equkethe ekunqumeni amazinga wokuphetha wokulahlwa kukadoti ngokuya ngesilinganiso sokuhlola endaweni yokukhiqiza. Ekuqaleni, kususelwa ekucutshungweni kwezibalo kwezilinganiso zokuhlola zesisindo somkhiqizo owusizo otholwe kunqwaba yezinto zokwenziwa (izinto zokwenziwa), inkomba kunqunywa ukuthi ifaka iphesenti lomkhiqizo owusizo ophikweni lwezinto ezingavuthiwe ngamaphesenti (S_pp).
uyadukisa. Ngokusho kwePNOLC ekuphatheni kweRosprirodnadzor.
Ukuze ungeze amazwana udinga ukubhalisa
Yiziphi izinhlangano ezidingekayo ukuthi zibe ne-PNOOLR?
Ngubani odinga ukuthuthukisa i-PNOOLR
Esihlokweni se-11 se-Federal Law Nombolo 89, umbuthano wezinhlangano ophoqelekile ukwenza umsebenzi wokudonswa kwemfucumfucu ukuze wehlise inani lazo lokwakhiwa ukhonjiswe ngokucacile - lezi yizinkampani zanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezomthetho nosomabhizinisi abazimele abamisebenzi yabo ihambelana nokusebenza kwezikhungo (izakhiwo, izinhlaka, izimboni. amasayithi) ahlobene ngqo nokulahlwa.
Ngandlela thile, noma yiliphi ibhizinisi linodoti emisebenzini yalo. Umthetho uyakucacisa ukuthi i-PNOOLR yenzelwe lezo zinhlangano ukuthi, ngokubhekela izidingo zokukhiqiza, ixhumana nemfucumfucu eyingozi noma eyingozi noma imfucuza yezinsizakalo enomthelela omubi emvelweni nasezimpilweni zabantu.
Isibonelo, inkampani ingabandakanyeka kwezokuhambisa imfucuza noma inqubo yokulahlwa kwayo. Amanye amabhizinisi abhekene nokulahlwa kukadoti kumkhiqizo wawo.
Ngubani odinga iphrojekthi ye-NOOLR?
Kumabhizinisi amancane naphakathi, asikho isidingo sokwakha iphrojekthi yokungcola, kepha kumele alethe umbiko ngendlela ekhethekile minyaka yonke mayelana nokukhiqizwa kukadoti emisebenzini yawo.
Imigomo nezinhloso zokwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa kwe-PNOOLR
Ukuba khona kwephrojekthi yedoti, evunyelwe nguMnyango weRosprirodnadzor (noma uphiko lwayo oluhlelekile), kunika ilungelo lokuthola idokhumenti lenhlangano yokuvumela imigomo yokuphethwa kukadoti nemikhawulo yokulahla kwabo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inkampani ethile ithola izinkomba zemibhalo ezibhalwe phansi zokulungiswa kwemfucumfucu (umkhawulo omkhulu wohlobo olulodwa) yokulahla kwayo:
Okuqukethwe okuyinhloko kweprojekthi yePNOOLR
- indali ejwayelekile yokudala - ipharamitha ebaliwe yohlobo ngalunye lodoti ngokuya ngezinga labo lobungozi futhi okuhlobene nesimo semvelo esisendaweni yesizukulwane sabo. E-Russia, kusetshenziswe isisekelo esivamile, ngaphandle kwezindawo zemvelo eziningana.
- umkhawulo wokulahlwa kukadoti - inani elikhulu lohlobo olulodwa lodoti lwesikhathi esithile, olukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwebhizinisi (imikhawulo inwetshwa kanye ngonyaka).
Ngaphandle kwalombhalo, akunakwenzeka ukwenza imisebenzi ejwayelekile yebhizinisi, kufaka phakathi:
- hlela ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo noma ukusebenza (ama-workshops, ama-workshop),
- abale inani lemikhiqizo eseqedile,
- ukwenza noma yiziphi izinqubo ngemfucuza - ukuqoqa kwabo, ukuthutha nokulahla.
Iphrojekthi ye-NoOOLR elungiselelwe isiza ekuxazululeni izinkinga ezinjalo:
I-Recycling (i-Moebius loop)
- isethulo nokubalwa kwevolumu yeningi lemfucumfucu ekhiqizwe ehambelana nevolumu yangempela yokwenziwa,
- isizathu kanye nokuhlelela imfucuza okunomthelela omubi emvelweni nasendaweni ezungezile,
- ukufakwa kokulahlwa kukadoti ezindaweni eziqokiwe.
Iphrojekthi ihlinzeka ngemibandela ethile yokugcina okwesikhashana imfucuza kanye nezindawo zokulahlwa kwazo ngokuhambisana namazinga emithetho yamanje yezokuhlanzeka kanye neyezemvelo.
I-PNOOLR ingumbhalo oyinhloko kusukela endaweni yokubukwa kwemvelo ehambisana nenqubo yokukhiqiza ebhizinisini ngalinye. Ukuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi kuyadingeka ukuze:
- inquma ukwakheka (kokufanele kanye nobungako) bemfucuza eyenziwe ebhizinisini,
- Ukukhetha okuyikho kwendlela yokulahla kwabo - ukusebenzisa okunamandla, ukulahla noma ukulahla.
Inqubo kanye nezigaba zokuthuthuka kwe-PNOOLR
Lapho wenza iphrojekthi, izici ezilandelayo ziyabhekwa:
Izigaba zokukhula kwe-PNOORR
- isimo semvelo ngaphakathi nasezindaweni ezizungeze ibhizinisi,
- amavolumu, isigaba nohlobo lokungcola okwenziwe,
- usayizi nomthamo wendawo yokugcina imfucuza,
- Izinsuku ezilinganisiwe kanye nokuthi kungenzeka kokusebenzisa isiza ukulahla imfucuza,
- imiphumela eyingozi evumelekayo enkulu (MPE) yokungcola kwimvelo,
- izindawo zokungcola ezingasetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kabusha,
- ubuchwepheshe bokulungiswa kokungcola buvunyelwe futhi bufaka isicelo samabhizinisi embonini ethile,
- amandla ezomnotho okuhambisa imfucuza ebangeni elihlukile.
In inqubo yomsebenzi ehlelekile kuphrojekthi, izigaba ezilandelanayo ziyahlukaniswa:
- Ukuthola imibhalo yokuqala evela kumakhasimende.
Imininingwane yokuqala (isisekelo) ingulwazi kumamephu wezobuchwepheshe, imithethonqubo yokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukukalwa kokukhishwa kanye nokukhishwa konyaka owedlule, imibiko ebilungiselelwe ngaphambilini ngalesi sihloko. Yonke imininingwane etholakele ihlanganiswe ngendlela ye-tabular noma njengezengezo futhi ihlanganiswe ne-PNOOLR. - Ukuhamba kukachwepheshe wezemvelo ebhizinisini lokubhaliswa kwerejista yokungcola kusetshenziswa amakhodi we-FKKO (Federal Catalog of Waste Classization).
Uchwepheshe ngqo ebhizinisini uhlonza izinqubo zomsebenzi ngenqubo yokuzala imfucuza noma eminye imithombo yokwenzeka kwabo, ulungisa izindawo zokuqongelelwa kwazo okwesikhashana noma ukungcwatshwa ngokuphelele.
- ukubalwa kwezimali okuyisisekelo kokudoti okwenziwe (iqoqo lemithombo yesizukulwane sabo),
- izindawo zokugcina imfucuza ezikhethiwe nezihlomile,
- Kunikezwa amaphasiphothi ohlobo ngalunye lokungcola ngesibonakaliso sesigaba sezingozi,
- Kwatholakala ilayisense lokuqoqa, ukuhambisa nokulahla imfucumfucu yengozi yama-I - IV.
Iphrojekthi ye-PNOOLR isilungiswa ngamakhophi ama-2. Oyedwa uhlala kwizidumbu zeRosprirodnadzor, owesibili ugcinwa ebhizinisini. Kuvunyelwe ukuletha izindinganiso zokusaphaza zodoti ngohlobo lwe-elekthronikhi uma sisayinwa ngesiginesha yedijithali yedijithali (Isiginesha yedijithali yedijithali).
Amalungiselelo wokuklanywa kokungcola okungakapheli nemikhawulo yokulahla kwawo (PNOOLR)
- ukwakheka kwemisebenzi nezinqubo zomsebenzi zebhizinisi elilodwa njengomthombo oyinhloko wokuphehla udoti,
- ukuhleleka kwenkunkuma ngokusho kwe-FWCC kanye nezifundo ezinobungozi (imininingwane ikhonjisiwe kumaphasipoti wokungcola),
- incazelo yohlobo ngalunye lodoti ngokwakhiwa, izakhiwo nezimpawu zamakhemikhali,
- ukubalwa kwenqwaba yemfucuza yonyaka nokucaciswa kwabo,
- uhlelo lokuhambisa imfucuza, kubandakanya nokudluliselwa kwezinye izinhlangano,
- ukuzimisela kanye nokucaciswa kwezindawo (izindawo) zokugcina okwesikhashana noma ukugcinwa kwemfucuza ukuze zisuswe,
- Izici zobuchwepheshe namathuluzi wokucubungula (ukuphinda usebenzise) imfucuza kanye / noma ukulahla kwabo,
- ulwazi mayelana neziza lapho udoti ubekwa khona,
- izici zokuqapha imvelo ezindaweni zokulahlwa kukadoti,
- iziphakamiso nezinyathelo zokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwemfucuza,
- iziphakamiso zemikhawulo yokulahlwa kukadoti.
Kungani ukuthuthukiswa kwePNOORR kunenzuzo?
Iphrojekthi ye-NOOLR okuvunyelwene ngayo iyisisekelo sokuvumela amazinga wokuzala wokungcola nemikhawulo yokulahla kwawo. Ibhizinisi linikezwa imvume ekhombisa lemikhawulo futhi inkokhelo yomthelela omubi emvelweni ibalwa kubo.
Uma kungekho i-PNOOLR noma ukwephulwa kwamazinga wokuqothulwa kwemfucuza kanye nemikhawulo yokulahlwa kwawo ngaphansi kweFederal Law No. 89, kubekelwa umkhawulo emisebenzini yebhizinisi kungenzeka ukuthi kunqanyulwe ngokuphelele.
Ngokuya ngeKhodi Yezwe laseRussia mayelana nokwephulwa kokuphathwa kokungahambisani nezidingo zezemvelo nezokuhlanzeka (ukungabikho kwePNOOLR), inhlawulo inikezwe uhlobo lwenhlawulo:
- zezikhulu - kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-10,000 ukuya kwangama-30,000,
- kosomabhizinisi abazimele - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-30,000 kuya ku-50 000 noma ukumiswa komsebenzi isikhathi esifinyelela ezinsukwini ezingama-90,
- ezinhlanganweni zezomthetho - kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-100,000 kuya kwangama-250,000, kufaka phakathi ukumiswa komsebenzi isikhathi esifinyelela ezinsukwini ezingama-90.
Ungayichaza kanjani kabusha i-PNOOLR
Ngokuya ngemigomo ye-FZ-89, osomabhizinisi, kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luphi lwebhizinisi, bayacelwa ukuthi bathuthukise i-PNOOLR, nokuhunyushwa kwayo: amazinga okusalungiswa wokuzala imfucuza kanye nemikhawulo yokulahla kwawo. Imihlahlandlela yokuthuthukiswa kwe-PNOOR ichazwe ngokulandelana kuka-349 woMnyango Wezemithombo Yezemvelo we-RF wango-Agasti 5, 2014.
Isigaba 11 se-Federal Law-89 sichaza ukuthi yiziphi izinhlangano okufanele zibe nedokhumenti. Lezi yinhlangano noma amabhizinisi ngenxa yokuthi kukhiqizwa imfucuza eyingozi.
Kunengqondo ukuthi noma iyiphi inhlangano ikhiqiza imfucuza. Kepha idokhumenti liyadingeka ezinkampanini ezinemisebenzi yazo ehambisana nesizukulwane sokungcola okuyingozi nobungozi obuthinta imvelo nabantu.
I-PNOOLR kufanele futhi ibe nezakhamizi ezibandakanya ibhizinisi ngaphandle kokuthola isimo sebhizinisi elisemthethweni.
Kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2019, iSigaba 18 seFederal Law-89 sichibiyelwa ukuze kusungulwe inqubo entsha yokwenza imisebenzi yokulawula imfucuza ifane.
Ukuqala ngoJanuwari 1, 2019, i-PNOOLR ngaphansi kuka-Article 18 we-Federal Law-89 kuzodingeka ithuthukiswe ngaphansi kwezigaba I no-II. Imikhakha enjalo yabelwa izinto ezinomthelela omubi emvelweni. Ezigabeni zokusungula, zisuselwa kumigomo. Hlanganisa izigaba I, II, III, IV, ezigunyazwe yisinqumo sikaHulumeni waseRussia Federation.
Inqubo yentuthuko: izigaba, yimiphi imibhalo edingekayo
Kungcono ukuqala ukudalwa kwe-PNOORR okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokuvela kwezindikimba zokuhlola. Ungazimela ngokuzimela ngamazinga adingekayo, kepha kungcono ukuxhumana nezinhlangano ezikhethekile. Ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi le ndlela inokwezomnotho futhi ayinabasebenzi abaningi.
Ukuphendukela enkampanini, izigaba zokuthuthuka zizoba kanjena:
- Ukunikeza inkampani idatha yokuqala, efana: namamephu wezobuchwepheshe, imiphumela yokulinganiswa kokukhishwa konyaka odlule,
- Isazi sezemvelo kumele sihambele ibhizinisi uqobo bese silungiselela uhlu lwamakhodi wokungcola i-FKKO. Ukuqanjwa kwemithombo yokungcola noma yokudala imfucuza - uchwepheshe uphawula izinqubo eziholela ekudalekeni kukadoti nasendaweni lapho zigcinwa noma zichithwa khona,
- Ukulungiswa kweprojekhthi: ukubalwa kwenani lokungcola okwenziwe. Esigabeni esifanayo, isigaba sezingozi semfucumfucu enziwe sinqunywe. Ngokuhambisana, ibhizinisi kufanele lenze umsebenzi:
- imfucuza accounting
- izisetshenziswa zezindawo zokugcina imfucuza,
- ukubhaliswa kwepasipoti yedoti enencazelo yesigaba sezingozi,
- thola ilayisense yokuqoqa, yokuhamba nokulahla imfucumfucu eyingozi ye-I - IV yengozi.
- Ukudidiyelwa kwephrojekthi eRosprirodnadzor. I-PNOOLR kufanele yenziwe ngamakhophi ama-2: eyodwa yiRosprirodnadzor, elesibili lenhlangano uqobo, okwenzelwe kuyo iphrojekthi.
Iphakethe le-PNOOLR lifaka izinto ezilandelayo:
- Imininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana nebhizinisi
- Imininingwane ngemisebenzi yakhe
- Imininingwane yokungcola okukhiqizwayo kwezimboni
- Ukubalwa kwezindinganiso zokungcola
- Imephu yokungcola
- Imininingwane ngezinyathelo ezithathwe maqondana nemfucuza
- Eminye imingcele yokungcola okuyingozi.
Imibhalo edingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwamazinga okusalungiswa wokuzala imfucuza kanye nemikhawulo yokulahla kwawo (PNOOLR):
- Amadokhumenti wesifunda, kubandakanya:
- Igama eligcwele le-jur. abantu (igama elifushanisiwe, igama lenkampani, ifomu elisemthethweni)
- Ikheli lezomthetho
- Ikheli Langempela Lendawo
- Amakheli awo wonke amagatsha ebhizinisi
- Ikheli leposi
- irejista isitatimende
- Ucingo, ifeksi, ikheli le-imeyili. ubuso
- I-TIN, usuku lokubhalisa, uchungechunge nenombolo yesitifiketi (ikhophi lesitifiketi sobhaliso lwentela)
- Amakhodi OKPO, OKOPF, OKVED, BIN, OKATO
- Igama lomqondisi webhizinisi
- Ikhophi yesitifiketi sokubhaliswa kwesimo sebhizinisi elisemthethweni
- I-oda lokukhokha ngesitembu bukhoma sebhange ngokukhokha umsebenzi wombuso wokukhipha imikhawulo.
- Uhlu lwazo zonke izinhlobo zokukhiqizwa kukadoti nokukhiqizwa.
- Amakhophi okuhamba kwamaphasishi wokudoti emakilasini anobungozi be-I-IV, izitifiketi zokuhlola amasampula kanye nemigomo yokusebenza kwe-biotesting yokungcola kwesigaba se-V esiyingozi
- Imininingwane ngemisebenzi eyinhloko yebhizinisi (imininingwane emfushane mayelana nokukhiqiza kanye nemisebenzi yezomnotho yebhizinisi)
- Isivumelwano sokuqashisa noma isitifiketi sobunikazi bamalungelo okusebenzisa umhlaba, izakhiwo, izakhiwo kanye nezinhlaka ezinemifanekiso ebonakalayo endaweni yendawo okuhlalwa kuyo.
- Uhlelo lohlelo lwebhizinisi ngosayizi waleyo ndawo kanye nokuqanjwa kwezindawo zokuqongelela imfucuza yesikhashana (iziqukathi, imigqomo, amasayithi)
- Inani labasebenzi
- Izinkomba zokusebenza ezibalulekile
- Uhlu lokwehlukaniswa kwezakhiwo zebhizinisi
- Ukutholakala kwezindawo zokugcina nokulahla imfucuza okungeyakho, okungeyakho, esetshenzisiwe
- Ukuba khona kwensimu eseduze (indawo yayo)
- Imininingwane mayelana nabaqashi
- Ukutholakala kwelayisensi yokuqoqa, yokuhamba, yokusebenzisa, yokungathathi hlangothi kanye nokulahlwa kokukhiqiza nokusebenzisa imfucuza ebhizinisini.
- Ithemba lokuthuthuka kwamabhizinisi eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo, okubandakanya ukukhuphuka kwenani lemfucuza.
- Ukutholakala kwezidingo zosizo lokuqala, izindawo zokupheka zomphakathi
- Incazelo yezinqubo zobuchwepheshe zunithi ngayinye yokwakha (indawo yokusebenzela, isiza), imisebenzi yokukhiqiza, imikhiqizo eyenziwe, izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenzisiwe.
- Imodi Yebhizinisi
- Ukuba khona kwezitshalo zokuphuza amanzi angcolile, izitshalo zokwelapha amanzi, ukususwa kothuli nezitshalo zokwelapha igesi (uma kukhona, amaphasiphothi alezi zitshalo).
- Isitifiketi sokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, izinto zokwakha kanye nezinsizakusebenza zamandla (empeleni, ngonyaka owedlule noma wanamuhla, hlela unyaka olandelayo)
- Isitifikedi sezimoto ekhasini elilinganiselwe lebhizinisi elinomkhiqizo, ubungako, imayela elihleliwe, ukupaka kwabo (ukugcinwa), ukugcinwa nokulungiswa.
- Imininingwane ngemishini esetshenzisiwe yezobuchwepheshe.
- Ubungako kanye nohlobo lwamalambu we-fluorescent.
- Idatha yesibalo esizukulwaneni, ekulahleni, ekusetshenzisweni, ekulahleni imfucuza eminyakeni emi-3 edlule (uma kunemibhalo exhasayo: izenzo zomsebenzi ezenziwe, izenzo zokwamukela nokudlulisa, njll.)
- Imininingwane emayelana nokugcwala: imvamisa yokukhanselwa, ukugeza (imvamisa, okwenziwayo, ukutholakala kwesivumelwano). Ngemuva kokukhipha, lapho kudluliswa khona okokugcina.
- Indawo yezindawo zokugcina impahla, kufaka phakathi nendawo okumele ihlanzwe, m2.
- Inani lemithombo yokuthuthwa kwesiphepho okufanele ihlanzwe. Indlela yokugoqa. Imvamisa yeqa, izikhathi / unyaka.
- Izivumelwano ze-Tripartite (i-generator kadoti-yenethiwekhi) noma ngezivumelwano eziqondile (umakhi wemfucuza - ukuthathwa kwenhlabathi) ngokulahlwa kukadoti nokulahlwa, izivumelwano zokusebenzisa imfucuza, amalayisense wokugcwaliswa komhlaba
- Izivumelwano zokusetshenziswa kwamanzi nokukhucululwa kwendle, zokushisa kanye nogesi.
- Oxhumana nabo bokwenza imisebenzi yokushintshana ngocingo oluzenzakalelayo, yokusebenzisa imishini yasehhovisi.
- Amandla ommeli avela enkampanini ukumela izintshisekelo zenkampani ezinhlanganweni ezilawulayo
- Isitifiketi sokufaneleka emfundweni yezemvelo yomuntu obhekele imvelo ebhizinisini (uku-oda umuntu ozobhekana nokuvikelwa kwemvelo)
- Iphrojekthi yangaphambilini i-PNOOLR (uma ikhona)
Ukwakha i-PNOOR, usomabhizinisi kufanele alungiselele lokhu kusethwa kwemibhalo, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kumabhizinisi ahlanganyela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zemisebenzi, isethi yemibhalo ingahluka, kepha, ngokuvamile, kubukeka kanjena.
Isikhathi sokudalwa, ukuvunywa, ukugunyazwa nokuba semthethweni kohlelo
Isikhathi salo mbhalo izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ukulungiswa kwalolu hlelo kuyindaba engathi sína futhi kudinga ukuthi abenzi benkonzo babe nolwazi olunzulu emkhakheni wezomthetho wezemvelo kanye nemibhalo efanelekile yokulawula, yingakho osomabhizinisi abaningi ababekwe icala lesibopho sokuba nohlelo olunjalo baphendukele ezinkampanini ezikhethekile ezibandakanyekile ekwakhiweni kwemibhalo enjalo. Njengomthetho, isikhathi kusuka ekubekeni umsebenzi ekutholeni isethi yemibhalo eqediwe kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-10 - 15. Kepha, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ekuxhumaneni kweRosprirodnadzor kungathatha izinsuku ezingama-30. Izindleko - kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-15 000.
Isikhathi se-PNOOLR kosomabhizinisi ababandakanyeka ekulahleni imfucuza eyingozi yezimboni silingana nesikhathi selayisense yabo. Uma umsebenzi onjalo wenziwa ezindaweni ezithile, ngokwesibonelo, indawo ezungeze iLake Baika, khona-ke isikhathi sayo singaba unyaka owodwa futhi kufanele sibuyekezwe futhi nakanjani.
Kwezinye izimo, isikhathi se-PNOOLR yiminyaka emi-5.
Ukuvunywa kwe-PNOORR
Ukungcola okuvela kule nkampani kulawulwa izinhlangano zombuso eziningana - iRosprirodnadzor, iRospotrebnadzor, abashushisi nabanye.
Umthetho okhona unqume ukuthi uhlelo kumele kuvunyelwane ngalo izinhlangano zokugada nezinhlangano ezinentshisekelo. Isikhathi sokuvunywa siyizinsuku ezingama-30 - 45. Kepha empeleni, le nqubo ingathatha isikhathi eside.
Inqubo yokuvunyelwa ingasheshiswa ngemibhalo efanelekayo esigabeni sokulungiselela kanye nokungenisa imibhalo.
Ukuthola imingcele yokulahlwa kukadoti
Ngenxa yokuvunywa kwe-PNOORR eRosprirodnadzor, izichibiyelo namazwana kungenziwa, azoqedwa ngesikhathi esivumelene ngaso, yonke imibhalo kufanele ilungiswe futhi ithunyelwe ukuze ivunyelwe okwesibili. Uma kwenziwa isinqumo esihle, i-PNOOLR izovunywa futhi inkampani izothola imikhawulo ethile yokulahlwa kukadoti.
Ngakho-ke, inkampani izothola isiqinisekiso esivela kuhulumeni, imvume yemibalo ebekiwe yedoti lokukhiqiza ngonyaka olandelayo.
Le mikhawulo ayihlanganisi amadwala ahlukahlukene namaminerali aqanjwa ngesikhathi sokuxabana nokubuyiselwa komhlaba.
Usuku lapho imigomo nemikhawulo kuvunyelwe - lolu usuku lokuvunywa kwemibhalo engenisiwe kanye nokwamukelwa kwesinqumo seRosprirodnadzor ekwamukelweni kwePNOOLR. Imininingwane mayelana nesinqumo mayelana nalesi noma lelo bhizinisi (usomabhizinisi) kufanele lithunyelwe kusisetshenziswa esisemthethweni seRosprirodnadzor.
Ukuntuleka kwe-PNOORR - imiphumela
I-PNOOLR yenzelwe izinhlangano zezinhlobonhlobo zenhlangano, ngenxa yemisebenzi yazo kukhiqizwa imfucuza yamakilasi ahlukahlukene ayingozi.
Isizukulwane sokulahlwa kukadoti ngaphandle kwe-PNOORD evunyelwe sizofaka imiphumela emibi eminingana, njengoba kuchaziwe ku-Art. 8.2.CAO.
Kungakhokhiswa inhlawulo yesakhamuzi esilula kuze kufinyelele kuma-ruble angama-2 000, kwizikhulu kuze kufinyelele kuma-ruble angama-30,000, izakhamizi ezibandakanya ibhizinisi ngaphandle kokuthola isimo sebhizinisi elingokomthetho lifinyelela kuma-ruble angama-50,00, ebhizinisini angama-ruble angama-50 000. noma amise umsebenzi wakhe kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezingama-90.
Uma kwenzeka kuba nemiphumela emibi evela ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-PNOORR, isikweletu sobugebengu naso singaphakama.
Isibonelo se-PNOOLR
Uhlelo kufanele lubandakanye izinto ezilandelayo:
- Imininingwane ngesakhamuzi esenze imisebenzi yebhizinisi ngaphandle kokuthola isimo sebhizinisi elisemthethweni noma ibhizinisi.
- Imininingwane emisebenzini yezomnotho neminye imisebenzi evela emsebenzini okhiqiza imfucumfucu yezimboni nokunye.
- Imininingwane yokungcola kwezimboni, ukwakheka kwayo, amavolumu, njll. Ukubalwa okudingekile kanye nesisekelo sezimo zonyaka zokuphehla imfucumfucu yezimboni.
- Uhlelo lokudlulisa imfucuza, idatha yokusebenzisa noma yokulahla imfucuza evelayo. ikhombisa okuqukethwe kudoti okuphumayo kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu nokuphikisana kwenani lokuqongelela imfucumfucu.
- Amapharamitha wokuqukethwe kwemfucuza isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu nokulahlwa (ukungcwatshwa) kokungcola okutholakele ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza. ukulandelela isimo semvelo ezindaweni lapho kukhona izinsiza zokukhiqiza nomthelela wazo emvelweni ezungezile.
- Izinhlelo zokunciphisa inani lokutholwa nendawo yokulahlwa kukadoti okwenziwe, inhlangano yokuhambisana namazinga yamanje kanye nemithetho efanele ephathelene nokuphathwa kwemfucuza yezimboni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, idatha yezimo eziphuthumayo kufanele ilungiselelwe. uhlele ukunciphisa ukubekwa kwemfucuza yezimboni.
Ivolumu nokuqukethwe kwezinto kungashintshwa ngokuhambisana nezimpawu zebhizinisi noma losomabhizinisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiphathimandla esixhumanisa sinelungelo lokucela eminye imibhalo nezitifiketi ezingeziwe.
Kungani uthuthukisa futhi uhlanganise iphrojekthi yePNOORR
Noma iyiphi inqubo yokukhiqiza ihambisana nokuzala imfucuza. Zingaba:
- Izinto zokungcola ezazingasetshenziswa ngenkathi kukhiqizwa.
- Imikhiqizo ekhiqizwayo.
- Imikhiqizo enesici, engabonakali.
Ukungcola kuyingozi emvelweni nasempilweni yabantu. Ukulwa nokukhiqizwa kokungcola okweqile kokukhishwa kwemvelo okuvumelekile, umthetho uhlinzeka ngezinqubo ezichazwe ngokuqinile.
Enye yalezi zinyathelo iyimpoqo kumabhizinisi. ukuthuthukiswa kwe-PNOOLR. Iphrojekthi, ebeka izinkambiso zokwenza imfucuza kanye nemikhawulo yokulahla kwazo, isiza ukubala inani lemfucuza, ukwakheka kwayo, ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izindlela eziphelele ezingaba zokulahla imfucuza, ukulahla, kanye nokusebenzisa kabusha imfucuza ekukhiqizeni, lapho, kungakanani imikhiqizo yemfucuza engachithwa , izinto ezisele. Inhlawulo yokwehluleka kokusalungiswa kwe-PNOORD ibekelwa ngaphansi kwe-Article 8.2. CAO, ngenani kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-10,000 kuye kwangama-250,000.
Umthetho we-Federal Law "On Production and Conservation Wonets" usungula inqubo eyenziwe lula mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kanye nokuvunywa kwamazinga okusalungiswa kanye nemikhawulo yokulahlwa kukadoti kuwo wonke amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi.
Zonke izinhlangano zingahlukaniswa izigaba ezilandelayo:
Uhlobo lwenhlangano | Intuthuko I-PNOOLR | Izindlela zokuhlukanisa |
Ibhizinisi elikhulu | Kuyadingeka | Inani labasebenzi - abantu abangaphezu kuka-250 Imali - ama-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili noma ngaphezulu |
Ibhizinisi eliphakathi | Akudingeki | Isibalo sabasebenzi - sisuka kwabayi-100 kuye kwabangu-250 Imali engenayo - kusuka kuma-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-800 kuya kwezi-2. |
Amabhizinisi amancane, amapulazi abampofu (amapulazi abampofu), osomabhizinisi ngabodwa (IP) | Akudingeki | Inani labasebenzi - kufika kubantu abayi-100 Imali - kuya kuma-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-800 |
Amabhizinisi abamba iqhaza kwamanye amazwe enhlokodolobha egunyaziwe | Kuyadingeka | Izimali ezifika kwamanye amazwe ezingaphezulu kwama-25% - amabhizinisi ngokuzenzakalelayo awela esigabeni sebhizinisi elikhulu |
Izinhlangano zikahulumeni nezikhungo zesabelomali (ama-polyclinics, izikole, izingane zasenkulisa, izikhungo zesayensi, amabhizinisi angenabumbano kamasipala, amabhizinisi angenabumbuso, i-MBU, njll.) | Kuyadingeka | Akuzona yini izinto zebhizinisi |
Izinhlangano ezingenzi-nzuzo (SNT, NOU, ANO, izinhlangano zezenkolo, izinhlangano eziqeqeshiwe) | Kuyadingeka | Akuzona yini izinto zebhizinisi |
Kulezo zinhlangano iprojekthi yePNOORR engadingeki kuzo, umthetho uhlinzeka ngokulethwa kombiko wonyaka wokulawulwa kokudoti ngendlela elula.
Imisebenzi esemqoka ekwakhiweni kwe-PNOOLR
- ukubalwa kwamazinga wonyaka wokuzala imfucuza,
- ukubalwa kwenani lemfucuza eyenziwe ngonyaka,
- ukufaka inani lemfucuza ehlongozwayo ukusetshenziswa kanye (noma) nokulahlwa,
- ukufaka inani lemfucuza ehlongozwayo ukubekwa ngendlela ethile yesikhathi esithile kwizikhungo ezithile zokulahla imfucuza, kucatshangelwa isimo semvelo sendawo.
Isikhathi esingakanani iphrojekthi yePNOORR?
Ukusebenza kwe-PNOORR - iminyaka emi-5 ngokuya ngokulethwa konyaka wonke kombiko wezobuchwepheshe ngokungasebenzi kwenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ifomu, ukwakheka kanye nezidingo zokulungiswa kwalo mbiko zichazwe yi-Order yoMnyango Wezemvelo YaseRussia yangomhla ka-05.08.2014 N 349 "Emukelwa imihlahlandlela ye-Methodological yokuthuthukiswa kwamazinga okusalungiswa wokudonswa kwemfucuza".
1. Ukulungiswa okusemthethweni kwe-PNOORR
Isidingo sokuthuthukisa i-PNOOR yamabhizinisi sinqunywa isenzo esibalulekile sokulawula - Federal Law No. 89 “On Production and Consuse Wastes” sangoJuni 24, 1998, indatshana 11, ngokusho ukuthi yiziphi izinhlaka zomthetho nosomabhizinisi abazimele ekusebenzeni kwezakhiwo, izakhiwo nezinye izakhiwo ezihlobene nokuphathwa kwemfucuza , baphoqelekile ukuthuthukisa i-PNOOLR ukuze banciphise inani lezifundo zabo, ngaphandle kwamabhizinisi amancane naphakathi.
Landa umbhalo womthetho Federal Law No. 89:
Umthetho Wezomthetho Wezezimali No. 89
I-PNOOLR yathuthukiswa ngokuya nge-Order yoMnyango Wezemithombo Yezemvelo YaseRussia yangomhla ziyi-05.08.2014 N 349 “Ngokuvunywa Kwezinkombandlela zokuthuthukiswa kwamazinga okusalungiswa wokuphehla imfucumfucu”. Ukuba semthethweni kwe-PNOOLR iminyaka emi-5, kuya ngokuhanjiswa konyaka Umbiko wezobuchwepheshe mayelana nokuhlasela kwenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ifomu, ukwakheka kanye nezidingo zokulungiswa kwalo mbiko kubhalwe kusenzo esifanayo sokuqondisa.
Ngokusekelwe kuphrojekthi ethuthukisiwe futhi kuvunyelwene ngayo, ibhizinisi liyakhishwa Umbhalo ekuvunyweni kwamazinga wokuzala wokungcola nemikhawulo yokulahla kwawo. Lo mbhalo uqukethe uhlu lokungcola okukhiqizwe ebhizinisini (noma igatsha lakhe), okuhlongozwayo amazinga wonyaka wokudala imfucuza kanye nemikhawulo yokulahla leyo mfucuza kuhlelwa ukuthi idluliselwe ezindaweni zokulahla imfucuza. I-PNOOLR ihlanganiswa ehhovisi lesifunda laseRosprirodnadzor noma esigungwini esiphezulu sendawo esigunyaziwe emkhakheni wokuvikela imvelo, kuya ngezinga lokugadwa kwemvelo kwaleli bhizinisi. Kwiziphathimandla zasendaweni, idokhumenti yabo ingahle ivunyelwe equkethe imihlahlandlela yokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi, kepha ezweni lonke lelo dokhumenti lisebenza ngokuphelele noma licishe lisuselwa ngokuphelele ku-Order No. 349.
Ukuthuthuka kunikeza ini:
- Umsebenzi ozinzile webhizinisi iminyaka emi-5 ngaphandle kokuma kokukhiqiza nezinhlawulo ezinkulu.
- Ukuthola imingcele yokulahlwa kukadotikuvunyelwe yiRosprirodnadzor ngokuya ngezidingo zeFederal Law No. 89. Uyazi kahle ukuthi kungakanani udoti ongaba nakho.
- Imvume Yokulahlwa Kokudoti ekushayweni komhlaba okwenziwe ekhaya isikhathi esiyiminyaka emi-5.
1.1 Isizukulwane sokungcola
Noma ngabe kungamaphepha e-urn yehhovisi noma endaweni yokulahla yezakhi zamakhemikhali ekhoneni lesitshalo, umthetho ku-99% wamacala uwahlukanisa njengendle.
Noma yiziphi izidingo zebhizinisi amazinga okusalungiswa kwemfundo nemikhawulo yokulahlwa kukadotiuma kuphathwa imisebenzi yokulawulwa kwemfucuza.
Isisekelo sentuthuko
Isidingo sokuthuthukisa i-PNOOR yamabhizinisi sinqunywa isenzo esibalulekile sokulawula - Federal Law No. 89 “On Production and Consuse Wastes” sangoJuni 24, 1998, indatshana 11, ngokusho ukuthi yiziphi izinhlaka zomthetho nosomabhizinisi abazimele ekusebenzeni kwezakhiwo, izakhiwo nezinye izakhiwo ezihlobene nokuphathwa kwemfucuza , baphoqelekile ukuthuthukisa i-PNOOLR ukuze banciphise inani lezifundo zabo, ngaphandle kwamabhizinisi amancane naphakathi.
I-PNOOLR yathuthukiswa ngokuya nge-Order yoMnyango Wezemithombo Yezemvelo YaseRussia yangomhlaka 05.08.2014 N 349 “Kuvunyelwe izinkombandlela zokuthuthukiswa kwamazinga okuqalwa kokudalwa kanye nemingcele yokulahla kwawo”.
1.2 Izindinganiso zokudala udoti nemikhawulo yokulahlwa kukadoti
Ekuthuthukisweni kunqunywa izindinganiso zokungcola - inani elisunguliwe lokungcola kohlobo oluthile ekukhiqizeni iyunithi lokukhiqiza (landa imihlahlandlela ye-Methodological for the development of PNOOLR 2015). Ngaphandle kwalokho, imigomo yemfucuza yenzelwe ibhizinisi.
Igunya elivuma iphrojekthi liyavuma imikhawulo yokulahlwa kukadoti, i.e. inani lemvume ephezulu evumelekile yohlobo oluthile olungachithwa ngendlela ethile yesikhathi esinqunyelwe ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu, kucatshangelwa isimo semvelo endaweni enikezwe yona.
Ukwakheka kweprojekthi yePNOOLR
Iphrojekthi iqinisa amazinga ahlongozwayo wokwenza izinhlobo ezithile zokulahlwa kukadoti ngokwesilinganiso ngonyaka (ngamathani ngonyaka) ngokuya ngamazinga wokuzala udoti. Izinga lokudalwa kukadoti linquma inani eliyisisekelo lokulahlwa kukadoti lohlobo oluthile ekukhiqizeni iyunithi lokukhiqiza. Kwiyunithi lokukhiqizwa elilinganisiwe (umsebenzi, izinsizakalo), ngokuya ngomthombo wokuphetha udoti, okulandelayo kuyathathwa:
- iyunithi yokukhiqiza, iyunithi yezinto zokusetshenziswa esetshenziselwa imfucuza yokukhiqiza,
- iyunithi yebanga (ngokwesibonelo, ikhilomitha) - kokungcola kokulungisa izimoto,
- indawo yendawo - yokulahlwa kukadoti ngesikhathi sokuhlanzwa kwendawo,
- umuntu - imfucuza eyenziwe ezakhiweni zokuhlala,
- indawo yesikhala - amahhotela, ama-canteens kanye nezinye izinhlangano nezikhungo.
2. Izindleko zephrojekthi PNOOLR
Izindleko zephrojekthi zemithombo engu-1-10 yemfucuza izoba kusuka kuma-ruble angama-20 000. Intengo ifaka ukuthuthukiswa, ukukhokhwa kwayo yonke imisebenzi yombuso nokuxhumana neRosprirodnadzor enesiqinisekiso se-100%. Hlola intengo yemithombo eyi-11 noma ngaphezulu nabaphathi.
Izindleko zithinteka:
- ukutholakala kwamaphasiphothi wedoti,
- ukutholakala kokuhlolwa kwelebhu,
- ukuphuthumayo kwenkonzo.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?
Isikhathi sokwakhiwa kwephrojekthi ye-PNOOLR ngochwepheshe benkampani yethu sizoqhamuka ezinsukwini eziyi-10 zokusebenza kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhlinzeka ngemininingwane yokuqala edingekayo, kuya ngenani lezinhlobo zemfucuza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PNOOLR ivunyelwe ukuvunyelwa yihhovisi lesifunda iRosprirodnadzor, noma isigungu esiphezulu sendawo esigunyaziwe emkhakheni wokuvikela imvelo, ngokuya ngezinga lokugadwa kwemvelo kwaleli bhizinisi. Kwiziphathimandla zasekhaya, idokhumenti yabo ingahle ivunyelwe equkethe imihlahlandlela yokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi, nokho, ezweni lonke lelo dokhumenti lisebenza ngokuphelele noma licishe lisuselwa ngokuphelele kwi-Order No. 349. Isikhathi sokuvunywa sincike kwimithetho yokuphatha yalezi zinhlaka ezingenhla futhi isukela ezinsukwini ezingama-30 zomsebenzi.
Izindleko zephrojekthi yezinhlobo eziyi-1-10 zodoti zesiza esisodwa zizoqhamuka kuma-ruble angama-80 000. Intengo ifaka ukuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi nokuvunywa eRosprirodnadzor ngesiqinisekiso esingu-100%.
3. Ngubani odinga iphrojekthi yokungcola ye-PNOOLR?
I-PNOOLR yathuthukiswa futhi yavunywa ngokuya nge-Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia yangoFebhuwari 25, 2010 N 50 “Esimisweni Sentuthuko Nokwamukelwa Kwamazinga Wokwakhiwa Kwezinqumo Nemikhawulo Yokulahlwa Kwazo”, kanye nangokuhambisana nezenzo zokulawula ezithintekayo zeziphathimandla zeRussian Federation.
Le projekthi yenzelwe ibhizinisi elingokomthetho noma usomabhizinisi ngamunye uma lilonke noma lihlukile kwelinye lamagatsha alo (uma ekhona), inqobo nje uma wonke amagatsha etholakala ngaphakathi kwesihloko esifanayo seRussian Federation.
Uma amagatsha etholakala ezikhungweni ezihlukile, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuthuthukiswe i-PNOOLR ehlukile yegatsha ngalinye futhi athumele ukuze kuvunyelwe amahhovisi ezindawo zaseRosprirodnadzor noma izinhlaka eziphezulu zesifundo.
Ukuzibophezela Nokuzuzisa
Ukuzibophezela kokungabikho kwephrojekthi ye-PNOORR yamabhizinisi kufinyelela kuma-ruble angama-250,000, kanye nesidingo sokuthuthukisa lo mbhalo (Code of Administrative Offsets of the Russian Federation, Federal Law No. 195 kaDisemba 30, 2001, Article 8).
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi kwephrojekthi kukuqinisekisa:
- Ukusebenza okuzinzile kwebhizinisi iminyaka engu-5 ngaphandle kweziphazamiso zokukhiqiza nezinhlawulo ezinkulu.
- Ngenxa yokuthola idokhumenti ngokuvunywa kwamazinga wokuzala wokungcola nemikhawulo yokulahlwa kwawo, egunyazwe yiRosprirodnadzor ngokuya ngezidingo zeFederal Law No. 89, uyazi kahle ukuthi kungakanani imfucuza engakhiqizwa ngokuqhubeka kwebhizinisi lakho nokuthi kungakanani imfucumfucu evunyelwe ukuyidlulisela ukufakwa ekulahlekelweni komhlaba.
Isilinganiso esifanele sentengo, ikhwalithi nesikhathi
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Turnkey Siyakwazi ukwenza iphrojekthi ezokufanela nobabili neziphathimandla zokuphatha
Isiqinisekiso sokuvunywa kwephrojekthi. Wonke amaphrojekthi ethu adlulile athola iziphetho ezinhle
Ukugunyazwa okokuqala ezinhlanganweni zikahulumeni okokuqala
Uhlelo lokukhokha oluguquguqukayo: sikulungele ukunikela ngokukhokha ngezigaba
Uqinisekisiwe ukuthi uzokwazi ukuthola ukubonisana ngentuthuko yomsebenzi ochwepheshe
Ibhizinisi elincane noma eliphakathi
Izindlela zokuhlukanisa amabhizinisi amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo acacisiwe eMthethweni Wezezimali wangoJulayi 24, 2007 N 209-FZ “Ekuthuthukisweni Kwamabhizinisi Amancanyana Naphakathi Naphakathi eRussia Federation”.
Izindlela zenzelwe ukubamba iqhaza kwezokulingana emakethe enkuluhlu yamabhizinisi aphethwe nguhulumeni, imali okungeyona eyezwe, imali yangaphandle, inani eliphakathi labasebenzi, inzuzo yebhizinisi, njll. Ngokuvamile i-PNOOLR ithuthukiswa ngamagatsha amabhizinisi amakhulu, kanye nezinhlangano zikahulumeni nezomasipala.
Le projekthi ithuthukiswa amabhizinisi amakhulu (abasebenzi babasebenzi abangama-250, noma imali engenayo / inani lezimpahla ezivela kuma-ruble ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane ngonyaka), izikhungo zikamasipala nezabhajethi, izinkampani ezinemali engaphandle (isabelo sedolobha langaphandle enhlokodolobha egunyaziwe engaphezulu kwama-25%) esebenzisana nezingozi imfucuza noma ibe nomthelela omubi emvelweni.
Okwezamabhizinisi ibhizinisi elincane neliphakathi udinga nje ukubika minyaka yonke kwa-SMB (ibhizinisi eliphakathi nelincane) esizukulwaneni semfucuza evela kubo.
4. Ukuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi ye-PNOOLR
Iphrojekthi ye-PNOOLR kufanele iqale ukuthuthuka izinyanga ezingama-6-8 ngaphambi kokuhambela kwezindikimba zokuhlola. Kepha uma inhlawulo ingagwenywa, kunezindlela zokunciphisa inani.
- Uluhlu lwemithombo yokudala imfucuza. Ku-EcoPromCenter - mahhala! (Lokhu yonga ama-ruble angama-20 000!) Insizakalo ifaka ukusuka, ukuthuthukiswa kwesiphakamiso.
- Ukubalwa kwenani nezigaba zemfucuza kubonakala kwimikhawulo yokubekwa. Ngokuhambisana, kudonswa amaphasipoti wokungcola.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwamadokhumenti wokuqamba PNOOLR. Izinga lokubhala nokukhethwa kwamadokhumenti kuya ngokuthi iphrojekthi yakho ivunyelwe yini noma cha. Ku-EcoPromCenter - kusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10.
- Ukuvunywa kwephrojekthi ye-PNOORR eRosprirodnazor kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30 zokusebenza (ngokwemigomo).
- Ukukhishwa kwemikhawulo eyenziwe ngomumo yeminyaka engu-5.
I-4.1 Imithombo yemithombo yedoti
Ukuthuthukisa iphrojekthi, yokusungula kwemithombo yedoti. Le nqubo ifaka ukubheka ukuhambisana kokuqinisekiswa (ngokusho kwesinqumo soMnyango Wezemithombo Yezemvelo waseRussia Federation kaSepthemba 1, 2011 N 721. Ekuvunyweni kwenqubo yokubalwa kwemali emkhakheni wokulawulwa kwemfucuza) esimweni sangempela emsebenzini.
Ukubalwa kwemali kwemfucuza eyinhloko kukhombisa isimo esikhona njengamanje ngokudala udoti (indawo yokukhiqiza), ukuqoqwa kwemfucuza evela kubantu besithathu, ukuhanjiswa kwemfucuza ukulahlwa, ukulahlwa, ukubekwa, ukufakwa ezakhiweni zakho.
Idatha ye-accounting, kanye nedatha yokubika yezibalo (imfucuza ye-2TP) isetshenzisiwe ekutholakaleni kwemfucuza. Kulokhu, imfucuza iyakhonjwa, uhlu lwayo luhlanganisiwe, imithombo yokwenziwa kwayo, izindawo lapho ziqoqelwa khona futhi ziqongelelwe (kukhonjwe ngu kuze kube izinyanga eziyi-11) ukuthi udoti uthuthwa kanjani (ngokwesibonelo, phakathi kokuhlukaniswa okwenziwe ibhizinisi); ukucutshungulwa, ukulahlwa, ukulahlwa noma ukulahlwa kukadoti.
Ngokwemiphumela ye-yokusungula, kubalwa indinganiso yemfundo yonyaka (ejwayelekile evamile) yokungcola ngakunye kwamakilasi anobungozi be-I-V. Ngokudoti okufanele kudluliselwe lapho kufakwa khona (ukugcinwa, ukugcwatshwa) ezindaweni zokulahla imfucuza (okuphethwe yibhizinisi noma abanye abantu), iphrojekthi ibeka imikhawulo yokulahlwa kukadoti.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PNOOLR ikhombisa izinhlaka zomthetho kanye nosomabhizinisi abazimele, kanye nemininingwane yezivumelwano zamanje nabo zokudluliselwa kwemfucuza ukuthola enye impatho (ukwelashwa, ukulahlwa, ukulahlwa, ukuthuthwa, ukubekwa).
Imisebenzi yokuphatha imfucuzaMina–IVamakilasi anobungozi, ngaphezu kokuqongelela, anamalayisense ngaphandle kokwehluleka ngokuya nge-Federal Law kaMay 4, 2011 N 99-ФЗ “Ngokuthola Ilayisense Yezinhlobo Kweminye Imisebenzi” kanye nesinqumo sikaHulumeni waseRussia Federation ka-03.10.2015 N 1062 “Kulayisense Yemisebenzi Yokuqoqa, Ukuhamba, Ukucubungula, Ukulahla, Ukulahla, kanye Nokulahla Izinketho I - Amakilasi anobungozi e-IV. ”
5.2 Amaphoyinti Abalulekile Lapho Ubhala Iphrojekthi
Njengoba inhloso yenhlangano ukuvumelana ngamazinga nemikhawulo, iphrojekthi yedoti kumele ikhombise ngokusobala amaphuzu alandelayo abalulekile ezinhlaka zokuhlola zeRosprirodnazor:
- Ukutholakala kwezindawo ezilahlwayo. Ngabe zikhona esizeni? Ingabe bahlome / bakulungele ukwakheka kwamachilo kadoti? Kuyadingeka ukuchaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi kanjani futhi kuphi, kuphi, ngaziphi izinhloso (izinhlobo zokwelashwa) udoti ozothunyelwa kusuka ebhizinisini.
- Imishini yezobuchwepheshe. Ngabe ibhizinisi liyakwazi ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini yokuphatha imfucuza lilodwa noma lidlulise komunye umuntu?
- Ukungcola. Zingaki izinhlobo zemfucuza ezizobekwa esizeni? Ingakanani inhlobo ngayinye? Yiziphi izigaba zokungcola eziyingozi?
- Umthamo weziza. Khombisa ukuthi zingubukhulu obanele futhi ziyahambelana yini nemingcele yezobuchwepheshe zomsebenzi ohleliwe ngodoti?
- Ukungena irejista yombuso yezinto ezilahlwayo. Awukwazi nje ukukhombisa indawo esakhiweni. Kuyadingeka ukuyibhalisa kwangaphambili njengezindawo zokulahlwa kukadoti (bona. Inqubo yokulondolozwa kwe-cadastre kahulumeni, Umthetho Nombolo 792 kaSepthemba 30, 2011).
Ekupheleni kwalesi sihloko, eminye yemisindo yokuqamba nokwamukela iphrojekthi yedoti ichaziwe.
5.3 Umbiko Wobuchwepheshe Bokulawula Ukungcola
Okusalungiswa kwe-PNOORR noma kunjalo kufanele kube okubhaliselwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzodingeka uzisole ngonyaka okugcwaliswa kuwo Umbiko Wobuchwepheshe Bokulawulwa Kokungcola eya eRosprirodnadzor. Inhlangano yezomnotho ibophekile njalo ngonyaka ngendlela yokwazisa inikeze imininingwane ngenani langempela lomthamo wonyaka.
Imininingwane yombiko wezobuchwepheshe kufanele ikhombise imininingwane esezingeni eliphakeme kanye nezinga lezinhlobo, amakilasi kanye nenani lemfucuza yokukhiqiza yonyaka esikhungweni esithile. Kubuye kufakwe kulo mbiko izitifiketi, ama-invoice, namanye amadokhumenti afakazela ukuthi imfucuza ihanjiswe endaweni leyo.
I-PNOOLR ikhombisa izindawo zokuqongelela imfucuza ebhizinisini, indawo yazo, umthamo kanye nezinto zokusebenza. Izindawo zokungcola kumele ihambisane namazinga wokuhlanzeka nangokwemvelo. Kucaciswa izindinganiso zokuhlanzeka eSanPiN 2.1.7.1322-03 "Izidingo zokuhlanzeka zokulahla nokulahla imfucuza yokukhiqiza nokusebenzisa."
Idokhumenti ifaka izidingo zamathuluzi ezindawo zokugcina (igama elithi "isitoreji" lisetshenziswa eSanPiN), indlela yokuqongelela imfucuza ephezulu, izidingo zokuhambisa udoti endaweni yonke nokuhanjiswa kwemfucuza ngaphandle kwemingcele yebhizinisi. Chaza kafushane izidingo zamathuluzi ezindawo zokulahla imfucuza (kulokhu okubizwa ngokuthi i-ODP, kufaka phakathi ukungcola komhlaba, izindawo zokugcina imithambeka, njll.).Ngemininingwane eminingi izidingo ze-ORO zilawulwa kumadokhumenti:
- I-SP 2.1.7.1038-01 "Izidingo zokuhlanzeka ekwakhiweni kanye nasekulondolozweni kokulahlwa komhlaba kwenkunkuma eqinile kamasipala",
- I-SanPiN 2.1.7.722-98 "Izidingo zokuhlanzeka zokwakhiwa kanye nokunakekelwa kokugcwaliswa komhlaba kwenkunkuma eqinile kamasipala"
SanPiN 1746-77 "Imithetho yokuhlanzeka idizayini, ukwakhiwa kanye nokusebenza kokulahlwa komhlaba ngokulahlwa kukadoti kwezimboni."
5.4 Izikhungo zokulahla imfucuza ze-ODP
Izikhungo zokulahla imfucuza (i-ODP), lapho kuhlelwa ukuthi kudluliselwe imfucuza ngokuya nge-PNOORR, kumele zibe nelayisense lokulahlwa kukadoti futhi zifakwe Irejista yombuso yezindawo zokulahla imfucuza ngokuhambisana ne-Order yoMnyango Wezemithombo Yezemvelo YaseRussia yangomhlaka 30 Septhemba 2011 N 792 “Ngokuvunywa kwenqubomgomo yokugcina i-cadastre kahulumeni”.
I-ODP ifakwa KWI-GROWS ngesisekelo sohlelo lokusebenza kanye nemininingwane etholakele ngesikhathi kusungulwa i-ODP, eyenziwa ngokuhambisana ne-Order No. 49 yoMnyango Wezemithombo Yezemvelo waseRussia Federation kaFebhuwari 25, 2010 “Ekuvunyweni Kwemithetho Yokusungula Izinto Zokulahlwa Kokungcola”.
Ukubalwa kwamazinga wokudonswa kwemfucuza
Ngakho-ke, kunamazinga amabili ahlukile ku-PNOOLR - indinganiso yokudala udoti ngeyunithi ngayinye yomkhiqizo, impahla eluhlaza noma insizakalo, kanye nezinga lokudalwa kukadoti ngonyaka ongu-1. Lezi zinkomba ziyahlangana. Ngokukhuphuka kwekhwalithi yokuphehlwa kukadoti ngeyunithi ngayinye yokukhiqiza, izinto zokusetshenziswa, nezinsizakalo, izinga lonyaka elihlongozwayo nalo lizokwenyuka.
Izindinganiso zokudala udoti zibalwa kusetshenziswa izindlela eziningana:
- indlela yokubala yebhalansi yezinto ezibonakalayo (kusetshenziswa ulwazi ngenani lezinto zokusetshenziswa nezinto zokwenziwa, amanani okulahleka nenani lemikhiqizo),
- indlela yokubala yamazinga athile embonini wokukhiqiza imfucuza. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa izincwadi zokubhekela imboni nokuqoqwa kwezinkomba. Imibhalo esetshenziswa kakhulu yiqoqo Lezinkomba ezithile zokuphehla imfucumfucu yokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa, iMoscow, 1999, izincomo zokunquma amazinga wokuqongelela imfucuza eqinile kamasipala emadolobheni eRRFSR (i-Order of the Ministry of Housing and Communal Services ye-RSFSR ka-09.03.1982) njalonjalo.
- ukubalwa kanye nendlela yokuhlaziya - kukhethiwe uma kukhona imibhalo yokwakha nobuchwepheshe (amamephu wezobuchwepheshe, izindlela zokupheka, izimiso, imidwebo esebenza)
- indlela yokuhlola - ukubalwa kwamazinga kwenziwa ngesisekelo sezilinganiso zokuhlola ezimeni zokukhiqiza, kusetshenziselwa izinqubo zobuchwepheshe ezivumela uhla oluthile lwezinguquko ezingxenyeni zezinto zokwenziwa ezingavuthiwe. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezikhungweni zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha obungenazimpawu,
- indlela yokubala yevolumu yangempela yokukhuculula imfucuza (indlela yezibalo). Isetshenziselwa ukunquma amazinga wokuzala wokungcola asuselwa ekucutshungweni kwezibalo kolwazi ekuphatheni imfucuza kwesisekelo (okungenani iminyaka emi-3). Kuyinto elula ukubala imfucuza enjengephepha lokungcola, ukupakisha imfucuza kusuka ezintweni zokusetshenziswa nokunye ukungcola, okukhona ukuthi kunzima ukubala kusetshenziswa ezinye izindlela. Okubi ngale ndlela ukuthi ayisebenzi emabhizinisini amasha, ngaphezu kwalokho, isizukulwane sangempela sedoti kwesinye isikhathi sincike kwizizathu eziningi, futhi ukusampula ngaphezulu kweminyaka eminingana kungenzeka kungakhombisi kahle inkambiso yokwenziwa kwemfucuza
Inkambo yokucabanga yonjiniyela wephrojekthi yokungcola ye-PNOOLR izocishe ibe ngale ndlela elandelayo:
Ibhizinisi lidinga amathani ama-X wezinto zokusetshenziswa ngasikhathi sinye. Ukusuka kumathani we-X wezinto zokusetshenziswa, amathani wamathani angena kumkhiqizo ophelile (umkhiqizo noma insizakalo). Izinto ze-N zitholiwe. I-Z iyisisekelo sokuncipha kwemvelo. Amathani we-V / amalitha okukhipha nokukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi emoyeni nasemithonjeni yamanzi, ngokulandelana.
Ngokusekelwa kulokhu okufakwayo, kubalwa ukwenziwa. umsolwa umthamo wokudala udoti wohlobo ngalunye kumathani ngonyaka. Lokhu kuyacatshangelwa kwamukelwa ngokubanzi amazinga wokudala imfucuza asetshenziswa embonini.
Uma izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinto zokusetshenziswa zingabandakanyeka enqubweni, khona-ke ukubalwa kwenziwa ngokuya ibhalansi ebonakalayo ukukhiqiza.
6. Ukuhanjiswa kwamazinga wokungcola ayilungiswa
Ukuhambisa i-PNNOLR ukuze ivunyelwe, kubalulekile ukuthumela isitatimende ngokuvunywa kwamazinga wokuzala wokungcola nemikhawulo yokubekwa kwawo isampula nephrojekthi esele. Ukukhishwa kwedokhumenti evumela izindinganiso zokudala imfucuza kanye nemikhawulo yokulahla kwazo kuyinsizakalo yombuso ekhokhelwayo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhokha imali yombuso ngokuhlinzekwa kwayo.
Kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30 zebhizinisi kusuka ngosuku okutholwe ngalo isicelo kanye nephrojekthi, izinhlaka zezindawo zaseRosprirodnadzor zithatha isinqumo sokuvumela imigomo yokukhiqizwa kukadoti nemikhawulo yokulahla kwazo noma isinqumo sokwenqaba ukuzivuma.
Izizathu zokwenqatshwa ngokuya nge-Order No. 50 yile:
- ukuba khona kolwazi olungalungile oluhlobene nokuba khona kwamaphutha we-arithmetic noma anengqondo lapho ugcwalisa amafomu anikezwe ngemiyalo yendlela,
- ukungabikho kwesikhungo sokulahla imfucuza lapho ukulahlwa kukadoti kulindeleke ukuba kwenzeke e-GRORO,
- ngokweqile inani lemfucuza ehlongozwayo yokulahla ngaphezu komthamo otholakalayo wesikhungo sokulahla imfucuza (ngokuya ngemiphumela yokusungula kwayo).
Asikho esinye isizathu esingaba isizathu esanele sokwenqaba ukuvunywa kwe-PNOORR. Iphrojekthi uqobo lwayo kumele ibe nesakhiwo esisungulwe i-Order No. 349 futhi ifake izicelo ezidingekayo.
Ukulahlwa kukadoti kuprintwe ngamakhophi ama-2. Eyodwa igcinwe ebhizinisini. Elesibili lithunyelwe kwigunya lendawo leRosprirodnadzor. Qiniseka ukuthi unamathisela idiski nekhophi ye-elekthronikhi yephrojekthi. Izigaba zokuvunywa zichazwe ngemininingwane eminingi ekhasini lephrojekthi le-PNOORR.
Umthetho uhlinzeka ngenketho yokuhambisa iphrojekthi ye-PNOOLR ngendlela ye-elekhtronikhi usebenzisa isayinwe ye-elektroniki yenhlangano esemthethweni.
6.1 Iphrojekthi yokungcola yamagatsha
Uma ibhizinisi linamagatsha noma ukwahlukana ngaphakathi eyodwa ngaphansi kweRussian Federation, khona-ke le nhlangano esemthethweni inelungelo lokunquma ngokuzimele ukuthi izothuthukiswa yini eyodwa noma ngaphezulu Amaphrojekthi wePNOOLR.
Uma amagatsha ebhizinisi kungokwalawo okuhlukile izikhonzi zeRussia Federation, khona-ke esifundweni ngasinye kufanele kube inketho yakho imfucuza iphrojekthi.
6.2 Akukho ukukhishwa kabusha kwe-PNOORR
I-PNOOLR ayikhonjelwa ekuphindeni isebenze, kepha ungaphinde uthumele i-Idokhumende ngokuvunyelwa kwamazinga wokuzala wokungcola nemikhawulo yokuwachitha. Ukukhishwa kabusha kwenziwa kuphela uma imininingwane yalowo ofake isicelo (igama, ifomu lezomthetho, indawo, i-PSRN, igama eligcwele neminye imininingwane yomuntu osomabhizinisi ngamunye) esishintshile, i-ORO ekhonjiswe ku-PNOOLR noma imininingwane yayo isishintshile.
Ukuze uvuseleleke, udinga ukuhambisa isitatimende ngokuvuselelwa kwezinga lokudalwa kwemfucuza kanye nemikhawulo yokulahla kwabo (okubonisa izizathu zokuvuselelwa) kanye nencwadi yasekuqaleni ekhishwe ekuqaleni. Isicelo siyabuyekezwa kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10 zebhizinisi. Uma ibhizinisi lebhizinisi selishintshe ngqo inqubo yokukhiqiza, ukwakheka kwebhizinisi, izindlela zokulawulwa kwemfucuza, kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa i-PNOOLR entsha.
7. Ukudidiyelwa kwephrojekthi yePNOOLR
Iziphathimandla ezimbalwa zokugada ziqondisa ngokushesha imfucuza yamabhizinisi: iRosprirodnadzor, iRospotrebnadzor, ihhovisi labashushisi bezemvelo kanye nabanye.
Ngokomthetho, iphrojekthi yePNOOLR ivunywa yiRosprirodnadzor kusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-30 zomsebenzi (isb., Inyanga eyodwa nesigamu). Eqinisweni, ukuvunywa eSt kusuka ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Ukushesha kokuxhumana kuyatholakala, kufaka phakathi ukulungiswa okulungile kwamadokhumenti endaweni yokugcwalisa.
8. Ukuthola imingcele yokulahlwa kukadoti
Ngenxa yokuvunywa kwephrojekthi yedoti eRosprirodnadzor, noma yikuphi ukuphawula kwenziwa ukuthi kudinga ukuqedwa bese iphrojekthi iphinde ihanjiswa ukuze iphasiswe kabusha. Kuphakathi okuvunyelwe ngabezemvelo noma inhlangano yoyilo izindinganiso zokungcolafuthi kukhishwe imikhawulo yokulahlwa kukadoti.
T.O. ibhizinisi lithola ubufakazi bokubhalwe phansi kwemvume yombuso yenqubomgomo ekhonjisiwe yenkunkuma yonyaka.
Emikhawulweni ekhishwe ngodoti akufakiwe zonke izinhlobo zamatshe namaminerali akhishwe ngesikhathi kusungulwa ama-deposits, umhlaba kabusha, njll.
Usuku Lokuvunywa amazinga nemikhawulo - lolu usuku olusemthethweni isinqumo seziphathimandla zeRosprirodnadzor ekwamukelweni kwamazinga nemikhawulo ye-PNOOLR yamukelwa. Lolu lwazi luthunyelwa kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yeRosprirodnadzor.
9. Ukunwetshwa kwemikhawulo yokungcola
Imikhawulo yiminyaka emi-5, ngemuva kwalokho edinga ukwelulwa. Imikhawulo kumele ivuselelwe minyaka yonke (kwenziwa umbiko ngokungasebenzi kokukhiqizwa).
Ezinhlanganweni ezinkulu nakwizitshalo zezimboni, igama lokuthi kuthuthukiswe futhi kuvunyelwe imingcele yokulahlwa kukadoti kungafinyelela unyaka, kanti kwezinye izikhathi kunesigamu nesigamu. Iminyaka engu-3.5 esisele ihamba ngokushesha, futhi kuyadingeka futhi ukwengeza umkhawulo kwimvelo.
Izinhlawulo zokuntuleka kwemikhawulo yemvelo evumelekile (imfucumfucu, ukuphuma, ukuphuma kwedatha) kufinyelela kuma-ruble angama-250,000 kanye nokumiswa komsebenzi ngezinsuku ezingama-90. Ukuze uvikele lokhu, naka amadokhumenti ezemvelo enhlanganweni yakho, futhi uma ukusebenza kwawo sekusondele, xhumana nabathuthukisi.
Ngabe kufanele ngikhokhe imali yesifundazwe yokuvuma i-PNOORR?
Ngokwesisekelo subparagraph 125 p.1 of Article 333.33 weKhodi Yentela YaseRussian Federation, ukuvunywa kwamazinga wokuqalwa kokungcola kwezimboni nemikhawulo yokulahlwa kwabo kwamukelwa njengesenzo esibalulekile ngokusemthethweni umsebenzi wombuso wama-ruble ayi-1600 uyakhokhiswa.
Umsebenzi wombuso wamazinga okusalungiswa wokudala imfucuza kanye nemikhawulo yokulahlwa kwawo ungakhokhelwa esizindeni sezinsizakalo zoMbuso lapho ethola insiza ehambelana nawo.
Ngokwesisekelo isigatshana 9 somyalo woMnyango Wezemithombo Yezemvelo waseRussia Federation Nombolo 50, uma uhlaka lwe-PNOOLR noma isitatimende esihambisana nalo ukuze kuvunyelwe kuveze ukunganembile (noma) imininingwane engaphelele, kanye nokungapheleli kwephrojekthi uqobo, khona-ke ukwakheka kwendawo yeRosprirodnadzor kungakapheli izinsuku ezi-5 zomsebenzi (ukubala phansi lesi sikhathi senziwa kusukela ngesikhathi sokuthola i-PNOOLR enhlanganweni yezomnotho) sibuyisela okusalungiswa nesicelo sokubuyekezwa. Esikhundleni salokho, ithumela isaziso mayelana nesidingo sokuqeda ukwephulwa okuhlonziwe noma ukuhlinzeka wonke amadokhumenti ngokuhambisana nemihlahlandlela (uku-oda No. 349 woMnyango Wezemvelo). Isikhathi sokuqedwa sinikezwe kuphela izinsuku eziyi-10 ezisebenzayo (hhayi ikhalenda!) Izinsuku. Futhi-ke kuphakama umbuzo: Ngabe futhi udinga ukukhokha imali yombuso yokulungisa iphrojekthi yePNOORR kanye nokubuyiselwa kwayo nokuqinisekiswa yiphathi yendawo yeRosprirodnadzor?
Okokuqala, ngokusho komqondo weKhodi Yentela YaseRussia kanye noku-oda kukaNombolo 50 woMnyango Wezemvelo, isaziso ngokuqedwa kwephakethe lamaphepha okugunyazwa kwe-PNOORR wumbhalo wesikhashana othinta kuphela inqubo yokuvumela amazinga kanye nemikhawulo. Ngakho-ke, ayiwele ngaphansi kokuhlinzekwa kwendima 125 yesigaba 1 sesiqeshana 333.33 seKhodi Yezintela. Ngakho-ke, ukubuyekezwa kabusha kwephrojekthi akuyona ngaphansi kokukhokha okwengeziwe komsebenzi wombuso. Ngani?
Ngoba isaziso sokuphothulwa kwephrojekthi akuyona idokhumenti eqinisekisa noma yokwenqaba ukuvumela iphrojekthi. URosprirodnadzor udweba isinqumo esinjalo ngesenzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuyinkomba yesidingo sokulungiswa nokwengezwa kwiphrojekthi izincomo ezandulela isinqumo sokuvuma i-PNOOR noma senqabe ukusivuma. Mina. lesi sigaba esandulelayo ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kwezenzo ezibalulekile ezingokomthetho okhokhelwa umsebenzi wombuso.
Isikhathi sokwenza ukulungisa ku-PNOOR sinqunyelwe - izinsuku eziyi-10 zokusebenza kuphela. Uma ibhizinisi lidlula lesi sikhathi, igunya lesifunda laseRosprirodnadzor linelungelo lokwenza ukwenqaba kokugcina kokuvumela iphrojekthi ye-PNOORR (isigatshana se-11 se-Order No. 50 soMnyango Wezemithombo Yezemvelo). Ngasikhathi sinye, umsebenzi wombuso okhokhelwe ngaphambili wePNOOLR ayibuyiswa (Incwadi yoMnyango Wezemithombo Yezemvelo yangomhla ka-04.03.14, uNo OD-06-01-36 / 3096). Ngakho-ke, ukuhanjiswa kabusha kwephrojekthi ngokuya ngamazinga nemikhawulo yokulahlwa kukadoti okumele kwenziwe umsebenzi omusha wombuso ye-PNOOLR (isigaba 125 sesigaba 1 sesihloko 333.33 seKhodi Yentela YaseRussia, Letter No OD-06-01-36 / 3096 yoMnyango Wezemvelo).
Ngokuqondene nemali yesifundazwe yombiko wezobuchwepheshe wokunwetshwa kwe-PNOORR, yayo ukushaja okungekho emthethweni . Ngemuva kwakho konke, umbiko wezobuchwepheshe ngumbhalo ngesisekelo lapho amazinga kanye nemikhawulo esevele ivunyelwe yiRosprirodnadzor iqinisekiswa kuphela. Ukuhanjiswa kwayo kwaminyaka yonke kwandisa iphrojekthi, futhi akusebenzi njengokuvunyelwa kwayo kabusha.
Uma kunesidingo sokuthola impinda ephindwe kabili yamazinga okusalungiswa akhawulelwe kanye nemikhawulo ngenxa yokulahleka noma ukulimala kwayo, umsebenzi wombuso wama-ruble angama-350 kufanele ukhokhwe (izigaba.126 p.1 ze-athikili 333.33 zeKhodi Yentela yeRussian Federation). Ngaphezu kwalokho, isinqumo sokuhlinzeka impinda senziwe kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-15 ukutholwa kwesicelo esivela enkampanini sokukhipha idokhumenti eliphindwe kabili.
Ithenda yokuthuthukiswa kwe-PNOOLR
Ithenda ithenda, umphumela wayo kuyisivumelwano. Le ndlela yokukhethwa kosonkontileka beqembu lesithathu lomsebenzi, imisebenzi noma ukulethwa kwemikhiqizo ihlala ibhekelelwa izinhlaka zikamasipala, zesifunda kanye nezombuso. Kepha usesho olufanayo lokuhweba ngomuntu owenza kahle alunakwa ngamabhizinisi amakhulu okuhweba ngezinhloso zawo.
Ukuthola inkampani ye ukuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi PNOORR, kunamaphuzu ambalwa okufanele uwabheke lapho ukhetha umculi:
- umthuthukisi kumele abe nesipiliyoni sokuqamba amazinga kanye nemikhawulo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, inqubo yokulungiselela iphrojekthi izobambezeleka futhi ukunemba komklamo wayo akuqinisekisiwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunobungozi obukhulu kakhulu bokuthi kususwe amaphutha kuphrojekthi ephindaphindwe, okuzobuyiselwa ngezikhathi ezithile kuRosprirodnadzor ukuze kubuyekezwe kabusha. Ngenxa yalokhu, inkampani ilindele ukuqinisekiswa,
- umthuthukisi we-PNOOLR akufanele abe nelayisense. Ukuze usebenze emkhakheni wokuvikela imvelo, kufaka phakathi ukwakhiwa kwamazinga nemikhawulo yokungcola okuyingozi, imvume yezwe ayidingeki, ngaphandle kokubhalisa nomhloli wentela. Lokhu kufakazelwa ngumthetho Nombolo 99-FZ “Ngokuthola amalayisense ezinhlobo ezithile zemisebenzi”: ku-athikili yayo 12, imisebenzi yokuthuthukisa i-PNOOLR ayicacisiwe,
- umthuthukisi wamazinga okusalungiswa nemingcele kufanele abe nabasebenzi abanezitifiketi neziqu ezifanele. Ngaphandle kokuthi isitifiketi sabantu ababambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwe-PNOOLR asicacisiwe kunoma yiziphi izinto ezikhona zokulawula njengomsebenzi, umthuthukisi wamaphrojekthi anjengalawa kufanele abe nochwepheshe abanemfundo ekhethekile. Isibonelo, kufanele kube khona abasebenza ngemvelo noma abahloli bezemvelo,
- Zombili izinhlangano ezingokomthetho nosomabhizinisi zingabamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwe-PNOOLR. Into esemqoka ukutholakala kokubhaliswa neziphathimandla zentela. Lokhu kungabhekwa ngokuzimela ngokusebenzisa insiza "Zihlole kanye nomphikisi" kuwebhusayithi ye-Federal tax Service yeRussian Federation (nalog.ru).
Ukuhlela ithenda yokuthuthukiswa kwamazinga okuqalwa kwemingcele nemikhawulo, ungasebenzisa amasayithi we-elekthronikhi lapho okubekwa okufanayo. Kuhle ukukhetha lezo zingosi ze-e-commerce ezinesithuthi esikhulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingosi zamathenda ezikhethekile ze-elekthronikhi zinikezela ngezinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi:
- usizo ekutholeni amasiginesha edijithali womsebenzi esizeni nokusayina amadokhumenti afanele. Amabhizinisi atholakalayo amanye ama-EDS kusayithi lethenda, njengomthetho, angasebenzi,
- usizo ekwamukelweni kwesiza. Akunakwenzeka ukufinyelela ithenda ngaphandle kwalo,
- ukusekelwa kwethenda - kulabo ababamba iqhaza ekubhidlizweni njengomphathi wezinto ezingekho,
- nezinye izinsizakalo eziningi.
Ngendlela, ungasebenzisa isiza sakho ukusesha unjiniyela wePNOOLR. Ngasikhathi sinye, umncintiswano wezentengiso awuphoqeleli ukuthi enze inkontileka nalowo ophumelele. Ibhizinisi elifuna umbizi ukuthi lilungiselele i-PNOORD lingaqala futhi ithenda uma bonke abafake izicelo bengagculisekile ngalo.Imithetho yethenda isungulwa yikhasimende uqobo, kepha ngesikhathi sethenda kumele aqondiswe ngumthetho wezomphakathi.
11. Iseluleko esisebenzayo ekuthuthukisweni nasekuhlanganiseni i-PNOORR
11.1 Izinguquko zenqubo
Okokuqala, ngaphambi kokuqala intuthuko, kubalulekile ukuthi sihlaziye imisebenzi yebhizinisi lezomnotho. Ngabe kukhona ushintsho kubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, ukulungiswa kabusha kwamabhizinisi, noma ukuthengwa kwemishini eyengeziwe? Uma kunjalo, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake zonke izinguquko zekusasa ku-PNOORR. Ngabe izindawo zokugcina imfucuza zihlonyelwe ngokuya ngamazinga okuhlanzeka nawendawo ezungezile? Uma kungenjalo, udinga ukwenza umsebenzi odingekayo.
11.2 Imisebenzi enelayisense
Ngaphezu kwalokho, chaza ngokucacile izindlela zokuphathwa kwemfucuza ebhizinisini. Muva nje, ukungathathi hlangothi kanye nokulahlwa kwemfucuza kuphela obekulayisensi, kepha manje imisebenzi enamalayisense ifaka ukuqoqwa, ukuthutha (ngisho phakathi kwamagatsha ebhizinisi elilodwa), ukucubungula, kanye nokulahla imfucuza yethu ekukhiqizweni kwethu.
Ukungathathi hlangothi okuncane kwe-acid acid emnyangweni wezokuThutha manje kudinga ilayisense. Ukuthola ilayisense elinjalo kuvame ukuba yinqubo ende futhi ebizayo, ngakho-ke kuvame ukuba nokuqonda ngokwengeziwe ukuthola izinhlangano esezinamalayisense kakade zokuthola imfucuza enjalo zidlulisele kuzo imfucuza. Ngokuvamile, udinga ukukala zonke izinto bese ubala ukuthi iyiphi inzuzo eningi nephephile - ukusebenzisa noma ukulahla imfucuza ebhizinisini lakho noma ukuyihambisa kubantu besithathu.
Ngaphambi kwentuthuko, qiniseka ukuthi inkampani inezinkontileka ezidingekayo zokudlulisela imfucuza ukuze iphinde isebenze kabusha noma ukuyilahla onamalayisenseamabhizinisinokungcola okuqinile komasipala kuyathuthwa abathwali abanamalayisense kuvuliwe Ukugcwaliswa komhlaba okunelayisense kuhlu ku-GRORO.
Izinkontileka eziphelelwe yisikhathi kufanele zelulwe, futhi kudluliselwe imfucuza kuhlu lwabanye abantu abangaphezu kwababili kufanele kubhalwe phansi futhi amakhophi wazo zonke izinkontileka namalayisense entweni etholwayo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, akusizi ukuthi kuqalwe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-PNOOR ekupheleni konyaka - izinkontileka zizophelelwa yisikhathi ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa nokuvunywa kwephrojekthi.
11.3 Ukuvunyelwa kwesigaba seHazard
Ngokwedlule, ukuze iphrojekthi ithuthukiswe futhi ivunyelwe, amaphasiphothi wedoti awadingeki. Kodwa-ke, ukuqinisekiswa kwesigaba esiyingozi sokungcola kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamapasipoti kuwumsebenzi wezinhlangano zebhizinisi njengoba kufakwe emthethweni weFederal Law No. 89-FZ. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphrojekthi izodinga ukukhombisa inani lezicelo zokuthumela amaphasiphothi athuthukisiwe eRosprirodnadzor. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwalolu lwazi, ukuvunywa kwe-PNOORR kungenzeka kungavunyelwa, yize i-Order No. 50 ingasho kanjalo.
11.4 Ukuhambisana nesikhathi esibekiwe sokuthuthuka
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqamba iphrojekthi, sincoma ukuthi uqale uhlakulele ama-passports, ngoba lokhu akuyona inqubo esheshayo. Noma ngabe kunamaphasiphothi akudala (ngaphambi kokwethulwa kwekhathalogi entsha ye-Federal Classization Catalogue ka-2014, ngemuva kwalokho i-FCCW), sincoma ukuthi kubuyekezwe, mhlawumbe kungenzelwe imfucumfucu entsha noma kufakwe okunye okusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-PNOOLR nakho kungumsebenzi omude, usuku lokuqala lokuqala lokuthuthuka lungaba izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya onyakeni ngaphambi kokuphela kwephrojekthi yamanje, ngokuya ngosayizi webhizinisi, uhlu lodoti nezinye izimo.
11.5 Imfucumfucu nemfucuza: Ukuphinda usebenzise imfucuza
Ngesikhathi kukhonjwa imfucuza ebhizinisini, kufanele kubhekwe izinto eziningana. Muva nje, kuye kwaba nombuzo oshubile wokuthi yini ethathwa njengamdoti nokuthi yini ethathwa njengezinto ezingaphekiwe. Imvamisa, inqubo yezobuchwepheshe ifaka isizukulwane semfucuza eqoqwa ngqo endaweni yokukhiqiza, iqoqwe futhi isetshenziswe kabusha, noma ithengiselwe abanye abantu.
Uma usebenzisa kabusha imfucuza yakho, ingabhekwa njengokulahlwa kukadoti futhi ingaphansi kwelayisense. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukudweba izinqubo zobuchwepheshe ngaleyo ndlela futhi uhlele inqubo yokuthi imfucuza ayakhiwa kanjalo. Ukuguqulwa okunokwenzeka kusuka kumfucuza kuya ezintweni zokusetshenziswa okunguwe. Ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha imfucuza.
Ngakho-ke, uma izinto zisuswa enqubweni, lapho-ke zingamachiza. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kudoti kungathengiswa abathintekayo, khona-ke kufanele kuthuthukiswe imibandela yezobuchwepheshe yedoti, ichazwe njengomkhiqizo ngokuhambisana ne-OKPD 2 futhi ithengiswe ngaphansi kwenkontileka yokuthengisa. Kulokhu, ilayisense ayidingeki, futhi ukufakwa kukadoti ku-PNOORR nakho kungagwenywa.
Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi manje emapulazini ahilelekile imfuyo nezinkukhu. Kuyaziwa ukuthi bangakanani ubungako abakha imfucuza yomquba kanye nodoti. Ukuze uthengise umquba noma udoti njengomanyolo, kubalulekile ukukuqinisekisa njengomkhiqizo ngokuya nge-GOSTs futhi unake nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zamazinga kanye nezimo zobuchwepheshe.
Esitifiketini sokuvumelana esigabeni "semikhiqizo", kufanele uchaze imibandela yezobuchwepheshe noma incazelo yezimpahla. Kodwa-ke, ubunzima bungabangelwa yukuthi ngaphambi kokuthengisa umquba noma udoti kumele kugcinwe endaweni yokugcina izimpahla isikhathi eside izinyanga eziyi-10 noma ngaphezulu, ngenxa yalokho udoti womile bese uthola izakhiwo zomanyolo. Futhi wakhe isigaba se-hazard sincishisiwe.
Khumbula ukuthi ukuqoqwa kukadoti ngaphezulu kwezinyanga eziyi-11 sekuvele ukugcinwa kwemfucuza, okungaphansi kokuthola amalayisense, futhi into yokugcina enjalo - kufanele kungeniswe kwi-GRORO. Konke lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho kukhethwa isu lokudlulisela imfucuza iye kumkhiqizo. Isimo esifanayo sinjalo neminye imfucumfucu ekhiqizwa ngqo ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa, njengokubumba izinkuni ekubumbeni noma ekulweni ngezitini lapho kudilizwa izakhiwo.
Amanzi wokushintsha amanzi kokuthambisa kumthamo
Ubunzima babuye bubangelwe ngumbuzo: ingabe imfucumfucu enamanzi amdaka uma idonswa amapayipi futhi ungangeni emgodini wedolobha? Kunencazelo yalokhu kusuka kuRosprirodnadzor.
.. Kulokhu, ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenyeni ze-liquid ezikhwetshwe emikhotheni njengamanzi amdaka noma imfucuza kuncike kwindlela yokulahla kwabo. Uma izingxenyana ze-liquid zisuswa ngokufaka emzimbeni wezidumbu ngemuva kokwelashwa, kufanele zithathwe njengamanzi angcolile futhi ukuphathwa kwazo kuzobekwa ngemithetho yemithetho. Uma lokho kulahlwa ngendlela ehlukile ngaphandle kokukhishelwa emithanjeni yamanzi, leyo mishini enjalo ayiweleki encazelweni yamanzi angcolile futhi kufanele ithathwe njengemfucumfucu ewuketshezi, ezophinde iphathwe ngokuhambisana nomthetho wedoti.
Ukubalwa kwemali ngodoti kusuka ezimotweni
Elinye iphuzu elingadala ubunzima ekwakhiweni kwe-PNOORD esiteji sokunqunywa kwegama lokungcola kukhetho lwendlela yokuphatha imfucuza eyenziwe ezimotweni. Ngokusho kweFCCW, cishe izinto eziyi-15 zodoti zikhiqizwa ohlwini lokungcola kusuka kulungiswa kanye nokulungiswa kwezithuthi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvamisa yemikhumbi yezimoto ingeyebhizinisi, kodwa-ke, ukulungiswa ngokwako akwenziwa ibhizinisi. Ngenxa yalokhu, baphetha izivumelwano nezinhlangano zezinkampani zangaphandle (iziteshi zomsebenzi wobuchwepheshe) noma zilungisa izinsiza zewaranti ngumenzi wezimoto.
Ngokuzijwayeza, ngemuva kokulungiswa kwemoto, izingxenye ezisetshenzisiwe, amaphakeki okugqekeza, izihlungi cishe zingaphinde zibuyele kumnikazi wemoto. Imfucuza ihlala nesiteshi senkonzo, nayo, okufanele siyilahle noma siyilahle (uma kukhona ilayisensi yalezi zinhlobo zokulawulwa kwemfucuza), noma siyidlulisele kwenye inhlangano enelayisense yalesi nalezi zinto zokukhiqiza.
Kulokhu, lapho kuthuthukiswa iphrojekthi, kuyadingeka ukukhombisa lonke uchungechunge lwezinkomba zosizo "Umnikazi wemoto - i-STO yinhlangano eyamukela imfucumfucu efeza isigaba sokugcina sokulawulwa kwemfucuza."
Yonke imininingwane edingekayo (igama, ikhodi kanye nesigaba sengozi yokungcola okutholwe ebhizinisini esithile, udaba lokuhlukaniswa kwelungelo lobunikazi kuletha imfucuza ngesikhathi sokudluliswa kwayo, uhlobo lokunye ukuphathwa kwemfucuza) kufanele lucaciswe kahle kwizivumelwano.
Isimo esihlukile kancane ngokulahlwa kwamabhethri ezimoto, amathayi namafutha asetshenzisiwe. Njengomthetho, ibhizinisi liqoqa ngokucophelela futhi lithengise lokhu kudoti kubantu besithathu ngaphansi kwezivumelwano zokuthenga nokuthengisa, ngoba lokhu kungcola kunenani eliphakeme.
Ngokuvamile, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-PNOOLR inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi efaka izigaba eziningana. Maduze nje, i-PNOOR njengamanje izonyamalala, futhi izothathelwa indawo izinhlobo ezintsha zemibhalo yemvelo nokubika - izimvume zemvelo ezihlanganisiwe, izimemezelo, izinhlelo zokulawulwa kwezemvelo zezimboni, njll.
12. Uhlu lwamagama
Umkhawulo Wokulahlwa Kokungcola - inani elivumelekile lemfucumfucu yohlobo oluthile olungachithwa ngendlela ethile yesikhathi esinqunyelwe ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu, kucatshangelwa isimo semvelo endaweni enikezwe yona.
Imfucuza ejwayelekile - inani elisunguliwe lokungcola kohlobo oluthile ekukhiqizeni iyunithi lokukhiqiza.
Ukukhiqiza nokusebenzisa imfucuza -izinto noma izinto ezakhiwa inqubo yokukhiqiza, ukusebenza komsebenzi, ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo noma inqubo yokusetshenziswa, okuchithiwe, kuhloselwe ukulahla noma okungaphansi kokulahlwa ngokuhambisana nalo mthetho weFederal Law (Ngokusho komthetho weFederal Law No. 89).
Ukulahlwa kukadoti - isigaba sokugcina somjikelezo wezobuchwepheshe, lapho ukubola, ukubhujiswa kanye / noma ukulahlwa kukadoti kwezifundo ezinobungozi i-I-IV kwenziwa ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo (Ngokusho kwe-GOST R 53692-2009).
Amanzi amdaka - imvula, ukuncibilika, ukungena emanzini, ukunisela, ukuhambisa amanzi, amanzi angcolile asuka ohlelweni olungamaphakathi lokudonsa amanzi kanye namanye amanzi akhishwa (adedeliwe) emizimbeni yamanzi ngemuva kokusebenzisa noma akhishwe endaweni etholakalayo (Ngokusho kwesigaba 19 se-athikili 1 yeKhodi Yamanzi RF).
Izinketho zokuthuthukisa ze-PNOOLR
Amanye amabhizinisi azama ukuthuthukisa ngokuzimela i-PNOOLR. Lokhu kudinga isikhathi esiningi nolwazi olukhethekile. Kuyadingeka ukubheka njalo izinguquko emthethweni futhi uguqule iphrojekthi ngokuhambisana nezinto ezintsha. Njengomthetho, inqubo yokuvunyelwa kwedokhumenti kuleli cala ithatha isikhathi eside futhi iyabiza (ngokuphikisa nokwamukelwa kwemibhalo kabusha).
Inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwe-PNOORD ngochwepheshe
Inketho enhle kakhulu yokwenziwa kwe-PNOOLR ukuphendukela kubasebenzi enhlanganweni ekhethekile (ngokwesibonelo, lapha, eco-research.rf) enikezela ngezinsizakalo ezigcwele zosizo kusuka kulungiselela amadokhumenti kuye ekuvunyweni kwawo. Ngaso leso sikhathi, isikhathi sokubulawa sincishisiwe, futhi inqubo yokuvunyelwa yenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu okukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izazi zemvelo zingenza izincomo kubuchwepheshe bokwehlisa ukukhiqizwa kwemfucuza, okuzoholela ekunciphiseni okwengeziwe kwezindleko kanye nezindleko zalo mbhalo. Ezinye izinzuzo zisobala ebhizinisini:
- Ochwepheshe baqeqeshiwe kakhulu futhi banolwazi, banolwazi ngezinguquko zakamuva zohlaka lomthetho, ezithinta ikhwalithi yokulungiswa kwephrojekthi nokusebenzisana kwayo okulandelayo, futhi futhi iqinisekisa nesikhathi esincane sokuqedelwa komsebenzi,
- amaphutha ekwakhiweni kwephrojekthi awenzeki noma awafakwa eceleni, ngoba izinkampani ezikhethekile ziphendukela kuphela kulabhorethri abathembekile noma kubalingani abanolwazi,
- Izinkampani ezikhethekile zinikeza ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe kwebhizinisi, okuthinta ukusebenza kahle kwezinqubo zokudalelwa imfucuza nenani lazo futhi kusiza ekwehliseni umthwalo wentela.
Ngokuyisisekelo, ukulungiswa nokulungiswa kwe-PNOOR ezinkampanini ezikhethekile kungadluli izinsuku eziyi-10 zokusebenza kusukela ngosuku lokutholwa kwephakeji ephelele yemibhalo yomthombo. Ngokuya ngezinga lobunzima bokubhaliswa - uhlobo lwezinhlobo zemisebenzi yebhizinisi kanye negama lokudalwa kukadoti okwenziwe, isikhathi sephrojekthi singakhuphuka size sifinyelele ezinsukwini ezingama-20 - 30.
Isikhathi sokuvunywa kwe-PNOORR ethuthukisiwe ezinhlakeni zombuso asidluli izinsuku ezingama-30 zokusebenza kusukela ngosuku lokufakwa kwemibhalo eyamukelwa ngokusho kokutholwayo okunophawu olugunyaziwe lapho kutholwa. Ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa, amadokhumenti ayavunyelwa noma athunyelwa ukuba abukezwe kabusha. Kulokhu, incazelo yezizathu zokwenqaba kwemvume inamathiselwe ngokubhala.
I-ecology ephepheni
Izindleko zokuthuthukisa i-PNOOLR esimweni ngasinye zibalwa ngawodwana. Ezinye izinkampani zibeka intengo ethile yohlobo olulodwa lodoti kanye nokusebenza okuthile - ukubala isigaba sezingozi, ukuthola ipasipoti, njll. Abanye - bakhetha ukukhombisa inani lentengo yephrojekthi, elihlukahluka ngokuhlanganiswa kwamapharamitha:
- amakhono kanye nobukhulu bebhizinisi,
- inani nezinhlobonhlobo zemfucuza eyenziwe, isigaba sabo sengozi,
- isidingo se-biioassay of udoti nokuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali,
- ezinye izici ezibalulekile zezinqubo zomsebenzi zebhizinisi elithile.
Isikhathi sephrojekthi ye-NoOOLR kanye nokunokwenzeka kokunwetshwa kwayo
Isikhathi somthetho sephrojekthi ye-NOOLR sisungulelwa izinhlangano ezingokomthetho nosomabhizinisi abazibandakanye ekulahleleni imfucumfucu eyingozi isikhathi selayisense labo lokuqoqa, ukusebenzisa, ukuletha ukungabi nobungozi, ukuthutha nokulahla imfucuza eyingozi. Kwezinye izinhlangano, i-PNOOLR ivunyelwe isikhathi esiyiminyaka emi-5.
Izinsizakalo zemvelo PNOORR noma ukubika i-SM ne-SB
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhawulo yokulahlwa kwemfucuza yakho inwetshwa njalo ngonyaka ngombiko ngokungatholakali kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ezisetshenzisiwe nezinqubo zokukhiqiza. Umbiko onjalo uyenziwa uma kungekho zinguquko ezinkulu emsebenzini ojwayelekile webhizinisi. Umbiko wezobuchwepheshe ngokungabonakali kwenqubo yokukhiqiza uqinisekisa ukuthi ngonyaka ngemuva kokuthola idokhumenti emananini wokuzala imfucumfucu kanye nemikhawulo yokulahla kwabo, izinqubo zokukhiqiza ebhizinisini zahlala zinjalo (azishintshiwe) futhi ziyahambisana ngokuphelele nalezo ezichazwe kuphrojekthi ye-NOOLR. Ubufakazi bangempela bokunwetshwa kwamazinga avunyiwe yisitembu sosuku esitatimendeni sokwamukelwa kombiko.
Kwezinye izimo - ukwethulwa kobuchwepheshe obusha, ushintsho kwinani labasebenzi, ukubonakala kwesibalo esisha emikhiqizweni, ukuvuselelwa kwemishini nemishini, kuyadingeka ukwenza ushintsho olufanele kuphrojekthi futhi uyihambise ukuze ivunyelwe futhi. Umnyombo nefomu lokuhambisa umbiko wezobuchwepheshe mayelana nokulimala kwenqubo yokukhiqiza kulawulwa ngumyalo weRostekhnadzor No. 703 we-10.19.2007. ("Imihlahlandlela yokwakhiwa kwe-PNOOLR").
Lapho isikhathi seprojekthi ye-NOOLR siphela isikhathi sebhizinisi elingekho phakathi kwamabhizinisi amancane noma aphakathi nendawo, kuzodingeka ukuthuthukisa i-PNOOLR entsha, noma ngabe kungekho zinguquko emisebenzini yokukhiqiza. Uma isheke lenziwa ebhizinisini ngalesi sikhathi, khona-ke inhlawulo ingatholakala ngokungatholakali kweprojekthi yedoti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokuguqula phakathi kokuphela kwesikhathi esungulwe yephrojekthi yakudala nokutholwa okusha okunemikhawulo evunyelwe, izinkokhelo ezijwayelekile zibalwa ngento yokwanda okuphindwe kashlanu.