IHercules Beetle got igama layo elikhulu sibonga ethandwa inganekwane iqhawe uHeracles. Futhi ukuqhathanisa okunjalo kuyaphumelela kakhulu. I-Hercules mabhungane ibhungane elikhulu, elingomunye wabamele izinhlobonhlobo zalo. Ngamandla nosayizi, ibhungane kuphela elisebenza nge-woodcutter-titan. Lokhu kwabhalwa phansi encwadini yamarekhodi.
Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo
Photo: Hercules Beetle
IHerculesi izinambuzane ezinamaphiko. Kungomndeni omkhulu kakhulu we-lamellae. Namuhla inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu futhi iyenziwa njalo ngonyaka. Abamele le nhlobo bande emhlabeni wonke. Ibhungane lobhejane, njengoba livame ukubizwa kanjalo, lingelokuzithobela okuphindwe kabili.
Le subfamily inesici esiyingqayizivele esiyingqayizivele - ukukhula ku-expression ,um. Ngalesi sizathu, izinambuzane ezinjalo zinzima ukudida nanoma ngubani. Ngenxa yokukhula okuthile, ama-hercule angafinyelela amasentimitha ayisikhombisa ubude.
Ukubukeka nezimpawu
Photo: Hercules Beetle Red Book
Ngokuya ngokubukeka, ibhungane leHercules lithathwa njengelesabekayo impela. Unesisindo esihehayo, ubukhulu obukhulu, izimpondo ezimnyama. Uphondo olukhulu lukhulu, lunezinqe, olungaphansi luncane. Uphondo olukhulu luzungezwe kancane, luqondiswe phambili.
Ubukhulu bophondo olungaphezulu buzocacisa usayizi webhungane lobhejane. Ubukhulu bomuntu omdala buxhomeke ngqo kubungako kanye nekhwalithi yezithako ezisetshenzisiwe.
Ngasikhathi sinye, izakhamzimba ezingena esikhathini sezigaba zobungani nezibungu zidlala indima. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka, izibungu eyodwa ingafinyelela usayizi wamasentimitha alishumi nanye. Amandla weHercules abhekwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalandeli bokulwa kwezilwane. Abantu bavame ukuhlela umbukiso wokulwa phakathi kofezela, ama-lobster, amabhungane obhejane. Lezi zokugcina zivame ukunqoba.
Ngaphezu kwesisindo, ubukhulu, i-oatmeal inezinye izici zangaphandle:
- amabhungane ahlukaniswe abesilisa, abesifazane. Abesifazane bahlala beincane kakhulu ngosayizi kunabesilisa,
- Ukwahluka kocansi kulula ukunquma hhayi ngobukhulu besinambuzane. Ziyakhishwa futhi zifakwe imibala. Iziduna zinekhanda elimnyama, izimpondo, nesethi lamaphiko angaphambili lingakha nsundu, izithunzi ezahlukahlukene eziluhlaza. Izinsikazi zihlala zinsundu
- Ngokusho kokutholwe muva nje, lo mabhungane weHercules angawushintsha umbala wawo ngokuya ngendawo yawo. Ngombala wegobolondo, ungalinganisa izinga lomswakama endaweni.
Ihlala kuphi iHercules Beetle?
Photo: Hercules Beetle
Izindawo ezithandwa kakhulu amabhungane ama-Hercules angamahlathi ashisayo, anamahlathi asezindaweni eziphansi. Namuhla, inani elikhulu lalesi sinambuzane litholakala eSouth America, eVenezuela, eBrazil, eBolivia, ePanama, eMexico. Futhi, abantu abaningi bahlala eziqhingini eziseCaribbean. Izimbungulu ezingaphansi zitholakala eColombia, e-Ecuador, ePeru. Futhi, izindawo ezincane zabonakala kwamanye amazwe anesimo sezulu esishisayo esishisayo, inqwaba yamahlathi anomswakama omningi.
Naphezu kokudalwa kwebhungane ezindaweni ezishisayo, abantu ngabanye bahlala emazweni amaningi omhlaba ekhaya. Namuhla, ukuthola isilwane esinjalo akuyona inkinga. Kukhona amapulatifomu amaningi akhethekile ezitolo eziku-inthanethi nezitolo ezikwi-Intanethi ezihlinzeka zombili nezibungu zabantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, ukudala izimo ezidingekayo zokuphila kweHercules kunzima impela.
Kubalulekile ukukhetha isitsha esilingana nosayizi ofanele, ukuqinisekisa izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kanye nenqanaba lomswakama ofanele kulo. Umbuso wokushisa ofanele ubhekwe njengamazinga okushisa angama-20 kuye kwangama-25 degrees. Umswakama kufanele ube okungenani ngamaphesenti angamashumi ayisikhombisa. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi unakekele ukutholwa kokudla okufika ngesikhathi yi-bug, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona isikhala esanele sokukhuphuka.
Ngabe udlani ubhungane weHercules?
Photo: Big Hercules Beetle
Ukudla kwebhungane lobhejane kuqukethe kuphela izinto ezi-organic esigabeni sokubola. Imvamisa, izinambuzane zithanda ukudla izithelo ezivuthiwe. Omunye wezithelo ezinjalo ungahlala umuntu omdala izinsuku eziningana. Ubhungane luzoncela izakhamzimba ekugcineni. Kwesinye isikhathi amabhungane obhejane adla ngamaqabunga awileyo, amagxolo athambile ezihlahla.
Izinyosi zithola inqwaba yokudla ngqo emhlabathini. Kodwa-ke, uma kunesidingo, angakhuphuka izihlahla, andize asuke endaweni ethile aye kwenye. Izimpiko zingafinyelela amasentimitha angamashumi amabili, kanti imilenze yesinambuzane yinde futhi inezinqe eziyishumi. Konke lokhu kwenza i-Hercules ibe yindle enhle.
Ukucinga ukudla kungahle kuhambisane nokulwa okuqinile phakathi kwabantu abadala. Ukuxabana okunamandla kuvame ukuphela ekufeni. Izimpondo ezinamandla zidlula kalula kumagobolondo.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Photo: Red Book Hercules Beetle
Indlela yokuphila, yokuziphatha kwamabhungane kunezimpawu zayo. Izinyosi ikakhulu ebusuku. Ntambama, zivame ukucasha ngaphansi kwamaqabunga awile. Iningi losuku, lezi zinambuzane zichitha zifuna ukudla. Ahamba kancane emhlabeni, azikhethele izithelo namajikijolo afanele. Kwesinye isikhathi ibhungane leHercules likhwela isihlahla ukuze lijabulele ubisi lwesihlahla. Uyikhipha kusuka kumifantu eyakhiwe emagxolweni ezinhlobo zezihlahla ezithambile.
Uhlobo lwe-Hercules lungabizwa ngokuthi yi-belligerent. Ama-Rhinoceros mabhungane avame ukubekela inselelo kulokhu okuthiwa yi-dueling. Ngesikhathi sokushaya, izinambuzane zisebenzisa izixhobo zokushefa. Lapho ama-duelists ethola omunye nomunye, ashesha agijimele.
Ngokuqondene nabantu, ibhungane leHercules lingabizwa ngokuthi linokuthula. Akasoze ahlasele, angalimazi. Akunangozi futhi ezingadini zemifino, amasimu anezivuno zezolimo. Ngenxa yalezi zimfanelo, lo mabhungane we-Hercules athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezithandwa zangaphandle. Abaningi baqala izimbungulu ezinjalo ekhaya, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuzicosha.
Izindlela zokuphila, izici zokudla ezondla ubhungane lobhejane zilusizo olukhulu emhlabeni. Zi-processor ezinhle kakhulu ze-organic. Izinambuzane zokugaya izinambuzane, ziyidlulise emathunjini abo.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Bhungane le-Hercules ngokwemvelo
Esakhiweni sezenhlalo samabhungane, izinga eliphakeme ngaso sonke isikhathi lihlala linamandla. Abesilisa kuphela abaqinile abanelungelo lokuqhubeka nezinhlobo zabo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, lapho sebeganana, izinambuzane ezazinokuthula zaphenduka zaba izimpi ezingavunyelwe. Ngenkathi ziqomisana izintokazi, ziyalwa impela, zizama ukugoqa igobolondo lesitha.
Ukulimala kwesembozo somphikisi kucishe kube yingxenye yempumelelo yokulwela lowesifazane. Impi yabancintisana imvamisa iqhubeka iye kowokugcina. Enye yezinambuzane kufanele ibuye futhi noma ife. Amabhungane eRhinoceros akavamile ukubuyela emuva, ngakho-ke izimpi eziningi ziyafa ekufeni komunye wabesilisa. Isikhathi sokuzala ngaso sonke isikhathi siwela ngesikhathi semvula ezindaweni ezishisayo.
Owesilisa, ophumelela empini, uqala inqubo yokuganisana nowesifazane. Izinsikazi zivame ukubeka amaqanda azo ekhonkolweni lezinkuni elibolile kancane. Empilweni yabo emifushane, izinsikazi zalesi sinambuzane ziyakwazi ukubekela amaqanda angaphezu kwekhulu. Isikhathi ngasinye, insikazi izama ukuhlehlisa inzalo ephezulu, ngoba isikhathi sokuphila kwaleli bhungane eliqine kakhulu lifushane kakhulu - kungabi ngaphezu konyaka. Amaqanda aphenduka izibungu ezinyangeni ezimbili. Ngaphezu kwalokho zikhula ngezigaba ezintathu.
Ngayinye yazo inesikhathi sayo:
- eyokuqala ithatha izinsuku ezingamashumi amahlanu,
- okwesibili kuyizinsuku ezingamashumi amahlanu nanhlanu,
- okwesithathu yinde kakhulu futhi kuthatha okungenani izinsuku ezingamakhulu amane.
Izitha zemvelo zeHercules Beetle
Photo: Big Hercules Beetle
Njenganoma yisiphi esinye isinambuzane, ibhungane leHercules linezitha. IBhungane zingazithatha njengesitha esiyisisekelo kunazo zonke. Inani elikhulu labesilisa abadala lifa ngesikhathi sokuzala, lilwe nomunye. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi usule uhlobo oluzayo, ngoba abamele kuphela abanamandla bezilwane abazalisayo.
Izilwane eziningi ezidla izinyamazane zidla izinyamazane ku-Hercules beetle: izilwane ezincelisayo, izinduku, izirhubuluzi, amalulwane. Abesabi usayizi omkhulu wesinambuzane. Kodwa-ke, ibhungane lobhejane alilokothi liba isisulu lula. Usebenzisa wonke amathuba ukuze azivikele. Isikhali esikhulu uphondo olukhulu, olunamandla, amandla, imilenze eyishumi, amaphiko amakhulu.
Izinyoni ezindiza kahle kakhulu, ezizisiza zisheshe zifihle ezitheni zomhlaba. Ama-parasites ahlukahlukene, afana nemikhaza, angabizwa nangokuthi izitha zeHercules. Kodwa-ke, azidli izinambuzane. Zilimaza ngendlela ehlukile. Imikhaza ingalimaza umzimba webhungane, ilimaze kakhulu impilo yayo. Lokhu kunciphisa ubude besikhathi sokuphila kwesilwane.
Abantu abadala abavame ukuba sengozini njengezibungu ezingavikeleki. Kukulesi sigaba sokuthuthuka lapho uHercule efa kakhulu. Izibungu ziba yisisulu sezintuthwane esisheshayo nesilula. Futhi, izibungu ziyafa ngokuchithwa kwesilo. Lo mhlanga ubhoboza nokugwaza kwalo isibungu, ubekele amaqanda kuso.
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Photo: Hercules Beetle
Cishe akunakwenzeka ukulinganisa inani lalesi silwane ngokunemba okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, umuntu angasho ngokuqinisekile ngesimo sezinhlobo - izinhlobo zamabhungane amaHercule ancishiswe kakhulu. Isizathu salokhu kuncishiswa kukodwa - ukungenelela komuntu.
Ikakhulu, izici ezilandelayo zithonya ukwehla kwenani labantu:
- Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okukhulu. Le yinkinga ebaluleke kakhulu yesikhathi sethu. Ukugawula amahlathi, umuntu uphuca ama-Hercule into esemqoka - ikhaya nokudla.
- Ukungcoliswa komoya, amanzi. Lokhu kuthinta ukwehliswa kwenombolo yazo zonke izilwane.
- AmaHercule aqothulwa ngabantu. Isibonelo, lesi silwane esimangalisayo kwesinye isikhathi sibanjwa futhi sithengiswe ngemali enkulu kubaqoqi. Futhi nakwamanye amazwe, lesi sinambuzane sisetshenziswa lapho kwenziwa umuthi.
Ososayensi, belinganisa inani lamabhungane obhejane, baqala ukuthola impilo yehlathi. Uma kunezinambuzane eziningi, lokhu kuyinkomba enhle kakhulu ekhombisa isimo esihle sesimo semvelo ehlathini.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-Hercules Beetle
Photo: Hercules Beetle Red Book
I-Hercules mabhungane yisinambuzane esiqinile, esihle, esingavamile. Eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu edlule, bekungekho ukusongela ukwehla kwesibalo sabantu bakhona. Kodwa-ke, namuhla ukubukeka kwamabhungane anjalo kuncipha kancane kancane ngenani. Kukhona usongo lwangempela ekuqothulweni kwezinhlobo, ngakho-ke ibhungane leHercules lalibhalwe eNcwadini ebomvu.
Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukunyamalala kwa bhungane obhejane emazweni amaningi, kuthathwa izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokubuyisa inani elijwayelekile lalezi zilwane. Kwezinye izinhlwathi zaseYurophu zoo, ukutadisha okujulile kwezinhlobo, ukuzalaniswa kwazo kuyenziwa.
I-Hercules bhungane ingenye yamabhungane aqine kakhulu emhlabeni wethu, inani labo lisemaphethelweni wokuqothulwa ngenxa yesimo sengqondo sokungacabangeli komuntu endalweni. Lesi sinambuzane sisekela impilo yamahlathi, imvelo iyonke. Akusona inkathazo, umthwali wezifo eziyingozi. I-Beetle Hercules - ummeleli obaluleke kakhulu womndeni wakhe.
I-Hercules mabhungane: incazelo
AmaHercule angokulandelana kwamabhungane nomndeni obanzi we-lamellae. Ngokubambisana nebhungane lendlovu kanye nobhejane, kungokwangaphansi kwamagobongo, umehluko omkhulu okuyiwona ukukhula kwesimo ekhanda kanye ne-expression. Ngenxa yalokhu kwakheka, ibhungane leHercules libhekwa njengenye yezinambuzane ezinkulu emhlabeni futhi lifinyelela amasentimitha ayi-12 kuya ku-12.
Umzimba waso ovundile oxutshwe nezinwele ezimfushane ezibomvu. I-Elytra, ikhanda ne-expressionotum bushelelezi ekuthinteni futhi kukhanye, njengokungathi kuvuniwe. I-antennae yebhungane iqukethe izingxenye eziyishumi bese iphetha ngommbila wepuleti. Ezindongeni zakhe eziyishumi kunamakhwapha amancane amvumela ukuba anamathele kumagatsha namagxolo ezihlahla.
IHercules Beetle inamaphiko akhule kahle. Zi-translucent futhi zimdaka onsundu. Imithambo yabo ingumbala ofanayo, kodwa ibonakala kahle ngokumelene nesizinda esijwayelekile. Ukusuka phezulu bukhulu futhi banamandla, futhi baba ngamagatsha kusuka phezulu kuya phansi, baba mncane futhi ungabonakali. Iphiko lifinyelela amasentimitha angama-22.
Umbala webhungane leHercules liyahlukahluka ngokuya ngomswakama wendawo yokuhlala. Izingxenye ezingaphambili zomzimba wakhe zihlala zipendwe ngombala omnyama ocwebezelayo, i-elytra ingaba nezithunzi eziphuzi, zomnqumo nezinsundu, ezihambisana nezindawo ezimnyama eziyindilinga. I-Elytra kwesinye isikhathi iba ne-grey-blue noma tint emnyama, kepha imibala enjalo ayivelakancane.
Amapharamitha wokhiye
Ama-Hercules angaba ngumpetha womhlaba wamabhungane - isibonelo sawo esikhulu kunazo zonke safinyelela kubude be-17.1 mm. Kuliqiniso, izimpondo bezihlanganiswa lapha. Uma ubheka kuphela usayizi womzimba, khona-ke okukhulu kunakho konke kuseyi-lwoodjack-titanium.
Isisindo bhungane leHercules lifinyelela ku-110 amagremu. Kepha into ephindwe izikhathi ezingama-850 kunaleli nani ingaphakamisa izinambuzane. Lapho elwa nesibungu noma ibhungane lobhejane, uwina kalula, aphakamise umphikisi bese emphonsa eceleni.
Ukwehluka kobulili
Ama-Hercule ngamabhungane ane-dimorphism ebaluliwe. Ukuvela kwabantu besifazane nabesilisa kuhluke kakhulu kangangokuba, ngokungazi, bangaphanjaniswa ngezinhlobo ezihlukile.
Ama-Hercules females mancane kakhulu futhi afinyelela ubude bamasentimitha amane kuya ku-7-8 kuphela. Zine-oval torso ecocekile nekhanda eliyindilinga elincane, elingenakho ukukhula. I-Elytra embozwe amashubhu amancane nezinwele ezinsundu ezi-sparse. Umbala uhambelana nombala wesilisa, kepha awuqhakaze kangako.
Phakathi kwabaqoqi nabathandi bama-exotic, abesilisa babaluleke kakhulu. Izimpondo ezimbili ezihlaba umxhwele, ezazisondele ngaphezu kwenye, zisuka emakhanda azo, zenze umfanekiso womhlathi. Uphondo olungaphezulu lukhonjwa ekugcineni futhi lunezinyo elilodwa phakathi. Ingaphakathi layo limbozwe ngamabhulashi wezinwele ezibomvu. Uphondo oluphansi lufushane futhi luhanjiswa lubhekiswe phezulu. Ifakwe ngamazinyo amabili negwebu elincane ekugcineni.
Izimpondo zeBhungane ziyingxenye ebalulekile yomzimba. Bayasiza ukuxosha nokusabisa izitha, kanye nokulwela intokazi phakathi nenkathi yokuzalela. Lowo izimpondo zakhe zikhulu futhi ziqinile zihlala ziwinile futhi zizokwazi ukudala inzalo.
Habitat
Izwe labhungane leHercules lingamazwe aseCentral naseNingizimu Melika, kanye nangama-Antilles amancane. Uthanda izindawo ezinomswakama, ngakho-ke uhlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni eziphansi zombili ezifundeni ezinezintaba nezisezansi.
Kunama-subspecies ayi-13 ebhungane, ahlukile emibonweni yombala nosayizi. Esikhulu kunazo zonke esihlala eGuadeloupe, eDominican Republic, eVenezuela, ePeru naseColombia. Abamele abancane be-Hercules mabhungane, afinyelela ku-110 mm ubude, batholakala endaweni yesiqhingi sase-Saint Lucia, Mexico kanye nesiqhingi sase-Antilles.
Ngabe sidlani i-Hercules Beetle?
Ibhungane lihamba kakhulu emhlabathini, kepha uma lifuna ukunambitha, lingakhuphuka nezitshalo ezinde. Ukudla okuyinhloko kuyizithelo ezivuthiwe namaqabunga awile, ngakho-ke abantu abadala baphila ngokushibilika kokungcola kwehlathi, hhayi kude nezihlahla nezihlahla. Ngesinye isikhathi, ukudla kwabo kusekelwa izinambuzane. Izibungu zamabhungane zidla ngokhuni olubolile, ngakho-ke, zihlala ezimpondweni ezindala nezihlahla eziwile.
Kuzo zonke izigaba zokuthuthuka, izitha ziyavela eHercules. Amaqanda abo aqothula izibungu nezinye izibungu zezinye izinambuzane; ezigabeni ezisele, baba inyamazane yama-raccoon, ama-skunks, izinyoka, izinyoni nezinduku.
Ukuzala kabusha nokujikeleza kwempilo
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kweBhungane leHercules siqala esikhathini semvula. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa baba nolaka futhi bakulungele ukulwa nabo bonke abantu abazofuna abakhethiwe. Ukulwa kuvame ukuphela ngokufa komunye wabahlaseli. Kepha ophumelele uthola ilungelo lokushada.
IHercule yabesifazane ikhiqiza amaqanda angaba yikhulu, ayibeka emgodini wokhuni obolile. Ngemuva kwenyanga nesigamu, kuvela izibungu ezincane. Ikhula iminyaka emibili, ikhula ibe ngosayizi omuhle. Izimbali zama-Hercules ezinemibala e-Cream zinamachashazi amancane ezinhlangothini nasemilenzeni ansundu. Esigabeni sokugcina, afinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha ayi-15-17.
I-larva ekhule ngokugcwele iphenduka i-chrysalis, lapho kuvela ibhungane labantu abadala ngemuva kwamasonto ayisithupha. Ekuqaleni, imbozwe ngesikhumba esinsundu futhi ayibukeki ikhange kakhulu. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, kwenzeka ukuthi umolting, futhi ibhungane liyavela kuyo yonke inkazimulo yalo. Umuntu omdala, isinambuzane esidala, uphila cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha.