I-Pearl gourami (lat. Trichopodus leerii, eyake yaziwa ngokuthi yiTrichogaster leerii) ingenye yezinhlanzi ezinhle kakhulu ze-aquarium. Abesilisa baba muhle ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, lapho imibala igcwala, nesisu esibomvu nomphimbo kukhanye emanzini njengembewu ye-poppy.

Le yinhlanzi enelebhu, yehlukile kwezinye izinhlanzi ngokuthi ingaphefumula umoya-mpilo womoya. Yize, njengazo zonke izinhlanzi, zimunca umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe emanzini, ngenxa yezimo ezinzima ezihlala kuzo amagugu, imvelo iwahlomise ngehabhuyri yeelebhu.

Ngayo, izinhlanzi zingaphefumlela umoya ebusweni futhi ziphile ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kakhulu. Okunye okuvezwa yilabhoretha ukuthi bakha isidleke sogwebu, lapho kukhula khona ukuthosa kwabo.

Futhi, izinhlanzi zingenza imisindo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqhuma. Kepha ukuthi ihlangene ngani akukacaci.

Ukuphila endalweni

Baqala wachazwa uBleeker ngonyaka ka-1852. Izinhlanzi zasekhaya e-Asia, Thailand, Malaysia naseziqhingini zaseSumatra naseBorneo. Kancane kancane isabalalela kwezinye izifunda, ngokwesibonelo? eSingapore naseColombia.

I-Pearl gourami ibhalwe njengoba isengozini eNcwadini ebomvu. Kwezinye izindawo, ikakhulukazi eThailand, inani labantu licishe lanyamalala.

Lokhu kungenxa yokungcoliswa kwendawo yemvelo nokwanda kwesilinganiso somsebenzi wabantu.

Ama-Institution abanjwe emvelweni awatholakali kakhulu ngokuthengiswa, kanti inqwaba idotshwa emapulazini.

Ngokwemvelo, ahlala ezindaweni eziphansi, ezixhaphozini nasemifuleni, enamanzi acwebile nezitshalo eziningi. Zidla izinambuzane nezibungu zazo.

Isici esithandekayo senhlanzi, njengezihlobo zazo - iminduze, ukuthi zingazingela izinambuzane ezindiza phezu kwamanzi.

Benza lokhu: izinhlanzi ziqandeka ngaphandle, zibheke inyamazane. Lapho nje isinambuzane sesingafinyeleleka, ithela umfula wamanzi kuwo, iwungqongqoze emanzini.

Incazelo

Umzimba ungumzimba ophakeme, obuye ucindezelwe kamuva. Amachaphaza amachashaza futhi achambile ayadlula, ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa.

Amaphiko we-ventral a-filitera futhi azwela kakhulu;

Umbala womzimba ubomvu onsundu noma onsundu, onamachashazi lapho inhlanzi igama lawo laqanjwa ngalo.

Zingakhula zize zibe ngu-12 cm, kepha zivame ukuba ngaphansi kakhulu ku-aquarium, cishe cm 8-10. Futhi isikhathi sokuphila seminyaka eyisithupha kuya kwezi-8 ngokunakekelwa okuhle.

Ubunzima kokuqukethwe

Inhlobo ayinciphisi, ivumelanisa kahle nezimo ezahlukahlukene, iphila isikhathi eside ngokwanele, cishe iminyaka eyi-8.

Idla noma yikuphi ukudla, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ingadla i-hydra, ewela emanzini kanye nokudla.

Le yinhlanzi enkulu engahlala emanzini avamile ezinhlobo eziningi. Lezi zinhlanzi zingakhula zize zifinyelele ku-12 cm, kepha ngokuvamile zincane - 8-10 cm.

Baphila isikhathi eside, futhi bakhombisa nezimpawu ezithile zengqondo, bebona umphathi wabo kanye nalowo obondlayo.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinhlanzi zepharele zikhulu ngokwanele, zinokuthula okukhulu nokuzola okukhulu. Iwalungele kahle ama-aquariums ajwayelekile, kepha angaba namahloni ngandlela thile.

Ukuze ulondolozwe udinga i-aquarium etshalwe phansi enezindawo ezivulekile zokubhukuda.

Ukondla

Ama-Omnivores, ngokwemvelo adla izinambuzane, izibungu kanye ne-zooplankton. E-aquarium, idla zonke izinhlobo zokuphakelwa - bukhoma, iqhwa, okufakelwa.

Isisekelo sokondleka singenziwa kokudla okufakwayo - ama-flakes, granules, njll. Futhi okunye ukudla kuzoba ukudla okukhona noma okubandayo - ama-bloodworms, i-coronetra, ishubhu, i-artemia.

Badla konke, okuwukuphela kwento ukuthi izinhlanzi zinomlomo omncane, futhi azikwazi ukugwinya ukudla okukhulu.

Isici esijabulisayo ukuthi bangadla i-hydra. IHydra isidalwa esincane samathumbu esihlala phansi esinamatshe anobuthi.

E-aquarium, angazingela uFry nezinhlanzi ezincane. Ngokwemvelo, izivakashi ezinjalo azifiseleki futhi i-gurus izosiza ukubhekana nazo.

Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-gourami, i-pearl iyimhlophe kunazo zonke. Noma kunjalo, kokuqukethwe akudingi lutho olukhethekile, izimo ezinhle nje.

Ama-aquarium acijile anokukhanya okunciphile okunqobekile kufanelekile. Izinhlanzi zithanda izingqimba zamanzi eziphakathi nendawo.

Izinhlanzi ezincane zingatshalwa ngamalitha angama-50, kepha abantu abadala sebedinga i-aquarium ebanzi kakhudlwana, mhlawumbe kusuka kumalitha ayi-100.

Kubalulekile ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomoya egumbini kanye namanzi asemanzini afane ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba amagubu aphefumula umoya-mpilo womoya, bese kuthi umahluko omkhulu angalimaza imishini yokufakelwa kwelebhu.

Ukushisa okuhlala njalo kubalulekile, izakhamizi zamazwe afudumele azibekezeleli amanzi abandayo.

Ukuhlunga kuyinto efiselekayo, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi akukho yamanje enamandla, inhlanzi enjengamanzi azolile. Uhlobo lomhlabathi alunandaba, kepha lubukeka lukhulu ngokumelene nesizinda senhlabathi emnyama.

E-aquarium, kungakuhle ukutshala izitshalo eziningi, bese uthela izitshalo phezulu. Abazithandi ukukhanya okukhanyayo futhi banamahloni ngokwabo.

Kubalulekile ukuthi izinga lokushisa lamanzi lisesifundeni sama-24- 28 ° C, bazivumelanise nalo lonke ukuphumula. Kepha kungcono ukuthi i-acidity isebangeni le-pH 6.5-8.5.

Ukuvumelana

Ukuthula kakhulu, noma ngesikhathi sokuhluma, okuqhathaniswa kahle nezihlobo zazo, isibonelo, i-marble gourami. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye banamahloni futhi bangacasha kuze kube yilapho sebezinzile.

Futhi, aziphili kakhulu ngesikhathi sokudla, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi zithola ukudla.

Hlala kangcono nezinye izinhlanzi ezinokuthula. Omakhelwane abahle kakhulu bayalingana ngosayizi nokuziphatha enhlanzini, kodwa khumbula ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo ze-gourami zingaba nolaka ezihlotsheni zabo.

I-Scalaria ingaba ngomakhelwane abahle, noma ngabe kuyi-intrapecific pugnacity.

Nabantu besilisa kungenzeka ukugcina, kepha lezo ezingalindeleki futhi ezinamandla, zingaphishekela iparele elinamahloni, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugwema indawo.

Hambisana kahle neon, parsing kanye nezinye izinhlanzi ezincane.

Kungenzeka uqukethe i-shrimp, kepha ngamakhulu amakhulu anele kuphela, ama-cherries ne-neocardines azobhekwa njengokudla.

Ngeke zidle ama-shrimp amaningi, kepha uma uwazisa, kungcono ukungazihlanganisi.

Ukuzala

Ukuzala kabusha kulula. Ngesikhathi sokuqhuma, abesilisa bazovela phambi kwakho besesimweni esihle kakhulu, onomphimbo obomvu okhanyayo nesisu.

Futhi ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, abesilisa bahlela ukulwa nabaphikisi babo.

Ngaphandle, kufana nokulwa ngokuqabula i-gourami, lapho izinhlanzi ezimbili zithandana isikhashana, bese ziphinda zibhukuda kancane phambi kobabili.

Ngaphambi kokusaphazeka, umbhangqwana uphekelwa kakhulu ngokudla okubukhoma, imvamisa, insikazi elungele ukuhlakazeka iyanda kakhulu. Izithandani zitshalwa endaweni ebanzi, eyotshalwe kahle, enesibuko samanzi esibanzi nokushisa okuphezulu.

Umthamo wokusika uqhamuka kumalitha angama-50, mhlawumbe ophindwe kabili, ngoba izinga lamanzi elikulo kufanele lincishiswe kakhulu, ukuze cishe libe ngu-10-13 cm. Amapharamitha wamanzi - pH cishe ngo-7 nokushisa okungu-28C.

Izitshalo ezintantayo, ngokwesibonelo, i-ricchia, zidinga ukubekwa phezu kwamanzi ukuze izinhlanzi zizisebenzise njengezinto zokwakha isidleke.

Owesilisa uqala ukwakha isidleke. Lapho nje isilungile, imidlalo yezithandani iyaqala. Kubaluleke kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi ukuthi ungabaphazamisi noma ubesabise, izinhlanzi ziziphatha lula kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo ze-gourami.

Owesilisa unakekela insikazi, immema esidlekeni. Ngokushesha nje lapho esebhukuda, owesilisa umbamba ngomzimba wakhe, ecindezela amaqanda amngene lapho. Umdlalo ulula kunamanzi futhi uyavela, kepha owesilisa uyawubamba awubeke esidlekeni.

Ngokuhlwaywa okukodwa, insikazi ingaginya amaqanda afinyelela ku-2000. Ngemuva kokusaphaza, insikazi ingashiywa, njengoba iduna lingayiphishekeli, kepha kungcono ukuyitshala, noma kunjalo yenze umsebenzi wayo.

Iduna lizoqapha bese lilungisa isidleke kuze kubhukude. Izibungu zizodonsa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili, kuthi ngemuva kwezintathu ezinye uFry uzobhukuda.

Kusukela kulo mzuzu, iduna lingasuswa, ngoba lingalimaza i-fry lizama ukubuyisela esidlekeni. Fry isuthiswa nge-infusoria kanye ne-microworm aze akwazi ukudla i-artemia nauplia.

Sonke lesi sikhathi, amanzi kufanele abe ngu-29C. E-aquarium ene-Fry, kuyadingeka ukuhlela umkhumbi wamanzi obuthakathaka, kuze kube isikhathi lapho ingekho i-labyrinth apparatus, futhi iqala ukukhuphuka ngemuva komoya iye phezulu.

Kusukela kulo mzuzu, izinga lamanzi e-aquarium lingandiswa, futhi i-aeration ingancishiswa noma ikhutshazwe. I-Malek ikhula ngokushesha, kepha ihlukile ngosayizi futhi ukuze igweme insangu kudinga ukuhlungwa.

Umbala

Ngokuphikisana nesizinda se-fish-violet ejwayelekile yomzimba wezinhlanzi, amabala abunjiwe ngoparele. Amaphiko amabili obrasha, i-dorsal ne-caudal, anika umbono wamaphini we-tulle futhi abe ne-pearl luster efanayo nomzimba. Ngesikhathi sokuqhuma, umbala we-violet uba mkhulu, amachashazi we-pearl athole ukukhanya okukhanyayo - "ukushisa".

Ama-gourami angamaduna abesilisa abe nomphimbo okhanyayo we-orange nesifuba sangaphambili ne-coffee brown emuva. Ngenkathi uqhuma, ingxenye engezansi ye-gill isimboza, lonke ibele ne-anal fa, ngaphambi kwenqwaba yomsila, thatha umbala obomvu okhanyayo.

Ukusuka ekhanda kuye kwisisekelo se-caudal fin gourami kugijimisa umucu omnyama. Abesifazane banemibala egqamile futhi hhayi ngokuzwakalayo, kepha izintokazi ziqhakazile kunowesilisa.

Umzimba

Ku-pearl gourami, izinhlangothi, amachaphaza amachashaza ne-anal zicindezelwa kakhulu kamuva, ngesimo se-oval elongated, futhi amaphiko makhulu. Ubude besilisa buba ngu-11 cm, insikazi yincane. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokulungiswa kwe-aquarium, ayidluli 8-10 cm ubude.

Izinhlamvu

I-dorsal Fin yabesilisa iyaphakeme, iphakeme kakhulu. Ithiphu iyakhonjwa. Kwabesifazane, kufushane futhi kuyindilinga. Amaphiko we-ventral mude, afana nentambo. Zenziwe ngemicu emincane futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa yizinhlanzi njengezintende zangokoqobo ezizizwa zinezinto phambi kwazo.

Izimo zokuboshwa: Izinhlobo ze-aquarium kusuka kumalitha angama-60 we-gourami engu-6-8 pearl. Amanzi: dH4-20, pH6-7.8; lokushisa 24-28 ° С. Ukudla: bukhoma (i-daphnia namanye ama-crustaceans, ama-bloodworms), okusanhlamvu, ukudla kwezitshalo.

Ama-Hybrids nezinhlobonhlobo

Izinhlobo zakha nzalo ezinama-gouras angamabala. Uhlobo lwe-albino lwe-pearl gourami nalo lwathuthukiswa.

Abathandi baseMoscow bakwazile ukuwela i-pearl gourami (owesilisa) nge-gourami eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (insikazi). Ama-hybrids anemuva lomzimba oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ambozwe ngamabala amhlophe ngaphandle kokukhanya kweparele. I-anal fin ihlanganiswa nemibala e-orange egqamile, umsila umhlophe. Le hybrid inenzalo yokuhlobisa.

Izakhi zofuzo

Izakhi zofuzo zamangqamuzana

• Ukulandelana kwe-nucleotide efakiwe kudathabhethiI-EntrezNucleotide, IGenBank, NCBI, USA: 7 (kusukela ngoFebhuwari 18, 2015).
• Ukulandelana kwamaprotheni afakiwe kwidathabhethi I-Entrezprotein, IGenBank, i-NCBI, e-USA: 3 (kusukela ngoFebhuwari 18, 2015).

Ezokuhamba

I-Pearl Gurami iyi-specusen ye-labyrinth, okungafanele ikhohlwe ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwayo. Ngamanye amagama, umoya-mpilo ubaluleke kakhulu kuye. Amanzi esethangi ngesikhathi sokuhamba akufanele wedlule isigamu. Uma lolu hambo luhlelelwe isikhathi eside, khona-ke kufaneleka ngezikhathi ezithile ukungena ngaphakathi kwesitsha nezinhlanzi. Isikhathi eside, ungavali isitsha!

Izinhlanzi ze-aquarium ze-Gurami Pearl ziyathambile kancane kokuqukethwe kwazo. Isibonelo, kungakuhle ukusetha umthamo we-aquarium kusuka kumalitha angama-60, uma sikhuluma ngempilo ethule yabameli abayisikhombisa balesi silwane phakathi kwabo. Okusemqoka kwabesifazane abathathu ukushiya owesilisa oyedwa. Isembozo se-aquarium akufanele sivale ngokuqinile, futhi isikhala ngaphansi kwaso kufanele singene umoya kahle. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi i-aquarium kumele ivalwe, ngaphandle kwalokho kukhona ithuba lokuthola umoya obandayo, kanti nenhlanzi ingabamba umkhuhlane. Ukukhanya okuzungeze izinhlanzi kufanele kube kukhanya kakhulu,

Ngomhlabathi ose-aquarium, isihlabathi somfula ophelele sihle. Thela okungcono kwezendlalelo. Ukusilinda akufanele kudlule izinga eliphakathi.

Aminyene kanye ne-voluminous afanelekile njengezitshalo, acashe lapho iPearl of Gurami izizwa iphephile. Kepha isikhala sokubhukuda kumele sibe khona. Izitshalo ezinjalo zingaba yi-elodea noma i-pinnate. Uma ufuna ukubeka izitshalo ngaphezulu, kungcono ukuziqinisa eziqhingini ezincane.

Izici zokuqukethwe kokushisa ziyahlukahluka, kuye ngokushisa kwezinhlanzi zalolu hlobo. Imvelo enhle kakhulu yokuba khona kwabo kuzoba amazinga okushisa amanzi okungenani angama-24. Ngaphandle kwalokho, inhlanzi ingagula. Ukusuka kulokhu kufanele kuphethwe ngokuthi ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa kudinga ukutholakala kwehektha lamanzi lesitsha kanye noPearl Gourami.

Ekhuluma ngokuhambisana nezinye izinhlanzi, ezinye izinkinga zingqubuka lapha. Ama-Gurami Pearls ngokwawo asekela kakhulu ukwazana okusha nabantu abamele ezinye izinhlobo. Kepha izimpondo zabo, ezikhumbuza kakhulu isibungu esimnandi nesinambitha, zingadlala ihlaya elinonya. Yingakho kufanelekile ukunikela ukukhetha kuma-aquariums ezinhlobo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izinhlanzi kuphela eziphindwe izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ezingaba omakhelwane endaweni yokuphila.

Okuphakelayo kufanele kube yincane. Lo mthetho awunakwa uma ugcina i-pelescent Gourami.

Ukuzala

Lesi sihloko sicaciswe ngokweqile, ngakho-ke kufanele sinikezwe ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ngokubanzi, ukuzalaniswa kwasekhaya kwalolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi akuhlukile kakhulu kwezinye, kepha kunezici ezithile ezenzekayo. Uma izinga lokushisa le-aquarium liphakeme, kepha ukuqhekeka kungenzeka ngqo lapho. Lokhu kugcwala ukudla inzalo njengezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, futhi empeleni nePearl Gourami uqobo.

Ukuhlelwa kokuzalela lezi zinhlanzi kufanele kuhlehliswe kuze kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nokuqala kwenkathi yehlobo, ngoba kungalesi sikhathi lapho kungazukuba khona zinkinga ezithile ngokudla okuhambisana nakho. Leli phuzu lithathwa phakathi nesonto lapho abesilisa kudingeka ukuba bahlukaniswe nabesifazane. Isikhathi sangaphambi kokusatshalaliswa kubandakanya ukondla ukudla okubukhoma kuphela. Indawo enamanzi ngokwayo kufanele yenzeke ngamathangi anenani elingafika kumalitha angama-40, ibe naphansi kwesihlabathi, lapho kuzobekwa khona “izindawo zokukhosela” ezimbalwa ezivikelwe ngendlela yamatshe noma izinto ezifanayo. Ukuba khona kwezitshalo eziminyene nakho kuyadingeka. Ukuze owesilisa akwazi ukwakha isidleke, kubalulekile ukubeka isixha se-riccia ebusweni. Ingilazi ye-aquarium kumele imbozwe ngephepha, okuzovikela ukwesaba kwenhlanzi, engabhubhisa inzalo yonke ngemuva kwalokho. Ikhwalithi yamanzi ngokwayo kufanele ibe phezulu ngangokunokwenzeka.

I-Spawning ngokwayo iyavuseleleka lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi likhuphuka lifika kuma-28 degrees. Kusesitsheni esinjalo lapho owesilisa ebekwa kuqala, bese kuthi emva kwesikhashana (amahora ama-4-6) kumenyelwe owesimame. Ngemuva kwalokho owesilisa uthola umbala ogqamile, emva kwalokho uyothathwa ukwakhiwa kwesidleke usebenzisa amabhamuza omoya namapuleti e-riccia. Le nqubo ithatha cishe usuku. Owesifazane ngalesi sikhathi ubukele ekude, engabambi iqhaza ekwakheni.

Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwesidleke, indoda ebabayo imema intokazi ukuthi ihlume. Yena, njengenenekazi leqiniso, akavumi masinyane ukuhlangana nalo mdlalo. Ngemuva kwalokho umgibeli wamakhosi uthatha ukuqomisana okusebenzayo ngokubonisa umbala wakhe omuhle. Ekugcineni, insikazi iyasamukela isicelo. Le nqubo ithatha amahora amabili, kuthi lapho owesimame eqhashe amaqanda angaphezu kwamakhulu amabili, lapho ubaba wesikhathi esizayo evundisa. Kamuva, ubeka ngokucophelela amaqanda kwizimbobo phakathi kwama-bubble esidlekeni. Inqubo isiqediwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungena kowesilisa esikhundleni sobaba kuyaqhubeka. Nalokhu, intokazi akuvunyelwe ukuthi ibambe iqhaza kuyo. Kungakho insikazi kufanele ibanjwe futhi ihlukaniswe nobumnene nenzalo yabo yesikhathi esizayo.

Isikhathi sokufakelwa sithatha izinsuku ezimbili. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa kufanele afe yindlala, ngakho-ke lapho kuvela uFry, angacasulwa. Kulokhu, kufanele isuswe enzalweni ngokushesha okukhulu.

Lapho izingane zishiywa zodwa, izinga lamanzi kufanele lehliselwe kumasentimitha ayi-10 futhi aqiniseke ukuthi lihlala kule ndawo izinsuku ezingama-21. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-maze iqala ukwakheka ku-gry.Ezinsukwini zokuqala ezinhlanu, gazinga lidinga uthuli oluphilayo noma amakhilili.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa kungenzeka kuphela emva kwenyanga nesigamu!

Ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokubheka njalo, i-fry izokhula ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kwemithwalo.

Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi

• Umama-ka-Pearl Gurami bayakwazi ukuzingela izinambuzane zizulazula ngaphezu kwamanzi. Lokhu, inhlanzi, ibona inyamazane yayo, iqhwa isikhashana. Lapho lesi sinambuzane sesingafinyeleleka ngokuphelele, kuthatha iqatha lamanzi kulo, lelo Pearl laseGurami liyikhafule, ngaleyo ndlela lishaye emanzini.
• IGourami enesifiso esihle sokudla i-hydra. Izidalwa ezincane ezinama-tentacle nobuthi zingadla izinhlanzi ezincane kanye nefry. I-Pearly Gurami izoba ngumvikeli omuhle kakhulu ezimeni ezinjalo.
• Iqiniso lokuzijabulisa: Ama-Gourami interspecific mancane amathuba okuthola ulimi olujwayelekile phakathi kwabo kunezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi. Kodwa-ke, kunombono wokuthi badinga isikhathi esithe xaxa sokuzivumelanisa nomakhelwane abasha, ngoba ngokwemvelo bayizidalwa ezinamahloni kakhulu.
• Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kukaFry, kubalulekile ukubhekisisa ubukhulu bawo. Akhula ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, okusho ukuthi kubantu abathile obukhulu be-cannibalism bangafaneleka.
• Ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela kanye nokuqapha kubalulekile ngamaParele Wama-Gurams. Uma uthola inhlanzi ebukeka ngenxa yanoma yisiphi isizathu ikwenza ungabaze, kufanele ikubeke ngokushesha esitsheni esihlukile. Ngeshwa, amaparele athambekele ezifweni kunabanye, kepha asikho isidingo sokukhuluma ngokusabalala kwegciwane eqenjini.
• Ekhuluma ngokungazethembi kwalezi zinhlanzi, umuntu usengahlukanisa isizungu sabo esiyingqayizivele kanye nokuntuleka ngokuphelele kokumelana kwengcindezi. Kungakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcwalisa ama-aquarium ngezitshalo eziminyene neziningi. Kubalulekile ukuthi inhlanzi izizwe iphephile, ngoba ngokuphelele konke kungayesabisa inhlanzi: ukunyakaza okungazelelwe ngaphandle kwasemanzini, izinguquko ezivame kakhulu ekukhanyiseni, ukubukeka komakhelwane abangafuneki ngisho nenqubo yokudla!
• Izifo eziningana lapho i-Pearly Guram ivezelwa khona: isikhunta, izibungu, izinduna, amagciwane. Ungakuthola kanjani: umzimba umbozwe ukuvuvukala okuncane, ngaphakathi lapho amanxeba, ukuba khona kwamabala amnyama emzimbeni, ukuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla, ukubonakalisa ukunganaki nokungathandi ukunyakaza, ukukhetha ukubhukuda kungaba phansi noma kuphela emhlabathini, isisu esishubile futhi kungenzeka. Ngeshwa, lapho umuntu esethola ukuthi inhlanzi yomile, angakhuluma ngokuzethemba ngobukhona besifo sofuba, kepha inhlanzi enjalo ayikwazi ukusindiswa.
• Ukudla kumele kufake phakathi ukudla okwomile nokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqoqwa okufanele kwamaprotheni nezithako zezitshalo kubalulekile.
• Ukwakheka kwe-pair yokuqhekeka kufanele kwenzeke ngokwemvelo. Indoda emnene uqobo kufanele ikhethe intombi, uma kungenjalo bayoba nezinkinga zokuthola eyodwa.
• Izazi zasemanzini ezinokuhlangenwe nakho zeluleka ngokuzalanisa izinhlanzi kusuka eminyakeni engu-8 kuye onyakeni, futhi lesi isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokusakazeka. Uma uyikhumbula, kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke kube khona nzalo esikhathini esizayo.

Ekuphetheni

I-Pearl Gurams iyizidalwa ezinhle kakhulu ezingatholakala cishe kunoma yisiphi isemanzini. Ungathenga nenhlanzi efanayo ezitolo eziningi zezilwane. Intengo isuka kuma-ruble angama-50. Ungathutha uye endaweni yokufakelwa noma esikhwameni se-sandwich, kuphela uma kuyisizini efudumele. Emazingeni okushisa komoya ophansi, beka iPearl of Gurami ku-thermos bese uyisonga ngethawula elifudumele. Lapho sifika ekhaya, kuphoqelekile ukubeka izinhlanzi endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi yodwa. Lesi simo kufanele sibhekwe kuphela uma kukhona ezinye izinhlanzi emanzini. Mhlawumbe umakhelwane wabo omusha akaneme. Ngakho-ke, ukumbeka "yedwa", umuntu angabona umbala wakhe, ukuziphatha kwakhe kanye nesifiso sokudla. Uma zonke izimo zempilo yakhe ezinempilo zigcinwa, ungamazisa ngokuphepha kubangani abasha.

Iningi lama-aquarists linolwazi lokuthi iPearl of Gurami ayihambelani nezinhlobo ezifanayo, isibonelo, neGurami Marble. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yohlobo oluthile lwezimbangi. Okuhle kunakho konke ukuthi uGurami Pearlescent uhlangana nabantu abancane kakhulu kunosayizi wabo. Kodwa ngisho zingadala ukulimala okuncane kumadevu wePearl of the Gurams noma okwesabise inhlanzi, futhi ukwesaba nengcindezi kuyakulimaza.

Ngokuvamile, ukugcinwa kwamaParele nguGurami akunzima ikakhulukazi. Into esemqoka okufanele uyiqonde lapha ukuthi iyisidalwa esiphilayo, okuthi, njengekati nenja, sidinga umsoco omuhle, indawo enhle ezungezile nangesikhathi sokunakekelwa. Ngokugcina kahle nangokuzibophezela, lezi zinhlanzi zingaphila iminyaka eyi-8, zilethe inzalo ngokuqinile. Into esemqoka ukubaphatha ngokunakekela, ngoba bambalwa kakhulu abasele!

Izici zohlelo lokuphefumula

Lezi zinhlanzi zinesici esibonakalayo ekwakhekeni kohlelo lokuphefumula. Badinga umoya wasemkhathini. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula lesi sici senhlaka yezinhlanzi ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwayo - kusuka esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo ukuya e-aquarium yasekhaya. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uma ushiya isilwane isikhathi eside ngaphandle komoya, khona-ke singafa. Ngakho-ke, kunconyelwa ukuthi uma uthutha, gcwalisa ingxenye yesitsha kuphela ngamanzi bese uyivula ngezikhathi ezithile, uqinisekise ukuhamba kwe-oxygen.

Amapharamitha wamanzi

Amapharamitha aphezulu amanzi ahlala enqunywa ngokusekelwe kwimvelaphi yezinhlanzi, imikhuba yazo kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo nemvelo. I-Pearl gourami kufanele igcinwe emanzini enamapharamitha alandelayo:

• I-Acidity - 6.3 - 7.2 pH,
• Ubulukhuni - 12-15
• Ukushisa - 25 - 28 ° С.

I-Aquarium

Imvamisa, lezi zinhlanzi zitshalwa ngenani lezicucu ezi-6 - 8. Isilinganiso esifanelekile singaba abesifazane abathathu. Ngakho-ke, i-aquarium kufanele ibe ntofontofo ngokuphila nenani elikhulu lezinhlanzi - okungenani amalitha angama-50.

Udinga ukumboza i-aquarium ngesivalo sengilazi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinhlanzi zithanda ukuphuma emanzini. Futhi, isembozo sisebenza njengesithiyo phakathi kwamanzi nomoya wefulethi. Njengoba umoya osefulethini ungama-degree ambalwa ephansi kunamanzi ase-aquarium, ngaphandle kwesembozo ungashesha uphole futhi ungakufanele ukuhlala. Kepha awukwazi ukuvala isivalo ngokuphelele - kumele kube negebe elingaba amasentimitha angama-5-7.

Ukwehluka kobulili

Ukubonakala kwezinhlanzi kulula kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi ubulili bukabani.

Abesilisa bakhulu kakhulu kunabesifazane, banombala ogqamile kanye namaphini akhomba.

Kunesinye futhi isici esibonisa kuphela lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi: intamo yowesilisa ibomvu, intamo yowesifazane iluwolintshi. Lo mehluko ungabonakala ngisho nasebusheni, kodwa ngokukhula kwezinhlanzi, uya ngokuya uhluka kakhulu unyaka nonyaka.

Izifo

I-Pearl gourami inezifo ezinhle zokugomela futhi azinaso isisusa sokubeletha sanoma yisiphi isifo. Kodwa-ke, zizwela kakhulu ekushiseni kwamanzi, ngakho-ke, lapho incipha, ukungatheleleki komzimba kuthambile, futhi nengozi yokugula inyuka.

Zonke izifo zalezi zinhlanzi zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili: ezithathelwanayo nezingatheleleki. Kunakwa kakhulu izinhlanzi ezisanda kuthengwa. Kunconywa ukuthi zigcinwe e-aquarium ehlukile emavikini ama-2-3 ngemuva kokutholwa, ukuze kubhekwe indlela yokuziphatha kanye nesimo sempilo, futhi ungalethi ngengozi ukutheleleka emzimbeni ojwayelekile wamanzi.

I-pearl gourami ayivikelekile ezifweni ezivamile ezinjenge-ichthyophthyroidism, lymphocystosis, pseudomonosis, aeromonosis. Zonke lezi zifo zingabonakala ngezimpawu ezijwayelekile:

• Ukuziphatha kwenhlanzi kuba okubabayo
• Ukudla kuyancishiswa noma kulahlekile,
• Kuvela izigaxa emzimbeni (isimilo se-ichthyophthyroidism) noma amathumba,
• Isisu singavuvukala.

Ukuvikelwa kwezifo

Njengezifo eziningi zezinhlanzi, lezi zifo zingavinjelwa kuphela ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokunaka isimo sesifuyo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga:

• Ngena ngenhlonipho inqubo yokuphakelwa futhi ungondli izinhlanzi ngokweqile,
• Gcina izinga lokushisa lamanzi njalo e-aquarium lingaphansi kuka-26 ° С,
• Musa ukwehlisa noma ukwandisa ubulukhuni ne-acidity yaphakathi,
• Khanyisa ngokuphelele indawo nenhlabathi,
• Ungasebenzisi okuphakelayo okuqoqiwe ngokwemvelo - ukutheleleka kungaqhamuka kukho.

I-Pearl gourami yinhlanzi ezolile ezohlobisa noma iyiphi i-aquarium ngokuba khona kwayo. Into esemqoka ukuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho yokumnakekela futhi unake lo ohlala kule ndawo yokugcina izinto zokwenziwa. Ngemuva kwalokho uzobonga inkosi yakhe ngempilo nokuphila isikhathi eside!

Ezweni

Ngokuvamile kutholakala eNdiya, Thailand. Ihlala eziqhingini zaseSumatra, Borneo, Java kanye nasezinhlonhlo ezimbili ze-Indochina naseMalay. Emvelweni, ipharele, ukuqabula kanye ne-gourami yenyanga kuvamile.

I-Fishing gur ingummeleli omkhulu wezinhlobo zayo futhi ijwayelekile eGreat Sunda Islands. Akuhloselwe ukuzalanisa e-aquarium ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu, njengoba ubude bawo bufika ku-60 cm.

Namuhla, inani lalezi zinhlobo lifinyelela iphuzu elibucayi, ngakho-ke, ekhaya, livikelwe futhi libhalwe ku-Red Book.

IGourami ihlala emanzini agelezayo futhi aqinile. Ngenxa yekhono lokuphefumula umoya-mpilo, kulula ukubekezelela ukuthi usemanzini angcolile, amile, amachibi nasemachibini.

Indawo yokuhlala yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene

Phakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi, ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Ukuqabulana. Izwe lakubo yiThailand. Izinhlanzi zathola leli gama ngenxa yesakhiwo sezinto zomlomo. Lapho eshayisana nezindebe zakhe, wenza umsindo okhethekile njengokuqabula.
• I-Gourami pearl umbono omuhle kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa nokuphumula. Umbala wenhlanzi ufana nothuli lweparele.
• I-Spotot, itholakala kakhulu eVietnam naseThailand. Kungaba ngemibala ehlukene, inomlingiswa ozolile.
• Isithandwa. Izwe lakubo yiNdiya. Umbala wenhlanzi uphuzi-golide.
• UBlue uhlala esiqhingini saseSumatra. Igama laso laqhamuka kumbala oluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuthi lapho kuqala ukunwebeka kukhanye kakhulu.
• Izinhlobo ezibomvu negolide zazalwa abafuyi. Bafunwa kakhulu, babekezelele izimo ezingezinhle zokuboshwa futhi babe nesikhathi esifushane sokuphila.

Indaba yokutholwa

Ngekhulu le-XIX, kwatholakala uhlobo lwaparele ngusosayensi waseFrance, uPierre Carbonier, owafundisisa izindaba eziphathelene nokwenyusa izilwane zasendaweni eshisayo futhi wabandakanyeka ekusakazweni kwe-gourami njengohlobo lwe-aquarium. Kepha lapha wayelindele ubunzima. Ekhaya, inhlanzi zazihlala emigodini, emasimini elayisi. Amanzi akulo ayengcolile, emile futhi enodaka. Kulokhu, umbono wasakazeka ngokukhuthazela okukhulu nobungqabavu bezinhlanzi. Kodwa akwenzekanga ukuletha okungenani isibonelo esisodwa ku-Old World, izinhlanzi zashona endleleni. Ngemuva kokunye ukwehluleka, ukucwaninga kanye nemizamo yokuhambisa imile, imbangela yokushona okukhulu yatholakala kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka engama-20.

Isici esikhulu se-pearl gourami yisidingo sokuphefumula umoya wasemkhathini. Ingxenye kuphela yamanzi eyaqala ukuthelwa esitsheni ngonyaka we-1896, kwabe sekuvela ukuthi ukuthutha inhlanzi yokuqala iya eYurophu. Kamuva, ngenxa ka-A. S. Meshchersky, le nhlobo yavela eRussia. Wayengumuntu wasemanzini owaziwayo ngaleso sikhathi, owayezithengele uGurre Carbonier uqobo.

Umsoco nokuziphatha

Futhi yize lolu hlobo luhlukaniswa ngemvelo yalo ezolile, lusenamahloni impela. Uma kwenzeka ubhekene nengozi, funa indawo yokuhlala ku-algae, amatshe kanye nasemigodini emincane. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, isikhathi sokuphila kwabesifazane siyiminyaka eyi-12, abesilisa iminyaka eyi-14. Ukuthomba kuqala ezinyangeni eziyi-8. Ngesikhathi sokuqhekeka, kwenza imisindo yokuchofoza kwezinhlamvu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pearl gourami iyayibona inkosi yayo noma labo bantu abamondlayo.

Njengoba umlomo wenhlanzi umncane impela, udinga ukuthenga ukudla okuncane. Ukudla kufanele kunikezwe kabili ngosuku.

• Okuphakelayo okubukhoma. Ama-bloodworms amancane, i-coronet, ishubhu, i-daphnia athengwa kahle, noma ama-woodworms, ama-rainworms, ufulawa nama-microworms afanelekile kubo. Kwabasha, i-brine shrimp ilungile.
• Ukudla okubandayo. IGourami izodla noma yiliphi iqhwa ngosayizi omncane. I-Tubule, i-bloodworm, ama-raspberries, ama-cyclops, i-microplankton, izicubu zomsipha noma i-shrimp.
• Okuphakelayo okwomile. Kunconywa ukuthi ungeze ukudla okukhethekile okuqukethe i-carotenoids okunomthelela ekwenzeni ngcono umbala wezinhlanzi.
• Imikhiqizo etafuleni lomuntu. UGourami uzokujabulela ukudla ama-shrimp nama-mussel oqoshiwe. Akufanele zinikezwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwezi-2 ngesonto. Izibiliboco zale nhlobo zingushizi we-cottage shizi, owake wadliswa, ama-chips enyama noshizi wekhilimu. Ukondla izinhlanzi ngemikhiqizo enjalo akubalulekile ngaphezu kwesikhathi esingu-1 kumaviki ama-2.
• Okuphakelayo okwenziwe ekhaya. Ukudla kungenziwa wedwa. Manje kunezindlela eziningi zokupheka, kufaka nezinhlanzi ezi-labyrinth. Imvamisa lokhu okuphakelayo kususelwa emaprotheni, ngakho-ke ukulinganisa kuzoba nzima.

Akuwona wonke ama-gourami azokwazi ukudla lokhu kudla okungenhla. Izinhlobo ezincane ngeke zibhekane nokudla kosayizi abakhulu, kuyilapho izinhlanzi zizonke ngeke zidle ukudla okukhethiwe.

Ukubukeka

I-Pearl gourami izinhlanzi ezi-labyrinth ezinezici zazo zokuhleleka. Isidumbu se-oval, sithambile kancane ezinhlangothini. Kuya ngokuthi owesilisa ungowesilisa noma ngowesilisa, ubude bawo buhlukahluka kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-14 cm. Isici esiyingqayizivele sokuhlukaniswa kwamawele. Yilezi:

• Umbala we-Thoracic ocacile cishe ungabonakali. Baqala phakathi komzimba bafinyelela ekugcineni.
• Amaphiko we-ventral ayimicu, lokhu kuyisitho sethayela.
• Ukuhlaziya Kusuka e-anus kuye kwisisekelo somsila.
• Ifomu layo lomsila lifana nemfoloko eneminwe ephindwe kabili.

Ukuqonda owesilisa noma owesilisa, ungabheka usayizi wamaphiko. Emadodeni, ahlala isikhathi eside. Bahlukaniswa ngemibala ekhanyayo, ekhuphuka ekuqhekekeni.

IGarlami pearl liqanjwe kanjalo ngenxa yezindawo ezincane ezimhlophe ezitholakala emzimbeni, ezinjengamaparele. Isifunda sesisu nesifuba kunombala wamakhorali ngombala, emuva kungeluhlaza. Kwezinye izindawo, izikali zingaba yisiliva emnyama, i-red-violet hue. Emzimbeni wezinhlanzi ungabona umucu omnyama oqala ekhanda bese uphela emsileni.

Lolu hlobo lunobuhlakani balo. Badinga umoya-mpilo. Lokhu kubalulekile ukucubungula lapho uhambisa i-gourami. Uma inhlanzi ishiyelwa ngaphandle isikhathi eside, izokufa. Ngakho-ke, isitsha sigcwaliswa ngamanzi ayisigamu futhi kuvulwa ngezikhathi ezithile, kunikeza ukufinyelela komoya omusha.

Ukuhambisana okungekuhle

• Ama-Barbs
• Cockerels
• Izinhlanzi zepharrot
• IGoldfish
• I-Astronotus,
• I-Discus
• Shrimp
• I-Piranhas.

Ama-gurus ahambisana ngokuphelele ne-scalaria ne-pecilia. Bangakwazi ukuhlangana nama-guppies, ama-loosers. Akuhambisani ngokuphelele nama-cockerels, i-astronotus, i-shrimp, i-piranha, i-goldfish.

Isifo

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinhlanzi lunohlu lwezifo olukhona kuzo. I-pearl gourami yayiyingqayizivele. Inhlanzi eyodwa egulayo ingathelela bonke abahlala e-aquarium. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubagcina besesimweni esihle nokubheka impilo yakho. Imvamisa, inhlanzi iqala ukugula ngenxa yokulimala okutholakele ngesikhathi sokuhamba, ushintsho lokushisa, amapharamitha amanzi angafanele e-aquarium, ukunakekelwa okungekuhle nokudla okusezingeni eliphansi.

Izifo ezijwayelekile zama-pearl guramas yilezi:

I-Lymphocystosis

Leli yigciwane elingena esikalini sezinhlanzi futhi lishintshe amaseli we-mucous membrane. Amabhola avela esikhunjeni senhlanzi, esingabonakala ngokushesha. Indawo ethintekile iba yande ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bese idatshulwa bese igciwane liqala ukusakazeka e-aquarium. Imvamisa, izimpawu zokuqala zingabonakala emafini, bese zivela kwezinye izindawo.

I-Pseudomoniasis

Lesi isilonda se-peptic esibangelwa amagciwane angamalungu eqembu le-pseudomonad. Bawela emanzini e-aquarium ngezilwane ezigulayo, inhlabathi nezitshalo. Kumuntu ogulayo, izindawo ezimnyama zakha esikalini, ezikhula zibe yizilonda ezikopha. Inhlanzi ethelelekile igcinwa esitsheni esihlukile lapho kungekho khona izitshalo. Ukwelashwa, kusetshenziswa i-potassium permanganate. Dilitha 0.5 amagremu wesidakamizwa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi bese ushiya inhlanzi endaweni enjalo imizuzu engu-15.Lapho kungekho sitsha esihlukile noma i-aquarium, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngosizo lwe-bicillin 5, 500 000 IU yezokwelapha ngamalitha ayi-100 amanzi. Le nqubo iphindwa izikhathi eziyisithupha, ngemuva kokusetshenziswa ngakunye, ikhefu losuku olungu-1 kufanele lithathwe.

I-Aeromonosis

Lesi yisifo esithathelwanayo esidalwa yi-bacterium Aeromonos punctata, esivame ukubonakala ezindaweni ezinamanzi ezingcolile, ezibandayo. Izinhlanzi ezigulayo zenqaba ukudla, zihamba kancane futhi zilele emhlabathini. Izikhumba nomzimba zimbozwe ngamabala egazi, kanti isifunda sesisu sesivuvukile.

Lesi sifo asithathelisi kuphela, kodwa futhi sinzima ukuselapha. Izinhlanzi ezigulayo ziyabulawa, kanti i-aquarium ihlonza amagciwane ngesisombululo esikhethekile.