I-Argiope bruennichi noma ispider wasp (zebra spider) - lat. U-Argiope bruennichi, ummeleli wohlobo lwama-arthropods, ungokwesigaba sama-arachnids. I-Argiopes yaseBrunnich iphila impilo yasemhlabeni.
Ukubukeka
Izinsikazi ziyizicabucabu ezinkulu ezinobude bomzimba ofinyelela ku-3 cm. I-cephalothorax yezinsikazi imvame ukumbozwa ngezinwele ezimhlophe-zesiliva. I-cephalothorax ye-anterior imincane kakhulu kunengxenye ye-thoracic yangemuva. UChelicerae mncane. Izimbambo zivame ukuba zide futhi zizacile, zinemibala, zinezingubo ezimnyama nezikhanyayo. Amabili okuqala nowesibili emilenzeni mide, acishe afane, owesibili amafushane, owesithathu amafushane.
Isisu sivame ukugqokwa ngemibala egqamile, kukhona imnyama, emhlophe, ephuzi, imivimbo yewolintshi kanye namabala. Indawo engaphansi (evulekile) imivimbo emisha emude ngemuva, lapho kunendawo emhlophe noma ephuzi. Isimo sinwebekile, siphindwe kabili ubude. Izinhlobo eziningi esiswini zinokuphuma noma izinqubo ze-lateral, ezinye zinesiphetho esidlule sesisu. Amarts e-Arachnoid ajwayelekile.
I-dimorphism ecacile yobulili: abesilisa baphindaphindwe izikhathi ezingama-4-5 kunabesifazane, i-cephalothorax ivame ukungabi nqunu, i-chelicera incane kakhulu kunabesifazane.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani isicabucabu?
Sekuvele igama uqobo lalezi zinhlobo zama-arachnids akunzima ukuthola isiphetho mayelana nombala wesici onaso lesi spider.
Izici zokubonakala kwakhe zimi ngokulandelayo:
- isisu simbozwe ngokuphelele ngemichilo ekhanyayo ephuzi namnyama. Eduze nokuxhumeka ne-cephalothorax, umbala uguquka kancane ohlangothini lwe-ashen no-brown,
- kukhona ne-fossae enezimpawu eziyisithupha ku-exoskeleton esakhiweni sedokodo,
- i-cephalothorax ihlanganisa i-velvety-ash undercoat emnyama, futhi ekhanda elimnyama kunamehlo ayisishiyagalombili asayizi ahlukene: 4 amancane emugqeni ophansi, 2 amakhulu, abukeka eqondile, emgqeni ophakathi kanye namehlo amabili asayizi aphakathi ezinhlangothini zekhanda,
- imidlwane yesinambuzane yinde kakhulu. Kukhona eziyisishiyagalombili, ezine ohlangothini ngalunye. Ngayinye yazo inamajoyinti ayi-6, futhi endaweni yendawo yazo kukhona imithende ebanzi ye-beige ebanzi.
Lapho kuhlala: indawo, izindawo zokuhlala, indlela yokuphila
Indawo enkulu yesigcawu se-wasp yiCentral and Southern Europe, lapho lesi sicabucabu sikhetha khona izindawo ezinomswakama wehlathi-lesinyathelo noma isitebhisi, sinamanethi alo okuzingela phakathi kwamagatsha ezihlahla zezihlahla, ezihlahleni, otshanini obude nakwezinye izindawo.
Isimiso esiqondiswa yilesi sicabucabu lapho sikhetha indawo esizobeka kuyo iwebhusayithi yaso wukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, okuzokhanyisa iwebhu kahle kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ngezikhathi ezihlukile zosuku.
Iqiniso ngukuthi i-cobweb yemithambo ye-belnichi inamandla amakhulu okubonisa imisebe ye-ultraviolet, okwenza ihehe ikakhulukazi ezinambuzaneni ezahlukahlukene.
Ividiyo: mayelana nezicabucabu ze-argiope bruennichi Umsunguli wetha lokuzingela uqobo likhona enkabeni yewebhu yalo futhi libukeka njengonhlamvu X, imilenze yokuqoqa kabili.
Kungakho izimbambo zayo zingenakubonwa yizinambuzane ezingenamdlandla ezithatha isicabucabu se-wasp bese ziwela kwinethiwekhi ekhazimulayo elangeni, iba isidlo esilandelayo kumenyu yomdlwenguli.
Ungaluka kanjani iwebhu nokuthi yini okufanele uyidle
I-Argiope ibandakanyeka ekwembuleni i-cobwebs ngesikhathi sokuhlwa ukuze ikwazi ukuqoqa izinambuzane ezilele isidlo sasekuseni ekuseni. Iwebhu enjalo inamathiselwe emicu eminingi eyisixhaxha emincane kunamanye, isikhala phakathi sigcwaliswa ngama-rosette afanayo wephethini ye-zigzag. Futhi ekudleni kwesicabucabu-isp, izinhlobo eziningi zezinambuzane, phakathi kwazo:
- izintethe
- izimpukane
- omiyane
- izimvemvane
- ezingcolile
- izinyosi
- midge,
- iminyovu.
Isinambuzane esibanjelwe kuwebhu kufanele sife; masinyane kuvela isilwanyana esiseduze futhi singene emigqonyeni onobuthi emzimbeni. Lapho izinambuzane ziyeka ukuhamba, isicabucabu siyisonga kuwebhu, sinqamule imicu egciniwe yewebhu bese sidonsa umuthi wesikhathi esizayo endaweni eseceleni.
Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, izinto ezinobuthi zizothambisa igobolondo lesinambuzane, emva kwalokho isicabucabu singathatha isidlo, sincele wonke amanzi okuphila kulowo ohlukunyeziwe.
Ukuzala kabusha nokukhula kwezalo
Ukumatanisa kwisigcawu se-wasp kwenzeka ngasekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Ngemuva kokuzalela, insikazi idla umlingani wayo, okuchazwa yi-reflex ejwayelekile yokubusa, lapho izilwane ezinkulu zidla ezincane. Ube esefaka ukhukhunathi obukhulu kusuka kuwebhu lapho abeka khona amaqanda angaba ngu-400. Emva kwalokho, insikazi iyafa. Imibungu ifukamela kukhukhunathi ofudumele futhi omnyama, bese kuthi entwasahlobo aqhume emaqandeni bese enyuka kuwebhu azungeze ikhukhunathi. Akuwona wonke amawundlu asindayo, ngoba ukondla imilomo engama-400 kungumsebenzi onzima, ngakhoke iningi lizodliwa abafowabo noma libulawa yindlala.
Ngenxa yalokho, kuphela abasindayo nabasindayo abasindayo. Eduze kuka-Agasti, izicabucabu ezinamandla zizokhasa zizungeze, futhi ezinye ziyohamba ziwubhekise eziseleni lwazo. Ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, bazophinda umjikelezo wohlobo lokuzala kabusha.
Ukuluma kuyingozi empilweni yabantu
I-Argiope brunnicha ayikwazi ukudala ingozi enkulu kumuntu, futhi futhi ukubulala kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, lesi spider asinolaka, futhi ngenxa yalokho ngeke simane sihlasele umuntu. Enye into, uma umphazamisa, ukwenza isibonelo. Esimweni esinjalo, isilwane sizokubona njengosongo futhi sizame ukuzivikela. Ngenxa yokuluma, ukuvuvukala okuningana kungakheka emzimbeni ngesimo se-edema emnene, nobuhlungu obumnene, ukulunywa, nokuxinana nakho kungabonakala.
Kubathandi bama-arachnids, imininingwane emithethweni yokugcina ekhaya yesigcawu esinjenge-argiope bruennichi izoba wusizo.
Izimo ezidingekayo
Njengendlu yokuhlala efanelekile ye-belgni argiopes, uzodinga ukuthola i-terrarium enkulu ngokwanele ukuze i-spp yespp lapho kufanele isise khona. Ubukhulu obufanele bube ngamasentimitha angama-20x30 nokuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-20. Kungcono ukukhetha isembozo se-mesh sedatha elinjalo, ukuze isilinganiso esanele somoya sigeleze ngaphakathi ngaphakathi. Njengomugqa ongaphansi, ungasebenzisa umhlaba ojwayelekile, udaka, ingxube yalezi zinto, noma uthenge ingxube ekhethekile kakhukhunathi yama-arachnids.
Ngaphakathi kwe-terrarium, kufanele uhlelele amagatsha omvini owomile ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene namasayizi ahlukene, ukuze isicabucabu singakhululeka ukwenza ukuluka okujwayelekile kwewebhu.
Uzohlela izindawo eziseceleni emakhoneni e-terrarium, lapho azofihla khona ukukhiqizwa okweqile. Ngaphakathi kwe-terrarium, kunconywa ukuthi kulondolozwe amazinga okushisa egumbi futhi kuqashelwe umswakama owanele.
Ukondla
Ukuqinisekisa ukondleka okufanele, kunconyelwa ukuthi kunikeze isicabucabu ukudla kungadluli kabili ngosuku. Isibonelo, lokhu kungenziwa ekuseni nakusihlwa. Njengokuphakelayo, kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa izinambuzane ezikhethekile zokudla, okufakwa nakho okungatholakala kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezilwane ezikhethekile. Kodwa ukuzama izinambuzane zasemgwaqweni akukufanele, ngoba kanye nazo zingaletha ama-pathogenic bacteria anganciphisa impilo esivele ifushane ye-argiope bruhnnichi.
Amanzi angafakwa endishini yokuphuza futhi aguqulwa njalo abe amasha. Isitsha esincane esinjalo esinamanzi (ungasebenzisa isembozo seplastiki esijwayelekile samathini) kuzosiza ukugcina izinga lomswakama elilungile ku-terrarium.
Kufanele futhi unake ukuhlanzwa njalo. Kanye ngesonto, buyisela ungqimba olungaphezulu lwesinqeni, ususe isihlalo sesicabucabu kanye naso. Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, isilwane singahanjiswa embizeni yengilazi ejwayelekile ukuze ingakulumi.
Izindonga ze-terrarium nazo zidinga ukusulwa ngama-antiseptic agents ukuvimbela ukuvela nokukhula kwamagciwane kanye nesikhunta. Uhambe ngokucophelela uzungeze amakhona ukuze ugweme ukuphazamisa izindawo zakho ezivikelekile zesilwane sakho. Ngemuva kokufunda i-athikili yethu, ungahlukanisa kalula phakathi kwesicabucabu-isp nezinye izinambuzane. Futhi yize abantu abaningi besaba noma benengekile yilaba abamele lezi zilwane, kusenezifundazwe ezithanda ukugcina i-argiope brunnich ekhaya.
Iwebhu
Iwebhu ejijayo ijwayelekile kwizicabucabu ezijikelezayo: isilonda somoya ojikelezayo esijikeleze imicu yokusekela yeradial. Iwebhusayithi imile noma i-angle engela e-axis ethe mpo.
Iwebhu inokusuka okuluhlaza kwe-zigzag ngentambo eminingi esikhungweni - ukuzinza. Kungaba khona ukuqina okubili, kathathu, kane noma ngaphezulu okunwebeka kusuka enkabeni, okuyisimo sezinhlobo. Ukuzinza kungama mpo, kufakwe isiyingi enkabeni yewebhu, ngesiphambano esime X. Ukubaluleka kwaso akucaci, naphezu kwezifundo eziningi. Ama-hypotheses asemqoka: ukusabisa izinyamazane, ukuheha izinambuzane, ukuvimba isicabucabu nokunye.
Olunye ucwaningo luveze ukuthi ukuzinza kwe-crucifera kudonsela izinambuzane kangcono ngoba kufana nezimpawu zombono wazo. Abaphenyi bakholelwa ukuthi isisekelo sokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwakuyindlela esetshenziswayo yokuqina, lapho izingqangi eziningi zase-Eshiya nezase-Australia zakha isakhiwo esihle sokubopha.
Indlela yokuphila
Iwebhu yakhelwe ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene, phakathi kwezihlahla ezisehlathini, emameleni. I-Argiopes ayakhi izindawo zokukhosela eduze kwewebhu, kepha imvamisa ihlala enkabeni yayo, ilindele inyamazane.
Ezinye izinhlobo ngesikhathi sokukhathazeka zihamba ngokushesha kuwebhu, zingabonakali kumphangi. Ezinye ziwela phansi bese isisu sazo ziba mnyama engaphansi ngenxa yokuqanjwa amaseli akhethekile.
Lapho incanca, insikazi ivame ukudla owesilisa. Kwezinye izinhlobo, abesilisa benza i-autotomy: baphula ingxenye yokugcina yokugcina ngenkathi bekopishwa. Ucezwana lwe-pedipalpa, i-embolism, ngesinye isikhathi olunezingxenye ezingeziwe, luvala ukuvulwa kowesifazane ngowesifazane.
Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo
Isithombe: Argiope Brunnich
U-Argiope Bruennichi ubhekise ku-arachnid arthropods, uyisikhombisi se-oda lesigcawu, umndeni wesicabucabu se-orb-web, i-genus argiope, uhlobo lwe-Argiope Brunnich.
Igama elithi Argiope spider lathola ukuhlonipha i-nymph yasendulo yamaGrikhi. Cishe eminyakeni engamakhulu amathathu edlule, kwakuyisiko ukuthi izinambuzane zinikeze amagama ezidalwa zaphezulu zakudala ezingamaGrikhi. UBrunnich yisibongo somcwaningi, isazi sezilwane esivela eDenmark, owabhala i-encyclopedia enkulu nge-insectology ngonyaka ka-1700.
Ividiyo: Argiope Bruennich
Isikhathi ngqo semvelaphi kanye nezigaba zokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwale nhlobo ye-arthropod kunalokho kunzima ukunquma. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ungqimba oluvikelayo, oluhlaselayo lubhujiswa masinyane. Izinsalela ezimbalwa zezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zomzimba wokhokho basendulo bama-arachnids zivame ukugcinwa kakhulu kuma-amber noma i-resin. Kwakungukuthola lokhu okuye kwavumela ososayensi nabaphenyi ukuthi baphakamise ukuthi ama-arachnids okuqala avela eminyakeni engaba yizigidi ezingama-280 - 320 edlule.
Ukutholwa kwakudala kwe-arthropod kwatholakala endaweni yePeople's Republic of China yanamuhla. Uma kubhekwa izingxenye zomzimba ezihlukaniswe nge-amber, ama-arthropods angaleso sikhathi ayenezincane ezincane ezazingadluli kumamilimitha amahlanu kuya kwayisithupha. Ngokwesimilo, babenomsila omude, owanyamalala lapho kwenzeka khona ukuziphendukela kwemvelo. Umsila wawusetshenziselwa ukwenza lokho okubizwa nge- web. Okhokho bakudala be-arthropods bebengazi ukuthi basebenza kanjani ama-cobwebs, bavele babeka imicu emicu enamathelayo ababeyisebenzisa ukuluka izindawo zabo zokuhlala, bavikele cocoons.
Isici esibonakalayo sesicabucabu sasendulo sasicishe siqhelelene i-cephalothorax nesisu. Izazi ze-zoologists ziphakamisa ukuthi indawo okuvela kuyo izicabucabu yiGondwana. Lapho kuqala iPangea, izinambuzane zaqala ukusabalala cishe ezweni lonke. Ngokuqala kweminyaka yeqhwa, izindawo zokuhlala izinambuzane zehle kakhulu.
Uhlala kuphi u-Argiope Brunnich?
Isithombe: Isicabucabu esinobuthi u-Argiope Bruennich
Indawo yokuhlala yalolu hlobo lwama-arachnids ibanzi impela. Kuphephile ukusho ukuthi izinambuzane zihlala ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba.
Izindawo ze-Arthropod:
Eminyakeni engama-60 nama-70s, iningi labantu base-Argiope Brukhin laligxile ngaphakathi kwama-52-53 degrees enyakatho kokuma. Kodwa-ke, kakade ngonyaka we-2000s, imininingwane yaqala ukutholwa ngokutholwa kwesinambuzane ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene, futhi ezimweni eziningi, abantu abatholakele babehlala enyakatho kakhulu kulesi sifunda. Ama-zoologists athi le ndlela engajwayelekile yokuxazulula ama-arachnids yenziwe lula yi-non-standard uwezo wokuhambisa - ukwehla.
Ukulangazelela kwalolu hlobo lwe-arthropod lwezinhlobo zama-xerophilous zezitshalo kwembulwa. Bancamela ukuhlala ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zemifino, izihlahlana. Imvamisa zitholakala emigwaqweni, emaphethelweni ehlathi.
Izicabucabu zithanda izindawo ezivulekile, ezinelanga. Bathanda umoya omusha owomile futhi abakwazi ukuma ukufudumala okuphezulu nezimo sezulu ezibandayo. Esikhathini esiningi, isicabucabu esinezimpondo sithambekele ekukhangeni kwelanga elivulekile. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezimila, bakhetha ukuzinza ezitshalweni eziphansi ezikhula ezindaweni eziyomile, ezigcwele ilanga.
Manje uyazi ukuthi ihlala kuphi i-Argiope Brunnich. Masibone ukuthi udlani.
Ngabe udlani u-Argiope Brunnich?
Isithombe: I-Argiope Brunnich, noma ispp sesicabucabu
Izicabucabu ze-Wasp zithathwa njenge-arthropods omnivorous. Umthombo oyinhloko wokudla izinambuzane. Izicabucabu ziyazizingela zisebenzisa izinsimbi zazo. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngekhono lokwaluka kuwebhu azilingani. Inethiwekhi inkulu kakhulu, inesondo lesondo. Isici esiyingqayizivele kuwebhu salezi arthropods ukuba khona kwemigqa ye-zigzag. Inethiwekhi enjalo umsizi onokwethenjelwa lapho ethola ukudla. Izicabucabu zidla ngentokozo noma yiziphi izinambuzane ezingangena kuzo.
Yini isisekelo sokudla kwama-argiopes:
Ukwakheka kwewebhu kuvumela izicabucabu ukuthi zibambe inani elikhulu kakhulu lezi zinambuzane. Izicabucabu ze-Tiger zakha ubuthi, ngosizo zazo ezikhubazeka isisulu, zivimbele ukukhishwa kwayo kumanethiwekhi. Izwa ukunyakaza kwezinsimbi emanethini, i-arthropod isondela ngokushesha isisulu sayo, iyaluma, ifake ubuthi kuyo futhi ilindele ukuba ilinde.
Iqiniso elikhangayo: Ngokuvamile, ngemuva kokuba izinambuzane eziningana ziboshwe kunethiwekhi ngasikhathi sinye, zibheka enye indawo bese ziluka inethiwekhi entsha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuqapha kwezicabucabu, ezesabayo ukwesabisa abantu abangaba izisulu ezintsha.
Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, ubuthi buqala ukusebenza. Ibanga isisulu futhi ibe nomthelela ekuncibilikisweni kokufakwa ngaphakathi. Emva kwalokho, izicabucabu zimane ziphuze okungaphakathi, kusale igobolondo elingaphandle. Imvamisa ngemuva kokuzwana, insikazi idla umlingani wayo, uma elambile kakhulu.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Argiope Brunnich
I-Argiope Brunnich akuyona inambuzane eyedwa. Izicabucabu zalolu hlobo zihlangana ndawonye ngamaqembu, inani lazo elingafinyelela abantu abayishumi nambili. Lokhu kuyadingeka ekuzondleni okusebenzayo, kanye nokuzalanisa nokukhulisa inzalo. Kuleli qembu, insikazi yiyona eholayo. Inquma indawo yeqembu. Ngemuva kokuhlala kabusha, inqubo yokuluka iyaqala.
I-Arthropods ivame ukuhola indlela yokuphila esekwe emhlabeni. Ukuzihlinzeka ngomthombo wamandla, izicabucabu ziluka iwebhu. Zingezicabucabu - ukujikeleza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iwebhu eyelukiwe yiyo inephethini elihle ngendlela kasayizi omncane weseli.
Ama-Argiopes afaka amanetha awo ebumnyameni. Kuthatha cishe imizuzu engama-60-80 ukwenza iwebhu. Ngenkathi yokuluka amanetha abo, izinsikazi zivame ukutholakala enkabeni yenetha lokuzingela elinemilenze eyeluliwe.Iwebhu ivame ukubekwa kumahlumela, amabala otshani, noma kwezinye izindawo lapho kungenzeka khona ukubamba izinambuzane. Ngemuva kokuba konke sekumi ngomumo, isicabucabu sicasha ngezansi, futhi silindele isisulu saso.
Lapho i-arthropod ibona usongo olusondelayo, ngokushesha icwila ebusweni bomhlaba bese iphendukela phansi, ifihle i-cephalothorax. Kwezinye izimo, izindlela zokuzivikela ziqala ukushibilika kuwebhu. Amatshe ayakwazi ukukhombisa imisebe yelanga, enze indawo enkulu enhle, acwebe izitha ezingaba khona.
Izicabucabu zinikezwe imvelo ngesimo sokuzola, azihambisani nokukhombisa ulaka. Uma umuntu ehlangana nesicabucabu esinjalo ku-vivo, angakwazi, ngaphandle kokwesaba, ukuthatha isithombe sakhe noma asihlolisise kusuka ebangeni eliseduze. Ebusuku, noma lapho izinga lokushisa lehla, izicabucabu azisebenzi kakhulu futhi azisebenzi ngokuphelele.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Photo: Spider Argiope Bruennich
Abantu besifazane bakulungele ukungena emshadweni ekugcineni kokuncibilikisa. Imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka ngokuqala kwesizini yokuwa. Kungemuva kokulimaza ukuthi imishini yowesifazane yomlomo ihlala ithambile isikhashana, okushiya abesilisa ithuba lokuphila ngemuva kokuphola. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusizi ngaso sonke isikhathi abesilisa ukuba basinde. Ngokubeka amaqanda, abantu besifazane badinga amaprotheni, umthombo wawo ongaba umlingani.
Ngaphambi kokukhwelana, abesilisa babamba ende futhi bakhethe insikazi abayithandayo. Baseduzane isikhashana. Lapho owesilisa esondela kulowo angahle abe ngumlingani wakhe azikhethele wona, izintambo zenethiwekhi yokuzingela aziqhaqhazeli, kube sengathi ziphangi, futhi lowesifazane uyaqonda ukuthi sesifikile isikhathi sokukhwelana. Abesilisa bavame “ukuvala” insikazi ekhethiwe ukuze kungabikho abanye abafaka izicelo abakwazi ukumfaka umquba.
Cishe inyanga ngemuva kokuzalela, isicabucabu sibeka amaqanda. Ngaphambi kwalapho, ugqoka ukhukhunathi owodwa noma ngaphezulu, ngalinye lizalela amaqanda angaba ngamakhulu amane. Ngemuva kokugcwala kwama-cocoon, insikazi iyayilungisa eduze kwewebhu yayo ngosizo lwentambo ethembekile, eqinile.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: Ngemuva kokuthi amaqanda afihlwe kukhukhunathi futhi abekwe ngokuphephile kumahlumela, noma ezinye izinhlobo zezimila, insikazi iyafa.
Kulezi cocoon, amaqanda abekezelela ubusika. Izicabucabu ziphuma emaqanda kuphela entwasahlobo. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, abantu balolu hlobo bebencintisana kakhulu ukuze basinde. Ukuntuleka kokudla endaweni elinganiselwe yekhukhunathi kwenza izicabucabu eziqinile zidle ezibuthakathaka nezincane. Labo abasindayo baphuma ku-cocoon futhi bagibela phezulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo. Baphakamisa isisu futhi bakhipha i-cobweb. Kanye nomoya, ama-cobwebs kanye nezicabucabu zithwalwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Umjikelezo wokuphila wesicabucabu ogcwele izinyanga eziyi-12.
Izitha zemvelo ze-Argiop Bruennich
Isithombe: Unobuthi u-Argiope Brunnich
U-Argiope Brunnich, njenganoma uluphi uhlobo lwesinambuzane, unezitha ezimbalwa. Imvelo ibanikeze umbala ogqamile, ongajwayelekile wesicabucabu, ngenxa yokuthi bakwenzela ukugwema ukuhlaselwa kwezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni. Izinyoni zibona umbala okhanyayo njengophawu nophawu lokuthi lesi sinambuzane sinobuthi futhi impilo isongela ukudla.
Izihlobo zesicabucabu aziwubeki ebungozini kumngane. Azilwi impi yendawo, imingcele, noma abesifazane. Izicabucabu ezincane eziboshwe emaqandeni zivame ukudlana, ngenkathi zisekhukheni. Lokhu kunciphisa kancane inani lezinambuzane. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi izicabucabu zivame ukudlula kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingavikeleki, futhi zivikelekile ngokwethembekile ezinambuzaneni ezidlayo yiwebhu eqinile.
Ingozi yesicabucabu ngamagundane, amasele, izibungu. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izikhathi, izicabucabu ziyakwazi ukukhipha lezi zidalwa eziyingozi. Bajwayele ukuzivikela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bakhulula iwebhu, imicu yayo ikhanye elangeni bese bethusa labo abazodla ama-arthropods. Uma lokhu kungasizi, izicabucabu ziqhuma kuwebhu futhi zimane zingene otshanini. Kunzima ukubathola lapho. Ngaphezu kwamagundane nezikhonkwane, izitha ze-Argiope Brunnich ziyimvithi nezinyosi, ezinobuthi bazo buzibulala izicabucabu.
Ukwakheka komzimba wespider spider
Umzimba wesicabucabu siqukethe iminyango emibili: i-cephalothorax nesisu. Ukuhlangana phakathi kwe-cephalothorax nesisu kwenziwa ngenxa yengxenye yesikhombisa ye-cephalothorax. Izicabucabu ze-belgini argiope zinezimbotshana eziyisithupha zezinyawo, zazo ezinezinyawo ezine zokuhamba namabili omhlathi. Imigqa ye-argiopes, ngokungafani namanye ama-arachnids, amafushane, futhi avezwa ngendlela yama-tentpentern. Izicabucabu ze-Argiope zibamba inyamazane yazo zisebenzisa iwebhu. Ama-warts we-Arachnoid atholakala ngaphansi kwesisu.
Isimo sesilwane:
Usayizi: ubukhulu bomzimba obujwayelekile be-arryope ye-brynnichi, kusuka ku-12 kuye ku-15 mm, ngama-paws, ubude besigcawu se-wasp bungafinyelela ku-4-5 cm.
Umbala: Ingxenye ephezulu yesisu sesicabucabu i-argiope i-blennichi ephuzi-mhlophe ngombala ngemivimbo emnyama. Kusukela ku-cephalothorax, umucu wesi-4 ngokulandelana ukhulume ngokungahambi kahle, kuvezwe ngesimo sokubhekelwa amabhubhu amabili. Emaphethelweni wesisu kukhona ama-grooves ayisithupha, anemibala ehlukene ngokuhluka - ukusuka ebumnyameni kuya kolintshi.
Ubuthi
Ubuthi be-Argiop buqukethe i-polyamines argiopin, argiopinins kanye ne-pseudoargiopinins. U-Argiopin waqala wahlukaniswa nobuthi I-Argiope lobata ngo-1986. Kuyi-acylpolyamine equkethe izinsalela ze-asparagine, arginine, 2,4-dioxiphenyloic acid ne-polyamine. Ama-Argiopin, ama-argiopinins nama-pseudo-argiopinins angama-glutamate receptor blockers. I-Argiopin ekuhlanganeni kwama-0.01-1 μmol / L amabhlokhi ezinambuzane ezingama-glutamate receptors nama-kaine receptors nama-AMPA receptors kuma-vertebrates; amanye ama-polyamine aqhamuka ebuchosheni be-argiop awahambisani kangako nalawa ma-receptors.
Izici zebhayoloji
Olimini olusemthethweni lwe-biological, i-argiope ingeyomndeni wesicabucabu esijikelezayo. Lo mndeni ubonakala ngokwenza inethi enkulu yokuzingela eyindilinga nge-spiral-like ukuzinza enkabeni. Le ngxenye yewebhu ibonakala kahle kwimisebe ye-ultraviolet, ehlukaniswa yizinambuzane eziningi, ngakho-ke ukuqina kuyinto ekhangayo ezinambuzaneni nasezinhlafuneni ezihlukile.
Inkomba! Ukuzinza - imicu yewebhu yakha iphethini ye-zigzag.
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Photo: Wasp Spider - Argiope Brunnich
Kuze kube manje, izinombolo zalolu hlobo lwe-arthropod azisongelwanga. Ezifundeni ahlala kuzo, uhlala ngokwanele. Lezi zicabucabu ziqalwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo ngabathandi bezilwane ezihlukile emhlabeni wonke. Ukuthandwa kwawo kubangelwa ukwanda kwawo, kungalingani ngokwemigomo yokondliwa nokugcinwa, kanye nezindleko zayo eziphansi. Akukho ezweni noma esifundeni lapho kuhlala khona isicabucabu, kunezinhlelo ezikhethekile lapho izicabucabu zivikelwe khona yimvelo noma ngabaphathi bendawo.
Imininingwane yenziwa kanye nabantu ezindaweni lapho kuhlala khona izicabucabu. Abantu bayaziswa ngemithetho yokuziphatha uma behlangana nezicabucabu, ngezinyathelo okufanele zithathwe ngokushesha uma ukuluma sekwenzekile. Izingane nezingane zesikole zichazwa ngobungozi balolu hlobo lwesicabucabu, nokuthi kufanele ziziphathe kanjani lapho zihlangana naye ngendlela yokugwema ukulunywa yisinambuzane esiyingozi.
I-Argiope Brunnich uthathe ummeleli wama-arthropods, okunzima ukudida nanoma ngubani. Indawo yokusatshalaliswa inkulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke imvamisa ingatholakala emagumbini ahlukahlukene omhlaba. Ukulunywa yisicabucabu kungenzeka ukuthi kuholele ekufeni komuntu omdala, onempilo. Kodwa-ke, kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu. Uma isicabucabu sikwazile ukuluma umuntu, udinga ukufaka ngokushesha amakhaza endaweni yokuluma futhi ufune usizo lodokotela.
Ukubukeka
Ngokusho kwencazelo, isicabucabu se-argiope ngempela sifana ne-wasp noma i-zebra. Emzimbeni we-arthropod, ukushintshaniswa kwemivimbo emnyama nphuzi kuvezwe ngokucacile, noma kunjalo, lokhu kuhambisana nabesifazane kuphela. Abesilisa balolu hlobo bancane futhi bangama-nondescript.
Kwizicabucabu ze-argiope yaseBrunnich, i-dimorphism ebonakalayo iyabonakala. Owesifazane unesayizi womzimba ongamamilimitha angama-15-30 ubude, kanti i-argiope yesilisa ifinyelela kancane kwesigamu samasentimitha.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala kwama-argiopes
Isicabucabu Argiope Bruennich kubhekisa kuhlobo lwe-araneomorphic. Lesi sinambuzane sikhulu kunaleso sikhathi; abesilisa bancanyana kunabesifazane. Isidumbu sowesifazane osekhulile singasukela kwamasentimitha amathathu kuya kwayisithupha, noma ngabe kukhona okuhlukile ohlangothini olukhulu.
Abesilisa bakwa-Argiopeokuphambene nalokho, zincane ngosayizi - azikho ngaphezu kwamamilimitha ayi-5, ngaphezu kwalokho, umzimba omncane omncane womfana uvame ukudwetshwa ngwevu grey noma omnyama ngesisu esikhanyayo nemivimbo emibili emnyama kuyo, etholakala ezinhlangothini. Emilenzeni elula, evezwe buthaka, izindandatho ezingacacile zomthunzi omnyama. Ama-Pedipalps aphatha umqhele wesitho sangasese sowesilisa, ngaphandle kwalokho - ama.
Kulesi sithombe, isicabucabu argiope wesilisa
Owesifazane uhluka hhayi ngosayizi kuphela, kodwa futhi ngokubukeka okuphelele. Owesifazane ama-argiopes amnyama aphuzi imivimbo, enekhanda elimnyama, emzimbeni oyindilinga-oblong kunezinwele ezincane ezikhanyayo. Uma sibala, siqala ku-cephalothorax, khona-ke umugqa oyi-4 wehlukile kwabanye kumashubhu amabili amancane maphakathi.
Abanye ososayensi bachaza imilenze yezinsikazi ngokuthi yinde, ibe mncane, imnyama nge-beige noma izindandatho eziphuzi ezikhanyayo, abanye babheka okuphambene: imilenze yesicabucabu ilula, nemivimbo yokukhala kwayo imnyama. Isikhala semilenze singafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-10. Sekukonke, isicabucabu sinezimbambo ezi-6 zamalumbo: ngababili aba-4 babhekwa njengemilenze no-2 - imihlathi.
Kulesi sithombe, isicabucabu argiope insikazi
I-pedipalps imfushane kunalokho, ifana ne-tentacle. Kungenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwemibala emnyama nephuzi, ekhonjiswa ngemivimbo emzimbeni nasemilenzeni, i-argiope ibizwa nge- "spider-wasp". Umbala omuhle wesicabucabu futhi uyasiza ukuthi ungabi isidlo sakusihlwa sezinyoni, ngoba embusweni wezilwane imibala ekhanyayo ikhombisa ubukhona bezinhlungu ezinamandla.
Olunye uhlobo olujwayelekile olujwayelekile - i-lobular argiope, noma ngenye indlela - argiope lobata. Isicabucabu sathola igama laso lokuqala ngenxa yesimo somzimba esingajwayelekile - isisu saso esiphansi sithweswe umqhele emaphethelweni ngamazinyo abukhali. I-Argiope lobata esithombeni ifana nesikwashi esincane esinemilenze emide emincane.
Esithombeni, isicabucabu se-argiope lobata (agriope ye-lobular)
Abamele lezi zinhlobo sebegcwele emhlabeni wonke. Zitholakala e-Afrika, e-Europe, e-Asia Minor, kanye nasezifundeni eziningi ze-Russian Federation, Japan, ne China. Indawo yokuphila ethandwa yizihlahla ezinkulu, imiphetho, noma yiziphi ezinye izindawo ezikhanyiswe kahle yilanga.
Imvamisa umbuzo uthi “i-argiope spider inobuthi noma cha", Impendulo okuyiyo yebo inguye yebo. Njengezicabucabu eziningi i-argiope inobuthiKodwa-ke, kumuntu akakuboni ingozi ngokuphelele - ubuthi bakhe buthakathaka kakhulu. Isinambuzane asivezi ulaka kubantu, singakwazi ukuluma ngowesifazane kuphela argiopes futhi kuphela uma umphatha.
Kodwa-ke, naphezu kobuthakathaka bobuthi, ukulunywa uqobo kungadala ubuhlungu, njengoba imivimbo ingena ijule ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Indawo yokuluma ngokushesha iphenduka ibomvu, ivuvukale kancane, ikindiki.
Ubuhlungu buphinda buye kuphela ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, kepha ukuvuvukala kusuka ukuluma kwesicabucabu ingabamba izinsuku eziningana. Ukwesaba kakhulu abantu kuphela abanokungezwani nalolu hlobo lokuluma. I-Argiope izizwa imnandi ekuthunjweni, yingakho (futhi ngenxa yombala obumangazayo) abamele izinhlobo zezinhlobo zemvelo bangavame ukubonwa emadolobheni.
Ukudla okunempilo nendawo yokuhlala ye-argiope brynnicha
I-Argiopes ingeyezicabucabu zesigaxa esakha ugibe. I-tenet ye-argiopes inesimo samasondo. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-argiopes adla ngokudla okuwuketshezi, okungukuthi, izinambuzane eziwela enetheni lokuzingela elakhiwe. Isicabucabu sibulala inyamazane ngosizo lwemibhangqwana engaphambili, ngaphansi kwayo kukhona indlala enobuthi. I-Argiopes imunca wonke umsoco wesinambuzane, ishiya kuphela ikhava elinamandla.
Kusatshalaliswe kahle emazweni e-CIS, eNyakatho Melika, emaqeleni nasezintabeni.
Ukubhebhetheka
Kuthunyelwe kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica. Isikhungo esikhulu sokuhlukahluka siseSoutheast Asia naseziqhingini eziseduze nase-Oceania, kufaka neNew Guinea, lapho kutholakala khona izinhlobo ezingama-44. Izinhlobo eziyi-15 zaziwa zivela e-Australia. ENingizimu naseNyakatho Melika, izinhlobo ezingama-8 zitholakala. Izinhlobo eziyi-11 zihlala e-Afrika naseziqhingini eziseduze (iZanzibar, iCape Verde, neMadagascar).
EYurophu, izinhlobo ezi-3 zivamile: I-Argiope trifasciata, I-Argiope bruennichi, I-Argiope lobata. Izinhlobo ezi-1 zaziwa zivela eCentral Asia. Isicabucabu I-Argiope trifasciata sasakazeka emhlabeni wonke futhi I-Argiope bruennichi futhi I-Argiope lobata isatshalaliswa kuwo wonke umhlaba Old.
Izici ze-arunope yaseBrunnich
I-Argiope iyisicabucabu esincane esilinganayo. Ubude bomzimba besifazane bufika ku-1.5 cm, abesilisa bafushane kakhulu - kufinyelela ku-0,5 cm. Kubantu abadala, ukubonwa kwe-dimorphism okubonakalayo kuyabonakala. Umbala okhanyayo ubonakala kubantu besifazane. Banesisu esisondele ngaphakathi. Ngasemuva kwabesifazane, iphethini ngesimo soxhaxha lwamachashaza amnyama ngemuva kokukhanya okuphuzi. Lokhu kubanikeza ukufana kwangaphandle kwe-wasp, okuyisizathu segama lesibili. I-cephalothorax yi-silvery, imilenze emincane nemide yombala okhanyayo izindandatho ezimnyama ezibanzi. Abesilisa cishe baphindwe kathathu kunabesifazane, abalingani futhi abalinganiseli: isisu sincanyana, sinombala onshebe ngombala ngemithende emibili emnyama. Imilenze mide futhi incane ngezindandatho ezimnyama zokufiphala. Ebhokisini lesibili lezandla (ama-pedipalps) ama bulabhu (izitho zangasese zabesilisa) kuvezwa ngokusobala.
Esithombeni esingezansi - ngowesifazane nowesilisa.
Habitat
Izinhlobo ze-argiope Brunnich (umbhalo wesithombe) zidlangile eCentral naseSouth Europe, eNyakatho Afrika, Kazakhstan, e-Asia Minor, eNdiya, eJapan, Korea nase China, naseCaucasus. Umngcele osenyakatho wezindawo zokuhlala eRussia, ngokusho kwedatha kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-70s yekhulu lokugcina, wafinyelela kuma-52-53º s. w. Kusukela ngo-2003, kwaqala imininingwane yokuthi i-argiope yatholakala enyakatho yalayini.
E-Russia, lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu lungatholakala ezifundeni zase-Oryol, Bryansk, Lipetsk, Belgorod, Penza, Voronezh, Ulyanovsk, Tambov, Saratov, Ryazan, Tula, Moscow naseChelyabinsk. Ngo-2015, ukutholwa kwe-argiope kwatholakala eRdeisky Reserve (Novgorod Region). Ukuhlala kabusha okusebenzayo kugqugquzelwa indlela engafani yokuhamba yabantu abasha - phansi.
Kuhehwa ukukhanga kwe-argiope kaBrunnich ezitshalweni ze-xerophilous. Izicabucabu zithanda umoya owomile futhi azikwazi ukubekezelela umswakama ophezulu. Bahlala, njengomthetho, ezitshalweni ezinotshani nezihlahlana ezisendaweni yezimbali, emigwaqweni, emaphethelweni ehlathi nakwezinye izindawo ezivulekile ezinelanga.
Ngabe kudlani i-argiope?
Isisekelo sokudla kwe-spgi argiope Bruennich ngabamele iqembu le-orthoptera. Lokhu ikakhulukazi amakhethini, izintethe nezinkumbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpukane, zingcolile, omiyane bawela enetheni. Ama-agriopes anendlela ehlukile yokudla yawo wonke ama-arachnids. Ngemuva kokuthi isisulu singene kunethiwekhi, isicabucabu sigijimele kuyo ngokushesha, siyilume futhi siyilimaze ubuthi. Ngemuva kwalokhu, ukukhiqizwa kusongelwe ngama-cobwebs. Ngaphansi kwethonya lama-enzyme, lesi sinambuzane esithengwayo siba namandla. Isicabucabu simane sifunze okuqukethwe uketshezi ku-cocoon, sishiya igobolondo elihlwabusayo kuphela kulowo ohlukunyeziwe.
Ukukhishwa kabusha kwe-Argiope
Isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuncibilika kowesifazane, owandulela ukuthomba. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-chelicea yakhe isathambile. Wonke umuntu uyazi ikusasa elidabukisayo lesicabucabu sowesilisa karakurt (umfelokazi omnyama). Imane idliwa ngowesifazane masinyane ngemuva kokuzalela, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulisa amathuba okusinda enzalo yakhe. Endabeni ye-agriope, sibona isimo esifanayo.
NgoJulayi, emaphethelweni wewebhu, njengomthetho, umuntu angabona owesilisa elinde i-molt yokugcina yowesifazane. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, elinye lamalunga alo liguqulwa laba ama-bulbs. Ngenqubo yokufaka umquba, omunye wabo uyawa.Uma owesilisa akwazi ukucasha kowesifazane, khona-ke angaganana nenye insikazi.
U-Argiope Brunnich ubeka amaqanda kukhukhunathi omkhulu (oboniswe ngenhla), osikhumbuza ngesakhiwo sebhokisi lezitshalo. Itholakala eduze kwewebhu. Isicabucabu sivundile, inani lamaqanda abekwe ngasikhathi sinye lifinyelela amakhulu amaningana. Ekwindla yokuqala, kuvela izicabucabu ezincane. Bashiya cocoon wabo ngendlela eyinqaba. Abantu abasha benyuka benyuka emabangeni aphezulu, bese bekhipha intambo ende futhi bathathwe kanye nomoya. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo zixazululwa ngokuya ngama-biotopes wemvelo. Umjikelezo wokuphila ophelele walolu hlobo lwesicabucabu ungunyaka owodwa.
Esithombeni esilandelayo ubona izicabucabu ezisanda kuvela ku-cocoon.
Isicabucabu sika-Argiope Brunnich: sinoshevu noma cha?
Ngokusho kwabaphenyi, i-spider-wasp iyazola ngobukhona bomuntu futhi abayesabi. Ngakho-ke, ukuxhumana naye ngokomzimba kungenzeka impela, ikakhulukazi uma umthukuthelisa. Ukuqoqwa kobuthi ngokulimala kwesicabucabu akunakwa, akunakulimaza umzimba womuntu. Kodwa-ke, ukuluma kungadala ubomvu futhi ukulunywa, ikakhulukazi kubantu bathambekele kulwelwe.
Ngenxa yombala obukekayo, isicabucabu se-wasp sivame ukukhethwa njengesilwane esifuywayo. Ekuthunjweni, ummeleli wezinhlobo uzizwa emkhulu. Ngokulungiswa kwayo, ungaguqula i-aquarium lapho enye yezinhlangothi izombozwe ngegridi enamaseli amancane. Ukugcina isicabucabu singcono sodwa. Lapho sihlala ndawonye, abantu ngabanye bangancintisana futhi babe nolaka, ngenxa yalokho, omunye wabo angafa.
Ngabe ama-argiopes ayaluma?
Kunesigaba sabantu okudingeka sibeke isandla sabo endaweni ethile: ku-anthill, esidlekeni sezinyosi noma esidlekeni sophondo. Amaqhawe anelukuluku awabuzi imibuzo mayelana nokuthi abanye abamele i-fauna bite, bangakwazi ukuzwa yonke into esikhunjeni sabo.
Okwesele, sikwazisa ukuthi uma ufaka isandla kuwebhu, ngamabomu noma ngephutha, isicabucabu sizosheshe siphendule futhi sikulume. Ukulunywa yi-argiope kubuhlungu impela futhi kuqhathaniswa nenyosi noma uphondo. Iqiniso ngukuthi isicabucabu se-aspen sinemihlathi eqinile, futhi siyakwazi ukujulisa ngokuqinile ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakhohlwa ubuthi bayo.
Abantu abaningi babuza ukuthi i-argiope yaseBrunnich inobuthi noma cha. Vele unobuthi, ngoba ngobuthi bawo ubulala izisulu zawo. Enye into ukuthi ezimweni eziningi kubantu lobu buthi empeleni abubi yingozi.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngokungakhathali kwesicabucabu ngenani lokuphendula lingase lihluka. Iningi labadala linokugcwala okuncane kwesikhumba ngakuyo indawo elunywe kuyo, okunyamalala ngemuva kwehora noma amabili futhi kungakhanyi. Kwezinye izimo, ukuba bomvu nokuvuvukala kungancipha kuphela ngemuva kosuku, futhi indawo elulwayo imnandi kakhulu.
Enye into ukuthi uma isicabucabu silume ingane noma umuntu othanda ukwanda kwe-allergen ebuhlungu besicabucabu noma iqiniso lokulunywa. Kulokhu, kungahle kube nezimpawu eziyingozi more:
- ukudumba okukhulu kokulunywa,
- ukukhuphuka kokushisa komzimba kuya kuma-40-41 degrees,
- isicanucanu,
- isiyezi.
Kulokhu, kunjalo, udinga ukuphazamisa ukuhamba ngokushesha bese uthintana nesikhungo sezokwelapha esiseduze noma ukufakwa okuphuthumayo, lapho umuntu ezonikezwa khona usizo lwezempilo oluphuthumayo.
Ukunaka! Ukuphendula komzimba lapho ulunywa kungabikwa. Ungabi budedengu maqondana nempilo yakho.
Kwethulwa ividiyo yokuthi isicabucabu se-argiope simunca kanjani isisulu saso. Enkabeni yewebhu, ukuzinza kubonakala ngokucacile:
Ubuthi beBrynnichi argiope
Ubuthi besicabucabu i-Argiope Brunnich cishe akuyona ingozi kubantu, uma ukulunywa kunobuhlungu obuncane nokubomvu. Ukwelashwa, ama-compress abandayo asetshenziswa endaweni yokuluma. Kwabanye abantu, kungadala ukungahambisani nokwakheka kwento eyakha ubuthi besicabucabu, ngenxa yalokho, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokuphuthumayo ukuze uthole usizo lodokotela.
Imithombo:
B.N. I-Orlov - Izilwane ezinoshevu nezitshalo ze-USSR, 1990.
Uhlobo nendlela yokuphila yama-agriopes
Abamele izinhlobo argiope bruennichi imvamisa eqoqwe kumakholoni ambalwa (hhayi abantu abangama-20), iphila impilo esekwe emhlabeni. Inethiwekhi ihleliwe phakathi kweziqu eziningana noma amabala otshani.
Esithombeni, isicabucabu argiope bruennichi
I-Argiope — isicabucabu ukujikeleza Amanethiwekhi ayo ahlukaniswa iseli elihle kakhulu, ngisho nephethini namaseli amancane. Njengoba isibeke ugibe lwayo, isicabucabu sihlala kahle engxenyeni yayo engezansi bese ilinda ngesineke kuze kube yilapho inyamazane uqobo isilindile.
Uma isicabucabu sizwa ingozi, ngokushesha siyowushiya umgibe bese wehlela phansi. Kukhona i-argiope ebekwe phezulu phansi, okungenzeka ifihle i-cephalothorax. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izikhathi, isicabucabu singazama ukuxosha ubungozi ngokuqala ukuswayipha iwebhu. Izintambo zokuqinisa ukuqina zibonisa ukukhanya okuhlangana endaweni ebonakalayo, okungaqondakali kwisitha sendabuko.
U-Argiope unesimilo esizolile, usibonile lesi spider endle, ungasibona kude futhi uthathe isithombe, akesabi muntu. Ekuseni nasekuseni kusihlwa, kanye nasebusuku, lapho kupholile ngaphandle, isicabucabu siba sibi futhi singasebenzi.
Umsoco we-Agriope
Imvamisa, izintethe, izimpukane, omiyane baba yizisulu zemiqumbe etholakala kude nomhlabathi. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe yisiphi isinambuzane esiwela ogibeni, isicabucabu siyosijabulela. Lapho nje isisulu sithinta imicu kasilika futhi sinamathela ngokuphephile kuyo, argiope isondele kuye imethule ubuthi. Ngemuva komthelela wayo, lesi sinambuzane siyayeka ukumelana, isicabucabu siwuphefumula ngesizotha ngesicoci esinyene sewebhu futhi ngokushesha siyidle.
Spider argiope lobata wenza umsebenzi wokufaka izicupho ezimweni eziningi kusihlwa. Inqubo yonke imthatha cishe ihora. Umphumela uba yi-web eyindilinga enkulu ebanzi, enkabeni yayo kukhona ukuqina (iphethini ye-zigzag, equkethe imicu ebonakalayo ebonakalayo).
Lokhu kunguphawu cishe lwazo zonke izindlela, kepha i-argiope igcwele lapha futhi - inethiwekhi yayo ihlotshiswe ukuqina. Baqala maphakathi nesicupho baphambukele emaphethelweni ayo.
Njengoba usuqedile umsebenzi, isicabucabu sigcina indawo yaso enkabeni, sihlela imilenze yaso ngendlela efanele - imilenze emibili yangakwesobunxele nemilenze emibili yangakwesobunxele, kanjalo nemilenze emibili yangakwesobunxele nemilenze emibili yangakwesobunxele eduze kangangokuba ungasithatha lesi sinambuzane kude nencwadi X ebambeke kuwebhu. Ukudla kweBrynnichi argiope yi-Orthoptera, kepha isicabucabu asideleli enye into.
Esithombeni, iwebhu yemifino ngokuqina
Ukuqiniswa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-zigzag kukhombisa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, ngaleyo ndlela kubambe izisulu zesicabucabu. Ukudla ngokwako kuvame ukwenzeka emhlabathini, lapho isicabucabu sehlela khona, sishiya iwebhu, ukuze sidle endaweni eseceleni, ngaphandle kokubukela okungadingekile.
Ukusakazeka nokuphila isikhathi eside kwama-agriopes
Ngokushesha nje lapho ukuncibilika kudlula, okubonisa ukulungela kwabesifazane ukwataniswa, lesi senzo senzeka, ngoba i-chelicera yowesifazane isaqhubeka ithambile isikhathi esithile. Owesilisa uyazi kusengaphambili ukuthi lokhu kuzokwenzeka nini, ngoba angalinda isikhathi eside isikhathi esifanele, acashe endaweni ethile onqenqemeni lwewebhusayithi enkulu yowesifazane.
Ngemuva kokwenza ucansi, insikazi idla umlingani wayo ngokushesha. Kwakunezikhathi lapho owesilisa wakwazi ukuphunyuka ku-cocoon yewebhu, lapho i-females ifika, ngendiza, noma kunjalo, ukugoqa okulandelayo kungenzeka kubulale lowo onenhlanhla.
Lokhu kungenxa yokubakhona kwabesilisa abanezinyawo ezimbili kuphela, bedlala indima yezitho zokulingisa. Ngemuva kokuphola, elinye lalamalunga liyanyamalala, noma kunjalo, uma isicabucabu sikwazi ukuphunyula, kusasele esinye.
Ngaphambi kokulala, umama okhulelwe ulala ukhukhunathi omkhulu omnyama awubeke eduze kwenethi yokuzingela. Kulapho lapho ebeka khona wonke amaqanda, futhi isibalo sawo singafinyelela izingcezu ezingamakhulu ambalwa. Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho eseduzane, insikazi ivikela ngokucophelela ukhukhunathi.
Kepha, ngokusondela kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, insikazi ifa, ikhukhunathi likhona lingashintshiwe bonke ubusika futhi kuphela entwasahlobo lapho izicabucabu ziphuma ngaphandle, zihlala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. Njengomthetho, kulokhu bahamba emoyeni ngosizo lwama-cobwebs. Umjikelezo wokuphila we-bronchi argiope uhlala unyaka owodwa.