Kuzo zonke izithasiselo ezihlala ezwekazini lase-Afrika, inyoka enkulu (lat. Tragelaphus strepsiceros) ube nokubukeka okumangalisa kakhulu nokukhumbulekayo. Lezi zilwanyana ezinde nezinhle ngokubabazekayo zikhula zibe ngamamitha owodwa nesigamu emahlombe futhi zingaba nesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu amathathu, ngaleyo ndlela zingenye yezintaba ezinkulu emhlabeni.
Ikhaya labo lokuzalwa liyizingxenye ezisempumalanga nezisenkabeni ye-Afrika. Lapha, kuye ngesizini, bahlala emathafeni, emathafeni, emahlathini ambozwe izihlahlana, ngezikhathi ezithile amagquma asogwadule, futhi ngenkathi eyomile aqoqana ogwini lwemifula. Lapho ukhetha izindawo zokuhlala futhi afune ukudla, izinyoni ezinkulu zithanda imishanguzo ezifihla imifino, izingwe namabhubesi.
Uboya obumpunga obunsundu onsundu omkhulu buhlotshiswe ngemivimbo emhlophe egqamile ezinhlangothini, ukumaka okumhlophe esihlathini nemivimbo e-diagonal phakathi kwamehlo, okubizwa ngokuthi ama-chevrons. Izinwele zabesilisa zimnyama, zino-tint grey, kanti izinsikazi namawundlu apendiwe ngamathoni e-beige - lokhu kubenza bangabonakali kakhulu phakathi kwezimila ze-savannah.
Inzuzo enkulu yezinsikazi ezinkulu zamaqhugwane yizimpondo ezinkulu ezicijile ngokwesikali. Ngokungafani nezinyamazane, izidleke azilahlekelwa izimpondo zazo futhi zihlale nazo impilo yazo yonke. Izimpondo zowesilisa osekhulile ziguqulwa amahlandla amabili nesigamu futhi zikhula ngokuqinile ngohlelo oluthile: ziyavela ngonyaka wokuqala wempilo yowesilisa, ngeminyaka emibili zenza inguquko eyodwa ephelele, futhi zithatha ifomu lazo lokugcina lingaphansi kweminyaka eyisithupha ubudala. Uma uphondo olukhulu lweKudu lukhipha emgqeni owodwa oqondile, khona-ke ubude bawo buzoba ngaphansi kwamamitha amabili.
Izimpondo ezinkulu ziyindlela ethembekile yokuvikela ezilwazisayo nasempikiswaneni enkulu ngenkathi yokukhwelana, lapho abesilisa belwela ukunakwa kwabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, ukuziqhayisa ngokweqile kwesinye isikhathi kungaba nemiphumela emibi - abesilisa abambelela ngokuqinile ezimpondweni zabo abasakwazi ukuzikhulula, futhi lokhu kuholela ekufeni kwalezi zilwane zombili. Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, aziphazamisi impilo kaKudu, futhi uhamba kalula ngisho naphakathi kwezihlahla ezikhula eduze, ephakamisa isilevu sakhe bese ecindezela izimpondo zakhe ekhanda lakhe.
Iziduna ezinkulu zezinyamazane zihlala zodwa, zijoyina izinsikazi kuphela lapho zizala. Abesifazane abanamawundlu bahlanganiswa baba ngamaqembu amancane, ukusuka kwabathathu kuya kwabayishumi, bezama ukuchitha isikhathi esithe xaxa phakathi kwezihlahlana noma ngotshani obude. Imibala yabo evikelayo ibhekana kahle nendima yayo - iso kuphela eliqeqeshiwe futhi elikhuthele elingabona izitha zomile.
Iqhude elisabekayo liqala ukubhoboka endaweni yalo, liphendule izindlebe zalo ezinkulu ezibucayi, bese ligijimela ngasohlangothini ngokushesha. Ngasikhathi sinye, kwenza umsindo wokukhonkotha (ozwakala kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke izithsaba), uxwayisa abanye ngengozi.
Umsila omhlophe ojikeleza ngokushesha ubuye ne-alamu. Naphezu komzimba wazo onamandla, i-villa enkulu ingama-jumpers amahle kakhulu anganqoba izithiyo aze afike kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Ukucasha kumxosha futhi ugijime ibanga elifushane, uKudu uyama ukuze ahlole isimo. Kaningi, lo mkhuba uba yiphutha elibulalayo kuye.
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, izimpondo ezinkulu zikanokusho ziye zabhekwa njengedumela eligcinayo labazingeli abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba abeza e-Afrika ukuzolwa nobunzima ngalezi zinsimbi.
Lalelani izwi leKudu Antelope enezimpondo
Enye inhlabamkhosi enkulu yomsila omhlophe odonsayo. Lezi antelopes zigxuma kahle; ngisho nomzimba wazo omkhulu awuzikhathazi kulokhu. Bayakwazi ukuqaqa izithiyo ezingamamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Izinyoni ezinkulu zinomkhuba oyingqayizivele - ukusuka kude nokujaha, zigijime ibanga elithile bese ziyeka ukubuka. Lokhu kuziphatha kungabulala i -gulu.
Izwekazi lase-Afrika ligcina izilwane zasendle ezicebile ngokusebenzisa ogwadule lwazo, amasoseji, izigodi ezinkulu namahlathi. I-Afrika inesilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni (indlovu yase-Afrika) nesilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni (indlulamthi) emhlabeni. Kepha kunezinye izilwane eziningi ezithokozisayo zase-Afrika okudingeka wazi ngazo. Isibonelo, izilwane ezi-10 ezihle kakhulu ezitholakala e-Afrika kuphela.
Isithombe Harvey Barrison flickr.com
Amaqiniso Ahehayo mayelana neBig Kudu
IGreater Kudu iyindidane emangalisa odabuka eMpumalanga naseNingizimu Afrika. Ihlala emahlathini ase-savannah kanye nemithambeka enamadwala.
Lesi esinye sezintambo ezinde kakhulu emhlabeni. Izimpondo ezisontekile kahle zitholakala kuphela kwabesilisa abesilisa. Izimpondo zazo zingaba yimitha eyi-1 ubude ngama-2 no-1/2 ukusonta. Abesilisa basebenzisa izimpondo zabo ezinde ukuze bazivikele kubazingeli.
Abesilisa banobude bomzimba obu-2 kuya ku-2,5 wamamitha futhi banesisindo esingama-315 kg. Abesifazane bancane kunabesilisa. Ubude bawo ngamamitha ayi-1.85-2.3, nesisindo esingama-215 kg.
Amaqhugwane amakhulu anejazi elinombala onsundu ngokunamathisela amhlophe angama-5-12. Zibuye zibe nomucu omhlophe ohlukile phakathi kwamehlo.
Lezi zintshane ziyizilwane zenhlalo. Abesifazane benza amaqembu aqukethe abantu abangama-25. Abesilisa bajoyina amaqembu kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Le nhlobo enkulu ye-antelope idla kakhulu ngamaqabunga, amakhambi, izithelo nezimbali. Endle, izidleke ezinkulu ziphila iminyaka eyi-7, futhi ekudingisweni, zingaphila iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20.
I-Ostrich (i-Struthio camelus)
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngezintshe
Izinyoni ezingandizayo, izintshe ziyizinyoni ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Zinobude obungu-2 kuya ku-2.7 m futhi zinesisindo esingama-160 kg. Ama-Ostriches atholakala ema-savannah kanye nasehlane le-Central neNingizimu Afrika.
Ama-Ostriches abizwa nangokuthi “izinyoni zamakamela” ngoba ayakwazi ukumelana nokushisa futhi aphile isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwamanzi.
Izimpaphe ezithobekile futhi ezibushelelezi zezinsini ezindala zabesilisa zimnyama futhi umsila wazo umhlophe. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izintokazi zinombala we-izimpunga onsundu. Intamo yezintshezi yinde futhi yeze.
Ngemilenze emide emide, izintshe zingafinyelela isivinini esikhulu samakhilomitha angama-69 ngehora. Umlenze ngamunye wezintshe unezici ezibukhali kakhulu. Imilenze yabo inamandla ngokwanele ukubulala umuntu ngokushaya okukodwa. Ama-Ostriches asebenzisa imilenze njengesixhobo sabo esiyisisekelo ukuze azivikele kwizinyamazane ezingaba khona njengamabhubesi, izingwe, izingulule namaphisi.
Ama-Ostriches ahlala emihlanjini emincane equkethe abantu abangu-10-12. 15 cm ubude ubukhulu bamaqanda amakhulu emhlabeni abekwa izintshe. Lezi zinyoni ezinkulu zingama-omnivores, futhi zidla ngamaqabunga, izimpande, imbewu, izibungu, izinambuzane nezinyoka. Ama-Ostriches nawo afaka amatshe amatshe amatshe amancane okugaya ukudla esiswini.
I-Kitoglav (Balaeniceps rex)
Amaqiniso athakazelayo ngomkhomo
Enye yezinyoni ezimangazayo emhlabeni yile. Le nyoni inomlomo omkhulu ongakhula ube ngu-22 cm. Le nyoni emangazayo itholakala kuphela ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-East Africa.
Amakhanda we-Whale angolunye uhlobo olungabekwa engcupheni maduze. Ukulahleka kwe-Habitat nokuzingela kuyingozi enkulu kubo.
Amakhanda amakhulu emikhomo angafika ku-120 cm ubude futhi abe nesisindo kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-6 kg. Zinezinsiba ezimpunga ezimnyama namaphiko abanzi.
Ama-whaleheads angabahlaseli abahlasela abaqamekeli, okusho ukuthi bahlala bengashukumi kuze kube yilapho inyamazane isondela kubo. Bese benza ukuhlaselwa okuyisimanga besebenzisa umlomo wabo onamandla. Ukudla kwezinkukhu kuqukethe izibankwa, izimfudu, izinyoka zamanzi namagundane.
Futhi, i-whalehead ingenye yezinyoni ezihlala zodwa emhlabeni. Ngemuva kwakho konke, bahlangana kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhwelana.
I-Wildebeest (i-Connochaetes)
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana nenyama yasendle
Okufanayo ekuqaleni kokubona inkunzi, izilwane zasendle empeleni zingezomndeni wezinyoni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukahlukene zalezi antelope - inyoni yasendle emnyama kanye ne-wildebeest eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zitholakala e-Afrika kuphela. Zihlala emahlathini avulekile namathafa aluhlaza.
I-Wildebeest ingafinyelela ku-2,5 m ubude futhi inesisindo esifinyelela kuma-275 kg. Bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane bezilwane zasendle zinezimpondo. Lezi zilwane zihlala emihlambini emikhulu.
Phakathi kukaMeyi noJuni, lapho imithombo yokudla incipha, izilwane zasendle zithuthela enyakatho. Iqembu lokufuduka liqukethe abantu abayizigidi eziyi-1,1-1,5. Zibuye zihambisane nezinkulungwane zamadube nezinsephe. Lokhu kuthutha okukhulu kakhulu kwezilwane ezincelisayo emhlabeni.
I-Wildebeest yakwazi ukuhamba ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-50 ngosuku olulodwa. Ngesikhathi sokufuduka, ama-antelopes amboza ibanga elingaba yi-1000-1600 km.
Kakhulu ukudla kwasendle kudla utshani obufishane. Amabhubesi, izingulule, imifino nezinja zasendle kuyizitha zazo eziphambili.
I-Mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx)
Amaqiniso Anomdla weMandaril
IMandrill uhlobo olukhulu kakhulu lwenkawu emhlabeni. Zinobude bomzimba obungu-60 kuya ku-90 cm, futhi zinesisindo esingama-38 kg. AmaMandrill ahlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo namahlathi asezindaweni eziphansi eNtshonalanga naseCentral Africa.
Ngokuqinisekile ziphakathi kwezinkawu ezikhanya kakhulu emhlabeni. Zinezinduna eziminyene, eziluhlaza okotshani zomnqumo kanye nengxenye yesisu esisempunga. Impumulo ende enhle ye-mandrill inomucu obomvu. Abesilisa bakhulu futhi banemibala egqamile kunabesifazane.
AmaMandrill ayizilwane ezenhlalo ngokweqile, futhi ahlala emaqenjini amakhulu aqukethe abantu abangama-200.
Ngaphezu kombala nosayizi, lezi zinkawu zinamaphiko amade akhula abe amasentimitha angama-63,5. Asebenzisa amafangs awo amakhulu ukusongela izinyamazane.
Ama-Mandrill ayasebenza ngesikhathi sasemini. Zinezikhwama zezihlathi ukugcina ukudla okuqoqayo. Zi-omnivores futhi zidla izithelo, imbewu, izinambuzane, amaqanda kanye nezibungu.
I-Lemurs (i-Lemuriformes)
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngama-lemurs
I-Lemurs ziyizimfanelo ezinhle ezitholakala kuphela, ogwini olusempumalanga yeNingizimu Afrika. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingama-30 ezahlukahlukene zama-lemurs, futhi zonke zazo ziyinkinga eMadagascar.
ILemur Madame Berthe (Microcebus berthae), enesisindo esingama-30 g kuphela, iyisidalwa esincane kunazo zonke emhlabeni, futhi i-Indri (Indri indri) ilimu elikhulu kunazo zonke eliphilayo elinesisindo esingama-9.5 kg.
Ama-lemurs amaningi angamakhosi, okusho ukuthi bachitha isikhathi sabo esiningi bahlala ezihlahleni. Umsila wezinhlobo eziningi ze-lemur nazo zinde kunomzimba wazo.
I-Lemurs yizilwane zenhlalo ezihlala ngamaqembu. Basebenzisa imisindo ephakeme namamaki wokuhogela ukuxhumana nabanye. Banomqondo omkhulu wokuzwa nokuzwa iphunga.
Ama-lemurs abizwa ngesinye sezilwane ezihlakaniphe kakhulu emhlabeni. Baziwa ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi futhi banekhono lokufunda amaphethini.
- okuwukuphela komdli wemvelo we-lemurs. Ukudla kwama lemurs kuqukethe izithelo, amantongomane, amaqabunga nezimbali.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka .
Ukubukeka
Izinwele zabesilisa zenziwe ngombala onsomi onsundu, futhi kwabesilisa nasezinyamazana ezincane ngombala okhanyayo ngombala. U-Kudu uvolo unemivimbo emithandathu kuya kweyishumi emile. Ama-Kudu anezindlebe ezinkulu, eziyindilinga futhi kwesinye isikhathi anomsila omude. Emadodeni, izimpondo ezinkulu ezinamacembe zikhula emakhanda azo, zifinyelela osayizi abafinyelela kumitha eyi-1. Ukubukeka okuvela emuva kufana nezinsikazi ezingenazimpondo. Ubukhulu lapho babuna bubalelwa ku-1.40 m, futhi ubude bubalelwa ku-2.20 m. Iziduna zifinyelela isisindo esifinyelela kuma-250 kg, izinsikazi - zifinyelela kuma-200 kg. Ngaphandle, kulula ukudidanisa iGreater Kudu nodadewabo Nyala, ngaphezu kwalokho, amabanga abo ahlukaniswe ngokwengxenye.
Ukuziphatha
Imvamisa, izidleke ezinkulu zihlala emaqenjini acishe angafuduki, ahlanganisa izilwane ezintathu kuya kweziyishumi. Amaqembu anjalo ahlala endaweni engaba amakhilomitha angama-50. Abesilisa bakha amaqembu ahlukile ama-bachelor noma bahlala bodwa futhi bajoyine abesifazane kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala. Njengomthetho, ngenkathi yezimvula, kuzalwa iwundlu elilodwa, elinesisindo esingama-16 kg. Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, i-mj iyasebenza emini nasebusuku. Ukudla kwabo kuqukethe amahlamvu kanye namagatsha amancane, kuyilapho kungakhethi kakhulu. Izidleke ezinkulu nazo zidla izitshalo ezinye izilwane ezigwema ngenxa yokuthi zinobuthi. Isilinganiso sokuphila kwabantu besilisa cishe siyiminyaka eyi-8, izinsikazi zivame ukusinda ziye eminyakeni eyi-15.
Ukulandela okulandelayo
I-Greater Kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) amafomu angama-5
- T. strepsiceros strepsiceros
- T. strepsiceros bea
- T. strepsiceros burlacei
- T. strepsiceros chora
- T. strepsiceros zambesiensis
Izinsongo
Izixuku ezinkulu eMpumalanga naseNingizimu Afrika zithathwa njengezisengozini. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izindawo ubukhona baso busengozini. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulu ezindaweni ezisenyakatho kakhulu zokusatshalaliswa kwawo emazweni anjenge-Ethiopia, iSomalia, iSudan neChad. Ngaphezu komuntu, izitha zakhe zifaka izingwe, amabhubesi, izingwenya kanye nezinja ze-hyenoid. Imvamisa amaqhubu amakhulu azama ukucasha ezingozini ezihlahleni. Uma lokhu kwehluleka, bayakwazi ukuthuthukisa isivinini esikhulu sokuphunyuka ngendiza. Ngasikhathi sinye, angagxuma izithiyo aze afike ku-3 m ukuphakama futhi imvamisa awamiswa ngocingo olubekwe ngabalimi.