Lwa ne-algae nge-hydrogen peroxide. Kukhona amakhemikhali afanele ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa ku-aquarium. Kuyathengiswa, kuthengiswa kuwo wonke ama-pharmacies ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela, futhi konke lokhu kuhlanganiswa kungamanzi nomoya-mpilo - i-hydrogen peroxide. Iqoqo le-hydrogen peroxide solution, esingalithola ekhemisi, imvamisa liyi-3%. Yilokhu okuhlushwa okulungele ukusetshenziswa kwe-aquarium. Umthamo we-hydrogen peroxide ngu-0,05-0.4 wevolumu ye-aquarium (umthamo we-aquarium, kumalitha x 0.05 = umthamo nsuku zonke, ml). Nge-3% peroxide, lokhu kunika i-1.5-12 mg / L. I-hydrogen peroxide kulolu hlaka iphephe ngokuphelele ikholomu yamagciwane enhlabathini nesihlungi.

Indlela ephumelelayo nephephile yokwenza sanatize izitshalo ezifweni zezinhlanzi futhi uqede wonke ama-algae, ngisho namaVietnam. Idosi - 1.5 mg / l, 6-10 mg / l kungenzeka. I-algae ejwayelekile, efana nentambo, ifa ngokushesha, bese intshebe emnyama idinga ukwenziwa kabusha ngosuku olulandelayo, futhi ifa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-bleach nge-chlorine kunobuthi obuningi futhi kuyadabukisa izitshalo nezinhlanzi. I-Peroxide ingabuye isetshenziselwe ukwelapha yonke i-aquarium ngokuhambisana nendlela yokufiphala. Yenza ukujikeleza kwamanzi okuqinile, futhi ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa kwenziwa ushintsho lwamanzi olukhulu.

Kuphephile kubhekwa njengokugxila okufika ku-15 mg / l amahora angama-48. Ekugxileni okunjalo, kuphephile ngokuphelele ikoloni lamagciwane emhlabathini bese kuhlunga. Izinhlanzi zivame ukubekezelela umthamo ka-30 ml ngamalitha ayi-100 ngaphandle kokulimala, kepha i-peroxide isabalalisa ngokushesha izindikimba eziningi, ezicishe zisuse yonke i-oksijini emanzini, ngakho-ke qaphela inhlanzi futhi usebenzise imisinga eqinile nokusiza! Uma, lapho kusetshenziswa i-peroxide, kuvela ama-bublue kwiziponji zokuhlunga, izindonga ze-aquarium, izinhlanzi nezitshalo, lokhu kusho ukuthi umthamo wawuphezulu. Ukubukeka okubonakala kungabonakali kwama-bubble kumafiltha wokufakelwa kuvunyelwe.

Ungashiyi i-aquarium inganakekelwa. Uma izinhlanzi ziqala ukuphefumula kanzima, shintsha ngokushesha u-50% wamanzi bese uvula amandla. Enye ingozi yemithamo ephezulu ye-peroxide enokuqongelela okukhulu kwe-algae kanye / noma izidalwa ezindala ku-aquarium ukukhululwa okukhulu kwe-ammonia NH4 / ammonia NH3 ne-NO2 nitrites ngokushesha ngemuva kokufaka isicelo. Lokhu kungadala ukufa kwezinhlanzi. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwe-nitrate ne-phosphate ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo. Kungcono ukwethula umthamo we-6-10 mg / l, wenze inkambo eqinile nge-aeration, kuthi ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ungene esikhundleni sama-50% wamanzi. Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa umuthi, susa ngangokunokwenzeka i-algae efayo futhi kaningi futhi ushintshe amanzi.

Uma i-aquarium yakho inezitshalo zakho ozithandayo, khona-ke awukwazi ukudlula umthamo we-20 ml ngamalitha ayi-100 kanye ngosuku. Uma weqa umthamo we-15 mg / l peroxide, uzobulala izitshalo eziningi ezinde ezinamaqabunga asikiwe. Izitshalo ezinama-hard-leved zingahlengwa kaningi kusixazululo esilungiselelwe ngokwehlukile se-peroxide sika-40 ml ngamalitha ayi-100, imizuzu engama-40-60. Umphumela we-glutaraldehyde ezitshalweni ezinde ezinesihlahla uthambile. Ukunaka ama-cichlid! Ku-pH ephezulu (> 7.2-7.5), umphumela we-peroxide uyingozi kakhulu, ngoba nge-pH ephezulu ingxenye enkulu ye-ammonia NH4 iguqulwa iguqulwe ibe yi-ammonia NH3, okuyingozi ephindwe kayishumi!

I-Glutaraldehyde. Umsizi omkhulu ekunakekelweni kwe-aquarium enezitshalo yi-glutaraldehyde. Akuwona nje kuphela umthombo we-CO2 wezitshalo, oshibhile ngokushintshashintsha kokuhlushwa (kushukumisela ukukhula kwe-algae), kodwa futhi ne-algicide enamandla futhi engenangozi ngokuphelele (ibulala i-algae). Ngokukufaka ku-aquarium, uzocindezela i-algae, futhi, "ugobe isandla sakho" ukwenza umthamo ofanele womanyolo, ulawule ukunikezwa kwe-CO2, ukujwayela ukuqondiswa kwezinguquko zamanzi nokusika kwezitshalo ngesikhathi. Uma ufunda, uzodinga kuphela ukusheshisa ukulahlwa kwe-algae ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqala i-aquarium entsha noma cha.

Muva nje, iSeachem Flourish Excel (glutaraldehyde) isetshenziselwe ukulawula i-algae futhi ibonakala isebenza kakhulu ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezithile ze-algae. Ukuze ushaye i-algae kakhulu, ungadonsa ngokwemiyalo, noma kabili noma kathathu emavikini amabili. I-Excel ikakhulukazi ibulala i-algae ebomvu, kepha inomphumela kuCladophora, Staghorn, filament.

I-Excel ithinta kabi ezinye izitshalo - i-Egeria densa, iRiccia, iVallisneria. Abanye babika imiphumela ye-Excel ku-shrimp ne-otocinclus. Ngomthamo ofanele, i-glutaraldehyde izosiza ukuqeda yonke i-algae, ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ngaphandle kwemiphumela elimazayo yezitshalo eziphakeme kakhulu, izinhlanzi, ama-invertebrates, ngaphandle kokulimaza ukuhlunga kwamagciwane. Okunye okubalulekile ukuthi ukwengezwa kwe-glutaraldehyde akukuthinti i-pH yamanzi asemanzini.

Njengomuthi osebenzayo, kusetshenziswa isisombululo se-2,5% se-glutaraldehyde - into esetshenziswayo ejwayelekile esetshenziselwa kwezokwelapha nodokotela wamazinyo wokubulala inzalo kwamathuluzi, kanye nasekuhlelweni kwamalungiselelo e-electron microscopy. Yizinto eziqine kakhulu ze-antiseptic ze-glutaraldehyde ezibonakalayo ezinikeza umphumela we-algicidal. I-Glutaraldehyde ilungele ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside endaweni ejwayelekile ejwayelekile, kanye nokwelashwa kwesikhathi esisodwa sokubekela izitshalo izitshalo ukuze kuqedwe i-algae, iminenke, amaqanda, noma izifo ezahlukahlukene. Inzuzo eyengeziwe yale ndlela ukuthi i-glutaraldehyde ingumenzeli wokunciphisa futhi isiza ukuvikela i-iron ku-oxidation.

I-Glutaraldehyde ekuqaleni iba matasa kakhulu, kepha ngokushesha ilahlekelwa ngumsebenzi ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi ngokufakwa kwento ekhethekile yokuqalisa, enikezwe embizeni ehlukile. Ukwenza kusebenze kuyadingeka kuphela inzalo yemishini yezokwelapha, lapho isetshenziswa e-aquarium, asiyidingi, futhi isixazululo se-glutaraldehyde 2,5 ngokwayo singagcinwa iminyaka emi-2. Ngakho-ke, njengoba sesithenge amalitha ama-5. umgoqo we-Cidex (kubalulekile ukuthi ungenzi iphutha lapha - kukhona ne-Cidex OPA lapho esikhundleni se-glutaraldehyde umgomo osebenzayo ohluke ngokuphelele) ungagcinwa isikhathi esingenamkhawulo.

Ngokusebenzisa kwansuku zonke kwe-5 ml ngamalitha ayi-100, ukufa okuqaphelekayo kwe-algae ehlala ngamanani amakhulu e-aquarium akwenzeki. Zonke izinhlanzi zizizwa zizinhle. Ngicabanga ukuthi lo muthi ungasetshenziswa kuphela njengento yokuvimbela. Ngesicelo sansuku zonke esingu-12 ml ngamalitha ayi-100, i-algae eluhlaza inyamalala ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10. I-Glass aquarium empeleni ayikhukeli lutho, uma kungekho luhlaza okotshani. Inhlanzi izizwa imnandi. Ngikholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukusebenzisa umthamo onjalo isikhathi eside.

Ngesicelo sezinsuku ezingama-20 ml ngamalitha ayi-100, wonke ama-algae afa zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-5-7, ngaphandle kokuluhlaza okotshani nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ezinye izinhlanzi ziqala ukukhombisa izimpawu ezibandayo zokuthi indlala komoya-mpilo ingakapheli amahora angama-3-5 ngemuva kokwenza umuthi. Ngifaka ukuthi izinhlanzi zibekezelela imithamo emikhulu ye-glutaraldehyde kangcono kakhulu uma ungangezi konke ngasikhathi sinye, kepha kancane kancane. Uma umgomo uwukulwa ne-algae, imvamisa ingxenye yesilinganiso somuthi nsuku zonke isetshenziswa ngokushesha, bese okusele kune-dropper amahora amaningi.

I-Cidex ingeniswa njalo ekuseni lapho ukukhanya kukhanyiselwe (glutaraldehyde e-aquarium disintegrates nge-50% emahoreni ayi-12, inyamalale ngokuphelele ngemuva kwamahora angama-48), ifaka

Indlela yokuthoba. Umsuka wayo ukwenza mnyama ngokuphelele i-aquarium izinsuku ezintathu, uvule i-aeration bese ucisha ukuhanjiswa kwe-CO2. Lokhu kubulala i-algae lapho, futhi izitshalo zihlala zingalimazi ngokuphelele. Lokhu kugxoba isigqi se-diurnal se-algae, futhi uma kungekho-photosynthesis, ngaphandle kokuthola izakhi zomzimba, bafa ngokushesha. Ngasikhathi sinye, iCaridina multidentata ne-Otocinclus (ubumnyama akuyona isithiyo kubo) badla i-algae ebukhoma futhi ibolile, ibavimbele ekusakazeni izinhlamvu ezintsha. Ngale ndlela, awukwazi ukubulala i-algae unomphela. Ama-algal spores asinda emazingeni aphansi kakhulu wokukhanya, futhi angaphila ebumnyameni obugcwele kuze kufike unyaka owodwa. Uma ku-aquarium kuzobuye kube khona ukungalingani kanye ne-biomass encane yezitshalo - i-algae izobuyela.

Izitshalo eziphakeme, njengoba ziphikelela kakhudlwana ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, ziyaphila, kepha izinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu kufanele zisuswe ku-aquarium. Vele, izinhlanzi ziyaqhubeka bondliwa ngalesi sikhathi, kodwa ukuze kudliwe konke ukudla. Kungashiwo ukuthi ukufiphaliswa okumnyama ngokuphelele kwe-aquarium izinsuku eziningana kuyindlela yomhlaba wonke yokulawula i-algae, kuyilapho izitshalo eziphakeme, kanti eziningi zisinda, bese zikhula. Ukuthuthuka okuphambili kwendlela yokufiphaza ukwethulwa kweSeachem Flourish Excel noma iGlutaraldehyde. Phambilini i-hydrogen peroxide yayisetshenziselwa injongo efanayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikela nge-Excel / Glutaraldehyde uma ungenayo iCaridina multidentata noma i-Red cherry.

Ungafaka mnyama i-aquarium ngendwangu emnyama kakhulu, izikhwama zodoti ezimnyama ezingqekweni ezimbili noma ezintathu. • 1) Susa ngomshini we-algae amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka, unqume amaqabunga akhula kakhulu. • 2) Hlanza isihlungi. Uma phansi kwakukhona i-algae eluhlaza okotshani - i-siphon. • 3) Shintsha amanzi ngo-50%. • 4) Vala ukukhanya, i-CO2 supply, vula i-aeration (edingekayo). • 5) Yenza ukuhamba kahle kwamanzi. • 6) Yenza mnyama i-aquarium ngokuphelele. • I-7) Thela i-Seachem Excel ku-8 ml ngama-50 l amanzi, eGlutaraldehyde ekugxileni okufanayo (akukho ngaphezu kwe-5 mg / l, noma i-hydrogen peroxide ukufika ku-15 mg / l). Musa ukweqa umthamo we-Excel / Glutaraldehyde - uzobulala i-shrimp nenhlanzi. • Ngosuku olulandelayo, shintsha ama-50% amanzi bese uphinde ufake i-Excel / Glutaraldehyde / Peroxide. • 9) Ngosuku lwesithathu ngokufanayo. 10) • Ngosuku lwesine, kukhanyise ukukhanya, ukulethwa kwe-CO2 (kukhuphuke kancane, ngaphezulu kwezinsuku eziningana!), Engeza i-nitrogen / phosphorus ukubuyisela amandla ezitshalo. Izinhlanzi azisabeli ebumnyameni nganoma iyiphi indlela.

Uma kunama-algae amaningi afile kuyo yonke i-aquarium, kuhle ukubakhulisa ngenethi, ukuqoqa udoti kusuka ebusweni bomhlabathi, bese uhlanza isihlungi ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ukuvimbela ukukhishwa kwe-ammonia / ammonia. Musa ukwenza mnyama i-aquarium izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu, uma kungenjalo uzolahlekelwa izitshalo eziningi, ikakhulukazi ezinde ezinesihlahla! Ukusetshenziswa kwe-hydrogen peroxide noma i-glutaraldehyde, nenani elikhulu le-algae, e-aquarium kuhambisana nokukhululwa okulandelayo kwe-NO2 ne-ammonium NH4 (futhi nge-pH ephezulu kakhulu i-ammonia NH3 yakheka) kusuka ezicutshweni zokubola, ezingadala ubuthi bezinhlanzi nama-invertebrates. Ungacimi i-biofilter, uvame ukushintsha amanzi, futhi ususe ulwelwe oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Impumelelo esheshayo ekulweni kwe-algae ingatholakala ngama-antibhayiki kanye nodayi abahlukahlukene. Ukuhlanganiswa kwalezi zinto ngezinye izikhathi kunikeza umphumela omuhle kakhulu. I-Algicide nayo akuyona ipanacea. Kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela njengendawo yokugcina, futhi noma ngabe, ngeshwa, ngeke ikwazi ukuba nomthelela olindelekile. Kodwa-ke, zilimaza kakhulu kunokuhle: esikhathini esiningi kumithamo esebenza ku-algae zilimaza izinhlanzi nezitshalo ngokususa i-algae, azisusi imbangela yokuvela kwazo futhi emva kwesikhashana konke kuzophinde kwenzeke, kubhubhisa umphakathi wamagciwane anikeza umjikelezo we-nitrogen. E-aquarium yezitshalo, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali “anokhahlo” awathandeki, ngoba lokhu kungalimaza izitshalo. Kepha, noma kunjalo, kubathandi bokuhlolwa:

Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane (i-penicillin, i-bicillin-5, i-streptomycin, i-erythromycin) ezimweni eziningi kuyasebenza kakhulu, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ukusetshenziswa kwe elinye lala ma-antibiotic kunikeza umphumela ongcono. Umuthi olwa namagciwane kufanele ukhethwe ngokuqokwa. Kuhle

Incazelo

Ezindongeni ezinendawo yemvelo eyenziwe kahle, ukhula lukhona ngamanani amancane. Kuyafaneleka ukukhathazeka lapho ubhekana nokukhula kwabo ngokushesha. Imvamisa ezindongeni ze-aquarium kuba nokuqhuma okuluhlaza, izindlela zokubhekana nazo okuxoxwa ngazo engxenyeni ehlukile. Ukuze ulwe nezitshalo eziphansi ezise-aquarium, kubalulekile ukunquma uhlobo lwe-algae. Ngakho-ke uqinisekisiwe ukuthi uzosusa imfucumfucu enesihlwathi futhi ungabalimazi abanye abahlali bendawo yokugcina amanzi.

Izizathu zokubukeka

1. Ukwephula noma ukuntuleka kwe-biobalance. Uma i-aquarium inezinga eliphakeme lezinto eziphilayo (utshani obolile, obungaqondakali, imfucuza yezinhlanzi nokudla okusele), ukhula lunemithombo eminingi yokudla okunempilo. Ukweqisa kwendaba yokuphilayo kuvela ekuphindaphindeni kwabantu abaningi, ukugcinwa okungajwayelekile kwe-aquarium kanye nezinhlanzi ezidlulela ngokweqile.
2. Ukusala noma ukusweleka kwe-phosphorus kanye ne-nitrate. Izimbali eziphakeme azikwazi ukubhekana nokuningi komanyolo, ngakho ama-phosphates nama-nitrate adliwa yi-algae. Futhi ukuntuleka kwezakhi kwenza indawo ekahle yokhula.
3. Ukwehla noma ukuntuleka kokukhanya. Ngokukhanya kosuku olude, i-greenery ephansi idonsa ukukhanya okweqile, futhi izitshalo ziba buthaka. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya, nakho kudala izimo zokusakazwa kwezinye izinhlobo zokhula.
4. Uhla olungalungile lwamalambu. Izimbali eziphakeme zidinga ukukhanya kwamanani we-blue and red spectrum. Ukhula lithanda ukukhanya okufudumele okuphuzi okunikezwe ngamalambu e-incandescent nemisebe yelanga.

Onsundu noma ama-diatoms

I-brown algae ivela njengotshani ezindongeni ze-aquarium, amaqabunga kanye nenhlabathi. Akunangozi yezimbali nezilwane. Imvamisa ivela ku-aquarium yabaqalayo ngenxa ye-biobalance engazinzi kanye nokuntuleka kokukhanya. I-Aquarium algae izalela emanzini alukhuni nge-pH ngenhla kwe-7.5. Ukuvimbela ukukhula, buyisela isibani endaweni enamandla amakhulu noma engeza omunye umthombo wokukhanya. Uma ungasuli ukumboza oku-brown, kuzolala ungqimba olunzima, okunzima ukulusingatha.

I-algae ebomvu noma i-algae emnyama

Zikhula ngoxhaxha oluphuzi, onsomi noma obomvu ngombala ngokuphakama okungaba ngu-5 mm. Yaziwa nangokuthi ubomvu. Zikhula kuzo zonke izindawo, kusawoti nasemanzini amasha. Izihlahla ezibomvu ezibomvu azinakukhipha. Bathanda amanzi alukhuni nge-yamanje eqinile. Ukulungiselela kweGlutaraldehyde kuyasebenza ngokuphumelelayo kubo ngokuhlanganiswa nezinguquko zamasonto onke zamanzi ezifika ku-50% nokuhlanzwa ngokuphelele.

Intshebe emnyama

Ikhula ngamaqhubu amnyama. "Intshebe" ivame ukudidaniswa ne- "Vietnamese", okungelona iphutha elikhulu, ngoba izindlela zokususa imifino yokuhlwabanisa ziyefana. Uma uqaphela ukuthi kunezinwele ezimnyama ziye zavela ezitshalweni e-aquarium, hlola i-athikili ngezindlela zokulwa nentshebe emnyama.

Kuyini ulwelwe

Ama-aquarists amaningi aqala ukuthi zonke izimila ze-aquarium zihlala zilwelwe. Lo mbono unephutha. Izitshalo ezikhula ku-aquarium zingabameli abaphezulu kakhulu bezitshalo zombuso: ama-ferns, ama-mosses notshani. I-algae (algoflora) ifaka phakathi izindlela zokuphila eziphansi.

Leli yiqembu elikhulu le-heterogenible elihlanganisa izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezingama-unicellular, ama-multicellular kanye ne-colonia zezinto eziphilayo ezihlala ikakhulu endaweni yasemanzini. Akuzona zonke izitshalo.

Aziveli ndawo, kepha ziwela esitsheni esinamanzi, izilwane ezintsha, amasampula ezitshalo, ukudla, amatshe, izingodo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo zezinhlobo ezivamile zihlala zikhona emoyeni.

I-algae e-aquarium ingabulala izitshalo.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, ukukhula kwabo okusebenzayo kuqala, okuphumela ku:

• ukukhanga kobuhle be-aquarium kuyaphazamiseka,
• amafomu e-plaque ebusweni bangaphakathi bezindonga, amanzi aba ngamafu, aluhlaza okotshani noma ophuzi,
• kuvela iphunga elingathandeki
• okokuhlunga okuhlanganisiwe
• izitshalo nezinhlanzi ziyafa.

Ukunwetshwa kwe-Algal kukhombisa ikhwalithi yamanzi ephansi, ukungalingani ku-biocenosis.

Kunezinhlobo futhi ezilusizo ezingama-biofilters, ama-substrates wokuhlanza nokuzala bukhoma, indawo yokukhosela nefry. Amanye ama-macroalgae asetshenziswa ku-aquascaping.

Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene ze-Aquarium Algae

Kunamashumi ezinkulungwane zezinhlobonhlobo ze-algae.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-aquarium:

• ama-diatoms
• nsundu
• luhlaza
• obomvu (obomvu),
• oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (cyanobacteria).

Ukuzikhethela kwendlela ephumelelayo yokulawula i-algae e-aquarium kuya ngokuthi okungelabo elinye lamaqembu we-taxonomic.

Imvamisa, ama-diatoms akha ezindaweni zasemanzini ezingakhanyisiwe futhi zithinta izitshalo.

Ama-diatoms

Ziyizinto eziphilayo ezinemicroscopic unicellular ezihlanganiswa negobolondo le-silicon. Kwesinye isikhathi kuhlanganiswe emakoloni. Uyakwazi ukufihla umunyu. Imvamisa kakhulu inamathela ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, ezakha uhlaza obumnyama, ophuzi noma amabala ansundu, ahlangana ekwakhekeni okukhulu. Ngokuvamile kutholakala kuma-aquariums amasha. Akhula kahle ezimeni zokukhanya eziphansi.

Ukuqeda ama-diatoms kungaba yinkohliso. Kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa ukukhanya, ukugcina izinga lokushisa ku-+ 25 ° C, ukufeza izinguquko zamanzi, indawo ehlanzekile, ulungise izinga lama-siltiv (khipha amatshe okuhlobisa, usebenzise isihlungi esikhethekile).

UBrown

I-brown algae e-aquarium ezitshalweni.

Bajwayele ukudidaniswa nama-diatoms, yize bemelela isigaba esihlukile. Lezi izidalwa ze-flagellum, esinye sezigaba zokuthuthuka zazo okuyindlela ye-multicellular. Zihlala ikakhulu ezilwandle, kepha kunezinhlobo eziningana zamanzi ahlanzekile. Umbala wabo unqunywa yi-brown pigment ntho, edlula eminye imibala.

Zitholakala kaningi, ikakhulukazi kuma-aquacenoses asemancane. Bakha umucu omdaka onsundu engilazini, ematsheni, kwizibhaxu, ezintweni zokuhlobisa, ezitshalweni. Ukukhetha okungalungile kokukhanyisa kungavusa ukuthuthuka kwabo. I-Plaque isuswa ngomshini nangosizo lwabahlanza abaphilayo.

Izinhlobo ze-aquarium algae enesithombe

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-algae. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu! Ngezansi kunama-algae ajwayelekile kakhulu, izizathu zokubonakala kwawo e-aquarium kanye nezici ngazinye zokuxazulula izinkinga nazo.

Kepha, ukuhlukaniswa kokuqala. Ngokuphathelene nobuningi be-algal mass, bahlukaniswa nje ngombala we-thallus (thallus) ku:

- Ama-Diatoms - I-Diatomeae,
- I-brown algae - I-Phaeophceae,
- I-algae eluhlaza - I-Chlorophceae,
- I-algae eluhlaza okotshani - I-Xantophceae,
- I-red algae - iRhodophceae,
- I-Golden Algae - I-Chrysophceae,
- I-algae eluhlaza okotshani - I-Cynophceae,

Luhlaza

Lo mnyango wezitshalo eziphansi ufaka zombili izidalwa ezingama-unicellular neze-multicellular. Isici esahlukile ubukhona be-chlorophyll, enikeza umbala oluhlaza wamaseli. Iningi labamele libonisa indlela yokuphila enamathiselwe kuphela ekuqaleni kwentuthuko, bese bethula kwikholomu yamanzi.

Kubonakala ngendlela yokwakheka kwamaphuzu, ifilimu eluhlaza odongeni noma phansi, imicu, amathangi. Izimo ezifanele zokukhula kwazo umkhuhlane, amahora amade okukhanya kosuku, inqwaba yomoya ongcolile, ama-phosphates ne-nitrate.

Luhlaza okotshani

Lezi yizinto ezingamagciwane ezinamandla we-photosynthesis. Umnyango we-cyanobacteria ubandakanya amafomu angenabala, amakoloni, angcolile. Umbala wazo uhluka kusuka eluhlaza okotshani kuya kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Bakha inhlanganisela eluhlaza entethekayo engilazini, enhlabathini, ezitshalweni, oyimbangela enkulu yokuqhakaza kwamanzi, bakhiphe iphunga eliyisilo elingathandeki, basebenzise imvelo yasemanzini. Ezinye izinhlobo zikhipha ubuthi.

Ama-algae aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka akhiwa ngenxa yokungcoliswa okuvamile kwamanzi asemanzini nangaphezulu kokukhanya.

Ukukhula okusebenzayo kwezinto eziphilayo kubangelwa izizathu ezahlukahlukene:

1. Izidalwa ezingaphezulu ngenxa yokudla ngokweqile kwezinhlanzi.
2. Izinga le-pH ngu-7.5-9.5.
3. I-aeration enganele.
4. Ukukhanya okukhulu.
5. Ukwanda lokushisa kwamanzi.
6. Umanyolo we-phosphate owengeziwe.

Ukucindezela umsebenzi wabo, kusetshenziswa iqoqo lezinyathelo, kufaka phakathi ukuhlanza imishini, ukukhulisa okuqukethwe komoya-mpilo, ukutshala izitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane.

Ehlazayo

Zihlobanise ne-algae eluhlaza.

1. Kladofora. Inesakhiwo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ifinyelela kubude obuyi-2-3 cm. Yakhiwa ngesikhathi sokuqina kwamanzi kanye nokuntuleka kwama-macrocell.
2. Edogonium. Kubonakala ngesimo se-canon eluhlaza kumaqabunga noma enhlabathini, bese kunikeza imicu emide. Ikhula ngokuntuleka kwama-macronutrients.
3. Rhizoclonium. Kuvela kuma-aquariums asanda kwethulwa ngendlela yamaqoqo athambile angamabala aluhlaza okotshani. Isizathu umjikelezo we-nitrogen ongazinzi.

I-Spirogyra futhi inesakhiwo esisefweni, yize ingabhekiseli kokuluhlaza, kodwa ku-harofitovye algae. Ukukhula kwawo ngokushesha kuyabonakala ngokukhanya okuqinile, ukungalingani kwezithako zamaminerali, kanye nokuningi ngokweqile kwezinto eziphilayo.

Kungcono ukususa intambo ngesandla. Ukukhula kwaso kucindezelwa izitshalo ezikhulayo ngentshiseko. Imikhuba eminingi evame ukwenziwa yokwehla kwezinsuku ezi-3 kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingama-algicidal.

Iqembu le-Algae leCompsopogon

Lolu uhlobo lwe-algae elibomvu, elibizwa nangokuthi nentshebe emnyama. Kuyizinqubo ezibuthakathaka zefilimu eziqinile ezifika ku-15-20 mm ubude. Umbala wazo usukela kokumnyama kokuluhlaza okotshani. Banamathela kumasiko we-aquarium, bakhulisa ama-rhizoid kumaseli abo we-epidermal, abhubhisa ukwakheka kwalokhu okugcina. Ngakho-ke, adinga ukususwa kuphela kanye namaqabunga athintekile.

Imvamisa, intshebe emnyama ididaniswa nolunye ulwelwe olubomvu olubizwa ngeVietnam (uhlobo lwe-Audouinella). Kuhluke ngandlela-thile ukubukeka: imicu yayo ethambile ebomvu-onsundu noma emnyama ikhula ngendlela yamabhande amancane. Emithonjeni yakwamanye amazwe, lolu hlobo lubizwa ngokuthi intshebe emnyama, kanti inkathazo yezilwane zasolwandle, ekuthiwa ngaphakathi kwe-aquarium ibizwa ngokuthi nentshebe emnyama, ibizwa ngokuthi uphondo lwenyamazane ezincwadini zesiNgisi.

Zombili lezi zinhlobo zidala ukulimala okukhulu futhi kunzima ukuzikhipha. Kunconywa ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwe-organics ngokunciphisa inani lezinhlanzi, ukususa iminenke, ukucisha amadivayisi adala ukugeleza, ukugcina inhlanzeko, kuvame ukuguqula amanzi, kwandise ukuhamba komoya.

I-algae kusuka ekuhlanganeni kweCompsopogon ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "intshebe", ngoba ikhula esixukwini esiminyene.

Ukunciphisa ukukhanya

Ama-algae amaningi adinga ukukhanya okuphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ama-aquariums akufanele abekwe kuma-sill ewindows, emafasiteleni aphambene nakwezinye izindawo lapho ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondisiwe kuthola khona amahora angaphezu kwama-2 ngosuku.

Ukukhanyisa i-aquarium kusihlwa kungenza i-algae ivele.

Ukunciphisa ubude besikhathi semini kosuku kuya emahoreni angama-8 ezitshalweni zokuhlobisa akuboniswa ngokuqinile, futhi uma amahlumela angafuneki kuvame ukubulala.

Kwesinye isikhathi ukukhanya kususwa ngokuphelele izinsuku ezimbalwa, kufakwa i-compressor ukuhlinzeka i-oksijini enhlanzini, ngoba izitshalo ebumnyameni azenzi lo msebenzi. Le ndlela iyasebenza, ngokwesibonelo, emanzini ahamba ngezimbali.

Ukuqina kokukhanya kufanele kube ngokulinganayo, okujwayelekile ngama-watts angama-0,5 ilitha elilodwa. Ukukhanya okwedlulele kuvusa ukubukeka kwe-algae eluhlaza, kanye nokuntuleka kwayo kwama-brown kanye nama-diatoms.

Kwezinye izimo, udinga ukukhetha isibani ngokuya ngesibuko. Isibonelo, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (wavelength 600 nm) kusetshenziselwa okwesikhashana ukulwa nentshebe emnyama.

Indlela yokukhanyisa engenile ibonakale ilungile impela. Ngenkathi ugcina ubude obujwayelekile bemini ekuseni nakusihlwa, udinga ukunciphisa ubukhulu bokukhanya ngesigamu.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi neminenke kudla ukudla kwe-algae

Kunezilwane eziningi ezidla kulwelwe.

Izinhlanzi ze-Ototsinklus affinis zidla ku-algae futhi zihlanze i-aquarium.

Phakathi kwezinhlanzi, kufanele zikhethwe:

• Abadli be-alam algae (Crossocheilus siamensis, Epalzeorhynchos siamensis, SAE), uzakwabo waseNdiya (IAE),
• otocinclus (Otocinclus),
• izinkemba, izimbotshana, imollies nabanye abamele umndeni kaPeciliae (Poeciliidae),
• Jordanella
• I-Gastromyzon (Gastromyzon),
• trophies (Tropheus),
• i-hypostomus (Hypostomus).

Ezinye izinhlanzi zingashintshela kwimifino yokuhlobisa.

Lokhu kujwayelekile ezinhlotsheni ezifana:

• Ama-Girinocheylus (Gyrinocheilus aymonieri), abizwa nangokuthi abadli be-algae base-China, noma i-KAE,
• I-Anthistrus catfish (Ancistrus),
• i-pterygoplichty (Pterygoplichthys), njll.

Ungasebenzisa ezinye izilwane ezihlanza indawo ehlukahlukene kusuka ekukhuleni kwe-algal. Lapho blooms amanzi, izimbotshana noma iqembu elikhulu daphnia zingasiza. I-Amano shrimp (Caridina multidentata, igama eliphelelwe isikhathi C. japonica) ibhekana nezinhlobo eziningi ze-algoflora. Futhi bazosiza ekuhlanzeni amakoloni ebhola le-velveteen kusuka ekubonakaleni okungcolile ngokushesha, babuyela esicelweni sabo sangaphambili sokuhlobisa.

Ezigabeni zokuqala zokuqubuka, kusetshenziswa iminenke (ama-ampoules, amakhoyili, ama-theodoxuses, njll.). Kepha ngezilonda ezinzima, azihlali zisebenza njalo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha

I-aquarium ilwela ukukhanya, i-carbon dioxide, izakhi zomzimba, izithako zemaminerali. Lapha i-algoflora ilahlekelwa ukukhula ngokuqinile amakhambi asemanzini.

Ukulwa nesibalo se-algal, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezikhula ngokushesha ezinde:

Izitshalo akudingeki zitshalwe; ungangeza amafomu entantayo, njenge-Hornwort, isibhamu, i-elodea, njll.

Ukufaka amakhambi ngezithasiselo ze-organic nezezimbiwa kufanele kususwe ngokuqinile.

AmaLudwigs (kwesobunxele), amaHygrophils (enkabeni), eWallisneria (kwesokudla) angalwa ne-algae ngenxa yokukhula kwawo ngokushesha, kudinga izakhi zomzimba eziningi, okuyinto i-algae ezodinga ukuthuthuka.

Izindlela zamakhemikhali

Ama-algicides asetshenziswa lapho ezinye izindlela zokuzihlanza zingasebenzi. Lezi zihlanganiswa ngamakhemikhali ngomsebenzi we-herbicidal noma we-biocidal.

• humates - baguqula ama-phosphates abe yifomu engafinyeleleki, i-acidified imvelo, isebenza kancane, ingasebenzi emanzini anzima,
• ama-oxidants - abulala i-algae nezithelo zawo, anomthelela olimazayo ezitshalweni kanye nama-microflora amahle,
• ubuhlanga - ama-antiseptics kanye namalungiselelo we-zinc noma yethusi, asheshe athathe isinyathelo, kepha acindezele uhlaza, aphazamise ukulingana kwe-biocenosis,
• imishanguzo - isebenza ku-algae eluhlaza okotshani,
• ama-zeolite ama-sorbyts emvelo asusa ama-phosphates emanzini,
• amalungiselelo asuselwa ku-glutaraldehyde - angathinta kabi izitshalo, amanye awaphephile ku-shrimp.

Zisebenzise ngokuqapha, ngokuya ngemiyalo, unamathela kumithamo enconyiwe. Ama-algaecides echibini kuma-aquas okuhlobisa awakwazi ukusetshenziswa.

I-Carbon dioxide

Ukukhuphuka kokuhlinzekwa kwekhabhoni dijithali kukhulisa ukukhula kwezitshalo, okuholela ekuvinjelweni komsebenzi we-algal. Izinga lakhona lingu-10-20 mg / l. Ukuhlushwa okufisayo kukhethwa ngakunye. Akufanele kube yinto ebucayi yezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezikhona. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga le-pH eliqhubekayo futhi uqiniseke ukuthi inani lalo alihli ngaphansi kuka-6. Uma kungenazitshalo zokuhlobisa noma zingathuthukiswanga kahle, ukuhamba kwe-carbon dioxide kufanele kumiswe.

I-hydrogen peroxide

IHydrogen peroxide (3%) ifakwa emanzini ngesilinganiso esingu-1.5-2,5 ml ngamalitha ayi-10.

I-superoxidant esetshenziselwa ukulwa ne-cyanobacteria, intshebe emnyama neVietnam. Isixazululo se-3% sisetshenziswa ngesilinganiso se-1.5-2,5 ml nge-10 l lamanzi. Kungcono ukuyifaka ngesirinji ngaphandle kwenalithi endaweni yokuqongelela ukukhula okungafuneki.

Amaqabunga athintekile asuswa ngaphambili. Sebenzisa umkhiqizo ngokuqapha uhlangana neminye imisebenzi.

Isetshenziselwa ukubulala amagciwane ezitsheni, amanzi, ukuhlobisa, okokusebenza. Kungaba mhlophe, izixazululo ze-bleach 5% noma i-chloramine 3%. Umthelela wabo ongemuhle kuma-microflora, izitshalo nezilwane kufanele unakwe. I-Chlorine iyashintshashintshwa, ikhishwe emanzini ngenkathi yedilika. Udinga ukulinda okungenani izinsuku ezingama-1-2. Ungasebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile ukuwasusa ngokushesha.

Ama-Nutrients

Izinto eziphilayo ezingeqile zakha izimo ezinhle zokukhula kwe-algoflora. Iningi lezakhamzimba ligxiliwe emanzini ngenxa yokudla ngokweqile kwezinhlanzi. Ukunciphisa okuqukethwe ngamakhompiyutha e-organic, ukudla okuphilayo noma okubandayo kufanele kunikezwe, futhi ingxenye yayo kufanele ikhawulwe ngobuncane obudingekayo.

Ngokuhambisana, ukuguqulwa kwamanzi okuvame ukwenziwa kwenziwa (izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesonto, okungenani i-20% yevolumu), gcina ukuhlanzeka. I-nitrogen ne-phosphorus ethe xaxa iyasuswa kusetshenziswa izengezo ezikhethekile ezinjenge-Aqua Medic antiphos noma i-Tetra NitrateMinus Pearls.

I-Glutaraldehyde

Lesi sakhiwo sibonisa izakhiwo zokwenza amagciwane. Igqekeza emanzini phakathi nosuku ngokukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Empini yokulwa nentshebe emnyama nophondo lwenyamazane, isebenza ngempumelelo kunezinye izindlela, ayithinti izingxabano.

I-Glutaraldehyde yisibulala magciwane esingafakwa emanzini.

Le ngxenye ekuqoqweni kwe-2,5% iyingxenye yezidakamizwa ezahlukahlukene:

• I-Sidex,
• I-Aquayer Algicide + CO2,
• I-Professional Algae Killer,
• I-ZMF Algo stop fix, njll.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, ochwepheshe batusa ukususa i-foci ebonakalayo yokutheleleka kanye nokuphonsa inhlabathi ngangokunokwenzeka. Umthamo wokwelashwa kwe-prophylactic wevolumu ye-100 l ngu-3 ml, onesifo esibuthakathaka - i-5 ml, iveziwe - i-10-12 ml.

Leli nani liphephe uma lingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, kuthathwa umthamo ophindwe kabili noma kanye. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthuthukisa i-aeration.

Ukuhlanza kanjani i-aquarium futhi kangaki

Imvamisa yenqubo incike ezicini eziningana:

1. Ubukhulu be-aquarium. Amathangi anomthamo wamalitha ayi-10-20 kumele ahlanzwe masonto onke, kusuka kumalitha ayi-100 - okungenani isikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga.
2. Inani lezilwane. Lapho bebaningi, ngokushesha imvelo ingcolile.
3. Ibhalansi ye-biocenosis. Uma ibhalansi iphazamiseka, ukuhlanza kufanele kwenziwe kaningi.
4. Ukunakekelwa okufanele. Amaphutha wokuqukethwe futhi abangela ukungcoliswa okusheshayo.

Kungukuhlanzwa okuhleliwe ngokushintshwa kwamanzi okuyingxenye. Akuvamile ukuthi bahlanze i-aquarium ngokuphelele, hhayi ngaphezulu kwesikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni eminingana, ngoba i-biobalance esunguliwe yephulwe. Lokhu kwenziwa futhi ngaphambi kokwethulwa okusha futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukubulala amagciwane ngokuphelele kwe-aquarium ekhona.

Isikhethi esikhethekile sisetshenziselwa ukuhlanza ingilazi ye-aquarium, kanti nezinto zokuhlobisa zidinga ukuhlanzwa ngesandla bese zibulawa ngamagciwane ku-glutaraldehyde.

Imisebenzi ehleliwe ifaka phakathi:

• ukuhlanza izindonga ngesikhafu noma ngendwangu yokuwasha yasendlini,
• ukuhlanza izinto zokuhlobisa,
• ukusika nokuncipha kwezimila,
• siphon yenhlabathi
• ukuhlunga izihlungi emanzini e-aquarium,
• ukusula amalambu neziembozo,
• ukususwa kwe-15-30% yevolumu yamanzi ngokushintshwa kwenani elifanele lamanzi avikelwe ngokomoya.

Ukucutshungulwa kwamatshe amatshe, umhlobiso, imishini, izitshalo kwenziwa njengoba kudingeka. Ama-detergents noma imikhiqizo yokuhlanza ayisetshenziswa. Ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo, kuyadingeka ukucisha yonke imishini kagesi ngaphandle kwezihlungi zangaphandle, bese ukhumbula ukuyisebenzisa futhi.

Ukuhlanza ngokuphelele (ngokuphelele) kudinga ukuqalwa kabusha kohlelo ngokuphelele. I-algorithm yokubulala igciniwe. Izinhlanzi nezinye izilwane zibekwa ezindlini zesikhashana. Yenza okufanayo ngezitshalo. Zikhiphe ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi izimpande. Inhlabathi ibekwa ngaphansi kokwelashwa okushisa noma ithathelwe indawo entsha. Isitsha sigezwa ngesibulala magciwane, bese somiswa okungenani amahora angama-24. Kungcono ukubilisa yokusungula.

Ukuvimbela i-Algae

Izindlela eziphambili zokuvimbela ukubonakala kwe-algae zifaka lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Ukubeka i-aquarium endaweni efanelekile, ukuntuleka kokukhanya ngokweqile.
2. Ukwakha izimo ezifanele zokukhula kwezitshalo ezinotshani.
3. Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwamanyolo wamaminerali, izilinganiso ezifanele zezinto ezincane nezinkulu.
4. Ukulawulwa kwenani lokuphakelayo. Izinhlanzi kufanele zizidle ngokuphelele.
5. Ukugcina ukuhlanzeka. Kuyadingeka ukususa i-plaque engilazini, ematsheni, emifanekisweni, ususe izingxenye zezitshalo ezifile, futhi ugweme ukushelela ngokweqile kwaphansi.
6. Ukuhambisana nokubusa kwezinga lokushisa. Amanzi akufanele afudumele + 24 ... + 26 ° С.
7. Ukulungiswa kwe-pH ngokulawula ukugeleza kwekhabhoni.
8. Ukulondolozwa kokulingana kwemvelo, kufaka phakathi amagciwane, ku-biocenosis eyenziwe ngamabomu.
9. Ukuhlolwa kwezimila ukutheleleka, ukutholwa kwezinyathelo ezifanele ngesikhathi esifanele. Ihlukanisa amasampula amasha wezitshalo nezilwane.
10. Ukusetshenziswa kwabadli be-algae ukulawula inani le-algal.

Ubunzima balezi zinyathelo buzogwema isidingo sokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali.

I-Xenococus

Ngaphandle, i-xenococus ivela njengamachashazi aluhlaza engilazini, yakha ipulangwe. Kuvela kuma-herbalists atshalwe ngokudlulele nasemanzini angenalutho angenalutho. Izimbangela zokwenzeka: ukukhanya ngokweqile namazinga aphansi wekhabhoni dioksijini.

Izinhlanzi ezilwa ne-algae

Lezi “zisebenzi zokuhlanzeka” zivame ukutholakala ezindaweni zasemanzini.

"Abahlanzayo" abalungile ikakhulu yile:

• i-pterigoplicht (i-catade catfish),
• i-ancistrus ejwayelekile,
• i-otocinclus (imfishi yecuba), ekhetha ukucwilisa.

Bahlanza ngokucophelela yonke into ngendebe yabo yokudonsa (ifilimu yama-bacterial, i-fouling evela kwi-algae, ezinye izinto ezingcolisa umoya), kusukela odongeni lwe-aquarium, inhlabathi, amatshe nokuphela ngemigqa namaqabunga amakhulu ezitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bona ngokwabo abathobeki neze, okuyi-plus eqondile.

• Isibonelo, i-pterigoplicht endala ingakhula ibe ngu-40-45 cm bese iqala ukuziphatha ngolaka kwabanye abahlali.
• Ngokudla okwanele, abanye abanikazi “bezinkomishi zokuphuza” bangaqala ukuzondla nge-mucus yezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezihamba kancane ezihlaselwa ebusuku.
• Kwesinye isikhathi i-catfish, ebheke kakhulu ekuhlanzeni, ilimaze izihlahla zezithelo zethenda ezincane noma yenze izimbobo ngamaqabunga amancanyana.
• Futhi abanye abantu abaneminyaka yobudala baqala ukuvilapha futhi bangafezeki kahle "imisebenzi" yabo.

I-darkf catfish noma i-otocinclus-- isidlo se-algae kusuka emndenini we-catfish we-chain-mail ilungele kangcono ama-diatoms ansundu. Umhlambi wezinhlanzi ezinhlanu ungagcina i-aquarium eyi-100 litre ihlanzekile kalula. "I-dwarf" ayinasizotha, enokuthula, ikwazi ukuhlangana nabazingeli abakhulu.

"Janitor", ongatholakala kaningi, kepha lokhu akwenzi kube kubi kakhulu: i-panak yasebukhosini, engowomndeni we-chain-mail catfish. Izinhlanzi ezinkulu, okudinga kuzo i-aquarium engu-200 (litre). Intsha iyazola, kepha njengoba iminyaka yabo isimilo siyawohloka. Hambisana kahle nama-characin anokuthula. Best Panak ahlanze driftwood.

Inkomishi yokudonsa lapho iketane le-catfish lisusa ukufiphala ebusweni.

I-Garinheyl

Lo mndeni uhlanganisa izinhlobo ezintathu kuphela zezinhlanzi, ezithandwa kakhulu kuzo yi-girinoheylus.

Izindebe zabo zibukeka njengendebe yokudonsa enama-folders ngaphakathi. Lezi zivimbo zakha uhlobo lwe- “grater”.

Ngenxa yalomklamo, izinhlanzi zingabanjwa ematsheni noma nge-elementi eqinile, ngenkathi kushunqa ulwelwe kusuka ebusweni bazo.

Lokhu kudla akunampilo kakhulu, ngakho-ke, "bhala" ama-girinoheylus abe nokuningi.

Amaphuzu amabi afaka

• ukulimala kwamaqabunga lapho imisele nembobo kungasala khona ngemuva “kokuvunwa”,
• inani elincane lezinhlanzi alanele ukugcina inhlanzeko emanzini,
• ngamanani amakhulu, banolaka futhi bahlala behlasela uhlobo lwabo, ngoba bayindawo.

Kunzima kakhulu ukufeza ukuthula phakathi kwabo. Omakhelwane kumele futhi bakhethwe ngokucophelela, ngokwezigaba awukwazi ukuthatha izinhlanzi ezihamba kancane.

Viviparous

Iningi lazo linomhlathi ophansi othuthukiswe ngokuqinile, ofana nesikhafu esisusa kalula i-plaque ezindongeni, enhlabathini nasezitshalweni.

Abaseshi abadumile bezilwane yizihlambi ezinjengama-guppies, i-mollies, i-pecilia, ne-Swordsman. Abanye abazalanisi bathi lezi zinhlanzi zingaphila ngaphandle kokudla okwengeziwe, zidla umucu oluhlaza kuphela.

Kepha balungile nje njengabasizi kwabanye abadli be-algae, ngoba banqikaza kakhulu ukudla isiphithiphithi esingafuneki.

Inhlanzi ye-guppy yegupiparous.

Cyprinids

Umlweli ongakhathali kakhulu ongahlali nomndeni kusuka kulo mndeni yi-Siamese algae eater (aka-Siamese crossheil, noma uSiamese crosshelius, noma uSiamese epalceorinchus).

Uhlanga lwayo luhlaza lwasolwandle okuluhlaza okotshani kanye nokubizwa nge- “Vietnamese” noma “intshebe emnyama” (lokhu kungukukhula kwesigaxa esimnyama ematsheni, amaqabunga ezitshalo nakwezinye izindawo).

Iphinde ibhekane kahle nezinye izinhlobo ze-algae ngendlela yesibhamu, ngoba umlomo wayo ulungele kakhulu lokhu. Ukuze i-aquarium ebiza amalitha ayi-100 ihlanzeke ngokuphelele, izidli ezimbili kuphela (ngisho ezincane kakhulu) zeSiamese alge zanele.

Izinzuzo zalezi zinhlanzi ziwumsebenzi, ukuhamba, isimo sokuthula esinokuthula, umthamo omncane womkhumbi ukuze ube khona okujwayelekile nokunakekelwa okunesizotha.

Hhayi ngaphandle kwamaphutha. Ngemuva kobude benhlanzi bube ngaphezulu kwamasentimitha amane, bangaqala ukudla iJavanese moss, uma ikhula e-aquarium, futhi ngokuzithandela okukhulu kakhulu kune-algae.

Kubuye kwaqapheleka ukuthi njengoba abadli be-alamese baseSiamese bekhula kancane kancane, bajwayela ukudoba ukudla futhi bangagcina sebephelelwe ngumdla wokuzijabulisa.

Enye i-"cleaners" evela kulo mndeni - i-labe enemibala emibili (i-bicolor) nohlaza (frenatus). Umlomo wabo ubheke phansi. Vele, badla i-algae ne-fouling, kepha hhayi njengezangaphambili. Kungokungathi bayinto abayithandayo. Ubuningi babo obukhulu kungukufutheka okwengeziwe kanye nendawo ngokuhlobene nezinye izinhlanzi nohlobo lwazo.

AmaSiamese ajulile ngokwema kwawo ngendlela ejwayelekile. Funda ngokucophelela izinhlanzi futhi ukhumbule ukubukeka kwazo, njengoba ezinye izinhlobo zivame ukuthengiswa ngaphansi kwaleli gama ezitolo zezilwane.

I-Seaweed Shrimp

Lawa ma-arthropod abizwa kufanele ngokuthi yi-Champions of pure. Okuhle kakhulu i-shrimp yamanzi amasha, imizimba yayo ifakwe "abalandeli" abakhethekile.

Lezi ziphume zihlunga amanzi futhi zikhiphe kukho ukudla okungabonakali, izinhlayiya zezitshalo nalokho okusele kwabahlali abafile. Izinsikazi zithukulula inhlabathi bese zihlunga umswakama, ovele ngasikhathi sinye. Abesifazane basusa ukungcola komhlaba ongaphansi.

Ngaphezu kokuhlunga amanzi, lezi zidalwa zisusa i-alffffy algae emaqabungeni ezitshalo nakuzo zonke ezinye izindawo eziphezulu, futhi ngempumelelo enkulu kunenhlanzi.

• i-shrimp encane ingaphatha inani elincane lomsebenzi,
• ukuze ihlanzeke ngempela emanzini, uzodinga i-shrimp eningi (umuntu ngamunye ilitha),
• azikwazi ukuzivikela kakhulu futhi zingadliwa izinhlanzi, ngenxa yalokho omakhelwane abadinga ukukhethwa ngokucophelela kakhulu, kanye nokwakhiwa kwezindawo zokuhlala ezinokwethenjelwa eziningi.

Ngaphezu kwe-cherry, ama-shrimp Amano shrimp alwa kahle. Amabhola weCladorof agcinwa ehlanzekile futhi adla umucu.

Kubalulekile! Ukusebenza "komsebenzi" kuthintwa ngosayizi wabo. Uma ikhula i-shrimp elikhudlwana, iba nzima kakhulu izintambo ze-algae. Ama-arthropods amasentimitha amane abhekwa njengehamba phambili.

Zanele ezingama-5 zalezi zingcezu ngamalitha angama-200. Amasentimitha amathathu azodinga umuntu ngamunye kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Abancane badinga ngisho nangokwengeziwe (i-1-2 ilitha ngalinye). Inketho yokugcina iyona engakhiqizi kakhulu futhi ebiza kakhulu. Kuyaqapheleka futhi ukuthi lezi zimfanzi azidli i-xenococcus kanye nolunye ulwelwe oluhlaza ngendlela ye-plaque. IBlackbeard nayo ayifuni ukuyisebenzisa.

Olunye uhlobo ngama-neocaridins. Zivame kakhulu phakathi kwama-amesha, njengoba kulula kakhulu ukuzalanisa. Zincane, zingama-1-2 cm ubude, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka “amayunithi amaningi wokulwa” (umuntu ngamunye ilitha). Okuncamelayo kunikezwa ku-algae ethambile yefilimu yohlobo lweRizoclinium. Ama-Neocaridins angukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kwezitshalo zasemanzini. Azinakuphinda zithole indawo ku-aquarium esanda kwethulwa, njengoba zisiza ekwakheni ibhalansi. Kokuvuthiwe, balondoloza ukulinganisela.

Spirogyra

Yintambo entekenteke nethambile. Kunzima ukususa i-algae, ngoba ikhula ngesivinini esikhulu e-aquarium. Isizathu sokukhula ngokweqile kokukhanya nokuntuleka kokudla okungenamsoco. Icisha ukukhanya kuhlanganiswe nekwethulwa kwenhlanzi ye-algae-eater kanye nokufakwa kwezidakamizwa.

I-algae ukulwa neminenke

Yize ama-mollusk engaphumeleli kangako endimeni yama-oda, amandla awo yikhono lokudla cishe konke ukungcoliswa (ukudla okusele, ukuthungwa kwabaphilayo nezinsalela zezakhamizi ezifile, izitshalo ezonakele, umhlwa kanye nohlu lwamabala kuzo zonke izindawo, ifilimu elivela ebusweni bamanzi).

Futhi inhlala-kahle nokuziphatha kwezinye izinhlobo kusebenza njengohlobo lwenkomba yokuhlanzeka kwenhlabathi namanzi.

Okubi ukuthi inani leminenke licishe lifinyeleleke, futhi likhiqiza ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kepha phakathi kwama-mollusks e-aquarium azitholakali izinambuzane ezizalela ngokushesha kuphela. Eminye yeminenke ayikwazi ukuzalanisa lapho ithunjiwe, eminye iletha inani elincane lezingane, kanti enye iyathandeka futhi yinhle, ngakho-ke ngeke ithathwe kuphela ngokuzithandela esitolo sezilwane zasekhaya, kodwa futhi izonikeza okuthile okubuyayo.

Nazi ezinye zokuhlanzeka okuvame kakhulu ezitholakala kuma-aquariums asekhaya:

Neretina Zebra (amahlosi wehlosi), i-neretina hedgehog, i-neretina emnyama indlebe. Basusa i-plaque engilazini, ematsheni, e-driftwood, ekuhlobiseni nasemaceleni amakhulu ngaphandle kokulimaza. Kubonakala sengathi akakhathali. Ukhiye - shiya ubumbano obungabonakali bokukhiqiza amaqanda engilazini ye-aquarium, lapho izingane zingashisi khona.

UNeretina uphondo. Le crumb (1-1.5 cm) iyakwazi ukukhuphukela ezindaweni ezingenakufinyeleleka kakhulu futhi uyihlanze ikhanye. Ibhekana nama-diatoms.

I-Separia noma i-konfish yofudu negobolondo elisicaba. Ihamba kancane, kepha ngaphandle kwalokhu ibhekana kahle ne-algal fouling ne-Vietnamese. Izitshalo azilimazi. Okubi kubalwa - caviar, ilenga endaweni enhle.

ICorbicula. Lesi yisinaphi samasentimitha amathathu. Ibizwa nangokuthi ibhola eliphuzi leJavanese noma i-golden bivalve. Isiza ukubhekana nokuguquguquka kwamanzi, ukumiswa nokuqhakaza, njengoba kungumhlunga. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-mollusk idlula amanzi ngokwayo (ifinyelela kumalitha ama-5 ngehora!), Idla ama-microorganisms aqukethe kuwo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ezindaweni zasemanzini ezinama-carbicles, izinhlanzi azihlushwa i-ichthyophorosis, ngoba ngandlela thile ziyalibambezela i-cysts yazo. Kwi-aquarium yamalitha ayi-100 udinga kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-3 walena yeminenke. Amaphoyinti angalungile afaka ukulima inhlabathi nokumba izitshalo ezinezimpande ezibuthakathaka.

I-Ampullaria. Kakhulu mollusk enkulu. Ithatha izinsalela zokudla, inhlanzi efile kanye neminye iminenke, idla ngenkuthalo kusuka ezindongeni ze-aquarium. Enye yezingqinamba ukuthi ikhiqiza imfucuza enkulu, ngakho-ke ukuhlunga okunamandla kufanele kufakwe esitsheni esinoxhaphozi.

I-Theodoxus. Le yiminenke emincane emanzi amnandi. Kunezinhlobo eziningi. Bangakwazi ukuhlala emanzini amasha nasemachibini kasawoti. Zidla kuphela ngokufenda, zikhetha i-algae e-brown and green. Baze bancintisane nama-gerinoheyluses wokuphakama ekusebenzeni kokulwa ne-xenococus. Kepha abayithandi “intshebe”. Izitshalo azonakalisi.

Sengiphetha, sithi i-aquarium biosystem ingabakhona ngempumelelo ngosizo lwabantu. Ukukhetha okulungile nokulungiswa kwemishini nokukhanyisa, ukwethulwa okufanele kwe-aquarium, ukuqapha njalo kwamapharamitha amanzi nesimo sezakhamuzi kubaluleke kakhulu. Izinhlanzi, imfanzi kanye neminenke kuyabasiza ekuxazululeni inkinga yokulawulwa kwe-algae, hhayi izinhlamvu eziphambili. Vele, lapha sichaze kafushane abameli abambalwa kuphela bama-oda we-aquarium, ngoba esihlokweni esisodwa akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuningile ngakho konke. Sizothokoza ngokungezelela okuthakazelisa.

Izindlela zokulawula nokulahla i-aquarium algae

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-algae, indlela yokususa ibhukwana ilungile:

1. khetha ukhula ngemifino ngezandla zakho,
2. sula ingilazi
3. ahambe uSphon emhlabathini
4. hlambulula ubuhle bendawo
5. buyisela amanye amanzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulwa ne-algae kwenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukile:

1. ukulungiswa okukhanyayo
2. ukutshala izitshalo eziphakeme,
3. ukwethulwa kwamakhemikhali.

Khumbula ukuthi akwanele ukubhubhisa kuphela izimila eziphansi, kuyadingeka ukuqeda imbangela yokukhula okuthe xaxa.

I-Ksenokokus - i-plaque eluhlaza odongeni lwe-aquarium

Usuvele unalesi siluwu bonke abaqalayo nezimpawu zobuso. Kubonakala kusuka ekukhanyiseni ngokweqile noma amahora angafani. Kulokhu, i-biomass yezitshalo ayidlali indima. Ivela kuma-aquariums, zombili ezinemifino evuthayo, nakuma-aquarium anez "izandiso ezintathu".
Iziphakamiso zokulwa ne-xenocrocus (igama elifanele ngu-kolekheta) zivamile: zinciphisa, lungisa amahora emini, i-algicide, imishini yokuhlanza, inhlanzi ezisizayo kanye nezimbaza, ushintsho lwamanzi oluvamile.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi ezidla ulwelwe

Hola izilwane ezifuywayo zidla izitshalo ezingezansi ngokuhambisana nezinye izindlela zokulawula. Izilwane eziwusizo zifaka:

1. Siamese algae adle. Idla intambo, i-xenococus ne-dialeate algae. Imvamisa, udla umVietnam kanye nentshebe emnyama uma kungekho okunye ukudla.
2. Ama-cichlid aseMalawi. Badla intshebe emnyama, kepha bangadla nezitshalo eziphakeme.
3. I-Soma (ancistruses, otocincluses, plecostomy). Bahle ekulweni ne-algae e-brown and green, kepha kwesinye isikhathi awunandaba nokudla amaqabunga obucayi be-anubias ne-lemongrass.
   
4. Iminenke (enophondo, i-ampullaria, imishayo, ikhoyili, ama-neretins). I-algae e-brown ne-filamentous, kufaka phakathi i-spirogyra, okunzima ukuyikhipha, idle.
5. Inhlanzi eyiViviparous (guppies, izinkemba, izinkemba, ipecilia). Bhekana nokukhula okuluhlaza okotshani noku nsundu.
6. I-Amano shrimp - isiza ekulweni nentambo.