Ubude bomzimba wexoxo linamamilimitha ayi-19- 20; izinsikazi zikhulu kunezabesilisa. Isici esahlukile sowesilisa yiphethri umphimbo ngesimo sehhashi, elikhudlwana kunelabesifazane. Ikhanda limnyama. Isikhumba sibushelelezi. Indlala yesifazane iyimbilical.
UMantella Bernhardi (Mantella bernhardi).
Imibala emibili ephezulu nephansi yeBernhard mantella imnyama. Amaphethelo aphuzi, anamachashazi amnyama namdaka. Imilenze yangemuva imnyama noma iluhlaza onsundu enamabala amnyama. Ithanga elingaphezulu liphuzi ngombala. Izingxenye ezingezansi zamawele zilamula.
Bernhard Mantella Behavior
Lamaxoxo ahlala emaqenjini futhi ahola indlela yokuphila ecashile. Bafuna ukudla emhlabeni. Abesifazane bangaphansi kwabesilisa amahlandla ama-2. Bernhard mantle besilisa bayakuthanda ukucula izingoma. Izingoma zabo zehlukile kunamazwi amanye amaxoxo; afana nokucula kwekhilikithi. Owesilisa ukhipha i-trill eyodwa encane, equkethe ngokuchofoza kwe-2-8, ngalinye lihlala cishe ama-millisecond ayi-11.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ze-mantella, zisebenza kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Bazingela ngesikhathi sasemini. Ama-Mantelles achitha ingxenye enkulu yosuku efuna ukudla. Ukudla kwabo kuqukethe iDrosophila, ama-aphid namanye ama-arthropods amancane.
Ngokwemvelo yeBernhard mantella inesibindi futhi inamandla.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kukaBernhard Mantellas
Isikhathi sokuzala siba ngoNovemba-Mashi, siyahambisana nesikhathi semvula. Lamaxoxo awazali emanzini. Isiko lokuqomisana lifihliwe, ama-mantels mate ngaphansi kwezingodo noma amagxolo.
Ngemuva kokuzalela, insikazi ithola indawo efanelekayo yokubeka. Le ndawo kufanele ibe manzi, ngokwesibonelo, i-moss, i-log emanzi, amagxolo nokunye okuyokwenza.
Uma lina, amaqanda ayagezwa esidlekeni bese edluliselwa kwizidleke noma ezindaweni zokugcina ezincane. Ama-tadpoles ama-mantelles kaBernhard ama-herbivores; ukudla kwawo kuqukethe i-detritus ne-algae.
Ekuthunjweni, ama-mantels we-Bernhard agcinwa ngokungajwayelekile. Lawa ngamasele anoshevu, ngakho-ke awalungeli njengesipho sengane. Abesilisa bahlabelela usuku lonke.
Ngenxa yobuthi be-mantellae, akuvamile ukutholakala kuma-aquariums nakuma-terrariums.
Lamaxoxo agcinwa kuma-terrariums anezingqimba. I-terrarium kumele imbozwe ngegridi ngaphezulu. Kubantu aba-3-4, usayizi wendawo yokuhlala kufanele okungenani ube amasentimitha angama-60x45x40.
Amapulangwe, i-sphagnum noma ingxube yamagxolo ama-orchid e-compost kanye ne-sphagnum asetshenziswa njenge-substrate. Isendlalelo esingezansi sidinga ukuguqulwa kanye ngesonto. I-moss ingahlanzwa ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwamanzi iphinde isetshenziswe, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu kwezikhathi ezi-3.
Ama-Mantyll angcolile ngendlela emangalisayo, ngakho-ke kufanele ukuthi i-terrarium ihlanzwe njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7, futhi uma kukhona amasele amaningi, khona-ke kaningi. Uma i-terrarium ihlala ingcolile, ama-mantelles aqala ukulimala. Izinga lokushisa lesikhathi sasemini lingama-22-30 degrees, futhi ebusuku akufanele libe ngaphezulu kwama-20-22 degrees.
Amabinzana amaningi awakwazi ukubekezelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Ukushisa i-terrarium kwenzeka ngosizo lwephedi yokufudumeza, etholakala ngaphansi kwengxenye yedatha. Ukukhanyisa kunikezwa ngamalambu we-ultraviolet fluorescent. Isikhathi sasemini ehlobo singamahora ayi-14, kanti kusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuNdasa sincishiswa saba amahora ayi-11. Umswakama osethangeni elinama-manteled akufanele ube ngaphezulu kuka-90%.
ITerrarium yenziwa izitshalo ezikhuphukayo, ngokwesibonelo, i-ivy noma i-fittonia, i-ferns nama-bromeliads nazo zilungele kahle. Izitshalo zibekwa emabhodweni e-terrarium, phansi kwezimbiza zimbozwe nge-moss.
AmaMantellas adinga ichibi elingashoni, elinobubanzi bamasentimitha ayi-10 kanye nokujula kwamasentimitha amabili. Isitsha lapho kwenziwa khona ichibi likhona kude nomthombo wokukhanya nokushisa. Futhi e-terrarium ungangeza amagatsha, amatshe, izingodo, wenze okokukhosela nezindawo eziphakeme.
Vota
Ihlukile kwezinye izinhlobo ze-mantella ngoba ifana nokucula kwekhilikithi. Ingoma yesilisa iqukethe trill eyodwa emfushane, equkethe ngokuchofoza okungu-2-8. Isikhathi sokuqhafaza singama-11-19 millisecond. Ububanzi obujwayelekile be-4.8 no-5.7 KHz.
UMantella Bernhard - isele elinobuthi kusuka eMadagascar
UMantella Bernhard ihlala emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo ngaphansi kwengqimba enkulu yamaqabunga awileyo. Lona umzingeli wosuku, iningi losuku lokuzingela iDrosophila, ama-aphid namanye ama-arthropods amancane. Iphila impilo yemfihlo yasemhlabeni. Amaxoxo asebenza emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kunezinye izinhlobo ze-mantel. Isikhumba sezingubo zabantu abadala sinobuthi.
Indawo: isiqhingi saseMadagascar.
Incazelo: UBernhard mantella isele esiphilayo futhi esisebenzayo. Izinsikazi zikhulu ngosayizi kunabesilisa. Abesilisa bahlukaniswa kwabesilisa ngokubakhona komphimbo wephethini lehhashi elidlulela ngale kwalokho kwabesifazane. Ikhanda limnyama. Izinduna zesifazane ziyizimbotshana. Isikhumba sibushelelezi.
Umbala: ngaphezulu nangaphansi i-mantella ipendiwe emnyama. Ama-forelegs aphuzi ngamachashazi ansundu namnyama. Imilenze yezinsikazi ilula noma ibe nsundu ngombala omnyama namabala amnyama. Uhlangothi olungaphezulu lwe-femur luphuzi, i-tibia ne-tarsus nsundu. Ngaphansi kwemilenze kunemibala yelamula.
Usayizi: 19-20 mm.
Vota: yehlukile kwezinye izinhlobo ze-mantella ngoba ifana nokucula kwekhilikithi. Ingoma yesilisa iqukethe trill eyodwa emfushane, equkethe ngokuchofoza okungu-2-8. Isikhathi sokuqhafaza singama-11-19 millisecond. Ububanzi obujwayelekile be-4.8 no-5.7 KHz.
Indawo yokuhlala: amahlathi emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo, ngaphansi kongqimba lwamaqabunga awileyo.
Umsoco: UBernhard mantella ungumzingeli wosuku ochitha iningi losuku efuna ukudla. Izingela iDrosophila, ama-aphid namanye ama-arthropods amancane.
Ukuziphatha: kuholela empilweni yemfihlo yasemhlabeni. Kukhona abesilisa abaningi kunabesifazane ngokwesilinganiso se-2-1: 1. Abesilisa balolu hlobo bathande ukucula, banesibindi impela emvelweni. IBernhard Mantella isebenza ngamazinga okushisa aphakeme kunezinye izinhlobo ze-mantella.
Isakhiwo senhlalo: uhlala emaqenjini.
Ukuzala: UBernhard mantella akazali emanzini (amaqanda emanzini awazali). Ngemuva kokuzalela, insikazi ifuna indawo efanelekayo yokwenza ubumbeko (kufanele ibe manzi). Lokhu kungaba moss, isiponji, imifantu kwizingodo, uhlangothi oluhle lwamatshe noma amagxolo. Izimvula zigeza amaqanda ezidlekeni, futhi zidlulisele emachibini amile angajulile noma ezimbizeni.
Isikhathi sonyaka / ukuzalanisa: ukuqala kwenkathi yemvula (Novemba-Mashi).
Isiko lokuqomisana: ukuqomisana kwenzeka ngasese, ngaphansi kwamagxolo noma izingodo.
Intuthuko: ama-tadpoles herbivores - faka ukudla okuvela olwandle kanye ne-detritus.
Amazwana: I-mantella kaBernhard inesikhumba esinoshevu.
Ukukala le ndatshana: Inani lamavoti 0, isilinganiso esingu-0
Okhokho asebekhona kudala bamaxoxo bavela eMhlabeni cishe ngonyaka wezigidi ezingama-290, futhi imvelo yayala ukuthi abameleli abahle kakhulu be-amphibians abangenamila nabo bayingozi enkulu. Amaxoxo esihlahla, amasele nezinhlwathi iningi zisebenzisa ubuthi obunobuthi ukuze kuvikeleke, futhi akuvamile ukuthi kuhlaselwe kuqala. Ukubuyekezwa kwethu okufushane kuveza amaxoxo anobuthi kunawo wonke akhethe amahlathi ashisayo, amachibi namachibi aplanethi yethu emangalisayo. Futhi ungabona izinambuzane ezinobuthi kunazo zonke esihlokweni esakhiweni sethu i-TopCafe.su13
Phyllomedusa / Phyllomedusa bicolor
Phakathi kwamahlathi emvula asakazeka echibini laseAmazon, kuhlala i-phylomedusa enhle kangaka, kodwa eyingozi kodwa evela emndenini wezihlahla. Ubuthi abunobuthi kangako, kepha bungadala ipheshana lesisu elicasulayo, ama-hallucinations, komzimba omkhulu. AmaNdiya aseNdawo asebenzisa ubuthi bayo ukwelapha zonke izinhlobo zezifo nasemikhondweni yokuqalisa ukungena ekuhlaseleni.
Imvamisa ubizwa ngokuthi ixoxo lenkawu, futhi ngokwemikhuba yakhe ungumluthi onolwazi kakhulu. Uhlobo luhla njengoba lusengozini, futhi ngenxa yalokho luvikelwa. 12.
I-Striped leafolase / Phyllobates vittatus
La maxoxo anemibala, ahlala eningizimu-nentshonalanga yeCosta Rica, ngokubukeka kwawo okuxakayo axwayisa ngokuthi ayingozi futhi kungcono ukudlula lezi zidalwa ezinhle kakhulu. Kulula ukukhomba ngomlingisi ophuzi ophethele emuva ugijima ngemuva. Imivimbo idlula zombili ekhanda nasezinhlangothini zesisu, yingakho i-frog ithole igama elithile.
Akunakwenzeka ngokushesha ukumbona, ngoba ukhetha ukucasha ezindaweni ezifihliwe naphakathi kwamatshe. Ubuthi, ukungena esikhunjeni somuntu, bubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, futhi kungaholela nokukhubazeka komzimba. ishumi nanye.
Blue Dart frog / Dendrobates azureus
Isidalwa esihle, njengoba sibona esithombeni, esinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, sithanda ama-savannas namahlathi emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo, futhi sidla ikakhulukazi izinambuzane ezincane. Ngisho nokugcwala okuncane kobuthi kwanele ukubulala izitha ezinkulu zemvelo, futhi ukufa kwabantu kubhalwe phansi emlandweni. Akhula aze afike ku-5 cm ubude, futhi ahlala phakathi kwamahlamvu, ehlangana ngamaqembu ezinhlobo ezingama-50.
Naphezu kwengozi ebulalayo, abathandi bezilwane zasendle bazala umhlali waseMelika isilwane. 10.
I-Choling Listolaz / i-Phyllobates lugubris
Igama lezinhlobo zabantu abahlala ogwini lwe-Atlantic e-Central America luhambisana ngokuphelele nokubonakala kwexoxo. Imivimbo enemibala eminingi igeleza emzimbeni omnyama, ukusuka ophuzi kuya kokukhanya kombala okukhanyayo. Hhayi ubuthi njengabanye abamele umndeni we-listolaz, kepha ungazivikela ezitheni zemvelo. Ukudla ubuthi, akufihli okuningi, ngakho-ke kungatholakala kalula ezindleleni zamahlathi nasemifuleni yemifula nakwimithombo yokugcina amanzi.
I-Leafolase namehlo amakhulu amakhulu ekhanda elincane ahlukanisiwe. 9.
I-Red-backed Poison Frog / Ranitomeya reticulatus
Lobu buhle, obunobuthi obuphakathi namandla, buhlala phakathi kobuntu bemvelo basePeru. Yathola igama layo ngombala obomvu wesimilo, kanti wonke umzimba unamabala. Naphezu kobuthi obunobuthi obuningi kakhulu obukhiqizwa yi-frog gust, kwanele ukubangela izinkinga zempilo yabantu, kanye nokubulala isilwane.
Isele lithola ubuthi ngokudla izintuthwane ezinobuthi, futhi silisebenzise ngezikhathi zezingozi. Ngaletinye tikhatsi, iyaphindzeka etindzabeni letisekucingeni kwemtimba wecubu. 8.
Yenza i-tad
EPanama naseCosta Rica, kungatholakala enye yamathoyizi anobuthi kunawo wonke, enombala okhanyayo futhi ongakhuli ngaphezu kuka-5 cm. Qaphela ukuthi abesilisa bavame ukuba bancane futhi bafinyelele kubude obungamasentimitha ayi-3 kuphela. Lapho ubuthi bungena esikhunjeni, iziteshi zokuphelisa izinzwa ziyavalwa, bese ukwephulwa kokuxhumana kokunyakaza kwenzeka kumuntu, ukwehla komuntu kuqale kumuntu, futhi umphumela ophelele wakho konke lokhu kungaba ukukhubazeka okuphelele.
Ngeshwa, i-antidote ayikakakhiwa, kepha kuyadingeka ukwenza ukukhutshwa kwezidalwa ezijwayelekile ngesikhathi, bese imiphumela engalungiseki yempilo yomzimba womuntu ingagwenywa. 7.
Isihlahla seVenomous Frog / Trachycephalus venulosus
Isele elikhulu impela, elikhula libe ngu-9 cm ubude, liduma livela eBrazil, yingakho libizwa nangokuthi isiqhwaga sesihlahla saseBrazil. Unombala ongajwayelekile, ohlanganisa amabala osayizi abahlukahlukene, enza iphethini egxilile emzimbeni wonke. Isici esiyingqayizivele futhi amabala amancanyana abomvu emuva kanye nentamo ye-amphibian.
Zithanda kakhulu impilo ezihlahleni, futhi ngezikhathi zokuzalela zisondela eduze nemizimba yamanzi. Izinsikazi zibeka amaqanda emachibi nasezichibini, ezingoma ngaphandle, kepha inzalo yonke iphila ngokushesha. 6.
Little Dart frog / Oophaga pumilio
Ixoxo elincanyana kakhulu, elibomvu elishisayo lihlala phezulu ezintabeni phakathi kwezihlahla ezindala zamahlathi ashisayo aseMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. Umbala ogqamile, oshisayo ngokwangempela uwuphawu lwesixwayiso. Kungcono ukuyidlula, ukuze ungashiswa kakhulu nezinkinga zempilo.
Ubuthi bugxile ezindlebeni, futhi bawuthola ngokudla izintuthwane ezinobuthi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi unesitha esisodwa semvelo - esijwayelekile, lapho ubuthi obungena buthi bungasebenzi. 5.
UMantella Bernhardi
Isakhamuzi sesiqhingi saseMadagascar sicasha phakathi kwamaqabunga awile, sizingela izimpukane nezinye izinambuzane. Inombala omnyama obonakalayo, kanti abesilisa basenalo ucezwana ngendlela yamahhashi entanyeni. Abesifazane abanalo iphethini elinjalo, kepha likhulu kunabesilisa ngobukhulu.
Isele alinobuthi, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isikhumba sikhiqiza ubuthi obunobuthi, obuholela ekushisweni, komiso. Lolu hlobo lwe-mantella luhola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo kakhulu phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo zase-Afrika. 4.
Grey Toad / Bufo bufo
Uhla lokusatshalaliswa kwengwevu engwevu lubanzi impela, ukusuka ekudlulisweni kweSiberia kweRussia kuya entshonalanga nesiqeshana seYurophu naseNyakatho ne-Afrika. I-toad enkulu kunazo zonke ehlala eYurophu nayo inobuthi. Ubuthi bezinkukhu buyingozi ikakhulukazi emfuyweni, nakubantu. Kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ukuthi ubuthi bale amphibian bungena emehlweni noma kolwelwesi lwamafinyila lomlomo wesibeletho.
Elinye iphuzu elijabulisayo, ngesikhathi sengozi, i-toad ithatha indawo esongelayo, ikhuphuka phezulu emaweleni ayo. 3.
I-Spotted Poison Frog / Ranitomeya variabilis
Ungahlangana nalobu buhle behlathi, omzimba wakhe upendiwe ngamabala anemibala namasayizi ahlukahlukene, kuphela kubukhulu bePeru, nase-Ecuador. Kepha lobu buhle buyakhohlisa, ngoba ixoxo lingenye yezidalwa ezinobuthi kakhulu eLatin America. Ngisho nenani elincane lobuthi lanele ukubulala abantu aba-5.
Ubuthi bunobuthi kangangokuba ukuthinta okukhanyayo kwe-amphibian kungadala ingozi enkulu empilweni. Enye induduzo ukuthi isele lihle kakhulu futhi alisoze lahlasela kuqala. 2.
I-Aha / Rhinella marina
I-toad enobuthi eshisayo inendawo yesibili ehloniphekile phakathi kwazo zonke izinto zobuthi, kepha ubuthi bayo bibuholela kubaholi phakathi kwama-amphibians anobuthi. Umbono omkhulu kunabo bonke ufinyelele osayizi abangama-24 cm, yize ngokwesilinganiso isinaphi sikhula sisuka ku-15 siye ku-17 cm. Sivela eCentral America, kepha ukulwa nezilokazane kwalethwa e-Australia, kusuka lapho i-Aga yahlala eziqhingini zase-Oceania.
Ubuthi obuqine kakhulu buthinta inhliziyo futhi buthinta nohlelo lwezinzwa. Into eyingozi kunazo zonke ukuthi i-toad eluhlaza ingadubula ubuthi kude. 1.
I-Terrible Leaf Lizard / Phyllobates terribilis
Ihlathi elincane kunawo wonke emaphethelweni aseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeColombia ixoxo elinobuthi kunabo bonke emhlabeni.
Abantu abadala bakhula bangadluli ku-2-4 cm, futhi umbala uhlukile futhi uqhakazile. Amaxoxo aphuzi anobuthi kangangokuba ngisho nokuwuthinta kancane kuwo kwanele ukubangela ukufa. I-phyllobates terribilis ayinobuthi, bese kuthi, ngokuqeda izinambuzane, iba nobuthi.
Into ethokozisa kakhulu ukuthi ekuthunjweni, isele elinobuthi laseColombia lihlehla ubuthi balo, ngoba azikho izinambuzane ekudleni ezifaka isandla ekukhiqizeni ubuthi obulalayo.
Fingqa
Ngakho-ke sihlangane, sihlangana namaxoxo amahle, kodwa ayingozi kakhulu, futhi, ngeshwa, imilayezo ekhuluma ngoshevu kubantu onamaxoxo ivame ukufika ezindabeni zezindaba. Emvelweni, konke kucatshangwa ngemininingwane emincane kakhulu, futhi umbala ongafani nokubukeka kwama-amphibians kusebenza njengohlobo lwesixwayiso sokuthi unesidalwa esiyingozi nesinoshevu.
Ukuphakela kukaBernhard Mantell
UMantell angadliwa ama-aphid kanye noDrosophila. Izinambuzane akufanele ziqukethe ama-pesticides. Izinduna akufanele zinikezwe ufulawa.
IMantella Bernhard iyimbubhiso eMadagascar. Abantu abadala Bernhard mantellas bondliwa kanye ngosuku, futhi amasele akhulayo adliwa kaningana ngosuku. Akunakwenzeka ukweqisa la maxoxo. Kufakwa amavithamini kanye ne-calcium amaningi ekudleni kanye noma kabili ngesonto.
I-Bernhard mantell ukuhambisana nezinye izakhamuzi ze-terrarium
Lezi zingubo zokulala zivumelana kahle nama-geckos eMadagascar. Abesilisa be-Bernhard mantellas bakhombisa ukuziphatha komhlaba, bavikela amasayithi abo ngenkuthalo. Ngokuvamile, ubudlova bendawo buhlala ngaphakathi kubo bobabili ubulili, kwabesilisa kuphela kuyaphinyiselwa.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, abesilisa bakhombisa ukuziphatha ezweni futhi bayacula. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukwandisa inani lokuphakelwa futhi ufafaze amanzi ngaphezu kwe-substrate esimweni sezulu esishisayo. Ukulinganiselwa kwabesilisa nabesilisa kufanele kube 2 noma 3 kuya ku-1. Ukuthandana kwe-mantel akunakubambeka, ngoba kwenzeka ngasese.
Izinsuku eziningana ngemuva kokubeka amaqanda akufanele kuthintwe. Ama-Tadpoles agcinwa ku-terarium eguqukayo, lapho izinga lokushisa ligcinwa kuma-degrees angama-21-25. Uma ngemuva kwamahora angama-30 kungabonakali ukuthi imibungu ikhula emaqanda, khona-ke ukukhulelwa akukenzanga. Amaqanda kufanele afafazwe njalo ngamanzi.
Lapho zizalela ama-manteled ekudingisweni, inani elikhulu lamaqanda lihlala lingafakwanga.Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-2-6, izibungu. Ngenkathi ama-tadpoles akhula, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza amanzi emikhiqizweni yomsebenzi wawo obalulekile. Ukuze amaxoxo afinyelele emhlabathini, kuyadingeka ukwenza ugu lolwandle olunomunyu, luboshwe nge-moss.
Ama-tadpoles aseMantella ayimishanguzo, kepha angadla ukudla kwenyama nezinhlanzi, futhi anikwa ne-lettuce. AmaMantellas, amasentimitha angama-5 ukuya kwangu-10 ngosayizi, abakhethe umhlaba, babekwa emigqonyeni yepulasitiki ehlukile, engaphansi yayo ihlotshiswe nge-moss, baphinde bafaka nesitsha samanzi esinobubanziamasentimitha ayi-2,5.
Abantu abasha bondliwa ama-aphid, ngoba iDrosophila inkulu kakhulu kubo. Kulesi sigaba sokuthuthuka, cishe ama-30-50% e-mantel ayafa, kungakhathalekile ukuthi kudliwani. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-12, umbala wama-mantellas uyagqama, futhi ubude bomzimba bufinyelela kumamilimitha ayi-10-14.
Ama-mantels ama-Bernhard azwela kakhulu ekushintsheni kwemvelo.
Isifo sikaBernhard Mantell
Lamaxoxo ikakhulukazi ayagula ngenxa yezimo ezingezinhle. Imvamisa, ama-mantelles abanjwe emvelweni athelelelwa ngamagciwane, ngakho-ke amasele kufanele athengwe ezitolo. Umuntu ngamunye omusha kufanele abekwe yedwa emavikini ama-2.
Ngomswakama ophezulu ku-terrarium, ama-manteled athuthukisa izifo ezinhlobonhlobo zamagciwane. Imvamisa, i-mantella ihlushwa yi-leg cramp syndrome, eyenzeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, kanye namagciwane Aeromonas hydrophilia.
Ukunaka, NAMUHLA!
Yabelana ezinkundleni zokuxhumana: Kuyafana
Ukutholwa okuhle okwenziwe ngabacwaningi base-Ireland. Bathola ukuthi ama-amphibians aseMadagascar ukuphela kwezilwane emhlabeni ezikwazi ukukhiqiza ushukela. Phambilini, lawo makhono atholakala ezitshalweni kuphela, kubika iDiscovery.
Inhlanganisela engajwayelekile ikhiqiza isikhumba samasele wohlobo lweMantella. Kodwa-ke, ukuzama ukukhotha i-amphibian kungaphela ngokudabukisayo. Isikhumba sibuye sikhiqize ubuthi, njengoba kufakazelwa umbala okhanyayo wezilwane.
U-Herpetologist Valerie Clark nozakwabo base-Queen's University Belfast bathola konke lokhu ngenkathi behlola ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ezimfihlo ezifihlwe yisikhumba semithambo ye-genera Mantella, Epipedobates ne-Dendrobates.
Ososayensi bathole ukuthi ushukela ungena emzimbeni wamasele ngokudla, ngoba ama-amphibians abafakwa ekudingisweni babengenayo i-sucrose esikhunjeni sabo. Bona, ngokungafani nabameli basendle bohlobo lweMantella, abadingi izintuthwane ezithola ushukela kusuka ekunciphiseni kwezitshalo. Eziswini zamasele asendle, izazi zezinto eziphilayo zathola izinsalela zokudla ezingaba ngamakhulu ayisithupha, iningi lazo kwakuyizintuthwane. Kuvela ukuthi izinto ezimnandi zidluliselwa kusuka ezitshalweni ziye ezinambuzaneni, bese kuba ngama-amphibians.
Kungani kufanele amasele anobuthi abe mnandi, ososayensi abakwazanga ukunquma. Kodwa baqonda ukuthi kungani isikhumba ama-amphibians eMadagascar secrete bile acid. Esihlokweni esikuJenali Yemikhiqizo Yemvelo, babhala ukuthi umkhiqizo we-metabolic ngokuxhumanisa izinhlanganisela eziyingozi uvikela amalungu ohlobo lweMantella kubuthi bawo.
Kwividiyo engezansi, uClark "unambitha" enye ixoxo (hhayi elimnandi). Kodwa-ke, isazi sebhayoloji esinesibindi asincomi muntu ukuthi aphindaphinde isenzo sabo: "Ukukhotha isele elingalungile kungaphetha kabi kakhulu."
Ithebula: Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Boophis ankarafensis
Ukuhlonza | I-Tailless |
Umndeni | Ama-Mantellas (lat.Mantellidae) |
Umusa | Ama-paddles aseMadagascar (lat. Boophis) |
Buka | I-Boophis ankarafensis |
Indawo | I-Ankaraf Ihlathi ePhalamende laseSahalamaz, eMadagascar. |
Ubukhulu | Abesifazane: 28-29 mm. Abesilisa: 23-24 mm |
Inani nesikhundla sezinhlobo | Encane ngenani. Uhlobo lwemvelo olusengozini yokushabalala. |
Ngenxa yokuhlasela kwamuva nje kocwaningo ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nentshonalanga yeMadagascar, izinhlobo ezithile zezilwane ezintsha zatholakala. Ukutholwa okuthakazelisa kakhulu kwakuyixoxo elincane elivela ku-genoph Boophis, enesici esisodwa esiyingqayizivele.
Kwaqanjwa leli cwecwe elisha I-Boophis ankarafensis ukuhlonipha ihlathi eliyintombiweyo le-Ankaraf, lapho latholakala khona. Kungokwalabo abahlobo beMadagascar paddler (lat. Boophis), ingxenye yomndeni wakwaMantella (lat. Mantellidae). Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezingama-75 zalolu hlobo lwesifo ziyaziwa, zonke ziyizidakamizwa eMadagascar nesiqhingi saseMayotte futhi zitholwe muva nje.
I-Boophis ankarafensis iselesele esincane esihlala ezihlahleni eziseduze nemifudlana nemifudlana. Isikhumba sakhe sicishe sibe sobala, kepha hhayi kangako njengamaxoxo engilazi - ungabuka amathambo nezinhlaka zezitho ezithile, akukho okunye. Umbala uluhlaza okhanyayo, ocishe ube luhlaza okotshani. Isidumbu sonke esiphakeme simbozwe amabala abomvu aqhakazile okungenzeka ukuthi axwayisa ngengozi - wonke amalungu ohlobo alunobuthi. Abesilisa bancipha kancane ngosayizi kwabesifazane: 23-24 mm uma kuqhathaniswa nama-28-29 mm.
Ukugqamiswa okuyinhloko kwe-B. ankarafensis, kungashiwo ukuthi, izingqimba zezinyathelo ezi-3 esikhundleni se-2 evamile, i.e. esikhundleni se- "kva-kva" bamemeza "kva-kva-kva" - into eyingqayizivele futhi engakaze ibonwe, akekho omunye frog oveza imisindo enjalo.
Lokhu kutholwa kwenziwa enhlonhlo yasenyakatho nentshonalanga yeSakhalamaz yiqembu lamazwe omhlaba lososayensi abavela e-University of Kent e-University of Kent e-Conservation of Species and Ecology, eholwa nguDkt Goncalo Rosa. Njengoba abacwaningi bephawula:
Le ndawo ingenye yezifunda ezihlolwe kabi eMadagascar futhi ingasifihlela inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ezingaziwa yisayensi. Cishe akukho cwaningo lokukhishwa kwe-Sakhalamaz oluphelele ngaphandle kwemizwa emincane; okokugcina, ngokwesibonelo, izinhlobo ezimbili zama-amphibians zatholakala: I-Boophis tsilomaro neCophyla berara.
Ngeshwa, B. ankarafensis isengozini yokuqothulwa. Ngokusobala, ibanga langaphambili lezinhlobo lalibanzi kakhulu, kepha manje baphoqeleka ukuba baneliswe ngesihlahla esincane sehlathi, izimo zemvelo eziwohloka kancane kancane. Ababhali bezinto ezitholakele basikisela ukuthi i-amphibian ifakwe ohlwini lwe-IUCN enesimo esithi "Izinhlobo Endangered".