Le nyoni incane kunondlunkulu - cishe isukela ku-13-14 cm ngosayizi futhi icishe ibe ngu-15-20 g. Uhlangothi olungaphezulu lomzimba lube nsundu ngemisinga elula. Umphimbo nesifuba zibomvu. Kusukela uqhwaku ngasesweni kuphuma umucu onsundu onsundu. Kudlula iso elinombala omhlophe. Insikazi inombala okhanya kancanyana kunowesilisa.
I-Coinage itholakala cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo ezindaweni ezivulekile, kepha ifinyelela ngobuningi bayo obukhulu ezimfundeni ezikhukhulayo. Imvamisa kakhulu ingabonakala ihleli phezu kwesihenqo sotshani futhi yenze imisindo ethi "hlola, hlola, hlola ...". Isidleke sihlela emhlabathini, imvamisa ngaphansi kwesihlahla se-sorrel yamahhashi, esinye isitshalo esikhulu esinesiqu. Isidleke siyinkomishi engajulile, esontekile kusuka ngeziqu ezomile namaqabunga ezitshalo ezine-herbaceous. Ugqoko luboshwe ngemicu emincane yamabele, ngezikhathi ezithile izinwele noboya. Ukwenziwa komzimba kunamaqanda ama-5-7 acwebezelayo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka; kwesinye isikhathi kungahle kube nezithelo ezibomvu ekugcineni. Izinyoni ezincane zishiya izidleke zazo ngoJuni nangoJulayi. Ngo-Agasti - ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba, ukuhamba kwama-minters kwenzeka.
Idla ikakhulu izinambuzane, izibungu, iminenke, izicabucabu namajikijolo.
I-Macaw parrot
Igama lesi Latin: | Saxicola |
Igama lesiNgisi: | I-Whinchat |
Umbuso: | Izilwane |
Uhlobo: | Chordate |
Isigaba: | Izinyoni |
Ukuhlonza: | Ama-Passerines |
Umndeni: | I-Drozdov |
Umusa: | Kwenziwe |
Ubude bomzimba: | 15 cm |
Ubude bephiko: | 7-8 cm |
I-Wingspan: | 18—21 cm |
Isisindo: | 20 g |
Ukuchazwa kwenyoni
Ama-Chasers aluhlobo lwezinyoni zomndeni we-thrush. Ngobukhulu, lezi zinyoni zincanyana kunondlunkulu basendlini, ezinomsila omfishane, futhi zisebenza kakhulu. Ubude bemizimba yabo buba ngu-15 cm, isisindo sifinyelela ku-20 g. Isici esiyingqayizivele sokuziphatha kwezezimali ngumkhuba wokubopha umsila wayo futhi, ngokungathi kunjalo, "ukhothama".
Izici ezijwayelekile ku-plumage yamadoda ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuqunjelwa ibele elibomvu le-orange, i-eyebrow emhlophe kanye ne "mask" emnyama phambi kwamehlo. Izinsikazi zilula, ishiya lazo alivezwa njalo. Amancane ngombala wezinsiba afanana nezintokazi, ezinyinyaneni ezincane umhlane uhlotshiswe ngemoto ekhanyayo, futhi isisu simnyama.
Izici Zokudla
Uhlobo lwemali ingeyezinyoni ezingavikeleki. Isisekelo sokudla izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, izibungu, izicabucabu, iminenke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inyoni ingadla kumajikijolo kanye nembewu. Izinhlamvu zemali ziqoqa inyamazane yazo otshanini phansi. Okokuqala, babheka ngokucophelela izinambuzane ezivela "kumakhambi" akhiwe ngenhla. Ngesinye isikhathi angabamba izinambuzane emoyeni njengoba kwenza ama-flytraps.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwemali ngemvelo
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemali zitholakala kulo lonke izwekazi lase-Europe. Izindondo zemali ezakhiwe edonsa zitholakala kusuka emifuleni yasePechora nase-Arkhangelsk kuya eCaucasus naseKazakhstan, ngisho naseSiberia. Izinyoni zasebusika ezwenikazi lase-Afrika.
Ama-Minters athanda izidleke ezindaweni ezinomswakama futhi ovulekile - ukubhukuda, amadlelo, izihlahla.
Ingabe kuyinyoni efudukayo?
Izinhlobo ezifudukayo zincike endaweni ethize yokuhlala kwabantu. Izakhamizi ezingapheli zezindawo zaseYurophu ezifudumele - izimbotshana ezinamakhanda amnyama - zifudukela ebusika ziye eningizimu, eduze neMedithera noma enyakatho ye-Afrika. Izakhamizi zamazwe afudumele ase-Asia - ama-coinage amakhulu - awadingi indiza ebusika.
Imali enkulu
Izinhlobo zivame e-Asia (Bhutan, China, India, Kazakhstan, Nepal, Mongolia). Le nyoni ihlala ezintabeni, ikhetha imithambeka ye-alpine ne-subalpine for nesting. Uhlamvu lwemali olukhulu luxazululwa kakhulu, akuvamisile ukuba inyoni. Ngokubukeka kufana nendunduma.
Uhlobo luhlukaniswa njengolusengozini, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokulahleka kwezithathi ezidingekayo ukuze inyoni iphile. Namuhla, inani labantu abakhulu abangama-mint 2500 - 10 000 abantu.
Iminti enamakhanda amnyama
Inhlobo ifinyelela ku-12 cm ubude, isisindo somzimba esingu-10- 13. g Iplamu emnyama ekhanda kanye nomucu omhlophe entanyeni yizo izimpawu zomuntu wesilisa. Amapayipi asesifubeni sakhe abomvu-orenji, akhanya. Umbala wezinsikazi uvulekile.
Iminti enamakhanda amnyama ithanda ukuhlala ezindaweni ezivulekile ezinezihlahla ezingadingekile, ngokwesibonelo, imfucumfucu namaxhaphozi. Le nyoni itholakala enkabeni nasempumalanga yeYurophu; ebusika indizela eningizimu nasentshonalanga yezindawo zayo.
Owesilisa nowesifazane baxoshwa: umehluko omkhulu
Ama-mint ane-dimorphism yezocansi. Abesilisa, njengomthetho, bakhulu futhi amaplamu abo aqhakazile kunawabesifazane. Ngakho-ke, zinesifuba esibonakala kakhulu futhi esigqanyisiwe esibomvu se-orange, kuyilapho kwabesifazane kuyinto elula, e-oranges ephuzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imihlobiso enjengemichilo emhlophe ekhanda noma entanyeni ikhona kuzinsikazi zabesilisa. Nezinsikazi azinazo. Abantu abasha babukeka njengabesifazane.
Ukuze ugcine uhlaka lwemali, uzodinga ukhokho ophakeme nosayizi omncane ongama-60 cm ngama-30 cm ngama-90 cm. Ikheji kufanele libe nezigxobo noma amahlumela.
Ekuqaleni, le nyoni ingathusa futhi inamahloni, kepha isheshe isetshenziswe kumuntu, futhi icishe ibe yincwadi. Uhlamvu lwemali lungakhishwa ngokuphephile ezinkanjini luvunyelwe ukundiza luthi luthi shu endlini - inyoni luzohlala lusondele kulowo muntu.
Ungayondla kanjani uhlamvu lwemali ekhaya?
Izinhlamvu zemali azithembeki kokudla, futhi zidla ngokuzithandela ingxube evamile yezinyoni ezingavikeleki. Ingxubevange ye-Nightingale ngokufakwa kwezingcezu zezithelo namajikijolo ilungele ukwenziwa kwezimpawu. Ubumnandi bangempela ongabunyathela ngalo inyoni yizimpethu zikafulawa.
Ukujaha ukucula
Ekukhalazweni kokukhala nokukhala kakhulu ko mint, imisindo "thuja-tui-isheke-isheke", "hee-hee-hlola-isheke", "yyu-yu-chik-chik" Kuyabonakala ngokuphelele. Lesi sinxusa sidonsela insikazi ukuxosha futhi isiza inyoni ukumaka indawo yayo. Abesilisa bahlabelela emahlahleni amade nasezihlahleni.
Isihlabelelo esikhulu sezinyoni siqukethe ukukhonkotha okusheshayo nokukhonkotha, lapho kuzwakala khona ukukhamba, ukugedla kwamakhala nokukhala ngekhwelo. Owebisi bangabuye baxube futhi bakopishe amazwi ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni.
Abesilisa bahlabelela kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Izindawo zokuhlala, ukusatshalaliswa
Ingabe ikhona inyoni ejaha yonke indawo? Iminti ixazululwa ikakhulu ezimbangeni ezinotshani obude noma izihlahlana ezilukhuni ezineziqu ezilukhuni ezisetshenziswa yizinyoni njengezengezo.
Ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu yeYurophu bakhetha indawo enomswakama omningi, amadlelo anezintaba eziphakeme, imiphetho yamasifudumezi e-coniffort atholakala phezulu ngamamitha angama-700-2200 ngaphezu kolwandle. izilwandle.
Izindawo zokuhanjiswa zixhomeke kuhlobo lwenyoni. Isibonelo, i-meadow mint (evame kakhulu) itholakala ikakhulu e-Eurasia. Futhi eYurophu, ukusatshalaliswa kwabo akuhambeli eningizimu ngaphezu komaki wama-43 degree of North latitude.
Izindawo zokuhlala kwezinyoni zaseMint eRussia ziyizindawo ezisuka eNyakatho Caucasus ziye e-Arkhangelsk, umngcele wazo ufinyelela eKazakhstan (engxenyeni esentshonalanga), naseNtshonalanga Siberia ukuya emaphethelweni aphezulu eYenisei. Incamela lolu hlobo ukuhlala ezinhlangeni ezixubile zesikhukhula. Kutholakala futhi emaphethelweni, emiseleni, emadlelo, emasimini, emaqashini angenamuntu, kucace.
Izici zezwi
Ingoma yohlamvu lwemali i-grinding grind, i-trill kanye ne-creaks, ikhwela ngeziqeshana ezihlukile kule nkathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi inemisindo nemisho ethile. Izingoma ze-mehend kanye nezingoma ezinamakhanda amnyama ziyefana.
Imvamisa indoda eculayo ihlala egatsheni elikhulu elivelele esihlahleni noma esihlahleni, uthango, esihlahleni sotshani esiphakeme kakhulu. Iyakwazi ukucula ngokungahambi kakhulu kwendiza yamanje. Ucula kakhulu ngesikhathi sangaphambi kokudlela, futhi ngazo zonke izikhathi zosuku, futhi nasebusuku. Ngesikhathi sokudlekwa, umsebenzi onjalo wehla kakhulu.
Ama-alamu nezingcingo ezivame kakhulu zokwenziwa kwemibhalo akayona kakhulu "isheke-isheke", "isheke", "hi-hlola-isheke", "yu-chik-chik", njll.
I-Nesting
Ukujaha isidleke sezinyoni kuhlale kuhlelwe phansi, endaweni yokuphumula embozwe kahle, phakathi kotshani, izihlahla, umquba. Lesi sidleke sakhiwe ngotshani obuluhlaza, utshani obuhle, kanti ugqoko luboshwe ngemichilo emincane yotshani noma ngoboya obukhulu.
Imvamisa kuma-clutch kunamaqanda angafika ku-5-6, lawo ma-mint mint aqhakaza umbala kunawamakhanda amnyama. Zipendiwe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onombala obomvu noma onsomi. Kungaba khona indawo ethokomele ekugcineni. Amaqanda ahlanganiswa kuphela ngowesifazane izinsuku ezingaba ngu-13. Ehlobo, kungahle kube nama-brood amabili.
Umsoco
Ekudleni, lezi zinyoni azithobeki. Inyoni le mint idla kakhulu izinambuzane, eziqoqana notshani. Ukudlengwa kuvame ukufunwa kokunye okungeziwe okuphansi. Futhi emoyeni, i-coinage ingabamba izinambuzane.
Kusukela maphakathi nehlobo zizulazula ngama-broods, ngokucula noma ngamaqembu amancane. Baqala ukundiza ubusika ukusuka ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuya kuSepthemba.
Ekhaya, zingondliwa ngokuxutshwa okujwayelekile kwezinyoni ezingavikeleki. Ukudla kwase-Nightingale ngama-admixtures wezingcezu zamajikijolo nezithelo kubalungele. Ubumnandi bokubumba imibala yizikelemu zikafulawa.
Ekugcineni
Ukufuduka kohlobo lwemali kuncike endaweni yokuhlala kwabantu. Isibonelo, izakhamuzi ezingapheli zezindawo ezifudumele zaseYurophu (abahluli bamakhanda abamnyama) bathuthela eduze kwezindawo zaseMedithera noma ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho ne-Afrika ebusika. Izakhamizi zamazwe ase-Asia (ama-coinage amakhulu) - azinaso isidingo esinjalo - zihlala ezweni lazo elinelanga.
Izindawo zokuhlala zeHabitat
I-Meadow minting itholakala kunoma yiziphi izindawo ezinezikhala ezivulekile, kepha ithanda ukuhlala ezindaweni ezikhulukazi zotshani obuhlukahlukene, lapho ifinyelela inani elikhulu kunawo. Le nyoni itholakala emaphethelweni nasekukheni, kumadlelo nasemadlelo, ekucekelweni nasezindaweni eziwugwadule.
Iminti ihlala emasimini enezihlahlana ezinogqinsi noma notshani abade abaneziqu ezilukhuni, abazisebenzisayo njengezengezo. Eningizimu yeYurophu ukhetha izimbotshana ezinomswakama, amadlelo aluhlaza, imiphetho yamahlathi e-coniffort akhiwe endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-700 kuye kwangama-2200 ngaphezu kolwandle. Esipilini kuvame ukuyeka ukondla emasimini.
Ukuhlabelela kufana nokujaha emabhasini amade neziqu.
Ukufuduka Kwezinhlamvu zemali ZikaMint
Inyoni efudukayo. Ngebusika indiza iya ezifundeni zase-Afrika ezisenkabazwe. Indiza ezindaweni ezingena esidlekeni ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho izimbali zimbozwe ngotshani obuluhlaza. Ukuhamba kwe-Autumn kuqala Agasti.
Isikhathi sokuphila kwendunduma edlulayo yiminyaka engama-6-8.