Ngingathanda ukuphendula umbuzo wabafundi bethu ngokuthi ingubani i-narwhal - isilwane noma inhlanzi. Lesi isilwane esidliwayo esinamaphaphu. Lolu kuphela uhlobo lwe-narwhal.
I-narwhal yesilwane, noma i-unicorn yasemanzini, ehlala e-Arctic Ocean, iyisihlobo esiseduze semikhomo ye-beluga futhi singamalungu omndeni wama-cetaceans.
Ukubukeka
Lesi isilwane esikhulu kakhulu - i-narwhal. Isisindo sayo (owesilisa) sifinyelela kumathani ayi-1.5. Ubude bomuntu omdala ngamamitha ayi-4,5, kuze kufike kumitha elilodwa nesigamu ubude bamawundlu. Isisindo esingaphezu kwengxenye yesisindo se-narwhal esikhulile sinamafutha. Izinsikazi ziba nenhle ngokwengeziwe, isisindo sazo singamakhilogremu angama-900.
Ngaphandle, ama-narwhals afana kakhulu nama-belugas. Kepha zihlukaniswa uphondo olukhulu. Kaningi ibizwa ngokuthi i-tusk. Lokhu ukwakheka okukhulu futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside amamitha angama-2,5 ubude nesisindo esingu-10 kg. Imisebenzi iyakwazi ukugoba ngezindlela ezihlukile, ngenkathi ingephuli.
Yini uphondo lwe-narwhal
Imisebenzi ye-tusk namanje ingaqondakali ngokuphelele. Kuyiqiniso, namuhla ososayensi basho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi akuhloselwe ukubhoboza uqweqwe lweqhwa noma ukuhlasela umuntu ohlukumezekile.
Ekuqaleni, le nguqulo ivezwa ukuthi i-narwhal yesilwane isebenzisa uphondo lwayo emidlalweni yokuphephisa - ukuheha abesifazane. Kwakususelwa ekubukeni. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngesikhathi sokukhwelana lezi zilwanyana ezinkulu zihlala zithinta izisu zazo.
Ngo-2005, ukuphuma kwesayensi okwabheka impilo yama-narwhals kwafika esiphethweni sokuthi lokhu kwakhiwa kuzwela kakhulu. Lapho ulifunda, inamba enkulu yemiphetho yezinzwa yatholakala ebusweni bayo.
Ososayensi baphinde babona ukuthi i-narwhal (isilwane) ihluke kanjani. Ukulinganisa amazinga okushisa nokuvama kwamaza kagesi, i-tusk yisihumusho esilandelayo senhloso yaso.
I-Hypersensitive tusk
Uphondo lwe-narwhal luhlonishwa futhi lubaluleke kakhulu emasikweni ahlukene - kungaba ngumhlobiso wezihlalo zobukhosi nasezigodlweni. ENgilandi, i-narwhal tusk yaba yinduku yobukhosi. INdlovukazi u-Elizabeth ngelinye ithawula lalesi siqhingi esisenyakatho wakhokha ngekhulu le-16 isamba esimnandi salezo zikhathi - amakhilogremu ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi. Ngale mali ungakha isigodlo. Kungani inqubo imangalisa kangaka?
Ama-narwhals ayisigatshana esincane semikhomo okuthiwa i-toothed. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, empeleni ziyizidalwa ezinamabala. Akunazinyo emhlathini ongezansi, futhi ngaphezulu kukhona ama-primordia amabili kuphela. Ama-Cub angaba namabhangqa ayisithupha aphezulu nangaphezulu kwamazinyo aphansi, kepha aphuma ngokushesha okukhulu, bese kuthi kuqhamuke i-tusk endaweni yezinyo langakwesobunxele emadodeni, okuthi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwesilwane ifinyelele ku-2-3 m ubude, ku-7 cm cm ubukhulu nokuningi 10 kg wesisindo. Imikhono emide ihlobisa abesilisa kuphela. Kwensikazi, uphondo luqondile futhi lufishane. Kuyaqabukela, kepha kuyenzeka ukuthi womabili amazinyo kubantu besifazane avele abe ngamachilo, futhi emadodeni i-canine engakwesobunxele ayiphenduki uphondo, kepha lokhu kuyivelakancane kakhulu.
I-narwhal tusk engaphezulu yayo ine-spiral trickle (ukusika), ekhulisa kakhulu amandla ayo. Lokhu kusika kuvela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi: ngokunyakaza kokuhumusha kwesilwane, i-husk, ukunqoba ukumelana okunamandla kwamanzi, ijikeleza ngokuzungeza i-axis yayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, imifino yokuvunguza iyasikwa ezindongeni zemithombo ebusweni bayo ekwakheni.
Akuvamile ukuthi abesilisa batholwe nezimbotshana ezimbili, ezakheka zisuka emazinyweni amabili. Ngokwezibalo, izilwane ezinjalo zitholakala koyedwa kubantu abadala abangama-500.
Ngokumangazayo, ngisho nanamuhla, i-narwhal yesilwane, futhi ikakhulukazi uphondo lwayo, ihlala iyimfihlo kososayensi emhlabeni wonke. Kufundwe kancane.
Namuhla, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi i-husk ivumela i-narwhal ukuzwa ushintsho lokushisa, ingcindezi, kanye nokugcotshwa kwezinhlayiya ezimisiwe emanzini.
Indlela yokuphila
INarwhal iyisilwane (sithumele isithombe kule ndatshana), ebusika sihamba siqonde ku-1.5 km. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze uzivikele emanzini acwebile e-Arctic. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, inyukela phezulu ngemuva komoya iphinde iye ekujuleni. Emini wenza ama-dives angaba ngu-15. Ngaphezu kwalokho, fat subcutaneous kuyisivikelo esinokwethenjelwa ekubandakanyeni kubanda kuma-narwhals. Isendlalelo saso kwesinye isikhathi singaphezu kuka-10 cm. Ehlobo, lezi zilwane zivame ukuba ngamamitha angama-30 kuye kwangama-300.
Umndeni
I-narwhal yesilwane ingaphila yodwa noma eqenjini elincane labesilisa noma abesifazane abadala abangafika kwabangu-10.
Phambilini, lezi zimidondoshiya zazakha imihlambi emikhulu, zibalwa ngamakhulu ambalwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinkulungwane zamakhanda. Namuhla kuyaqabukela kungenzeka ukuthi uhlangane neqembu lenhloso engaphezu kwekhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-belugas uwajoyina.
Njengamanye ama-cetaceans emihlambi, lezi zilwane ziyaxhumana nomunye ngokusebenzisa imisindo. Imvamisa, le yimisindo ebukhali njengokushaya ikhwela, ukububula, ukuqhafaza, ukugquma, ukugoqa, ukudonsa.
Ukuzala
Ukuhluma kwenzeka entwasahlobo. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-14, umjikelezo ophelele wokuzala uyiminyaka engama-2-3. Imvamisa kuzalwa umuntu, ikakhulukazi ngamawundlu amabili. Ukuthomba kufika eminyakeni engu-7. Awekho amacala okwenziwa kabusha kwalezi zilwane ezethunjiwe abhaliwe.
Owesifazane wondla iwundlu ngobisi olunamafutha kakhulu izinyanga ezingama-20.
Impilo ekudingisweni
I-unicorn yamanzi ingeqembu elincane lezilwane ezingakwazi ukuhlala lithunjiwe nhlobo. Lokhu kufakazelwa yiqiniso elingenakunqotshwa lokuthi akusona isilwane esisodwa esisindile izinyanga ezingaphezu kweziyisithupha ekuthunjweni, kanti ezimweni zemvelo ziphila iminyaka engama-55. Inani eliqondile lama-narwhals alikasungulwa, kepha ayizilwane ezincane, ezingandile ezivele zibhalwe kwiBhuku elibomvu leRussian Federation.
Ngokuzethemba okugcwele, bangabizwa ngokuthi omunye wemimangaliso ye-Arctic, okuwukuphela futhi eyingqayizivele yohlobo lwayo.
Habitat
Sesikushilo ukuthi lezi zilwane ezinamandla zihlala ezifundeni ezisenyakatho ezinzima. Okuvame kakhulu olwandle lwe-Arctic, e-Arctic Ocean. AmaNarwhals angatholakala ogwini lwaseGreenland, kanye nasezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho yesiqhingi seCanada Arctic.
Amaqembu amancane abhaliswa enyakatho mpumalanga yeFranz Josef Land, akuvamile kakhulu phakathi kweKolyma neCape Barrow. Lokhu kungenxa yokuntuleka kokuphakelayo - kukhona ama-cephalopods ambalwa. Iziteshi zaseNorth Pole zibhalise amaqembu ezitabane eNyakatho ye-Wrangel Island. Bahlala emanzini abandayo emaphethelweni eqhwa le-Arctic, bafuduka ngezikhathi ezithile: ehlobo - enyakatho, nasebusika - eningizimu.
Inyama yama-unicorns asemanzini idliwa ngabantu basenyakatho. Basebenzisa amanoni alezi zilwane njengendlela yesibani (i-wick). Izinduna zisetshenziselwa ukwenza izintambo, amawele. Kodwa uphondo olungaqondakali, noma i-tusk, lubaluleke ngokukhethekile. Izingcweti zaseNyakatho zenza imisebenzi yezandla ehlukahlukene kuyo.
Isibalo
I-narwhal yesilwane uhlobo oluncane olusondele ekuqothulweni. NgeNkathi Ephakathi, ngenxa yophondo lwayo, okuthi, ngokusho kwama-shamans, inamandla emilingo, lezi zilwanyana ezincelisayo zabhujiswa ngamanani amakhulu.
Ngisho nanamuhla, i-husk engajwayelekile ingadala ukubulawa kwesilwane. Ama-Eskim azisukela. Uma ezinsukwini zakudala izigqoko zeminwe zazisetshenziselwa ukuzingela, namuhla kusetshenziswa izikebhe zezimoto namadivaysi azenzakalelayo okubulala ama-narwhals.
Wonke umuntu ophakamisa isandla kulesi silwane esingajwayelekile kudingeka azi ukuthi lezi yizinkomba eziphilayo zohlelo lokuphilisana kwendalo, bazizwa nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu okuncane, bayakuqonda ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Manje kungani i-narwhal inayo le ntelezi?
Kuze kube manje, imisebenzi ye-tusk ayifundwanga, kepha ososayensi bazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi akuhloselwe ukuhlasela umuntu ohlukunyeziwe nokubhoboza uqweqwe lweqhwa. Uhlobo olunjalo lwavezwa ukuthi lesi silwane siyasidinga ukuze sifeze imidlalo yokuzalela futhi sihehe insikazi.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-narwhals ahlala esihlikihla ngalezi zimpawu. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngonyaka ka-2005, uhambo olukhethekile oluqaphele impilo yezimanjemanje lwafika esiphethweni sokuthi lesi sakhi siphenduka isidalwa esibucayi kakhulu. Ngokutadisha ngokucophelela, iziphetho eziningi zezinzwa ezihlukene zatholakala ebusweni bayo. Ngakho-ke baphakamise ukuthi i-husk futhi isebenze ekunqumeni amazinga okushisa nobubanzi be-electromagnetic.
Ahlala kuphi la makholwa?
Lezi zilwane ezinkulu zihlala emazweni anamandla. Okungukuthi, e-Arctic. Zidla kuma-mollusks ahlukahlukene nezinhlanzi. Bancamela kuphela izinhlanzi ezisezansi ezinjenge-cod, i-halibut, i-flounder kanye nama-gobies. Izitha zalezi zilwane ezibukeka zingesabi amabhere ebusika nemikhomo yokubulala.
Umhlambi wezangoma
Inyama yalezi zilwane idliwa ngabantu abahlukahlukene basenyakatho. Basebenzisa amanoni njengendlela yokukhanyisa. Kanti ama-guts asetshenziselwa ukwenza izintambo ezahlukahlukene. Futhi saziswa kakhulu, lolu phondo oluyinqaba, noma i-tusk, lapho kwenziwa khona imisebenzi eminingi yezandla.
Izinganekwane nezinkolelo ngalezi zilwane
Emakhathini asendulo, abantu abaningi bebevele bejwayela i-narwhal, futhi babenegama "ulwandle unicorn". Izindimbane nabathakathi ziveze ukuthi ziyizici zemilingo emathanjeni e-narwhal futhi zanezela kumandla abo. Isikhathi eside yayisetshenziswa njengemfanelo yesiko.
Abaphilisi bathi i-decoction ye-tusk yomhlaba yayikwazi ukwelapha noma yisiphi isifo. Lezi zilwane zazihlale zizingelwa, ama-tusks ayeshintshana ngezinto zokudla, futhi kwesinye isikhathi aze athole negolide. Maphakathi nekhulu lamashumi amabili, ukuzingela izangoma kwavalwa, kepha lokhu kuvinjelwa kwakungasebenzi. Ukulandelela abazingeli bezinkomo kwakungelula. Isiza esikhulu nomhlaba ongahambekiyo kuvimbele lokhu.
Inhloso yophondo namanje ayicaci kososayensi
Ngenxa yalokhu, le ndaba ayikaze ixazululwe. Kusukela esikhunjeni salesi silwane, bahlakulela indawo yokuhlala, abantu bonke, abantu basenyakatho. Bathi amafutha e-narwhal asiza lapho kubanda futhi akuvumeli umzimba ukuthi ukhululeke uma usatshalaliswa.
Ukuzingela lesi silo, zihamba njengomndeni. Omunye ubeka izithiyo eziyisipesheli, kanti omunye uheha isilwane ngemisindo ehlukile. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ezindaweni lapho kukhona umhlonyane.
Lapho nje lesi silwane sivele ebusweni bamanzi, bamshaya ngezinto ezibukhali balinde aze afe. Ngemuva kwalokho, wonke umndeni uyahamba uyomsusa emanzini. Basikhipha, njengomthetho, endaweni efanayo, ngoba isisindo se-narwhal asibavumeli ukuthi basithwale sonke.
Umhlonyane - ithuba lokuphefumula
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu ngokuqinisekile kuyisiqubuthu, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, laba bantu, abaphuthwe olunye uhlobo lokudla, bayovele bafe ngaphandle kwalesi silwane. Kuze kube manje, inani lalezi zilwane alikho engcupheni.
Abesifazane banesisindo esincane, umthethosisekelo ohlukile futhi basebenza kakhulu, ngokungafani nabesilisa. Ehlobo, zivame ukuza ebusweni, njengoba zivame ukudinga umoya-mpilo.
Ebusika, ama-narwhals ajulile kakhulu, athole ukudla kwawo. Ezimweni ezijwayelekile kanye nesimo sezulu ziphinde zivele njalo, kepha ekudingisweni, le nqubo ayizange ibonwe.
Zingaki izilwane ezithakazelisa kakhulu umlando zihlala emanzini amnyama nalawo abandayo e-Arctic?
Akuyona into eyindida, kepha namuhla, umuntu wazi okuningi mayelana nesikhala kunoku mayelana nezimfihlo zolwandle.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
Ukubhebhetheka
I-narwhal ihlala ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu - emanzini oLwandle i-Arctic naseNyakatho Atlantic. Izindawo ezibalulekile: Iziqhingi zaseCanada kanye nogu lwaseGreenland, amanzi aseSvalbard, uFranz Josef Land kanye namanzi azungeze isihloko esisenyakatho yeNorth Island yaseNovaya Zemlya. Izindlela ezisenyakatho kakhulu ehlobo zenzeka ukufika ku-85 ° C. n., eningizimu kakhulu (ebusika) - kuya eGreat Britain naseNetherlands, ugu lwaseMurmansk, iWhite Sea, kanye noFr. Bering.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Ama-narwhals agcinwa aculwa noma ngamaqembu amancane, imvamisa enamakhanda angama-6, 10, aqukethe abesilisa abadala, noma izinsikazi ezinamawundlu, ngaphambili kwakhiwa amaqembu amakhulu amakhulu nezinkulungwane zamakhanda. Emhlambini, njenge-belugas, ama-narwhals "ayakhuluma kakhulu." Imvamisa bakhiqiza imisindo ebukhali efana nekhwela, baphinde benze ukububula (noma ukububula), ukuqhafaza, ukuqamba, ukugoqa.
Peak mating kwenzeka entwasahlobo. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-14-15, umjikelezo ophelele wokuzala uhlanganisa iminyaka emi-2-3. U-1 uzelwe, kuyaqabukela amawundlu angama-2. Ukuvuthwa ngokobulili emadodeni kwenzeka ngobude bomzimba ongu-4 m, kwabesifazane - 3,4 m, ohambelana neminyaka engama-4-7. Isikhathi sokuphila ngokwemvelo sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-55, ekuthunjweni - kuze kube izinyanga ezi-4. Amacala wokuzala ekudingisweni ayaziwa.
Inani lezomnotho
Inyama yama-narwhals idliwa ngabantu basenyakatho, ikakhulukazi ama-Eskimos, amanoni e-narwhals asetshenziswa njengamafutha ngamalambu, futhi amathumbu asetshenziselwa ukwenza izintambo, ikakhulukazi ama-tusks lapho kwenziwa khona imisebenzi yezandla. Isikhumba se-narwhals siqukethe amavithamini amaningi kusukela kuhlobo lowe-1976, uhulumeni waseCanada wethula izindlela ezivinjelwe zokudoba: wenqabela ukubulawa kwezinsikazi kuhambisana namawundlu, aphoqelekile ukuthi azilahle ngokuphelele izilwane futhi alethe isilinganiso sonyaka ezindaweni eziphambili zokuzingela. Inyama yeNarwhal ayibalulekile ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme: kunzima ukuthola i-narwhal kunobhejane noma ushaka. Ezitolo zokudlela zesimanje, ngenhlanhla, inyama ye-narwhal ayivamile. I-narwhal ayikwazi ukuba isilwane.
Isimo Sabantu Nokuvikelwa
Uhlobo oluyivelakancane oluvikelwe lubhalwe ku-Red Book of Russia (isigaba sokutholakala: 3 - izinhlobo ezincane ezingafuneki, omele uhlobo lwe-monotypic), kanye nakuSithasiselo I CITES. Ngokungafani nama-belugas, ama-narwhals awakubekezeleli ukudingiswa.
Idatha eningi enembile ayitholakali. Ngokwesilinganiso esilukhuni, inani labo lilinganiselwa ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-30- 40 [Umthombo awucacisiwe izinsuku ezingama-538] .
Amanothi
- ↑Sokolov V.E. Isichazamazwi sezilimi ezimbili samagama ezilwane. Omama IsiLatin, isiRussia, isiNgisi, isiJalimane, nesiFulentshi. / ihlelwe yi-Acad. V. E. Sokolova. - M: Rus. lang., 1984. - S. 117. - 10,000 amakhophi.
- ↑Billo D. The ubuqili narwhal uphondo // Emhlabeni wesayensi. 12/14/2005.
Bona ukuthi i- "Narwhal" ikwezinye izichazamazwi:
NARWHAL - (IsiSwidi). Unicorn, izinyo elinezimpondo, isilwane esinjengomnwebu esinozinyo olude emhlathini ongenhla. Isichazamazwi samagama angaphandle afakiwe olimini lwesiRussia. I-Chudinov AN, 1910. izinyo elinezimpondo ze-NARVAL, unicorn, isilwane sasolwandle esivela kuhlobo lwemikhomo olunezinwele ezinde ... Isichazamazwi samagama angaphandle olimi lwaseRussia
NARWHAL - (Monodon monoceros), isifo esiwumshayabhuqe. izilwane ezincelisayo. beluga sem. dolphin. Izinyunyana, uhlobo lohlobo. Ngoba kufika ku-6.1 m, isisindo esingu-1 1.5 t. Amakhanda ayindilinga. Khanya umbala ngenqwaba. amabala amnyama (amaswidi amnyama). Kwabesilisa (kuyaqabukela kwabesifazane) ku ... ... Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary
Narwhal - IMonodon monoceros bheka futhi i-6.2.2. I-Genus Narwhals Monodon Narwhal Monodon monoceros (emhlathini ongenhla). Kwinsikazi, ngokuvamile azinqumi, futhi kowesilisa, izinyo elilodwa (imvamisa kwesobunxele, akuvamile kakhulu) liphenduka libe yi-3 m (i-3 m), iqonde, i-helical ... Izilwane zaseRussia. Isiqondisi
narwhal - a, m. Narval m. & I-LT, i-sw., Izinsuku., Noma. i-narhval. Isilwane sasolwandle esivela endaweni ephakathi nendawo enamazinyo amade ngesimo sophondo, i-unicorn. I-ALS 1. INarwhal. 1788. Igama Nat. Empumalanga. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ulwandle lukhiqiza izilwane ezinkulu kunazo zonke, ngokwesibonelo, umkhomo kanye ... ... Isichazamazwi esingokomlando se-Russian Gallicisms
NARWHAL - (Unicorn) izilwane zasolwandle zomndeni wamahlengethwa. Ubude bude bufika ku-6 m, bunesisindo esingamathani ayi-1.5. Kumadoda, kukhiqizwa isicubu esingakwesobunxele kuphela, sikude kakhulu (kufika ku-3 m). Emanzini e-arctic. Kancane, kuvikelwe ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
NARWHAL - I-NARVAL, i-narwhal, umyeni. (I-French narvale) (i-zoo.). Ifana ne-unicorn ku-1 znach. Isichazamazwi esichazayo Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. Ngo-1935 1940 ... Isichazamazwi Esichazayo se-Ushakov
NARWHAL - umyeni. Izinhlanzi zeMonodon, unicorn wasolwandle, izinyo elinezimpondo, livela emndenini wehlengethwa, i-viviparous, elinama-spindles emqhele ekhanda. Isichazamazwi Esichazayo sikaDahl. KANYE. Dahl. Ngo-1863 1866 ... Isichazamazwi SikaDahl sika
narwhal - isibizo, inani lamagama afanayo: 4 • dolphin (28) • Unicorn (20) • monoceros (2) • ... Isichazamazwi
narwhal - a, m. narwhal] Izilwane zasolwandle ezingajwayelekile zomndeni. dolphin, inensimbi ende emhlathini ongenhla, i-unicorn. ◁ UNarwhal, oh, oh. N. tusk. * * * narwhal (unicorn), isilwane sasolwandle somndeni wamahlengethwa.Ubude bufika ku-6 m, isisindo kufika ku-1.5 t ... isichazamazwi se-Encyclopedic
Narwhal - i-unicorn (iMonodon monoceros), isilwane esidla ubhedu somndeni wama-beluga dolphin. Ubude bomzimba besifazane bufika kumamitha ayi-5, abesilisa bafinyelela ku-6 m (isisindo esingange-1 t), izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa cishe zingamamitha ayi-1.5. Ikhanda liyindilinga, ayikho i-dorsal fin. Kukhanya abadala ... ... I-Great Soviet Encyclopedia