Amaphilisi | |||||||||
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![]() I-Royal python ( I-Python regius ) | |||||||||
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi | |||||||||
Umbuso: | Eumetazoi |
I-infraclass: | Lepidosauromorphs |
Ingqalasizinda: | Alethinophidia |
I-Superfamily: | I-Pythonideidea |
Umndeni: | Amaphilisi |
- I-Pythoninae
Amaphilisi (lat. Pythonidae) - umndeni wezinyoka ezingenabuthi. Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo eziyi-9 zofuzo nezinhlobo ezingama-41. Ngomqondo omncane, ama-pythons angabameli bohlobo I-Python (ama-pythons wangempela).
Ukubukeka nezici zesakhiwo
Amasayizi we-pythons aqala ku-1 kuye ku-6- m m (i-python ephindaphindwe kabili ne-tiger python).
Umbala wehluke kakhulu: usuka ezilinganisweni ezingaphezulu noma ezingaphansi kwe-monotonous (amathoni ansundu noma ansundu-brown) aze ahlukahlukene kakhulu - amabala, izinhlobo zezinkuni (i-python eluhlaza) zingaba luhlaza.
Emaphashini, kugcinwe iziqalo zomkhonto we-pelvic nezandla zakho zangemuva. Imisuka yezandla zezingemuva ezivela ngaphandle ibonakala kahle ngesimo sezipele ezinhlangothini ze-anus - okubizwa ngokuthi yi-anal spurs. Isici esiyingqayizivele se-pythons ngamaphaphu amabili, njengasebantwini, kanti ezinye izinyoka eziningi zingenalo iphaphu langakwesobunxele, kanti elokunene liyanwetshwa futhi linwetshwe ngobude.
Kune-infraorbital bone namazinyo emathanjeni ama-maxillary angekho kuma-boas. Olunye uphawu olwehlukanisa i-python kusuka ku-boa constrictor amathambo angajwayelekile ku-hemipenis yama-pythons. Ukuba khona kwalawa mathambo kwenza kube nzima ukubuyisa i-hemipenis, ngenxa yokuthi i-python ephakathi kweziqubu zamanqina asemuva ivame ukubonwa isuswa ngokungaphelele kwe-hemipenis. Abesilisa basebenzisa la mathambo ngenkathi bethandana, bezihlikihla bebhekise kowesifazane.
Izici zePython nendawo yokuhlala
Ama-Pythons kade anqoba isihloko sezilwane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Kuliqiniso, i-anaconda incintisana nabo, kepha ngemuva kokutholwa kwesigaxa esidala esingamamitha ayi-12 endaweni eyodwa yezilwane, ubunyoninco be-anaconda sebungabaza. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi iningi inyoka enkulu yenyoka. Futhi-ke, usayizi oyinhloko walezi zinyoka usuka kumitha eyi-1 kuya ku-7, 5.
Umbala walezi ezihubhayo uhlukahlukene kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezinesikhumba sombala onsundu, amathoni ansundu, futhi kukhona lezo ezimangaza ngokukhanya kwazo nokuhlukahluka kwazo. Njengomthetho, lezi yizo zonke izinhlobo zokuhlukahluka kwamabala. Ososayensi bathi ama-pythons amabili anezindawo ezifanayo akunakwenzeka ukuwathola. Kungahle kube khona ama-pythons nombala we-monochrome (green python).
Lapho ubheka kuqala, zonke izinyoka “zibubuso obubodwa”, kepha ziyahlukahluka ngosayizi nokuthi zikuthola kanjani ukudla kwazo, zibhinca isisulu noma zibulale ngoshevu. Kodwa-ke, lo umbono ongelona iqiniso.
I-Python, njengomhlanganisi we-boa, ayivumeli ubuthi emzimbeni wesisulu, i-python akuyona inyoka enobuthi futhi incamela ukuketula ukudla okuzayo. Kodwa-ke, ama-pythons nama-boas ayizinhlobo ezimbili ezihluke ngokuphelele, futhi kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwazo.
I-python inamaphaphu amabili, kanti abantu ababili banamaphaphu amabili. Kepha ezinye izinyoka, kufaka phakathi i-boa constrimor, zibiza eyodwa kuphela, esidlulele kakhulu. Ngokungafani nama-boas, i-python nayo inamazinyo.
Lokhu kulula ukukuchaza - i-boa ibopha inyamazane yayo ngamandla emisipha; ayesabi ukuthi ohlukunyeziwe kuzodingeka ashiye phansi. IPython ibuye ibambe inyamazane yayo, kepha imvamisa kufanele igcine inyamazane yayo ngamazinyo ayo.
Uma nje lezi zinyoka zibonakale zikwazi ukugijima, ngoba zisenezivalo zamalunga. Manje lezi yizimpofana nje ezincane (i-anal spurs). Kunesinye isici esehlukanisa i-python kusuka kwi-const constoror.
Esithombeni, imithungo yezingalo zesikhonkwane
Iqiniso elithokozisayo ukuthi emiphumeleni yalezi zinyoka kunamathambo angaphenyi. Ngenxa yokuba khona kwala mathambo, i-python yenyoka ayikwazi ukudonsela lesi sitho ngaphakathi, kodwa singasebenzisa ithambo elinjalo ngesikhathi sokuzala - bagoba lowesifazane ngaso.
Futhi kunesici esinjalo sama-pythons okungekho okusobayo okuziqhayisa ngaso sonke - angalawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wawo. Isikhathi eside kakhulu abakwazi ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifunekayo futhi baligcine lisesimweni esisodwa, futhi, kepha lapho kubanda, bandisa izinga lokushisa lomzimba wabo ngama-5-15 degrees, okuphawuleka kakhulu futhi kubasize ezimweni ezinzima.
Futhi ukwenze kalula, kunciphisa izicubu zomzimba wonke, okuholela ekufudumaleni. Isimo sezulu sase-Afrika, e-Asia, e-Australia sikulungele kakhulu ukuhlala endle kulezi zilwanyana ezihuquzelayo. Lapho nje, njengezilwane ezifuywayo, bayiswa e-United States, eYurophu naseNingizimu Melika.
I-Python inamazinyo, ngokungafani ne-boa constrictor.
Kepha iqiniso elithokozisayo ukuthi eFlorida, lezi ezihuquzelayo zikwazile ukubalekela endle, zasinda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo zaseFlorida nazo zabafanele, futhi baqala ukwanda ngempumelelo.
Ngalesi sikhathi, baqale nokukhalisa i-alamu, okuthiwa, ngenxa yeziningi zalezi zinyoka, i-ecosystem iyaphazamiseka. Kepha ososayensi abavumelani, nokho isibalo salokhu okuhuqayo lapho akukubi kangako.
Izinhlobo zama-pythons
Ososayensi bane-genera eyi-9 kanye nezinhlobo ezingama-41 zama-pythons. Imininingwane engaphezulu mayelana nommeleli wohlobo ngalunye nohlobo lungatholakala ezincwadini ezikhethekile, kepha lapha sinikezela ukujwayelana kuphela nezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama-pythons:
- python yasebukhosini - inombala omnyama, ezinhlangothini, ngemuva engemuva kukhona amabala we-hue wegolide noma i-tan. Akufinyeleli osayizi abakhulu kakhulu, kepha umbala uthakazelisa kakhulu, ngakho-ke bathanda imibhoshongo enjalo kuma-terrariums asekhaya,
Esithombeni, i-python yasebukhosini
- python net - Esinye isilwane. Abanikazi abesabi ngisho nokuthi izilwane zabo ezifuywayo zingakhula zibe ngamasayizi amakhulu, aze afike kumamitha ayi-8. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo kuphela kwenyoka lapho umuntu angadla khona umuntu,
I-python enezithombe
- I-pyeron ye-hieroglyphic nayo ingumnikazi wasayizi okhethiwe. Mikhulu kakhulu ukuthi imvamisa ayigcinwa emakhaya, kodwa noma kunjalo ezindaweni zokugcina izilwane. Lolu hlobo lubucayi ikakhulukazi kumswakama,
I-Snake hieroglyphic python
- I-python enamabala - ikhula kuphela kuma-cm ayi-130. Ihlala eNyakatho Australia.
I-Python ibonwe
- tiger python - ingezinhlobo zezinyoka ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Isithombeni se-tiger python
- ukumba kwe-python - ngokusho kososayensi, i-python ayibhekwa njengeyiyona, ibalwa njenge-boa constrictor.
Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo
Isithombe: Mesh Python
I-python ephinde yacaciswa okokuqala yachazwa ngo-1801 ngusosayensi wemvelo waseJalimane I. Gottlob. Igama lezinhlobo elithi "reticulatus" lihunyushwa lisuka esiLatinni ngokuthi "mesh" futhi liyinkomba yesikimu sombala esiyinkimbinkimbi. Igama elijwayelekile elithi Python lahlongozwa isazi semvelo saseFrance u-F Dowden ngonyaka we-1803.
Ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo kwe-DNA ngo-2004 kwathola ukuthi i-python ebuyisiwe iseduze ne-python yasemanzini hhayi i-python ye-tiger, njengoba kwakucatshangwa ngaphambili. Ngo-2008, uLeslie Rawlings nozakwabo baphinde bavuselela imininingwane ye-morphological futhi, lapho ebahlanganisa nezinto zokwakha izakhi zofuzo, bathola ukuthi uhlobo lwensa luyisihlahla somugqa wamanzi wasolwandle.
Ividiyo: I-Python ephinde yenziwa
Ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni lofuzo lwama-molekyuli, i-net python ibhalwe ngokusemthethweni kusukela ngonyaka we-2014 ngaphansi kwegama lesayensi iMalopopon reticulans.
Kulesi zinhlobo, izinhlobo ezintathu ezingafani zingahlukaniswa:
- i-malayopython reticulans reticulans, okuyi-taxin yama-nominotypic,
- i-malayopython reticulans saputrai, edabuka ezingxenyeni ezithile zesiqhingi sase-Indonesia i-Sulawesi kanye neSelayar,
- I-malayopython reticulans jampeanus itholakala kuphela esiqhingini saseJampea.
Ukuba khona kwama-subspecies kungachazwa iqiniso lokuthi i-python evuselelwa isatshalaliswa ngaphezu kwezindawo ezinkulu futhi itholakala eziqhingini ezihlukile. Lezi zidalwa zenyoka zihlukanisiwe futhi akukho okuxutshwa ngofuzo nabanye. Kusaphenywa indawo yesine engaphansi kwesiqhingi saseSangihe, okwamanje kuyaphenywa.
Ihlala kuphi i-reticured python?
Photo: Snake Reic Python
I-Python ithanda isimo sezulu esishisayo nesiphansi futhi ithanda ukuba seduze kwamanzi. Ekuqaleni wayehlala emahlathini emvula nasezixhaphozini. Njengoba ukucaciswa kwalezi zindawo kuya kuba kuncane futhi kube yincane, i-net python iqala ukuzivumelanisa namahlathi aseceleni namasimu wezolimo futhi iphila kakhulu nabantu. Ngokwanda, izinyoka ezinkulu zitholakala emadolobheni amancane, lapho zidinga ukuthuthwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-net python ingahlala eduze nemifula futhi itholakale ezindaweni ezinamanzi aseduze namachibi. Ungumbhukudi omuhle kakhulu ongakwazi ukubhukuda aze afike olwandle, ngakho inyoka yafaka amakamu eziqhingini eziningi ezincane phakathi kobubanzi bayo. Kuthiwa eminyakeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20, i-python net yayiyisivakashi esivamile, ngisho naseBangkok ematasa.
Ububanzi be-python ebuyiselwayo bufika eSouth Asia:
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo zitholakala kabanzi eziQhingini zaseNicobar, futhi: ISumatra, iqembu leziqhingi zaseMentawai, iziqhingi ezingama-272 eNatuna, Borneo, Sulawesi, Java, Lombok, Sumbawa, Timor, Maluku, Sumba, Flores, Bohol, Cebu, Leite, Mindanao, Mindoro, ILuzon, iPalawan, iPanay, iPolillo, iSamar, iTavi-Tavi.
I-python ebunjiwe ibusa emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo, ezixhaphozini, kanye nasehlathini elingamamitha, ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayi-1200 kuya kwangama-2500. Izinga lokushisa elidingekayo ukuze kuzalwe futhi lisinde kufanele libe phakathi kwe-≈24ºC ne-≈34≈C lapho kunesibalo esikhulu somswakama.
Idlaleni i-mesh python?
Isithombe: I-Yellow Net Python
Njengawo wonke ama-pythons, umuntu ovuthiwe uzingela emqamelweni, alinde kuze kufike lapho isisulu sifika ibanga lesiteleka, ngaphambi kokubamba inyamazane ngomzimba wakhe bese ibulala ngokucindezela. Kuyaziwa ukuthi idla ngezilwane ezincelisayo nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinyoni ezihlala ngaphakathi kwendawo yazo.
Ukudla kwakhe kwemvelo kufaka:
Imvamisa izingela izilwane ezifuywayo: izingulube, izimbuzi, izinja nezinkukhu. Ama-piglets nezingane ezinesisindo esingu-10-15 kg afakiwe ekudleni okujwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, kukhona icala elaziwayo lapho i-mesh python igwinya engibhalayo, osisindo saso sidlula ama-60 kg. Izingela amalulwane, ibambe indiza, ilungisa umsila wayo ngokungahambisani nomhume emhumeni. Abantu abancane abafinyelela kwabangu-3-4 m ubude bokudla izindwani, njengamagundane, kuyilapho abantu abakhulu beguqukela ekuphangeni okukhulu.
Iqiniso elihehayo: I-python eyenziwe kabusha iyakwazi ukugwinya inyamazane iye kwikota eyodwa yobude bayo nesisindo sayo. Phakathi kwezinto ezinkulu ezibhalwe phansi ezidliwayo yibhere laseMalawi elinenkanyezi elinesisindo esingu-23 kg, elidliwe yinyoka engu-6.95 m ubukhulu futhi kwathatha amasonto angaba yishumi ukugaya.
Kukholakala ukuthi ama-pythons acashile angahlasela abantu, ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kaningi kwabantu endle nakubanikazi basekhaya bama-pythons abonakalayo. Okungenani icala elilodwa liyaziwa ngenkathi iPython reticulatus ingena endaweni yokuhlala indoda ehlathini yathatha ingane. Ukuthola inyamazane, i-python enobuthi isebenzisa imigodi ebucayi (izitho ezikhethekile kwezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka) ezithola ukushisa kwezilwane ezincelisayo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi unqume indawo yokukhiqiza ngokuqondene nokushisa kwayo nemvelo. Ngenxa yalesi sici, i-python ebuye inwebu ithola izinyamazane nezinyamazane ngaphandle kokuzibona.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Mesh Python
Yize esondele kubantu, kuncane okwaziwayo ngokuziphatha kwalezi zilwane. I-python ephinde yaholwa ihola indlela yokuphila yobusuku futhi ichitha usuku lonke endaweni yokukhosela. Amabanga amabanga ambozwe yizilwane ngesikhathi sokuphila kwawo, noma ngabe zinendawo emisiwe, awaphenyiswanga kahle. I-python evunyelwe kabusha isizungu esiqala ukuxhumana kuphela ngenkathi yokukhwelana.
Lezi zinyoka zihlala ezindaweni ezinemithombo yamanzi. Ngenkambiso yokunyakaza, bayakwazi ukuthola izicubu zemisipha futhi bakhulule ngasikhathi sinye, bakha iphethini yenyoka yokuhamba. Ngenxa yokunyakaza okungunxande kanye nosayizi omkhulu womzimba wama-pythons agxiliwe, uhlobo lwenyoka lapho icindezela khona umzimba wayo bese lwenzeka lapho luhamba ngokulandelana lubonwa kaningi kakhulu ngoba luvumela abantu abakhulu ukuba bahambe ngokushesha. Besebenzisa inqubo yokucindezela nokuqondisa, i-python ingagibela izihlahla.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Kusetshenziswa ukunyakaza okufanayo komzimba, ama-pythons anobuthi obufana nazo zonke izinyoka, alahla isikhumba sawo ukulungisa amanxeba noma ngesikhathi sokukhula kwempilo. Ukulahleka kwesikhumba, noma ikhasi, kuyadingeka ukukhulula umzimba okhula njalo.
I-mesh python empeleni ayizwa umsindo futhi ibukeka ngokulinganiselwe ngenxa yezinkophe ezinganyakazi. Ngakho-ke, uthembela emnweni wakhe wokuhogela futhi uthinte ukuthola inyamazane futhi ugweme izisulu. Inyoka ayinazo izindlebe; esikhundleni salokho, inesitho esikhethekile esikuvumela ukuthi uzwe ukunyakaza komhlaba. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezindlebe, izinyoka namanye ama-pythons kumele asebenzise ukunyakaza komzimba ukudala ukunyakaza okuxhumana ngawo.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Photo: Big Mesh Python
Isikhathi sokuzalela se-python e-reticured sihlala kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya ku-Ephreli. Kungekudala ngemuva kobusika, ama-pythons aqala ukulungiselela ukuzalaniswa ngenxa yokufudumala okuthembisayo kwehlobo. Ezindaweni eziningi, indawo esikuyo ithinta ukuqala kwesizini. Ngakho-ke, ama-pythons azala ngokuya ngezinguquko zesimo sezulu endaweni ethile yokuhlala.
Indawo yokuzalanisa kumele ibe yinyamazane edla inyama ukuze insikazi ikwazi ukuzala. Ama-pythons agcinwe kabusha adinga izindawo ezingagadwanga ukuze kulondolozwe ukuzala okuphezulu. Ukusebenza kweqanda kuncike emandleni omama okuvikela nokuwafaka, kanye nasezingeni eliphakeme lomswakama. Ama-pythons abantu abadala ahlala elungele ukuzalaniswa lapho owesilisa efinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5 ubude nangamamitha ayi-3,0 ubude besifazane. Bafinyelela ubude obunjalo phakathi kweminyaka engama-3-5 kubo bobabili ubulili.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo: Uma kunokudla okuningi, insikazi ithela inzalo minyaka yonke. Ezindaweni lapho kungekho khona ukudla okuningi, ubukhulu nobuningi bemfutho buncishisiwe (kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3). Ngonyaka wokuzalela, insikazi eyodwa ingaveza amaqanda angama-8-107, kepha amaqanda angama-25-50. Isisindo somzimba sezingane lapho zizalwa ngu-0,15 g.
Ngokungafani nezinhlobo eziningi, i-python yowesifazane evundayo ihlala isongelwe amaqanda aqandayo ukuze ifudumale. Ngenqubo yokusikwa kwemisipha, insikazi ifudumeza amaqanda, okudala ukwanda kwezinga lokufakwa kanye namathuba wenzalo okusinda. Ngemuva kokuzalwa, ama-pythons amancane anobuhlakani acishe angayazi ukunakekelwa kwabazali futhi ayaphoqelelwa ukuba azivikele futhi afune ukudla.
Izitha zemvelo zama-pythons abonakalayo
Isithombe: I-python yeNet emvelweni
Ama-pythons abonisiwe futhi cishe azinazo izitha zemvelo ngenxa yobukhulu bawo namandla. Amaqanda wezinyoka kanye nama-pythons asanda kubanjwa ahlaselwa izinyamazane ezinjengezinyoni (amankonyane, okhozi, imichilo) nezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane. Ukuzingela ama-pythons amadala agqamile kukhawulelwe kwizingwenya nakwezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye ezinkulu. Amaphayiphu asengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa kuphela emaphethelweni amachibi lapho ungalindela khona ukuhlaselwa yingwenya. Ukuphela kokuzivikela ezilwazisayo, ngaphezu kosayizi, ukucindezelwa okunamandla komzimba yenyoka, okunganciphisa impilo esitheni ngemizuzu engu-3-4.
Umuntu uyisitha esikhulu se-mesh python. Lezi zilwane ziyabulawa futhi ziphathwe isikhumba ukukhiqiza izimpahla zesikhumba. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi isigamu sesigidi sezilwane sibulawa minyaka yonke ngale njongo. E-Indonesia, ama-pythons anobuthi nawo ayadliwa. Ukuzingela izilwane kunesizathu sokuthi abahlali bafuna ukuvikela izinkomo zabo nezingane ezinyoka.
I-python ephinde yabonwa kungenye yezinyoka ezimbalwa ezidla abantu. Lokhu kuhlaselwa akujwayelekile kakhulu, kepha lolu hlobo lubangele ukulimala okuningi, endle nasekudingisweni.
Kuyaziwa ngokuthembekile ngamacala ambalwa:
- Ngo-1932, umfana osemusha ePhilippines wadliwa yi-python engamamitha ayi-7.6. I-python yabaleka ekhaya, kwathi lapho itholakala, bathola ngaphakathi kwendodana yomnikazi wenyoka,
- Ngo-1995, i-python enkulu yenethiwekhi yabulala u-Ee Hyun Chuan oneminyaka engama-29 ubudala ovela esifundazweni saseMalaysia eseningizimu yeJohor. Inyoka yazisongela ngomzimba ongaphili nekhanda layivalele emihlathini lapho umfo wesisulu ekhubeka phezu kwayo,
- Ngo-2009, umfana oneminyaka engu-3 ubudala waseLas Vegas wambozwa ngendwangu enophondo olude olungamamitha ayi-5.5. Umama wasindisa ingane ngokushaya iphalamende ngommese,
- Ngo-2017, isidumbu somlimi oneminyaka engama-25 ubudala wase-Indonesia satholakala ngaphakathi kwesisu se-python eyisithupha yamamitha ayi-7. Inyoka yabulawa isidumbu sakhishwa.Leli kwakuyicala lokuqala eliqinisekiswe ngokugcwele lapho i-python idla kubantu. Inqubo yokukhipha umzimba ibhalwe kusetshenziswa izithombe namavidiyo,
- NgoJuni 2018, i-Indonesia eneminyaka engama-54 idliwe yi-python eyi-7 metres. Wanyamalala ngenkathi esebenza engadini yakhe, kwathi ngakusasa iqembu lokucinga lathola i-python eduze nensimu inenhlamvu emzimbeni wakhe. I-video yenyoka enamathumbu yathunyelwa online.
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Photo: Snake Reic Python
Isimo senani le-python esibonakalayo sihluke kakhulu ezindaweni ezahlukene zobubanzi beendawo. Ziningi zalezi zinyoka eThailand, lapho zingena khona ezindlini zabantu ngenkathi yezimvula. EPhilippines, lokhu kuyinhlobo ebanzi, ngisho nasezindaweni zokuhlala. Ukuhanjiswa kwePhilippine kubhekwa njengokuzinzile futhi kuyanda. Ama-pythons abukelwe kabusha akavamile eMyanmar. ECambodia, inani labantu liye lehla futhi lehla ngo-30-50% eminyakeni eyishumi. Abamele lolu hlobo lohlobo oluthile bavame kakhulu eVietnam endle, kepha abantu abaningi batholakala eningizimu yezwe.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: I-mesh python ayibeki engcupheni, noma kunjalo, ngokwe-CITES Isithasiselo II, ukuthengiswa nokuthengiswa kwesikhumba saso kulawulwa ukuqinisekisa ukusinda. Lolu hlobo alufakwa kuhlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN.
Kukholelwa ukuthi i-python ihlala ijwayelekile ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu zezwe, lapho kunendawo yokuhlala efanelekile, kubandakanya nezindawo ezivikelwe. Kungenzeka inciphe eLaos. Ukuncishiswa kulo lonke i-Indochina kwabangelwa ukuguqulwa komhlaba. I-python evunyelwe kabusha iseyisilwane esivamile ezindaweni eziningi zaseKalimantan. Izinsalela eziseMalaysia nase Indonesia ziyazinza, yize kudotshwa kakhulu.
Mesh python uhlala uvamile eSingapore, naphezu kokuhlala emadolobheni, lapho ukudotshwa kwalolu hlobo kunqatshelwe. ESarawak naseSabah, lolu hlobo lujwayelekile kuzo zonke izindawo zokuhlala nezemvelo, futhi akukho bufakazi bokwehla kwesibalo sabantu. Izinkinga ezidalwa ukusulwa nokuxhashazwa kwezindawo zokuhlala zinganxephezelwa ngokwanda kwezihlahla zamafutha esundu, njengoba i-python yenyoka inyoka kahle kulezi zindawo zokuhlala.
Umlingiswa wePython nendlela yokuphila
Imvamisa, uma ubukeka isithombe esibonisa isithombe ikhonjiswe lapho, igoqelwe ebholeni. Lesi simo, njengoba kuvela, sinqanda kakhulu inqubo yokupholisa yomzimba futhi sandisa amathuba enyoka okuzwa nokuqaphela inyamazane.
Izinyoka, ezinkulu kakhulu, zibhukuda kakhulu, futhi zithanda amanzi. Kepha nayi ama-pythons amakhulu kunawo wonke - i-brindle, hieroglyphic, i-reticate, bakhetha ukuba semhlabathini ngaphezulu.
Lapha bafuna futhi babambe inyamazane yabo, lapha bayaphumula, kwesinye isikhathi benyuka izihlahla, kodwa hhayi phezulu kakhulu. Futhi kunezinhlobo ezingaveli ngisho nasemhlabeni, futhi zichitha impilo yazo yonke ezihlahleni (i-python eluhlaza). Bazizwa bekhululekile kunoma yiliphi igatsha, ngosizo lomsila benyuka ngokungaphezulu naphansi, futhi baphumule, ngomsila wabo babambe igatsha.
Uma i-python inkulu, khona-ke ababaningi abazama ukuyihlasela, inezitha ezimbalwa kakhulu. Kepha izinyoka ezincane zinenqwaba yabangazi. Ama-Crocodiles, nama-lizons, futhi nezinyoni (izingwamza kanye nezinkozi) aziyithandi ukunambitha inyama yenyoka. Womabili amakati nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo azenqabi inyamazane enjalo.
Umsoco wePython
Ama-pythons angabadli, futhi akhetha ukudla inyama kuphela. Baqale baqamekele bese belinda isikhathi eside kulowo ohlukumezekile. Lapho isisulu sifinyelela ebangeni elamukelekayo, kuphonswa inkatho ebukhali, isisulu singqongqoza phansi, bese umgunguzungeze azungeza inyamazane, ayigoqe ayidle yonke into.
Lapho inyoka inkudlwana, idinga kakhulu inyamazane. Izinyoka ezinkulu hhayi ezinkulu kakhulu zibamba izinduku, onogwaja, izinkukhu, upholi, amadada. Futhi izidalwa ezinkulu ezihlaselayo zihlasela ama-kangaroo, izinkawu, amabulube asendle amancane, ngisho nezinyamazane. Kunobufakazi bokuthi i-python idla ingwenya.
"I-gourmet" ekhethekile phakathi kwalezi zinyoka yi-python enekhanda elimnyama. Imenyu yayo ifaka kuphela ukuqapha izibankwa nezinyoka. Ngesikhathi sokulwa, isisulu esinobuthi kwesinye isikhathi siluma umzingeli, kepha ubuthi benyoka abuthinti le thambo.
Kukholelwa ukuthi lesi silwanyana esidliwayo esingenakugwinya inyamazane enesisindo esingaphezu kwama-40 kg, ngakho-ke umuntu omdala akakwazi ukuba abe ukudla kwenyoka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isibalo somuntu akuyona into elula kakhulu yokugwinya.
Ngezilwane, i-python yenza kanjalo - iqala ukugwinya inyamazane yayo kusuka ekhanda, umlomo wenyoka weluleke kuye ngobukhulu obumangalisayo, bese kuthi kancane kancane inyoka inyukele phezu kwesidumbu njengesaka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngalesi sikhathi inyoka isengozini enkulu. Kuyaphazamisa kakhulu ukwenza lokhu nomuntu; kuqala ikhanda lidlule, bese emahlombe asondela, futhi yizo ezivimba umzimba ukuthi ungahambi kalula esiswini senyoka. Futhi-ke, amacala okuhlasela kwabantu abhalwe phansi.
Ngemuva kokudla, i-python iphumula. Ukuze ugaye ukudla, uzodinga okungaphezu kosuku olulodwa. Kwesinye isikhathi ukugaya okunjalo kufinyelela amasonto ambalwa, noma izinyanga. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-python ayidli. Icala liyaziwa ngenkathi inyoka ingadli iminyaka engu-1, 5.
Inani lomuntu
Inyama yama-pythons iyadliwa kanti kwamanye amazwe idliwa ngabantu bendawo. Izinhlobo eziningi zesikhumba zisetshenziswa embonini ye-haberdashery ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene.
Amacala okuhlasela kwe-python kubantu ayaziwa.
Ama-Pythons avame ukugcinwa ekudingisweni: hhayi kuphela ezindaweni zokugcina izilwane, kodwa nasekhaya ngabathandi bezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Izinhlobo ezithile zalezi zinyoka ziyizilwane ezithandwa kakhulu ze-terrarium futhi zizalela kahle. Bahlala ekudingisweni kuze kuba baneminyaka engama-20-25 ubudala, kwesinye isikhathi kube ngaphezulu.
Ukuzalela nokuphila isikhathi eside kwama-pythons
Ama-Pythons aletha inzalo kanye ngonyaka, kwenzeka ukuthi izimo azingathandeki, bese ukuzala futhi kwenzeka kaningi. Owesifazane, elungele ukukhuphuka, ushiya umkhondo, ngephunga lawo, owesilisa uyakuthola.
Ukuthandana kwabantu abashadikazi kuqukethe ukungezwani kowesilisa kowesifazane nge-anal spurs. Ngemuva kokuthi isenzo "sothando" sesiphothuliwe, owesilisa ulahlekelwe yiyo yonke inzalo kowesifazane ngenzalo yakhe esizayo.
Isithombe se-masonry python
Owesifazane, ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3-4, wenza isililo. Isibalo samaqanda singasuka ku-8 siye ku-110. Ukuze kugcinwe amazinga okushisa afiselekayo ku-masonry, inyoka ibekwe phezu kwabo, i-curls up futhi ayishiyi imibando nganoma yisiphi isimo.
Akashiyi ubumbilizi ngisho nokudla, zonke izinyanga ezimbili inyoka ilambile ngokuphelele. Ilawula izinga lokushisa - uma kushisa kakhulu, khona-ke izindandatho zihamba zihlukane, zinikeze amaqanda ukufinyelela emoyeni opholile, uma izinga lokushisa lehla, inyoka iqala ukuyiphakamisa ngomzimba wayo, iyathuthumela, umzimba uyafudumala, futhi ukushisa kudluliselwe ezinganeni ezizayo.
Ama-pythons amancane ngesikhathi sokuzalwa angama-40-50 cm kuphela, kepha awasadingi usizo lukamama, azimele ngokuphelele. Futhi nokho, njengoba sebekhulile ngokuphelele, okungukuthi, abavuthiwe ngokocansi, bazoba iminyaka engu-4-6 kuphela.
Isikhathi sokuphila salezi zimangalisa izinyoka zenyoka isukela eminyakeni eyi-18 kuye kwengama-25. Kunobufakazi bama-pythons abaphila iminyaka engama-31. Kodwa-ke, le mininingwane isebenza kuphela kulezo zinsiza ezazisezindlini noma ezinkulisa. Endle, isikhathi sokuphila salezi zinyoka asikasungulwa.
I-Python - incazelo nencazelo. Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-python?
Ama-Python aziwa njengezinyoka ezinobukhulu obukhulu kakhulu, afinyelela kumamitha ayi-10. Ngokusho kwabanye ososayensi, i-reticured python (lat. Malaopython reticulatus) inyoka ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Isisindo sabantu abakhulu singadlula i-100 kg. Ngokusho kweGuinness Book of Records, i-python enkulu kunazo zonke futhi enzima kunazo zonke ehlala ekuthunjweni yi-python emnyama (lat. Python bivittatus) ngaphansi kwegama elithi Baby. Isisindo sayo singama-182.8 kg. I-python ende kunazo zonke ezishiwo eGuinness Book of Record yi-python kaSamantha (lat. Python reticulatus) engamamitha ayi-7.9.
Ngokusho kwemininingwane evela kusiza www.nationalgeographic.com, ubude be-anaconda (lat. Eunectes murinus) bungafinyelela kumamitha angama-9.1 nesisindo samakhilogremu angama-249. U-Anaconda ubhekwa njengenyoka enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kodwa isendaweni yesibili ngemuva kwama-pythons ngosayizi. Kuliqiniso, izazi zesayensi yezinto eziphilayo zaseSoviet (Akimushkin I., Zenkevich L.A. nabanye) bangaqophisana ngalesi sici, bephawula ukuthi i-anaconda ende kunazo zonke ebanjiwe ifinyelele kumamitha ayi-11.43.
Ilungu elincane kunalo lonke lomndeni we-python yi-python encane yase-Australia enamabala (lat. Antaresia perthensis, syn. Bothrochilus perthensis), ekhula kuphela ngama-30-50 cm ubude. Isidalwa esikhuselayo esidala sinesisindo esingu-200 amagremu kuphela Izinyoka ezisanda kuzalwa zalolu hlobo zifinyelela ubude obungu-17 cm futhi zibe nesisindo esingu-4 g.
Abamele lo mndeni abanawo amathambo amakhulu, ngakho-ke umzimba wezilwane ezihuquzelayo uqukethe ikakhulukazi izicubu zomzimba. Amandla abo amakhulu kangangokuba ama-pythons amakhulu aqhekeza kalula amathambo, ngokwesibonelo, ingwenya noma ingwe.
Umzimba wenyoka ucindezelwe kancane ukusuka ezinhlangothini, kuyilapho ikhanda le-python livalelwe kahle. Imidumba yama-pythons iqonde.
Kukhona amazinyo emathanjeni maxillary. Ithambo le-palatine kwezinye izinhlobo libonisa ubuthi (ngokwesibonelo, kuma-pythons anekhanda elimnyama), kwezinye - ngamazinyo, inani lawo lifinyelela emakhulu. Amazinyo ama-pythons aqondiswa emuva, emhlathini ongenhla kukhona imigqa emi-4 yamazinyo, phansi - imigqa emi-2. Izindlala ezinobuthi emndenini azikho.
Ama-Pythons anomuzwa omuhle wokuhogela. Emaphepheni angenhla futhi aphansi ezinhlobo zezinhlobo eziningi, kunemigodi engu-2-4 ebekwe phambi kwesihlahla. Lolu uhlobo lwerada. Ngosizo lwabo, ama-pythons abamba imisebe ye-infrared yezilwane ezinegazi elifudumele futhi angazingela esebenzisa lezi zitho zangasese kuphela.
Ama-pythons eBlackhead awanayo i-radar.
Abamele umndeni bawakhe womabili amaphaphu, angalingani ngosayizi. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zoqhwaku lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo kukhona izigqoko ezincane ze-keratinized eziphuma kancane esikalini - lezi yizihluthulelo zamathambo e-pelvic, abizwa ngokuthi yimilenze yamanga. Emadodeni, akhule kakhulu kunabesifazane. Ngosayizi wazo, unganquma ubulili benyoka.
Umbala wabamele abomndeni muhle kakhulu futhi uhlukile. Kunezinhlobo ezinemibala engaphezulu noma engaphansi komoya, isibonelo, i-python yomnqumo. Kepha, ngokuyisisekelo, isikhumba se-pythons sihlotshiswe ngemivimbo, amabala, amachashazi, noma amaphethini amahle. Lokhu kufakazelwa ngamagama ezinhlobo: ukhaphethi, i-hieroglyphic, ihlosi, i-mesh. Umbala uqukethe imibala ehlukahlukene: obomvu, okuluhlaza okotshani, okumhlophe, ophuzi, okufushane, omnyama, onsundu, ukhilimu, omnqumo, owolintshi nabanye. Kunesikhumba esinama-rainbow tints, ngoba, ngokwesibonelo, ku-python ebuyayo.
Phakathi kwama-pythons kukhona ama-albino anesikhumba esikhanyayo noma esimhlophe, amehlo abomvu nolimi olupinki. Kunzima ukuthi izidalwa ezinjengalezi ziphile ngokwemvelo: azinaso isizungu, zingabonwa zisekude, futhi ziba izisulu zabaphangi.
Ama-albino avame ukutholakala kuma-zoo naseTerrarium.
I-Royal python albino. Izithombe ngu: WingedWolfPsion, CC BY-SA 3.0
Ekudingisweni, ngenxa yomsebenzi omude wokuzalela, kwatholakala izinguquko eziningi zokuziphatha ngemibala yesikhumba se-pythons, okwaba umphumela wokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Isibonelo, i-python yasebukhosini inenamba enkulu yama-morphs.
Embala wezinyoka ezikhule ekudingisweni, kukhona imibala emhlophe, ephuzi, empunga, nsundu, emnyama, nebomvu imibala, amabala anomumo ohlukile. Amanye ama-morphs awanawo amabala nhlobo: esikhundleni salokho, imivimbo ikhona esikhumbeni se-python.
I-Royal python morphs: 1. Unciphise iphethini Banana Clown, 2. Spider Clown, 3. White White, 4. Banana. Ithathwe ku: www.morphmarket.com
Brindle
Le inyoka enkulu, njengokwezinhlobonhlobo zangaphambilini, ingeyabamele amakhulu kakhulu ama-pythons wangempela. Ubude bomzimba wakhe buyehluka phakathi kuka-1.5-8 m, kube nesisindo esingama-52 kg (abesifazane ngokwesiko bukhulu kunabesilisa). Namuhla kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezilwane ezinje: ezimnyama, ezikhanyayo neCeylon, futhi inguqulo yokuqala yama-pyger yama-tiger ibhekwa njengekhulu kunayo yonke.
Kubukeka kanjani. Umbala womzimba wabantu abahlukahlukene uhlukahluka kakhulu, kepha imvamisa uyisisekelo sombala ophuzi noma ophuzi, okuphezulu lapho kufakwa amabala amakhulu anemibala ansundu. Ukusuka endaweni yempumulo kuya entanjeni kugudla umugqa wombala omnyama, okuthi engxenyeni yayo engezansi kuphenduke amabala. Umugqa wesibili uqhamuka eduze kwendawo yeso futhi ubonakala ngokucacile kwi-labrum. Ngaphezulu kwekhanda lenyoka kunephethini elimnyama elifana nomcibisholo.
Lapho kuhlala khona. Ungahlangana nalenyoka eningizimu ye-Eshiya (eningizimu yeChina, Indochina, neMalaysia, eSri Lanka, Nepal naseNdiya), lapho itholakala khona ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomswakama zamahlathi ashisayo, eduze kwezindawo zokubhukuda, emabhishi aminyene nasezindaweni ezigudla ulwandle. Imisele yezinye izilwane, imbobo yesihlahla engenalutho nemibhede yomhlanga isebenza njengendawo yokukhosela ye-python. Kwesinye isikhathi ihlala endaweni yezintaba, imvamisa endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbili ngaphezu kolwandle.
Okudingayo. Ama-Tiger pythons ikakhulukazi azingela izilwane ezincane:
- ungulates (izitha),
- izinkawu
- izinduku
- izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinyoni.
Isisulu sihlasela inyamazane sisuka kuqashele siyisonge, siyisongele kancane emzimbeni. Ukuluma kwe-python akuqukethe ubuthi, kepha amazinyo ngeke alimaze kabi kunobuthi obuthakathaka (ngokwesibonelo, uma isilwane siluma i-artery).
Ingabe i-python iyingozi kubantu?
Kunamahlebezi akhona ngokuhlaselwa kwama-pythons kubantu ngokweqile, yize amacala amaningi aqashelwa ngokusemthethweni lapho umfana oneminyaka eyishumi nane nowesifazane osemdala eba izisulu zamaphayiphu. I-Mesh python ingabhekwa njengeyingozi, ngoba amacala aqoshiwe okuhlaselwa kwabantu ahlobene nalenyoka. Kepha ngisho nale python ingaba yingozi kakhulu enganeni noma ebusheni kunasemdala, ngoba isisindo esinyakemeyo sezinyamazane zayo ayidluli kuma-15 kg. Ngokuyisisekelo, lezi zinyoka ezinkulu zithanda ukugwema abantu futhi zineliswa kuphela ukutshontshwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo.
Amethyst python angena endlini. Izithombe nguJohn Hill, CC BY-SA 3.0
Izindebe ezimhlophe
Abamele lolu hlobo lwama-pythons kubhekwe kufanelekile njengenye enhle kakhulu. Njengawo wonke amanye, awanobuthi futhi ngobude afinyelela kumamitha amabili kuphela (kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala abantu abangamamitha amathathu). Kubukeka kanjani. I-python emhlophe enezindebe ezimhlophe ibamba iso ngombala onsundu omncane noma onothile ngokugqamile, ngombala omuhle kakhulu, onamvula. Izinhlangothi zenyoka zinombala ophuzi, kanti isisu sikhilimu okhilimu. Ikhanda elimnyama lilingana nomzimba, futhi "ezindebeni" zemivimbo emile emnyama namhlophe ibonakala kahle.
Lapho kuhlala khona. Ungahlangana nezilwane eziqhingini zase-Indonesia naseNew Guinean kusuka endaweni yasentshonalanga nesiqhingi esincane saseSalavati kuya eziqhingini eziseTorres Strait. Lapho ukhetha ikhaya, ithanda amahlathi emvula asogwini.
Okudingayo. Izilwane ezincelisayo zisebenza njengokudla okuyinhloko kwephiramuni elimhlophe-elimhlophe, yize futhi latholakala ngenkathi kubanjwa izinyoni.
Ahlala kuphi ama-pythons?
AmaPython ahlala ikakhulu e-Eastern Hemisphere. Zijwayelekile:
- e-Afrika: e-Afrika engaseningizimu yeSahara
- e-Asia eningizimu naseningizimu-mpumalanga yezwe (India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, iMyanmar, Vietnam, iCambodiya, iLaos, iThailand, iBrunei, iBangistan, iningizimu yeChina) nezifunda zeziqhingi (Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Papua -New Guinea, i-East Timor),
- e-Australia,
- ezinye izinhlobo zama-pythons zilethwe e-United States: ngokwesibonelo, ngawo-80s wekhulu lama-20, ama-pythons amnyama ama-ti (lat. Python bivittatus) aqala ukubonwa e-Everglades National Park eSouth Florida. Ngawo-2000s, kwaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni ukuthi izinyoka zizalela ngempumelelo futhi zikhuphule inani lazo kule ndima.
Izindawo zokuhlala kwama-pythons zitholakala eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi. Izinyoka zitholakala zombili ezindaweni ezisezintabeni (kuze kufike ku-2000 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle), futhi emathafeni, zizizwa zizinhle emahlathini ashisayo omhlaba kanye nasehlathini elivulekile lezindawo ezomile. Ezinye izinhlobo zihlala cishe njalo ezihlahleni, ezinye zivame ukukhamba phansi.
Adlani ama-pythons?
Ama-pythons adla izilwane ezincelisayo ezahlukahlukene: ama-ungulates (izinyamazane, ama-muntzhaks, njll.), Izinduku (amagundane, amagundane), amalulwane, onogwaja, izinkawu (ama-macaque, ama-langurs, njll), izimpungushe, izingwe, ziziphatha ngemfuyo (izimbuzi, izingulube, kwezinja) nezinja. Izinyoka futhi zibamba izinyoni (amajuba, ama-pheasants, amadada), kufaka phakathi ezifuywayo (izinkukhu, izinkukhu).Ukudla kwalezi ezihuquzelayo kufaka phakathi ezihuquzelayo (izibankwa, izingwenya, ezinye izinyoka, kufaka phakathi ama-pythons) nama-amphibians (ubuhlalu, amasele). Izinhlobo ezihlala e-Australia zidla ama-marsupials.
Iphimbo liqaqa izisulu zalo, bese liginya lonke. Ngenxa yokwanda komlomo nokuqina komzimba, ama-pythons angagwinya inyamazane, okubuye kube kabili izikhathi zobukhulu bomzimba wayo. Kepha ngisho nekhono elinjalo linemikhawulo. Izilwane ezinkulu kunazo zonke ezingagwinywa yinyoka enkulu yamamitha ayishumi ubukhulu bezingulube noma izinyamazane zama-roe, kepha hhayi inkomo noma ihhashi.
Isisindo sokudla esidonswa yinyoka ngonyaka asidluli esako. Ngemuva “kwasemini” ngakunye, i-python igcwala isikhathi eside: amasonto noma izinyanga. E-zoo, lezi ziqhwaga kwesinye isikhathi zazilamba kuze kuphele iminyaka emi-2.
Ama-Pythons awahambi ebusuku. Kusihlwa, lezi zinyoka zibona kangcono kakhulu kunasemini. Bazingela ebumnyameni obupholayo, bazizwa bemisebe ngokwengeziwe ngokuqinile ngemisebe evela ezilwane. Imvamisa, i-python ihlasela isisulu isisuka lapho ilalela khona, yenze ujikijele ohlangothini lwayo bese ikhipha ingxenye yesithathu yomzimba. Lapho-ke inyoka ibopha inyamazane engenakuzisiza, iwuqede ngamandla ngokujika okungu-2-3 futhi ibuye ibambe amazinyo akhe. Uma ukuphonsa kungaphumelelanga, i-python izolinda isisulu esisha: inyoka inyoka kancane, ngakho-ke inyamazane ingaphunyuka kuyo. Uma i-python idlile, ayinaki izidalwa eziphilayo eziseduze. Kepha uma elambile, ukwakheka kwegazi lakhe kuyashintsha, okuthinta uhlelo lwezinzwa futhi kubangele ukuhlasela. Lapho ehlasela, i-python ikhahlela isisulu, izivikele, iluma kuphela. Iningi lama-pythons amancane linyuka kalula ezihlahleni, lifica inyamazane phakathi kwamagatsha noma ligijimele ukusuka endaweni ephakeme. Kunzima kubantu abadala nakubantu abakhulu ukugibela isihlahla, ngakho-ke bazingela emhlabathini.
Ama-Pythons athanda amanzi futhi angakwazi ukuhlala kuwo isikhathi eside. Abanye abantu bawela imifula kanye nobunzima belwandle. Izithombe nguPaul Asman noJill Lenoble, CC BY-SA 3.0
Ukuzalanisa kwePython
Ama-Python abeka amaqanda embozwe ngegobolondo lesikhumba. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, insikazi ilahlekelwa yisifiso sayo kuze kube yilapho izinsana zibopha. Ngokungafani nezinyoka eziningi ezibeka amaqanda, ezingakhombisi ukunakekelwa kwamaqanda abekwe, ama-pythons afaka i-clutch. Owesifazane ubopha iqulu lamaqanda esixukwini sezindandatho ezintathu noma ezine, enze isigaxa ngaphezulu kwabo enekhanda lakhe phezulu. Inani lamaqanda lingahluka kusuka kwezingcezu ezi-8 ziye kweziyi-100 noma ngaphezulu. Ukufudumeza ukubumbeka, izingqinamba zabesifazane nemisipha yezinkontileka. Ngenxa yalokho, izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakhe likhuphuka ngo-12-15 ° С ngokuqhathaniswa nemvelo. Lokhu kunikeza ukuthuthukiswa kombungu okusheshayo. Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kuhlala izinyanga ezintathu. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-python yabesifazane ayihambi ndawo futhi ayidli lutho. Ngendlela, izinga lokushisa lowesifazane ofakayo lingama-degrees angama-6-7 ukuphakama kunozinga lokushisa lowesilisa. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3, ama-pythons amancanyana kusuka ku-17 kuya ku-70 cm ubude ukubekela amaqanda, kuya ngezinhlobo zezinhlobo.
I-Molting python
Njengazo zonke izinyoka, ama-pythons molt. Ukuvama kokushintshwa kwesikhumba kuncike ezicini eziningi: ukondleka kwenyoka, isimo esejwayelekile, izimo zokuphila. Intsha yabantu i-molt kaningi, cishe njalo emavikini ama-2- 2. Ngobudala, inani lezixhumanisi lincipha liye njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Lapho kuncibilika, isikhumba se-python siyaphuma ebusweni bangaphambili lekhanda, bese kuthi, njengesitoko, sikhishwe kuwo wonke umzimba.
Isibonakaliso sokusondela molt ukugcwala kwesikhumba, bese amehlo. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-python ayidli lutho futhi isesimweni esingazinzile, ejabule kalula. Okuphakelayo nokumcasulayo ngalesi sikhathi akukufanele.
Izitha zemishado ngemvelo
Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu, ama-pythons anezitha ezimbalwa zemvelo. Izimbila ezincane zingaba izisulu zezinyoni ezidla inyama nezilwane ezincelisayo. Kwesinye isikhathi izinyoka zingahlaselwa yizilwane, okuwukudla kwazo okungapheli. Isibonelo, umhlambi wezimpungushe ungazungeza futhi ulimaze ngokushona ulimele i-pyeron enkulu yama-hieroglyphic. Isitha esikhulu se-pythons ngumuntu. Ezindaweni eziningi zokuhlala, abantu bayazidla noma basebenzise isikhumba sabo ukwenza izicathulo, izingubo nezinye izinto.
I-alligator yabamba i-python emnyama emnyama. Izithombe ngu-Lori Oberhofer, isizinda somphakathi
Ama-Pythons ayizinto ezinobuthi, ezinhle futhi, njengomthetho, izinyoka ezolile nezinokuthula. Phambilini, zazigcinwa ezindaweni zokugcina izilwane kuphela. Manje abanye abathandi bagcina ama-pythons ekhaya, bethola izinhlobo ezihlukile zama-terrariums asekhaya. Lokhu kungadume kakhulu ama-tiger pythons, kanye namanethiwekhi amakhulu, nezinye izinhlobo.
ITerrarium
Izinyoka ezinkulu zidinga izikhala ezinkulu. Osayizi bezindlu bakhethwa ngokuya ngohlobo lomqashi wesikhathi esizayo. Umngcele wethanga ungaba okungenani amahlandla ama-2 ubude benyoka. Kufanele futhi kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-python, ikakhulukazi enkulu, inyoka eqinile ekwazi ukubhoboza noma ukudonsa ingilazi noma ipulasitiki engu-mm mm obukhulu ekujuleni. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kwe-terrarium nobukhulu bezindonga zayo kufanele kukhethwe ngokucophelela. Ukusuka ngenhla kumele imbozwe ngesembozo esinezimbobo zokufaka umoya omncane. Njengodoti phansi kwethala, ungasebenzisa amathawula wephepha, amaphephandaba, isigceme sokufakelwa, kodwa hhayi izinkuni zokhuni. Amaphilisi athanda ukugibela izihlahla, ngakho-ke kufanele kube namagatsha noma ama-driftwood endlini yawo, kepha ukuze kungalimali.
Ukushisa kanye nomswakama
Amazinga okushisa aseningizimu- kanye nama-hygrophilous pythons adinga indawo efanelekile. Izinga lokushisa elikwi-terrarium kufanele ligcinwe esifundeni esingama-25-27 ° C, futhi endaweni yokushisa okungu-30 ° C noma ngaphezulu. Umthombo wokushisa ucishiwe ebusuku. Awukwazi ukuyicisha, kodwa-ke inyoka kufanele ibe nendawo lapho ingaphola khona. Endlini yezinyoka, nakanjani, kufakwa izitsha zokuphuza namachibi amancane anamanzi amasha, adingekayo ukuphuza, ukugeza nokugcina umswakama esifundeni sama-90%, kufakiwe.
Ukondla i-Python Yasekhaya
Ama-pythons asekhaya ayondliwa njengoba ekhula, okokuqala ngamagundane, ama-hamsters, amagundane bese kuba nezinkukhu, onogwaja. Ukuze ugweme ukulimala ezihuquzelayo, kungcono ukungondli izilwane eziphila bukhoma. Izilwane ezincane zinikezwa ukudla cishe isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku ezingama-5-7, kubantu abadala - kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-python ne-boa constrior?
Umehluko wokuqala ukuthi ama-pythons izinyoka ezibeka amaqanda. Ama-Boas, ubukhulu becala, angama-viviparous, futhi ziyizinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela ezibekela amaqanda.
Ama-Boas atholakala ikakhulukazi eWestern Hemisphere (enyakatho naseNingizimu Melika), yize kukhona labo abahlala eMpumalanga (i-Afrika, i-Asia neMadagascar). AmaPython ayizakhamuzi zase-Eastern Hemisphere kuphela, ngaphandle kwezinyoka ezethulwe eMelika.
Emathangeni, ithambo le-infraorbital liyakhishwa. Amehlo ama-boas awavikelwe amathambo.
Emathangeni, ngokungafani nama-boas, i-hemipenis iyabonakala phakathi kwemilenze yamanga eyinqaba. Amaphayiphu awakwazi ukuwukhipha, ngoba amathambo anqabile ayagcinwa kuwo.
Onogada abangaphansi kwezinyawo zama-boas, ngokungafani nama-pythons, atholakala emgqeni owodwa, hhayi amabili. Kepha kukhona okuhlukile.
Ngakwesobunxele kune-boa yombusi, ngakwesokunene kune-tiger emnyama python albino. Photo by Victoria Achkasova, CC BY-SA 4.0
Luhlaza okotshani noma ngokhuni
Uma usunolwazi lokuthi luyini i-python, khona-ke ukuhlukahluka kwesihlahla ngeke kubangele ukumangala okukhulu. Le inyoka eluhlaza ingeyamalungu omndeni we-pseudopod futhi ikhula ize ibe ngu-200 cm ubude, futhi ukubukeka kwezimpawu kuyenza ibe ngummeleli we-Mediocre wohlobo. Kubukeka kanjani. I-Wood python inyoka eluhlaza ekhanyayo enomsila omude nekhanda elibanzi, amabala amhlophe avame ukuphawulwa emuva. Umbala wabantu abasha ungaba ophuzi noma obomvu, kepha uma usuneminyaka emibili uzoshintsha ube luhlaza bese uhlala unjalo. Ifana kakhulu ne-mbao eluhlaza eyenziwe ngokhuni.
Lapho kuhlala khona. Indawo ejwayelekile yokuhlala amahlathi ashisayo anomswakama omningi, otholakala eNew Guinea naseCeninsula yaseCape York e-Australia.
Okudingayo. I-python yesihlahla ifunwa ikakhulukazi yizinyoni kanye nezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane. Intsha ithanda amasele nezinsikazi ezincane, futhi isebenzise umsila wayo okhanyayo ukubamba.
I-Hieroglyphic noma idwala
Omunye ummeleli wohlobo lwama-pythons wangempela. Lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu kunazo zonke, ngoba ubukhulu bomzimba wayo bufinyelela ku-5-7 m ubude, ngesisindo esingama-55-100 kg. Kubukeka kanjani.Isici esiyingqayizivele sezinhlobonhlobo zamadwala kuyindlela evumisanayo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye imizimba enkulu, eyihlukanisa kahle ngemuva kwesizinda sabantu bezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezaziwayo. Ekhanda kunendawo encane emnyama yesimo esingunxantathu, enemicu emnyama edlula iso.
Iphethini engemuva le-brown-grey yomzimba ifana nemicu ye-zigzag, exhunywe ngemuva nge-jumers, bese ezinhlangothini ziphenduka amabala amnyama (kwakuyiphathini le eyayisebenza njengesisekelo segama lezinhlobo). Elangeni, ingxenye yesithambo sethanga ihlukaniswa ukukhanya ngokukhanya okuphuzi.
Lapho kuhlala khona. Abamele lezinhlobo zitholakala eduze naseningizimu yeSahara nangamakhilomitha angama-6,600 alandelayo, kuze kufike oPhondweni lwase-Afrika. Zihlala ikakhulukazi emahlathini ase-savannah, asezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezishisayo.
Okudingayo. Ukudla kwe-hieroglyphic python kulawulwa ngamagundane, izinyoni kanye nama-vertebrates amakhulu, ikakhulukazi:
- izitha
- ama-warthogs
- Izingwenya zaseNayile, ezingafika kumamitha ayi-1.5 ubude.
Uma kungekho ukudla okufanele, inyoka ingalamba kancane, kepha ihlasela imfuyo.
I-Burmese (pyger tiger emnyama)
I-pyger Tiger emnyama iyinhlangano engaphansi eyaziwayo yezinhlobo zamahlosi. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi alikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi likhulu (endle, ubude balo abudluli kumamitha angama-4-5), ama-zoo amaningi afuya izinyoka njengenhlobo yokuthakazelisa yasendle. Kubukeka kanjani. Ngokuvamile, izinhlobonhlobo zeBurmese zifana kakhulu ne-tiger ekhanyayo neCeylon, futhi izici ezilandelayo umehluko omkhulu kulezi zinyoka:
- ukungabikho kwezindawo ezikhanyayo enkabeni yezindawo ezimnyama ezinsundu ezinhlangothini zomzimba,
- indawo ebonakalayo ekhanda (ngesimo se-rhombus),
- umbala omnyama, onamathoni ansundu, onsundu onsundu futhi onsundu.
Imigqa ekhanyayo emzimbeni we reptile yaseBurma imvamisa ihambisana nemikhakha emnyama.
Lapho kuhlala khona. Endaweni yayo yemvelo, i-Burmese python itholakala ezindaweni zaseNdiya, zaseVietnam nezaseShayina, kanye naseNepal, eCambodia naseThailand, esiqhingini saseJava, Sulawesi kanye nezinye iziqhingi ezincane zase-Indonesia. Izindawo ezihle kakhulu kuzo zingamahlathi anomswakama, okungcono kube nezindawo ezivulekile eduze kwamaxhaphozi namachibi. I-Burmese python ukubhukuda okuhle okungaba ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30.
Okudingayo. Njengazo zonke izihlobo zawo, ama-pythons amahlosi angabazingeli abahle kakhulu abazondla ngezinyoni ezincane nezilwane ezihlala phakathi, lapho izisulu zivame khona:
- izingulule
- inkawu,
- ukhokho,
- izimpungushe
- amajuba kanye ne-waterfowl,
- Izilwane ezifuywayo.
Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, inyoka ilandelela inyamazane yayo ngosizo lwabahlaziyi be-thermal kanye nokuhlaselwa okuqamamelayo, iqale ilume bese iyayixhawula ezingalweni zayo.
Ibhola lasebukhosini, eliyindilinga noma le-python
Ummeleli omncane wohlobo, ngoba ubude bawo abudluli kumamitha ayi-1.5. Ngoku mhlawumbe, ngenxa yalesi sici, le nyoka ihlala igcinwa njengesilwane. Kubukeka kanjani. Ngaphandle kobukhulu bawo obunesizotha, umbala we-python eyindilinga uyakhanga kakhulu, unamabala okushintshana abonakala ngokusobala wesakhiwo esingajwayelekile. Umbala wazo ungaba yiluphi: kusuka okhanyayo okhanyayo, umnqumo noma onsundu omnyama, uye kwizithunzi ezilula, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho isithombe esikhulu sihlukaniswe khona. Indawo yesisu imhlophe noma ukhilimu, kwezinye izimo inamabala amancane amnyama ngaphezulu.
Lapho kuhlala khona. Ama-Royal pythons athunjwa ikakhulu ezindaweni zokugcotshwa kwawo okukhulu: ezingxenyeni ezisentshonalanga nasenkabeni yezwekazi lase-Afrika (ikakhulukazi eSenegal, Mali, Sudan, Guinea, Nigeria, neGhana). Lapho ukhetha indawo yokuhlala, ibhola le-python likhetha ama-savannas kanye namahlathi akhiyindawo, lapho lisendaweni yokukhosela phakathi nosuku (izihlahla eziyisihlahla noma amaqabunga awile), futhi liphume liyozingela ngokufika kobusuku. Ukubhukuda kahle futhi kungena emanzini ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Okudingayo. Udla konke ngokufana nezinhlobo ezinkulu zezinyoka, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ukhetha ukudla okuncane:
- amagundane,
- amagundane anemigqa
- izihlwathi
- kwesinye isikhathi izinyoni ezincane.
IBlackhead
Omunye omelele wama-pythons amancane, anobude bomzimba ofinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5. Ngokungafani nalena eyedlule, inesici esisodwa esibonakala ngokucacile - ikhanda nentambo emnyama ngokuphelele, ehluka kahle nesisekelo somphuzi womzimba. Kubukeka kanjani. Kude kude, kungabonakala sengathi inyoka imane nje ingcolise ikhanda layo entweni emnyama, kodwa empeleni yinto yayo yemvelo, eyingqayizivele, okuyigama layo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayinayo imigodi ejwayelekile ye-radar ye-python, kepha uma kungenjalo, iyisidalwa esivamile salolu hlobo, ngombala omnyama onsundu noma wesihlabathi, ngaphezulu lapho kufakwa imivimbo emnyama (ezinhlangothini ziphuzi kakhudlwana). Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemvelo yomthunzi we-python enamakhanda amnyama: zipinki ezinombala onsundu noma zibomvu futhi ziphuzi futhi ziphuzi ngombala ophuzi, kepha zombili lezi zinhlobo zihlala zinemivimbo emnyama eshintshashintshashintshashintshwayo, zikhule kancane maphakathi mhlane nomncanyana ezinhlangothini.
Lapho kuhlala khona. I-python enamakhanda amnyama iyisakhamuzi sase-Australia: isuka eQueensland engxenyeni esempumalanga iye eCape Leveck engxenyeni esentshonalanga. Ihlala ikakhulukazi emahlathini asogwini nasezihlahleni. Uhamba ayozingela ebusuku.
Okudingayo.Uma sinikezwe ubukhulu obuncane bezilwane ezihuquzelayo, akumangazi ukuthi izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, izinyoni ngisho nezihlobo zenyoka, ngezinye izikhathi ezinobuthi, iba kukudla kwayo. Ukuthi uyabahlasela noma cha kuncike emandleni endlala, kepha uma kungekho okunye ukudla okufanelekile, khona-ke i-cannibalism ayinakugwenywa. I-python enamakhanda amnyama ayigcineki ekulimaleni kwabafowethu abanobuthi.
I-Amethyst
Lolu hlobo lwama-pythons lubhekwa njengolukhulu e-Australia futhi luvikelwe ngumthetho. Ubude bomuntu ngamunye bufinyelela kumamitha ayi-6-8, yize izinyoka ezincane zivame ukutholakala - amamitha ayi-2-5. Isisindo esijwayelekile sesilwane singama-30 kg. Kubukeka kanjani. Umbala womzimba we-amethyst python ungwephuzi lomnqumo noma omnqumo, kepha uma uchichima ubonakala kakhulu. Imigqa emnyama noma emnyama ebhalwe kahle idlula kuwo wonke umzimba, okuthi, kanye nezindawo ezikhanyayo, zakhe uhlobo lwephethini le-mesh ngemuva komzimba. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo nezihlobo zenethiwekhi ezaziwayo ukuthi kukhona izikali ezinkulu ezilinganayo ezibekwe ngaphezulu kwekhanda.
Lapho kuhlala khona. Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yi-Australia. Esikhathini esiningi, i-reptile itholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga yeQueensland, emazweni asempumalanga yeNhlonhlo yeCape York, eziqhingini zaseNew Guinea, eTorres, ePhilippines kanye nezomakhelwane. Inyoka ihlala ikakhulukazi emahlathini nasezindongeni eziminyene, ezimanzi, lapho ikhetha ukucasha khona ezihlahleni noma emadwaleni amadwala, ilinde inyamazane yayo lapho.
Okudingayo. Isisekelo sokudla komhlaseli yile:
Ama-pythons amakhulu angahlasela abazukulu kanye nama-kangaroo ama-shrubby, yize engazideleli izilwane ezifuywayo nezinyoni ezigcinwe emagcekeni angasese.
I-Dwarf noma i-Angolan
Kungokwalolo hlobo oludumile lwama-pythons wangempela, kodwa luhlukile kunabanye abameleli ngosayizi walo onesizotha: umuntu omdala ufinyelela isilinganiso esingu-1,8 m. Kubukeka kanjani. I-Dwarf python inyoka ejwayelekile kakhulu, okuthi ekuqaleni ukuyibuka, ihluke kakhulu kunayo yonke eminye. Umbala oyinhloko onsundu, yize kutholakala abantu abakhanyayo noma abamnyama ngokuphelele, esikhunjeni lapho iphethini lingabonakali kahle khona. Cishe isisu sabo bonke abantu siphuzi ngokulinganayo.
Lapho kuhlala khona. Kwenzeka kulo lonke elase-Australia, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinezihlahla eziminyene. Ungacasha emadwaleni.
Okudingayo. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwe-python izinyoni ezincane nezilwane ezincelisayo.
I-Sumatran Short-Tailed
Ummeleli okhanyayo kakhulu wohlobo, ofinyelela kubude obuyi-1.5-2.6 m (isisindo esijwayelekile - 20 kg). Kubukeka kanjani. Inomzimba omningi nosindayo nekhanda eliphakathi nendawo.Umbala wekhanda ungaba bomvu ogqamile noma ophuzi, onemigqa ye-orange noma ephuzi noma ufakwe ngaphakathi. Futhi kunabantu abanekhanda elimnyama namabala ezinhlangothini. Umbala womzimba grey, fawn noma brown, yize ungathola i-python ebomvu ekhanyayo yeSumatran, ayibiza ngegama lokuthi "yigazi". Iphethini emzimbeni imelelwa ngokushintshwa kwemivimbo ekhanyayo nobumnyama kanye namabala angafani nhlobo.
Lapho kuhlala khona. Endaweni yokuhlala yemvelo etholakala eThailand, engxenyeni esentshonalanga yeMalaysia ne-Indonesia, eSumatra, eBelitung.
Okudingayo. Ama-vertebrates amancane nezinyoni ezincane.
Okuhlanganisiwe
Umeleli kuphela weBothingrochilus, umndeni we-python. Abantu abadala bakhula babe ngu-1.52-1.83 m ubude, yize iningi labo lincane. Kubukeka kanjani. Ikhanda lincane, kepha lihlanganiswe ngokuhlangana nomzimba we-cylindrical. Umbala - onsundu omnyama, ohambisana nemigqa enqenqayo emnyama noma imithende emnyama. Umbala wabantu abasha ukhanya kancane kunowama-pythons abantu abadala: imichilo etholakala emzimbeni idonswa ibe izindandatho eziwolintshi nezimnyama, zinama-rain Sheen. Lo mbala uyashintsha ngemuva konyaka, lapho inyoka ifinyelela ekuthangeni.
Lapho kuhlala khona. Ingagcinwa ekhaya, kepha endle itholakala emahlathini nakwezinye izindawo ezitshaliwe zaseNew Guinea, iziqhingi zaseBismarck nesiqhingi saseTokelau.
Okudingayo. Izingela zonke izilwanyana ezinamaphaphu, okungenani ezihambelana nosayizi wenyoka uqobo. Ukukhula okusha kukhetha izinduku ezincane kanye nezikhala ezincane.
UCeylon Tiger
Okuncane kakhulu okubhaliselwe kwama-tiger pythons (ubude bomuntu obudala bungama-2,5-4 m), kodwa kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi bayikhetha ukuthi igcinwe ekhaya. Kubukeka kanjani. Ngaphandle, le nyoka ifana kakhulu ne-python ekhanyayo ekhanyayo, ngaphandle kokuthi ikhanda layo linombala obomvu futhi umbala womzimba uqhakazile kunalabo abamele ezinye izinhlobo. Akukho mehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabantu bobulili obuhlukile, ngaphandle kokuthi izinsikazi zinomsila omfishane, ngaphandle kokuqina ngokuqina kwaso.
Lapho kuhlala khona. Kubhekisele ezilwanyaneni eziseSri Lanka. Abanye bakubheka njengendlela encane kuphela yesiqhingi se-pythons ekhanyayo.
Okudingayo. Isebenzisa cishe zonke izilwane ezifanayo nezinye izihlobo zayo ezincane, ikhetha izinduku nezinyoni ezincane. I-python encane ingondla kwizibungu nezinambuzane, ikakhulukazi uma amazinyo engakakhiwa ngokwanele.
I-Indian noma tiger elula
Abantu abakhulu balokhu okubhalwe phansi kwe-tiger python bakhulu kancane kunalena eyedlule futhi bakhula ngamamitha angama-6,6 ubude. Kubukeka kanjani. Izici eziphambili zokuhlukanisa zezinhlobo yilezi:
- ukuba khona kwezindawo ezikhanyayo enkabeni yamabala asakazeke emzimbeni wonke (ikakhulukazi ezinhlangothini),
- umbala obomvu noma opinki wemivimbo esekhanda,
- indawo ebunjiwe yedayimane ebunjiwe phambi kwekhanda,
- ithoni eyisisekelo elula yomzimba, imibala evelele yayo onsundu, obomvu ngombala onsundu, ophuzi onsundu futhi onsundu.
Lapho kuhlala khona. I-Light tiger python ingatholakala eNdiya nasePakistan, kanye naseNepal, eBhutan naseBangistan.
Okudingayo. Njengezinye izinyoka zalo mndeni, idla izifuyo ezincane kanye nezinyoni, kepha kuye kubonakale kuhlasela imfuyo.
Ngubani i-python engaphezulu, i-anaconda noma i-boa constrictor
Ngokungangabazeki, i-python, ne-boa consthentor, ne-anaconda zezilwane ezinkulu, kepha abacwaningi abaningi, kanye nezakhamizi ezijwayelekile, banesifiso sokuthi ngubani kubo ongaphezulu. Amapharamitha ajwayelekile wama-pythons ngamamitha angama-7-8, ama-boas - aze afike kumamitha ayi-6, kanti i-anaconda yabantu abadala ingakhula ibe ngamamitha ayi-11 ubude, ithola isisindo cishe ngama-250 kg.
Ngakho-ke, singafunga ukuthi nguyena inyoka enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, uma ungacabangi idatha engekho emthethweni mayelana ne-python ethumba, amamitha ayi-12,2 ubude.
Ngabe i-python ingamgwinya umuntu
Abamele abakhulu bomndeni we-python bangamudla ngempela umuntu, okuvele kukhona ubufakazi babo. Okokugcina kwabo kuqale ngonyaka ka-2018, ngoba akukhona kudala kakhulu esiqhingini saseSulawesi (Indonesia), inyoka eyimitha engu-8 yagwinya umuntu omdala.
Ngonyaka owedlule endaweni efanayo, esinye isilwanyana sasendle esingamamitha ayi-7 sabulala umuntu ngendlela efanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminyakeni eminingana ngaphambili, ukuhlaselwa okufanayo kowesifazane nengane kwase kubikwe kakade, kodwa, ngenhlanhla, owasindiswa wasindiswa.
Ngamazwi, akufanele uzibeke engcupheni yokuxhumana nezilwane ezinjalo, noma ngabe zinde kangakanani.
Ama-Pythons - kunzima ukulingana nencazelo yezilwane ezifuywayo ezijwayelekile, kepha uma usunqumile ukuzitholela isilwane esinjalo, kuzodingeka unakekele ukudala izimo ezifanele kakhulu kuso.
Ukugcinwa kwendlu
Zonke izindlela zokuhlanza zingahlanganiswa zibe ngamaqembu amabili: nsuku zonke ne-episodic, ezihambisana nesidingo sokuhlanza ngezikhathi ezithile kwe-terrarium. Ukuze isilwane sakho sizizwe sikhululekile ezimweni ezintsha futhi singaguli, kufanelekile ukuqapha inhlanzeko ekhaya lakhe, sisusa imfucuza nokungcola nsuku zonke, sibuyisela amanzi.
Ukuhlanza okujwayelekile kufanele kwenziwe kanye ezinyangeni ezi-1-1,5 ngokuhlanza ngokuphelele yonke indawo ethangini nokuhlobisa okufakwe lapho. Isixazululo samanzi se-bleach sikulungele kahle lokhu, kodwa kuphela uma ukuqoqeka kwaso kungeqi i-5%. Ungagijimisa i-python ibuyele kwi-terrarium kuphela ngemuva kokuthi isomile ngokuphelele.
Izindlela zokuqapha
Ama-Pythons ayekhona futhi ayizidalwa zasendle, ngakho-ke kufanele ungabethembi. Ukuxhumana nalokhu okuhuqayo kumele kube ngaphansi kwemithetho ethile, lapho okulandelayo kungahlukaniswa khona:
- ungalokothi uthathe isilwane ezandleni zakho lapho uhlala ekhaya wedwa (akaziwa ngqo ukuthi kuzokuthatha nini ukudla),
- isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuxhumana yizinsuku ezimbalwa emva kwesidlo sasemini esijabulisayo, lapho izidalwa sezilwane sizizwa sikhululekile,
- egunjini elinethala elikhulu le-terarium kufanele kube notshwala obungathelelwa ekhanda le-python uma buqala ukukukhipha
- ngaso sonke isikhathi vala isivalo se-terrarium uvalwe, ushiya isilwane sakho ithuba lokuphuma lapho,
- ungavumeli izilwane ezifuywayo zingene egumbini kanye ne-terrarium, ukuze ungacasuli i-python ukuba iphinde izingele.
Ngokungangabazeki, kukhona izidalwa eziningi ezinhle nezingajwayelekile phakathi kwama-pythons, kodwa umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi bonke bangabamele bemvelo yasendle futhi ngeke bakwazi ukuba yizilwane ezifuywayo nezithambile. Uma kungekho okuhlangenwe nakho kokuxhumana nezinyoka, kungcono ungazifaki engozini futhi ube nesilwane esingajwayelekile ekhaya.