Ama-Gibbons ahlomile (Ama-aglobis agilis) - ama-primates amancane, acwebile futhi agile, omzimba wawo umbozwe izinwele ezithobile, ezimnyama. Ubude bemizimba yabo buqala ku-44 kuya ku-63,5 cm, isisindo kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-6 kg (isilinganiso samakhilogremu amahlanu, yize ekudingisweni kungafinyelela kuma-8 kg). I-gibbons ehlomile onsundu ayibonakali ngosayizi wezocansi ngosayizi, yize abesilisa ngokwesilinganiso bakhulu kunabesifazane, kepha izinsikazi zingaba nesisindo esingaphezu kwesabesilisa. Lolu hlobo luvame e-Indonesia esiqhingini saseSumatra, futhi kunesibalo esincane sabantu eNhlonhlo yeMalay naseningizimu yeThailand eseduze komngcele neMalawi. Iyivelakancane futhi ifakwe kuhlu njengoba isengozini ngohlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN.
Isimilo imicibisholo ehlomile - amashiya amhlophe (isiqeshana sezinwele ezimhlophe ezitholakala ngaphezu kwamehlo ebunzini). Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesilisa banombala ohlukile esihlathini: izihlathi, zimbozwe izinwele ezimhlophe, ezimpunga noma ezinombala onsundu okhanyayo, ziphikisana ngokungafani nesizinda esijwayelekile.
Ukuziphatha
Njengawo wonke ama-gibbons, imicibisholo ehlomile ngihlala ngamaqembu amancane emindeni. Iqembu ngalinye lihlala endaweni engaba ngamahektare angama-25, evikela omakhelwane bayo “ngokusebenzisa” ukuhamba okukhulu kwasekuseni. Imvamisa kuphela umbhangqwana osukhulile ohlanganyela ekuculeni, kwesinye isikhathi abantu abasha bawujoyina. Amabili amabhulukwe amadala ama-gibbons asheshayo azala kabusha izimbangi ezinkulu nezinkimbinkimbi lapho owesimame enqoba khona. Ingoma ihlala iqukethe izinto ezihlukile zowesilisa nowesifazane. Ukucula kuvame ukuzwakala ekuntweleni, noma kunjalo, kungazwakala ngezinye izikhathi zosuku.
Ukuzala
Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisikhombisa ekhulelwe, insikazi ibeletha ingane eyodwa kuphela, enikezwa ubisi lwebele cishe iminyaka emibili, ngemuva kwalokho ishintsha ngokuphelele ukudla kwezilwane ezindala. Izinsimbi ezisencane ziba nokuzimela ngokomzimba eneminyaka engaba mithathu, futhi zivuthwe lapho zineminyaka eyisithupha. Noma kunjalo, bazitholela umbhangqwana futhi bavame ukuqala impilo ezimele hhayi ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala eyisishiyagalombili, kwesinye isikhathi amakhemikhali amancane ahlala eqenjini labazali kuze kube iminyaka eyishumi. Izinga labo lokuzala liphansi kakhulu, okungenani, insikazi izala ikonyana elilodwa eminyakeni emithathu.
20.06.2017
IGibbon ehlomile emnyama (lat. IHylobates agilis) ingeyezinhlobo ezisengozini yomndeni waseGibbon (lat. Hylobatidae). Usongo olukhulu ebukhoneni balo endle ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi. Isilwane sivumelana kalula nokudla, ngakho-ke, sibanjwa kakhulu ngabazingeli ngenhloso yokuthengisa ngamaqoqo angasese.
Ukubhebhetheka
Indawo yokuhlala itholakala eSoutheast Asia. Izinkampani ezimbili ezingaphansi kukaH. u-agilis noHa. i-albibarbis itholakala e-Indonesia, ikakhulukazi eSumatra naseBorneo. Okubhalwayo kwesithathu uHa. i-unko yengeza itholakala eThailand naseMalaysia.
Ama-gibbons amnyama ahlomile ahlala emahlathini emvula afudumele akhula ezindaweni eziphansi nasezintabeni. Bachitha iningi lezimpilo zabo ziphakeme emiqhele yemithi, lapho balala khona. Behlela emhlabeni kuyaqabukela.
Umsoco
Cishe konke ukudla kusezihlathini eziphezulu zehlathi. Ukudla kuqukethe izithelo ezingama-60% ezinokuqukethwe okunoshukela omningi, amaqabunga amancane (39%), izinambuzane nezibungu (1%). Ngezikhathi ezithile amaqanda wezinyoni kanye namagundane amancane angadliwa. Umuthi owuthandayo ngamakhiwane asendle.
Ekuthunjweni, ama-gibbons adla izinkukhu ezincane ezibilisiwe, ushizi, ushizi we-canta, amantongomane, ubhontshisi oluhlaza, ithanga, ikhabe, amakhabe nezithelo ezomisiwe.
Incazelo
Ubude bomzimba bubalelwa ku-50-60 cm, isisindo esijwayelekile singama-5-6 kg. Abesilisa bakhulu kancane futhi basindayo kunabesifazane. Uboya bumnyama, isifuba sincane noma grey, izingalo zangaphambili nezangemuva zivame ukuba mnyama ngaphezu kwesizinda esivamile. Ngesinye isikhathi, ukwahluka kombala kwenzeka, kuhlotshaniswa ikakhulu ne-hybridization. Amashiya amhlophe ayimpawu yabo bobabili ubulili. Abesilisa nabasha banezihlathi ezimhlophe noma ezibomvu-ezimhlophe kanye nentshebe enemibala ethile. Izinwele ekhanda zimfushane ngaphandle kwesifunda sendlebe. Umsila ulahlekile. Izandla neminwe zinde kakhulu, zivumelaniswe kahle namagatsha okubamba futhi eqa ibanga elingamamitha ayi-10. Isikhathi sokuphila sama-gibbons amnyama ahlomile ezimweni zemvelo aseminyakeni engama-30. Kwi-zoo, ziphila iminyaka yobudala engamashumi amane.
Izici zokubonakala kwama-gibbons amnyama ahlomile
Isici salezi gibbons amashiya amhlophe, okuyiqoqo lezinwele ezimhlophe elisebunzini. Futhi abesilisa bahlukaniswa ngumbala ohlukile wesihlathi sabo: ngokumelene nesizinda esejwayelekile, izihlathi ezimhlophe noma ezimpunga zibonakala kahle. https: // www.
YouTube. com / ubuke? v = 4z3ezQMhe_IBlack-gibbons-armchairhlomile asincane futhi sincane.
Umzimba wonke umbozwe ngezinwele ezi-fluffy. Ngobude, afinyelela ku-40-60 cm, futhi isisindo sisukela ku-5.5-6.5 kg.
Ngobukhulu, abesilisa nabesilisa abafani, kodwa izinsikazi ezindala zinesisindo esingaphezu kwesabesilisa abadala. Umbala wejazi le-gibbons emnyama ehlomile uguquguqukayo: ungaba mnyama, umhlophe futhi ube nsundu. I-gibbons ekhanyayo ephuzi futhi ephuzi ihlala itholakala kakhulu entshonalanga yeSumatra, kuthi kutholakale abantu abamnyama nabamnyama empumalanga yeSumatra naseNhlonhlweni yeMalay.
IGibbon ehlome ngezikhali ezimnyama (iHylobates agilis).
Iminwe yama-gibbons asheshayo yinde. Esintendeni, ezansi, kunomunwe omfishane. Iminwe iyagoba ibe kusetshenziselwa ukunyakaza.
Izandla zalezi gibbons zinde kakhulu, ngakho-ke zihamba kalula emqheleni wezihlahla. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, ama-gibbons agxuma agxume emagatsheni, angakwazi ukuhamba ngesivinini esikhulu, yingakho abizwa ngokuthi ama-gibbons asheshayo.
Izici eziningi-zakudala ziimpawu zama-gibbons ahlomile amnyama: ubuso obucwebekile, umbono we-stereoscopic, i-paws elindelekile. Kepha futhi banezimpawu ezikhethekile: ukungabi khona komsila, isifuba esibanzi nokujikeleza umsila. Zinezimbila zesayensi; izinkawu zenyama ezihlala eMhlabeni Omdala kuphela ezinamaphilisi anjalo we-meaty.
Izindlela Zokuhlala ZeGibbon Ezisheshayo
Ama-gibbons ahlomile amnyama ahlala emahlathini asemasimini nasezindaweni ezishisayo esiqhingini saseSumatra, awatholakali engxenyeni esenyakatho yalesi siqhingi. Bahlala futhi esiqhingini saseBorneo, eningizimu yeThailand nasensimini encane yeNhlonhlo YaseMalay.
Ama-Gibboni ahlala emiqheleni yezihlahla, ahamba ngezinyawo zawo ngokuswayipha ezandleni.
Indlela Yokuphila YeGibbon ehlomile
Lezi zinkawu zidla izithelo ezahlukahlukene, kanye nezimbali, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela amancane. Ziphinde zidle nokudla kwezilwane: izibungu ezinhlobonhlobo nezinambuzane. Izinsimbi ezisheshayo ziyizinkawu zezihlahla.
Njengomthetho, bahlala ezihlahleni ezinde, futhi kuyaqabukela kwehlele emhlabathini. Bahamba phansi, baphakamise izandla zabo ngaphezulu kwamakhanda abo noma bababambe ngemuva kwemizimba yabo. Ngalesi simo sezandla, zigcina ibhalansi.
Amagiboni awakhi izidleke, okuyinto ejwayelekile kwezinye izinkawu. Bacitha ubusuku bahlala kumfoloko yamagatsha noma eduze kwesiqu. Ngasikhathi sinye, basonga izingalo zabo ngamadolo bese bekhothamela amakhanda kubo.
I-gibbons ehlome ngomnyama ayinazitha eziningi. Ukukhula okuncane kusongelwa izinyamazane ezinamabala, kanye nezinhlobo ezinkulu zezinyoka zezihlahla.
Ukudla kwama-primates ikakhulukazi kuqukethe izithelo, amahlamvu ezihlahla, izimbali nezinambuzane. Endle, ama-gibbons asheshayo ahlala iminyaka engama-25-30, kepha ekudingisweni impilo yawo ingaba yinde - iminyaka engama-40.
Umndeni we-gibbon osheshayo
Lezi zinkawu zakha imindeni ehlanganisa umbhangqwana osukhulile futhi kuze kufike ezizukulwaneni ezine zeminyaka ehlukile. Ukuxhumana eqenjini lomndeni kwenziwa ngosizo lwemisindo eminingi.
Umndeni ngamunye unendawo engaba ngamahektare angama-25. Zivikela insimu kubomakhelwane ngenxa “yamakhonsathi” amakhulu. Imvamisa, kubhangqwana abadala kuphela “abahlabelelayo”, kepha ukukhula okuncane kwesinye isikhathi nakho kuyaxhuma.
Abantu abadala bakhiqiza imisindo eyinkimbinkimbi, ngokushaywa kwabesifazane ngabesifazane. Imvamisa bacula ekuseni kakhulu, kepha kwezinye izikhathi uyakwazi nokuzwa amakhonsathi abo.
Isici esibonakalayo sama-gibbons ukungabikho komsila. Ngokuvamile, ukuxhumana nemisindo yama-gibbons kubaluleke kakhulu. Ama-Gibbons ayaziwa ngezwi lawo elikhulu nelinamandla.
Ziyadingeka ukumemezela ilungelo lazo lendawo futhi zilondoloze ubuhlobo bomshado. Abesilisa abahamba bodwa bayamemeza kakhulu nabesifazane becula.
Ama-Gibbons ayizinkawu ezimbalwa emkhayeni lapho izinsikazi zidlala indima enkulu kuzo. Isinyathelo esilandelayo sithathwa ngamadodakazi akhe, bese kuba ngamadodana, bese kuba owesilisa kuphela.
Izibhebhe ezihlomile ezimnyama ngaleyo ndlela azinaso isikhathi sokukhwelana; ziyakwazi ukuzala unyaka wonke. Ukuvuthwa okugcwele kwenzeka kuwo eneminyaka eyi-8. Ngemuva kwalokhu, abantu ngabanye bashiya iqembu lomndeni bayofuna umlingani. Kuyo yonke impilo, ama-gibbons asheshayo ahlala emibhangqweni engashadile eyedwa.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisikhombisa zokukhulelwa, insikazi iba nengane eyodwa. Umama umondla ngobisi lwebele cishe iminyaka emibili. Ngemuva kwalokho ushintshela ekudleni kwabantu abadala. Emva kwalokho, abesifazane baphinde bashade, okungukuthi, izingane ziyavela endaweni yakhe njalo emva kweminyaka engama-2-3.
Emvelweni kunezihlobo ezimbili ze-gibbons ezihlome ngamnyama: intaba nethafa. Ukuzimela ngokomzimba kubantu abasha kuza eneminyaka engu-3 ubudala, futhi ukuvuthwa kuza eneminyaka eyi-6. Bakha imindeni ezimele lapho ineminyaka engaba ngu-8, kepha kwesinye isikhathi abayishiyi abazali babo ize ifike eminyakeni eyi-10.
Ukuvikelwa kwamaGibbons ahlomile
Okwamanje, ama-gibbons asheshayo awavikelwe. Badutshulwa abazingeli futhi bathunjwe ngenhloso yokuhweba. Kepha ukulimala okukhulu kubangelwa ukubhujiswa kwendawo yabo yokuhlala - ukugawula izihlahla. Ngokwesilinganiso esibi, inani lama-gibbons ahlomile abamnyama bangabantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-800.
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Ukuphela kwezinkawu ezinamahloni ezihlala emindenini eyodwa. Umnotho
Umnotho
Igama lesiRussia - I-gibbon ehlome ngomnyama, gibbon esheshayo
Igama lesi Latin - I-aglobis agilis
Igama lesiNgisi - Agile gibbo
Isigaba - Izilwane ezincelisayo (iMammalia)
Ukuhlonza - Izibalo
Umndeni - IGibbon, noma izinkawu ezincane (iHylobatidae)
Umusa - I-gibbons yangempela
Indlela Yokuphila Nokuziphatha Komphakathi
Amagiboni ayizilwane zasemini. Zihamba zihamba ngamagatsha ezihlahla zisebenzisa i-brachiation, zihamba emhlabathini ngezinyawo, kuyilapho lezi zinkawu ziphakamisela izingalo zazo ezinde emaceleni zikhuphuke ukuze zilondoloze ukulinganisela.
I-Gibbons iyinto eyodwa. Umbhangqwana osukhulile onezingane uvame ukuthatha insimu encane evikelwe yibo. Iqembu lomndeni liqukethe i-pair yokuzalanisa kanye nama-1-2 ama-cubs. Lapho izilwane esezikhulile zishiya iqembu labazali bazo zineminyaka engama-2-3 ubudala, zihlala zodwa isikhashana kuze kube yilapho zithola umlingani futhi zingene endaweni yazo.
Onke ama-gibbons ayindawo eyingqayizivele, enengxenye eyodwa noma yeqembu yensimu evikela ekuhlaselweni ngabanye abantu. Indawo evamile yensimu yomndeni icishe ibe ngamahektare angama-34. Imingcele yale nsimu ibizwa ngokuthi ama-gibbons ngokuthi “ukucula,” okuzwakala ngamakhilomitha amaningi.
Izinsizwa ezisencane zivuthwa ngeminyaka yobudala eyisithupha, ngasikhathi sinye oxhumana nabo baqala - banobungane noma banolaka - kontanga nabesilisa abadala. Izingxabano nabesilisa abadala zisiza izilwane ezincane ezisencane ukuba zihlukane neqembu. Lokhu kwenzeka eneminyaka engaba ngu-8. Nabesifazane abadala abahlangani nhlobo. Izinsizwa ezincane zivame ukucula zodwa, zizama ukuheha insikazi ebiyifunayo, izulazula ehlathini. Kodwa-ke, amadodana namadodakazi angahlala nabazali isikhathi eside.
Vocalization
Ukuziphatha okuzwakalayo nokuqina kwamandla omphakathi kwama-gibbons ukucula. Imvamisa, imibhangqwana yabantu abadala iyacula, kepha abantu abasha abasebasha, lapho bezazi kahle izindima zabo zenhlalo, nabo bajoyina ikwaya. Izingoma ze-Gibbon mhlawumbe ziyimisindo emangalisa kakhulu engazwakala emahlathini ashisayo ase-Asia.
Izingoma eziyinkimbinkimbi zenziwa ngabesilisa nabesifazane, abahleli eziqongweni zezihlahla, futhi le misindo izwakala ehlathini ibanga lamakhilomitha ambalwa. Kuyamangaza ukuthi abesifazane nabesilisa bacula izingoma ezihlukile.
Imvumba yeduna imvama ukuzwakala ngaphambi kokuphuma kwelanga; iphetha lapho kusa. Ingoma iqala ngochungechunge lwama-troll athambile, kancane kancane ikhula ibe uchungechunge lwemisindo ekhulisa ivolumu. Ingxenye yokugcina yengoma iphindwe kabili kunengxenye yokuqala futhi inamanothi acishe ayiphindwe kabili. Ukucula okunjalo kungahlala imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-40.
Uyini umsebenzi wezingoma ze-gibbon? Okokuqala, kuyisexwayiso kwamanye amalungu eqembu mayelana nokuthi zikuphi. Ukwanda kokuculwa kwabesilisa kuya ngobuningi besibalo sabantu esintwini, kanye nenani lamantombazane amancane afuna abalingani.
Iningi lezazi zezilwane likholelwa ukuthi inhloso enkulu yokucula ukuvikela intombi yabo ekungeneni kwabesilisa abangashadile. Abesilisa emndenini bacula njalo, kulapho kuzalwa khona abesilisa abangabodwa abasongela inhlalakahle yomndeni. Kulezo zindawo lapho inani labesilisa abangashadile liphansi kakhulu, abesilisa bomndeni abaculi nakancane.
Umlando Wempilo eZoo
Izibhebhe ezazihlome ngemnyama zigcinwe eMoo Zoo kusukela ngonyaka we-1998. Umsebenzi wokugcina nokunakekela kwawo wenziwa ngaphakathi kohlaka lwePan-European Programme for the Conservation and Breeding of Rare and Endangered Species (EEP).
Ngaphambi kwalapho, sasiba nombhangqwana osemusha wegibbons emnyama ebabazekayo futhi enkudlwana (iHiglobates concolor). Kepha ukucula kwabo okuhle nangokuzwakalayo akuzange kuthande ingxenye yezakhamizi zezindlu eziseduzane. Basongela impilo nempilo yezilwane ezifuywayo. Ngakho-ke, kuthunyelwe amakhobolo amnyama e-International Gibbon Center eCalifornia.
Ama-Gibbons e-zoo athola izinhlobo ezahlukene zezithelo, imifino, amagatsha aluhlaza, amaqanda, ushizi we-cottage shizi. I-gibbon ehlomile emnyama iyabonakala e-Monkey pavilion.