Owesifazane ongumfelokazi omnyama ubhubhisa amanethiwekhi okhethiweyo wakhe, ukuze izimbangi zokuncintisana zingafiki kuye.

Izintokazi ezingabafelokazi abamnyama zazisa abesilisa ngezinhloso zabo zokushada ngosizo lwama-pheromones, asetshenziswa ngqo kuwebhu. Ngemuva kokubamba iphunga elivela emanetheni okucwila kwabesifazane, umgibeli uthola ukuthi intokazi ikulungele ukuncela, futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukuthi mncane noma mdala kangakanani, noma ngabe wayenokuxhumana namanye amadoda futhi ulambile kangakanani (masingakhohlwa ukuthi izicabucabu eziningi aziphambuki alume owesilisa).

Umncintiswano omkhulu udlalwa phakathi kwabesilisa: inqwaba yabenzi bezicelo bangangena endlini yesicabucu elungele ukuzala umfelokazi omnyama ngobusuku ngabunye. Futhi-ke abesilisa kufanele babhekane. Le yinkinga ejwayelekile kwizicabucabu eziningi (hhayi izicabucabu kuphela), futhi ukuncintisana omunye komunye kwenza abesilisa bazithole izixazululo ezingejwayelekile.

Isibonelo, kunezinhlobo (ezinjenge-Asiya Nepaleys malabarensis), lapho abesilisa, ngemuva kokuganisana, baxhume isitho sangasese sowesifazane ngesitho sabo sobulili esaphukile, futhi ngemuva kokuziphonsa, isicabucabu sowesilisa siba nolaka kakhulu futhi siqhubeke sivikele insikazi ekuhlaselweni abanye abantu. (Uma kwenzeka, sizokwenza ukubhuka ukuthi igama elithi "abesilisa basungula" lisho ukuthi ukukhetha okungokwemvelo kuthande labo bantu abezitho zangasese zabo ezingasebenza njenge-plug, futhi igama elithi "ukukhetha okuthandwayo", nalo lisho ukuthi izinhlobo zabantu abanjalo ezinokukhulu kakhulu amathuba azodlulela esizukulwaneni esilandelayo: empeleni, ukuvikela insikazi ekuhlukaniseni nabancintisana, owesilisa ukhulisa amathuba okuthi amaseli wakhe wegciwane azokhiqiza amaseli wegciwane lowesifazane.)

Abesilisa abangabafelokazi abamnyama, njengoba abacwaningi baseSimon Fraser University bathola, bathola indlela yabo elula futhi ephumelelayo yokudumaza izimbangi kulabo abakhethiweyo - bamane bachitha amanethiwekhi akhe, hhayi nje kuphela ukuthi babhubhise, kodwa futhi bathonga iwebhu yabesifazane kuwebhu yabo. Sekuyisikhathi eside ama-zoologists ebheka le ndlela yokuziphatha kwabesilisa, futhi umqondo wokuthi ngale ndlela bacindezela amasiginali we-pheromone uyaziveza - konke okusele bekuwukukuqinisekisa ocwaningweni.

Abesifazane bafakwa emakhejini akhethekile lapho belungisa amanethiwekhi, emva kwalokho basusa izicabucabu, kanye nezicabucabu ezingenalutho zangeniswa endalweni, endaweni yabafelokazi abamnyama. Iwebhu ishiywe ingakaze ifundwe, noma ichithwe ngosizo lwabesilisa (okuthe, njengoba kushiwo, bafaka okwabo okwabo), noma bamane nje basika izingcezu zayo ngesikhafu.

Esihlokweni ku- Ukuziphatha kwezilwane Abalobi babhala ukuthi ngokwesilinganiso abesilisa abedlula i-10 bangafika ngamanetha aqinile abesifazane besikhathi esingamahora ayisithupha. Kumanethiwekhi acutshungulwa abesilisa, kwakukhona abaphindwe kabili kathathu ukuncintisana. Kepha kuwebhu, lapho ingxenye yakhe yanqunywa khona, cishe kwavela abesilisa abaningi ezindlini zesicabucabu. Ngamanye amagama, ukunciphisa nje inani lezicabucabu zesigcawu akwanele, kubalulekile ukuthi izicabucabu zesilisa zisebenzele kukho.

Izincazelo lapha zingaba ngokulandelayo. Ama-pheromones wowesifazane asatshalaliswa ngokungalingani emanetheni akhe, kanti ofaka isicelo somshado, esefikile ukuvakasha, asuse futhi apakishe izingcezu ezinamakha kakhulu. Noma abesilisa, bopha iwebhu kuwebhu, befaka ama-pheromones abo, aphazamisa iphunga "lowesifazane" futhi asabise abanye abesilisa. Kuyiqiniso, akukho mkhondo wama-pheromones “abesilisa” atholakele kulezi zivivinyo, kodwa-ke, ukuze ekugcineni uqiniseke ngokunemba kwalokhu noma ukuthi kuchazwa, izifundo ezengeziwe zizodingeka.

Kepha insikazi ihlangana kanjani nokubhujiswa kwamanethiwekhi akhe? Eqinisweni, ezolile. Lokhu kuziphatha kowesilisa kwenza impilo yakhe ibe lula, nayo: isicabucabu sidinga ukuvuthwa okukodwa ukuvundisa wonke amaqanda, kanti abesilisa abasha, abangabhemezela amakhefu, bazokhathazeka kuphela ngokuhlukunyezwa kwabo, baphazamise imicikilisho yabo yomshado yomunye umuntu, baphazamise owesimame kumalungiselelo okubeka phansi impilo yakhe. amaqanda.

Ukuthi umfelokazi omnyama wesilisa upakisha kanjani iwebhu yowesifazane ekhishini lakhe le-cobweb kungabonakala lapha.

Umehluko phakathi kowesilisa nomfelokazi omnyama

Kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, lesi sicabucabu esincane esimnyama sasibizwa ngokuhlukile kuyo yonke indawo: isicabucabu - umenzi wamawashi, umgibeli wamabhuthi, umfazi onobuthi. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lethu leminyaka, ekugcineni walithola igama - umfelokazi omnyama. Kwisicabucabu somfelokazi omnyama, izinsikazi nabesilisa zibukeka zihluke ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukwahlukanisa isimilo sowesifazane futhi uqonde ukuthi kungani enedumela elinjalo. Iduna linombala onsundu kunokumnyama. Ezinhlangothini zesisu kukhona imivimbo emhlophe. Iphethini esiswini ayintekenteke, ayichazwa kahle futhi imvamisa ayinaso isimo esichazayo. Owesilisa osekhulile akanalo ubuthi noma omncane kakhulu, ngeke akwazi ngisho nokukhubazeka isinambuzane ngokuthembekile.

Umfelokazi omnyama wesifazane, ngokuhlukile, unephethini elihle esiswini sakhe, futhi izindlala zakhe ezinobuthi ekusebenzeni okugcwele zisebenza ngokumangalisayo. Ubuthi obugqame ngamaconsi buqine kunobuthi betshisi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nomyeni wakhe, insikazi ibukeka iyisikhumbuzo nje: sikhulu ngokuphindwe kabili kathathu kunowesilisa.

Umfelokazi omnyama udla inyamazane

Ingozi yomfelokazi omnyama kubantu

Ngaphandle kokubukeka kwabo okuhle, izicabucabu ezimnyama zomfelokazi zinamahloni kunalokho. Kepha abantu bazixwaye ngesizathu esizwakalayo: Ubuthi umfelokazi omnyama abulala ngalo izinambuzane bulimaza nabantu. Amacala amaningi atshelwa ngokulunywa ngabesifazane abamnyama bomfelokazi. Ngo-1933, omunye usosayensi wachaza isimo sakhe ngemuva kokulunywa umunwe womfelokazi omnyama: izinhlungu zasakazeka ngokushesha ingalo yakhe, wabe eseyiswa esifubeni sakhe, wezwa ukujula nekhanda, ukushayeka kwakhe kwehla. Ngokushesha, wayengasakwazi ukubhala ngokuzimela futhi umsizi wakhe aqhubeke nokurekhoda. Ngemuva kwalokho izinhlungu zanda esiswini, kwaba nokuqhaqhazela okuncane emithanjeni yemilenze, usosayensi waphuthunyiswa esibhedlela. Kuvele ukungaboni kahle kwengqondo, bese uphefumula. Usinde, kepha ukululama kwathatha izinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili.

Kuzodliwa ngasiphi isikhathi owesilisa?

Abesilisa abangabafelokazi abamnyama akuwona wodwa umshado oyinsimu eyingozi kakhulu. Isibonelo, izinsikazi ze-mantis zimane zilume amakhanda abashade bazo ngemuva komshado wabo wobusuku. Umfelokazi omnyama wesilisa uba yingozi nje lapho kuqala isikhathi sokuzalelwa. Ukuthola insikazi ilenga kuwebhu, owesilisa "uyangqongqoza" emnyango wakhe, enze ukunyakaza kwesisu esiswini sakhe, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukuba iwebhu inyakaze. Uma ukudlidliza okunjalo kwenziwa ukuphendula, konke kuhleliwe, futhi mhlawumbe nesicabucabu siyohlala siphila - insikazi isilungele ukwamukela umkhwenyana. Kepha uma kungenjalo ... Owesifazane ube esekhomba owesilisa, amkhonze, azimboze ngoconco ku-webin ukuze adle lapho elambile.

Uma insikazi ilungele imidlalo yokuzalela, khona-ke konke kuvame ukuphela kahle. Umqondo kuphela uma insikazi ilamba ngokuzumayo emva kobusuku bomshado, khona-ke iyodla ibotwe ngaphandle kokungabaza. Hhayi-ke, uma egcwele, unenhlanhla, singasho, inhlanhla: ukhululwe ngazo zozine izinhlangothi.