Amadoda amadala ayizilwane ezinkulu kakhulu, futhi ukukhula kwawo endaweni yemvelo, njengomthetho, kungama-170-175 cm, kepha kwesinye isikhathi abantu abade kakhulu abaphakeme ngamamitha amabili noma ngaphezulu bayatholakala. Ububanzi behlombe lesilwane esidala buyahlukahluka ngaphakathi kwemitha. Isisindo somzimba wesilisa esiphakathi singamakhilogremu angamakhulu amathathu, futhi isisindo sowesifazane sincane kakhulu futhi kuyaqabukela seqa i-150 kg.

Kuyathakazelisa! Ukuzitholela ukudla okwanele, ama-gorilla asebenzisa imilenze enamandla ephezulu, izicubu ezinamandla aphindwe kathathu kunamandla emisipha yanoma yimuphi umuntu omaphakathi.

I-primate inomzimba omkhulu, futhi inemisipha eqinile futhi eyenziwe kahle. Umzimba umbozwe izinwele ezimnyama futhi impela. Abesilisa abadala bahlukaniswa ubukhona emuva kwesiqeshana esibonakala ngokusobala sesiliva. Kuma-primates walolu hlobo, i-eyebrow evikelekile yimpawu. Ikhanda likhulu ngosayizi futhi linobuso obuphansi. Isici esikhethekile umhlathi omkhulu futhi ovulekile, kanye nomshini onamandla we-infraorbital. Ngaphezulu kwekhanda kukhona uhlobo lomcamelo, olwakhiwa ngesicubu esinezikhumba eziqinile kanye nezicubu ezixhunywayo.

Kuyathakazelisa! Umzimba we-gorilla unesimo esibonakalayo: ububanzi besisu budlula nobubanzi besifuba, ngenxa yohlelo olukhulu lokugaya ukudla oludingekayo ekugayeni okusebenzayo kwenani elikhulu lokudla okuphezulu-okufakwayo kwemvelaphi yesitshalo.

Ukulinganiselwa kobude obujwayelekile bangemuva nangemuva lezinyawo kukhona i-6: 5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilwane sasendle sinezingalo eziqinile nezinyawo ezinamandla, okuvumela i-gorilla ukuba ime ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ihambise emilenzeni yayo yangemuva, kepha ukuhamba ngawo womane kuyimvelo. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, i-gorilla ayiphumuli izibuko zayo kuqala. Uhlangothi lwangaphandle lweminwe egobekile lusebenza njengokusekelwa, olusiza ukugcina isikhumba esinciphile futhi esizwele ngaphakathi kwesandla.

I-gorilla yaseNtshonalanga

Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi: i-gorilla eyisicaba ne-gorilla yasemfuleni, evame ezindaweni ezinamahlathi ashisayo asezingeni eliphansi, lapho kutholakala khona izimila ezinotshani nezindawo ezimanzi.

Emzimbeni, ngaphezu kwekhanda nezinyawo, kunezinwele ezimnyama. Ingxenye yangaphambili inombala onsundu noma ophuzi ngokuphuzi. Ikhala elinamakhalekhu amakhulu linophawu olugqamile lokugqagqana. Amehlo nezindlebe kuncane. Ezandleni kukhona izinzipho ezinkulu neminwe emikhulu.

Ama-gorilla aseNtshonalanga aqoqiwe, ukwakheka kwawo kungahluka kusuka kubantu ababili kuya kwababili, lapho okungenani owesilisa oyedwa, kanye nabesifazane abanezilwane ezincane eziqanjiwe. Abantu abavuthiwe ngokocansi, njengomthetho, bayalishiya iqembu, futhi lapho beshiya abazali babo isikhathi esithile bahlala bodwa. Isici esibonakalayo ukuguqulwa kwabesifazane esiteji sokuzala kabusha kusuka eqenjini kuye kwelinye. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sithatha isilinganiso sezinsuku ezingama-260, okuholele ekuzalweni kwengalo eyodwa, esinakekelwa ngabazali kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu kuya kwemine.

I-gorilla eseMpumalanga

Njengoba zigcwele ezindaweni eziphansi futhi ezisezintabeni subalpine ehlane yezindawo ezishisayo, lezi zinhlobo zimelelwa yi-gorilla esezintabeni kanye ne-gorilla ethafile. Lezi zindawo ezingaphansi kwazo zibonisa ukuba khona kwekhanda elikhulu, isifuba esibanzi, nezingalo ezinde eziphansi. Ikhala linobume obucashile namakhala amakhulu.

Izinwele ikakhulu ukudaya okumnyama, okune-tint eblue. Abesilisa abadala banomucu wesiliva oshiwo emuva. Cishe wonke umzimba umbozwe ngoboya, kanti okuhlukile kumelelwa ubuso, isifuba, izintende zezinyawo nezinyawo.Kubantu abadala, ukubukeka okubonakalayo, okuhle okumpunga kuvela ngokuhambisana nobudala.

Amaqembu emindeni aqukethe abantu abaphakathi kwamashumi amathathu kuya kwamashumi amane, futhi amelelwa ngabesilisa abesilisa, izinsikazi namawundlu. Ngaphambi kwenkathi yokuzalanisa, izinsikazi ziyakwazi ukusuka kwelinye iqembu ziye kwelinye noma ukujoyina abesilisa abangabodwa, ngenxa yalokho kwakheka iqembu lomndeni elisha. Abesilisa abasesifinyelele ebudaleni bashiya leli qembu futhi ngemuva kweminyaka engaba mihlanu ngokuzimela bakhe umndeni omusha.

Habitat

Zonke izingxenyana ze-gorilla esempumalanga zisatshalaliswa ngokwemvelo ezindaweni ezisehlathini ezingaphansi komhlaba nezinezintaba ezindaweni ezisempumalanga yeDemocratic Republic of the Congo, kanye nasentshonalanga esentshonalanga ye-Uganda naseRwanda. Amaqembu amakhulu ezinhlobo zalolu hlobo atholakala ezindaweni eziphakathi koMfula iLualaba, iLake Eduard kanye neTanganyika enamanzi ajulile. Isilwane sithanda amahlathi, lapho kunombhede otshanini obukhulu.

Kuyathakazelisa! Usuku lwe-gorilla lupendwe ngokoqobo njalo umzuzu futhi luqale ngokuhambahamba okufushane okujikeleza isidleke, kudle amahlamvu noma utshani. Ngesikhathi sokudla kwasemini, izilwane ziphumula noma zilele. Futhi ingxenye yesibili yosuku inikele ngokuphelele ekwakhiweni kwesidleke noma ekuhlelweni kwayo.

Imindeni yomfula osentshonalanga nama-gorilla asobala ahlala ezindaweni eziphansi, emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo nasemathafeni eCameroon, eCentral African Republic. Futhi, inani elikhulu lezinhlobonhlobo zalezi zinhlobo lihlala ezweni elisenkabeni ye-Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria, Republic of Congo ne-Angola.

Ku-vivo

I-gorilla ichitha isikhathi sayo esiningi ifuna ukudla. Ukuzitholela ukudla, lesi silwane siyakwazi ukuhamba nokujikeleza insimu ngezindlela ezivamile nezaziwayo. Izibazi zihamba emilenzeni emine. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-gorilla lingelabantu abadla imifino ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke kuphela izimila ezisetshenziselwa ukondla. Izintandokazi zinikezwa amahlamvu kanye nesiqu ingxenye yezitshalo ezahlukahlukene.

Kuyathakazelisa! Ukudla okudliwa ngama-gorilla kunenani elincane lezakhamzimba, ngakho-ke isivuno esikhulu sidinga ukudla cishe amakhilogremu ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwamashumi amabili kwalokho kudla nsuku zonke.

Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo ethandwayo, kuphela ingxenye engabalulekile yokudla kwe-gorilla yasempumalanga emelelwa yizithelo. I-gorilla yaseNtshonalanga, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ithanda izitheloNgakho-ke, lapho sifuna izihlahla zezithelo ezifanele, isilwane esikhulu siyakwazi ukumboza amabanga amakhulu. Ukudla kilojoule okuphansi kuphoqa izilwane ukuthi zichithe isikhathi esiningi zifuna ukudla futhi zondle ngqo. Ngenxa yokuthola isamba esikhulu soketshezi kusuka ekudleni kwezitshalo, ama-gorilla angavamile ukuphuza.

Izici Zokuphindaphindeka

Izinsikazi ze-Gorilla zingena esigabeni sokuthomba lapho zineminyaka eyishumi kuya kweyishumi nambili. Abesilisa bavuthwa ngokocansi eminyakeni embalwa kamuva. Ama-gorilla azala unyaka wonke, kepha izintokazi zishada kuphela nomholi womndeni. Ngakho-ke, ngenhloso yokuzala, owesilisa ovuthiwe ngokocansi kufanele anqobe ubuholi noma adale owakhe umndeni.

Kuyathakazelisa! Ngaphandle kokuthi alukho ulimi “lwenkawu” olusobala, ama-gorilla akhulumisana, enza imisindo engamashumi amabili nambili ehluke ngokuphelele.

Chub zizalwa cishe njalo eminyakeni emine. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sithatha isilinganiso sezinyanga eziyi-8,5. Owesifazane ngamunye uletha iwundlu elilodwa, futhi ukhuliswa ngunina aze afike eminyakeni emithathu. Isisindo esijwayelekile somntwana osanda kuzalwa, njengomthetho, asidluli amakhilogremu ambalwa. Kuqala, iwundlu libanjwa ngemuva kowesifazane, linamathele ejokeni lakhe. Iwundlu elikhulile lihamba kahle ngokuzimela. Kodwa-ke, i-gorilla encane izohamba nonina isikhathi eside esanele, iminyaka emine kuya kwemihlanu.

Izitha zemvelo zikaGorilla

Endaweni yokuhlala yemvelo, izinkawu ezinkulu cishe azinazitha.Ubukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele, kanye nokusekelwa okuqinile kokuhlangana kwenza i-gorilla ihlaselwe ngokuphelele kwezinye izilwane. Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-gorilla ngokwawo awalokothi abonise ulaka ezilwaneni ezingomakhelwane, ngakho-ke ahlala esondelene kwezilwane ezingathandeki nezinhlobo ezincane zezinkawu.

Ngale ndlela, ukuphela kwesitha se-gorilla yindoda, noma kunalokho, abazingeli bendawoabhubhisa ama-primates ukuze athole imibukiso ebalulekile yabaqoqi emkhakheni we-zoology. Ama-gorilla, ngeshwa, ayizilwane ezisengozini. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuqothulwa kwawo kuye kwasakazeka kakhulu, futhi kwenziwa ngenhloso yokuthola uboya nezigodo ngokwanele. Amawundlu eGorilla abanjwa ngobuningi bawo, abese abhekiswa ezandleni ezizimele noma ezilwaneni eziningi zasekhaya.

Inkinga ehlukile futhi yukutheleleka kwabantu, lapho ama-gorilla engenakugonywa khona. Izifo ezinjalo ziyingozi kakhulu kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-gorilla, futhi zivame ukubangela ukuncipha okukhulu kwenani lemindeni eyindawo yazo yemvelo.

Amathuba wokuqukethwe kwasekhaya

IGorilla ingesigaba sezilwane zenhlalo, okuhlala kuyo ngamaqembu kungokwemvelo impela. Lokhu ummeleli omkhulu wezinkawu akavamile kakhulu ukugcinwa ekhaya, kungenxa yobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele nezimpawu zemvelaphi yezindawo ezishisayo. Isilwane sivame ukufakwa kwizilwane zasendle, kepha ekudingisweni i-gorilla iyasinda, okungenani, kuze kube iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu.

Ukuhlukaniswa kweHitatat kwezinkawu

Izazi zezinto eziphilayo zahlukanisa izinkawu zaba ngamaqembu amakhulu ama-2 - lezi yizinkawu ze-Old and New Worlds. Ngokuyisisekelo, ziyahlukahluka endaweni yokuhlala nezici ezithile zomzimba.

Ngakho-ke, iqembu lokuqala lezinkawu linemisipha emincane, kanti elesibili linemisila ephikisayo ngokumangazayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Old World ihlala e-Afrika nase-Asia, kanye nezinkawu zeNew World - kuphela eNingizimu Melika naseMelika Ephakathi. EYurophu, engxenyeni eseningizimu yeSpain, ukuphela kwezinhlobo zezinkawu kuhlala - i-barbaric.

UGorilla: izithombe, incazelo

Ama-gorilla - amakhulu kakhulu ngokulandelana kwama-primates. Ukuchazwa kokuqala kwalesi silwane kwanikezwa ngo-1847 yisithunywa sevangeli uThomas Savages waseMelika.

Ukukhula kwabesilisa abadala kungasukela kumamitha ayi-1,65 kuya kwayi-2. Kepha, kunesitatimende esishiwo ngumdwebi wezilwane odumile waseSoviet I. Akimushkin ukuthi ukukhula komunye wabesilisa abakhulu kakhulu be-gorilla esezintabeni, owabulawa abazingeli ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, kwakungamamitha ayi-2,2.

Amahlombe owesilisa ngobubanzi angafinyelela imitha eyodwa. Isisindo se-gorilla yesilisa ngokwesilinganiso iyahlukahluka kusuka ku-130 kuya ku-250 kg noma ngaphezulu. Futhi abesifazane banesisindo somzimba cishe izikhathi ezi-2.

Umzimba wama-gorilla, onamandla amakhulu, mkhulu, unemisipha ekhulile. Zinezandla eziqinile nezinyawo ezinamandla. Ijazi labo linombala omnyama, kuthi kwabesilisa abadala, umucu wesiliva uhlukaniswe ngemuva. Ishiya liphumela phambili, isilinganiso sobude bezinto ezingaphambili kuya kobude bezikhonkwane zezinyawo ziyisi-6 kuya kweziyi-5.

I-gorilla iyisilwane esikwazi ukuma nokuhamba emilenzeni yaso yangasemuva, kepha ngokuyisisekelo ihamba ngawo omane. Ama-gorilla, njengama-chimpanzee, awanciki ekuhambeni emaphepheni eminwe nasezandleni zezandla zawo, njengezinye izilwane eziningi, kodwa ngeminwe egobile (ngemuva). Ngenxa yalokhu, lapho uhamba, agcina isikhumba sakho esithambile kakhulu singaphakathi kwebhulashi. I-gorilla inenhloko enkulu enobuncane obuphansi nomhlathi omkhulu obonakalayo obheke phambili kanye nomgibeli omkhulu emehlweni. (Isithombe ngezansi). Ingqondo icishe ibe ngu-600 cm 3 ngevolumu futhi iqukethe ama-chromosome angama-48.

Izici zokuziphatha

• Ezindaweni lapho kuhlala khona ama-gorilla, amaqembu akhiwa lapho umholi ebusa khona, enquma inqubo yansuku zonke: ukucinga ukudla, ukukhetha indawo yokulala, njll.
• Impilo yalezi zinkawu ihlala isikhathi eside impela - ifika eminyakeni engama-50.
• Imvamisa, izinsikazi zizala ikonyana elilodwa, elihlala kumama kuze kuzalwe umntwana olandelayo.
• Ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi, okuyindawo yokuhlala yalezi zilwane, inani lama-gorilla lincishiswa kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazingeli abazingelayo bavame ukubazingela. Zimbalwa izindawo ezisele emhlabeni lapho kuhlala khona i-gorilla.
• Ama-gorilla abekezelela kahle ubugqila, ukuze abonakale kwabaningi
• Izinkawu zibhalwe njengezilwane eziyingozi Emhlabeni.
• Umholi, ukuze asungule igunya lakhe, wenza umdanso omangalisayo, okuyisongo kuphela. Ngisho nowesilisa ogcwele ulaka uvama ukugwema ukuhlasela. Lapho ehlasela umuntu, okuyinto engavamile, ama-gorilla abekelwe imikhawulo emincane kuphela.

IGorilla inkawu enamandla. Kungani chimpanzee beqinile kunabantu

Kunamafilimu amaningi afanayo lapho izinkawu ezinkulu zezinganekwane zidlala khona indima enkulu. Akunakwenzeka nje ukuthi uhlangane neKing Kong yangempela noma kuphi ngoba ayikho. Kepha usengabona prototype yayo ngemvelo noma zoo ethile.

Yiziphi ezibhekwa njengezinkulu emhlabeni? Gorilla Monkey - lokhu kungummeleli omkhulu wozimele. Bajwayele kakhulu. Isakhiwo kanye neminye imikhuba yalezi zilwane ifana kakhulu neyabantu. Okokuqala ngqa, abantu bafunda ngabo encazelweni kaThomas Sevijemiz, isithunywa sevangeli esivela eMelika.

Izici ze-Gorilla nendawo yokuhlala

Izinketho zempilo yangempela gorilla ape okungaphansi kakhulu kumafilimu eziqanjiwe zesayensi ngaye. Ukuphakama okujwayelekile kwalesi silwane esijabulisayo kungamamitha amabili, kanti isisindo kwesinye isikhathi sifinyelela kuma-270 kg. Abesilisa bahlala bephindwe kabili kunabesifazane. Imuva labo elibanzi lishaye kakhulu. Ububanzi behlombe lowesilisa bufinyelela kumitha eyodwa.

Wonke umzimba ku isithombe gorilla monkey amandla amakhulu namandla abonakala ngeso elinqunu. Inkulu, inemisipha ekhule kahle, izandla eziqinile nezinyawo ezinamandla.

Amahlombe we-Shiran gorilla angafinyelela imitha eyodwa

Umbala wejazi lama-gorilla amnyama ngombala, amadoda amadala asenayo indwangu yesiliva egijima emhlane wayo wonke. Ama-gorilla akhuphuka kakhulu akhombisa ukuvelela.

Amaphethelo amade kakhulu kunemilenze engemuva. Lesi silwane singahamba kalula emilenzeni yaso yangasemva, kepha sithanda ukuhamba ngawo omane. Ukuhamba kwama-gorilla, ancike kwiminwe yangemuva, ngakho uhlangothi lwangaphakathi lwezandla zesilwane luyazwela impela.

Ekhanda elikhulu lesilwane kukhona ibunzi eliphansi nomhlathi omkhulu obheke phambili. Umthamo wobuchopho be-gorilla cishe ngamasentimitha angama-600. Isilwane sinama-chromosomes angama-48.

Ama-gorilla ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili. Lezo ezihlala emahlathini acekethekileyo, anomswakama waseGabon, eCamibia naseCongo abizwa ngokuthi ama-gorilla asicaba.

Lezo ezihlala esifundeni esiphakathi ne-Afrika ezinkulukazi zaseVirunga zibizwa ngokuthi zintaba. Ama-gorilla asezintabeni ahlukile emathafeni ngezinwele ezinde azidingayo ukuze avikele izilwane eziqandeni zezintaba ezinzima.

Umlingiswa we-Gorilla nendlela yokuphila

Kuhlala inkawu kaGorilla ngamaqembu abantu abangama-5-30. Umholi uthatha indawo esemqoka eqenjini elinjalo; kusenezimbhangqwana zabesilisa, abesifazane nezinsana. Ama-gorilla ayizakhamizi ezesabeka kakhulu zehlathi, ngakho-ke azinazo izitha noma izitha ezithile.

Ukudla kwabo kukhula yonke indawo emahlathini, ngakho-ke abadingi ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi bafuna ukudla. Ekuseni, ama-primates akhetha ukulala. Ngemuva kokuvuka, izilwane zihambahamba ezindaweni ezishisayo futhi ziphumule.

Kuma-gorilla amaningi, ukuphumula kuyiphupho, izimfanelo ezincane zidlala phakathi kwazo, kuyilapho ezinye izilwane zifuna uboya bezilwane zabanye.

Ngemuva kwalokho, baphinde badabule ehlathini, ngasikhathi sinye bathathe ukudla. Lo msebenzi uyaqhubeka nabo kuze kuhlwe. Kusebusuku, umholi waleli qembu uqala ukuzakhela isidleke kusuka emagatsheni.

Ngenxa yesisindo sakhe esindayo, umholi uvame ukulala phansi.

Njengomthetho, uhlala usemhlabathini ngoba umholi uvame ukuba nesisindo esikhulu.Amanye amalungu eqembu elinobungane agibela ezihlahleni, futhi, lapho esezakhe izidleke zawo lapho, alala kamnandi kulezo zindawo lapho ebanjwa khona ebusuku.

Lezi zilwane zenhlalo zikhululekile impela futhi zingokwemvelo ukuhlala eqenjini. Ama-gorilla awazithandi amachibi futhi azama ukudlula kuwo. Abuye ajabule ngesimo sezulu semvula.

Yize ukubukeka okwesabisa kwe-gorilla, lezi zilwane empeleni zinesimo esihle futhi sinokuthula, uma ungaxabani nazo. Umholi wabo angenza umdanso owesabekayo ukuze aqinise igunya lakhe futhi avikele iqembu ezitheni, kepha lokhu kusongela kuvame ukuwedlula umdanso.

Noma, ngemuva kokufuthelana, imvamisa iyenqaba ukuhlasela umuntu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke lokhu kuluma okuncane, okuncane.

Ama-gorilla anomusa

Iqembu lama-gorilla lizolile ikakhulukazi. Amahlazo avela ngezikhathi ezithile phakathi kwabesifazane, abaphela ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqina okuncane ngamazwi.

Umholi ngalesi sikhathi akangeneli ekuxabaneni okukhona phakathi “kwabesifazane”, kodwa ngesizotha ubheka konke lokhu ngaphandle. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwawo wonke amalungu eqembu kwenzeka ezingeni lesistimu yezimpawu, enezimo zobuso nemisindo.

Izibalo ezinkulu kunazo zonke zingama-imifino. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwama-gorilla yimikhiqizo yezitshalo. Phakathi komdlalo nokuphumula gorilla monkey idla isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ukhula, umhede, amahlumela woqalo nezithelo zezingulube.

Bafaka ukudla kwabo okuyinhloko ngamantongomane nezithelo. Ama-gorilla anemihlathi eqinile kakhulu, ihlafuna kalula ezimpandeni zesihlahla, emagatsheni nasezinkuni. Kwesinye isikhathi, ezikhathini eziningi, izinambuzane zingangena ekudleni.

Ukuntuleka kukasawoti we-gorilla emzimbeni kunxephezelwa ezinye izinhlobo zobumba. Ubukhulu bezilwane azibavumeli ukuba badle emthini, ngoba behlela emhlabathini.

Isikhathi eside bayakwazi ukumelana ngaphandle kwamanzi ngoba ku-greenery basebenzisa umswakama owanele. Ukuze uzizwe kahle, ama-gorilla kufanele amunce imikhiqizo eminingi. Eqinisweni, usuku lwabo lonke liqukethe iqiniso lokuthi bathola ukudla kwabo, bakuthathe bese balale.

Ukuzalaniswa kwe-Gorilla nokuphila isikhathi eside

Iminyaka yokuzala izingane kuma-gorilla abesifazane iqala eneminyaka eyi-10, emadodeni avela eminyakeni eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-20. Ukubeletha kwenzeka cishe njalo eminyakeni emine. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-250-270. Kuzalwa ingane encane enesisindo esingu-1.5.

Esithombeni, i-gorilla cub

Akasizi ngalutho, akakwazi ngisho ukukhasa. Kuze kube yizinyanga eziyi-8, udla ubisi lukamama kuphela. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuncelisa kubambezeleka kufinyelele eminyakeni emi-3. Isikhathi eside, izingane ziseduze nabazali bazo. Ama-gorilla ahlala emvelweni kuze kube cishe iminyaka engama-40. Ekudingisweni iminyaka eyishumi.

Yini inkawu enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni? Namuhla, i-genus gorillas ingeyomndeni wasekhaya, ohlanganisa abantu. Inkawu enkulu kunazo zonke inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-270, nokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-2. Futhi yize ebukeka kabi ngokwesabekayo, unokuthula.

Lo mbhalo uzogxila kule monkey. Ihlala kuphi i-gorilla endalweni? Ngabe kudlani?

Ulaka lweGorilla

Izindondo emndenini we-gorilla zivame ukwenzeka phakathi kwabesifazane. Lapho umuntu ehlasela iqembu, abesilisa bavame ukunikeza isivikelo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ulaka lwehlela ikakhulukazi ekubonakalisweni kwamandla nokwesabisa komuntu: igorila, ligijimisa isitha, iyama bese izishaya phambi kwayo esifubeni.

Kwezinye izizwe e-Afrika (lapho kuhlala khona ama-gorilla), amanxeba avela kulunywa yilezi zinkawu abhekwa njenganamahloni kakhulu: lokhu kubonisa ukuthi umuntu wayebaleka futhi wayeyigwala. Kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi abazingeli baseYurophu, bebona inkawu ibaleka kubo bese beyibulala ngesibhamu, babe sebetshela abantu ababehlala nabo ngendaba emnandi ngesilwane esibi nesabekayo.

Kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, lo mbono we-gorilla wawusakazeke kabanzi. Kepha umuntu akufanele akubukele phansi ukubaluleka kwamandla alezi zinhlobo monkey - gorilla besilisa. Kukhona iqiniso lokuthi ngisho izingwe zizama ukugwema ukulwa naye.

Sengiphetha, ukuzalanisa nezimo zengqondo ngakuzalo

Lapho kuhlala khona ama-gorilla, ubona isithombe esithinta inhliziyo: umama wesifazane unakekela indodana yakhe. Wenza njengomama onothando futhi okhathalelayo. Owesilisa umele ubaba onesineke futhi ozolile.

Ama-gorilla ahlala izinyanga ezifika ku-8.5. Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, enesisindo sayo esingamakhilogremu amabili, umama uyithwala ngokwakhe, ayondle futhi ayivikele. Impilo yakhe incike ngokuphelele ekunakekelweni kukamama kuze kube cishe iminyaka emithathu, ngemuva kwalokho iba ngummeleli ozimele weqembu.

Ukuvuthwa ngokobulili kwabesifazane kwenzeka esikhathini esukela eminyakeni eyi-10 kuye kweyi-12, kuthi abesilisa bavuthwe ngeminyaka eyi-11-13 (ekuthunjweni, lokhu kwenzeka ngaphambili). Owesifazane ubeletha isikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni engama-3-5.

Imvamisa izilwane zasendle zihlanganyela empini ebulalayo, umphumela wazo ongahlale ubikezelwa kusengaphambili. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi, ngisho nesidalwa esingenangozi kakhulu, njengoba kuvela, singazimela ezimweni eziphuthumayo.

Ngabe sinembile kangakanani isimangalo sokuthi kufanelekile ukusinda? Kulesi sihloko, sizozama ukuqhathanisa okubili, ekuqaleni kokubuka, okuhluke ngokuphelele ekubukekeni, ekuziphatheni kanye nedatha ebonakalayo yezilwane: i-gorilla nebhere.

Futhi yize bengatholanga thuba lokuqala impi endle, sisazama ukucabanga ukulwa phakathi kwabo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, siqonda kanjani: ngubani onamandla ngaphezu kwebere noma i-gorilla?

Ake siqale ngokuhlola amandla abo nemikhuba yabo engathinta imiphumela yempi.

IGorilla yinkawu enkulu kunazo zonke ye-humanoid. Ihlala eNtshonalanga naseCentral Africa. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-gorilla:

• amathafa asentshonalanga
• amathafa asempumalanga
• intaba yasempumalanga.

Ama-gorilla amakhulu kakhulu futhi anamandla

Ama-gorilla amakhulu kakhulu asentabeni. Owesilisa osekhulile angaba ngamamitha amabili ubude futhi anesisindo esingama-300 kg. Ububanzi behlombe lesilwane bungamamitha, futhi ubude besandla bufika kumamitha ayi-2,5.

Kodwa, ngaphandle kwemisipha ethuthukisiwe nomzimba omkhulu, ama-gorilla ayizilwane ezinokuthula nezolile. Lokhu kungenxa yendlela yokuphila yemifino.

Uma iqembu lama-gorilla lihlaselwa, abesilisa baphendukela ekusabisa isitha ngokujikijela okubukhali nokumemeza, kodwa akuvami ukuthi kube nokulwa.

Imvamisa yeduna, imi emilenzeni yayo yangemuva, izishaya ngesifuba esifubeni ngamanqindi, bese iqala ukuluma isitha kuphela uma kungenzeka siphunyuke. Kwakunezimo lapho abantu babehlala phakathi kwama-gorilla iminyaka futhi bengazithinti.

Kepha, ngaphandle kwalokhu, ungamukeli phansi umphikisi onjengowesilisa othukuthele gorilla. Unezandla ezinamandla kakhulu, futhi uthango olungafika ku-5 cm ubude lungalimaza amanxeba amabi.

Amandla we-Gorilla Bite Amandla angama-88. Inemisipha yentamo enamandla kakhulu nemihlathi ehunyushiwe ukuhlafuna izitshalo ezinzima njenge-bamboo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubuchopho bale monkey bufana kakhulu nokwakheka komuntu.

Bear

I-Bear yisitha esingesomndeni webhere. Ihlala enyakatho yeYurophu, ezwekazini laseNyakatho Melika nasezingxenyeni zase-Asia ezwekazini lase-Eurasia. Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhere anakho konke ukufana nokuhluka.

Izinhlobo ezi-4 eziphambili zamabhere:

• baribal
• Ibhere laseHimalaya
• Ibhele elinsundu,
• Ibhele elihlala kwiqhwa.

Enye yamabhere amakhulu

Zonke izinhlobo zamabhere zikhulu impela ngesisindo nangosayizi, kepha onsundu kungenye enkulu kunazo zonke. Isisindo sayo sisuka ku-500 kg, futhi ubude baso buvela kumamitha ayi-1.5. Ibhere elinamakhaza kuphela elikhudlwana kulo. Ubude bomzimba waso buqhamuka kumamitha amabili, bese isisindo sifinyelela kuthani.

Ibhere elinsundu liyisilwane esinolaka. Uhlala yedwa ehlathini. Ibaleka ifike ku-50 km ngehora futhi inezinhlwayi ezingafika ku-10 cm. Amandla okuluma yi-atmospheres engama-81.

Ibhere lithathwa njengento edla ezinye, kepha empeleni liyisimangaliso. Kumenyu yayo kukhona kokubili imifino nenyama, izitsha zezinhlanzi. Ngokusebenzisa inzuzo yenyama, kuthatha inyamazane ngisho nakuma cougars kanye namahlosi. Imvelo yayo ayilindelekile impela, ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, ingahlasela abantu nemfuyo.

Amabhere ayingozi ikakhulukazi - izinduku zokuxhuma ezivukile ngesikhathi hibernation. Belambile futhi becasukile, baba izisulu ezingenamusa.Abesifazane bavikela inzalo yabo nabo bayingozi enkulu.

Ngubani onamandla

Uma siqhathanisa idatha engokwenyama engenhla ye-gorilla yeduna enkulu kunazo zonke nebhere likhulu elinsundu leduna, khona-ke le monkey ilahlekelwa ibhere. Ibhere linesisindo somzimba esiphindwe kabili njenge-gorilla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, usengumhlaseli owaziyo ukubulala, kanti i-gorilla iyisitjalo se-herbivore. Ibhere linemiluka nemicu emide ebukhali, kanti igorilla linamaphiko nezingalo eziqinile. Futhi yize imihlana yazo icishe ibe namandla alinganayo, ibhele lingayichoboza i-gorilla ngesisindo.

Kepha, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ibhere liqine kakhulu kune-gorilla, umphumela we-duel phakathi kwabo awunakubikezelwa ku-100% ngoba endle onamandla ngokomzimba akahlali ewina.

Kwesinye isikhathi ukunqoba, njengasebantwini, kutholwa yilowo onamandla emoyeni, osabela ngokushesha. Zonke izilwane zasendle zinezindlela zazo zokulwela impilo.

Futhi lapho kubonakala sengathi imiphumela yempi isivele yaziwa, ukuguquka okungalindelekile kungenzeka, ngenxa yalokho, umphikisi wonke umuntu owayebheja ngaye uzonqoba. Amandla abonakaliswa kuwo wonke umuntu ngezindlela ezihlukile.

Imvamisa kumafilimu angewona awumbhalo, i-gorilla ivela phambi kwethu ifana nesilwane esinamandla, ukubangazwa kwempi kubulala isifuba sayo futhi ikulungele ukuhlaba umkhosi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Eqinisweni, lezi zinkawu ezinkulu zinokuthula okukhulu futhi azishayisani. Ngokuziphatha okufanele, ungasondela kubo kude kufinyelela kumamitha angama-3-4.

Umhlaba wesayensi uhlukanisa izinhlobo ezi-2 zama-gorilla, futhi ngayinye yazo inezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi. Lezi yilezi: i-gorilla yasentshonalanga (i-Gorilla gorilla) ne-gorilla yasempumalanga (iGorilla beringei). Onke ahlala emahlathini ase-Afrika asezindaweni ezishisayo asezindaweni ezisentshonalanga nasenkabeni yezwekazi.

Izindawo zokuhlala zeGorilla. Umbala ophuzi ukhombisa indawo okwakuhlala kuyo i-gorilla esempumalanga, no-orenji - entshonalanga

Ama-gorilla aqashelwa kufanele njengabameleli abakhulu beqembu lokuqala. Ngakho-ke, ukuphakama okujwayelekile kowesilisa osekhulile cishe kuya ku-170-180 cm, kepha kutholakala abantu abaziimitha ezi-2. Isisindo sabo singafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-250 kg. Akuwona wonke amagatsha ngisho nesihlahla esingamelana nesilwane esinjalo esibucayi. Ngakho-ke, ingxenye enkulu, abesilisa bahlala emhlabeni. Bakhuphuka izihlahla kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile, ngokwesibonelo, ngamaqabunga amancane noma izithelo ezithandekayo namantongomane. Abesifazane cishe baphindwe kabili izikhathi kabili futhi balula ukwedlula abesilisa.

Noma yimuphi umakhi owakha umzimba angaba nomona we-musculature athuthukisiwe namandla e-gorilla. Isikhathi esiningi abasichitha bese behamba ngawo womane, yize bekwazi ukuma kahle futhi bahambe nangemilenze yabo engemva. Ama-gorilla ahlukaniswa kwezinye izinkawu ngesici esisodwa esingabonakala nakuma-chimpanzee - uma ehamba ngawo womane, awanciki emaphepheni eminwe nasezintendeni zezandla, kodwa emuva kweminwe egogekile emilenzeni yangaphambili. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenhloso yokuvikela isikhumba esizwelayo ezinyaweni.

Izinzwani zangaphambili ezigogekile

I-gorilla yesilisa eyesabekayo ayinikezwa kuphela ubukhulu bayo, kepha futhi nenhloko enkulu ebunjiwe njengombala, kanye nobumnyama obukhulu, cishe nobumnyama, njengoboya. Amadoda amadala angaqashelwa kalula umucu wesiliva osebenza kuwo wonke umhlane futhi uthinte kancane imilenze yezandla. Ijazi elide elide libonwa kuma-gorilla asezintabeni. Ibagcina kahle esimweni sezulu esibandayo nesihluku salezi zindawo zokuhlala.

Inhloko ekhanyayo

Isakhiwo samabhulashi alezi zinkawu siguqulwa ukuze siqoqe ukudla nokwakha izidleke - isithupha sifushane kunezinye futhi kwesinye isikhathi siphikisana nabo (bheka intende yakho - lokhu kuzoba yisibonelo esihle).

Ama-gorilla agcinwa ngamaqembu amancane, avame ukuba nabantu abangama-3-5, kepha isibalo sawo singafinyelela kuma-30. Lokhu kungumholi wesilisa, owesilisa noma ngaphezulu bezingane zabo namawundlu abo. Onke amalungu e-pack athumela ngokuthula kwabesilisa nabadala kakhulu kunabo bonke. Nguye onquma yonke inqubo yansuku zonke: ukuthi uyodla nini, udlala nini, uthatha abamba, athathe uhambo aze alale.

Ukwenza kwabo kwansuku zonke kuqala ngokuvuka nokudla kwasekuseni, okuthatha cishe amahora ama-2 futhi kugeleze kahle ekudleni kwasemini. Esikhathini esishisayo sosuku, umsebenzi wabo uyancipha. Ngalesi sikhathi, isithombe esilandelayo siyabonakala: Ama-gorilla akhule kahle futhi anelisekile, ikakhulukazi izinsikazi ezinamathole, ziqoqa futhi zilele eduze komholi.

Abanye balele ngalesi sikhathi, abanye bahlamba uboya babo emawundlu abo noma kubo, kodwa hhayi “komakhelwane” abaseqenjini noma abesilisa. Izilwane ezincane ngasikhathi sinye esiseduze, zidlala noma zihlola indawo ezungezile.

Idlala i-gorilla cub

Kwesinye isikhathi izingxabano phakathi kwabesifazane zingavela, okuthi ngemuva kwesikhashana esifushane “somlomo” siqine. Umholi uncamela ukungahambi ngalezi zikhathi. Ukuphumula, wonke umuntu uyahamba eyofuna indawo entsha lapho isidlo sasemini sabo sigelezela kahle esidlweni sakusihlwa, futhi akukho kude futhi kwakhiwe isidleke sesikhashana sokuchitha ubusuku.

Balala lapho ubusuku bubafica khona. Okokuqala, iduna liqala ukulungiselela umbhede, lizakhela phansi isidleke esikhulu esakhiwe ngamagatsha notshani obuchotshoziwe. Amanye amalungu eqembu alandela isibonelo sakhe. Izinsikazi ezinamathole ngezinye izikhathi zigibela izihlahla. Ngokuqala kobumnyama, konke ukunyakaza nokuxokozela eqenjini kuyaphela.

Ama-gorilla angama-imifino. Zidla ikakhulukazi ngotshani namaqabunga (i-nettle, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi asendle, amahlumela amancane woqalo nezinye), zonke izinhlobo zezithelo ezinazo endaweni yesibini. Ukudla kwezilwane kudliwe ezimweni ezingandile. Bathola wonke umswakama odingekayo kusuka kumifino emnandi.

Ama-gorilla azalwa kanye njalo emva kweminyaka engama-3-5. Owesifazane ngamunye uletha kuphela iwundlu elilodwa, okuthi eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala yokuphila kuncike ngokuphelele kumama. Uyomthwala lapho kudingekile, futhi ondle, futhi ahlanze, futhi ajezise aboni kanye ne -ressor. Futhi ngisho nangemva kokukhula kwakhe (eminyakeni engu-3-4), kwesinye isikhathi uyakwazi ukubona ukuthi umama uyinakekela kanjani ingane yakhe endala.

Umndeni
Gorilla usana olala ngemuva komama

Ukuthomba emadodeni kuqala ngemuva kwesikhashana kunabesifazane - eneminyaka eyi-11-13 (kwabesifazane - eneminyaka eyi-10-12). Isikhathi sokukhulelwa siyizinyanga eziyi-8.5. Abesilisa bawaphatha kahle amawundlu abo, kepha akuvamisile ukukhombisa ukunakekelwa kwabazali. Kulokhu, kukhona umama.

Ngokuqondene nenkulumo yolaka lwe-gorilla, konke kuyaphikisana lapha. Eqinisweni, ama-gorilla abhekwa njengezilwane ezinokuthula nezokuthula impela. Izimpi zangempela ezihlasimulisayo azivamile ukuphela phakathi kwabesilisa abaphetha ngemiphumela ebuhlungu. Imvamisa, le mihlangano ibiza ukubonakaliswa kwamandla okunomsindo ngendlela yokumemeza okukhulu nokuhlasela isitha, igcina ime phambi kwakhe, ime ngezinyawo zayo zangasemva izishaye esifubeni. Owesilisa ngeke ahlasele kuze kube yilapho isitha sibaleka, kepha kulokhu uzoluma umphikisi abalekayo ngomlenze noma ngomunye umhlane womzimba. Kepha akubulalanga.

Lapho uhlangana nama-gorilla endle, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ubaleke ngokushesha. Owesilisa uzobona lokhu njengokuqala kokuhlaselwa. Bakucebisa ukuthi uqhanyelwe endaweni, ume kuwo womane futhi wehlise ikhanda phansi. Lokhu kuzosho isiqinisekiso sokuthobeka kwakho. Lokhu kwanele ukuthi owesilisa azehlise umoya.

Manje emhlabeni wama-gorilla kukhona abantu ababalelwa ezinkulungwaneni eziyi-16 kuya kwezi-16, kepha enye yama-subspecies - ama-gorilla asempumalanga (amaGorilla gorilla beringei) enza abantu abangama-600 kuphela. Zibhalwe kwi-International Red Book, futhi futhi zivikelwe iSikhwama Sezilwane Zasendle kanye nezinye izinhlangano eziningi zemvelo. Lezi zilwane zizizwa zikhulu futhi zizale kahle ekuthunjweni, into esemqoka ukuthi zizinikeze izimo zokuhlala zikhululekile.

Lezo chimpanzee ziyazibekezelela izihlobo zazo eziyimpandla. Akunakubandlulula. Into esemqoka akuyona ukubukeka, kodwa ukuthi umuntu muhle.

Nokho, ngasikhathi sinye, i-athikili mayelana namandla ezinkawu nezithombe

Inamandla kangakanani inkawu kunendoda, imuphi umzamo i-gorilla ingathuthukisa ngayo, yini engenziwa ngabokuqala? Abantu abaningi babuza le mibuzo.Nakhu ukuhunyushwa kwendatshana eyodwa ngalesi sihloko. Omunye wabasubathi abadumile baphendula imibuzo.
Isazi: Fady D. Isho - 7/27/2008

UMBUZO: Usanda kuphendula umbuzo mayelana namandla wezinkawu ze-anthropoid futhi waveza ukuthi i-chimpanzee engowesilisa ngokwesilinganiso inamandla aphindwe ka-5 kunowesilisa osekhulile, kanti i-orangutan noma i-gorilla yeduna inamandla amahlandla ayi-10, njll.

Umbuzo wami uthi: Amandla la alinganiswa kanjani? Njengomdlali, ngifuna ukwazi kakhulu. Ukudonswa ngesandla esisodwa, amandla engalo namandla okubamba kwakalwa, kuhlangene - noma okunye? Ingabe i-dynamometer noma enye insimbi esetshenzisiwe?
Ngibuza le mibuzo ngoba ngazi abanye abantu abaqinile kakhulu, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi imilenze yesimilo iqine kunezinyawo zabanye balezi zelamani (bacindezela imilenze ngamasisindo ngaphezu kwamaphawundi angama-2000). Futhi ngandlela thile kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi isishimpanzi esingamakhilogremu ayi-120 singaba namandla wamadoda ayi-5 emshinini wokubeka ibhentshi, ngokwesibonelo. Amarekhodi omhlaba emshinini webhentshi acishe abe ngamakhilogremu ayisishiyagalombili, okusho ukuthi chimpanzee ebiza amakhilogremu ayi-120 izokwazi ukuxubha amakhawundi angama-4,000 (okusondele amathani ama-2, okuyizikhathi ezingama-33 1/3 isisindo sayo). Lokhu kubonakala kungenzeki.
Noma siqhathanisa nabesilisa abaphakathi nezinga elijwayelekile lokuqeqeshwa. Iningi lazo lingavuna okungenani isisindo salo, kodwa lokhu kungukunyakaza okucindezelayo, hhayi amandla okudonsa, lapho ngicabanga ukuthi, ama-primates aqine kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe ngiqhathaniswa nomsubathi ojwayelekile, imvimpanzi eyikhulu lamakhilogremu ayi-120 kufanele yenze umshini wokucindezela webhentshi wamaphawundi angama-600, ngoba unamandla amahlandla ayisihlanu kunomuntu.
Kungakho ngibuza ukuthi lo mehluko wamandla ulinganiswe kanjani.
Ngiyabonga kusengaphambili nganoma yiziphi izimpendulo zakho.
Ngiyabonga.
UJim

IMPENDULO: Sawubona Jim
Ngiyaqonda ukuthi ufuna ukwazi ngani, ake ngichaze. Abantu abaningi abanawo umbono wamandla (noma amandla). Ngokombono wesayensi, ingalinganiswa njengomsebenzi osesikhathini (sebenza ngokuphelele endaweni yesikhathi, amandla = umsebenzi / isikhathi).
Isibonelo, uma umuntu enyakazisa umthwalo ongamaphawundi angama-200 ibanga elithile ngemizuzwana engamashumi amabili, bese kuthi chimpanzee afane ngemizuzwana emine, kungafakwa ukuthi i-chimpanzee inamandla aphindwe kahlanu kunomuntu kule ndaba.
Ake ngithi namuhla ayikho indlela yendawo yonke yokuqhathanisa umuntu nesishimpanzi esidala, i-orangutan, noma i-gorilla. Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe eBronx Zoo ngo-1924 kwaqhathaniswa namandla komuntu omdala omdala ongamakhilogremu angu-165 nesichwanyane sesiduna esingamakhilogremu angu-165 esibizwa nge- “Boma,” kanye nensikazi eshaywe ngamakhilogremu angu-135.
Bancintisana ekutheni indoda nemonkey kungadonsa isisindo esingakanani. Indoda endala ikwazile ukudonsa amakhilogremu angama-200. I-chimpanzee eyeduna, nayo, yadonsa amakhilogremu angama-787 esisindo ngesandla esisodwa, kanye nogundane abesifazane besifazane ngamakhilogremu ayi-1,260. Uyabona ukuthi abafowethu abancane bezinkawu bazomenza kalula umuntu onamandla kakhulu njengephedi lokushisa le-tusik. Komunye wemibukiso, u-orangutan waphonsa isandla sakhe nge-log ebisendleleni yakhe, lapho abantu abane noma abahlanu bebenenkinga yokuthi bangatholakali, bezama ukuqeda.
Ngokuqondene namandla ezilwane, amandla ezinhlobo zezinyoni zasendle alingana namandla abesilisa abane kwabangu-7, kunabesilisa abahlanu abadala ..
Amandla we-orangutan alingana namandla abesilisa abangu-5-8 abadala, cishe abesilisa abasi-7.
I-gorilla inamandla abesilisa ababalelwa ku-9 kuya ku-12, okungukuthi, cishe 11. Lokhu kulinganiselwa kusekelwe ezenzweni zangempela ezenziwa yilezi zilwane. Ukube ubuzazi izinkawu njengoba bengazi, ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi ubungeke ungabaze amakhono abo.
Izilokotho ezinhle,
Fady

UMBUZO: UFady D. Isho othandekayo,
Siyabonga ngolwazi, oluthakazelisa kakhulu futhi lubalulekile!
Yebo, ngiyawazi umehluko phakathi kwamandla namandla. Amandla ngokuyisisekelo isilinganiso esithile samandla wesikhashana esifushane angasetshenziswa noma asetshenziswe maqondana nentwana yento - futhi amandla kunalokho inani lamandla elingakhiwa ngesikhathi sokudlulisa isisindo libanga noma ngandlela thile ngesigaba sesikhathi esithile.
Kodwa-ke, ukuqhathanisa ekufiseni obhekisele kukho (lokhu akusho ukuthi ngiyangabaza okushoyo) kubonakala sengathi kwephula imithetho ye-physics. Kumzimba (womzimba) onesisindo esingamaphawundi ayi-135, ukuze kudwebe isisindo amahlandla aphindwe kasi-9, kufanele kube nesisekelo esikhona njalo sokwehlisa isisindo, futhi singahambi kuye.
Uma unikezwe ukuthi ukungqubuzana komhlaba okukhona kuwo umzimba we-chimpanzee nesisindo kuyafana - akunakwenzeka ngokwedlule ukuthi isishimpi sihambise isisindo (inkawu kungenzeka ukuthi yazidonsela isisindo) - uma kungenasisekelo esinqunyiwe, ukuncika lapho i-chimpanzee ingazibeka khona ngamandla adonsayo .
Okufanayo ngokucindezela. Incwadi endala yeSuperman yamahlaya yephule imithetho ye-physics lapho umuntu enesisindo esingamaphawundi angama-200 (+/-) emisa noma eqhubukusha iloli lamathani amaningi ngenkathi esesikhundleni esifanayo sokuphamba (asphalt). Imithetho ye-physics ayinakwa ngokuphelele lapha.
Kungakho kungakholelwa ukuthi imfene iyakwazi ukudonsa ngaphezulu kwesisindo sayo ngaphezulu ngenkume elinganayo yazo zombili izinsalela. Lokhu kungenzeka (ngokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu) uma umuntu enethuba lokulungisa isikhundla sakhe ngosizo oluqinile lokumiswa kwesihlahla, isihlahla, idwala, abalala ngojantshi besitimela, ongasusa kulo.
Isibonelo esihle lapha yindlela indoda engamaphawundi angama-250 edonsa ngayo i-locomotive. Angakwenza lokhu kuphela ngoba kunomehluko wokuphambana (i-locomotive is on emasondweni, umuntu angasebenzisa abalala njengokusekelwa okuhleliwe). Lapho nje i-inertia isanqotshwa, i-locomotive enesisindo izikhathi eziningi ngaphezu kokuba umuntu eqala ukunyakaza. Indoda idinga ukunqoba i-inertia kuphela ukuze imhlwithe endaweni yayo.
Ngokuvamile, kungajabulisa ukwazi ukuthi yini eyayisetshenziswa njengesisekelo ekuhlolweni kwamandla okuqala. Noma yalinganiswa nje ngamandla esandla, ukubamba, ukukhohlisa.
Umbuzo ohlobene nawo usaphakama. Izinkawu zingasebenzisa zombili izingalo nemilenze ukuze zihambe, njengama-tetrapods. Lokhu kubanikeza izinzuzo ngaphezulu komuntu ngayo yonke iphawundi yesisindo. Lokhu akusikho yini okubanika izinzuzo eziphambili, ngoba bangabandakanya emzamweni inani elikhulu lemisipha, elisesigabeni sesiphambano elizokuba likhulu kunabantu.
Enye indlela ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele icatshangelwe: I-Adrenaline (ngaphandle kwalokho, isici “sentukuthelo” noma “isimo esiphuthumayo”). Lokhu yilokho okuvumela owesifazane ongamaphawundi angama-110 ukuthi athathe imoto ngenkathi esindisa indodana yakhe (icala elibhalwe phansi).
Ngakho-ke, chaza, mhlawumbe okunye ukuvuselela kwakusetshenziselwa ukuthukuthela, ukuthukuthela isilwane ukuvusa i-adrenaline factor? Ngamanye amagama, ngabe kukhona okugqugquzelayo okusetshenzisiwe? Ngemuva kwakho konke, umuntu, vele, wayengenayo inzuzo enjalo engathinta umphumela wokuhlolwa.
Ngibona kakhulu! Ilinde impendulo.
UJim

Impendulo
Sawubona jim
Owesilisa oyinduna wayemi esisekelweni saso, insikazi ayikho.
Zonke izitatimende zakho ziyiqiniso. Ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwento emile noma indawo ephethe amandla amaningi aphakeme, umzimba wokuhlola umane uvele ubheke emlayweni. Kepha lapho amabutho esenele ngokwanele ukuhambisa into, into iqala ukuhamba ibheke ngakulelo mandla. (Ngokusebenzisa ijezi).
Futhi njengoba amathambo e-chimpanzee emanzi kunamathambo abantu futhi izicubu zawo zomzimba zikhula ngokwengeziwe, angakwazi ukubeka izinsimbi ezisindayo.
Kube nemibiko yokuhlola amandla ezilwane ezi-feline ukudonsa imithwalo engaphezu kweshlanu isisindo somzimba wazo, kanye nama-chimpanzee, bayakwazi ukukwenza lokhu ngempumelelo.
Izifiso ezinhle kakhulu, Fady

Ukubhebhetheka

Okusekelwa okuningi kakhulu yi-gorilla yasentshonalanga yasogwini (G.g. gorilla), ehlala emahlathini acwebile aseNtshonalanga Afrika. Une-fur-brown fur kanye nama-roller rolling amancane. Emadodeni, emuva kanye namabhuthi ayipendwe ngesiliva.

Kwakuyi-subspecies le eyachazwa okokuqala ngonyaka we-1847 isithunywa sevangeli esingumProthestani, uThomas Sevegg, evela e-United States eLiberia.Akazange ambone lowo ophilayo wokuqala, kodwa wenza incazelo ngokusekelwe kugebhezi namathambo eza kuye.

I-gorilla esempumalanga ye-lowland (G.g. graueri) itholakala ehlathini eliphansi leCentral Africa. Unomzimba onemisipha eyengeziwe, kanti noboya besiliva buba semhlane wedoda kuphela. Isizalo sihlala phezulu ngeziqongo ezinkulu ezizungeze amakhala.

I-gorilla yasezintabeni (G.g. beringe) ihlala ezintabeni zaseVirunga eCongo, e-Uganda naseRwanda. Kubonakala ngoboya obukhulu obumnyama. Isizalo sithambile kancane futhi sibanzi, amaphiko ekhalelo anesimo esiyindilinga.

Incazelo Yebhayoloji kanye Nesimilo

Amadoda amadala ayizilwane ezinkulu kakhulu, futhi ukukhula kwawo endaweni yemvelo, njengomthetho, kungama-170-175 cm, kepha kwesinye isikhathi abantu abade kakhulu abaphakeme ngamamitha amabili noma ngaphezulu bayatholakala. Ububanzi behlombe lesilwane esidala buyahlukahluka ngaphakathi kwemitha. Isisindo somzimba wesilisa esiphakathi singamakhilogremu angamakhulu amathathu, futhi isisindo sowesifazane sincane kakhulu futhi kuyaqabukela seqa i-150 kg.

Ukuzitholela ukudla okwanele, ama-gorilla asebenzisa imilenze enamandla ephezulu, izicubu ezinamandla aphindwe kathathu kunamandla emisipha yanoma yimuphi umuntu omaphakathi.

I-primate inomzimba omkhulu, futhi inemisipha eqinile futhi eyenziwe kahle . Umzimba umbozwe izinwele ezimnyama futhi impela. Abesilisa abadala bahlukaniswa ubukhona emuva kwesiqeshana esibonakala ngokusobala sesiliva. Kuma-primates walolu hlobo, i-eyebrow evikelekile yimpawu. Ikhanda likhulu ngosayizi futhi linobuso obuphansi. Isici esikhethekile umhlathi omkhulu futhi ovulekile, kanye nomshini onamandla we-infraorbital. Ngaphezulu kwekhanda kukhona uhlobo lomcamelo, olwakhiwa ngesicubu esinezikhumba eziqinile kanye nezicubu ezixhunywayo.

Umzimba we-gorilla unesimo esibonakalayo: ububanzi besisu budlula nobubanzi besifuba, ngenxa yohlelo olukhulu lokugaya ukudla oludingekayo ekugayeni okusebenzayo kwenani elikhulu lokudla okuphezulu-okufakwayo kwemvelaphi yesitshalo.

Ukulinganiselwa kobude obujwayelekile bangemuva nangemuva lezinyawo kukhona i-6: 5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilwane sasendle sinezingalo eziqinile nezinyawo ezinamandla, okuvumela i-gorilla ukuba ime ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ihambise emilenzeni yayo yangemuva, kepha ukuhamba ngawo womane kuyimvelo. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, i-gorilla ayiphumuli izibuko zayo kuqala. Uhlangothi lwangaphandle lweminwe egobekile lusebenza njengokusekelwa, olusiza ukugcina isikhumba esinciphile futhi esizwele ngaphakathi kwesandla.

IGorilla inkawu enamandla. IGorilla yinkawu enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

Imvamisa kumafilimu angewona awumbhalo, i-gorilla ivela phambi kwethu ifana nesilwane esinamandla, ukubangazwa kwempi kubulala isifuba sayo futhi ikulungele ukuhlaba umkhosi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Eqinisweni, lezi zinkawu ezinkulu zinokuthula okukhulu futhi azishayisani. Ngokuziphatha okufanele, ungasondela kubo kude kufinyelela kumamitha angama-3-4.

Umhlaba wesayensi uhlukanisa izinhlobo ezi-2 zama-gorilla, futhi ngayinye yazo inezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi. Lezi yilezi: i-gorilla yasentshonalanga (i-Gorilla gorilla) ne-gorilla yasempumalanga (iGorilla beringei). Onke ahlala emahlathini ase-Afrika asezindaweni ezishisayo asezindaweni ezisentshonalanga nasenkabeni yezwekazi.

Izindawo zokuhlala zeGorilla. Umbala ophuzi ukhombisa indawo okwakuhlala kuyo i-gorilla esempumalanga, no-orenji - entshonalanga

Ama-gorilla aqashelwa kufanele njengabameleli abakhulu beqembu lokuqala. Ngakho-ke, ukuphakama okujwayelekile kowesilisa osekhulile cishe kuya ku-170-180 cm, kepha kutholakala abantu abaziimitha ezi-2. Isisindo sabo singafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-250 kg. Akuwona wonke amagatsha ngisho nesihlahla esingamelana nesilwane esinjalo esibucayi. Ngakho-ke, ingxenye enkulu, abesilisa bahlala emhlabeni. Bakhuphuka izihlahla kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile, ngokwesibonelo, ngamaqabunga amancane noma izithelo ezithandekayo namantongomane. Abesifazane cishe baphindwe kabili izikhathi kabili futhi balula ukwedlula abesilisa.

Noma yimuphi umakhi owakha umzimba angaba nomona we-musculature athuthukisiwe namandla e-gorilla.Isikhathi esiningi abasichitha bese behamba ngawo womane, yize bekwazi ukuma kahle futhi bahambe nangemilenze yabo engemva. Ama-gorilla ahlukaniswa kwezinye izinkawu ngesici esisodwa esingabonakala nakuma-chimpanzee - uma ehamba ngawo womane, awanciki emaphepheni eminwe nasezintendeni zezandla, kodwa emuva kweminwe egogekile emilenzeni yangaphambili. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenhloso yokuvikela isikhumba esizwelayo ezinyaweni.

Izinzwani zangaphambili ezigogekile

I-gorilla yesilisa eyesabekayo ayinikezwa kuphela ubukhulu bayo, kepha futhi nenhloko enkulu ebunjiwe njengombala, kanye nobumnyama obukhulu, cishe nobumnyama, njengoboya. Amadoda amadala angaqashelwa kalula umucu wesiliva osebenza kuwo wonke umhlane futhi uthinte kancane imilenze yezandla. Ijazi elide elide libonwa kuma-gorilla asezintabeni. Ibagcina kahle esimweni sezulu esibandayo nesihluku salezi zindawo zokuhlala.

Inhloko ekhanyayo

Isakhiwo samabhulashi alezi zinkawu siguqulwa ukuze siqoqe ukudla nokwakha izidleke - isithupha sifushane kunezinye futhi kwesinye isikhathi siphikisana nabo (bheka intende yakho - lokhu kuzoba yisibonelo esihle).

Ama-gorilla agcinwa ngamaqembu amancane, avame ukuba nabantu abangama-3-5, kepha isibalo sawo singafinyelela kuma-30. Lokhu kungumholi wesilisa, owesilisa noma ngaphezulu bezingane zabo namawundlu abo. Onke amalungu e-pack athumela ngokuthula kwabesilisa nabadala kakhulu kunabo bonke. Nguye onquma yonke inqubo yansuku zonke: ukuthi uyodla nini, udlala nini, uthatha abamba, athathe uhambo aze alale.

Ukwenza kwabo kwansuku zonke kuqala ngokuvuka nokudla kwasekuseni, okuthatha cishe amahora ama-2 futhi kugeleze kahle ekudleni kwasemini. Esikhathini esishisayo sosuku, umsebenzi wabo uyancipha. Ngalesi sikhathi, isithombe esilandelayo siyabonakala: Ama-gorilla akhule kahle futhi anelisekile, ikakhulukazi izinsikazi ezinamathole, ziqoqa futhi zilele eduze komholi.

Abanye balele ngalesi sikhathi, abanye bahlamba uboya babo emawundlu abo noma kubo, kodwa hhayi “komakhelwane” abaseqenjini noma abesilisa. Izilwane ezincane ngasikhathi sinye esiseduze, zidlala noma zihlola indawo ezungezile.

Idlala i-gorilla cub

Kwesinye isikhathi izingxabano phakathi kwabesifazane zingavela, okuthi ngemuva kwesikhashana esifushane “somlomo” siqine. Umholi uncamela ukungahambi ngalezi zikhathi. Ukuphumula, wonke umuntu uyahamba eyofuna indawo entsha lapho isidlo sasemini sabo sigelezela kahle esidlweni sakusihlwa, futhi akukho kude futhi kwakhiwe isidleke sesikhashana sokuchitha ubusuku.

Balala lapho ubusuku bubafica khona. Okokuqala, iduna liqala ukulungiselela umbhede, lizakhela phansi isidleke esikhulu esakhiwe ngamagatsha notshani obuchotshoziwe. Amanye amalungu eqembu alandela isibonelo sakhe. Izinsikazi ezinamathole ngezinye izikhathi zigibela izihlahla. Ngokuqala kobumnyama, konke ukunyakaza nokuxokozela eqenjini kuyaphela.

Ama-gorilla angama-imifino. Zidla ikakhulukazi ngotshani namaqabunga (i-nettle, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi asendle, amahlumela amancane woqalo nezinye), zonke izinhlobo zezithelo ezinazo endaweni yesibini. Ukudla kwezilwane kudliwe ezimweni ezingandile. Bathola wonke umswakama odingekayo kusuka kumifino emnandi.

Ama-gorilla azalwa kanye njalo emva kweminyaka engama-3-5. Owesifazane ngamunye uletha kuphela iwundlu elilodwa, okuthi eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala yokuphila kuncike ngokuphelele kumama. Uyomthwala lapho kudingekile, futhi ondle, futhi ahlanze, futhi ajezise aboni kanye ne -ressor. Futhi ngisho nangemva kokukhula kwakhe (eminyakeni engu-3-4), kwesinye isikhathi uyakwazi ukubona ukuthi umama uyinakekela kanjani ingane yakhe endala.

Umndeni
Gorilla usana olala ngemuva komama

Ukuthomba emadodeni kuqala ngemuva kwesikhashana kunabesifazane - eneminyaka eyi-11-13 (kwabesifazane - eneminyaka eyi-10-12). Isikhathi sokukhulelwa siyizinyanga eziyi-8.5. Abesilisa bawaphatha kahle amawundlu abo, kepha akuvamisile ukukhombisa ukunakekelwa kwabazali. Kulokhu, kukhona umama.

Ngokuqondene nenkulumo yolaka lwe-gorilla, konke kuyaphikisana lapha. Eqinisweni, ama-gorilla abhekwa njengezilwane ezinokuthula nezokuthula impela. Izimpi zangempela ezihlasimulisayo azivamile ukuphela phakathi kwabesilisa abaphetha ngemiphumela ebuhlungu.Imvamisa, le mihlangano ibiza ukubonakaliswa kwamandla okunomsindo ngendlela yokumemeza okukhulu nokuhlasela isitha, igcina ime phambi kwakhe, ime ngezinyawo zayo zangasemva izishaye esifubeni. Owesilisa ngeke ahlasele kuze kube yilapho isitha sibaleka, kepha kulokhu uzoluma umphikisi abalekayo ngomlenze noma ngomunye umhlane womzimba. Kepha akubulalanga.

Lapho uhlangana nama-gorilla endle, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ubaleke ngokushesha. Owesilisa uzobona lokhu njengokuqala kokuhlaselwa. Bakucebisa ukuthi uqhanyelwe endaweni, ume kuwo womane futhi wehlise ikhanda phansi. Lokhu kuzosho isiqinisekiso sokuthobeka kwakho. Lokhu kwanele ukuthi owesilisa azehlise umoya.

Manje emhlabeni wama-gorilla kukhona abantu ababalelwa ezinkulungwaneni eziyi-16 kuya kwezi-16, kepha enye yama-subspecies - ama-gorilla asempumalanga (amaGorilla gorilla beringei) enza abantu abangama-600 kuphela. Zibhalwe kwi-International Red Book, futhi futhi zivikelwe iSikhwama Sezilwane Zasendle kanye nezinye izinhlangano eziningi zemvelo. Lezi zilwane zizizwa zikhulu futhi zizale kahle ekuthunjweni, into esemqoka ukuthi zizinikeze izimo zokuhlala zikhululekile.

Kuyemukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi imidlwane emikhulu iyizihlobo zethu eziseduzane. Umuntu angasho ukuthi isikhathi esiningi sesidlulile selokhu sahla ezihlahleni, nokuthi uhlelo lwethu lokugaya ukudla kufanele luzivumelanise nemikhuba emisha yokudla. Kepha ake sibheke amaqiniso: sisabukeka ngokufana ngendlela ebukeka njengezinkawu ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kwezinwele. Futhi ngaphakathi sihlelelwe cishe okufanayo. Muva nje kuvela ukuthi i-DNA yezimpimpi kanye nabantu ihlanganyele 98%.

Lapho ama-gorilla enethuba lokukhetha ukudla, akhetha izithelo ezintsha. Uma izithelo ezintsha zingatholakali, zengeza ukudla okunye ukudla kwezitshalo. Abayidli inyama noma imikhiqizo yobisi. Ezinye izinkawu, ezinjengamakhoba, kwesinye isikhathi zidla inyama, kepha imifino idla iningi lokudla kwayo. Ngaphambi kokuthi uzwele ngama-gorilla, khumbula ukuthi bahlala bekudla abakudlayo - kuncike ekutholakaleni kwako. Futhi ngokuzayo, esinye isazi esicabanga ukuthi ukudla okudlayo akunazo amakhemikhali athile abalulekile

Cabanga ukuthi kungani i-gorilla inamandla kakhulu kunawe. Kungani abantu bekwazile ukusinda ngaphandle komlilo, futhi kakhulu nangaphandle kwamavithamini. Shayela Isizwelo Esijwayelekile Sosizo:

Thenga imiyalo yoMdali!

Uyothi: “Uma ama-gorilla enamandla kakhulu, kungani asengozini yokuqothulwa?” Ngesizathu esifanayo nezinkulungwane zezinye izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ngoba umuntu, uma engabhubhisi indawo yabo yemvelo, uyingcolisa.

Ngikholwa ukuthi yonke imizamo yokucabanga ukuthi lokhu kudla kwabantu kufanele kube yini ngokwecebo lesimo somama kuzoholela esiphethweni esisodwa. BANGANI ! Yilokho okwathandwa yizihlobo zethu eziseduzane, okungekho noyedwa owaphukelwa yingqondo. Futhi uma siphendukela emaqinisweni, kuvela ukuthi nathi siyabathanda!

Khumbula i-jelly ne-ayisikhilimu esasiyithanda kakhulu ebuntwaneni. Yibuphi ukunambitheka abebengaba nakho uma kungenzekanga ku-flavourings? Kungenzeka, cha. Futhi yini esiyinambithe - ingulube, inyama yenkomo, iwundlu kanye ne-turkey? Cha, sitrobheli, uphayinaphu ne-vanilla. Okusho ukuthi, izithelo nezinye izitshalo. Futhi inyama esiyazisa kakhulu kangangokuba kufanele uyipheke ngenkuthalo? Uma kunambitheka okuhle impela, kungani sengeza usawoti, upelepele, udoti, ugalikhi, ukhukhamba, amasoso kuso? Okwamanje, izithelo ezintsha ezivuthiwe zilungile zodwa.

Yimiphi amasoseji esizama ngawo ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwenyama? Sikhonza i-apula usawoti ngeengulube, iminti ngewundlu, cranberry nge-turkey, nge-horseradish noma ngesinaphi nenyama yenkomo, inkukhu nge-anyanisi nesoso, futhi sidla ukhukhamba ngenyama ebandayo - konke lokhu kuyizithelo, amajikijolo, izitshalo. Futhi yini ehlanganiswe kuma-milkshake, iziphuzo ezithambile neziphuzo zotshwala, yini ethuthukisa ukunambitheka kwabo? Ama-strawberry, ama-raspberries, ubhanana, owolintshi, ulamula, uphayinaphu, i-blackcurrant, i-lime, njll.

Sasiqiniseka ukuthi sengeza amasoso nezinongo ukuze sithuthukise ukunambitheka kwenyama. Kodwa empeleni, ngaphandle kwalezi izithasiselo, inyama inokunambitheka okusha futhi okungathandeki. Uma kunambitheka okuhle, kungani kufanele uguqule le ukunambitheka nososo?

Uyakwazi ukuthosa ngokunambitheka okugqamile kunegalikhi? Kungani singafaki usawoti, upelepele noma ugarliki esithelweni? Uma u-garlic ekhona esitsheni, unephunga legalikhi. Kepha kungani kudingeka lapho uma ukudla kunambitha ngaphandle kwawo?

Inani lezithelo liboniswa kaninginingi ekuhlakanipheni kwabantu: "I-apula ngosuku - futhi akukho dokotela odingekayo," "babecebile kangangokuba izithelo zitholakala endlini yabo, noma ngabe kungekho ogulayo kuyo."

Khumbula ukuthi iyiphi indima edlalwa yisakhi sokudla enqubweni yokugaya, ukumuncwa kwezakhi zomzimba kanye nemfucuza Akukho ukudla okuhlangabezana nalesi sikhalazo kangcono kunezithelo ezintsha. Ukugaya izithelo kulula kakhulu kunokunye ukudla. Ukusuka esiswini, adlulela emathunjini cishe ngokushesha, okuwukuthi, kusukela ekudleni esiswini, umzimba udonsa amakhalori nezakhi zomzimba. Yingakho sivame ukubona abadlali be-tennis beluma ubhanana phakathi kwemidlalo.

Umuntu angaphikisana: uma okuqukethwe kwe-ketshezi ekudleni kudlala indima enkulu kangako futhi uma umuntu ecabanga ukukhulisa imoto ngophethiloli owuketshezi, kungani uMama weNdalo engenangqondo eyenele yokusinika ukudla okulamanzi? Futhi wayesenele nje! Izithelo ziqukethe ikakhulukazi amanzi, kokunye okuqukethwe kwawo kufinyelela kuma-90%. Lokhu kungenye yokubonakaliswa kobuhlakani obuphakeme bemvelo kamama - ukufaka uketshezi oludingekayo kwigobolondo elinzima. Ukuvuza okunamanzi, ingxenye eqinile kulula kakhulu ukuyihambisa nokuyigcina. Ngabe uyafuna, njenge-Briton yasendulo, ukuya emfuleni oseduze ukuthola amanzi? Akungeke yini kube lula futhi kube lula ukusetha ingadi eduze kwendlu - vumela izihlahla zidonse amanzi kanye namaminerali owadingayo enhlabathini? Lapho-ke uzokwamukela konke lokhu kwiphakheji elikahle - ngesimo sezithelo, eligcwele izakhi ezibalulekile, ezinoshukela futhi okumnandi, ngasikhathi sinye ukwanelisa indlala nokoma. Ungazidla ngokushesha - noma uzigcine amasonto ambalwa. Musa ukudida umzimba wakho. Sijwayele ukusithatha kalula, kepha lapho silifunda, kulapho siqiniseka khona ukuthi lesi yisimangaliso sangempela. Ukuqapha kwemvelo kamama kuyamangalisa, ebingasidingi ukuthi sidabule emhlabeni sifuna amaminerali adingekayo.

Izithelo zimnandi ukudla, zivuselela ngokuphelele. Uyabona yini ukuthi ngisho nangezinsuku ezishisa kakhulu, izithelo ezintsha zihlala zipholile? Futhi iziphuzo ezenziwe ngumuntu kufanele zigcinwe esiqandisini noma zidliwe ngeqhwa. Ungaphazamisi umzimba, jabula ngendlela eklanywe ngayo ngokucabanga!

Enye inzuzo yezithelo ukuthi kunokungcola okuncane kakhulu okuvela kubo, okusho ukuthi basuswa kalula emzimbeni. Ukudla isithelo, uthola amandla aphezulu, futhi kuchithwa amaphesenti amancane kuphela ekugayweni, ekutholweni nasekubonisweni kwemikhiqizo yedoti. Izithelo zisinika amandla ngokweqile. Abanye bayobuza: "Hhayi-ke, ngubani okudingayo, ngabe lokhu kweqiwe?" Futhi uzokwengeza ukuthi ngezikhathi zomsebenzi owandayo uphila ezinhlungwini, kunzima kuye ukuthi aphumule, kube sengathi lezi zinkinga zidalwe ngamandla ngokweqile. Kepha yena, njengemali, akwenzeki ngokweqile. Amandla ayisimangaliso esidingekayo ngempela empilweni ecebile futhi ejabulisayo.

Izithelo ezintsha zingumkhiqizo ofanele owenzelwe abantu. Izingane zithanda isithelo ngokwemvelo, futhi ukuze zithande inyama noma ubisi, kudingeka ingqondo ebucayi. Indawo yesibili ngemuva kwezithelo ihlala imifino emisha, amantongomane, imbewu, okusanhlamvu nokunye ukudla kwezitshalo.

Uma ukhathazekile ngokushiyeka kwamavithamini, khumbula ukuthi le mikhiqizo isinikeza ngokugcwele wonke amavithamini kanye namaminerali esiwadingayo. Njengoba ngishilo, ukusweleka kwamavithamini kuyisishayo somphakathi ophucukile.

Inzuzo enkulu yezithelo ezintsha nemifino ukushibilika kwabo, futhi uma unegadi yakho, ungayithola mahhala.Yima umzuzu

Kunamafilimu amaningi afanayo lapho izinkawu ezinkulu zezinganekwane zidlala khona indima enkulu. Akunakwenzeka nje ukuthi uhlangane neKing Kong yangempela noma kuphi ngoba ayikho. Kepha usengabona prototype yayo ngemvelo noma zoo ethile.

Yiziphi ezibhekwa njengezinkulu emhlabeni? Gorilla Monkey - lokhu kungummeleli omkhulu wozimele. Bajwayele kakhulu. Isakhiwo kanye neminye imikhuba yalezi zilwane ifana kakhulu neyabantu. Okokuqala ngqa, abantu bafunda ngabo encazelweni kaThomas Sevijemiz, isithunywa sevangeli esivela eMelika.

Izici ze-Gorilla nendawo yokuhlala

Izinketho zempilo yangempela gorilla ape okungaphansi kakhulu kumafilimu eziqanjiwe zesayensi ngaye. Ukuphakama okujwayelekile kwalesi silwane esijabulisayo kungamamitha amabili, kanti isisindo kwesinye isikhathi sifinyelela kuma-270 kg. Abesilisa bahlala bephindwe kabili kunabesifazane. Imuva labo elibanzi lishaye kakhulu. Ububanzi behlombe lowesilisa bufinyelela kumitha eyodwa.

Wonke umzimba ku isithombe gorilla monkey amandla amakhulu namandla abonakala ngeso elinqunu. Inkulu, inemisipha ekhule kahle, izandla eziqinile nezinyawo ezinamandla.

Amahlombe we-Shiran gorilla angafinyelela imitha eyodwa

Umbala wejazi lama-gorilla amnyama ngombala, amadoda amadala asenayo indwangu yesiliva egijima emhlane wayo wonke. Ama-gorilla akhuphuka kakhulu akhombisa ukuvelela.

Amaphethelo amade kakhulu kunemilenze engemuva. Lesi silwane singahamba kalula emilenzeni yaso yangasemva, kepha sithanda ukuhamba ngawo omane. Ukuhamba kwama-gorilla, ancike kwiminwe yangemuva, ngakho uhlangothi lwangaphakathi lwezandla zesilwane luyazwela impela.

Ekhanda elikhulu lesilwane kukhona ibunzi eliphansi nomhlathi omkhulu obheke phambili. Umthamo wobuchopho be-gorilla cishe ngamasentimitha angama-600. Isilwane sinama-chromosomes angama-48.

Ama-gorilla ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili. Lezo ezihlala emahlathini acekethekileyo, anomswakama waseGabon, eCamibia naseCongo abizwa ngokuthi ama-gorilla asicaba.

Lezo ezihlala esifundeni esiphakathi ne-Afrika ezinkulukazi zaseVirunga zibizwa ngokuthi zintaba. Ama-gorilla asezintabeni ahlukile emathafeni ngezinwele ezinde azidingayo ukuze avikele izilwane eziqandeni zezintaba ezinzima.

Umlingiswa we-Gorilla nendlela yokuphila

Kuhlala inkawu kaGorilla ngamaqembu abantu abangama-5-30. Umholi uthatha indawo esemqoka eqenjini elinjalo; kusenezimbhangqwana zabesilisa, abesifazane nezinsana. Ama-gorilla ayizakhamizi ezesabeka kakhulu zehlathi, ngakho-ke azinazo izitha noma izitha ezithile.

Ukudla kwabo kukhula yonke indawo emahlathini, ngakho-ke abadingi ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi bafuna ukudla. Ekuseni, ama-primates akhetha ukulala. Ngemuva kokuvuka, izilwane zihambahamba ezindaweni ezishisayo futhi ziphumule.

Kuma-gorilla amaningi, ukuphumula kuyiphupho, izimfanelo ezincane zidlala phakathi kwazo, kuyilapho ezinye izilwane zifuna uboya bezilwane zabanye.

Ngemuva kwalokho, baphinde badabule ehlathini, ngasikhathi sinye bathathe ukudla. Lo msebenzi uyaqhubeka nabo kuze kuhlwe. Kusebusuku, umholi waleli qembu uqala ukuzakhela isidleke kusuka emagatsheni.

Ngenxa yesisindo sakhe esindayo, umholi uvame ukulala phansi.

Njengomthetho, uhlala usemhlabathini ngoba umholi uvame ukuba nesisindo esikhulu. Amanye amalungu eqembu elinobungane agibela ezihlahleni, futhi, lapho esezakhe izidleke zawo lapho, alala kamnandi kulezo zindawo lapho ebanjwa khona ebusuku.

Lezi zilwane zenhlalo zikhululekile impela futhi zingokwemvelo ukuhlala eqenjini. Ama-gorilla awazithandi amachibi futhi azama ukudlula kuwo. Abuye ajabule ngesimo sezulu semvula.

Yize ukubukeka okwesabisa kwe-gorilla, lezi zilwane empeleni zinesimo esihle futhi sinokuthula, uma ungaxabani nazo. Umholi wabo angenza umdanso owesabekayo ukuze aqinise igunya lakhe futhi avikele iqembu ezitheni, kepha lokhu kusongela kuvame ukuwedlula umdanso.

Noma, ngemuva kokufuthelana, imvamisa iyenqaba ukuhlasela umuntu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke lokhu kuluma okuncane, okuncane.

Ama-gorilla anomusa

Iqembu lama-gorilla lizolile ikakhulukazi. Amahlazo avela ngezikhathi ezithile phakathi kwabesifazane, abaphela ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqina okuncane ngamazwi.

Umholi ngalesi sikhathi akangeneli ekuxabaneni okukhona phakathi “kwabesifazane”, kodwa ngesizotha ubheka konke lokhu ngaphandle. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwawo wonke amalungu eqembu kwenzeka ezingeni lesistimu yezimpawu, enezimo zobuso nemisindo.

Izibalo ezinkulu kunazo zonke zingama-imifino. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwama-gorilla yimikhiqizo yezitshalo. Phakathi komdlalo nokuphumula gorilla monkey idla isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ukhula, umhede, amahlumela woqalo nezithelo zezingulube.

Bafaka ukudla kwabo okuyinhloko ngamantongomane nezithelo. Ama-gorilla anemihlathi eqinile kakhulu, ihlafuna kalula ezimpandeni zesihlahla, emagatsheni nasezinkuni. Kwesinye isikhathi, ezikhathini eziningi, izinambuzane zingangena ekudleni.

Ukuntuleka kukasawoti we-gorilla emzimbeni kunxephezelwa ezinye izinhlobo zobumba. Ubukhulu bezilwane azibavumeli ukuba badle emthini, ngoba behlela emhlabathini.

Isikhathi eside bayakwazi ukumelana ngaphandle kwamanzi ngoba ku-greenery basebenzisa umswakama owanele. Ukuze uzizwe kahle, ama-gorilla kufanele amunce imikhiqizo eminingi. Eqinisweni, usuku lwabo lonke liqukethe iqiniso lokuthi bathola ukudla kwabo, bakuthathe bese balale.

Ukuzalaniswa kwe-Gorilla nokuphila isikhathi eside

Iminyaka yokuzala izingane kuma-gorilla abesifazane iqala eneminyaka eyi-10, emadodeni avela eminyakeni eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-20. Ukubeletha kwenzeka cishe njalo eminyakeni emine. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-250-270. Kuzalwa ingane encane enesisindo esingu-1.5.

Esithombeni, i-gorilla cub

Akasizi ngalutho, akakwazi ngisho ukukhasa. Kuze kube yizinyanga eziyi-8, udla ubisi lukamama kuphela. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuncelisa kubambezeleka kufinyelele eminyakeni emi-3. Isikhathi eside, izingane ziseduze nabazali bazo. Ama-gorilla ahlala emvelweni kuze kube cishe iminyaka engama-40. Ekudingisweni iminyaka eyishumi.

Ama-gorilla ahlala e-Afrika emahlathini asehlathini. Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu, abantu abadala bahola indlela yokuphila esekwe ezweni, bagibela izihlahla ukuthola izithelo, amaqabunga noma ukulala.

Owesilisa unesisindo kusuka ku-140 kuya ku-250 kg, insikazi inesigamu esiningi. Ukukhula kusuka ku-160 cm kuya ku-180 cm, kukhona abantu futhi abade, kufinyelela kumamitha amabili.

Banomzimba onamandla, ikhanda elikhulu. Izibambo zangaphambili zinde kunezimbambo zangemuva. Amehlo ayaqedwa, ikhala libanzi futhi liyacaba, ngamakhala amakhulu. Izindlebe zincane futhi zicindezelwe ekhanda.

Umzimba umbozwe izinwele ezinde ezimnyama. Imvamisa ahamba ngawo omane, ancike emilenzeni egobile, kepha angakwazi ukuma emilenzeni yawo yangasemva ahambe phezu kwawo ngaphandle kobunzima obukhulu.

Isitha sabo esikhulu umuntu. Sizibulala ngonya izilwane zasendle, sigawula amahlathi, ngaleyo ndlela sinciphise indawo yokuhlala yezilwane. Ubuningi bezinhlobo buncane futhi badinga ukuvikelwa.

Bahlala emindenini emincane yabantu aba-5 kuye kwabangu-25: umholi, owesilisa amabili nowesifazane abesilisa abanamawundlu. Umholi unesibambo sesiliva emhlane wakhe, okukhombisa ukuvuthwa kowesilisa. Izimpi nokulwa emndenini wazo kuyaqabukela. Ngokuyisisekelo, konke kuthulile futhi kuzolile, umholi udinga nje ukubhekisisa kakhulu "kwabenzi bokubi", futhi ukuxabana kuxazululwe.

Izilwane zivuka ekuseni, zelule futhi ziluleke, bese ziya komholi lapho zifuna ukudla. Badla izitshalo zokudla, udinga ukudla okumnandi kakhulu, njengoba uchithe amahora amaningi kule ndaba ebalulekile.

Badla amaqabunga, amakhambi, izinkuni ezingama-juicy, kanye nezithelo namantongomane. Kube sekufika isikhathi sokuphumula, ungalala, noma ulale phansi, bhaxana.

Izingane zihlela imidlalo, kwesinye isikhathi, igrimace, omama bahlole uboya babo, uma kunesidingo, bakhotha kancane abancane.

Uma umndeni ungadli ngokwanele, ungadla ngaphambi kokulala. Ngemuva kwalokho umholi, ngokwesibonelo sakhe, unxusa iqembu ukuthi lilungiselele ukulala kobusuku. Wakha isidleke emhlabathini ngaphandle kwamagatsha notshani, izintokazi ezinamawundlu zichitha ubusuku bonke emagatsheni ezihlahla ngokubheda okuhle.

Umholi unesibopho esikhulu ezihlotsheni zakhe. Uyabavikela, afune indawo yokudla nendawo yangaphambi kobusuku, aqaphe ukulandelana okungaphakathi eqenjini.

Lapho uhlangana nomunye umndeni wama-gorilla, noma abantu, owesilisa uyamamatheka futhi akhuhle, azikhombe esifubeni ngamanqindi, kubukeka sengathi kuyabheda kakhulu.

Ube eshesha njengomuntu uyahlanya, afune konke okusendleleni yayo. Kepha akuvami ukuthi kube nokulwa okungathi sína, njengomthetho, sonke isifungo sikhawulelwe ukulunywa ngumholi.

Owesifazane uletha inzalo kanye emva kweminyaka emine. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-8.5. Kuzalwa eyodwa, kuvame ukuba ngamawundlu amabili. Isisindo sengane esanda kuzalwa cishe singamakhilogremu amabili, bese ehlala nonina kuze kuzalwe umntwana omusha.

Yini inkawu enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni? Namuhla, i-genus gorillas ingeyomndeni wasekhaya, ohlanganisa abantu. Inkawu enkulu kunazo zonke inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-270, nokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-2. Futhi yize ebukeka kabi ngokwesabekayo, unokuthula.

Lo mbhalo uzogxila kule monkey. Ihlala kuphi i-gorilla endalweni? Ngabe kudlani?

Ama-gorilla akhulumisana hhayi ngezwi kuphela kodwa nangobuso

Bayizilwane zenhlalo, futhi kungokwemvelo ukuthi bahlale eqenjini. Ama-gorilla achitha isikhathi sawo esiningi edla. Njengoba bengama-imifino, badla ikakhulukazi amaqabunga, amahlumela amasha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi nezithelo.

Usuku lwe-gorilla luvame ukuqala ngokuhamba ngamafuphi eduze esidlekeni, lapho sidla khona amaqabunga notshani. Isidlo sasemini isikhathi sokuphumula lapho izinkawu zizulazula ehlathini noma zilala nje. Ntambama, ukwakhiwa kwesidleke kuyaqala. Umholi waleli qembu, njengomthetho, owesilisa onamandla kunabo bonke, ukhetha indawo yokuphumula. Lapho umholi enikeza isibonakaliso, wonke amalungu ephakethe aqala ukwakha isidleke.

IGorilla: indaba yokutholakala kwezinhlobo

Eminyakeni engama-2400 edlule, umhloli wamazwe waseCarthaginian uGannon waletha umyalezo ongaziwa ohambweni oluya ogwini lwaseNtshonalanga Afrika. Ubike abesilisa nabesifazane abanezinwele zasendle umhumushi azibize ngokuthi "ama-gorilla." Abahambi bahlangana nabo eziphakeme zaseSierra Leone. "Amadoda" asendle aqala ukuphonsa ngamatshe kumaCarthaginians. Amasosha abamba "abesifazane" abaningi abanezinwele.

Kukholakala ukuthi izilwane ezibonwe nguGannon kwakungezona ama-gorilla, kodwa zaziyizimfene. Kepha kusukela lapho igama elithi "gorilla" alikaze lilahlwe ezindebeni zabaseYurophu.

Kodwa-ke, sekudlule amakhulu eminyaka, kepha akekho noyedwa umuntu ohlangane e-Afrika "abantu basehlathini abanezinwele", akekho owezwa lutho ngabo. Futhi ngisho nabadwebi bezikhathi zasendulo, ababekholelwa kalula kubantu “ngamakhanda ezinja” namazisi angenakhanda abanamehlo asesifubeni sabo, baqale ukungabaza ubukhona bangempela bama-gorilla. Kancane kancane, phakathi kososayensi bezemvelo, umbono wokuthi ama-gorilla anganekwane angamakhampane nje, sekusungulwe amahemuhemu athi "zihaba". Futhi izimbungulu ngalesi sikhathi zase zaziwa kahle eYurophu. (Ngo-1641, i-chimpanzee yokuqala ephilayo yalethwa eHolland. Yachazwa ngokuningiliziwe ngumsunguli womzimba uTulp.)

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-16, itilosi laseNgilandi u-Andrei iBethel lathunjwa amaPutukezi. Kwaphela iminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili e-Afrika, eduzane nase-Angola. U-Batel wachaza impilo yakhe ezweni elihlala endle ngendlela eyabhalwa ngayo ethi "The Amazing Adventures of Andrei Bethel", eyakhishwa encwadini yezokuvakasha ngo-1625. IBethel ikhuluma ngezinkawu ezimbili ezinkulu - i-jengeko ne-pongo. U-Engeko uyinduna, kepha akungabazeki ukuthi i-pongo iyigorilla. UPongo ubukeka njengomuntu, kodwa akazi nokuthi uphonsa kanjani ilogi emlilweni. Lesi silo esikhulu. Ihlome neklabhu, ibulala abantu futhi izingele ... ngezindlovu. Ukuthola i-pongo ephilayo akunakwenzeka, ukuyithola ifile nakho akunzima, ngoba i-pongos yayo efile ingcwatshwe ngaphansi kwamaqabunga awile.

Izindaba ezimnandi zaseBethel zaqinisekisa abambalwa. Bambalwa abakholelwa emvelweni ngaleso sikhathi abakholelwa ukuthi kukhona ama-gorilla. Phakathi “kwamakholwa” kwakukhona usosayensi odumile waseFrance uBuffff. Uvumile ukuthi izindaba zaseBethel zingaba nesisekelo sangempela. Kepha "abangakholwayo" babebheka abantu abanjengezinwele ezinjengezinwele njenge-chimera engenakwenzeka, efana nalezo zilozilo ezihlekisayo ezihlobisa izisekelo zaseNotre Dame Cathedral.

Kepha ngo-1847, uDkt. Thomas Savage, owayehlala unyaka wonke emfuleni iGabon (ogeleza eGulf of Guinea eningizimu yeCameroon), washicilela imisebenzi yakhe yesayensi eBoston. Le kwakuyincazelo yokuqala ethembekile yendlela yokuphila nokubukeka kwama-gorilla.Ngakho-ke, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, isayensi yaseYurophu yayazi ukuthi inkawu enkulu enomuntu ehlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo aseCentral Africa, ubukhulu bayo obudlula usayizi we-chimpanzee, obizwa ngokuthi i-gorilla.

Indlela yokuphila

Ama-gorilla ahlala emaqenjini emindeni, kufaka phakathi izinsikazi, amawundlu awo kanye nomuntu oyedwa (ongaphansi kaningi) owesilisa omdala. Owesilisa uvikela iqembu lakhe ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye nakwabesilisa. Esimweni sokugcina, owesilisa, njengomthetho, ukhawulelwe kuphela ekubonisweni kwamandla, angasebenzisi wona. Ukubonakaliswa kwamandla kanjengokulandelayo: owesilisa uphuthuma kumphikisi, avele ame phambi kwakhe, amvuke njalo ngawo womane futhi ashaye isifuba sakhe ngezibhakela, ngenkathi ezama ukubaleka, abambe futhi alume (imvamisa kwaba kanye - "ngakho-ke bekungalungile", kepha ama-gorilla awasasebenzi) kudingekile, ngamafangqa angama-5 cm). Ngenxa yobunzima bamuva, kwezinye izizwe zase-Afrika, ukulunywa gorilla kwakuyihlazo, okukhombisa ukuthi lo muntu wenziwe lelo thumba wabaleka.

Kwesinye isikhathi owesilisa ukhombisa ukuqina ngenhloso yokuziqinisa: aqale ngokuphusha izwi elixutshwe kahle, indlebo yakhe igeleze kahle kube ngumsindo wokuhlaba umkhosi, emva kwalokho asukume azinze emahlombe akhe, azigwaze esifubeni. Ngemuva kwalokho uyabaleka, ame ngemilenze emibili, awele phansi kuwo womane futhi agijime, aphule konke okusendleleni yakhe, bese eyeka bese eshaya umhlabathi ngezintende zakhe.

Ngenkathi yokukhula, umbala wejazi elingemuva kokushintshwa kowesilisa kusuka kokumnyama uye kwesilivere. Amaqembu emindeni ajwayelwa ukukhokhelwa ngabesilisa abanoboya obunombala wesiliva emhlane wabo. Abesilisa be-gorilla, lapho sebefinyelele ebusheni, njengomthetho, bayashiya iqembu labo lomdabu.

Ekuseni, ama-gorilla adla, emva kwalokho ahamba kancane ehlathini. Ntambama, ama-gorilla abe nesidleke - othile wakhela izidleke zestulo, abanye balele nje phansi. Ngalesi sikhathi, omama baxubha amawundlu abo, abantu abadala namawundlu amadala bayahlola futhi bahlanze isikhumba somunye nomunye, kodwa basebenze kancane futhi ngokunembe kunamanye ama-primates.

Okokuqala, owesilisa udla isidleke ukuze alale, amanye amalungu eqembu athathe isibonelo kuye. Ngenxa yesisindo sayo esindayo, iduna lakha isidleke esingumhlabathi, ligoqa amagatsha futhi ligobe utshani buqonde ngaphakathi kuma-engele ahlukene. Abanye bonke ngezinye izikhathi bachitha ubusuku ezihlahleni. Iqembu lonke lilala ebusuku.

Ama-gorilla asentshonalanga ahlala emahlathini asezindaweni eziphansi anendawo enotshani obuminyene nezindawo ezinamathuku, kanti i-gorilla yasempumalanga ihlala emahlathini aphansi futhi anezintaba ezingaphansi kwezintaba ezinothuli olunotshani obukhulu. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zama-gorilla zihlala e-Afrika. Ama-gorilla, kanye nama-chimpanzee nama-orangutan, asondelene kakhulu ngofuzo kubantu, uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-primates.

Ukuzala

Ama-gorilla ahlala emaqenjini azinzile ezilwane ezinhlanu kuya kwezingama-30. Eqenjini elinjalo kungabakhona owesilisa oyedwa omdala onesiliva emuva (isilivaback) - umholi, owesilisa ongafakwanga owesilisa ongu-2, izintokazi ezindala ezineminyaka engaphezulu kwengu-8, oxhumene nobuhlobo bomshado nomholi, nama-3-10 amawundlu weminyaka ehlukene. (Kuyathokozisa ukuthi ucwaningo eminyakeni yamuva luye lwabonisa ukuthi cishe ingxenye yesithathu yamaqembu emindeni ifaka abesilisa ababili abadala ngasikhathi sinye). Izintokazi ezindala endaweni ye-harem ngokuvamile azihlobene nobudlelwano nobudlelwano bezenhlalo phakathi kwazo zibuthakathaka kakhulu, ngakho-ke, azibanjwanga ndawonye yiqembu lomndeni, kepha ngobudlelwano besifazane ngamunye nowesilisa onobunikazi besiliva.

Abesifazane bazala cishe kanye eminyakeni engama-6-8. Usana olusanda kuzalwa lunesisindo esingu-1.8-2 kg futhi alusizi ngalutho. Uqala ukukhasa ngemuva kwamasonto acishe abe ngu-9, bese ehamba emavikini angama-30 ukuya kwengama-40. Izinyanga zokuqala eziyi-8, udla kuphela ubisi lwebele, kwesinye isikhathi umama wakhe umondla kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu. Uma intokazi isala eqenjini layo lokuzalwa, ukusekelwa kukamama kubalulekile kuye kakhulu kamuva, lapho enengane yakhe.

Abesifazane bafinyelela ebusheni beneminyaka engama-7-8 ubudala, abesilisa beneminyaka eyi-10, kodwa ama-gorilla amancane aqala ukuzala kamuva (abesilisa ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-15 ukuya ku-20). Izingxenye ezintathu kwezintokazi nezinsikazi zishiya iqembu lomndeni ezazalelwa kulo. Abesifazane bavame ukuwa eqenjini lesiliva elingumakhelwane, kepha hhayi ukuthi uhlale naye kuze kube phakade.Abesilisa abasebasha abashiya iqembu labo baphoqeleka ukuba bazulazule bodwa noma namanye amadoda isikhathi esithile, futhi kwesinye isikhathi iminyaka idlula lapho bekwazi ukuthola abesifazane kwamanye amaqembu bese bezakhela owabo umphathi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ekugcineni, owesilisa uvame ukuhlala kulo kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo yakhe. Kumele ngithi impilo yakhe imatasatasa kakhulu, ngoba kaningi abesilisa bezangaphandle bavame ukuthatha abesifazane bakhe, futhi kufanele uvuke ukuze ubavikele.

Kungani kubhalwe eNcwadini ebomvu?

Eminyakeni engama-20 edlule (nge-gorilla yasentabeni esempumalanga lesi yisizukulwane esisodwa), inani loxhaso luye lwehla kakhulu. Namuhla, bangama-700 kuphela abamele bama-subspecies abasala bemvelo, futhi ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi umkhuba omubi uzoqhubeka ngokuzayo. Uma sibala kusuka ngo-1970, khona-ke izizukulwane ezintathu zama-gorilla zizophumelela omunye ngomunye ngonyaka ka-2030. Ngokwesibikezeli sokuqala, inani labantu ababhalisiwe liyokwehla ngo-50% ngalesi sikhathi.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izizathu zezehlakalo ezinjalo ezimbi ziyaqondakala futhi ziyaqondakala kahle, isimo akulula ukusishintsha. Isifunda ama-gorilla ahlala kuso kuyindawo yokungazinzi kwezepolitiki. Isibalo sendawo siyakhula masinya unyaka nonyaka, kepha imithetho esetshenzisiwe ayisahlonishwa njalo. Kulezi zinsuku, ukuzingela ama-gorilla asempumalanga sekusabalele kakhulu kunangezimpi zobuzwe. Imvamisa, ama-gorilla asezintabeni atheleleka kubantu, izilwane ezifuywayo kanye nezinye izilwane zasendle ezinezifo ezimbi ezithathelwanayo.

Amadlelo wezilwane asebenzayo kanye nokugawulwa kwemithi okungekho emthethweni kwenzeka kule ndima. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bazama ukubheka, benza imizamo ephezulu yokusindisa okubhalwe phansi okungandile futhi okusengozini.

1. Ama-gorilla angabameli abakhulu beqembu lama-primate.
2. IGorilla DNA ifana kakhulu ne-DNA yomuntu - 95-99%.
3. Bayisihlobo esiseduze kakhulu somuntu ngemuva kwezinhlobo ezimbili zamachimpanzi, wonke amakhaya asuka kukhokho ojwayelekile cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyisikhombisa edlule.
4. Manje ama-gorilla angaphezulu kwe-100,000 asentshonalanga ahlala emvelweni kanti amanye ayi-4,000 ezindaweni zokugcina izilwane zasendle.
5. Kunama-gorilla angaba ngu-4,000 asezindaweni ezisempumalanga asendle, futhi angama-24 kuphela kwizilwane zasekhaya.
6. Ama-gorilla asezintabeni asengozini enkulu - ngabantu ababalelwa ku-620 kuphela abasala bemvelo hhayi eyodwa.
7. Ama-gorilla angasukuma ahamba ngemilenze yawo yasemuva, kepha imvamisa ahamba ngawo womane. Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-gorilla, njengama chimpanzee, awaphumuli ezintendeni zezandla zawo nasemaphashini eminwe yezandla zawo ngaphambili lapho ehamba, njengoba kwenza zonke ezinye izilwane, kodwa ngemuva kweminwe egobile. Le ndlela yokuhamba ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine ohlangothini olungaphakathi lwebhulashi isikhumba esithambile impela.
8. Ama-gorilla nama-chimpanzee asebenzisa le ndlela yokuhamba kanye nama-anteater nama-platypus.
9. Owesilisa osekhulile ufinyelela ku-1,65-1.75 m ukuphakama ngobubanzi behlombe elingaba imitha futhi enesisindo esingu-140-200 kg.
10. Ingane incike ngokuphelele kumama, oyondlayo, ayigqokile, ayivikele futhi ayisekele ngokomoya kufinyelela eminyakeni emithathu, lapho iba ilungu elizimele leqembu.
11. Isikhathi sokuphila kwama-gorilla yiminyaka engama-30-50, yize futhi bekukhona abakade bekhona.
12. Ngokuqala kobumnyama, wonke umsebenzi uyaphela, futhi iqembu liyolala.
13. Emindenini yama-gorilla, ukuxabana kwenzeka ikakhulu phakathi kwabesifazane. Lapho behlasela iqembu lomndeni lama-gorilla, abesilisa basukuma bavikeleke. Ukufutheka kuvame ukwehla kube wukubonakaliswa kwamandla nokwesabisa: igorilla ligijimela esitheni futhi ime ngokushesha phambi kwayo, imvama isuka kubo bonke omane izinyawo zayo ishaye isifuba sayo.
14. Ama-gorilla akudingeki ukuthi aphuze - imifino enoshukela isivele inomswakama owanele. Amachibi namanzi ajwayelekile ayagwenywa lapho kungenzeka, futhi imvula ayithandwa.

Imithombo

http://animalworld.com.ua/news/Interesnyje-fakty-o-gorillah https://zooclub.org.ua/primaty/351-gorilla.html http://www.krugosvet.ru/enc/nauka_i_tehnika/ biologiya / GORILLI.html http://www.zooeco.com/0-mlek/0-mlek0036.html http://zoogalaktika.ru/photos/mammalia/primates/catarrhini/hominoidea/gorilla

Ama-gorilla angama-apile amakhulu kakhulu nezinduna.Kanye nama-chimpanzee nama-orangutan, basondele kakhulu kubantu. Uhlobo lwama-gorilla lubandakanya izinhlobo ezimbili - ama-gorilla asempumalanga nasentshonalanga, afana kakhulu.

I-gorilla yaseNtshonalanga ephansi (gorilla gorilla gorilla).

Ukuvela kwalezi zilwane kufaka inhlonipho ngisho nokwesaba. Ngempela, ukukhula kwama-gorilla kungafinyelela ku-1,8 m, futhi isisindo singaphezu kwe-140-200 kg! Uma kuqhathaniswa nendoda yokuphakama okufanayo, i-gorilla ibukeka imangalisa ngokwengeziwe. Umzimba walezi zilwane ungaphezulu kwesikwele, ubude bawo bukhona futhi bunemisipha ngasikhathi sinye, izintende nezinyawo ububanzi. Njengomthetho, isisu sawo wonke ama-gorilla makhulu ngenxa yenani elikhulu legesi emathunjini abo, emuva kubanzi, kwesinye isikhathi kube nzima kakhulu. Imihlathi yalezi zinkawu inamandla futhi iyaqina iya phambili. Ama-gorilla abonakala emakhaleni amaningi futhi abheke ngamehlo eduze. Umbala wesikhumba nejazi lalezi zilwane zimnyama; amancanyana angaba nombala wejazi onsundu. Ezintweni ezindala ze-gorilla, izinwele ezingemuva zithola i-grey tint, lo mbala ukhombisa ukuthomba kwesilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesilisa bane-nape enamandla kakhulu, egcizelelwa izinwele eziphuma phambili emqheleni. Kodwa-ke, yilezi zimpawu kuphela ezihlukanisa abesilisa nabesifazane - i-dimorphism yezocansi kulolu hlobo lwenkawu ivezwa buthaka. Izinwele ze-Gorilla zinde futhi ziwugqinsi. Ekubukeni kokuqala, uboya obunjalo buyaphazamisa izilwane esimweni sezulu esifudumele, kepha eqinisweni, kuma-gorilla, izinga lokushisa ebusuku lingadonsa lifike ku + 16 ° C bese uboya buzisiza ukufudumala.

Ingane yegorila ifunda ukuzishaya esifubeni ukukhombisa amandla. Isifundo sakhe sibukwa ngabazali bakhe (owesilisa ngakwesokunxele).

Zombili lezi zinhlobo zama-gorilla zitholakala kuphela eNtshonalanga naseCentral Africa. Zihlala emahlathini anomswakama omhlaba emathafeni nasemithambekeni yezintaba. Ama-gorilla ahlala emaqenjini abantu abungu-7-15. Umndeni ngamunye uqukethe owesilisa oyedwa omdala kanye nezintokazi eziningana ezinamathole nentsha. Ama-gorilla ayizilwane ezihlala phansi, umndeni ngamunye uhlala endaweni enkulu, edlula njalo emavikini ambalwa. Njengazo zonke izinkawu ze-gorilla ziyasebenza phakathi nosuku, ebusuku zilala ezidlekeni zakudala ezivela emagatsheni ezingasasetshenziswa kabusha.

Ngenxa yesisindo esikhulu, ama-gorilla akavamile ukukhuphuka izihlahla, amathole amancane kuphela athanda ukukhuphuka emaphethelweni noma amagatsha aphansi ezihlahla ngesikhathi semidlalo.

Izilwane zichitha iningi lesikhathi sazo zifuna ukudla, zidlula ngendlela insimu zifuna izihlahla zezitshalo eziyithandayo. Ama-gorilla ahamba emilenzeni emine, esebenzisa izindlela ezingapheli. Lapho behamba, baphumula emhlabathini ngomhlane wesandla esigoqiwe. Le ndlela yokuhamba ivamile kuwo wonke ama-apile.

Naphezu kokubukeka okumangazayo, ama-gorilla athule kakhulu. Imvamisa izilwane zidla ukudla ngenhlama, zibheke amanye amalungu omhlambi ekhoneni lamehlo awo. Amawundlu athembekile ngokwengeziwe, adlala kakhulu, kepha imidlalo yawo ayinamisindo. Igunya lowesilisa emndenini alinakunyakaziswa, ngakho-ke, uma kuvela ukungaqondani emhlambini, khona-ke kuvame kakhulu phakathi kwabesifazane. Sebexabene, bavusa umbimbi futhi balume bodwa. Kepha lo mholi akazibekezeleli izimpikiswano ezinjalo isikhashana, lapho ephonsa masinyane ubeka ama-cuffs amabili kubafazi abanamagqubu bese kuthi ukubusa kwakhe kubuse umhlambi.

Ukulwa kwangempela kuphakama phakathi kwabesilisa kuphela uma abancane bethi bangumndeni wakudala, kodwa ngisho nakulesi simo bancamela ukuzibandakanya nokukhombisa ukusongela, kunokuba kusetshenziswe. Iqiniso ngukuthi ama-gorilla anamandla amakhulu emisipha futhi angalimaza kakhulu ngesikhathi sempi, ngakho-ke abesilisa bahlela imincintiswano “yesithombe”. Ngasikhathi sinye, basukuma bangene emilenzeni yabo yangemuva, bazishaya esifubeni ngamanqindi bamemeze kakhulu.

Ama-gorilla angama-imifino ngokuphelele; adla izitshalo kuphela, akhetha amaqabunga neziqu. Izithelo zakha ingxenye encane ekudleni kwazo. Ngenxa yokudla okunama-kilojoule aphansi, lezi zilwane ziyaphoqelelwa ukuthi zichithe isikhathi esingu-40-60% sesikhathi sosuku ekondleni. Lezi zinkawu azivamile ukuphuza, njengoba zithola umswakama odingekayo ngokudla.Njengama-orangutan, ama-gorilla awathandi amanzi futhi azama ukucasha emvuleni ngaphansi kwemiqhele emide yemithi.

Gorilla ngenkathi usuthisa.

Ama-gorilla azala unyaka wonke. Abesifazane bashada kuphela nomholi wezinkomo; abesilisa abasele kufanele baqale bathole ukuhola ukuze baqhubeke nohlobo. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-8.5.

I-gorilla yowesifazane izala eyodwa, incane kaningi - amawundlu amabili futhi ikhombisa ukukhathalela okuthinta bona.

Okokuqala, ingane ibambelela esambeni sikamama, bese iyicindezela esifubeni sayo, ingane ekhulile iqhubekela emuva kuye lowesifazane ayithwale yonke indawo.

Naphezu kokubonakala kuphazamiseka, izinsana, njengaleli gorilla elisentshonalanga, zizizwa zikhululekile ngokuphelele ngemuva komama bazo.

Amawundlu asekhulile ahamba ngokuzimela, kepha ahambisana nonina isikhathi eside (kuze kube iminyaka emi-5). Ngisho nangemva kokuba osemusha ehlukaniswe ngokuphelele, kudlula phakathi nesikhathi sobusha futhi ekugcineni ama-gorilla abe ngabantu abadala ngeminyaka eyi-12-16. Ama-gorilla ahlala emvelweni iminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-30, ekudingisweni, isikhathi sokuphila singafinyelela eminyakeni engama-50-55.

Iwundlu leduna elisesiswini sikanina.

Emvelweni wemvelo, lezi zinkawu azinazitha: ubukhulu obukhulu, amandla nokusekelwa okuhlangene kubenza bahlaselwe kwezinye izilwane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-gorilla awakhombisi ulaka kwabakhelwane bawo: badla ngezihluthu ezingangeni zamahlathi, abanaki izinkawu ezincane. Isitha sabo okuwukuphela komuntu, noma, abanye abazingeli. Abantu bendawo ekuqaleni abazange bawazingele ama-gorilla, kodwa njengoba izwe elithuthukayo lalifunda ngama-gorilla, baba imibukiso ebalulekile yamaqoqo wezilwane. Kulokhu, kwaqalwa isikejana esiyinqaba: Amagorilla amadala abulawa ukunqamula ama-paws awo, okuluhlobo lwesikhumbuzo semfashini sabacebile. Amawundlu asindayo adluliselwa ezindaweni zokuzimela ezizimele. Inkinga ehlukile izifo zabantu ezithinta ama-gorilla. Phambilini, phakathi kwabendawo, izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane, ngokwesibonelo, bezingaziwa, manje izivakashi zingabathwali bamagciwane. Ama-gorilla angavikelwanga umkhuhlane kunzima kakhulu ukubekezelela endle futhi kwesinye isikhathi afa. Ukuphakamisa konke, lezi zilwane zihlushwa ukwehla kwezindawo zokuhlala. Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okuqhubekayo kanye nezimpi zombango esifundeni lapho kuhlala khona ama-gorilla, kubenze baba sesimweni esibucayi.

Le gorilla encane yasindiswa ezandleni zabathengisi bezilwane eCongo. Ngenkathi intandane ijwayela ikhaya elisha, izisebenzi zesikhungo sokuhlunyeleliswa kwezingane zigqoka imaski ukuze zingatheleleleli ingane ngezifo zabantu.

Ekuthunjweni, lezi zilwane zenziwa kahle uma zikhuliswa ngabantu kusukela ebuntwaneni. Kepha ukuphatha ama-gorilla kudinga ukuqonda kwengqondo yabo - ababona abadlali besekethe futhi abahloselwe ukufunda amaqhinga. Ngesimo sokuzola nenhlonipho, ama-gorilla athola kalula ukuqondana nomuntu. Igorila elisentshonalanga yamathafa asezansi okuthiwa uCoco yayiyisilwane sokuqala ukwazi kahle ukukhuluma kwabantu. Kuliqiniso, ngenxa yezakhi zesakhiwo semphimbo, inkawu ayikwazi ukukhiqiza imisindo yabantu, kepha amagama athathelwa indawo ukuthinta. Eminyakeni engu-40 yokuphila kwakhe, uCoco usefunde amagama angaba ngu-2 000 esiNgisi ngendlebe futhi wafunda amagama acishe abe ngu-1 000 olimini lwezithulu. Ngosizo lwabo, akagcini nje ngokwazisa abanakekeli ngezidingo zakhe ezisheshayo, kodwa futhi uveza imiqondo engabonakali, imizwa eyinkimbinkimbi kanye namahlaya.

Empilweni yakhe yonke, uCoco usephindaphinde ukutshela abagadi bakhe ngesifiso sokuba ne-cub. Ukuze aqinise isizungu sakhe, wavunyelwa ukuba aphathe ikati. Ngemuva kokushona ngengozi kwengane yokuqala, uCoco wakhala, esithombeni, engowesibili kumawadi akhe.

Umbuso: Izilwane (Animalia).
Uhlobo: AmaChordates (Chordata).
Ibanga: AmaMammals (amaMammalia).
Isigcawu: Izibalo
Umndeni: Ama-Hominids (Homnidae).
Ubulili: AmaGorilla.
Buka: Gorilla - Gorilla gorilla Savage et Wyman, 1847 (V, 174)

Kungani kubhalwe eNcwadini ebomvu

Gorilla - Gorilla gorilla - Usengozini.Ngokusho kwe-IUCN Red Book ngezigaba, i-gorilla iyinhlobo encane enenani labantu elinciphile, elingaba sengozini yokuqothulwa maduze.

Ukwehla kwenani lama-gorilla kubangelwa ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokuhlala kwabantu nokuzingela. ECongo, eCameroon, eZaire naseGabon, ama-gorilla asazingelwa.

Ungathola kanjani

Ukukhula kwama-gorilla wesilisa kufika ku-180 cm, kube nesisindo kufika kuma-280 kg. Umzimba mkhulu. Isiqu sinjengomgqomo, isifuba sinamandla, isisu siqine, intamo imfushane, ikhanda likhulu, izandulelo zinde, izitho zangasemuva zifushane. Iminwe ifinyeziwe, ixhumeke emilenzeni yasemuva icishe ifane nama-phalanges ezipikili. Ikhanda liyindilinga, elinesigaba sobuso esivele sivele kancane. Izindlebe zincane, zicindezelwe ekhanda.

Imidwebo ephakeme ithuthukiswe kakhulu. Amakhala amakhulu. Izinwele zilukhuni, ubude obuphakathi, kunokuqabukela. Umbala wayo umnyama. Ubuso, izindlebe, izandla nezinyawo akunalutho. Ngaphezulu kwekhanda kukhona uhlobo lomcamelo, isithombe (okugeza ngokuqina kwesikhumba futhi embozwe izinwele.

Lapho kuhlala khona

Sisatshalaliswe engxenyeni esentshonalanga nesikhungo sezwekazi lase-Equatorial kusuka eSoutheast Nigeria enyakatho naseningizimu ngeCameroon, iGabon cishe kuya emfuleni. ECongo Ukusuka ogwini olusentshonalanga, uhla lufinyelela ezweni elingamakhilomitha angama-800 ukuya emfuleni. Ubangi, inkantolo engenhla yoMfula iCongo. Ingxenye yesibili yebanga isendaweni eyi-1000 km ukuya empumalanga futhi itholakala eCentral Africa. Inesimo sonxantathu futhi itholakala cishe ngokuphelele eZaire.

Umngcele usuka eLubutu ekhoneni elisenyakatho-ntshonalanga yezwe, uye eLubero enyakatho-mpumalanga uye eFizi eningizimu. Ukusuka enyakatho kuye eningizimu, uhla lufinyelela cishe ku-480 km, ukusuka empumalanga kuye entshonalanga, i-350 km. Indawo ephelele engaba ngama-56,000 km2. Eduze kwezintaba-mlilo zaseVerunga kanye nehlathi laseKayonza, umngcele wegorilla udlulela e-Uganda naseRwanda ngaphansi kweRift Valley nengxenye esempumalanga yezintaba ezivuthayo.

Kunezindawo ezintathu ezingaphansi kwama-gorilla. I-gorilla yasentabeni G. g. I-benngei - igorilla enkulu, ebude bude obufika ku-172-220 cm, isatshalaliswa ezintabeni zaseKahuzi naseVirunga eZaire, eRwanda nase-Uganda.

I-Western gorilla G. g. gorilla - osayizi mncane - afinyelela ku-168 cm endaweni efanelekile, asatshalaliswa ezindaweni eziphansi zaseningizimu yeNigeria, eningizimu yeCameroon, iRio Muni neZaire - eningizimu emlonyeni we-gorilla yase-Rongo Eastern - G. g. amathuna - amakhulu ngobukhulu, asatshalaliswa kusuka ebhange lomfula elifanele. ICongo e-East Zaire iye echibini lika-Edward noKivu eningizimu esifundazweni saseManiema nezintaba ze-Itombwe enyakatho nentshonalanga yeLake. Tanganyika. Ngaphezu kwalokho kunabantu abangabodwa eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Uganda.

Ubuwazi ukuthi i-gorilla:

• ungummeleli omkhulu wezinkawu,
• ingaphakamisa isisindo esingu-980 kg
• endle kusala ama-gorilla asezintabeni angaba ngu-300 kuphela,
• kwabesilisa abadala, ijazi elinombala wesiliva ngemuva
• ubude bengalo bungaphezu kuka-2,5 m,
• izinsikazi namathole angakhuphuka esihlahleni, kanti abesilisa bavame ukuhlala emhlabathini ngenxa yobukhulu bawo,
• ekuthunjweni phila iminyaka engama-50.

Kafushane ngento esemqoka. Obani ama-gorilla?

Ama-gorilla athathwa njengezimbali ezinkulu kakhulu. Lokhu kufakazela ukuphakama nesisindo sabo: kwesinye isikhathi abesilisa bayafinyelela 1.7 m vs 250 kg ! Vuma, idatha iyamangaza ngisho nomhlaseli. Kodwa-ke, lezi zilwane zidla ngokuyimila ezitshalweni.

Isisekelo sokudla kwabo imifino namakhambi afana ne-nettle kanye ne-celery, amantongomane, izithelo nobumba, equkethe amaminerali asebenzayo. Kokudla kwezilwane, bakhetha izinambuzane.

Mangaki amagorila ahlala? Phendula lapha

Ama-gorilla anezitha ezimbalwa kakhulu endaweni yazo yemvelo, evumela ukuthi izilwane eziningi ziphile zize ziguge kakhulu. Futhi lokhu kuguga kwenzeka cishe phakathi 40 ubudala.

Akunakwenzeka ukukhuluma ngokuqondile ngokwesilinganiso sokuphila kwezinkawu ku-vivo ngenxa yobunzima obuhambisana nokucwaninga ngalesi sihloko.

Ngakho-ke, ngokwesilinganiso sokuphila esijwayelekile, izinkomba ku 30-35 ubudala. Abesifazane bayaziwa ukuthi baphila isikhashana, ngenxa yemvelo yabo ekhululeke kakhudlwana.

Ama-gorilla athunjiwe. Lokhu kuthinta kanjani isikhathi sokuphila kwakho?

Impilo yama-gorilla ekudingisweni ifundwe kangcono kakhulu.Kuyaziwa ukuthi kuma-zoo gorilla asaphila, ngokwesilinganiso, aze afike eminyakeni engama-50. Lokhu kuthintwa hhayi kuphela yizimo ezithandekayo zemvelo (ukondliwa okujwayelekile nokuhlala kwenzeka, ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, ukuntuleka kwezilwane ezidla ezinye), kodwa futhi nezinye izinto.

Ucwaningo kuma-zoo aseMelika akhombisa ukuthi uhlobo lobuntu babo linomthelela ezimpilweni zezinkawu.

Ama-Gorillas, abebesondelene kakhulu nabaqambi, okungukuthi, babenobungane futhi benobungane ezihlotsheni, babekhuthele futhi bezimisele, baphila, ngokwesilinganiso, iminyaka eyi-10-15 isikhathi eside kunezinkawu ezivalekile.

Mangaki ama-gorilla ahlala - ompetha ngeminyaka

Mhlawumbe ethandwa kakhulu i-gorilla ehlala isikhathi eside - Fatou ehlala endaweni yezilwane yaseBerlin. Ephreli 13, 2016 UFatou waphenduka wonke 59 ubudala! Kulaba abangu-59, cishe abangama-57 bachitha e-zoo.

UFatou uyiphayona ngandlela zonke: akayena i-gorilla yakudala kule zoo, kodwa futhi waba ngowokuqala ukuletha inzalo: 1974 ngonyaka wabeletha indodakazi egama linguDufte. UFatou manje ugogo.

UGorilla wazalelwa eNtshonalanga Afrika ngonyaka we-1957, kodwa usuku ngqo lokuzalwa kwakhe alukaziwa. Kepha kuyaziwa ukuthi manje uphila kangcono kakhulu kunanoma iyiphi enye i-gorilla, ngisho nasendle.

UFatou unendawo ebekelwe eceleni ehlukile, futhi amondla ngezithelo eziqunyiwe, ngoba kunzima kuye ukuhlafuna eyakhe. UFatou ukhetha inkampani yabanakekeli ngaphezu komphakathi wezinye izinkawu, futhi unomusa kakhulu kubavakashi abajwayelekile.

Usuku lokuzalwa lukaFatou lugubha ngezinga elikhulu: minyaka yonke wethulwa ngezithelo ezingajwayelekile nentaba yamaswidi.

Amanye ama-gorilla ahlala isikhathi eside nawo ayaziwa. Ngakho-ke, e-Ohio Zoo kuhlala inkawu endala kunayo yonke emhlabeni, emdala kunezinyanga ezi-4 kunoFatou. U-Kolo wazalelwa e-zoo ngo-1956, manje usenezingane ezi-3, abazukulu abangaphezu kuka-20 nabazukulu abakhulu, futhi unabazukulu abathathu abakhulu. Nomndeni onobungane, bahlala ezindaweni ezivulekile zoo.

Le ndatshana iyatholakala nangezilimi ezilandelayo: Thai

Izinhlobo ze-Gorilla:

• ukuphakama: abesilisa - 1.65-2.0 m, abesifazane - 1.4 m,
• isisindo: abesilisa - 160 - 225 kg (ekudingisweni kuze kufike kuma-270 kg), abesifazane 60 kg00 kg,
• isikhathi sokuphila: iminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengama-40 (ekudingisweni - kuze kube yiminyaka engama-50, irekhodi leminyaka engama-54).

Kunamafilimu amaningi afanayo lapho izinkawu ezinkulu zezinganekwane zidlala khona indima enkulu. Akunakwenzeka nje ukuthi uhlangane neKing Kong yangempela noma kuphi ngoba ayikho. Kepha usengabona prototype yayo ngemvelo noma zoo ethile.

Yiziphi ezibhekwa njengezinkulu emhlabeni? Gorilla Monkey - lokhu kungummeleli omkhulu wozimele. Bajwayele kakhulu. Isakhiwo kanye neminye imikhuba yalezi zilwane ifana kakhulu neyabantu. Okokuqala ngqa, abantu bafunda ngabo encazelweni kaThomas Sevijemiz, isithunywa sevangeli esivela eMelika.

Izici ze-Gorilla nendawo yokuhlala

Izinketho zempilo yangempela gorilla ape okungaphansi kakhulu kumafilimu eziqanjiwe zesayensi ngaye. Ukuphakama okujwayelekile kwalesi silwane esijabulisayo kungamamitha amabili, kanti isisindo kwesinye isikhathi sifinyelela kuma-270 kg. Abesilisa bahlala bephindwe kabili kunabesifazane. Imuva labo elibanzi lishaye kakhulu. Ububanzi behlombe lowesilisa bufinyelela kumitha eyodwa.

Wonke umzimba ku isithombe gorilla monkey amandla amakhulu namandla abonakala ngeso elinqunu. Inkulu, inemisipha ekhule kahle, izandla eziqinile nezinyawo ezinamandla.

Amahlombe we-Shiran gorilla angafinyelela imitha eyodwa

Umbala wejazi lama-gorilla amnyama ngombala, amadoda amadala asenayo indwangu yesiliva egijima emhlane wayo wonke. Ama-gorilla akhuphuka kakhulu akhombisa ukuvelela.

Amaphethelo amade kakhulu kunemilenze engemuva. Lesi silwane singahamba kalula emilenzeni yaso yangasemva, kepha sithanda ukuhamba ngawo omane. Ukuhamba kwama-gorilla, ancike kwiminwe yangemuva, ngakho uhlangothi lwangaphakathi lwezandla zesilwane luyazwela impela.

Ekhanda elikhulu lesilwane kukhona ibunzi eliphansi nomhlathi omkhulu obheke phambili. Umthamo wobuchopho be-gorilla cishe ngamasentimitha angama-600.Isilwane sinama-chromosomes angama-48.

Ama-gorilla ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili. Lezo ezihlala emahlathini acekethekileyo, anomswakama waseGabon, eCamibia naseCongo abizwa ngokuthi ama-gorilla asicaba.

Lezo ezihlala esifundeni esiphakathi ne-Afrika ezinkulukazi zaseVirunga zibizwa ngokuthi zintaba. Ama-gorilla asezintabeni ahlukile emathafeni ngezinwele ezinde azidingayo ukuze avikele izilwane eziqandeni zezintaba ezinzima.

Umlingiswa we-Gorilla nendlela yokuphila

Kuhlala inkawu kaGorilla ngamaqembu abantu abangama-5-30. Umholi uthatha indawo esemqoka eqenjini elinjalo; kusenezimbhangqwana zabesilisa, abesifazane nezinsana. Ama-gorilla ayizakhamizi ezesabeka kakhulu zehlathi, ngakho-ke azinazo izitha noma izitha ezithile.

Ukudla kwabo kukhula yonke indawo emahlathini, ngakho-ke abadingi ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi bafuna ukudla. Ekuseni, ama-primates akhetha ukulala. Ngemuva kokuvuka, izilwane zihambahamba ezindaweni ezishisayo futhi ziphumule.

Kuma-gorilla amaningi, ukuphumula kuyiphupho, izimfanelo ezincane zidlala phakathi kwazo, kuyilapho ezinye izilwane zifuna uboya bezilwane zabanye.

Ngemuva kwalokho, baphinde badabule ehlathini, ngasikhathi sinye bathathe ukudla. Lo msebenzi uyaqhubeka nabo kuze kuhlwe. Kusebusuku, umholi waleli qembu uqala ukuzakhela isidleke kusuka emagatsheni.

Ngenxa yesisindo sakhe esindayo, umholi uvame ukulala phansi.

Njengomthetho, uhlala usemhlabathini ngoba umholi uvame ukuba nesisindo esikhulu. Amanye amalungu eqembu elinobungane agibela ezihlahleni, futhi, lapho esezakhe izidleke zawo lapho, alala kamnandi kulezo zindawo lapho ebanjwa khona ebusuku.

Lezi zilwane zenhlalo zikhululekile impela futhi zingokwemvelo ukuhlala eqenjini. Ama-gorilla awazithandi amachibi futhi azama ukudlula kuwo. Abuye ajabule ngesimo sezulu semvula.

Yize ukubukeka okwesabisa kwe-gorilla, lezi zilwane empeleni zinesimo esihle futhi sinokuthula, uma ungaxabani nazo. Umholi wabo angenza umdanso owesabekayo ukuze aqinise igunya lakhe futhi avikele iqembu ezitheni, kepha lokhu kusongela kuvame ukuwedlula umdanso.

Noma, ngemuva kokufuthelana, imvamisa iyenqaba ukuhlasela umuntu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke lokhu kuluma okuncane, okuncane.

Ama-gorilla anomusa

Iqembu lama-gorilla lizolile ikakhulukazi. Amahlazo avela ngezikhathi ezithile phakathi kwabesifazane, abaphela ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqina okuncane ngamazwi.

Umholi ngalesi sikhathi akangeneli ekuxabaneni okukhona phakathi “kwabesifazane”, kodwa ngesizotha ubheka konke lokhu ngaphandle. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwawo wonke amalungu eqembu kwenzeka ezingeni lesistimu yezimpawu, enezimo zobuso nemisindo.

Izibalo ezinkulu kunazo zonke zingama-imifino. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwama-gorilla yimikhiqizo yezitshalo. Phakathi komdlalo nokuphumula gorilla monkey idla isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ukhula, umhede, amahlumela woqalo nezithelo zezingulube.

Bafaka ukudla kwabo okuyinhloko ngamantongomane nezithelo. Ama-gorilla anemihlathi eqinile kakhulu, ihlafuna kalula ezimpandeni zesihlahla, emagatsheni nasezinkuni. Kwesinye isikhathi, ezikhathini eziningi, izinambuzane zingangena ekudleni.

Ukuntuleka kukasawoti we-gorilla emzimbeni kunxephezelwa ezinye izinhlobo zobumba. Ubukhulu bezilwane azibavumeli ukuba badle emthini, ngoba behlela emhlabathini.

Isikhathi eside bayakwazi ukumelana ngaphandle kwamanzi ngoba ku-greenery basebenzisa umswakama owanele. Ukuze uzizwe kahle, ama-gorilla kufanele amunce imikhiqizo eminingi. Eqinisweni, usuku lwabo lonke liqukethe iqiniso lokuthi bathola ukudla kwabo, bakuthathe bese balale.

Ukuzalaniswa kwe-Gorilla nokuphila isikhathi eside

Iminyaka yokuzala izingane kuma-gorilla abesifazane iqala eneminyaka eyi-10, emadodeni avela eminyakeni eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-20. Ukubeletha kwenzeka cishe njalo eminyakeni emine. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-250-270. Kuzalwa ingane encane enesisindo esingu-1.5.

Esithombeni, i-gorilla cub

Akasizi ngalutho, akakwazi ngisho ukukhasa. Kuze kube yizinyanga eziyi-8, udla ubisi lukamama kuphela. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuncelisa kubambezeleka kufinyelele eminyakeni emi-3.Isikhathi eside, izingane ziseduze nabazali bazo. Ama-gorilla ahlala emvelweni kuze kube cishe iminyaka engama-40. Ekudingisweni iminyaka eyishumi.

IGorilla (Gorilla gorilla) - inkawu enkulu kunazo zonke emndenini we-oda we-humanoid of primates (Primates).

Ukukhula kwabesilisa abadala kufinyelela ku-175 cm nangaphezulu, ubude besandla bufika ku-260 cm, ukuqina kwesifuba kufinyelela ku-152 cm, kunesisindo esingu-135-180 kg (ekudingisweni kuze kufike kuma-300 kg).

Izinsikazi zincane kakhulu (zinesisindo esingu-75-110 kg, ekudingisweni kuze kufike ku-126).

Izinwele zimnyama, emqheleni wekhanda zinombala obomvana ,mpunga ngemuva kanye nobudala. Ikhanda likhulu, amashiya avele aqine kakhulu, umzimba mkhulu, izitho ezingenhla zinde kunalezo eziphansi.

Ukufana ekwakhekeni komzimba kubantu kuchazwe ngokwendlela yokuphila kwasemhlabeni. Umthamo webhokisi lobuchopho ngu-500-600 cubic metres. cm (kufika ku-752 cubic cm), ubuchopho busondelene nobuchopho bomuntu. Ama-Chromosomes - 48 (kubantu 46).

Ama-gorilla ajwayelekile e-Equatorial Africa. Izinkomba ezi-3: i-gorilla yasentshonalanga ephansi namakhulu amakhulu asempumalanga - izintaba nezintaba. Zihlala emahlathini ashisayo noma asezintabeni.

Bahlala emihlambini emincane (abantu abangama-5-30 umuntu ngamunye), eholwa ngabesilisa abanamandla. Emhlabathini zihamba ngezinyawo ezine. Kwesinye isikhathi bagibela izihlahla. Ukudla okuyimifino - izithelo, amajikijolo, amantongomane.

Ebusuku, yakha izidleke emhlabathini noma ezihlahleni. Ukukhulelwa kusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-250 kuya kwezingama-290: usana olusanda kuzalwa lunesisindo esingama-2 kg. Isikhathi sokuphila endle yiminyaka engama-25-30. Ngenxa yokuzingela, aqothulwa kakhulu futhi avikelekile. Ukubekelwa phansi akubekezeleleki kahle, akuvamile ukukhiqizwa kabusha.

E-Uganda, iqembu labacwaningi baseFrance nabase-Uganda bathola izinsalela zenkawu enkulu eyandulela leyo. Izingcezu ezitholakele, kufaka phakathi inani lamazinyo nocezu lwesikhumba, zivumela ukuthi siphethe ngokuqiniseka ukuthi inkawu ingeyolunye uhlobo olungaziwa.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsalela, le monkey kwakufanele ifinyelele usayizi we-gorilla yowesifazane, okungukuthi, yayinkulu kunazo zonke izinkawu zezinsalela ezaziwa ngesayensi. Ngokusho kukachwepheshe ovela eMnyuziyamu Wemvelo waseFrance, ukumbiwa kusikisela ukuthi "Ngalesi sikhathi seMiocene e-Afrika bekunesibalo esikhulu sezinkawu, esethembisa ezinye ukutholakala." Ifosili elatholakala endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi yiNapak laqanjwa ngokuthi i-Ugandapithecus enkulu.

I-gorilla “ehlakaniphile” yadida ama-primatologists

I-gorilla yensikazi encane, eneminyaka emibili nengxenye ubudala, ibizohlala ingabonakali ngokuphelele kwenye yezindawo ezincane ezisempumalanga yeDemocratic Republic of the Congo (eyake yaziwa ngokuthi yiZaire), uma kungenzeka ngengozi izisebenzi zasepaki zingamtholi emisebenzini ethokozisayo: inkawu egwaze amantongomane abekwe kwenye itshe ngetshe i-oli yesundu ukujabulisa inyama.

Ososayensi abatadisha ngokuziphatha kwama-gorilla, lokhu sekuwumuzwa womhlaba jikelele. Iqiniso ngukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwendlela ye- “hammer and anvil” kubhekwa njengenye yezindlela ezinzima kakhulu zobuchwepheshe zokuthola ukudla ngezinkawu ze-anthropoid, naphakathi kwama-gorilla, lokhu kuziphatha akukaze kubhalwe phansi ngaphambili.

I- "dossier" ye-gorilla enamahloni okusheshayo yafundwa masinyane, eyayibizwa ngegama elithi Itebero (igama lendawo lapho yatholakala khona okokuqala, ngoba yathathwa kubazingeli).

Kwatholakala ukuthi inkawu ibingaqeqeshiwe kunoma yimaphi amaqhinga. Kepha kuze kube manje ku-primatology bekukholelwa ukuthi ama-chimpanzee kuphela - ama-anthropoid - kuwo wonke umndeni wama-pongids - ama-anthropoid apes - okwazi ukuyisebenzisa kahle le ndlela.

Futhi ngenxa yalokhu abadingi ngisho nezinyanga, kepha iminyaka yezikhathi zokukopisha izenzo zabantu ngokuxhumana njalo nomqeqeshi.

Itebero, emahlathini ashisayo ase-East Congo, akekho umuntu ofundise lokhu.

Lokhu kulandela, kusho udokotela wokuqala we-primatologist eMax Planck Institute eLeipzig, eGottfried Homann, ukuthi ama-gorilla ahlakaniphile kunokucabanga kwangaphambilini.

Imibiko ye-gorilla “ehlakaniphile” iphendule impendulo kososayensi abafunda lezi zilwane ezweni elingumakhelwane, iRepublic of Congo.

Isazi saseMelika uThomas Breyer, obegade eNuabale Ndoki National Park isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi, uthe ngalesi sikhathi sonke lesi sikhathi wayebuke kuphela izindlela “izigceme” zakhe ezisetshenziswe ngazo ukuxazulula izinkinga ezivelayo.

Lakanye i-gorilla yasebenzisa ilog njengebhuloho elintantayo ukuwela umfula. Ngesinye isikhathi, ngisebenzisa induku, ngazama ukuthola ukujula echibini.

Ama-gorilla ahlala e-Afrika emahlathini asehlathini. Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu, abantu abadala bahola indlela yokuphila esekwe ezweni, bagibela izihlahla ukuthola izithelo, amaqabunga noma ukulala.

Owesilisa unesisindo kusuka ku-140 kuya ku-250 kg, insikazi inesigamu esiningi. Ukukhula kusuka ku-160 cm kuya ku-180 cm, kukhona abantu futhi abade, kufinyelela kumamitha amabili.

Banomzimba onamandla, ikhanda elikhulu. Izibambo zangaphambili zinde kunezimbambo zangemuva. Amehlo ayaqedwa, ikhala libanzi futhi liyacaba, ngamakhala amakhulu. Izindlebe zincane futhi zicindezelwe ekhanda.

Umzimba umbozwe izinwele ezinde ezimnyama. Imvamisa ahamba ngawo omane, ancike emilenzeni egobile, kepha angakwazi ukuma emilenzeni yawo yangasemva ahambe phezu kwawo ngaphandle kobunzima obukhulu.

Isitha sabo esikhulu umuntu. Sizibulala ngonya izilwane zasendle, sigawula amahlathi, ngaleyo ndlela sinciphise indawo yokuhlala yezilwane. Ubuningi bezinhlobo buncane futhi badinga ukuvikelwa.

Bahlala emindenini emincane yabantu aba-5 kuye kwabangu-25: umholi, owesilisa amabili nowesifazane abesilisa abanamawundlu. Umholi unesibambo sesiliva emhlane wakhe, okukhombisa ukuvuthwa kowesilisa. Izimpi nokulwa emndenini wazo kuyaqabukela. Ngokuyisisekelo, konke kuthulile futhi kuzolile, umholi udinga nje ukubhekisisa kakhulu "kwabenzi bokubi", futhi ukuxabana kuxazululwe.

Izilwane zivuka ekuseni, zelule futhi ziluleke, bese ziya komholi lapho zifuna ukudla. Badla izitshalo zokudla, udinga ukudla okumnandi kakhulu, njengoba uchithe amahora amaningi kule ndaba ebalulekile.

Badla amaqabunga, amakhambi, izinkuni ezingama-juicy, kanye nezithelo namantongomane. Kube sekufika isikhathi sokuphumula, ungalala, noma ulale phansi, bhaxana.

Izingane zihlela imidlalo, kwesinye isikhathi, igrimace, omama bahlole uboya babo, uma kunesidingo, bakhotha kancane abancane.

Uma umndeni ungadli ngokwanele, ungadla ngaphambi kokulala. Ngemuva kwalokho umholi, ngokwesibonelo sakhe, unxusa iqembu ukuthi lilungiselele ukulala kobusuku. Wakha isidleke emhlabathini ngaphandle kwamagatsha notshani, izintokazi ezinamawundlu zichitha ubusuku bonke emagatsheni ezihlahla ngokubheda okuhle.

Umholi unesibopho esikhulu ezihlotsheni zakhe. Uyabavikela, afune indawo yokudla nendawo yangaphambi kobusuku, aqaphe ukulandelana okungaphakathi eqenjini.

Lapho uhlangana nomunye umndeni wama-gorilla, noma abantu, owesilisa uyamamatheka futhi akhuhle, azikhombe esifubeni ngamanqindi, kubukeka sengathi kuyabheda kakhulu.

Ube eshesha njengomuntu uyahlanya, afune konke okusendleleni yayo. Kepha akuvami ukuthi kube nokulwa okungathi sína, njengomthetho, sonke isifungo sikhawulelwe ukulunywa ngumholi.

Owesifazane uletha inzalo kanye emva kweminyaka emine. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-8.5. Kuzalwa eyodwa, kuvame ukuba ngamawundlu amabili. Isisindo sengane esanda kuzalwa cishe singamakhilogremu amabili, bese ehlala nonina kuze kuzalwe umntwana omusha.