Ihlengethwa elinekhanda elimhlophe - I-Lagenorhynchus albirostris bheka futhi i-6.1.3. Ama-dolphin ama-dolphin akhokhelwa iDemo uLagenorhynchus dolphin omhlophe ophethe i-Lagenorhynchus albirostris (Ithebula 25) Ubude bango-2,5 m. Phezulu, izinhlangothi namapheya kumnyama, umlomo kanye nesisu kumhlophe. Dolphin ezivame kakhulu eBaltic ... ... Izilwane zaseRussia. Isiqondisi
NINI DOLPHIN - ((Lagenorhynchus albirostris) uhlobo lwesilwane sasolwandle sohlobo lwamahlengethwa angenamikhono amafushane (bheka ama-SHORT-BEAD DOLPHINS), ubude bomzimba bufika kumamitha ayi-3. Umhlane wakhe, izinhlangothi namaphethelo kumnyama, kucishe kube mnyama, umlomo wakhe nesisu simhlophe. Umbala omnyama ezinhlangothini wehlela ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary
ihlengethwa elinekhanda elimhlophe - baltasnukis delfinas statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: kuningi. I-Lagenorhynchus albirostris angl. i-dolphin emhlophe eboshwe Langfinnendelphin, Weißschnauzendelphin, weißschnauziger Springer ... Žinduolių pavadinimų žodynas
I-Dolphin squirrel - Delphinus delphis bheka futhi 6.1.1. Ama-dolphin ama-genus Ordinary Delphinus Dolphin white-barrel Delphinus delphis (Ithebula 25) Ubude 1.5,5 m. Ihlengethwa elinombala onobunqunu be-convex kanye nomlomo omude, omude, omude. I-Dorsal fin ... ... Izilwane zaseRussia. Isiqondisi
I-Atlantic emaceleni amhlophe qhwa -? I-Atlantic White-emaceleni iDolphin Isayensi ... i-Wikipedia
Dolphin Pacific - I-Lagenorhynchus obuquidens bheka futhi i-6.1.3. Ama-dolphin ama-dolphin akhokhiswa ngamafuphi i-Lagenorhynchus Pacific dolphin Lagenorhynchus obuquidens (ngaphandle kweBering), iSakhalin neSouth Kamchatka banezinhlobo zezilwane ezivamile, yize ubuningi bazo babuphawuleka kuma-80s ... ... Izilwane zaseRussia. Isiqondisi
I-Atlantic dolphin - I-Lagenorhynchus acutus bheka futhi i-6.1.3. Ama-dolphin ama-dolphin akhokhiswa ngamafushane i-Lagenorhynchus Atlantic dolphin Lagenorhynchus acutus (Ithebula 25) Ubude be-2.3 2.7 m. Iziqongqo, amaphiko nomugqa kusuka esweni kuye kufeni le-pectoral kumnyama, phansi kumhlophe. Ohlangothini lwe ... ... Izilwane zaseRussia. Isiqondisi
I-cetacean dolphin yasenyakatho - I-Lissodelphis borealis bheka ne-6.1.5. IGenus Whale-like dolphins iLissodelphis Northern cetacean dolphin Lissodelphis borealis (ubude 1,8 2.9 m) ngomzimba omncane omude kakhulu, uqhwaku olubukhali lungena kahle ebunzini eliphansi. Dorsal ... ... Izilwane zaseRussia. Isiqondisi
dolphin emhlophe - baltasnukis delfinas statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: kuningi. I-Lagenorhynchus albirostris angl. i-dolphin emhlophe eboshwe Langfinnendelphin, Weißschnauzendelphin, weißschnauziger Springer ... Žinduolių pavadinimų žodynas
ihlengethwa elinekhanda elimhlophe - baltasnukis delfinas statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: kuningi. I-Lagenorhynchus albirostris angl. i-dolphin emhlophe eboshwe Langfinnendelphin, Weißschnauzendelphin, weißschnauziger Springer ... Žinduolių pavadinimų žodynas
Incazelo
Ihlengethwa elikhulu impela elingamamitha amathathu ubude futhi linesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-354. Umzimba ophezulu ngemuva kwe-dorsal fin nezinhlangothi zinombala onsundu, uhlangothi olungaphansi lomzimba lumhlophe. Futhi uhlangothi olungaphezulu lomzimba olungaphambi kwendawo evuthiwe luyimpunga emnyama. I-flipper kanye ne-dorsal fin ngombala omnyama ngombala. Uqhwaku luvame ukumhlophe, kepha kwesinye isikhathi luba umlotha.
Ihlengethwa elibheke ezimhlophe linamazinyo angama-25 kuye kwangama-28 emhlathini ngamunye. Zine-vertebrae efinyelela ku-92, ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlobo ezivela emndenini wehlengethwa (Delphinidae).
Amahlengethwa anekhanda elimhlophe angabhukuda ngejubane elingafika ku-30 km / h futhi angakwazi ukuntywila ekujuleni okungamamitha angama-45.
Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo
Isithombe: UDolphin obhekene nebala elimhlophe
Umzimba wesilwane umkhulu kakhulu, emuva kumnyama noma kumpunga, kuqhathaniswa nezinhlangothi ezikhanyayo. Kunomsila omfishane weqhwa noma omhlophe okhanyayo. I-larynx kanye nesisu sedolphin kumhlophe, i-dorsal fin isephezulu, futhi iphuma kahle ngaphezu kobuso bamanzi. Ngemuva kwe-dorsal fin kukhona indawo enhle ekhanyayo.
Ukuziphatha kwesilwane okujwayelekile kungachazwa njengokusebenzayo:
- ukunyakaza kuyashesha futhi kunamandla, amahlengethwa agxuma ephakeme futhi ephuma emanzini, ehlekisa abanye ngokuziphatha kwabo,
- izilwane zithanda ukuhamba nemikhumbi edlulayo, ihudula igagasi lamakhala phambi kwabagibeli nabasebenzi,
- zivame ukuhlangana emihlambini futhi zithwelwe ngamaqembu afinyelela kwabangu-28 noma ngaphezulu, ngezikhathi ezithile zakha imihlambi emikhulu yabantu abangama-200 noma ngaphezulu.
Ngokudoba, amahlengethwa angahlelwa emihlanjini exubile ne-subspecies efanayo. Kungaba yingxube yamahlengethwa ase-Atlantic namhlophe qhwa. Kwesinye isikhathi izilwane zingahambisana nemikhomo emikhulu, ihlanganyele nazo inyamazane futhi izisebenzise njengezivikelo zamathole azo.
Ukubukeka nezimpawu
Isithombe: dolphin enamakhanda amhlophe aqhamuka encwadini ebomvu
Ubude behlengethwa elijwayelekile lisukela ku-1.5 kuye ku-9-10 m. Isilwane esincane kunazo zonke emhlabeni yizinhlobo zaseMaui, ezihlala eduze naseNew Zealand. Ubude bale ntokazi encane ayidluli kumamitha ayi-1,6. Isakhamuzi esikhulu kunazo zonke ekujuleni kolwandle iyihlengethwa elinobuso obumhlophe, ubude bawo bungaphezu kwamamitha amathathu.
Ummeleli omkhulu walesi sigaba i-whale ebulalayo. Ubude balamadoda bufinyelela kumamitha ayi-10. Iziduna zivame ukuba zinde kuno-10-20 cm ubude kunabesifazane. Izilwane zinesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-150 kuye kwangama-300; umkhomo obulala ungaba nesisindo esingaphansi kwethani.
Isifunda esingenhla somzimba ngenxa yenhlawulo yobumbano kanye nezinhlangothi eziyindilinga zine-hue emhlophe grey, isisu sesilwane sinombala omhlophe ogqamile. Futhi ngaphezulu emuva, ngaphambili kwephini le-dorsal, dolphin inombala onsomi omnyama. Ama-dorsal fin kanye namapheshana nawo anombala omnyama okhanyayo. Uqhwaku lwehlengethwa elibukeka mhlophe ngokwesiko limhlophe ngokwesiko, kodwa kwesinye isikhathi liyi-ash grey.
Indlela yokuphila
Indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha kwamahlengethwa abhekene namhlophe kuyathakazelisa impela. Ungakhuluma ngalokhu isikhathi eside, kepha amaqiniso athakazelisa kakhulu kufanele aqokonyiswe:
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- Amahlengethwa alolu hlobo lokuzalela ayadlala ngokwemvelo - athanda ukwenza amaqhinga ahlukahlukene emanzini, ukuxhumana nabantu nabantu futhi ngokuvamile akanandaba nokuzijabulisa okujabulisayo,
- ngaphansi kwamanzi, amahlengethwa abhekene namhlophe nawo athola umsebenzi othokozisayo - avele axoshe ulwelwe, oluvela ohlangothini lubukeka lungaphezu kokuhlekisa,
- Ikhiqiza imisindo ethi, uma iguqulwa ibe yisithombe esibonisa isithombe, iba nesimo sembali. Kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi asikho esinye isilwane esinesici esinjalo,
- Ososayensi bathole ukuthi i-ultrasound ukuthi izilwane ziyikhipha ithinta impilo yabantu. Empeleni, ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwehlengethwa kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha hhayi abantu abadala kuphela, kodwa nezinsana.
Kukhona nephuzu elidabukisayo - kuze kube manje, abacwaningi abakaze banqume ukuthi kungani kwesinye isikhathi ama-dolphin amhlophe obomvu agezwa ogwini, okuholela ekufeni kwabo. Ngendlela, abameleli abampunga balezinhlobo zezilwane banesici esifanayo esingajabulisi.
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Ihlala kuphi dolphin emhlophe ebukeka imhlophe?
IVolphin enamakhanda amhlophe iyisakhamuzi sendawo yasenyakatho. Indawo yokusatshalaliswa kwale nhlobo incane kakhulu, imele ingxenye encane kuphela yeNyakatho Atlantic, ukusuka eLabrador, eSouth Greenland, e-Iceland kuya oLwandle iBaltic. Ngesinye isikhathi, amahlengethwa abhukuda aze ayofika ogwini lwasePortugal naseTurkey. Imvamisa zitholakala ngasogwini lwaseNorway, eGreat Britain naseziqhingini zaseForte. Kuwo wonke uhla lwazo, izilwane zizama ukunamathela emanzini ngokujula okungabi ngaphezu kwama-200 m.
Ividiyo: Ihlengethwa elibhekene nebala elimhlophe
Amahlengethwa ayizihlobo zemikhomo, ngakho-ke angahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi eside. Ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela izilwane zithamela phezulu kwamanzi bese ziphefumula umoya. Ngesikhathi sokulala, izilwane zintanta ngokunembile ukuze zigqugquzelwe ngaphezu kolwandle, ngenkathi zingavuki. IDolphin ithathwa njengesilwane ezincelisayo ezihlakaniphe kakhulu emhlabeni.
Isisindo sobuchopho salesi silwane esiyi-1,7 kg, esingama-300 g. ngaphezulu komuntu, iziqinisekisi kuzo nazo ziyizikhathi ezi-3 ukwedlula kubantu. Leli qiniso lingachaza indlela esetshenziswe kahle yezenhlalo yokuziphatha kwesilwane, amandla ozwela, ukuzimisela ukusiza abantu abangenampilo nabalimele noma umuntu oxwilayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane zisiza ngokwengxenye nangokuzindla. Uma isihlobo esisodwa silimele futhi singabambeki kahle phezu kolwandle, amahlengethwa azomeseka, ukuze isiguli singakwazi ukucwila noma ukuminza. Benza okufanayo nasindisa umuntu, esiza indoda egwinyayo ukuthi ifike ogwini oluphephile. Akunakwenzeka ukuchaza izenzo ezinengqondo ezinjalo ngokunakekela inani labantu. Kuze kube manje, ososayensi abakwazi ukuhumusha indlela enobungane yamahlengethwa abhekene namhlophe, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke kubukeka njengobubele obuqondayo obunosizo nosizo olwanele kulowo ohlukumezekile ezimweni ezinzima.
Habitat
Uma sikhuluma kuphela ngendawo yaseRussia, khona-ke amahlengethwa anamakhanda amhlophe ahlala olwandle iBaltic noma iBarents Sea. Ngokuvamile, indawo engokwemvelo yalezi zilwane iyingxenye esenyakatho ye-Atlantic. Kepha ngokuqondene nokufuduka kwamahlengethwa alolu hlobo, okwamanje akuqondakali kahle.
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Uwedwa, uma sikhuluma ngemvelo engokwemvelo, le mihlobiso enamabele amhlophe ayithandi ukuba njalo. Njengomthetho, babutha imihlambi yabantu abangama-6-8. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi amahlengethwa ahlala ngababili kuphela. Akujwayelekile ukuthi dolphin ihlale nowesifazane oyedwa impilo yakhe yonke.
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Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi akuvamile, kepha kwesinye isikhathi babuthana emhlanjini wamahlengethwa ayi-1000-1500. Njengomthetho, amaqoqo anjalo angatholakala kuphela ezindaweni lapho kunenani elikhulu lokudla. Kepha, kulezo zimo lapho ukudla kuba kuncane kakhulu, bagqekeza baba yimihlambi emincane.
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Kubukeka kanjani
Ihlengethwa elibhekene nebala elimhlophe lihlukaniswa ngumzimba omnyama. Ubude bomzimba wabantu abadala buyahlukahluka ukusuka ku-2.3 kuye ku-3.1 m, kanti isisindo esikhulu singafinyelela kuma-350 kg. Izingane zizalwa zinomzimba omaphakathi no-1.1 m onesisindo esingama-40 kg. Le dolphin ebheke ebusweni obumhlophe ingaqashelwa yi-crescent-shape dorsal fin kanye nemichilo emhlophe ebanzi engafaniyo egijima ohlangothini ngalunye lomzimba. Amagama esiNgisi (amhlophe qwa) kanye nesiLatini (albirostris) alezi zinhlobo ahunyushwa ngokwezwi nezwi ngokuthi “amakhanda amhlophe”, kodwa uqhwaku lawa mahlengethwa awahlali neze apendwe mhlophe.
Uhlobo lwemivimbo emhlophe namabala kuhluka kakhulu, lesi sici sisiza ososayensi, abasebenzi bama dolphinariums kanye neziteshi zesayensi ukuhlukanisa umuntu ngamunye. Umbala wamaphiko uhluka futhi ukusuka kokumnyama kuya kokumpunga kwe-pearl.
Badlani
Ngokuqondene nokudla, lezi zinhlobo zamahlengethwa zithanda ukubona ama-crustaceans, ama-mollusks nezinhlanzi kumenyu yazo. Izintandokazi zezinto ezinhle ziyi-cod, i-herring, i-saffron cod, i-capelin ne-merlang. Naphezu kwesimo sobungane nokudlala, lapho isengozini, dolphin ingazivikela - kulokhu, imvelo yayo ivuzwa ngamazinyo aqinile.
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Ebantwini, lolu hlobo lwesilwane alunangozi nhlobo. Kwakunezikhathi lapho dolphin ebheke emhlophe ilimaze umuntu, kepha lokhu kwenzeka ngengozi - ngamabomu, akulimazi.
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Mhlawumbe amahlengethwa anobuso obumhlophe, nokho, aluhlobo olu-grey, esinye sezilwane ezihlakaniphe kakhulu futhi ezinomusa ezijabule ukuxhumana nabantu. Baboleka ngokuphelele ekufundeni, badlale nezingane ngentokozo futhi ngezindlela eziningi baziphathe njengomuntu. Thatha okungenani indlela yokuphila - Izinyunyana zomndeni kulezi zilwane azijwayelekile. Kungakho into edabukisa kakhulu ukuthi lezinhlobo zezilwane zasolwandle ziyanyamalala, yize zibhalwe eNcwadini ebomvu, zivikelwe ngokucophelela. Kunzima ukuthi ubabone kumahlengethwa, ngoba ngenxa yenani labo elincane, akuvamile ukuba bagcinwe ekudingisweni.
Ngabe udlahlelani ubuso obumhlophe?
Isithombe: I-Red Book White-Dolphin
Ekudleni kwale dolphin ebheke emhlophe, kukhona yonke imikhiqizo yezinhlanzi ecebile emanzini olwandle. Abazideleli izimbotshana noma i-squid, bathanda ukudla izinhlanzi ezinkulu noma ezincane, bangazingela ngisho nezinyoni ezincane. Ngesikhathi sokudoba, amahlengethwa angasebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene, kubandakanya eziqoqiwe.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, izilwane ezihlakaniphile zenza okulandelayo:
- thumela ama-scouts lapho ufuna isikole sezinhlanzi,
- zungeza isikole senhlanzi kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, bese unika ukudla,
- baqhuba inhlanzi emanzini angajulile, bese bebamba badle lapho.
Kungeniswe kwiNcwadi Ebomvu
Ngaphandle kokuthi ihlengethwa elibhekene nabamhlophe alikaze lithengiswe ngezinga elikhulu, kwamanye amazwe anjengeNorway, iziqithi zeFaroe, iGreenland, i-Iceland neLabrador, la mahlengethwa abanjwa ngokuhlelekile ukuze asetshenziswe embonini yokudla. Ngokuvamile, inani lomhlaba wonke walezi zinhlobo lisesimweni esitebekile. Ingqikithi yezilwane ilinganiselwa kubantu abayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu, futhi okwamanje akukho mkhuba wokuncipha. Njengamanye ama-cetaceans, amahlengethwa abhekene namhlophe angaphansi komiswa, izimbangela zawo ezingazange zisungulwe ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amacala okufa kwezilwane emanetheni okudoba aphawulwa. Enye yezinto ezisongela kakhulu kule nhlobo ukungcola kwamanzi ngezinto ze-organochlorine nezinsimbi ezisindayo.
Kuyathakazelisa
Amahlengethwa angenye yezidalwa ezikhuleke kakhulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye esiyimfihlakalo emhlabeni. Lezi zilwane azisizi nje kuphela izihlobo zazo ezinkingeni, kepha zivame kakhulu ukusiza abantu. Bacindezela amahlengethwa abuthaka emihlambini yabo aya emanzini ukuze baphefumule, bazame ukusiza izilwane ezivaleleke ngamanetha okudoba, zisindise izimpilo zabantu abaphuke umkhumbi nabadonsela phansi emanzini. Ososayensi baseMelika abavela eSt Andrews University yaseFlorida bathole ukuthi amahlengethwa awahlukanisi hhayi kuphela ngezwi kodwa nangegama. Ekuzalweni kwengane, umama wenza ikhwela eyodwa, esebenza njengegama lakhe. Kamuva, ikhwela elinjalo lihleliwe, namanye amalungu ephakethe angawudlala. Kuze kube manje, le mininingwane iye yaqinisekiswa ngokwesayensi kumahlengethwa asebhodleleni.
Ukuhlukaniswa
Umbuso: Izilwane (Animalia).
Uhlobo: AmaChordates (Chordata).
Ibanga: AmaMammals (amaMammalia).
Isigcawu: AmaCetaceans (Cetacea).
Umndeni: UDolphin (Delphinidae).
Ubulili: Amahlengethwa anamakhanda amafushane (iLagenorhynchus).
Buka: I-dolphin enamakhanda amhlophe (iLagenorhynchus albirostris).
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: UDolphin obhekene nebala elimhlophe
Amalungu amaningi omndeni wamahlengethwa, njengamahlengethwa webhodlela, izinhlobo ezinobuso obumhlophe, ubuso obumhlophe, zivame ukuhlala kwalasha olwandle olunosawoti. Kepha kunezinhlobo ezizizwa zimnandi emanzini amasha, ezihlala emachibini amakhulu nasemifuleni. Amahlengethwa omfula onamakhanda amhlophe atholakala e-Amazon nase-Orinoco - imifula emikhulu yaseMelika, futhi kuye kwabonakala nasezindaweni ezinamanzi e-Asia.
Ngenxa yokungcoliswa okwandayo kwendawo yokuhlala yemvelo, inani labantu bezinhlobo zamahlengethwa emifuleni liqala ukuncipha. Ngakho-ke, zibhalwe eNcwadini ebomvu futhi zivikelwe ngumthetho.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Photo: Amahlengethwa obhekene nebala elimhlophe
Ososayensi bafakazele ukuthi zonke izinhlobo zamahlengethwa zisebenzisa ulimi lwezandla ukukhulumisana. Kungaba ukugxuma noma ukujika, ukuhamba kwekhanda noma amaphiko, ukugoba okungafani nomsila, njll.
Futhi, izilwane ezihlakaniphile zingakwazi ukuxhumana nomunye zisebenzisa imisindo ekhethekile. Abaphenyi babale imisindo ephakeme eyizinkulungwane eziyishumi nane yemisindo efanayo nezingoma. Kunezinganekwane ngezingoma zodolini olwandle emhlabeni wonke kanye nezinganekwane ziyahlanganiswa.
Izinsizakusebenza zokuzwa iDolphin zingabona imisindo efinyelela ku-200,000 ngomzuzwana, lapho abantu bebona kuphela ama-20,000.
Izilwane zihlukanisa kahle isinali eyodwa yomsindo kwenye, ihlukanise kalula zibe amaza ahlukene. Kusetshenziswa imisipha ehlukahlukene ye-ultrasonic, izilwane zingadlulisela imininingwane ebalulekile komunye nomunye kumabanga amade ngaphansi kwamanzi. Ngokungezelela izingoma, abantu abangakwazi ukushicilela ukugoqa, ukuqhafaza, ukuqamba, ukushaya ikhwela.
AmaDolphins angaxwayisa abazala bawo ngengozi, abike ukusondela kwesikole esikhulu senhlanzi, abesilisa banxusa abesifazane ukuba bashade. Inani elikhulu lemininingwane edingekile nelusizo idluliswa ngabantu komunye nomunye ngokujulile olwandle, besebenzisa amakhono wamanzi aqhubayo we-echo.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemisindo eyenziwe ngamahlengethwa:
- I-Sonar noma i-echo yemisindo eyenziwe,
- I-sonar iyakhala noma imisindo eyenziwa umuntu
- Abaphenyi babale imisindo eyehlukene engaphezu kwayi-180 lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwamagama, amagama, amabinzana, kanye nezilimi ezahlukahlukene.
Abesifazane bafinyelela amazinga abo okuya ocansini eneminyaka engu-5 futhi babe abantu abadala abagcwele, abakwazi ukukhulelwa futhi bazale izingane. Abesilisa bavuthwa isikhashana futhi bathole amandla okufaka umquba kuphela ngeminyaka eyi-10 yempilo yabo. Izilwane zingadala imibhangqwana eshadile, kepha azikwazi ukugcina ukuthembeka emshadweni isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokuvela kwenzalo, imibhangqwana iyahlukana.
Ngokuvamile, ukulethwa kwamahlengethwa kwenzeka ehlobo. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, insikazi izama ukuhlala eduze kwamanzi ukuze icindezele umntwana ngokushesha emoyeni bese ithatha umoya wokuqala. Ingane ihlala izalwa yodwa, inosayizi ofinyelela ku-500 cm. Umama uyondla ngobisi kuze kuphele izinyanga eziyisithupha, ukugada nokuvikela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezitha. Ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila, amahlengethwa awalali nhlobo futhi umama uphoqelekile ukuba abuke ukusebenza kwawo ubusuku nemini, anakekele ukuphepha kwenzalo yakhe.
Izitha zemvelo zamahlengethwa abhekene namhlophe
Isithombe: dolphin enamakhanda amhlophe aqhamuka encwadini ebomvu
Imithombo esemqoka yokusongela amahlengethwa anekhanda elimhlophe ngabantu, izindlela zabo zokuphila nezindlela zokubanjwa. Ama-dolphin alimala kakhulu ngokukhishwa kwezimboni kokungcola kwamakhemikhali okuvame ukulahlwa ngamasosha anganaki ngqo olwandle.
Izitha zemvelo zesilwane esinokuthula, esikhulu nesisebenzayo cishe azikho. Ezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ziyafa lapho zibanjwa ngamanetha okudoba nezinhlanzi. Oshaka bangahlasela amawundlu amahlengethwa, bezama ukushaya ingane kunina futhi bajabulele inyama ebolile. Kepha imizamo enjalo akuvamile ukuba ibe nomqhele ngempumelelo, ngoba ihlengethwa linganikeza isiphikiso esifanele kunoma yisiphi isitha, futhi izihlobo ngeke zihlale zingenandaba futhi zizosiza emzabalazweni ongalingani.
Ngaphandle kokuthi ama-dolphin awekho ngaphansi kokudoba futhi awabanjwa ngezinga elikhulu, kwamanye amazwe ukuthathwa kwalezi zilwane ukuze zisetshenziswe embonini yokudla nasekusebenziseni ukuthengisa kuvunyelwe.
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Photo: Ihlengethwa elibhekene nebala elimhlophe olwandle
Isibalo esiqondile sabantu base dolphin ababheke emhlophe abahlala olwandle nasemanzini olwandle asaziwa. Cishe inani labantu ngabantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-200-300. Ihlengethwa elibukeka elimhlophe lihlala kakhulu kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:
- eNyakatho Atlantic,
- olwandle olusondele lweDavis Strait neCape Cod,
- olwandle lwaseBarents naseBaltic,
- eningizimu yamanzi asogwini ePortugal,
- etholakala eTurkey nasemanzini asogwini eCrimea.
Abamele abantu abadala bezilwane ezinobuso obumhlophe basesimweni esitebeleni esifanele. Ihlengethwa elibhekene nebala elimhlophe libhalwe ku-Red Book njengemvelo engandile futhi engafundile kangako edinga ukuvikeleka futhi ivikelwe.
Ukuvikelwa kwamaDolphins amhlophe
Photo: Ihlengethwa elibhekene nebala elimhlophe eRussia
Muva nje, ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule, amahlengethwa ayezingelwe ngentshiseko. Baqothulwa kuyo yonke indawo yokuhlala. Lokhu kwaholela ekubhujisweni okuyingxenye kwezinhlobo eziningana zalezi zilwane ezihlukile. Namuhla, ukuthumba akukona okwenzelwe izimboni noma ukudla, kepha kuthunjiwe.
Izilwane ezibonisa ubuciko obuhle ziyakwazi ukuhlela konke okwenziwayo, zihlekisa izingane zazo kanye nabantu abadala ngokuziphatha kwabo okunokuthula nokuthokozela. Kepha ekuthunjweni, amahlengethwa awakwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside, iminyaka engama-5-7, yize ngokwemvelo aphila iminyaka engama-30.
Izici eziningana ezibalulekile zithonya ukwehla esikhathini sokuphila sehlengethwa:
- umsebenzi ophansi wezilwane
- isikhala samachibi esilinganiselwe,
- ukudla okungalinganiseli.
Ukuxhumana nezilwane ezinokuthula nezithokozisayo njengamahlengethwa kungahle kungathandeki nje kuphela, kodwa futhi kube lusizo.
Namuhla, kwenziwa izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene nezinempumelelo zokwelapha i-autism yezingane, i-cerebral palsy nezinye izifo zengqondo ngokuxhumana namahlengethwa. Ngenqubo yokuxhumana kwesilwane nengane egulayo, ukuzinza okujwayelekile kanye nokwenza ngcono isimo kwengqondo yengane.
Ngethemba esikhathini esizayo esiseduze ihlengethwa elinekhanda elimhlophe Ngeke ibe yinyama yezilwane ezisengozini yokuphela, izothokozisa izingane nabantu abadala ngemidlalo yayo emnandi nokuziphatha okuhlekisayo.
I-dimorphism yezocansi
Ihlengethwa lowesifazane linophiko olulodwa lwe-urogenital olulodwa olufika ngokufana esiswini. Ibuye ibe nezindlu eziphuma ngaphandle. Ngokusebenzisa izicubu ezixinene ze-fibrous dense phambi kwensikazi, kuvela i-clitoris eyakhiwe kahle, emelelwa ngumzimba we-cavernous nolwelwesi olumhlophe olubomvana. I-genitalia yangaphandle yehlengethwa yabesifazane yi-labia minora ne-labia majora.
Kuyathakazelisa! Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi abesilisa bale dolphin ebheke ebusweni obumhlophe, ngokwesayizi womzimba, njengoba kuyisiko, bakhulu ngokugqamile kunabesifazane.
I-genitalia yamahlengethwa angamaduna abonakala ngokuba khona kwe-perineum, ehlukanisa umkhondo wobuzwe nokuphuma kocansi. Amahlengethwa awanayo i-scrotum, kanti isisu sesisu sisebenza njengendawo yezindawo zokuhlolwa. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa komzimba ezingeni lama-37 ° C, i-spermatogeneis iqhubeka ngemodi ejwayelekile, futhi izinga lokushisa elibucayi kule nqubo lingama-38 ° C.
Habitat, indawo yokuhlala
Isilwane sasolwandle esifuywayo sihlala eNyakatho Atlantic sisuka ogwini lwaseFrance siye olwandle iBarents. Futhi, indawo yemvelo yokumela lezinhlobo zamahlengethwa kusuka kuma-Cetaceans ama-oda kanye nohlengethwa onesihloko esifushane kumkhawulo eLabrador kanye namanzi eDavis Strait, kuya eMassachusetts.
Ngokusho kochwepheshe, le ndawo ehlala abantu basemanzini yande kakhulu emanzini oLwandle lwaseNorway naseNyakatho yolwandle, ehlala ezindaweni ezisogwini lweGreat Britain neNorway. Imihlambi emikhulu yama-dolphin ebheke ebusweni abamhlophe yaqoshwa eVaranger Fjord. Isibalo esikule ndawo sifinyelela izinkulungwane ezimbalwa zezinhloso emhlambini ngamunye.
Ebusika, isitoko samahlengethwa anobuso obumhlophe akhetha ukufudukela ezindaweni eziseningizimu yebanga, lapho kuphawulwa khona izimo zezulu ezifudumele nezikhululekile. E-Russia, isilwane esinjengalesi sitholakala yonke indawo ngasogwini lonke lwaseMurmansk kanye naseduze neFishing Peninsula. Amacala aziwa kakhulu ngokuba khona kwamahlengethwa abhekene nebala elimhlophe e-Ghuba yaseFinland naseRiga, kepha indawo enjalo yezilwane ezincelisayo zasemanzini kungenzeka ukuthi iyingqayizivele. Inqwaba yabantu itholakala ogwini lolwandle lwaseSweden eBaltic.
Emanzini eDavis Strait, kuvela amahlengethwa amabala amhlophe entwasahlobo kanye nama-porpoises, ngemuva kokuthi i-narwhal ne-beluga whale, okuyisongo sangempela kwizilwane ezincelisayo ezingavamile, ushiye le ndawo. Kodwa-ke, ngoNovemba, izakhamizi zasemanzini zizama ukuthutha ngokushesha okukhulu ngangaseningizimu, lapho isimo sezulu sihlala sihle ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukudla kobuso obumhlophe obumhlophe
Amahlengethwa angenamakhanda amhlophe ahlukaniswa njengezidlamlilo zasemanzini. Abamele abanjalo bezinhlobo zamahlengethwa ezivela kuma-oda amaCetaceans namahlengethwa angenamakhanda amafushane adla kakhulu izinhlanzi, kanye nama-crustaceans kanye nama-mollusks.
Ukudla okunjalo kwabakhileyo emanzini kuzitholela okwabo, ngakho-ke ukudla kwesilwane kuhluke kakhulu.
Inyamazane idla i-cod, herring, capelin kanye nezinye izinhlanzi. Amahlengethwa awabi yingozi nakancane kubantu. Noma kunjalo, kunezimo eziningi ezaziwayo lapho abahlali basemanzini belethela abantu ukuphazamiseka. Izilwane ezinhle kakhulu ezinemvelo enhle futhi enhle kakhulu zithanda ukudlala nokudlala. Imidlalo engaphansi kwamanzi, amahlengethwa ajaha i-algae enkulu.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngemuva kokudla, amahlengethwa anombala omhlophe ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amancane amancane, ahamba ngokushesha ngokwanele ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene.
Esikhathini sabo samahhala kusuka ekufuneni ukudla nasekuphumuleni, ama-cetaceans asebekhulile ancamela ukukhohlisa futhi asheshise aze afike ku-35-40 km ngehora, futhi enze nokuxhuma okumangazayo phezu kwamanzi. Isayensi efakazelwe ngomphumela onenzuzo we-Ultra oshicilelwe ngamahlengethwa esintwini. Ngenxa yokudlala, ilukuluku kanye nemvelo enhle, izilwane ezincelisayo ezinjalo zisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo kumahlengethwa namapaki amanzi.
Ukuzalela inzalo
Isikhathi sokubandakanyeka okusebenzayo kanye nokuvela kwenzalo kuzalwa kuphela ezinyangeni zasehlobo ezifudumele. Iminyaka ejwayelekile yokutholwa kwensikazi ebhekene namhlophe imhlophe cishe izinyanga eziyishumi nanye.
Isikhathi esithile ngemuva kokuzalwa, izintokazi zizama ukuhlala ngokwehlukana namanye amalungu omndeni nazo. Kuthatha iminyaka eyisikhombisa kuya kweyishumi nambili ukuthi la mahlengethwa akhule, aqine futhi afinyelele ekuthangeni. Kuyo yonke le nkathi, insikazi ifundisa inzalo yayo amakhono ayisisekelo, okubandakanya nokuthola ukudla nokunakekela impilo yayo ezimeni ezingezinhle.
Izilwane ezimangalisayo nezinhle kakhulu ezihlala emanzini, zinobubanzi bezwi obucebile nobukhethekile, ziyakwazi ukukhipha amakhwela kanye nokukhala kakhulu, ukuchofoza okuhlukahlukene, kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zemisindo. Shono wonke amahlengethwa, kubandakanya nabamhlophe, adume ngezinga labo lentuthuko. Imvamisa izilwane ezinjalo azizami ukusiza abantu bazo kuphela, kepha nabantu abasenkingeni, abaphukelwa umkhumbi noma abanyamalala.