Ukubukeka nokuziphatha. Okuncane kunama-goves ethu, ngaphandle kufana nalawo amhlophe qwa. Ubude bomzimba obungu-61.5 cm (abesilisa) no-59.5-61.5 cm (izinsikazi), amaphiko angama-134 cm (abesilisa) no-120-125 cm (abesifazane), isisindo esingu-1,2,5,5 kg.

Incazelo. Umbala weplamu, uqhwaku, imilenze uyefana ne-goose enezinwele ezimhlophe, okuvela kuwo, ngaphezu kosayizi, kuyahlukahluka ngokulinganayo: intamo emfishane futhi emnyama, ikhanda elincane elinemilomo emincane emincane kakhulu, ubude bawo bungaphansi kwengxenye yobude bekhanda. Umugqa wasebunzini uqine kakhulu ukwedlula ihansi elinombala omhlophe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-piscule iyizinhlobo ende kunazo zonke ezinamaphiko futhi ezinamaphiko amancanyana, iziphetho zamaphiko alo asongelwe, ngokungafani ne-goose emhlophe engaphambili, iphumela ngaphandle komngcele womsila. Ekugcineni, ibala elimhlophe ebunzini le-piscula linabile ngokwengeziwe futhi lingena ngeciko elincane emqheleni woxhaxha wamehlo, futhi lide kude, izindandatho eziphuzi eziphuzi eduze kwamehlo zibonakala kahle.

Le nyoni endizayo idonsela ukunaka ukukhanya kunaleya ye-white-fronted feather, izimpiko eziphakeme ezingaphezulu nangaphezulu eziphakeme zimbozi, uma kuqhathaniswa nezimpaphe eziphaphazelayo ezimnyama. Ama-pisculi asencane ahlukahluka kumahansi amancane amhlophe anombala omhlophe kuphela ngokulingana nombala woqhwaku lwawo - kunombala opinki, kuphela umunwe (akukho ndawo emnyama ridge).

Vota. Ukukhala okukhulu kakhulu okuzwakalayo, kuzwakala ngathi "thu-yu-yu».

Isimo Sokusabalalisa. Njengamanje, kuyizilwane ezinqabile ezinobubanzi obunciphayo nobubanzi.Indawo eyakha isidleke sayo ngaphambili yayimboze umucu we-tundra eseningizimu kanye ne-tundra yehlathi lase-Esasia ukusuka eScandinavia kuya eChukotka, manje le ndawo ihlukene phakathi. Kutholakala kanye nezinye izinhlobo zama-Arctic goose ngesikhathi sasebusika; izindawo eziphambili zobusika eziseMesopotamia, e-Azerbaijan, esifundeni iBlack Sea naseGrisi.

Indlela yokuphila. Ekufudukeni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla kungatholwa kuhlangene ne-goose emhlophe engaphambili. Njengamanje, kuvame kakhulu esigodini saseMontch futhi ngezikhathi ezithile emzileni oMhlophe-Baltic nasezifundeni eziphakathi neRussia. Izindatshana ezisogwini lomfula olugudle imifula enamatshe aminyene nezihlahla eziseduze nolwandle. Ubunono, imvamisa obuhlanganisa amaqanda ayi-4-6, bufakwa emzimbeni ngowesifazane. Amabhlogo agcinwa emifuleni, esikhathini esiningi emachibini asezintabeni.

Uhlala kuphi

Isidleke sePiskuli esifundeni esisenyakatho sentaba, sigcwala ihlathi-tundra nengxenye eseningizimu ye-tundra ye-Eurasia. Izinhlobo zalethwa eScandinavia. Kodwa-ke, namuhla zisatshalaliswa ngokungalingani, uhla lwazo luyahlukahluka. E-Russia, izinyoni zitholakala esifundeni ukusuka ePeninsula yaseKola kuya kwi-Anadyr Gulf.

IPiskulka iyisakhamuzi esijwayelekile esihlala ezigodini zemifula ezisendaweni enyakatho ye-taiga, ihlathi-i-tundra kanye naseningizimu ye-tundra, lapho kuhlala khona izigodi zombili zemifula emikhulu nemifudlana emincane futhi ihlala ikakhulu emngceleni wezimila zehlathi.

Lezi zinyoni ebusika oLwandle iCaspian, esifundeni saseLwandle Olumnyama, eningizimu yeNtshonalanga Yurophu, e-Asia Minor, emazweni aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, eBalkan, eAzerbaijan nase
China.

Izimpawu zangaphandle

Isisindo samaphaphu sisukela ku-1.5 kuye ku-2,5 kg, lawa angamakhosi amancane. Ubude bonke bufinyelela ku-66 cm, amaphiko - 135 cm.

Umbala oyinhloko wokugqokwa kwalezi zinyoni ngombala onsundu, kepha isisu nokugcotshwa kuhlala kumhlophe qhwa. Isici sangaphandle esibonakala kakhulu se-pisculos yindawo emhlophe ekhanda, efinyelela ezingeni lamehlo. Futhi amehlo abo azungezwe izindandatho zikalamula-aphuzi, afana nezibuko ezigqame ngemuva kwesizinda sempunga enkulu empunga. Imilenze, njengama-goose amaningi, ibomvu korenji. Uqhwaku lupinki futhi lufushane. Izinyoni ezincane ezingafinyeleli ebusheni azinaso isibonakaliso esiyingqayizivele se-squeak - ibala elimhlophe.

Amehlo e-Pisculi ahlanganisa indandatho ephuzi ephuzi

Amachwane amnyama anombala onsundu ngenhla, ibunxa liphuzi ngombala ophuzi, umucu omude omude udlula esweni, ingaphansi lomzimba liphuzi.

Indlela yokuphila

AbakwaPiskulki benza izidleke eziqhingini zamachibi, kuphela ukuchitha izinyanga ezintathu lapha, bese bethatha uhambo olude. Izindiza zithatha cishe isigamu sezimpilo zabo, futhi nebanga eliphelele abalidingida phakathi nonyaka lingaba ngu-8,000 km. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhambo ngalunye lwenzeka ebangeni elingamakhilomitha ayi-1,500. Phakathi kwezindiza ezinjengalezi, iPisculi yenza ukuma okude ukubuyisela amandla futhi iqhubeke nendlela yabo.

AmaPiskuli ajwayele ukundiza emhlambini ongenamandla, kuphela lapho endiza amabanga amade ahlangana nomugqa noma i-angle eqondile. Emhlabathini, le nyoni ayigcini ngokuhamba ngobuhlakani, kodwa futhi ihamba kahle. Ulayini, ongakwazi ukundiza amarhanisi, ubonile indoda ekude, uzama ukungena ogwini futhi acashe kuthotho. Bakwenza ngokushesha okukhulu nangempumelelo ukuthi ukubathola kukhona cishe akunakwenzeka.

Pair of pussies

I-Piskulka, njengamanye amahansi, idla ikakhulukazi izitshalo zokudla - ama-amahara, utshani bekotini, okusanhlamvu, namanye amakhambi, kanye nezithelo nembewu. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ama-piscule athola izindlela zawo zokuphila emhlabeni. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, leli ganyana elincanyana lidla emasimini ebusika, lidla ibhali ne-alfalfa.

Bayazi ukuntywila, nokubhukuda, bebeka amakhanda abo kuphela emanzini.

Ukuzala

Uma isidleke, leli goose lincane lakha amakoloni angajwayelekile futhi lihlala ngokuzithandela ngaphansi kokuvikelwa yizilwane ezinamaphiko ezinamahlwili - izimbungulu kanye namazenga e-peregrine.

Impilo ehleliwe yokudonsela phansi endaweni yaseRussia iqala ngoMeyi - Juni, kusukela esikhathini sokufika kuzindawo zokuzalela. Bahlela izidleke emadwaleni amatshe afihlwe ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Izindawo ezihlala kuzo la goose zihlelwe kahle ngokungxhamazela futhi zimane nje zinezimbobo ezingashoni emhlabathini, zakhiwe ngamahlumela phansi. UClack uvame ukuba namaqanda aphuzi aphuzi angu-4-5. Lapho ubanjwa, umbala uba nsundu ngokungalingani. Owesifazane uhlala esidlekeni aqine kangangokuba, ecasha, amsondeze umuntu, kodwa bese ekhala emoyeni, futhi owesilisa uvame ukumjoyina.

Ukuzindla kuthatha isikhathi esingangenyanga, kuthi emuva kwalokho amantshontsho aqoqane ngemihlambi emikhulu nencibilikisiwe. AmaGoslings awahlukile kakhulu kumazwana wabanye abamele uhlobo. Bahlekisa nje futhi banelukuluku, uphuzi okumpunga, uthambile futhi umdlandla.

Iqiniso elihehayo

Njengamanje, iNorway ikhathazekile ngokubuyiselwa kwenani le-pisculi, futhi yileli lizwe elikweleta okuningi ngoba i-pisculi ifakiwe ohlwini lwezinhlobo ezisongelwa ngokuqothulwa emhlabeni jikelele.

Futhi akumangalisi, ngoba inani lokuzalelwa kwaleli goose ngaphakathi ezweni liyizinyoni ezingama-30 kuphela! Ukulahleka komuntu ngamunye kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu ekubuyiselweni kwesibalo sabantu. Ama-pussies aseNorway angazange ahlanganyele ngokuzalanisa noma amakhehla awo ashonile ngenxa yesizathu esithile athunyelwa eNhlonhlo iTaimyr. Ngemuva kokuncibilika, bashiya iphenathi bese bagijimela eNyakatho Kazakhstan, bahlangana endleleni nezinyoni ezivela kwezinye izifunda. Izinhloso zokugcina zendlela yabo yi-Iran neGrisi, lapho bezohlala khona kuze kube sebusika. Kunzima impela ukuhlukanisa ama-pussels aseNorway kokunye. Endle, lezi zinyoni zisengasindiswa ngokugcina inani labantu esilinganisweni esithile, kepha kudingeka izindlela ezikhethekile zokuvikela.

Izici Zezinyoni neHabitat

Ubude bomzimba wesidoda esidala bufika ku-65-72 cm, kanti amaphiko angaphezulu kwamamitha. Isisindo sezinyoni ezijwayelekile cishe singama-2-2.4 kg. Umbala weplamu we-pisculi ukhumbuza kakhulu amarhanisi ajwayelekile, afuywe ekhaya: izithunzi ezinsundu nezimpunga ezixubene nomunye.

Isici esibonakalayo se-goose ye-squeak umlomo waso omnyama namathafa aphuzi. Ngomthunzi we-plumage, ayikho indlela yokuhlukanisa phakathi kowesifazane nowesilisa. Isibonakaliso sokwehluka kobulili yintamo yalawa ma-goose, acishe abe ngamaphesenti angama-35 kowesifazane kunowesilisa. Ukusuka ngezansi, i-plumage yalezi zinyoni ilula, futhi kune-fluff ethe xaxa engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba. Ngaphandle, i-squeak ikhumbuza kakhulu ihansi ebunjiwe mhlophe. Umehluko kuphela ngosayizi - i-carp emhlophe imvama ukuba yincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona umngcele ophuzi ngokusobala kwamehlo e-pisculka, futhi ebunzini kukhona ibala lesimo elimhlophe ngombala, lize lifinyelele phezulu kwekhanda.

Imvamisa, i-pisculata ihlala endaweni enezintaba noma igcwele izintaba. Izidleke zezinyoni zitholakala ezindaweni eziseduzane nemifudlana, imifula noma amachibi amancanyana. Bazizwa benethezeka elikhulu endaweni eyi-taiga, ehlathini-tundra terrain noma endaweni enezizihlahlana ezinkulu, ezindaweni ezisemajukujukwini nasezindaweni ezikude eduze nasemabhishi.

Ungahlangana ne-pisculka enyakatho ye-Eurasia, lapho ikhawulela khona i-tundra, kanye nase-Anadyr, ezikhungweni zeposi zaseKola naseScandinavia. Lolu hlobo lwezinyoni lubhekwa njengolokufuduka. Ukwenza ubusika kwePiskulku kwenzeka ogwini loLwandle Olumnyama, eduze nolwandle lweCaspian, eGrisi, eChina, eHungary, eAzerbaijan noma eRomania.

Imvamisa, i-piskulka idla izidleke eduze namachibi ahlukahlukene, kepha esidlekeni ngokwaso kudingeka indawo eyomile emagqumeni amancane. Kwesinye isikhathi izidleke zalezi zinyoni zingabonakala kumfucumfucu noma emfucumfucumfucumfucu - lesi isimbotshana esincane esifakwe umhlanga noma umhlanga.

Isibalo

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XIX. I-Pisculi yayingumbono ojwayelekile futhi owande kabanzi wezikhala ezivulekile ukusuka enyakatho yeScandinavia kuya olwandle iBering. Manje isibalo se-pisculi asidluli ngabesilisa abayizinkulungwane ezingama-30.

Izizathu ezinkulu ezaba nomthelela wokwehla okukhulu kwesibalo sezinyoni ezinamazinga aqashelwa njengezingekhovu nokungcoliswa kwemvelo okujwayelekile.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-piscule iyizinhlobo ezivikelwe, ukuzingela okuvinjelwe, kuvame ukuba inyamazane yabazingeli ngenxa yokufana kwayo ne-goose emhlophe ebheke phambili. Imvamisa lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zidideka, kepha nokho kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwazo. Uma uzinaka, ungasindisa impilo yolunye uhlobo lwenyoni. Amahansi anombala omhlophe mncane, isisindo sawo sifinyelela ku-3.2 kg. Ibala elimhlophe ebunzini labo lincane kangangokuba libonakala kuphela eduze kwesisekelo somlomo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehla kwenani le-pisculi kuhlotshaniswa nesimo esingesihle ezindaweni zobusika, lapho baqala khona ukutshala izitshalo zezimboni esikhundleni sokudla nokudla, ngaleyo ndlela kubhekelwa phansi isisekelo sokudla se-goose. Ngenxa yokushintshwa kwesomiso namanzi akhuphuka oLwandle iCaspian, izindawo zobusika ze-pisculata kulesi sifunda ziyanyamalala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eAzerbaijan naseChina bazingela ama-pisculens ebusika.

IPiskulka igadwe eShyninsky Reserve eNhlonhlo YaseKhanin, futhi iphinde ifakwe eMozowe Zoo.

Ukuziphatha kwePisculi nendlela yakhe yokuphila

Leli goose liqaphe kakhulu futhi liyasola, ikakhulukazi ngokuba semhlambini walo. Kepha konke ukuhlakanipha kwenyoni kuyanyamalala ngaleso sikhathi lapho izinsikazi ziqapha inzalo noma zibopha amaqanda. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-squeak ingayivumela ngephutha ukuba isondele kakhulu esidlekeni.

Abamele lolu hlobo lwezinyoni bandiza ngokushesha okukhulu, kepha kubabukeli bangaphandle indiza yabo ngokuvamile ibonakala ihamba kancane. Ehlelweni lokundiza ezindaweni ezifudumele, iPisculi indiza kakhulu.

Indiza yenzeka ngesimo se-V-shape wedge noma umugqa we-wavy onwetshiwe. Emhlabathini, i-pisculka ihamba nge-gait eqinile futhi eqinile. Futhi, lezi zinyoni ziyakwazi ukugijima ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngokushesha.

Imvamisa ungabona i-pussycat, emi komunye wemilenze. I-goose elinjalo umhlambi wezinyoni, kepha lapho zizalela, zisendaweni yazo eyodwa nendawo yokuhlala izidleke.

Ngabe adlani amaphilisi?

Noma yiziphi izinyoni ezihlukaniswa njengama-Anseriformes zingadla izitshalo nemikhiqizo yezilwane. Ukudla okuhlukahlukene okunjalo okubavumela ukuba baphile futhi bakhule ngokugcwele ngangokunokwenzeka.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-piskulka iyazithanda izinqubo zamanzi nokugeza, noma kunjalo ibizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lwenyoni olusekelwe emhlabeni. Ngokuhambisana nalokhu, ukudla kwawo kuqukethe ikakhulukazi lokho okukhula emhlabeni.

Ukudla okujwayelekile kwe-pisculi ingca eluhlaza entwasahlobo, okuyinto kule nkathi ingagcini nje ngokucebile, kepha futhi kucebile ngamakhemikhali amaminerali kanye namavithamini noma yiziphi izilwane ezidinga lapho ubusika sebuphelile.

I-pisculka ayiqinile ngokuthanda ukudla amaqabunga neziqu ezivela ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni ezincane. Uma umhlambi wezinyoni uhlala endaweni lapho amasimu ezamasiko ahlukahlukene akhiwe khona, i-pisculata imvamisa iqala ukuyivakashela, ithande ukudla izitshalo ezitshaliwe.

Phakathi kwamakhambi amaningi, la ma-geese athanda ukolweni, i-oats, i-sedge, i-alfalfa. Ehlobo, ipiskulka ayizinaki izithelo; iyayithanda i-mulberry kanye nehashe ihhashi. Esikhathini esiningi, le nyoni idla ekuseni nakusihlwa, ichitha usuku emanzini.

Incazelo

Ngokubonakala kwayo, iPiskulka ikhumbuza kakhulu i-goose ejwayelekile, incane kuphela, inekhanda elincane, imilenze emifushane nomlomo. Isisindo sowesifazane nowesilisa kuyahlukahluka kakhulu futhi singasukela ku-1,3 kuye ku-2,5 kg. Ubude bomzimba - 53 -6 cm, amaphiko okugquma - 115-140 cm.

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Umbala we-feather umhlophe-grey: ikhanda, umzimba ongaphezulu onsundu -mpunga, emuva emsileni ngimpunga okhanyayo, kukhona amabala amnyama emuntwini ongaphansi. Isici esiyingqayizivele umugqa omkhulu omhlophe onqamula ebunzini benyoni. Amehlo ansundu, azungezwe isikhumba sewolintshi ngaphandle kwesembozo sezinsi. Izinyawo - owolintshi noma ophuzi, uqhwaku lwenziwe ngopende enyameni noma olupinki.

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Kanye ngonyaka, phakathi kwehlobo, iPiskulek iqala ukuncibilika: okokuqala, okufakwayo kuyabuyekezwa, bese kuthi izimpaphe. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinyoni zisengozini enkulu ezitheni, ngoba ijubane lokuhamba kwazo emanzini, kanye namandla okusuka ngokushesha, ancishiswa kakhulu.

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Habitat

IPiskulka ihlala engxenyeni esenyakatho ye-Eurasia, yize engxenyeni yaseYurophu yezwekazi labo inani labo lehlile kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva futhi basongelwa ngokuqothulwa. Izindawo zobusika: ogwini loLwandle Olumnyama nolweCaspian, iHungary, iRomania, iAzerbaijan neChina.

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Izindawo ezincane, ezibuyiselwe ngokungemthetho, izindawo zalezi zinyoni zitholakala eFinland, eNorway, eSweden. Izilwane zasendle ezinkulu kunazo zonke eziseTaimyr naseYakutia. Kuze kube manje, inani lalezi zinhlobo, ngokusho kososayensi, alidluli kubantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-60-75.

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Ngokwesidleke sayo, iPiskulka ikhetha indawo enamadwala, noma eyizintaba ezinamathele, eduze kwamachibi, izikhukhula, amawa, izihlambi. Izidleke zasemgwaqweni ezindaweni eziphakeme: ama-hummocks, izikhukhula, ngenkathi zenza indenti encane kuzo futhi zizifaka ngomgqumo we-moss, fluff kanye nomhlanga.

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Ngaphambi kokudala izithandani, izinyoni zibukelana isikhathi eside, zichitha imidlalo yokuzalelana. Izingubo zesilisa ezilandela insikazi isikhathi eside, zizama ukuheha ukunakwa kwayo ngemidanso nangokubopha okukhulu. Kungemva kokuba ihansi lenze ukukhetha, lapho lo mbhangqwana uqala ukuzalanisa.

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Imvamisa amaPiskuli abeka amaqanda ama-3 kuye kwangama-5 anombala ophuzi ophuzi, abanjwa ngalo ngowesifazane inyanga eyodwa. Ama-Goslings azalwa ezimele ngokuphelele, akhula ngokushesha futhi akhule: ezinyangeni ezintathu - lokhu kukhula okuncane okwakhiwe kahle. Ukuvuthwa ngokobulili kulezinhlobo kwenzeka ngonyaka, isilinganiso sokuphila esijwayelekile siyiminyaka emi-5 kuya kwengama-12.

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Umhlambi ushiya amakhaya awo ekuqaleni kwesimo sezulu esibandayo sokuqala: ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti, ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Zihlala zindiza ngesihluthulelo noma umugqa othambekele, umholi uhola iphakethe - ummeleli wakhe onolwazi futhi oqinile kakhulu.

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Ukudla kwePisculi

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iPiskulka ichitha usuku lonke emanzini, izitholela ukudla emhlabeni. Kabili ngosuku, ekuseni nakusihlwa, umhlambi uphuma emanzini uyofuna amahlumela otshani abasha, amaqabunga, i-clover ne-alfalfa. Ekudleni kwakhe kunokudla okuvela kwimvelo kuphela.

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I-Piskulki ibheka izithelo ezibolile namajikijolo kamalibhele okuyisibiliboco esikhulu. Futhi, zivame ukubonakala eduze kwamasimu anezimbali noma izilimo.

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Izici ezijwayelekile

IPiskulka iyafana ngombala ihansi elinombala omhlophe, kodwa lincane kakhulu ngesiqu.Ibuye ibe nomlomo omfishane. Ama-squeaks amadala anendawo enkulu emhlophe ebunzini, enwebela umqhele ekhanda. Ubude bomzimba bufika ku-53 kuya ku-66 cm, amaphiko asuka ku-120 kuya ku-135 cm. Ubunzima benyoni endala buqala ku-1,6 kuye ku-2,5 kg.

Ukubhebhetheka

Izidleke zePiskulka engxenyeni esenyakatho ye-Eurasia emngceleni ne-tundra, endaweni engasenyakatho ye-taiga kanye nehlathi-tundra. E-Russia, kuvela eNhlonhlo yeKola iye kwi-Anadyr Gulf. Kutholakala futhi eSifundeni SaseScandinavia. Ubusika eduze nolwandle olumnyama kanye nolweCaspian, eHungary, iRomania, iBulgaria, iGrisi, iPhalula laseBalkan, iAzerbaijan neChina.