Kukhona izinyoni eziningi, ezinye zazo zikhetha izindawo ezithile eziyinqaba kusuka endaweni yokubukwa komuntu njengendawo yazo yokuhlala. Isibonelo, ukubhukuda. Kungabonakala sengathi kunesiphepho, umswakama, ingozi kanye nomsi onobuthi. Kodwa-ke, izinyoni zizizwa zikhululekile. Sinikezela ukujwayela izinyoni ezinamaxhaphozi, thola amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana nokubukeka nendlela yokuphila.

Incazelo ejwayelekile

Uhlobo ngalunye lunezindlela ezithile eziguquguqukayo ezisiza ukusinda ezimeni ezinzima. Isibonelo, izinyoni eziningi zemashi zinemilenze emide, ubuhlalu obuthile obubavumela ukuba bathole ukudla (isibonelo, i-bittern ne-snipe - abanikazi bezindebe ezinde ezincanyana). Izinhlobo ezithile, njengamadada, zingamanzi, eziwasiza futhi ukuba aphile. Okulandelayo, jwayela ezinye izinyoni ngemininingwane eminingi.

Ukubhebhetheka

Ukubuka okufudukayo, okuzinze ngokwengxenye. Kusatshalaliswa e-Eurasia naseNingizimu Afrika. EYurophu, kuvame kakhulu ezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo. Ihlala ubusika engxenyeni esentshonalanga yeYurophu nasezigodini zaseMedithera. Ukuzalelwa ezindaweni ezingaba yishumi nambili ze-Italy, inani labantu linamabili ngamabili angama-40-60.

Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, ama-bittern akhetha izindawo ezinomswakama eduze kwemizimba yamanzi, kwesinye isikhathi angahlala eduze kwamanzi anokuqukethwe usawoti okuphansi, kepha kunoma yikuphi lapho ezungezwe amathangothi aminyene omhlanga, ama-cattery nezinye izinto.

Ibhayoloji

Ukuzibophezela kwensimu yayo kuvezwe ngokucacile. Kwakha isidleke esikhulu kusuka emhlanga. Ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, amaqanda ama-5-6 abekwa amaqanda, lapho insikazi ifukamela izinsuku ezingama-25- 26. Eminyakeni engama-7-8 amasonto, izinyoni ezincane ziqala ukundiza. Kukhona brood eyodwa ngonyaka. Kuma-bittern kuba khona njalo kwesithembu. Indiza ngokunganqikazi, ngokunensa nangobunzima, iphansi ngenhla komhlabathi. Idla izinhlanzi, ama-amphibians nezinambuzane, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, izibankwa, ama-crustaceans, izinyoni ezincane nezilwane ezincelisayo.

I-bittern ikhipha ubukhona bayo obufihlwe ngokucophelela ngezikhalo ezinkulu, ezifana nokukhonkotha okuzwakala, okuzwakala ngisho nakude kwamakhilomitha amabili. Ngenxa yezimpawu zokwenza izinto nge-plumage ne-twilight, kuvame ukuqhathaniswa nezikhova zokhozi. Emini, ihlala ngokungagudli izitshalo zemashi, uma kunesidingo, ithatha isikhundla sokwenza okulinganayo, intamo nomlomo wenyiselwe phezulu.

Ukulungiswa kabusha komhlaba kanye nezinye izinguquko zemvelo kudale ukwehla kwenani lama-bitterns ngaphezulu kobubanzi.

Incazelo

I-Snipe yi-sandpiper encane kakhulu enobukhulu benkanyezi (ubude bomzimba bufika kuma-28 cm), isisindo somzimba kuze kufike ku-90-200 g. Idla ikakhulu ekuseni, yize ivame ukundiza ntambama. Uqhwaku lude kakhulu, luqondile, imilenze imfishane. Amehlo makhulu, aguqukele emuva kwekhanda. Ikati yinyoni yomphakathi, futhi ngesikhathi indiza, ihlala ihlangana emihlambini, kepha ivame ukundizela yodwa, ihlangana ngamaqembu kuphela ekondleni. Inhlanganisela enjalo ekondleni abazingeli ibizwa nge- "rash."

Snipe ikakhulukazi kusihlwa, futhi kusihlwa kancane. Igcinwa emhlabathini ngasese. Imvamisa indiza iphuma ngaphansi kwezinyawo ngomsindo ovelele wobuntu. Indiza ishesha kakhulu, ihlukahlukene, iboniswa yindiza ye-zigzag esheshayo. Imvamisa, itshe kusukela ekuphakameni okukhulu, itshe lishona ligudluze esiqongweni liye endaweni ekhethiwe.

Okwamanje i-snipe ekhumuzayo yenza “i-zhech” ebukhali, iflathela ngapha nangapha, ijikajika ngokungalindelekile, emhlabathini - imisindo ekhethekile yokuthi “che-ke-che-ke-che-ke”. Ngokungafani nehholo, usayizi mncane, umsila ubomvu, futhi isisu simhlophe qwa. Ukusuka kuswidi lase-Asia kusuka kude akuchazeki.

Uhlobo lokuhlala

Umfuduki. Entwasahlobo, ama-snipe afika masisha ngokushesha nje lapho iqhwa linyamalala ezixhaphozini. ENingizimu yeKazakhstan, e-Uzbekistan naseTurkmenistan kuvela ekuqaleni kukaMashi, e-Ukraine naseBelarus - ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, kanye nasezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, e-Kama - ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, eTiman tundra naseJakutsk - maphakathi noMeyi, Indigirke - ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Izinyoni zindiza zodwa uma sekumnyama, zikhala kakhulu i- “tundra” ekuqaleni kwendiza. Izinyoni zindiza ikakhulukazi ebusuku, phakathi nosuku lapho ziphumula zidla. Zindiza zodwa, ngamaqembu ezinyoni eziningi nemihlambi. Ihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo ezinezimbali ezingama-shrubby futhi ngaphandle kwawo. Kuhlala amanzi avulekile noma izidumbu zamanzi ezingenamuntu ezinezitshalo ezisogwini ezisogwini, ezifakwe ngamabhange odaka. Esikhathini sesidleke, sinamathela ezindaweni ezinamanzi ezindaweni ezigcwele izikhukhula nasemifuleni yamanzi. Okungajwayelekile, izidleke zezinyoka ezigcobeni ezimanzi ezinama-hummocks kanye nasogwini olunosilika lwamantombazane amadala.

Ukuzala

I-Snipe - monogamous, yakha ngababili besikhathi sokuzala. Lapho efika nje, abesilisa baqala ukugeleza. Ngesikhathi sendiza yamanje, induna indiza imibuthano kunalokho iphakeme emoyeni, yehla ngezikhathi ezithile. Lapho "liwa", umsila oweluliwe namaphiko, wehlukanisa umoya futhi uyavevezela, ukhipha umsindo ovelelayo wokukhumbula, ukukhumbuza ukushona kwewundlu. Owesilisa ozinzile ugijimela endaweni efanayo. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, insikazi ijoyina yena namafomu amabili, aqhubeka kuyo yonke inkathi yokuzalanisa.

Izinyoka zisebenza ikakhulukazi ekuseni nakusihlwa esimweni sezulu esinamafu noma esinamafu nemvula eguquguqukayo. Kwesinye isikhathi owesilisa ugeleza emhlabathini: uhlala esiqhugwaneni bese akhipha “umkhaza, umkhaza, umkhaza”.

Owesifazane oyedwa uhlanganyele ekuhlelweni kwesidleke nokufakwa ezindlini, futhi owesilisa uhlanganyela ekunakekeleni amathole akhe. Isidleke sivame ukubekwa esigaxeni futhi simelele indawo yokuphumula efakwe iziqu zotshani obomile. Ku-clutch 4 egcwele (kwesinye isikhathi ama-5) aphuzi- noma omnqumo-onsundu onamaqabunga amnyama, ansundu kanye namagrey amaqanda. I-Hatching ihlala izinsuku ezingama-18- 22.

Ukubukeka

Uqhwaku lude. Ubude bawo bufika ku-7.5-12 cm. Kwabesilisa, uqhwaku mfushane ngandlela thile kwabesifazane. Ngenkathi yokuzalela, uqhwaku lunombala omnyama onesisekelo ophuzi noma owolintshi. Ebusika, isisekelo sipinki. Imilenze yinde, impunga emnyama, imnyama noma nsundu. Ikhanda lincane, lincane. Ubude bomzimba obuphakathi buyi-42 cm.Amaphiko afinyelela ku-70-80 cm.Izinsikazi zinesisindo esingu-280 g ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo saso esilinganayo sowesifazane singama-340 g. Abesifazane bakhulu kuno-5% kunabesilisa. Futhi uqhwaku lwabo lusekude ne-12-15%.

Ngenkathi yokuzalela, ikhanda, intamo nesifuba esingenhla zibomvu ngokugqwala. Ngasemuva, i-plumage inombala onsundu onamabala abomvu nezinhlamvu ezibomvu ezikhanyayo. Izimpaphe zezimpaphe zimdaka onsundu ngesisekelo esimhlophe. Umsila umnyama. Ebusika, isifuba sinombala onsomi onsomi. Ngokuvamile, iplamu lamaduna linemibala eminingi ebomvu ngokuqhathaniswa nowesifazane.

Ukuziphatha Nempilo

Abamele izinhlobo zezilwane ezidla emanzini nasemhlabeni. Esikhathini sokuzalela, amabhungane, izicabucabu, izimpukane, amacimbi, ama-dragonflies, ama-annelids, ama-mollusks, izintethe ziyadla. Ziphinde futhi zidle izinhlanzi, i-caviar, amasele, ama-tadpoles. Ngesikhathi sokufuduka, badla amajikijolo, imbewu, nezinhlamvu zerayisi. Emanzini, ukondla kwenziwa emanzini angajulile. Ama-godwitters amakhulu angena emanzini afune inyamazane ebusweni bamanzi noma enhlabathini enodaka. Kulokhu, bangakwazi ukucwilisa amakhanda abo ngokuphelele emanzini. Emhlabeni, ukudla kutholakala ngaphezulu noma uqhwaku lugxiliswa enhlabathini. Ukuzwakala kwezindebe kungaba namandla kakhulu - kufinyelela ezikhathini ezingama-36 ngomzuzu. Lezi zinyoni zivame ukudla ngamaqembu amakhulu.

Isimo sokuLondolozwa

Lolu hlobo luqukethe izingcingo ezi-3. Zonke izinto zokuzingela. Kuze kube manje, i-swp sandpiper noma i-godwit enkulu inesimo esiseduze nokusongelwa ngokunciphisa indawo yemvelo. Inani eliphelele lalezi zinyoni emhlabeni cishe ngabantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-800. Ngaso leso sikhathi, eFrance kuphela, abazingeli ngonyaka babulala kuze kube izinkulungwane eziyisi-8 zalezi zinyoni ezihlukile.

Ukudla okunempilo nokudla okuphakelayo

Kuyo yonke insimu yebanga, isisekelo sokuphaka isikhova semashi sakhiwe ngamagundane amancane. E-tundra, lawa ama-lemmings, emgqeni ophakathi nendawo - ama-voles kanye namagundane, ku-steppe - pies, jerboas kanye hamsters. Izikhova azivami ukubamba izinyoni nezinambuzane, okuvame kakhulu njengokuphangwa okuhlukile eminyakeni “esezingeni eliphakeme” yemihlambi. Izikhova ezivuthiwe zivame ukuzingela indiza, ebusuku, ekuseni noma ntambama, i.e. kaningi ngesikhathi semini.

Imvamisa ngesikhathi sokuzingela, isikhova esinezimpukane sikhuphukela phezulu emhlabathini, sifune inyamazane, bese siyibamba bese siyithwala emihlangeni yayo. Kwesinye isikhathi ngesikhathi sokuzingela, isikhova sezimbotshana ekuziphatheni sifana nesikhathi sasemini esinezinyamazane. Kakhulu kangakanani lapho zizingela khona. Songela inyamazane ebanjiwe wonke. Uma kunokudla okuningi, izikhova ezishintshayo zingakwazi ukuqongelela ngokufihla nokuqasha inyamazane “eyengeziwe” kuzo.

Izindawo zakwaHeron

I-heron yaseGibhithe itholakala ikakhulu endaweni eseningizimu ye-hemisphere. Muva nje ibonakale ngasemlonyeni weVolga. Ihlala kabanzi e-Afrika, lapho isatshalaliswa isuka ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu yezwekazi iye ogwini olusempumalanga kanye neSenegal. Iphinde igcwele izindawo zaseNingizimu Asia. Ama-heron amhlophe asaba kakhulu futhi atholakala kuyo yonke indawo, ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica. Ikakhulu iningi labo e-Afrika. E-Russia, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezintathu eziphilayo - i-grey, ezincane nezinkulu ezimhlophe ezimhlophe. IGrey heron isatshalaliswa ikakhulu e-Asia, Europe (emazweni anesimo sezulu esishisayo), izifunda ezihlala eziqhingini zaseJapan naseSakhalin ziye ogwini loLwandlekazi i-Atlantic (enyakatho - eYakutsk naseSt. Petersburg, eningizimu - kuya eCeylon nasenyakatho nentshonalanga ye-Afrika) ) I-heron ebomvu itholakala ezifundeni eziseningizimu ye-Iberian Peninsula - izindawo zayo ezizalisayo ziya ePakistan nase-Iraq zidlula eHungary nakulo lonke izwe laseBalkan.

Indawo yokusabalalisa

Izinyoni ezivela kuhlobo lwezinkukhu zihlala eYurophu, e-Afrika, e-Asia, ngaphezu kwalokhu, kuhlala izingwamza naseNingizimu Melika.

Izinhlobo zaseningizimu ziphila impilo yokuhlala, amahlaya asenyakatho enza ukufuduka ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka. Lezi zinyoni zihlala ngababili noma hhayi amaqembu amakhulu. Ngaphambi kokundiza ezintabeni ezifudumele, amaqhude ahlangana ngamaqembu amancane abantu abangu-10-25.

Zonke izinhlobo zezingwamza zincike emizimbeni yamanzi, ngakho-ke zizama ukuhlala eduze kwamanzi. Kepha ezinye zisadonsa ekujuleni kwehlathi, zindizela echibini lokudla kuphela.

Izindawo zokuhlala zegogo

I-Grouse ihlala ezindaweni ezinamahlathi kanye nezindawo ezisemahlathini esifundeni sase-Euroukuqala kusuka ezifundeni ezisempumalanga zamaPyrenees nokuphetha empumalanga yeManchuria, ngenxa yalokho, kungatholakala ngokulinganayo eScotland naseMongolia.

Indawo yokuhlala kwale nyoni ihlanganisa:

• i-palearctic zone (i-Caucasian grouse, itshe kanye ne-grouse ejwayelekile, i-grouse ihlala lapho),
• i-neoarctic zone (i-partridge, i-hazel grouse, i-grouse yasendle, i-grouse ejwayelekile neCaucasian emnyama, i-capercaillie).

Isifunda se-Neo-Arctic sifaka namazwe ama-Old and New Worlds asendaweni yesimo sezulu esishisayo - lawa yiNyakatho Melika, i-Asia ne-Europe. Ensimini yeRussian Federation, kutholakala izinhlobo eziyi-8 ze-grouse emnyama: i-grouse, i-grouse yasendle, i-grouse, itshe kanye ne-grouse ejwayelekile, i-grouse emnyama yaseCaucasian, i-grouse, emhlophe namabala e-tundra.

Ngesikhathi sokudlekwa, i-grouse emnyama igwema amahlathi aminyene anemithi emide, ikhethe izihlahla zikalamula namahlathi e-aspen aseduze anezindawo ezishisiwe nokucaciswa okuningi, amahlathi e-birch, ahlangana namasimu wezilimo okusanhlamvu, ihlathi elincane nelincane lemiphetho, lapho kukhona khona izindawo ezomile kanye namajikijolo.

Izinyoni ezihlala ezindaweni zokubhukuda, incazelo yazo kanye nezici

IMarshes kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo iye yenza abantu bazizwa benomsindo ongacacile, ngisho nokwesaba okuqhaqhazelayo, okulingana kancane nokwesabeka ngokweqile. Futhi lokhu kulula ukukuchaza, ngoba izindawo ezinjengalezi, ngaphandle kwesizathu, bekulokhu kubhekwa njengezindawo ezifile futhi ezisongela impilo.

Kunezindawo ezanele emhlabeni ezingenakufinyeleleka kubantu, lapho kukhona ukuswakama okunjalo kanye nokubhukuda okungabikhona okufihlwe iso elibukhali ngotshani nangamagquma, ukuthi uma umgibeli odukayo egcina ngengozi endaweni efanele, i-quagmire engabonakali izomdonsela ngokushesha phansi.

Amaswidi amaningi eBelarus nase-Ukraine. Engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia, izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi kakhulu zisesifundeni esiphakathi nesenyakatho. Zidume ngamadlelo angaphansi komhlaba. Lezi zindawo zande entshonalanga yeSiberia enkulu, kanye naseKamchatka.

Ngokombono wesayensi, izindawo zomhlaba ezi-bog ziyindawo ezihlukile lapho, ukuphuma kwamathumbu omhlaba, ukugijima noma ukuma kwamanzi kudala umswakama ngokweqile, okuthinta ukwakheka kwenhlabathi.

Esithombeni bird moorhen

Ngenxa yezici zemvelo nesimo sezulu sendawo, amaxhaphozi aqongelela ukujula kwezulu futhi amunca amanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Konke lokhu kudala izimo zokuhlala zalabo abamele iplanethi, futhi izinyoni ezibhukuda bazivumelanise ngokuphelele nokuphila kohlobo lwendawo, oluncane olufanele abantu.

Izixhaphozi azange nje zesabe, kepha zakhanga futhi zaheha abantu ngemfihlo yazo engasombululwanga. Isibonelo, abantu basendulo babekholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi ukubhukuda yindawo yokuhlala yemimoya ehlukahlukene nemimoya emibi.

Izinganekwane nezindaba ezinhle kakhulu ziye zathuthukiswa kakhulu ngamaphimbo ashicilelwe izinyoni, abahlali ababhukuda. Enye yalezi zidalwa ezinemibala engaqondakali yayiyingqayizivele. Imvamisa ukucula kwakhe buthule kubonakala kakhulu kusihlwa noma ebusuku.

Imvamisa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, le miculo eyingqayizivele ifana nomsindo omfishane omfishane, kwesinye isikhathi inyoni yenza imisindo ehlabayo, eyayibizwa ngokuthi inkunzi noma amanzi inkunzi.

Kukhona izidalwa ezingaqondakaliyo ezimele umndeni we-heron, eduze amaxhaphozi namachibi, izinyoni bakwazi ukuncibilika ngokoqobo emathangeni omhlanga, belula amakhanda abo nezintambo entanjeni njengoba umuntu esondela, kuyilapho kufana nezixhaxana zotshani obuthuntu. Ngalezo zikhathi ezinjalo, akunakwenzeka ukubathola, ngisho nokubabheka nje kungenalutho.

Ngaphandle, lezi zidalwa ezinobukhulu obuncane azilungile, zinamaqhubu futhi aziyi-nondescript, ziphakathi kwabantu abaningi uphawu lokubi. Ukubukeka kwazo kuyethusa kakhulu lapho izinyoni, ngokwesaba, kuphakamisa amaphiko aso agobile, zelule izintamo zazo phambili, ukuthi ngisho nezilwane ezidla ezinye ziya endle ngesibhaxu esinjalo.

Futhi akunasizathu, ngoba ngokwemvelo imvelo encane iyisidalwa esibi kakhulu, futhi isitha ngeke silunge uma yena, ezivikela, esenquma ukumshaya ngogongolo olubunjiweyo olunamakhande.

Amachwane amnyama amathiphu enza into ecokeme, i-gurgling kanye nemisindo yokumemeza ihlasela ngokwengeziwe, i-bony kanye nokubi. Ububanzi bezinyoni ezinjalo bukhulu impela, busakazekela eYurophu kuya phambili, kuze kufike esiqhingini saseSakhalin.

I-Bittern bird

Snipe

Imisindo engafani nalokhu, efana nokushaywa kwewundlu, yenziwa inyoni enwabuzelayo etholakala ogwini lolwandle olunemizimba yamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthombo wazo izimpaphe zomsila ziyaveveka lapho indiza ngaphansi kwengcindezi yomoya.

Esikhathini sokukhwelana, abesilisa, besukuma, bangene ngokuqinile phansi, okuba yisizathu salesi sici. Indiza yalokhu ukuphuma kwenyoni kusuka esixhaphozini kuqala ngokukhononda okuxutshwe nalutho.

Ngemuva kwalokho, izinyoni ezinemibala zigagaza emoyeni okwesikhashana, okudala izinkinga ezingabazeki kubazingeli abazama ukushaya ilitshe elinjalo. Ukubonakala kwale nyoni encane kungaphezu kokungajwayelekile, futhi kuhlukaniswa kakhulu ngomlomo wayo omude, ongamasentimitha amahlanu, yize izidalwa ezinjalo zimane nje zinenkukhu, zinesisindo esingama-150 g.

Umbala walezi zidalwa ezinemilenze emincane uhlukaniswa yi-motleyness ekhanyayo futhi ugcwele imibala ansundu, amhlophe namnyama. Izinyoni ezinjalo zihlala eRussia, cishe kuyo yonke insimu yayo, ngaphandle, mhlawumbe, iKamchatka kanye nezindawo ezisenyakatho, kodwa ziya emazweni afudumele ebusika.

Snipe bird

I-Plover

Lezi zinhlaka zemvelo azidumile ngokuceba komhlaba wezitshalo. Lezi zindawo, njengomthetho, ziningi ngama-mosses, akhula kanye nama-lichens ukubhukuda. Inyoni, isidleke kumaqhubu e-mosskuvame ukuthi kube neplover. Imvamisa uhlela ikhaya lamathole asikhathi esizayo khona emhlabathini kwizimbobo ezincane, ukuze kubumbane, kufakwe izindle phansi.

I-plover ifihla isidleke sayo kusuka emehlweni okukhohlisa kalula nje, ukuze icishe ihlangana ngokuphelele nendawo ezungezile.Izinyoni ezinje, ezikhudlwana kancane kunenkanyezi, zineplamu eliqondayo, elinombala onsundu.

Zinezindebe ezimfishane, zikhipha izingoma ezinamakhaza, zindiza kahle futhi zigijima ngesivinini emincane yazo, kude nemilenze emincane. Bachitha ihlobo enyakatho yeYurophu ne-Asia, kuthi ebusika bahambe baye eningizimu bayofuna ukushisa.

Abaphangi bamelela iqembu labadade, ngalinye lamalungu anezikhumba ezinezimpawu zalo, elihlukile ngokubukeka nendlela yokuphila. Abanye babo, kufaka phakathi izinyoni, ukuhlala endaweni yokubhukuda.

Izinyoni Zase Switter Plover

Swamp Sandpiper

Le nyoni icishe ifane nosayizi wejuba, kodwa ibukeka inkulu kakhulu ngenxa yentamo ende, umlomo kanye nemilenze. Lezi zidalwa zihlukaniswa umbala ophuzi obomvu ophuzi.

Bafika emasimini asenyakatho kusuka ebusika phakathi entwasahlobo, babuyela minyaka yonke endaweni efanayo, abangashintsha kuphela ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwendawo nezinye izimo ezinzima.

Ukunakekela kakhulu amachwane, abekwe yimvelo emanzini, kuvame ukudala ukushona kwezingane, kubangele inkathazo kubazali. Owesilisa onovalo, ezama ukwesabisa izivakashi ezingafuneki esidlekeni, unikeza indawo akuyo.

Izinyoni zithakazelisa kakhulu kubazingeli ngenxa yenyama emnandi, ethambile, ebangele ukubhujiswa kwesizukulwane sonke salezi zinyoni.

Esithombeni seswampamp yesithombe

Idada lokubhukuda

IMarshes, ngokusho kososayensi, ilungele indawo yokuhlala yabameleli abaningi bombuso onezinwele, abazizwa bekhululekile impela kule ndawo echaziwe, isikhathi eside bezithanda lezo zinhlaka zomhlaba (ku isithombe sezinyoni ezibhukuda mhlawumbe ungaqiniseka ngalokhu).

Yize imvelo ebazungezile, ikakhulukazi izimbali, ihluke kakhulu. Amahlathi ahlala kancane kancane ngamaxhaphozi, njengomthetho, ayafa, futhi izinhlobo eziningi zezihlahla zithathelwa indawo yilabo abathanda umswakama.

Kuliqiniso, ezindaweni ezinjengamaphayini amancanyana aqala kahle futhi asabalale, ezinye izinhlobo ze-birch, spruce kanye ne-willow zikhula. Ngokuya ngezinga lokushona kwendawo, izinhlobo zazo zezitshalo zikhula lapho.

E-lowland bogs sedge nomhlanga zikhula. AmaMarshes adume nangokuba khona kwamagugu, aqukethe amavithamini, amajikijolo: ama-blueberries, ama-cranberries, ama-Cloudberry nabanye. Bona, njengeziqu zezithelo ezinamanzi, badla izinyoni eziningi. Phakathi kwazo kukhona amadada asendle - swamp waterfowl.

Izinyoni ezinje, ezivame kakhulu eNyakatho Nenkabazwe, zinomzimba osakazekile obanzi, uqhotho oluthambile futhi zidume ngokuba khona kwezingqimba emahlombe azo, ezizisiza kakhulu ukuba zihambe ngempumelelo endaweni esemanzini. Imvamisa, ngenkathi kugobhoza amanzi, amadada eshaya amaphiko awo ngomsindo. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ngale ndlela, lezi zidalwa zihlanza izimpaphe.

Idada lokubhukuda

Swamp owl

Inyoni enjalo nayo ayinandaba nokudla amajikijolo amasha, kepha ikhetha ukuzingela ama-rodents amancane ebusuku: amagundane, ama-voles, ama-hamsters kanye nejee.

Ifuna inyamazane yayo, isikhova ifinyelela ngaphezu komhlabathi, futhi lapho isikhethe isisulu, iye yehla futhi iyithwale ngezimbobo zayo eziyishumi. Le nyoni ethule, kodwa futhi iyakwazi ukugcwalisa ukuthula ngemisindo eyinqayizivele.

Yini inyoni esixhaphozini ukuqhuma, ukukhonkotha nokugoba? Isikhova senza lokhu, siqaphe isidleke saso. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, abantu bobabili ubulili babamba izingcingo ezihambisanayo. AmaCavaliers akhipha i-hoot dull, kanti izintokazi ziyawashoba ngokukhwaza okungafaniyo.

Izinyoni ezinjalo azitholakali kuphela ezindaweni ezivulekile zaseYurophu, kodwa futhi naseMelika. Ubude bomzimba wabo bungaphansi kwesigamu semitha, amapayipi anombala onsundu, ophuzi omnyama. Izinyoni ezinezinwele zisakazeka endaweni enkulu, ziningi kakhulu futhi azidingi kuvikeleka.

Ithole isikhova

I-Partridge

Lesi sidalwa esinemibala, esihlala ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, phakathi kwemifantu emincane, imichilo namajikijolo e-tundra, ngokuqinisekile sithanda amajikijolo asabekayo. I-partridge iyinyoni entekenteke, enekhanda elincane kanye namehlo, uqhwaku embozwe izimpaphe nemilenze emifushane.

Ehlobo, amabala ansundu kanye aphuzi avela kuye okokugqoka okukhulu okumhlophe qhwa, kanti amashiya ale nyoni athwale ngombala obomvu ogqamile. Njengoba inesisindo esiphilayo esifinyelela ku-700 g, i-grouse idonsela abazingeli inyama yayo enempilo.

Esithombeni i-white parridge

UHeron

Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi, ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukuthi izindawo ezinamamaki ziwusizo kakhulu, zibabiza ngokuthi “amaphaphu” omhlaba. Zinciphisa okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni dioksiyidi emoyeni futhi zivimbele umphumela wokugcina ukushisa, zibamba iqhaza elibalulekile kwezolimo, zibamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwemifula.

Konke lokhu kunomthelela ekwakhekeni kwe-microclimate ethile emaxhaphozini. Ukwenza isibonelo, izindlovukazi ezibhekwe kahle amachibi namachibi, izinyoni herons, izimpande ngokuphelele kuleyondawo, akukhona ngengozi.

Ngempela, iziqu zomhlanga, udaka nezihlahlana zisebenza njengesifihla esihle kakhulu futhi uzivikele kubazingeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaxhaphozi ahlala egcwele amasele, okusho ukuthi ukondliwa kwezinyoni ezikhetha lobu bumnandi, kanye nenhlanzi, kuhlinzekwa njalo.

I-heron ingabizwa ngokuthi inyoni enhle, uma kungenjalo ngenxa yokunyakaza kwama-angular kanye ne-clumsy lapho kuvame ukuqhela khona. Kepha kumaxhaphozi umusa akuyona into ebaluleke kakhulu, kepha kulesi simo salezi zidalwa kungenzeka ukuthi udideke nge-snag knotty, ewusizo kakhulu endaweni yokubuka yezokuphepha.

Amakhambi ane-agility ahamba emanzini emilenzeni yawo emide, futhi azizwe emuhle emibhedeni yomhlanga. Kuliqiniso, imisindo abayenzayo, efana nokukhala komuntu noma ukubhonga kwakhe, akuyona umculo.

Esithombeni, inyoni ye-heron

Izinyoni eziningi zemashi zinezici eziningi zokubonakala kwazo: intamo ende nemilenze emincane, nomlomo omkhulu. Izici ezinjalo zisiza ukungamanzi ezindaweni ezinamanzi omzimba wazo, ezihlala ziphakeme ngaphezu komhlaba. Uqhwaku olude luyakwazi ukunikeza ukudla okufanele.

Ngokuqondile lolu hlobo lwezinyoni lubandakanya ama-storks - izinyoni ezinkulu ezinamaphiko amakhulu abanzi, zelula intamo yazo lapho indiza. Zisakazeke emhlabeni wonke, zenzeka emazweni anezimo sezulu ezishisayo nezibandayo.

Esithombeni kunogolantethe

Igrey crane

Lezi zinyoni nazo ziyaneliswa yukuphila ezindaweni zokubhukuda, kanti imikhovane engwevu ihlala ngokuphumelelayo ezihlokweni zayo ezixhaphoxhayo. Njengoba zihlala ezindaweni ezinjengalezi, izinyoni zizama ukuzivikela ekulweni nentuthuko kuyo yonke imingcele.

Futhi ukubhukuda okungangeneki kufihla izinyoni emehlweni abantu. Ama-cranes, njengoba negama libonisa, anezimpaphe ezimpunga, kuphela izimpaphe ezithile zimnyama. Ubukhulu bezinyoni buhlaba umxhwele impela, futhi abanye abantu bafinyelela usayizi wamamitha amabili.

Ama-cranes ayathakazelisa ngemidanso yawo. Ukudonswa kwemisiko kuyanikezwa, ngababili noma ngamaqembu, noma ngokwahlukana, okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuzala. Ukunyakaza okunjalo kuvezwa ngokugxuma nokushaywa kwamaphiko, ukuminyanisa nokuyindilinga, kanye nasekunyatheni okulinganiselwe ngokubukeka okubalulekile.

Igrey crane

I-grouse emnyama

Ngesinye isikhathi, amaxhaphozi avakashelwa abameleli bomndeni we-pheasant: i-grouse emnyama ne-capercaillie, egqugquzelwa yisifiso sokudla insimu, amajikijolo amnandi akhula kule ndawo.

Kubazingeli basenkabeni yeRussia, lezi zinyoni bekulokhu zizingela ezithandwa kakhulu. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zezinyoni ziyefana, kepha kumuntu onolwazi ukuzihlukanisa akunzima.

Isisindo se-grouse emnyama singaphezulu kweekhilogremu. I-plumage yezinyoni ezinjalo imnyama kakhulu nge-tint eluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi enamabala amhlophe emaphikweni. Okufakiwe kufakwe umsila obunjwe ngemisebe.

Zivame ukutholakala kuma-birch ama-birch kanye nama-bush-steppes egcwele i-shrub enezihlahla ezisezigodini. imifula nezixhaphozi, izinyoni uma ehlala emahlathini, awawona aminyene kakhulu. Izinyoni azithandi ukuhamba amabanga amade, kepha uma kunesidingo noma ukuntuleka komsoco kungahamba ibanga elingamakhilomitha ayi-10 emoyeni.

Inyoni emnyama yegogo (insikazi)

I-Capercaillie

Inyoni enkulu ende enamamitha ayisisindo esingamakhilogremu amahlanu, enezimpaphe ezimnyama ngombala onsundu futhi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enesihlwathi green eluhlaza esifubeni kanye nomsila oyindilinga. Ukhetha ukuhlala emahlathini aseduze kwamaxhaphozi, lapho edla hhayi kuphela amajikijolo, kepha nezinaliti.

I-Capercaillie, kanzima ukukhuphuka, ichitha iningi lempilo yayo emhlabeni, ichitha ubusuku bonke izihlahleni. Empeleni abazi ukuthi bangandiza kanjani, bedabula emoyeni kungabikho amamitha ayi-12.

Esithombeni inyoni eyi-capercaillie

Iparawuni eluhlaza okotshani nokuphuzi

Iningi lamaxhaphozi litholakala eNyakatho Nenkabazwe, kodwa ekugcineni komhlaba okukhona. Isibonelo, emhlabeni omkhulu kunayo yonke le mikhakha ingalo ye-Amazon.

Izinyoni eziningi zihlala lapho, omunye wabameli abakhanya kakhulu yilolu pholi we-macaw ophuzi, ohlobene izinyoni ezigwadlelayo nemingcele lomfula omkhulu futhi omkhulu. Izinyoni ezinjalo ezixakile zindiza kahle, futhi amaplamu abambekayo awenza angabonakali ngokumelene nesizinda sezimila ezigqamile zale ndawo.

Ama-parrots aya endle futhi ahlala emhlambini omkhulu, aqoqana lapho sekusondela isikhathi ezindaweni zobusuku. Futhi ekuseni kakhulu ukuyofuna ukudla, kumenyezelwa omakhelwane ngezwi elikhulu.

Blue and Yellow Macaw Parrot

UFlamingo

Inyoni enjalo ivame ukwakha izidleke ezindaweni eziwusawoti ogwini lwamachibi. Isisindo salezi zidalwa ezinhle ezinomusa ezihlala eYurophu, e-Afrika nase-Asia zivame ukufika kuma-4 kg. Ama-flamesos abomvu anentamo ende nemilenze, enenqwaba yepinki ekhanyayo. Naphezu komusa wazo, lezi zidalwa zisindayo impela ekukhuphukeni.

Bahlukana ngokunqikanqika futhi kuphela ezimweni lapho besengozini enkulu. Zibaleka isikhathi eside, kepha ekundizeni zingumbono omangazayo, obukeka kahle ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwesibhakabhaka se-azure esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Esithombeni kukhona i-flamingo

Isiphithiphithi seMarsh

ILooney ithanda amaxhaphozi, kanye nezindawo ezicebile kubamele bezilwane zasemanzini. Ngaphambi kwamehlo omuntu ozama ukuqagela ububanzi bezinyanga, indawo edonsa ngamathanga namathanga omhlanga idonswa ngokushesha.

Esithombeni yimbani yexhaphozi

Cowgirl

Umalusi, noma njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi ngumalusi wamanzi, inyoni encane yomndeni womalusi, ehlala ikakhulu ezixhaphozini nasezindaweni zamanzi eziseduzane. Kubhalwe ku-Red Book kwamanye amazwe ngenxa yesibalo esiphansi kakhulu kulezi zindawo.

Inkukhu yomalusi wamanzi

I-Sandpiper

Amagama ama-bugs ahlukahlukene kakhulu, futhi amanye awo akuvumela ukuba uqagele ukuthi inyoni ikhetha ukuhlala kuphi ngempela. Isibonelo, i-swamp sandpiper. Le inyoni encane elingana nejuba, ibonakala ngemilenze emide, umbala ophuzi onsundu, kanti owesilisa ulula.

Bakhetha ukuhlala emaxhaphozi ngababili noma amakoloni amancane, bahlobane nalabo abafudukayo, bathuthela emazweni afudumele ngokuqala kwesithwathwa, ukuze babuyele ezindaweni zabo zomdabu ngo-Ephreli. Ukuguqulwa kokuhlala kungaba ngenxa yesizathu esibucayi:

• Ukomisa kwexhaphozi.
• "Ukuthwebula" kwendawo ngabantu noma izinkomo.

Ngokuvamile, izinyoni azithobeki lapho zihlala khona, eyeduna isiza intombi yayo ukuba yenze isidleke kusuka emahlumela amancanyana namawele, imvamisa ibekwa endaweni eyi-hummock noma endaweni eyomile yesixhaphozi. Ku-clutch yamaqanda afinyelela kwayi-4, owesilisa uthatha ingxenye eqondile ekufukameleni kwawo. Izinyoni ezinezinwele, abadala nabancane, badla izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene.

Lo ngumpetha wokuzifihla phakathi kwezinyoni ezibhukuda, isithombe sakhe sivezwe ngezansi. Ingabe ummeleli womndeni wakwaTsaplevy, imvelo uqobo lwayo yanakekela ukuphepha kwale nyoni, yayifaka ngombala oyingqayizivele, ngenxa yokuthi phakathi kwezinhlanga imbotshana yazo icishe ingabonakali. Kaningi kutholakala emachibini angamanzi phakathi kwezihlahlana zewillow noma alder. Izinyoni ezinje zitholakala cishe kuyo yonke indawo yase-Europe naseNingizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia, ziyafuduka: ekuqaleni kwekwindla zindizela eningizimu zibuyele ezidlekeni ngoMashi.

Ihola indlela yokuphila yobusuku, phakathi nosuku imile inganyakazi emlenzeni owodwa, ifana ne-heron, isihlobo sayo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngokufihla okungcono kakhulu, inyoni iya ezitshalweni.

Izici

ICapercaillie ihlala emahlathini ase-Eurasia. Zitholakala endaweni ukusuka enhlonhlo yeScandinavia iye eSiberia. E-Europe Ephakathi, le nhlobo iyancipha minyaka yonke. Izindawo ezithandekayo zokuhlala i-grouse zingamahlathi amadala we-coniferous anama-glitter amakhulu, amajikijolo kanye namaqabunga adla kuwo unyaka wonke. Le nyoni isizakala ngokusondela kuyo ne-anthill, enikeza amaphuphu ukudla okune-protein eningi kakhulu. ICapercaillie iyinyoni enamahloni kakhulu. Ehlobo, indiza kancane, icashe emahlathini ama-blueberries and undergrowth. I-grouse yezinkuni nayo yakhela isidleke sayo esicashilewe phansi.

Ebusika, inyoni ichitha isikhathi esiningi ezihlahleni. Kulezo zifunda lapho kuneqhwa eliningi khona, i-capercaillie iyasinda ngenxa yobubanzi obukhulu bokunamafutha, okusebenza njengezinto ezifakwayo nokugcina amandla. Ebusika, i-grouse yokhuni ibuthana emhlambini osukela ezinhlanu kuya kwezingu-25. Abesilisa bavame ukuhlala behlukile kwabesifazane.

Abanqobi bezimbumbulu

Akuwona wonke umuntu okwazi ukuzijwayela endaweni engajwayelekile. Izinyoni ngabantu abahlukile abakwaziyo ukuthuthuka kwamaxhaphozi.

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Izinyoni ezilandelayo zithathwa njengezakhamizi ezithandwa kakhulu:

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I-Bittern

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IBittern - izinyoni zingezomndeni we-heron. Ziboshwe ngokuphelele emathangeni omhlanga, zingelula kalula amakhanda nezintamo zazo, zibheke nxazonke. Kwesinye isikhathi abantu abaziboni izinyoni, zize zizibheke zingasho lutho. Ngokubukeka, bangabantu abangahloniphi futhi abanamahloni, ababukeka bethukuthele bethukile. Ama-Bitters azalwa enoqhwaku abukhali, abonwa ngamehlo futhi enza imisindo yokumemeza.

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Snipe

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I-Snipe - izinyoni zinombala okhanyayo futhi zinobuhlakani obungajwayelekile. Abazingeli abavami ukuphatha ukudubula umuntu ngamunye ophapha ngokuhamba kwe-zigzag ukunyakaza. Inyoni inomlomo omude, kepha inesisindo esingaphezu kwenkukhu.

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I-Plover

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I-Plover - izinyoni ngosayizi zikhula kancane kunokwezinkanyezi, zinomlomo omfishane, imilenze emincane futhi egobile, kepha ziguga kakhulu futhi ziyashesha.

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Swamp Sandpiper

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I-Swamp sandpiper - intamo ende, umlomo kanye nemilenze ziyizici ezihlukile zalolu hlobo lwezinyoni. Izinyoni ezinemibala zinombala obomvu ophuzi wezimpaphe.

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Idada lokubhukuda

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Idada lase Swamp - linomzimba olungiselelwe kahle, uqhwaku olunwebekile, izinyawo ezi-webbed ne-plumage enhle ngokungajwayelekile.

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Isikhova - izinyoni zinezinsiba ezinsundu-ophuzi, umlomo omnyama. Ubude bomzimba wabo kuyaqabukela bufinyelela ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-0,5.

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I-Partridge

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I-parridge ingumuntu obuthaka onamehlo amancane nenhloko encane, imilenze emifushane nezimpaphe ezithambile.

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UHeron

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I-heron iyinyoni enhle enobuhlakani, umusa nokufihla okuhle.

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Ingquza

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I-Stork - izici ezihlukile zezinyoni zalolu hlobo - imilenze emide emincane, umlomo omkhulu. Ngenxa yamaphiko amakhulu, aqhekekile, izingwamza zingafinyelela masinyane lapho ziya khona.

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Ezibhukuda ungaphinde uhlangane nojantshi abampunga. I-Grouse ne-capercaillie bahlala kwezinye izifunda.

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Igrey crane

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I-grouse emnyama

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I-Capercaillie

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Abahlali abaguqayo besishampu

Izinyoni ezihlaba umxhwele futhi ezihehayo kakhulu yilesi sikhwanyana se-macaw eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ophuzi, i-flamingo kanye ne-marsh har har.

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Oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nophuzi

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UFlamingo

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Isiphithiphithi seMarsh

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Zingezezinyoni ezihlala kwamanye amazwe, kepha zivame ukutholakala eYurophu. I-Warbler kanye nokwalusa kubhekwa njengezinhlobo ezithakazelisa ngokulinganayo - izinyoni zamanzi ezincane ezibhalwe kwiNcwadi Ebomvu.

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Kamyshevka

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Cowgirl

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Ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni ezimanzi

Ngaphezu kwezakhamizi ezisetshenzisiwe ngaphambili zemishado, kumasayithi ungathola nezinyoni ezinjengomgodi ophakathi nendawo nongaphezulu, i-godworm, skate nokujaha.

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Isigaxa esihle

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I-Curlew

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I-Curlew

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UGodwit

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Ihhashi

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Iminti

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Kaningi, abantu bayaphumelela ngenxa yomncintiswano, kanti ezinye izinhlobo ziyanyamalala ngenxa yezimo ezinzima zokuphila.

Isinkwa

Njengazo zonke izinyoni ezibhukuda, inemilenze emide, intamo kanye noqhwaku. I-elongation yabo isiza ukuzulazula emanzini, icwilisa ikhanda lakho kuyo, ibambe ukudla emfudlaneni.

Uqhwaku lwesinkwa lubunjiwe ngendlela i-arc. Lesi isici esiyingqayizivele senyoni. Ubude bomlomo waso bufika ngamasentimitha ayi-12.

Izinkwa Ngokuhlelekile - izinyoni ezibhukudaezihlobene neqembu le-ibis. Ifakiwe emndenini weCiconiiformes.

Ubukhulu besinkwa bukhulu kancane kunefoloko. Ubuningi benyoni ubisi olunesihlungu kusuka ekhanda kuya phakathi komzimba futhi lube nsundu kuya emsileni. Kukhanya kukhona i-tint yensimbi, ichichima imibala eluhlaza, emnyama, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ukusakazwa kwezinkwa kubanzi. Abamele izinhlobo zezilwane abatholakali ezigodini kuphela. Izinyoni zihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezifudukayo. Ezinye izinkwa ziphila impilo yokuphila.

I-heron ebomvu

Ngaphandle kwalokho kubizwa ngokuthi ngabasebukhosini. Le nyoni ayinasisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayi-1,4. Lokhu kukhula ngamamitha nobude bomzimba wamasentimitha angama-90.

I-heron ebomvu ethambile ihambelana negama nombala wezinsiba esifubeni nasesiswini. Ingaphezulu lenyoni limpunga.

Ama-heron abomvu ahlala e-Asia, Europe kanye nezwekazi lase-Afrika. Phakathi kwazo, izinyoni ziyandiza, zigobisa intamo yazo ngesimo sesiNgisi S.

Ngokuziphatha kahle, izinhlobo zihlukaniswa wukuzisola. I-heron isuswa endaweni yayo lapho ibona isihambi, noma ibanga eliphephile uqobo lwayo.

Grey heron

Umzimba wakhe ungamamitha ubude, futhi ukuphakama kwawo kuvame ukudlula amasentimitha ayi-100. Abayishumi nane kubo bawa uqhwaku. Ngisho nakubamele izinhlobo zezinhlobo, uzipho ngomunwe ophakathi luphakeme. Emlenzeni ngamunye we-heron grey kukhona izinzwane ezi-4, esinye sazo siphendulwe emuva.

Isisindo se-grey heron sifinyelela kumakhilogrethi amabili. Ubukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele bezinyoni azenzi ngesibindi se-feathery. Izithole ezimpunga zinamahloni njengazo ezibomvu. Ukwesaba kwenza ngisho nezinyoni ziphonse izidleke, kwesinye isikhathi ngamachwane asebanjiwe kakade.

Umbala we-grey ash heron. Kukhona cishe izindawo ezimhlophe. Uqhwaku lwenyoni lubomvu ophuzi.

UHeron

Ku-heron, ukuzamazama komhlaba kunentamo emfushane. Akunasidingo sokuntywila ngaphansi kwamanzi. UHeron wajwayela ukuheha inyamazane. Le nyoni iphonsa owayo umkhuhlane noma izinambuzane emanzini. I-heronfish yanele ngaleso sikhathi lapho ibamba isiheho.

Imilenze yakhe nayo imfushane. Kepha iminwe yenyoni, kunalokho, yinde futhi ilukhuni. Zivame ukubamba amagatsha ezihlahla zezixhapho nezihlahla.

Uqhwaku lwe-heron lukhulu futhi nalo lufushane.

Isici esithandekayo se-heron yindlela yokubamba inyamazane ngezethi.

I-Blue heron

Lincane futhi likhulu, libukeka njengompunga, kepha luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala. Ekhanda, izimpaphe ziphonswa nge-burgundy. Imilenze nobuhlalu benyoni ngimpunga eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ukwakheka kwale nyoni kufana ne-heron emhlophe. Amathoyizi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka afana kakhulu naye, njengoba ezalwa emhlophe enamachashaza amnyama emaphikweni.

I-heron eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ijwayelekile eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. Lapho, izinyoni zidla esiqongweni sezihlahla. Iningi likhetha imifino eduze nogu lolwandle, kepha kukhona nezindawo ezigcwele ukubhukuda.

Oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nophuzi

Enye yamapharishi ambalwa athanda ama-marshlands. Kuzo, i-macaw ephuzi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka igqamile hhayi kuphela ngombala, kodwa futhi nosayizi. Ubude benyoni bufinyelela amasentimitha angama-90. Amashumi amahlanu kuwo awela emsileni.

I-macaw eluhlaza okotshani ophuzi inesisindo esingaba khilogremu. Ngobuningi obuhlaba umxhwele, izinyoni zezinhlobo zindiza kahle futhi ngokushesha. Izimpiko zihamba kancane. Bet emandleni eMach.

Kamyshovka

Umhlanga yizinyoni ezincane ezivela emndenini we-oda ekhazimulayo yamaPasseriformes. Izindawo zokubhukuda ezingamaxhaphozi ziyafana nengadi nomhlanga. Umehluko kuphela i-crest ebizwe ngaphezulu ebunzini. Izimpaphe zinamathela ngokuqinile kunezinye izinhlanga.

Umhlanga ufakiwe izinyoni zamaxhaphozi aseRussia. Izinyoni zitholakala yonke indlela eya eNovosibirsk. Iningi labantu lihlala eYurophu.

Isigaxa esihle

Iqonde ukuswayipha. Zisatshalaliswa emhlabeni jikelele. Kodwa-ke, umgodi utholakala kuphela e-Eurasia. Lapha inyoni ikhetha ukubhukuda nezimbani ezikhukhulwe ngamanzi.

Ubude bomzimba wethongo abudluli amasentimitha angama-30. Le nyoni inesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-200. Cishe inani elifanayo nesisindo se-snipe. Kodwa-ke, umgodi uyi-denser tata, inomlomo onamandla kakhudlwana futhi ayihlukile ngobude bezintamo.

I-Curlew

Kungokwalabo abahamba ngezinyawo zasolwandle, emi phakathi kwabo ngosayizi wayo omkhulu, cishe ngosayizi weqhude elingwevu. I-plumage ye-kronshekpa, ngendlela, nayo i-grey, ngaphandle kwamachashazi. Enye inyoni ihlukaniswa ngemilenze emfishane futhi uqhwaku olugobile kancane kuphela.

Curlew izidleke kumaxhaphozi e-tundra kanye nomngcele osenyakatho we-steppe zone. Indawo ihlukaniswe.

Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokubhalwa kwekhonkolo. Ezinye zazo, ngokwesibonelo, zikhokhiswa mncane, kanye neBhuku elibomvu.

Ama-curlews amakhulu namancane nawo ahlala ezixhaphozini. Zombili izindebe zinde kunesilinganiso, futhi umzimba uphansi xaxa.

Izwi lakhe lifana ne-bullish eyodwa, ephansi futhi iyasho. Ukukhala ngesiphuzo kumyekisa. Yonke enye inyoni ifihlekile futhi ifihlekile phakathi kwezimila ezibandayo. Ikakhulu, i-bittern ipendiwe ithoni yezinhlanga.

IBittern ingeyomndeni we-heron. Phakathi kwazo, le nyoni ifana nokwakheka kwe-heron grey. I-bittern ibuye ibe nomsila oyindilinga, omfushane, amaphiko abanzi. Uqhwaku nalo lubanzi, lunamamaki.

Ngokuphakama, i-bittern ingaphansi kwe-heron grey, cishe amasentimitha angama-80. Izimpaphe zinesisindo esingamakhilogremu 1.5.

UGodwit

Kungaba kukhulu, kuncane, eCanada, kunebala. Bonke bangabomndeni wezinyoka. Ama-Godwits ngabamele bawo abakhulu. Ngaphandle, izinyoni zibukeka njengama-curlews ahlobene. Umehluko uqhwaku lugobekile. Ngama-curlews, ithiphu libheka phansi.

Ezinsukwini zakudala ze-godwit, kwakukhona izinhlobo ezingama-7. Kunezinsalela ezi-3 manje. Oyedwa ushone cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezinhlanu edlule. Enye inyamalale ebusweni boMhlaba eminyakeni eyizigidi ezimbili ngaphambili. Kwakukhona nonkulunkulukazi owafa eminyakeni engama-35 ezigidi edlule.

Izinsalela zenyoni yasendulo zitholakala eFrance. Ososayensi babheka i-godwit yasendulo njengohlobo oluphakathi, okuvela kulo nama-curlews.

Iminti

AmaSlav ayeyibiza ngembazo noma nge-pickaxe. Bazenzisa emsebenzini. Ukujaha inyoka enomsila obunjiwe. Kungokwalabo abamnyama, ineziqu ezimbalwa. Abamele indawo yokulala enamakhanda abamnyama ezigungwini. Kukhona futhi umhlambi kanye nemali ephakeme. Owokuqala ukhetha izindawo ezinezintaba, owesibili ukhetha izinkundla.

Iminti enamakhanda amnyama ayisekho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-12. Le nyoni inesisindo esingu-1 gram. Amapheya amnyama ekhanda ahlukanisa nentambo emhlophe entanyeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbala wokuqunjelwa unombala onsundu ngasemhlane bese ubomvu ngokubomvu esifubeni nesisu.

Ihhashi

Igama lakhe kungenye impendulo yombuzo, yiziphi izinyoni ezihlala ezixhaphozini. I-skate ingeyenqola, ibukeka njenge-lark, kepha iyancanyana.

Igama ridge lihambisana nemisindo eyenzayo: - “Tsok, Tsok, Tsok”. Ungakuzwa kucula emaxhaphozini ashubile asuka emngceleni osentshonalanga yeRussia aye eLake Baikal. E-Europe, skates nazo izidleke, kepha e-Asia kukhona izinyoni ezimbalwa.

Ubude bekhaba bungamasentimitha ayi-17. Okufakiwe kunesisindo esingu-21-23 amagremu. Imvuthuluka ipendiwe ngathoni ophuzi-onsundu-grey.

Ukugoqa

Kubhekiswa emanzini Phakathi kwazo, i-lapwing ihlukaniswa i-crest ekhanda nomlomo omfushane. Ngisho nolwashi luqhakazile. Ku-plumage yenyoni kukhona okubomvu, okuluhlaza okotshani.

Ukuziphatha okuxegayo akungesabi. Izinyoni zizungeza futhi ziklabalaza ngqo phezu kwamakhanda abantu, njengamaqhude.

UCaroline Toadstool

Kwenza imisindo efana nembongolo. Ungabezwa bebhukuda ebumnyameni - i-toadstool ihola indlela yokuphila ebusuku.

UCaroline grebe upendiwe ngamathoni ansundu-grey. Kunemisipha emhlophe. Eqhweni elimpunga ehlobo, kuvela umucu omnyama onqenqemeni.

Ubude begriga kaCaroline abudluli amasentimitha angama-40. Isisindo sale nyoni cishe ngamakhilogremu ayi-0.5.

Osprey

Kubhekiselwa kwi-hawk. Igama lale nyoni lalisetshenziswa amaSlavs ukuqoka amakhosikazi asendlini angama-savvy. Akusizanga ngalutho ukuthi umndeni wasebukhosini wamaSkopins-Shuyskys ukhona. Izibongo ezihlonishwayo zinikezwa inkosi.

Ubude be-osprey bufika ngamasentimitha angama-58, bunesisindo esingama-1.5 kilos. Iphiko lingamasentimitha angama-170.

I-osprey inekhanda elimhlophe, intamo, isifuba, isisu. Umzimba ongaphezulu namaphiko enyoni ansundu. Kukhona ibhendi enamachaphaza entanyeni.

Isiliva gull

Ukugoba kogongolo kunophawu olubomvu. Ikhanda lenyoni limhlophe. Umbala wonke we-feathery ungwevu.

Igolide lesiliva licishe libe ngamasentimitha angama-60. Le nyoni inesisindo esingu-1.5 kilos. Ezindaweni zokubhukuda, abamele lezi zinhlobo bayazinza uma kunezindawo ezivulekile, ezandisiwe.

Kozodoy

Lokhu inyoni ezidlekeni ezibhukudaukukhetha izindawo ezingaphandle. Igama kungenxa yenkolelo. Ezinsukwini zakudala bekukholelwa ukuthi ezinamakhaza ebusuku ziphuza ubisi lwezimbuzi futhi zibangele ukungaboni. Inganekwane. Idla kuphela izinambuzane futhi ayixhumene nokuphazamiseka okubukwayo ezinkomeni.

Izinambuzane ziya ngokushibilika hhayi nje ekubhukuda kuphela, kodwa nasepulazini. Kungakho abantu babona izimbuzi eduze kwamapeni abo, imihlambi yabo.

Kozodoev mayelana nama-subspecies angama-60. Zonke izinyoni zikusayizi ophakathi nendawo, zinoqhwaku oluncane kepha olunwebekile ngaphansi kwesisekelo somlomo.

Derbnik

Kuyi -concon engajulile. Njengembuzi, ihlala ngaphandle kwezibhukuda, ihlalisa izidleke ezindala zamagwababa. Lezi zokugcina zingahlala nase peatlands.

Phakathi kwama-falcons, i-dabrebnik iyimibala egqamile kunazo zonke, egqamile. Kuxutshwe nempunga, mpunga omnyama, onsundu, izimpaphe eziphuzi.

Umzimba we-derbnik ufinyelela amasentimitha angama-35, futhi isisindo ngama-270 amagremu. Njengoba kufanele kube yi-falcon, izinsikazi zilingana nesithathu kakhulu kunabesilisa.

I-Arama

Le crane yabelusi, ihlala emaxhaphozini aseNingizimu Melika. Ubude obunamaphawu ngamasentimitha angama-66. I-Aram inesisindo cishe i-1 kilogalamu.

Umndeni wama-Aram ufaka phakathi izinhlobo zezilwane eziphakathi nendawo phakathi komelusi kanye nokhokho. Kamuva, izinyoni zaseNingizimu Melika ziyefana ekwakhekeni komzimba naphezu kwamaplamu. Idivaysi yokugaya ukudla ihlangana nezinhlaka zezinkomo.

I-Krachka -inca

I-Akin kuya kwezinyoni zasolwandle. Hlala inyoni ngamaxhaphozi ngezimila obukhulu. Indawo yokuhlala yezinhlobo ezinkulu yiMelika.

IKrachka-Inca ibizwa nangokuthi i-mustachioed, njengoba izimpaphe ezondile, ezigobekile zilenga nhlangothi zombili zoqhwaku. Baba yisizathu sesinye isidlaliso - i-hussar.

Amadevu ama-Inca aqabula ngemuva ingemuva lensimbi. Uqhwaku nezidladla zenyoni zibomvu. Ngobude, inyoni ingafinyelela amasentimitha angama-40, kepha ayinasisindo esingaphezu kwama-250 amagremu.

Ama-Inca Krachk ngababili ubude bamadevu abo. Zingafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-5. Izinyoni ezinomfazi amadevu amade nomunye, zinikeza amaphuphu amade. Inzalo yama-terns enamadevu amafushane kuyaqabukela ikhula ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-30 ubude.

Hhayi iNingizimu Melika kuphela ecebile ngamachibi. Kukhona abaningi babo eRussia. Ezweni kugxiliwe ama-37% awo wonke amaxhaphozi emhlabeni. Ikakhulu iningi labo eSiberia. Akumangazi ukuthi izinyoni eziningi zemashi zivela eSouth America naseRussia.