Futhi-ke, izinhlanzi ziphefumula umoya-mpilo oqukethwe emanzini. Lokhu kwenzeka ngosizo lwesitho esikhethekile sokuphefumula - okuthi gill, okuthi lapho kuhlangana kube ngezimo ezahlukahlukene. Njengomthetho, ama-gill slits akhiwe ezinhlangothini (cishe ama-4-5 ama-pair of gill lobes). Ukugeza kwamanzi nokudlula ku-gill kukhipha umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe kuwo bese kuthatha i-carbon dioxide ekhishwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umoya-mpilo usatshalaliswa emzimbeni wezinhlanzi.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo ezithile zezinhlanzi zase-aquarium ezingaphefumula isikhumba noma zingene emoyeni phakathi kwebhoda elintantayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona okubizwa ngokuthi ukuphefumula kwamathumbu, okuphethwe yi-aquarium catfish (amachashazi e-catfish corridoraus) ne-looser, angawuthola umoya ungene emathunjini.
Futhi lapha sithola embuzweni osithandayo! Ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zinezitho ezikhethekile ezitholwa nomoya-mpilo. Enye yalezi zinhlaka yi-gaze Maze, abanikazi bayo abangabomndeni ka-LABYRINTH. ILabyrinth iyisitho esikhethekile sokuphefumula esivumela umoya-mpilo ukuba udonswe ngokuqondile emoyeni. Izinhlanzi ezi-Labyrinth zithatha umoya, ziyigwinye ingaphezulu kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke, izinhlanzi ezinjalo azidingi i-aquarium aeration! Kodwa-ke, uma ukufinyelela kwamanzi kuvaliwe, inhlanzi enjalo izofa ngokushesha. Uhlobo luni lwezinhlanzi ezi-labyrinth ezingaphila ngaphandle komoya-mpilo, nazi:
Ngokwezibalo zeFanFish, IBetta iyaqaqamba - inhlanzi ethandwa kakhulu ye-aquarium. Umzuzwana ngamunye uqala uhambo lwakhe ezweni le-aquarium ngokunembile nge-cockerel. Ukusuka lapho inkundla yamathuna ama-cockerels imane ingenamkhawulo. Ngalesi siqeshana sevidiyo, besifuna ukuheha inkinga.
Bhalisela isiteshi sethu se-You Tube ukuze ungaphuthelwa lutho
Yini izinhlanzi ezingaphila ngaphandle komoya-mpilo
Kwi-Intanethi, abantu abaningi kakhulu bazama ukuthola impendulo yombuzo, iziphi izinhlanzi ezingaphila ngaphandle komoya? Noma kunjalo, impendulo ayihambelani ncamashi. Akunakwenzeka ukuthola okungenani isidalwa esisodwa esiphilayo esingayenza ngaphandle komoya-mpilo. Kepha kukhona ezinye izakhamizi ze-aquarium ezingaphila ngaphandle kohlelo lokuvuselela amanzi.
Umehluko phakathi kwezinhlanzi ukuthi ezinye zazo zibekezelela ngokuthobeka amanzi anqabile futhi zingaphefumula igesi yasemkhathini. Ngenxa yekhono lazo, zithathwa njengezinzima kakhulu futhi ezingenakukhathazeka ekunakekelweni. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezakhamizi ezinjalo, kepha, ngeshwa, kude kakhulu nokwakwazi ukujwayela impilo yasemanzini:
- I-Aquarium catfish noma okhalweni. Lezi zinhlanzi zisebenzisa ukuphefumula kwamathumbu umoya womoya. Lokhu kulula. I-catfish ikhuphukela phezulu, igwinye umoya bese icwila phansi.
- ILabyrinth. Bathola igama labo ngenxa yemishini yokuphefumula eyingqayizivele, ebizwa nangokuthi yi-maze gill. Inqubo yokufakwa komoya ifana nenketho yangaphambilini. Abamele abaziwa kakhulu e-aquarium yilezi: abesilisa, i-gourami, imalalius, ama-macropods.
Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ze-aquarium ezingadingi umoya-mpilo
Umbuzo uwukuthi, yiziphi izinhlanzi ezingaphila ngaphandle komoya-mpilo, azilungile. Zonke izinto eziphilayo zidinga umoya. Futhi izinhlanzi ze-aquarium ngaphandle kwe-oxygen ngeke zisinde. Futhi izinhlobo zezinto ezingenza ngaphandle komoya-mpilo emhlabeni azikho.
Noma kunjalo, kunezinhlanzi eziguqulwe ngenkathi zisemanzini nge-O satellite ephansi2uphefumula emoyeni osemkhathini. Izinhlobo ezinjalo, lapho ziphila ngemvelo, zithanda imizimba yamanzi emile. Izinhlanzi ezingadingi i-oxygen encibilikisiwe endaweni yasemanzini zinezitho ezithile zokuphefumula - izimbambo zamathumbu noma i-gill labyrinth.
Izinhlanzi ezijwayelekile zimunca ama-molecule we-oxygen asakazeke emanzini, ngoba asebenzisa lokhu gill. Izibalo ze-gill ezitholakala ezinhlangothini zombili zekhanda zinezikhonkwane ezibunjiwe ezi-4 noma ezi-5. Amanzi ahamba agobhoze, anikeze umoya-mpilo emzimbeni, athathe isikhutha.
Kepha ezinye izinhlobo zinikezwa ngohlelo lobuqili lokuphefumula lobuqili. Yikuphi izinhlanzi ezingadingi i-oksijini e-aquarium:
- Kuguqulwe ukuthatha umoya ebhodini lokubhukuda (njenge-polytherus - omele umndeni wakwa-Multi-Feather wasendulo).
- Ukuba nokuphefumula kwamathumbu (lezi ezinye ze-catfish kanye ne-loachworms).
- Ukuba ne-maze gill - isitho esidonsa i-oksijini sisemkhathini (njenge-xenopoma).
Abamele iqembu lokugcina babizwa ngokuthi izinhlanzi ezi-labyrinth. Baphila ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwe-compressor, kepha uma umnikazi avale i-aquarium ngesivimbo, evimba ukungena komoya wasemkhathini, bayokufa.
Uma ithangi ngaphandle kwesihlungi ne-aeration kukhethiwe, ukuhlanza nokuyigcina kufanele kube okuphelele. Amanzi aguqulwa amahlandla ama-2 noma ama-3 ngenyanga. Bathatha u-30% we-ketshezi, bathulule amanzi ahlanzekile futhi axazululiwe izinsuku ezimbili. Akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa uketshezi ngaphandle kokuxazulula, lokhu kuzoholela ekufeni kwenhlanzi. Babuye bahlanze njalo inhlabathi nge-siphon futhi balawule inani labantu ngamunye ukuze kungabikho ukubuswa okuningana.
Okulandelayo uhlu lwazo izinhlanzi ezingaphila ngaphandle komoya-mpilo kanye nesihlungi.
Gourami
Lapho bethi yiziphi izinhlanzi ezihlala ngaphandle komoya-mpilo e-aquarium, zingokuqala ukusho i-gourami ethandwayo nenhle. Bangenza ngaphandle kwe-oksijini ngokuphelele amahora angama-6-8, yize besebenza kungakufanele ukubheka ukuthi zingaki izilwane ezifuywayo eziphila ukuze zingalimazi impilo yazo.
Ama-Gourami akathobeki, alungele abaqalayo bamanzi asemanzini, anobungane futhi ayadlala, ahlanganyele nabanye abahlali abathanda ukuthula be-aquarium yezinhlobo eziningi.
Izincomo zokuqukethwe kweGurami:
- IVolumu yeta - kusuka ku-50 l, ubude - ukusuka ku-0.5 m,
- Ukuba khona kwezimila ezintantayo zokuqhakaza,
- Ukuba khona kwezindawo zokukhosela,
- Umhlabathi omnyama, ogcizelela ukukhanya kwemibala yezinhlanzi,
- Ukudla okuhlukahlukene ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ngokweqile.
IBetta iyaqaqamba
I-cocamrel yaseSiamese ingummeleli ogqamile we-maze. Idonsa ama-bubble omoya, iwelele emanzini.
Inhlanzi ye-aquarium ihlala iminyaka emi-3-4. Yehlisa izimo, kepha amanzi kufanele ahlanzeke. Uma ithangi linamandla angaphezu kwamalitha ayi-10, khona-ke amanzi ayaguqulwa kanye ngesonto. Uma umthamo we-aquarium ungaphansi kwama-5 l, khona-ke uketshezi kufanele luguqulwe kabili ngesonto.
Imvamisa ikhukhunathi ligcinwa njengokuwukuphela kwesilwane esifuywayo, kumuntu ngamunye ithangi elinomthamo wamalitha ama-3 lifakwe ngokwanele ukuhlobisa nezimila. Ukwenza izinhlanzi ze-thermophilic zizwe zikhululekile, zakha izinhlaka zemvelo ezifanele: izinga lokushisa 24-26 ° C, acidity 6-7.5 pH nobulukhuni be-5-12 °.
ILyalius
Izinhlanzi ezi-Flocking ziphila cishe iminyaka emi-3, zihlukaniswa ngokuziphatha okuyisizotha nokunamahloni. Ukuze uLilyus azizwe ekhululekile, gcina le mibandela elandelayo:
- Umthamo wethangi ngu-15-20 l,
- Amathanga aminyene odongeni lwangemuva ukuze akhiqizwe kabusha,
- Inhlanganisela yezitshalo nokudla okuphilayo,
- Ukwabelana komakhelwane abanokuthula, ngokwesibonelo, ama-guppies, amadoda asenkemba.
Ukuxhaxha okuvamile
Le nhlanzi ye-aquarium ingabikezela isimo sezulu: lapho ikhathazekile, izimo zezulu zingalindeleka ukuba zimbi.
Phina ukukhetha okujwayelekile. Lapho uyigcina ekhaya, gcina le mibandela elandelayo:
- Ithani 10 l
- Ukuntuleka kokuhlobisa ngemiphetho ebukhali nokusika,
- Izinga lokushisa lisusela ku-5 kuye ku-30 ° C,
- Ukondla kuhlukahlukene.
I-Lyabioz
Izinhlanzi ezinkulu ziziphatha buthule futhi buthule. Ukuhambisana nezinye izinhlobo ezingezona ezinolaka kuphakeme, ngakho-ke inhlanzi ilungele i-aquarium yasekhaya enezinhlobonhlobo.
Izimo ezifanele ze-lyabiosis:
- 10 l wamanzi umuntu ngamunye,
- Izinga lokushisa lingama-25-28 ° C,
- Izimila eziningi ezingaphansi kwamanzi,
- Ukuphakelwa okuncane.
Ama-Macropods
Lapho bahlanganisa uhlu lwazo izinhlanzi ezihlala e-aquarium ngaphandle komoya-mpilo, ngokusobala basho ama-macro-pods - ahlala isikhathi eside, omnivorous, angavikelwa inhlanzi namanzi abandayo. Banendalo ethambile, engaphili, bahlasela izinhlanzi ezincane. Kungcono ukuletha ukuhlunga ku-aquarium. Ukuzalela ekhaya nokuthola i-fry akunzima.
Incazelo yemvelo efanelekile:
- Ukukhanya okuphakathi
- Ukuntuleka kwezindawo zokukhosela lapho izinhlanzi zingabanjiswa,
- Ubukhona bezimila ezintantayo phezu kwamanzi,
- Ukuba khona kwesembozo esivimba ukufinyelela komoya.
I-Acanththalmus
Ukusho ukuthi yiziphi izinhlanzi ezihlala ngaphandle kwe-oksijini e-aquarium, ngokuqinisekile bazokhumbula izakhamizi ezingejwayelekile kakhulu - izinkalo.
I-Acantophthalmus iyi-loach enhle enemigqa. Unokuthula, uzolile, kepha uyakwazi ukuzimela: uyazivikela ngesidenge esibukhali esweni lakhe. Kuholela ekuhlaleni eyedwa benthic.
- Isikhala esincane
- Ukuba khona kwezindawo zokukhosela,
- Ubukhona besembozo somoya esidlulayo.
Ukusho ukuthi yiziphi izinhlanzi ze-aquarium ezingaphila ngaphandle kwe-compressor, i-catfish zivame ukushiwo. Ezinye izinhlobo zithwebula umoya osemkhathini, ezinye azihlupheki ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo nokuqukethwe okuphansi emanzini.
Yini izinhlanzi zomndeni wakwaSomov ezingayenza ngaphandle komoya-mpilo:
- I-Catfish ehlobene inokuphefumula kwamathumbu, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokuthi ivumbulula amanzi, iphakamise izinhlayiya zokudla kusuka phansi, idamu elinesihlungi liyadingeka,
- Imigwaqo ethanda ukuthula ephethe ukuthula nayo iphefumula amathumbu,
- ISack-gill catfish kanye noClarius baphefumula emithanjeni ye gill, futhi bayamangala ukuthi abahlali nje ngaphandle komoya, kodwa futhi ngaphandle kwamanzi isikhathi eside uma kuthatha ukusuka kwelinye ichibi liye kwelinye.
Ama-Blackheads nezinkalo - lezi zinhlanzi ezingenawo umoya-mpilo ku-aquarium zihle kakhulu, kepha zidinga ukuxhaswa.
Yini izinhlanzi ezingaphila ngaphandle kwe-aeration (i-oksijini)
Ezinye izinhlanzi ezingadingi okuqukethwe i-oksijini ephezulu emanzini ziyakwazi ukusebenzisa umoya osemkhathini ngokuphefumula, ngenxa yobukhona bezitho ezikhethekile noma enye indlela (i-gill labyrinth, amathumbu noma ukuphefumula kwesikhumba).
Izinhlanzi eziningi ziphila ngaphandle kokuhlinzekwa komoya-mpilo, kodwa kuphela nge-aquarium evulekile! Ngaphandle kokuthola umoya, izinhlanzi ezinezitho zokuphefumula ezingeziwe ziyafa. Ngakho-ke, ingaphezulu lamanzi akufanele limbozwe ngokuphelele yizitshalo.
Izinhlanzi ezingaphila ngaphandle komoya-mpilo
Ngaphandle kwesihlungi
Lezi izinhlanzi ezi-slide noma i-labyrinth, okuthi, ngesikhathi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo, zikhiqize amapuleti amanye wethambo elenziwa nge-mucous membranes, ngenxa yazo futhi ezikwazi ukusebenzisa umoya wokuphefumula e-aquarium ngaphandle komoya-mpilo. I-Aeration yezinhlanzi ezinjalo ingakhethwa!
ILabyrinths ifaka:
- ama-cockerels (inhlanzi elwayo, i-betta),
- gourami lonke
- xenopoma
- ama-macropods (inhlanzi epharadesi),
- izinkemba
- Imilalabala nabanye.
ILyalius
Ukudoba izinhlanzi kudinga ivolumu elincane umuntu ngamunye. Yehlisa indawo ye-guppy. Umhlambi wabantu abayisithupha ungagcinwa ngamalitha angama-40 nomakhelwane abaningana.
Kanye ngesonto kuyadingeka ukuthi ushintshe amanzi bese uthambisa inhlabathi!
Cockerel
I-betta cockerel ihlala emfishane kodwa ikhanya.
Amabheji amabi alungele ukubhubhisa isihlobo esibuthakathaka, esingenalutho, nesihluku.
- inhlanzi eyodwa 5-10 l uketshezi
- okuphilayo, izitshalo zokwenziwa, izinto zokuhlobisa ziyadingeka ekusakazeni nasekukhoselweni kowesilisa onolaka,
- kudla ukudla okuhlukahlukene, akukhethi. Ukuthengiswa kwezingxube ezikhethekile ezenzelwe ama-cockerels,
- ungahlangani nama-labyrinths.
Izimpawu lapho kunqunywa khona ukuthi izinhlanzi zidinga umoya-mpilo owengeziwe
Uma izinhlanzi zivame ukuqala ukuthatha umoya ebusweni bamanzi, ngisho nalezo ezichitha iningi lempilo yazo ezingxenyeni ezingezansi ze-aquarium, khona-ke lokhu kuyinto ye-alamu. Badinga ngempela umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe emanzini. Yini okufanele uyithathe kuleli cala?
Okokuqala, ulinganise amanzi e-ammonia, nitrites, ne-nitrate. Uma inani lokungcola okulimazayo lenyuka, buyisela amanzi angama-40-50% ngamapharamitha ahlanzekile, amasha futhi amukelekile. Musa ukuwathululela wonke amanzi; kuyabulala izilwane ezifuywayo. Uma amanani e-ammonia ne-nitrate, ama-nitrites ejwayelekile, khona-ke andisa i-aeration bese engeza amatshe omoya emanzini.
Amatshe omoya - kungani futhi obani?
Amatshe omoya avame ukusetshenziswa kuhlelo lokuhlunga kwamanzi, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamatshe, zezimo ezahlukahlukene nosayizi. Ziyadingeka ezinhlanzini eziphefumula isitho esilebhu, zigcwalise amanzi nge-oxygen eyengeziwe. Amatshe amancane ayantanta ebusweni bamanzi ngenxa yokukhanya kwawo nokubukeka okuntantayo. Amatshe anesisindo esikhulu angabekwa odongeni olungasemuva lwe-aquarium, ngaphezu kwalokho aluhlobisa.
Okubhaliwe
Iningi lezinhlanzi ezi-labyrinth azivezi zinkinga ezithile kokuqukethwe kwazo. Umthamo wendawo abahlala kuyo awudlali indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Njengezinhlanzi ezingadingi i-oksijini, ziphakamisa imibandela ethile yokulungiswa kwazo:
- Izinga lokushisa lamanzi e-aquarium kufanele libe ngu-24-27 ° C.
- Inhlabathi esetshenzisiwe kufanele ibe mnyama ngombala - lokhu kuthuthukisa umbala wezinhlanzi ezi-labyrinth, ezigcizelela ubuhle bazo.
- Izinsikazi zalo mndeni zidinga uhlaza obukhulu ukuze kube nendawo yokucasha kwabesilisa abanolaka.
Izinhlanzi zeLabyrinth azikhethi ngokukhethekile ngokudla futhi zidla ngokuzithandela kukudla okubukhoma, futhi komile noma eqandisiwe.
Ukuze kube nokuthula nokuzola ku-aquarium, amanzi kufanele abe “amadala”; esikhundleni samanzi kuvuselela inkambiso yokuzalwa futhi kubangele ulaka.
Abantu abangayidingi i-O2
Zonke izinhlanzi zidonsa umoya-mpilo. Umehluko ohlelweni lokufaka. Umuntu udinga amanzi angena kahle kulokhu, kanti amanye adinga ukufinyelela komoya-mpilo ebusweni.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukungabikho kwe-aeration kanye nokuhlunga kufaka ukwanda kwenani lokukhohlisa njengokuhlanza nge-siphon, ukuguqula amanzi, nokwenza izivivinyo.
Ngosizo lokuhlolwa, ungathola okuqukethwe kwezinto eziwusizo nezilimazayo endaweni yokugcina amanzi, ngokwesibonelo, i-nitrogen, eyingozi enhlanzini.
Emvelweni wemvelo, izakhamizi zezidumbu zamanzi ezimile, ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni engaphansi kwendawo, zisebenzisa ukuphefumula kwesikhumba. Izinga lokusebenzisa i-oksijini esikhunjeni salezinhlanzi ezinjalo lifinyelela ku-80%, inani elijwayelekile lifinyelela ku-20%.
Ezinye izinhlanzi zingaphila futhi zizizwe zikhululekile ngaphandle kwe-aeration, kepha zingaphansi kokuhlunga okuhle.
Spike ezejwayelekile
ICobitis taeni - isatshalaliswa kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Igama elitholwe ngenxa yesimilo sesici emagemeni.
Ngaphambi kokuba isimo sezulu sishintshe, inhlanzi iqala ukukhathazeka, ukubhukuda ngenkuthalo, imvamisa ibamba umoya ebusweni. Esimweni esizolile, inhlanzi nayo iphefumula umoya osemkhathini, kepha ayikhuphuki ebusweni kaningi.
Umoya ugxilisiwe engxenyeni ephakathi yesisu, futhi wedlulela engxenyeni engemuva, ucebisa igazi nge-oksijini, ngokusebenzisa ama-capillaries amancane akhiwe emathunjini.
Lezi zinkomba zihlobene futhi zincike ezimweni zokuphila.. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, uma amanzi e-aquarium emibi ku-oksijini, khona-ke izinkalo ziyazikhipha emoyeni.
Kukhona umcabango, osuselwa kuwo, umndeni wezinkalo ezinomshini wokuphefumula wamathumbu ukuze ungasukumi phezulu kwamanzi. Futhi umoya wabo ogwinyiwe uphakama emathunjini, futhi izinkalo ezikhukhulayo ziyantanta ziye phezulu.
USomiki
Izinhlanzi ezidumile zabathandi be-aquarium. Kukholelwa ukuthi ama-catfish awadingi moya, kepha lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele.
Kunezinhlobo ezidonsa umoya-mpilo ezivela emkhathini, kukhona ama-catfish angadingi ukugcwala komoya ophefumulwayo. Isibonelo, ama-catfish acwebezelayo anokuphefumula kwamathumbu, akhiqiza umoya-mpilo ovela emoyeni wasemkhathini.
Ama-Catfish ahlala ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zezidumbu zamanzi. Uhamba njalo ngapha nangapha bese ujikisa inhlabathi, phakamisa umswakama kusuka phansi. Iphampu yokuhlunga e-aquarium ene-catfish izonikeza hhayi kuphela ukuhlunga, kodwa futhi nokucebisa kwamanzi nge-oxygen.
Isihlungi
Ama-catfish athambile futhi ashisayo ayakwazi ukuqoqa umoya engxenyeni ekhethekile yesisu. ISack-gill catfish kanye noClarius basebenzisa imithambo ye-supra-gill yokuphefumula. Lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo zingaphila isikhathi eside hhayi nje ngaphandle komoya-mpilo, kepha futhi ngaphandle kwamanzi. Emvelweni, zihamba ngale ndlela zisuka kwesinye isihlambi ziye kwesinye.
Okudume kakhulu phakathi kwezasolwandle ama-catfish aphansi, ngokwesibonelo, ikati lezinhlanzi. Imvamisa basebenza njenge- “oda” lezindawo ezigcinwa ezindlini, kuqedwe izinsalela zokudla. Kepha, njengabahlali abangaphansi, bayasiza ukukhuphula izinsolo kusuka phansi, kudaka amanzi. E-aquarium enabantu abaningi be-catfish, ukuhlunga kuyadingeka.
Iningi lezinhlanzi zisebenzisa ukuphefumula kwesikhumba. Ezakhamuzini zamadamu amile anamanzi afudumele, le nkomba ingafinyelela ku-80% uma iqhathaniswa ne-10-20% ejwayelekile. Omncane akafuneki kangako kwi-aeration. Lawa ama-catfish, ama-blackheads.
Izinhlanzi ezidinga isihlungi, kepha ezingenza ngaphandle kokufaka, zifaka:
Izimo ezidingekayo
Ama-Aquariums ngaphandle kokuhlunga kanye ne-aeration adinga ukugcinwa ngokuphelele, kufaka phakathi:
- ukukhetha okuhle kwezilwane ezifuywayo, kucatshangelwa izinhlobo zezinhlobo (ulaka, usayizi, izimo zokuphila),
- ukuhlanza njalo nge-siphon,
- Ukushintsha kwamanzi okuyingxenye zonke izinsuku ezingama-2-3,
- ukulawula okuqinile kwenani lezakhamizi ukuvikela ukwanda okukhulu,
- ukuncipha ngesikhathi esifanele kwezitshalo zasemanzini ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana echibini lasekhaya,
- Ukuqapha ngokucophelela isimo sezilwane ezifuywayo ukuze kukhonjwe isikhathi ngezinkinga nezifo.
Izinhlanzi ezidinga isihlungi nomoya-mpilo ngokwazo
Kukhona ukudideka kokuthi ama-barbs ne-Goldfish nawo angahlala ngaphandle kwesihlungi ne-oxygen, kepha akunjalo. Kubo, imishini eyengeziwe iyadingeka (isihlungi, i-compressor)!
Ama-barbs alungele amathangi amancane, ikakhulukazi amancane.
Kepha ama -fishfish asemanzini amancane noma ayindilinga azophila ngamafushane kakhulu kunesikhathi esinikezwe yimvelo, ngisho nokunakekelwa okuthuthukisiwe.
Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo
Akunandaba ukuthi izinhlanzi azikhathaleli kangakanani, ziphila ngaphandle kokucebiswa okwengeziwe komoya, nazo zingabhekana nokuntuleka kwayo. Okuqukethwe komoya okubucayi emanzini ezinhlotsheni zonke zezakhamizi ezingaphansi kwamanzi kuhlukile.
- ukuphefumula ngokushesha, “okukhombisa” ukuphefumula,
- izinhlanzi zibhukuda ngaphezulu futhi zigwinye umoya
- ngisho nezinhlanzi ezingaphansi zivame ukugwinya umoya ngaphezulu,
- ukuncipha komsebenzi wezilwane ezifuywayo,
- ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukugqama kombala kuyancipha, ukumelana nezifo, ukukhula kuncipha.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-oksijeni enhlanzini e-aquarium kuyakhuphuka ngemuva kokudla, ngokwanda kwamazinga okushisa kwamanzi, ebusuku, ikakhulukazi phambi kwezimila eziminyene. Zonke izitshalo zasemanzini zidonsa umoya-mpilo ebumnyameni.
Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokusindisa izinhlanzi ezihlushwa i-oksijini ukufaka i-compressor ngetshe lomoya. Ukugeleza komoya kuyawucwilisa, bese kukhuphukela phezulu, kuxubanise amanzi bese kugcwalisa umoya-mpilo. E-aquarium encane, i-compressor kungenzeka ingagxili, kepha ibe yesikhashana ukugcina umhlobiso. Kwanele ukuyixhuma imizuzu engama-40 ngosuku (noma uma kudingekile) futhi uyihlanze kuze kube isikhathi esilandelayo. Ngaso leso sikhathi, amanzi ompompi akufanele athathwe! Kumele ixazululwe.
Uma izinyathelo zesikhashana zingasizi, imishini yokuma iyadingeka ukuze umoya-mpilo ungene e-aquarium - i-compressor kanye nesihlungi. Kudingeka isihlungi ukuhlanza amanzi kumanyolo, ukubola kwawo okuthatha ingxenye enkulu komoya-mpilo. Amandla nohlobo lokuhlunga kuya ngethamo lethangi - isihlungi sangaphandle siyadingeka nge-500-litre, kanti eyangaphakathi yanele nge-50-litre.
Isiphetho
Ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izinhlanzi ze-aquarium ezihlala ngaphandle kokuhlinzekwa oksijini okwengeziwe, kwanele ukukhumbula ukuthi kufanele zibe nezitho zokuphefumula, ngaphandle kwama-gill, noma zingazithobi. Izakhamizi ezinjalo ezingaphansi kwamanzi zihlukahlukene ngemibala nokuziphatha. Ama-guppies asebenzayo, asebenzayo nawo ayabonakala ngokugqamile futhi ayanda. Ama-gourati angaphambi kokuvikela insimu ngenkani. Phakathi kwabesilisa abanjengezimpi kunabantu ababukeka kahle kakhulu. Futhi kulula ngamadoda ezinkemba ukuthatha omakhelwane.
Wonke umuntu angakha ikona lezilwane zasendle ekhaya!
Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi eziphila ngaphandle komoya-mpilo
Ngithanda ukuqaphela ukuthi asikho isidalwa esiphilayo esisodwa esingakwazi ukuqhubeka nempilo yaso ngaphandle komoya. Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwezinhlanzi ze-aquarium kukhona abamele abangakwazi ukuphefumula umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe emanzini e-aquarium, kodwa bawathole emoyeni womkhathi. Ama-Macropods, izinkalo kanye nama-labyrinths ayakwazi ukudonsa umoya ebusweni bamanzi futhi awubambe emizimbeni yawo isikhashana.
Ama-loos angangena umoya emathunjini. Omunye wabamele izinhlanzi ezinjengamakhasethi e-catfish. Lezi izinhlanzi ezincane cishe ngosayizi ongu-3-7 cm.Ngemuva banegobolondo lamapuleti amathambo. Umbala ovame kakhulu i-grey-olive. Lezi izinhlanzi ezinokuthula ezihambisana kahle nabanye abamele. Zithanda ukucasha ezindaweni zokukhosela, zivame ukugaya umhlabathi lapho zifuna khona ukudla.
Hlanganisa cishe izinhlobo ezingama-150 zamakhorali. Okuvame kakhulu njengeGolide, imabala, i-panda, i-stbana, i-adolfi, ingwe, iVenezuela.
Isilinganiso sokuphila okujwayelekile salolu hlobo lwe-catfish yiminyaka eyi-10-12.
Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zeMacropod kanye ne-labyrinth zinethuluzi elikhethekile lama-gill, elibavumela nokuthi bagwinye umoya ebusweni. Cabanga ngabamele abathobekile kakhulu nabajwayelekile.
UBetta Cockerel
Izinhlanzi ezinhle kakhulu, noma zinolaka, azihlangani kahle nomakhelwane bazo. Inhlanzi eyodwa idinga amalitha ama-5- 10 wamanzi. Abesilisa bayamangaza. Izingxube ezikhethekile zokuphakela zona ziyatholakala ukuze zithengiswe. E-aquarium, izimila kufanele zibe khona ukuze izinsikazi zibe nendawo ethile yokuphephela ngesikhathi sokuqhuma, kanye nakowesilisa onolaka.
Bangaki abangaphila ngaphandle komoya
Esigabeni esedlule, sithole ukuthi azikho izidalwa eziphilayo ezingaphila ngaphandle komoya.
Uma abakhileyo be-aquarium yakho bengabameli bezinhlobo ezixoxwe ngenhla, ke ungakhathazeki. Zenzelwe ukuziphilisa ngamanzi ngaphandle kwe-aeration.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlanzi eziningi ezidinga umoya-mpilo emanzini, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke zisinde. Kwesinye isikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi amalambu acinyiwe, amadivayisi ase-aquarium angasebenzi. Umbuzo onengqondo uphakama - zingaki izinhlanzi ezinjalo ezingamelana ngaphandle komoya.
Ayikho impendulo eyodwa. Konke kuya ngesibalo se-aquarium yakho, ubukhona bezimila kuyo.
Uma izimiso zamanzi enhlanzini eyodwa ziyahlonishwa, i-aquarium ingagcwele, kunezitshalo eziphilayo kuyo, khona-ke singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi inhlanzi izophila amahora amaningi.
I-algae ephilayo ikhiqiza umoya-mpilo, okuthi, yize ungakanani ngezinga elincane kunamadivayisi akhethekile, ugcwalise amanzi.
Zingaki izinhlanzi engingahlala kuzo
Lo mbuzo kunzima ukuwuphendula ngokungathandeki. Indima ebalulekile idlalwa bobabili usayizi we-aquarium uqobo nosayizi wezilwane ezifuywayo. Lapho izinhlanzi zikhula zinkudlwana, inani lamanzi kufanele liwele kumuntu oyedwa. Isibonelo, inhlanzi engu-5 cm, amalitha amabili amanzi anele. Uma inhlanzi ingu-8-10 cm, khona-ke cishe amalitha ama-5 ayadingeka. Kubantu abakhulu, ubukhulu bawo bungaphezu kuka-12 cm, udinga amalitha ayishumi amanzi lilinye.
Noma kunjalo, kunokuhluka okuningi kulo mthetho. Uma une-aquarium ephansi futhi ebanzi, khona-ke isibalo sezinhlanzi singandiswa, ngoba amanzi akuyo agcwala umoya-mpilo. Uma uhlela ukuthola noma yiziphi izinhlobo ze-labyrinth zezinhlanzi, khona-ke inani labantu lingangezelelwa. Kepha uma ufuna ukuzala i-Goldfish, lapho-ke bazoba ngcono uma umuntu ngamunye eba namanzi amaningi, ngoba akhiqiza imfucuza eningi.
Uma izinhlanzi zingasebenzi, khona-ke amanzi isilwane ngasinye adinga okungaphansi kokusebenza kwezinhlanzi eziningi ezisebenzayo.
Ukutholakala kwe-filtration kanye ne-compressor kuthinta nenani lezinhlanzi ezise-aquarium. Uma unayo yonke imishini edingekayo, khona-ke inani lezinhlanzi lingandiswa, ngoba amanzi e-aquarium enjalo ahlanzwa, nomoya ugcwala umoya-mpilo.
Ukwakheka kwe-aquarium kubalulekile. Abantu abaningi bathanda ama-aquariums ayindilinga. Ngempela, muhle, ulungele ukungena ngaphakathi kwezangaphakathi. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi akuwona wonke angafakwa kumadivayisi adingekayo. Isibonelo, i-aquarium encane eyindilinga, cishe amalitha ama-5 ngosayizi, eyenziwe ngesimo sengilazi, ayiyilungelanga indawo yokuhlala izinhlanzi unomphela. Isetshenziselwa kangcono ukugijimisa okwesikhashana.
Ngokuvamile, kuma-aquariums ayindilinga, izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezinjenge-catfish, ama-cockerels, ama-laliuse afanele kakhulu. Ubuningi bokuhlala kwabo kufanele kubhekwe ngokususelwa ezimfanelweni zenhlanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakhohlwa ukuthi e-aquarium kunezinhlanzi kuphela, kodwa futhi nomhlabathi, ulwelwe. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukukhipha amaphesenti we-10-15 kusuka kumthamo we-aquarium, bese kuphela ukubala inani labantu.
Ukudoba izinhlanzi kudinga amanzi amaningi, ngakho-ke kufanele uwagcine ezindaweni ezinamanzi amakhulu. Izinhlanzi ezinolaka nazo zidinga indawo enkulu.
Lapho ugcwalisa i-aquarium, zama ukuthi ube nezakhamizi zazo zonke izingqimba.
Akunzima ukubathola: uma umlomo uphakanyisiwe - ungqimba ongenhla ulinganiselwe - phakathi, ubheka phansi - phansi.
Ngokunikezwa konke lokhu kunconywa, ungakha i-ecosystem yangempela efulethini lakho lapho zonke izakhamizi zalo zizoba ntofontofo.
Ungayinakekela kanjani i-aquarium
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Aquarium kubandakanya ukugeza njalo kwesiponji sokuhlunga. Ama-detergents awakwazi ukusetshenziswa, geza ngamanzi kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthenga i-siphon yenhlabathi futhi uyisebenzise ukuhlanza. Ukunakekela i-aquarium kuhilela ukushintshwa kwamanzi okwesikhashana.
Uma i-aquarium yakho ingafakwanga ngesihlungi futhi i-aeration, idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Shintsha amanzi kuwo kaningi kunokuba uwahlomise ngezinto zikagesi. Ngokwesilinganiso, le nqubo yenziwa izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngenyanga. Amaphesenti ama-20-30 amanzi asuswa e-aquarium, futhi amanzi ahlanzekile, ahlanzekile athululelwa endaweni yawo. Awukwazi ukuthulula amanzi ngokuqondile empompini, inhlanzi ingafa. Kufanele ame izinsuku ezimbili.
Kwividiyo elandelayo, ungajwayelana nezici zokulungiswa nokunakekelwa kwe-cockerel yezinhlanzi zase-aquarium.
Yikuphi okufuywayo akudingi i-compressor
Izinhlanzi ze-Aquarium ziyakwazi ukukhipha ama-molecule we-oxygen emanzini. Le nqubo yokuhlukanisa yenziwa ngama-gill. Amanzi adlula ezinhlamvwini ezi-4 noma ezi-5 ezibunjiwe akhipha i-O2 futhi ngasikhathi sinye asuse i-carbon dioxide eqoqiwe. Kusukela kuma-gill, ama-molecule we-oxygen atholakala emzimbeni wonke.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingaphefumlela esikhunjeni, noma umoya owakhayo esilinganisweni sokubhukuda. Ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezinjenge-aquarium catfish, ezinamandla okuphefumula emathunjini.
Emzimbeni womndeni wezinhlanzi we-labyrinth kukhona isitho esithile sokuphefumula - okubizwa ngokuthi yi-labyrinth, esikuvumela ukuba uthole inani elifanele lomoya-mpilo ovela emkhathini. Isilwane silapha sinqenqemeni lwamanzi futhi siginya umoya. Ama-Labyrinths awadingi i-aeration eyengeziwe yamanzi.
Umoya-mpilo nomoya
Okokuqala, sizobheka ukuthi inhlanzi iphefumula kanjani. Omunye uzosho ukuthi le yisayensi yemvelo esikoleni samabanga aphansi, ukuthi isisekelo, futhi othile uzocabanga ngayo. Ngakho-ke, siyachaza. Izinhlanzi (ngaphandle kwamalebhu, ngokwesibonelo) ziphefumula umoya-mpilo. Ngakho-ke ama-guppies aphile ngaphandle komoya, aphile futhi azophila.
Kulandela kulokhu ukuthi njengoba izinhlanzi ziphefumula umoya-mpilo, azikwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwawo. Izinsana azilula kangako. Lezi zinhlanzi zijabule kakhulu futhi azikhathaleli ukuthi ziyaphila ngisho nasemanzini anokuqukethwe komoya ophelele.
Ukugcina i-gupeshka esitsheni kuvunyelwe kuphela lapho ususa noma uhlanza i-aquarium enkulu.
Impela wonke umuntu unendaba yokuthi ezingubeni zakhe ezikude zobuntwana bahlala kanjani naye embizeni enamalitha amathathu, ngaphandle kwendali futhi wazizwa emnandi. Ukuphila - yebo, akukho ukuphikisana. Kepha angikungabazi kakhulu inhlala-kahle yami. Ngokuntuleka komoya-mpilo, ama-guppies aqothuka, anciphise, abe mancane futhi, njengoba kulindelekile, athambekele esifo. Uma ungeyena umuntu we-flayer, khona-ke uzozama ukwenza impilo yesilwane sakho se-aquarium ibe sezingeni eliphezulu futhi esezingeni eliphezulu. Izimpungushe zalesi sidingo:
- Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elijwayelekile lingama-degrees angama-24,
- Ukufakwa esikhundleni masonto onke kuze kufinyelele kuma-25% wamanzi we-aquarium ngentsha,
- Ubunzima kuhla olungu-10 kuye ku-25 ° dH,
- Amandla kusuka kumalitha angama-20 ngomndeni omncane ngamunye,
- Ukuba khona kwezitshalo eziphilayo.
Funda kabanzi ngokuqukethwe kwe-guppy efanele kwiwebhusayithi yethu.
Ayini amatshe ka-oxygen
Unganikeza i-aquarium ngamatshe we-oxygen. Isixazululo esinjalo sizogcwalisa amanzi ngegesi elanele lempilo ejwayelekile yezinhlanzi ezise-aquarium.
Amatshe mancane, atantanta ebusweni bamanzi, futhi makhulu, acwila kuze kube phansi. Ngokuya ngevolumu yedamu, khetha amatshe omoya asayizi ofunekayo, kanye nepampu yesilinganiso esifanele.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa itshe lomoya, kufanele icwiliswe emanzini imizuzu eyi-15. Ngezikhathi ezithile, itshe lidinga ukugezwa.
I-Aeration ku-aquarium - isisekelo se-biofiltration
I-Aeration ukunyakaza komfudlana wamanzi, ngenxa yalokho kuthunyelwe ngomoya-mpilo. Ngesikhathi sale nqubo, umoya ovela emkhathini udlula ekujobeni kongqimba lwamanzi, uhlukaniswe ngama-bubble amancane, okuthi, lapho uhlangana namanzi, ugcwalise umoya-mpilo (O2). Inani elikhulu lama-bubble lizokunikeza i-oksijini engcono.
Esimweni semvelo, i-aeration ivele imane nje - imimoya, okhiye abangaphansi kwamanzi, izitshalo zidala ukugeleza, kepha lokhu akunakwenzeka e-aquarium. Kwindawo evaliwe, umphakeli ophambili we-O2 kungaba yizimila namadivayisi akhethekile enza umfudlana wamanzi onomoya ophefumulwayo. Ngokuthola okujwayelekile emanzini, kuqinisekiswa umsebenzi wokuphila wazo zonke izinto eziphilayo.
Yini inhlanzi engayenza ngaphandle kwamanzi iminyaka
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi izinhlanzi zihlala emanzini futhi azinakuphila ngaphandle kwazo isikhashana. Kepha phakathi kwabameli balesi sigaba kukhona izingcweti ezikhethekile ezingafi, ngokuba ngaphandle kwendawo evamile yokuhlala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banamasu okusinda ngempumelelo ezindaweni eziwugwadule zeplanethi, lapho imifula namachibi kuyisikhathi sonyaka. Sizokhuluma ngezinhlanzi okuthiwa ziphefumula kabili.
Leli yiqembu lasendulo lezinhlanzi ezinamanzi amasha asuka ku-odolo lwezimpondo, ezihlala ezindaweni ezomile zase-Afrika, eNingizimu Melika nase-Australia. Izinhlobo ezi-6 zalezi zidalwa ezimangalisayo zisindile kuze kube namuhla: izinyo elinezimpondo lase-Australia, izinhlobo ezine zezazi zase-Afrika, kanye ne-flake yaseNingizimu Melika. Kuzo zonke izinhlanzi, ukungaphefumuli yizihlobo eziseduzane zama-tetrapods, noma ama-tetrapods. Inhlanzi ethatha indawo yokuphefumula neyamabhulashi, okuyi-coelacanth ingeyayo, ivela kukhokho oyedwa kuma-Devoni, eminyakeni engaba yizigidi ezingama-350 edlule. Amazinyo anamuhla anezimpondo anesakhiwo somzimba esishayayo, esihlukanisa kakhulu kwabanye abamele isigaba sezinhlanzi.
Kulesi sithombe: protopter wase-Afrika
Iqiniso ngukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zinesigaxa samaphaphu, abasikhulisa saba yisitho esenza umsebenzi wamaphaphu, njengezilwane zasemhlabeni. Cishe zonke izinhlanzi zinesinye i-pulmonary bladder, kepha zisetshenziswa, njengomthetho, ukulawula ukujula kokuntywiliselwa. Futhi ezinhlanzini eziphefumula kabili, lesi sitho sisebenza njengesitho sokuphefumula esivula ngasohlangothini lwe-esophagus. Izinyo elinezimpondo linephaphu elilodwa, kanti elinye elinegazi elinamachaphaza amabili.
Lokhu kuvumela ukuphefumula okuphefumulayo kungagcini nje ngokuba khona emachibini nasemifuleni egcwele i-oksijini, kodwa futhi nokuthi uphile ngaphandle kwamanzi. Isikhathi esithile sesomiso, zigobhoza ku-sludge emanzi bese ziba hibernate ngaphambi kwenkathi yemvula. Ngasikhathi sinye, njengakwezinye izilwane ezisesimweni sokumiswa kokugqwayiza, izinqubo zomsebenzi obalulekile ziyehla kuzinyo olunezimpondo, azinawo amanzi nokudla izinyanga ezithile. Futhi abanye abamele le nyunyana, njengama-protopter ase-Afrika, bayakwazi ukuchitha kuze kube iminyaka engu-4 besesimweni sokulala ngokuqinile.
Esithombeni: izinyo lase-Australia elinophondo noma i-barramunda
I-Australia Horned Tooth noma i-Barramundus iyodwa kuphela omele izimbangi kuleli lizwekazi kanye nokuphela kwalo. Le yinhlanzi enkulu efinyelela ku-175 cm ubude futhi inesisindo esingama-10 kg. Inomzimba omkhulu, ocindezelwe kusukela ezinhlangothini.Kutholakala kuphela ezigodini zemifula iBurnett naseMary eQueensland enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Australia. Zibonakaliswa inkambo ehamba kancane kanye namathanga amakhulu obukhulu bezimanzi zasemanzini. Amazinyo anezimpondo ahlala kuzo akhuphuka ebusweni njalo ngemizuzu engama-40-50 ukuphefumula umoya. Ngesikhathi sokugcotshwa kwezidumbu zamanzi, zigcinwa emigodini emincane ngamanzi.
Futhi ezwenikazi lase-Afrika kunezinhlobo ezi-4 zama-protopter, ezifanayo komunye nomunye ngendlela yokuphila. Izindawo abahlala kuzo zingamachibi amasha (iChad, iVictoria, iTanganyika namanye) kanye nemifula yase-Afrika eshisayo ikakhulukazi enamanzi amile. Lezi zinhlanzi ezinkulu kakhulu ezinamasayizi omzimba ukusuka kuma-85 kuye kwangama-130 cm. Abavikeli bavame ukukhuphukela phezulu ukugwinya umoya. Kusebenzisa ukuphefumula gill, izinhlanzi ezindala zithola, ngokwesilinganiso, 2% kuphela komoya-mpilo odingekayo, kanti 98% esele ngokuphefumula kwe-pulmonary. Okusho ukuthi, empeleni bayizilwane eziphefumula umoya, kepha zihlala emanzini. Kungokwabavumeli bezimpawu ukuthi into eyingqayizivele emhlabeni wezinhlanzi iyimpawu - hibernation. Bachitha izinyanga ezi-9 befihliwe, futhi nangaphezulu ngesikhathi sezomiso ezinzima. I-protopter hibernation rekhoda yaqoshwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa futhi yaba yiminyaka emi-4. Kungaleso sizathu ukuthi inhlanzi yayinokugqwayiza okulengisiwe ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo.
Izikali zaseMelika ziyefana kakhulu ngesakhiwo nangendlela yokuphila ezihlotsheni zazo zase-Afrika.
Ngaphezu kokubaluleka okukhulu kwesayensi yemvelo, izinhlanzi eziphefumulayo zithakazelisa kakhulu izazi zomzimba kanye nezazi zezinto eziphilayo ezibandakanyekayo ekwakhiweni kwamaphilisi okulala. Ososayensi bethula izinto zisuka ebuchosheni beprotheni yokulala emgundwini welebhu, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho bangena ezingxenyeni ezingama-18 ezimisiwe. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe kule nkomba luyaqhubeka.
Ukuzalanisa iCatfish
Uma kuphela i-catfish ibhukuda ethangini lakho, ungakhathazeki, akumelwe wenze lutho. Futhi uma unezinhlanzi ezixubile, kungcono ukufakela i-catfish esitsheni esihlukile ngamanzi ahlanzekile, kuyathandeka ukuthi ivolumu ingamalitha angama-30- 40.
Imvamisa kowesifazane oyedwa kwanele ukukhetha abesilisa abangama-3-5. Kuyadingeka ukunikeza indawo yabo entsha yokuhlala nge-algae nenhlabathi ethambile.
Ukwenza i-catfish ikhululeke futhi iqale ukushada - shintsha amanzi nsuku zonke izinsuku eziningana. Amazinga okushisa kufanele abe ngu-17-15 ° C. Amanzi wangoMgqibelo anomoya-mpilo kaningi. Ungabeka i-aquarium endaweni emnyama noma uyimboze ngokuthile, ngoba i-catfish ayihambani nosuku. Uma yonke imithetho ilandelwa, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5-7 uzobona umphumela.
Uhlu lwezinhlanzi ezincane ezingathobeki
Yiziphi izinhlanzi zasemanzini ezingenasisekelo eziphumelelayo kumqali ongenasipiliyoni esiningi sokulungiselela i-aquarium? Lapho ufuna ukudala izimo ezinhle ezifuywayo zakho, ungakhetha izinhlanzi ezincane nezinhle ezinokuthula ezinokuhlala kumathangi angenamandla amakhulu.
Ama-guppies angenye yezindlela ezithandwa kakhulu zokuhlobisa e-aquarium. Ngaphandle kukhanya kakhulu, muhle, yi-ponytail enhle. Ingagcinwa emathangini amancane kusuka kumalitha angama-40, ekwazi ukubekezelela ushintsho ngamapharamitha wamanzi. Amanye ama-guppies angamelana nokuntuleka kokuhlunga, i-aeration, izitshalo, yize leyo ndawo inganconyelwanga ngokwezigaba. Izinhlanzi ze-Guppy ziyanda, ziviparous. Hambisana kahle nezinhlanzi ezincane nezinokuthula. Ngalesi sizathu, bebelokhu bethandwa ezweni lethu iminyaka eminingi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibala ehlukahlukene iyashayisa - ungakhetha umhlambi wezinhlanzi ezinemibala ehlukene, inzalo yayo ezoba nombala ogqamile.
Bukela ividiyo emayelana nokugcinwa kwe-guppy, ukunakekelwa nokuzalanisa.
Abaphethe inkemba - baziwa kalula yi-caudal fin, yona emadodeni iphetha “ngenkemba” ezansi yomsila. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamadoda asenkemba: ukuhluka kombala, osayizi, indlela yokuziphatha ifakazela ukuthi yizilwane ezifuywayo ezithakazelisa kakhulu. Inzuzo eyinhloko ukuthi zikhuni, zihlangana nezinhlanzi eziningi zokuhlobisa, ungaphangi imihlobiso ye-aquarium. Kungcono ukuhlalisa ethangini lamalitha angama-20-50, lapho kunezindawo eziningi zokukhosela nezitshalo eziminyene. Abasenkemba bangazimela - bangaxazululwa ngezinhlanzi ezisebenzayo, ezithanda ukuhlukumeza omakhelwane bazo. AmaSwordsmen ayenqenqema ngoba insikazi yalolu hlobo iba yinsikazi ngokuzumayo, imsindise esimweni esibucayi.
Amasondo weSomiki ayizakhamizi ezingazethembi zamakhaya asekhaya. Njengoba wazi, ama-catfish ngokuvamile awasindi ekunakekelweni, futhi azimisele nokusiza ekuhlanzeni ithangi - adla izinsalela zokudla ezidliwe ngohhafu, adla umhlabeleli. Ungaphazamisi omakhelwane babo, njengoba bebhukuda ezingxenyeni ezingaphansi zamanzi. AmaCorridoras angabizwa ngokuthi inhlanzi "ephefumulayo", ngaphezu kokuphefumula gill, athola umoya emathunjini, okuyinto ebasiza ukuba baphile lapho kungekho khona i-aeration. Umlingisi wezinhlanzi uzolile, unokuthula, angaxazululwa ngisho nangezinhlanzi ezinkulu. Kugcinwe kahle emhlambini. Okubi ngalezi zilwane ezifuywayo ukuthi abanye abantu baphatha izimuncagazi nazo uma zigcinwe ngokungalungile ngaphambi kokuthenga. Osayizi babo bancane - kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-10 cm, ukuze ukwazi ukuzulazula ezindaweni ezinamanzi amancane.
AmaMolliesia izinhlanzi ezihlala bukhoma zomndeni wakwaPecilieva. Ukuqina okuqinile, bekezelela ushintsho oluncane ngamapharamitha wamanzi. Kodwa-ke, imizimba yabo ayimelani nomthwalo omubi wezinto eziphilayo - amanzi angcolile, izinga lokushisa lamanzi aphansi, amanzi amasha. Khetha amachibi anosawoti kanye nokukhanya okukhanyayo. Amanye ama-mollies angaxabana nabasiki bezinkemba, ama-barbs. Isimilo sinokuthula, kepha asihlelekanga.
AmaTetras ngomunye umndeni odumile waseKharacin. Ngokungafani namakhorali kanye nama-guppies, ngeke akwazi ukusinda ezimeni eziqinile zokuvalelwa - adinga umoya-mpilo omningi onamanzi ahlanzekile. Ukudoba izinhlanzi, ungazinza ethangini elijwayelekile elinomthamo wamalitha angama-35, umhlambi wabantu abangu-5-6.
I-Gurami - kulula ukuyigcina inhlanzi, ilungele abaqalayo. Badinga izingxenye zomoya-mpilo womoya, ngakho-ke kuzofanela ulandele i-aeration. IGourami ingazimela, idle bukhoma, iqhwa futhi ithele ukudla. Kwesinye isikhathi i-gourami ingaba nolaka maqondana nezinhlobo zayo zezinhlanzi.
Bona ukuthi uqukethe kanjani i-pearl gourami.
IBarbus - ezifuywayo okulula ukuba zinakekele futhi zinakekele, kepha unjani umlingiswa! Banikezwe ukuthi bafunda izinhlanzi esikoleni, bangathola abanye omakhelwane, ikakhulukazi amaphiko aqhakazile futhi aqhakazile. Lawa ma-pirates we-aquariums asekhaya, angakhathaza ngisho nama-cichlid amakhulu, awalungele i-aquarium encane evamile. Izinzuzo zamabha - ukukhuthazela, impilo, ukubukeka okuhle.
I-Slider perch (uphayinaphu noma inhlanzi eshelelayo)
I-Anabas noma inhlanzi eshelelayo
ENdiya kune-perch-slider, nayo engaba ngaphandle kwamanzi isikhathi eside. Lapho indlu yalesi sikhala imile, izinhlanzi ziziphonsa kusilika. Uma ichibi lingagcwali isikhathi eside, khona-ke i-perch ikhasa ukubheka enye indawo yokuhlala.
Kuquleka u-Anabas
I-perch yakhwela emaphanini aqinile atholakala esifubeni, kanye nakwameva ezisezibayeni. Ngabe le nhlanzi iphefumula kanjani? Umoya ungena emgodini oseduze kwama-gill bese ungena ngegazi lapho.
Ukuphefumula inhlanzi
Ezinye izinhlanzi ziyakwazi ukuhlala hhayi emanzini kuphela, kepha nasemhlabeni, phakathi kwazo kukhona abamele umndeni we-Multi-feather (, uNever multi-feather). Ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile se-Swadder bladder, bayakwazi ukudonsa umoya ovela emoyeni bawuphefumule isikhathi eside, ngenxa yalokho bahlala emhlabeni.
Bukela ividiyo emayelana neSenegalese polypterus.
Kukhona nomndeni wezinhlanzi ezidinga i-oksijeni esemkhathini - lezi yizinhlobo zeMacropod. Le yi-aquarium eyaziwayo, i-gourami, i-cockerels, amakholomu, abathwali bezintambo. Abanye abamele lo mndeni banezinto ezihlukile zelebhu, ezikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe futhi uqede umoya-mpilo womoya.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo, kukhona abamele eminye imindeni yezidalwa zasemanzini ezingathola umoya emathunjini. Lokhu kufaka phakathi labo abathola i-O2 ku-anus. Ukuphefumula okungaphakathi ngaphakathi kukuvumela ukusheshisa emanzini ngenxa yengxenye yomoya, ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukubheka ngezikhathi ezithile ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zikhuphuka kanjani ngokushesha futhi emuva phansi.
I-Aquarium O oxygen Generator
Njengoba kungekho zinhlanzi ezinjalo ezingaphila ngaphandle komoya-mpilo, udinga ukuthola ukuthi ingabe izidalwa zasemanzini "eziphefumulayo" zidinga noma yiziphi izimo ezikhethekile zokuboshwa? Yebo, futhi isimo esiyinhloko siyisibopho esiyisisekelo e-aquarium. Izakhamizi ezinjalo zinokuhlala e-aquarium lapho kutholakala khona ukutholakala kwasemkhathini kanye ne-O2 kufakwe emanzini. Njengoba sesihlangene ngohambo olude, i-aerator nayo iyadingeka ukusindisa izimpilo zalezi zilwane ezifuywayo. Igebe phakathi kwesembozo se-aquarium nangaphezulu kwamanzi kufanele kube ngokungajwayelekile ukuze akwazi ukuphefumula engxenyeni yomoya wabo.
Izidakamizwa kanye nokushisa okuphezulu kwamanzi kukuthinta kanjani ukuphuza i-oksijini?
Lapho inhlanzi igula futhi ihlukaniswe yodwa, izidakamizwa zingazisindisa kulesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, esikhundleni sokwengeza izidakamizwa, kuvame ukuthi ukhuphule izinga lokushisa lamanzi ukwenza izinhlanzi ziphilile. Lokhu kusebenza ezinhlotsheni ezishisayo ze-thermophilic, eziba ngamavila futhi zibe buthaka ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphansi echibini. Njengomthetho, lapho izidakamizwa zengezwa, zandisa i-aeration, ngoba izinto zivimbela ukuhamba kwe-oksijini emanzini. Ngakho-ke, ukuba nesihlungi esihle insiza eyengeziwe ezosiza ukushintshaniswa komoya ophefumulayo kulo lonke uzungu lwamanzi.
Amazinga okushisa akhuphukile futhi anciphisa ukuhamba kwe-oksijini emanzini, ngakho-ke i-aeration kufanele ithuthukiswe. Lokhu kubalulekile ezinhlanzini ezinothando olubandayo lwenhlanzi nama-amphibians adinga umoya-mpilo. I-aeration enamandla futhi yehlise izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ku-aquarium ngezinga elamukelekayo izoyilungisa ngokushesha le nkinga.
Ukuhlunga
Uma isihlungi singazihlanganisi zonke izingqimba zamanzi, khona-ke kufanele silungiswe ukuze sibe nokuxokozela okwengeziwe. Kulokhu, ungangeza i-aerator. Lokhu okuthiwa okokuhlunga kwangaphakathi kutholakala odongeni olungasemuva lwe-aquarium, banamandla aqinile, bacindezela umoya-mpilo emanzini. Kepha izihlungi ze-canister aquarium zidinga ukulungiswa ukuze amanzi adonswe futhi ahlanganiswe ebusweni. Ukuhlunga okuphansi akugcwali amanzi nge-oxygen, ngakho-ke iphampu inamathele kubo. Amanzi olwandle omanzi nasendaweni emanzi agcwele amanzi ne-oxygen, ukuxuba amanzi, ngakho-ke, kuyamukeleka ngokwengeziwe.
Bukela ividiyo emayelana nezitshizi ze-aquarium.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma kufanele uhambise inhlanzi ibanga elide?
Ngesikhathi sohambo oluphoqelelwe ebangeni elide nenhlanzi, kufanele uzibeke engcupheni. Ukufaka i-aerator ku-car kubalulekile. Izonikeza inhlanzi umoya-mpilo owanele, futhi idambise ingcindezi. Ungathenga i-aerator / ipompo enamandla ebhethri ezohlala isikhathi eside. Amandla athengiswa kubo, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokusebenza kwawo.
Imiphetho ye-aquarium eyindilinga
Ama-Aquarists anesipiliyoni athanda ama-aquarium angamaxande, kuyilapho angabaza ngamathangi ayindilinga. Uzwa ukuthi i-aquarium eyindilinga ayilulanga ukuyigcina, iyingozi empilweni yenhlanzi, futhi ukuyinakekela ayizithetheleli.
Eqinisweni, okuqukethwe iflask kuneziphazamiso eziningana. Kodwa ukulandela imithetho ethile nokwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlanzi ezifanelekile kuzokuvumela impilo ende yokuqinisekisa impilo entofontofo yezakhamizi. Futhi-ke, kuzoba ngumhlobiso omuhle kakhulu wezangaphakathi.
Izinsiza
Imishini edingekayo ifaka:
Uma i-aquarium eyindilinga nokho inentshisekelo, kusizakala ukuphatha amaphutha ayo, kepha ungayesabi. Okokuqala, nquma ngevolumu. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, umthamo ojwayelekile wamamitha ayizindilinga ngamalitha ayi-10, kepha ungathenga iziqukathi ngamalitha angama-20 noma angama-30.
Uzodinga imishini ekhethekile ukudala indawo ethokomele. Le yi-compressor, isihlungi esingezansi nehekitha. Kuyadingeka futhi ukunikeza i-aquarium yengilazi ngokukhanyisela, noma kunjalo, kuzoba nzima ukuyifaka ngokwakho. Ukuze ungenzi impilo yakho ibe nzima, kungcono ukuthenga isitsha esinesibani esakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Kepha okunye, i-heater, isihlungi ne-compressor zithengwa ngokwahlukile. Esitolo sezilwane ungathola amamodeli akhethekile wezitsha eziyindilinga - ngokwesibonelo, isihlungi sangaphansi esiyindilinga noma i-compressor elula yokuzenzela ezimeni eziqinile. Kukhona ama-aquariums anesihlungi esakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Ngaphezu kwemishini, uzodinga isembozo se-aquarium eyindilinga. Unemisebenzi eminingana ngasikhathi sinye:
- kuvimbela izinhlanzi ukuba zingaphumi ethangi,
- isebenza njengokuvikela amakati angadingeki angafuna ukudla inhlanzi,
- i-luminaire ibekwe phezu kwesembozo.
Ukuthola ikhava ngokwehlukana kungaba nzima. Lesi isizathu sesibili kungcono ukhethe i-aquarium eyindilinga ngesivimbo. Indawo yama-aquarium ifakiwe, kepha ingenziwa uku-oda noma ithengwe ngokwahlukile esitolo.
Ukuhlelwa nokunakekelwa
Ukuhlobisa kusekelwe ku-minimalism. Uma ulayisha kakhulu i-aquarium ngezitshalo nangezinto zokuhlobisa, kuzoba nzima ukubona izinhlanzi.
Kungcono ukungathathi inhlabathi enhle kakhulu: ngevolumu encane izovusa kakhulu amanzi. Ikakhulu uma i-aquarium ifakwe isihlungi esingezansi. Amatshe amatshe amancane azobukeka emuhle ku-aquarium eyindilinga. Ungangeza amatshe amatshe amahle.
Ungakhohlwa ungqimba lwe-oxygen uma uhlose ukuqukethe i-cockerel esitsheni.
Cishe ama-20% amanzi athathelwa indawo isonto ngalinye. Ungakhohlwa ukuhlanza isihlungi, sivale ngokushesha. Kwesinye isikhathi i-catfish ephansi noma isicoco singasiza ekugcineni ukuhlanzeka. Ukunakekelwa okuphelele kudinga ukuphendulwa kwenhlabathi njalo.
I-aquarium yengilazi eyindilinga akuyona eyawo wonke umuntu. Cabanga ngokucophelela ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinhlanzi ofuna ukuzithola - ama-guppies, izinkemba noma i-cockerel. Musa ukulayisha ngokweqile i-aquarium, uyihlanze njalo, ungagxili imishini, futhi isikhathi eside ingaphakathi lakho liyobe lihlotshiswe ngebhola elihle lamanzi amancane.
Izinhlanzi zingasinda isikhathi esingakanani ngaphandle kokuphakelwa emanzini?
Kaningi, kwi-Intanethi ngisho nasezincwadini ezikhethekile zama-warvists asemanzini, umuntu angathola isitatimende sokuthi isiteleka senhlanzi sinesizathu futhi asilimazi inhlanzi. Ngokwengxenye, lesi sitatimende sinesizathu, ngoba abasemanzini abaningi kangaka baphuze izilwane zabo ezifuywayo. Kepha ukunambitha izinhlanzi ngokweqile kanye nokulimaza ngokweqile kuthinta impilo yazo futhi lokhu kuboniswa ku:
- ushintsho ngombala wemvelo,
- kwehle ukungatheleleki,
- ukuncipha komsebenzi.
Ukuze ukusebenza okunempilo komzimba wezakhamizi ze-aquarium, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina irejimeni yokudla ngokulinganisela ethatha zonke izinto ezidingekayo nezici zokulandela umkhondo.
Uma sibheka ukweqiwa kwezinhlanzi okuqhubekayo, khona-ke indlala yesikhathi esithile iyoba, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kufanelekile.
Kubalulekile ukunaka ukuthi izinhlanzi zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, inani lezinsuku zokuzila ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo lihlukile. Isibonelo, kubalulekile ukuthi ama-cichlids, ikati lezinhlanzi, amasikali kanye ne-neon ukuthola amanani amaningi okudla, futhi isiteleka sendlala siyozilimaza kakhulu kunokuhle, noma ngabe kunezimo zokudla ngokweqile. Lezi zinhlobo zingaphila ngaphandle kokudla isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto elilodwa.
Zonke gazinga zidinga ukuzondla njalo ngenxa yokuhamba kwazo okuphezulu nesidingo sokuthola izakhi zentuthuko eyanele. UFry angekhe afe yindlala kunezinsuku ezine ezilandelanayo.
Uma i-aquarium eyodwa inezinhlobo eziphakathi nendawo nezincane, ezinkudlwana zingaqala ukudla ezincane ngemibandela yokushaywa indlala isikhathi eside.
Izinhlanzi ezinesizungu zidinga ukudla okuncane, ngakho-ke zingahamba ngesiteleka sokulamba, ngoba bezilungiselele ukuntuleka kokudla. Isiteleka sendlala singathatha izinsuku eziyishumi. Lokhu kusebenza ezinhlanzini ezidliwayo, kanye nakubadli be-algae kanye ne-loricaria catfish. Uma kungekho ukudla, zingasebenzisa i-algae nokudla okusele enhlabathini njengokuphakelayo.
Ama-Pisces, njengazo zonke izinto eziphilayo, anamafutha amakhulu. Ngakho-ke, izinhlanzi ezidla ngokweqile zingaphila ngaphandle kokudla izinsuku eziningi kunezinhlanzi ezidla uhla olujwayelekile.Okusho ukuthi, ekudobeni izinhlanzi okudlayo, ukushaywa yindlala kungahlala izinsuku ezimbalwa kunokudla kwenhlanzi ejwayelekile.
Izidingo zamanzi nezinga lokushisa
Izinga lokushisa ku-aquarium alithinti imvelo yezinhlanzi kuphela, kepha futhi nezinqubo zazo zebhayoloji nezamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kube ngokufanayo kuzo zonke izingqimba zamanzi ukuze izidalwa azihlupheki.
Nge-catfish, izinga lokushisa elilungile lisuka ku-18 ° liye ku-28 ° C. Kepha, njengoba lokhu kuyinhlanzi engenakunyakaziswa, ngesinye isikhathi bayakugwema ukuphambuka okuncane kulokhu okujwayelekile. Ubunzima bamanzi be-catfish busohlelweni lwe-8-12. Amanzi akufanele abe usawoti noma amanzi olwandle, ngaphandle kwalokho izinhlanzi zizokufa.
Ukuze ulondoloze izinga lokushisa le-aquarium, sebenzisa:
- Isiqandisi esikhethekile se-aquarium.
- Isimo somoya egumbini.
- Isithonga seqhwa noma esibandayo.
Ubuchwepheshe be-Aquarium
Isihlungi se-aquarium sizothuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yezilwane ezifuywayo.
I-Aeration, kanye nokuhlunga ku-guppy aquarium, kuyadingeka empilweni ephelele yezinhlanzi. Amanye ama-olwandle aphatha izitshalo bukhoma. Kepha le ndlela iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba lokhu kusebenza kahle kwemvelo esebenza kahle kufanele kudalwe ku-aquarium.
Khumbula. Izitshalo zikhipha i-oksijini ngokugcwele phakathi nosuku, kepha ebusuku ziyayidonsa. Kodwa-ke, ukuba khona kwezitshalo eziphilayo e-aquarium akufanele kunganakwa.
Inkinga ye-aeration ingaxazululwa okungenani ngezindlela ezimbili. Owokuqala ukutholwa kwe-compressor, kanti okwesibili ukuhlunga. Ukuthenga isihlungi kuzoxazulula ngokushesha izinkinga zakho ezi-2, lokhu kungukugcwaliswa kwamanzi nge-oxygen kanye nokususwa kwezinto eziyingozi nemfucumfucu kubantu base-aquarium.
Izeluleko Zokunakekela i-Aquarium
Kungabonakala kunzima kangako ukunakekela i-aquarium? Wayesondla inhlanzi, futhi ethela amanzi kanye ngenyanga, wayigeza ngensipho futhi ebilisa konke ukugcwaliswa, ethele amanzi ahlanzekile. Konke kuyakhazimula ezinsukwini ezimbili zokuqala. Izinhlanzi kungenzeka zijabule, kepha ngasizathu simbe aziphili isikhathi eside. Kuliqiniso, sesichaze imeko eyeqisayo yentshiseko yama-amateurish, kepha asiqhubeke sihlaziye izimiso eziyisisekelo zokunakekela indawo yethu encane.
Ukuba yisizinda semvelo yangempela, i-aquarium ngasikhathi sinye futhi iyisistimu evulekile, futhi ngenxa yalokho ayizinzile. Izinto ezi-organic zingena zivela ngaphandle ngaphandle kwenhlanzi, izilwane zihlala kuyo, ezidla, zikhule, zikhiqize imfucuza futhi zande, izitshalo eziphilayo ezidla ezinye izinto ngamanzi futhi zenze abanye bangene. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kugcinwe indawo yokugcina eyakhiwe ngendlela eyakhiwe ngayo - ihlanzekile, ikhanya, iphunga ngokusha kwechibi lasehlathini - ezinye, ngezinye izikhathi ezibalulekile, ziyadingeka imizamo yabantu.
Uhlu lomcimbi
Ukunakekela i-aquarium kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu eyi-10-20 nsuku zonke kanye nehora nesigamu nokungeziwe kanye ngesonto.
Izindlela zokunakekelwa kwansuku zonke zifaka:
- Ihlola ukusebenza kwemishini,
- ukuhlolwa kwezinhlanzi
- ukondla inhlanzi (lokhu kungumbuzo obanzi kakhulu nesihloko sendatshana ehlukile).
Ngesikhathi sokuqalisa kwe-aquarium noma phakathi kokunye kwezinguquko ezenzeka emhlabeni jikelele, ngokwesibonelo, lapho inani elikhulu lezinhlanzi ezinkulu ligcwele, kufakwa i-biofilter filler, noma kufakwa imishini yokuhlinzekwa kwekhabhoni, kuhle ukuhlolwa kwamanzi e-aquarium nsuku zonke, ukuhlola izinga lama-ammonia, ama-nitrites, ama-pH nabanye. nemingcele.
- ushintsho lwamanzi
- Ukuhlanzwa kwenhlabathi kusuka ekugodini, izinsalela zokuphakela nokunye ukungcola, i-siphon uma kunesidingo
- ukuhlanza ingilazi ye-algae,
- ukugeza isihlungi (hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi, kuya ngohlobo lwaso),
- ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo (ukugqoka phezulu, izihlahla).
Ukuhlola amanzi kanye ngesonto ukuze kuhlanganiswe i-nitrogen compounds, phosphates, hardness and acidity kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwesimo se-aquarium, kepha akudingekile ebhange elizinzile nelichumayo.
Ukuhlolwa kwezinhlanzi nokuhlolwa kwemishini
Ukuhlolwa kwezinhlanzi kwenziwa kalula ngesikhathi sokuphaka, lapho ngisho nezimfihlo zivela ezindaweni zazo zokukhosela. Kuyadingeka ukubheka ukuthi zonke izinhlanzi zisendaweni yini, ukuthi ngabe ukubukeka kwazo (noma ngabe kukhona amabala, izilonda, amanxeba, ubomvu, njll) kanye nokuziphatha kwabo (ukuthi bakhuthele kangakanani, noma ngabe badla ukudla ngokuzithandela).
Ukuhlolwa kwemishini kuvame ukwenziwa ekuseni ngemuva kokukhanyisa amalambu. Kuyadingeka ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi izinga lokushisa elidingekayo liku-thermometer, ukukhanya ku-heater kuvuliwe, indiza evela kusihlungi inamandla adingekayo, i-aerator noma i-compressor, uma ikhona, isebenza ngamandla afanele, zonke izinto ezikhanyayo zishisa kahle futhi zikhanya.
Uma konke kuhleliwe, siphakela izinhlanzi ubumnandi futhi sijabulela imvelo yethu enhle nenhle kakhulu kuze kufike usuku lokuyihlanza.
Ungayihlanza kanjani i-aquarium?
Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, nqamula imishini kagesi. Kungashiywa kuphela isihlungi se-canister sangaphandle uma i-hose yokudla ingaphansi ngokwanele futhi ihlala ngaphansi kwezinga lamanzi. Ngokuqondene nesihlungi sangaphakathi, uma ukuhlanza kujwayelekile futhi kungenzi isikhathi eside, kungashiywa ku-aquarium kuvaliwe. Uma ukuhlanza kukhulu, kuvamile, ngokuhlanza yonke imihlobiso, ukhula bese ushintsha ezinye izitshalo, kudonswa ingxenye enkulu yamanzi, isihlungi sangaphakathi sibekwa emanzini a-aquarium akhanyisiwe bese sivulwa ukuze ikoloni lamagciwane lingafi.
Ngesikhathi sokuvuna, izinhlanzi ngokuvamile azixoshwa ku-aquarium.
Okokuqala, baqala ukuhlanza izibuko. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa amadivaysi ahlukahlukene, ngalinye elinezinzuzo zalo nezinkinga zalo:
- Isibambo eside esisebenza ngamashidi wensimbi anaphakade noma aguqukayo. Into ephumelela kakhulu, kodwa-ke, ayifanelekile ekuhlanzeni ama-aquariums kusuka ku-plexiglass, ngoba angakwazi ukuwasakaza. Lapho ukhetha isikulufu esinjalo, kufanele unake amandla wesibambo (uma siguqeka kakhulu, ngeke ukwazi ukucindezela ingilazi ekhoneni elifanele). Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-iron blade akufanele ibe yinde kunesembozo seplastiki bese inamathela kuyo ezinhlangothini, ngoba kulokhu, lapho kuhlanzeka eduze kwamakhona, ukuhlangana kwama-silicone e-aquarium kungalimala.
- I-Magnetic scraper yinto elula kakhulu lapho ugeza iziqukathi ezinkulu nezijulile. Kufanelekile ukuhlanza i-plexiglass. Lapho ukhetha, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele ubukhulu bengilazi eyakhelwe ngayo, uma kungenjalo amandla kazibuthe anganele, futhi umhloli ngeke nje akhange. Usebenzisa le divayisi, udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu lapho ugeza ingilazi eduzane naphansi, ukuze kungabikho amatshe amatshe noma okusanhlamvu kwesihlabathi okuwela phakathi kwesikhafu nengilazi. Bazoshiya imidwebo ejulile futhi ibonakalayo engilazini. Isiponji esivamile sasendlini siyingubo yokugeza. Ama-aquarists amaningi asebenzisa kanjalo nje, kepha akhiwa ngezinto zokuqina ezinzima, futhi ezinye zikwazi ukushiya imidwebo engilazini ye-aquarium, ngazinye cishe engabonakali, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yenza ingilazi ibe namafu ngokwengeziwe.
- Ikhadi leplastiki lasebhange elijwayelekile selizifakazele njengesihlaka. Ayonakalisi ingilazi, futhi ukuphela kwayo okuwukuntuleka kwepeni futhi, ngokufanelekile, ukuphazamiseka kokusetshenziswa okuthile.
I-algae eluhlaza edwengulwe yisikhafu kusuka ebusweni, uma ingekho eminingi kakhulu, ayikwazi ukususwa ku-aquarium, kodwa ishiywe emanzini, izinhlanzi zivame ukuzidla ngaso leso sikhathi futhi ngentokozo enkulu.
Amanye ama-aquarists ancoma ukuthi ingilazi yangemuva ye-aquarium ingahlanzwa nge-algae, ngoba imvamisa icishe ifihlwe ngokuphelele yimhlobiso nezitshalo, kanti i-algae imvamisa ayonakalisi ukukhanga kwangaphandle kwesichibi, futhi idle kancane ama-nitrate nama-nitrites emanzini. Futhi uma uthola izinhlanzi ezidla ukudla kwe-algae, ngeke kube khona i-plaque ewindini elingemuva noma kufasitela lokubuka.
Manje njengoba ingilazi ihlanzekile, kuyithuba lomhlabathi.
Ungayihlanza kanjani inhlabathi enamanzi?
Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi lapha. Inhlabathi iyahlanzwa ngosizo lwe-siphon - i-hose lapho kufakwa khona ithoyizi elinomentshisi. Lesi sakamuva siyadingeka ukuze sigweme ukungena kwi-hose yezakhamuzi zase-aquarium. Ama-Siphon amamodeli ahlukile angancancwa ngezindlela ezihlukile: abanye bane-pearl ekhethekile (ngombono wami, le yindlela elula kunazo zonke), abanye badinga ukuphakanyiswa kakhulu futhi kwehliswe kaningi (imvamisa ayisebenzi), abanye kufanele badonswe ngomlomo amanzi, engcupheni yokuwugwinya.
Kunemibono ehlukene yokubuka ukuthi i-siphon kufanele ibanjwe kangaki. Abanye abathandi bafaka inhlabathi masonto onke, bekholelwa ukuthi ngaleyo ndlela baneqhaza ekumsulwa kwayo, ekuhlinzekeni okungcono komoya-mpilo futhi kuvimbele ukubola kwayo. Abanye benza lokhu kanye ngonyaka noma isigamu, noma ngaphansi, bakuchaza lokhu nge-siphon:
- izimpande zezitshalo zilimele
- amakoloni amagciwane a-nitrifying ahlala ezingaphezulu kwenhlabathi ayafa
- ukumiswa kwezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-nitrate kukhuphukela emanzini, okuwukudla kwe-algae,
- kanye ne-sludge ngokwayo, ethamba kabusha e-siphon, ingumanyolo obalulekile.
Ngokubona kwami, i-siphoning masonto onke iyadingeka ezindaweni zasemanzini lapho kungekho khona izitshalo eziphilayo noma kukhona ezimbalwa zazo. Ezilondolozini ezifanayo ezitshalwe ngokungenamuntu izimila, kufaka phakathi lezo ezinezimpande ezithuthukisiwe, lokhu kungenziwa kancane - kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezingama-3-4, nangokuhlanza ngeSonto okuhleliwe, umane wenze i-siphon 1-2 cm kusuka emhlabathini, ngaphandle kokuwuthinta, ususe ukungcola okweqile okuvela ebusweni, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho izinhlanzi zidla khona.
Ungashintsha kanjani amanzi e-aquarium?
Ukuvama nobukhulu bezinguquko zamanzi kuya ngomthwalo webhayoloji, okuwukuthi, ngobukhulu, ngosayizi kanye nokuqina kwe-vagarium, kanye nezidingo zabo zekhwalithi yamanzi: kuyacaca ukuthi i-discus futhi, ngokwesibonelo, amaxoxo weSpur, anombono ohlukile ngokuhlanzeka.
Ngokwesilinganiso sabantu bendawo yokugcina kanye nokukhetha kwabakhileyo kuyo, ukufaka esikhundleni kuvame ukwenziwa isithathu, ikota noma lesihlanu sevolumu masonto onke. Ngokufanelekile, ukuze usungule uhlelo lokufakwa esikhundleni, udinga ukuvivinya amanzi asemanzini futhi unqume okuqukethwe ama-nitrate kuwo. Kufanele kube sezingeni elingekho ngaphezulu kwe-10-30 mg / l. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, uma ukugcwala kwama-nitrate emanzini kuphakeme, kuzodingeka uguqule amanzi njalo.
Ukuze wenze ushintsho, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela amanzi ngamapharamitha afanayo noma asondelene kakhulu (lokushisa, i-acidity) njengase-aquarium. Izilwane eziningi zasemanzini zithanda amanzi ahlala okungenani amahora angama-24. Uma kungenzeki ukumela amanzi, ungasebenzisa indawo yomoya, ngokwesibonelo, iTetra Aqua Safe noma iDennerle Avera.
Ingxenye yamanzi avela ku-aquarium akhanywa kusetshenziswa i-siphon noma i-hose, ukuphela kwayo kufanele kubekwe eduze phansi. Ukuze ukwazi ukuhamba kalula ukuthi mangaki amanzi okudingeka akhishwe, kulula ukwenza uphawu lwengilazi engilazini. Amanzi ahlanzekile athululelwa nge-hose, ibhakede noma esinye isitsha, kuyilapho ijeythi iqondiswa hhayi emhlabathini, lapho-ke ihlanjwa kalula, kepha, ngokwesibonelo, kwi-grotto noma isoso elibekwe phansi.
Ungakuhlanza kanjani ukuhlunga ku-aquarium?
Isihlungi se-aquarium sinemisebenzi eminingana. Okubaluleke kakhulu: kufanele igcine izinhlayiya zokungcola kanye ne-turbidity (izidalwa ezifile, izinsalela zokuphakelwa, amaminerali ukugcwala okuvela endaweni engezansi) futhi ibe yikhaya lamagciwane we-biofilter. Ukungcola okuhlanganisiwe kufanele kususwe ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, kuyilapho ikoloni lamagciwane kufanele ligcinwe liphephile ngangokunokwenzeka. Yilezi zimo ezinquma imithetho yokuhlanza isihlungi.
Umbuzo wokuqala: yisikhathi sini sokuhlanza isihlungi? Akunzima ukuthola lokhu ngamandla ejezi lawo. Ukuthenga isihlungi esisha noma ukwenza ukuhlanza kwentwasahlobo okujwayelekile, ukuqaphela noma ukuthatha ividiyo yokuthi unamandla kangakanani umfudlana, kungabonakala, ngokwesibonelo kusuka ekungqubuzelweni kwezitshalo eziseduze. Uma indiza isikhululekile, yisikhathi sokugeza isihlungi.
Imvamisa, izihlungi zesiponji zangaphakathi zigezwa kanye ngeviki, futhi zivame ukugeza izindebe zokuhlunga kwangaphakathi lapho kukhona khona imidwebo enama-porous filler (le mikhakha ngokwayo kaningi ayidingi ukuphazamiseka!). Ukuhlunga kwangaphandle kwangaphakathi kuhlanjululwa kaningi, kanye emavikini ayi-6 ukuya kwele-10, kwamanye amamodeli izindebe zomsulwa zihlanzwa maviki onke - okuyingxenye eyenziwayo yokuhlunga kokuqala.
Kunoma yikuphi, izinto zokuhlunga zihlanzwa ngokucophelela futhi zihlanzwa emanzini akhishwe ku-aquarium ukuze kuncishiswe ukulimala kwekholoni lamagciwane akhipha inzwa. Kusetshenziswa amanzi afanayo, usebenzisa iswaphu lukakotini noma ibhulashi lamazinyo, ikhanda le-rotor liyahlanzwa futhi lihlanzwe - ingxenye yenjini yokuhlunga. Ngemuva kokuhlanza, isihlungi sifakwa ku-aquarium ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka bese sivuliwe.
Ungasilungisa kanjani izitshalo?
Imvamisa, kanye ngesonto, izitshalo zivuthwa ngomanyolo, uma kunesidingo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqabunga akhula nge-algae noma adliwe yizinhlanzi kanye neminenke ayakhishwa, iziqongo ezikhulwe emanzini zinqunywe, ungasika noma ukhiphe izihlahla notshani obukhulu ngokweqile.
Le yimithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekela i-aquarium yakho. Vele, kwesinye isikhathi kuvela izimo lapho kungenelelwa okwengeziwe, ukungenelela okuyinkimbinkimbi nokwenziwa ngamacebo, kepha uma wazi kahle lezi zimiso eziyisisekelo, kancane kancane kuzoba lula ukulwazi lonke olunye ulwazi namakhono.
Isifundo sevidiyo sokunakekelwa kwe-aquarium efanele: