I-BARASINGA - I-BARASINGA (Cervus duvauceli) iyinhlobo yohlobo lwezinzipho (bheka i-HARNESS ANIMALS) ezincelisayo zohlobo lwe-deus (bheka i-DEER) yenyamazane yangempela emhlabeni, ihlukaniswa ngombala we-amber-aphuzi noma onsundu ngombala, kwesinye isikhathi onendawo emibalabala. . Izimpondo zabesilisa zikhulu, zinomusa, zinenqubo ende ye-infraorbital, isiqu esikhulu semornunar esigobile, sakha umqhele omuhle wezinqubo kuphela kusihla. Ubude bomzimba cishe ngo-180 cm, ukuphakama cishe ngo-115 cm, umsila ongu-12-20 cm, isisindo esingama-230-283 kg.
I-Barasing isasazeke eCentral naseNyakatho-East India (Assam), eNepal, ilethwa e-Australia.
Wayehlala eBurma naseThailand. IBarasing yakha izingxenyana ezintathu, enye yazo ingumhlabuyi weSchomberg, ishabalale eThailand ngeminyaka yama-1930s. IBarass ihlala kumaswidi anamaxhaphozi futhi ihlala ibonakala imi emanzini noma emadlelweni aluhlaza obuluhlaza. Lezi zinyamazane zinezinwele ezilukhuni, ezingamanzi futhi ezisakazeka kabanzi, okubonisa ukuthi zihlala isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezifudumele. IBarasing ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yidier swamp, kepha leli gama alithandeki ukugwema ukudideka ne-American Swamp deer deer.
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, abesilisa nabesifazane bezidumbu bahlala bodwa, bakha amaqembu amancane ezilwane ezi-3-5. Ebusika, zihlangana emihlanjini yezinhloso eziyishumi nambili. I-Deer iklaba emini, idla otshanini obudla izithombo kanye nezitshalo zemashi. Kusihlwa balala eqenjini eliminyene kunotshani obuluhlaza obuluhlaza. Ukuzalela izigaxa unyaka wonke, kepha ikakhulukazi inyamazane ivela ngokushesha ngemuva kwezikhathi zemvula, ngo-Okthoba-Novemba, lapho kunemifino emisha eningi. Azikho izimpi zemiqhudelwano phakathi kwabesilisa, ngesikhathi sokuzala basenezimpondo ezikhulayo ezithambile - izidudla. Kepha phakathi nalesi sikhathi, abesilisa bayabubula, nezwi labo, limnandi futhi kumnandi, ngamathoni aphansi nalawo aphakeme, kwehluke kakhulu ekubhokhweni kwenyamazane ebomvu. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-250, insikazi iletha i-1, kuyaqabukela kube yizinyamazane ezi-2.
Mayelana nentuthuko yezindawo ezinamanzi ngaphansi kwezinsimu zerayisi zokuqothula cishe yonke indawo zanyamalala. Lokhu kuphinde kwenziwe lula ngokufuna ukuhlukunyezwa ngenxa yezimpondo zayo ezinhle nokuzingela okulula e-savannah evulekile. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, kwase kulondoloziwe izinyamazane ezingaba ngu-500 zalolu hlobo, zazo izilwane ezingaba ngu-250 ezazigcinwe eKaziranga (Assam, India). Ama-Deer subspecies (uCervus duvauceli branderi), ngokwesilinganiso samakhanda angamakhulu amaningana, ahlala eCentral India. Kukho konke ukuhlukunyezwa kuvikelwe njengenhlobo engandile futhi isengozini.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zoxhaphoxhaka
Izinyamazane zokubhukuda ziyisilwane esikhulu esingamamitha angu-1,1-1,2 ukuphakama. Ubude bomzimba buyi-1.80 - 1.95 cm, isisindo sifinyelela ku-100-150 kg. Umzimba umbozwe ijazi elide futhi elinzima ngombala obomvu onsundu, ebusika umbala omnyama, uthole umthunzi onsundu.
Umsila ubude obungu-15 cm ngezinwele ezinde ezinombala obomvu. Izingxenye ezingezansi zokuhlangana kwemilenze zipendiwe zimnyama. Amehlo azungezwe izindandatho ezimhlophe eziwuphawu. Ikhala limnyama, uboya ngemuva kwakhala kanye nasemaphethelweni wezindlebe ngopende omhlophe.
Izimpondo zabesilisa zinezimbali eziningi futhi zilula, ngaphandle kwephathini eqinile yendawo yezinqubo.
Izimpondo zezinyamazane zokubhukuda zibukeka njengesihlahla esikhulu esinamagatsha angama-8-10.
Ubude bezimpondo bufika ku-60 cm, futhi isisindo singamakhilogremu ayi-1.65-2,5. Ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, abesilisa balahlekelwa izimpondo zabo, ezikhula emuva ezinyangeni ezingama-21.
Izimpondo ezingafani nazo zilahlwa nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka, zithathelwa ezinye ezintsha ngemuva kweminyaka emibili. Amahlumela emilengeni ephakathi mide kakhulu ngamasentimitha angama-7-8. Bayakwazi ukusuka kakhulu.
Izinselo ezisetshenziswayo ezinde, eziphansi. Phakathi kwempuphu kukhona ulwelwesi olunwebekayo oluvumela izilwane ukuba zihambe ngokukhululeka eceleni kwebhokisi lomlilo nendawo ebonakalayo yogu olunamanzi lwezidumbu zamanzi.
Ukusakazeka Kweder Swamp
UMarsh deer phambilini bekade egcwele ezindaweni ezisempumalanga yeNingizimu Melika. Yatholakala eParaguay, e-Uruguay, eBrazil, eNyakatho ye-Argentina nase-Eastern Bolivia, ezindaweni eziseningizimu ye-Amazonia Peru. Njengamanje, lolu hlobo lwabantu abangathandeki selusabalele kulezi zindawo. Ukuqothuka e-Uruguay, okuvame kakhulu eBrazil, kusongelwa ngokuqothulwa e-Argentina naseParaguay.
Ukudla izinyamazane
I-Marsh deer idla izitshalo zasemanzini namakhambi akhula osebeni lwezindikimba zamanzi.
Ukudla kungotshani abangama-50%, kanti cishe ama-31% angamaRedford ne-Eisenberg. Ama-Marsh deer aguquka ngokuphelele ekudleni kwawo futhi angashintshela kalula kwezinye izinhlobo zokuphakelwa, ngokuya ngokutholakala kwawo ngesizini ethile.
Isithombo Sokuzala
Isikhathi sokuzalela izinyamazane eziyizimbotshana azigcini kusizini ethile. Ngokusobala uGon wenzeka ngo-Okthoba-Novemba.
Abesilisa abahleleli ukulwa futhi bangaziphathi ngolaka komunye nomunye.
Owesifazane uphethe i-cub izinyanga eziyi-11 ukuya kwe-12. Uhlala endaweni ethile esiqhingini esomile noma otshanini phakathi kwezixhaphozi, ubeletha inyamakazi elilodwa. Isithombo sivame ukuvela ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba, futhi futhi ukusuka ngoSepthemba kuya kuLwezi.
Umbuna osanda kuzalwa unesisindo esingama-4,2 kg. Umbala woboya bakhe, ngokungafani nombala wejazi lamathole ezinye izinyamazane, unombono ophakeme, ngaphandle kwezimpawu zobuntu, okuvame ukungafani nalomndeni.
Izici zokuziphatha kwezinyamazane ezinamandla
Ngeshwa, imininingwane mayelana nokuziphatha kokuziphatha okubi kwendalo ayiphelele. Lolu hlobo lwe-ungulates londliwa ikakhulu kusihlwa. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi siyasebenza imini nobusuku, kuya ngenkathi noma ngokulandela abazingeli.
Izinyamazane zokubhukuda zivame ukugcinwa zodwa noma emihlambini emincane ukusuka kwababili kuya kwabangu-6. Yize kunobufakazi bokugxila okuningana kwezidwaba zamaxhaphozi. Naphezu kobukhulu bazo obukhulu, ama -ululates kunzima ukuwathola, njengoba phakathi nosuku ecasha otshanini obude, emhlanga nasezihlahleni eziqhakazayo.
Amaxhaphozi aswayimani ahamba ngokudabukisayo futhi ngokushesha nje ezindaweni ezinamathushana, esebenzisa ububanzi obubanzi, esakaza amadevu aphakathi nendawo amade, akhulisa indawo yokuxhaswa kwemilenze enhlabathini enam marshy. Noma kunezikhukhula, izilwane aziwashiyi umkhango wezikhukhula, kodwa ziphila isikhathi eside kulezi zimo kuze kube yilapho amanzi ehla.
Ngenkathi yemvula, izinyamazane eziyizimbungulu zihlakazeka kuyo yonke insimu zidla kumasayithi amakhulu. Ngenkathi eyomile, umswakama wezinyamazane uyanda, njengoba abantu abangatheni beqongelela endaweni ethile, eduze kwamanzi. Abesilisa banamasayithi akhulu kakhulu, ngokungafani nabesifazane.
Umehluko phakathi kwama-artiodactyls nama-artiodactyls
Amayunithi ayahluka ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- Umehluko omkhulu inani leminwe nesakhiwo sazo. Ezinyamelweni ezinamacembe, iminwe yakheka inselo, enenani elilinganayo leminwe. Ezilwane ezinamawele, inselo inezinombolo ezingajwayelekile zezinqubo.
- Izilwane ezi-Odd kunzima kakhulu ukuzithola endle. Ama-Artiodactyls, uma kuqhathaniswa, avame kakhulu emvelweni.
- Ama-Artiodactyls anohlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lokugaya ukudla.
Uhlu lwezilwane ezivame kakhulu ezinamabala
I-Addax
Sabel-uphondo antelope
Izengezo - bakhuthele kakhulu kusihlwa, phakathi kokuhwalala nokusa. Bancamela impilo emhlanjini owakhiwe ngabantu abangu-5-20. Umhlambi ulawulwa “ngumholi”, owesilisa obaluleke kakhulu.
Sabel-uphondo antelope -ivame e-Afrika kanye neNhlonhlo yase-Arabia. Ubukhulu bufana nehhashi elijwayelekile.
Ihhashi le-Antelope
U-Baran Altai
Ihhashi le-Antelope - isilwane esikhulu se-artiodactyl. Isisindo somthambo wehhashi sifinyelela ku-300 kg, futhi ukuphakama kwawo kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,6. Ngenxa yalokhu, iyi-antelope yesibili ngobukhulu kusayizi weplanethi, yesibili kuphela kunotshani obujwayelekile.
U-Baran Altai - Lona omele kakhulu wezimvu. Lesi silwane sinezimpondo ezikhulu kunazo zonke. Zingaba nesisindo (emadodeni amadala) kuze kufike ku-35 kg.
Inqama yasentabeni
Buffalo
Inqama yasentabeni - Ungu -gorali. Ingummeleli omkhulu wezimvu zasendle. Ngobude bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2, nesisindo somzimba kuze kufike ku-180 kg.
Buffalo -ifana kakhulu nenyathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inyathi kanye nenyathi kungasangana, kunikeze inzalo ngesimo senyathi.
imvubu
Imvubu yemisebe
imvubu - ingesinye sezilwane ezinkulu kakhulu zomhlaba. Isisindo semvubu esikhulile singafinyelela kumathani amane. Iqiniso elithandekayo: isikhathi eside kakhulu, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi izingulube zaziyizihlobo zemvubu. Kepha manje banombono ohlukile. Okwamanje, imikhomo ibhekwa njengezihlobo zemvubu.
Imvubu yemisebe - Uchitha isikhathi esiningi sokuphila kwakhe esidalweni, kepha, njengemvubu ejwayelekile, ubabamanzi buye buxhomeke emizimbeni yamanzi. Isikhumba sesilwane sidinga ukusetshenziswa njalo kokugeza kwamanzi. Emini balala emanzini, ebusuku bahambe bazingele.
IBongo
I-Buffalo yaseNdiya
IBongo - i-antelope yehlathi, engaba nesisindo esingama-200 kg. Zinezimpondo ezinde, ezivame ukuba yi-1 m ubude.
I-Buffalo yaseNdiya - uyilungu lomndeni wama-bovine. Ingenye yezinkunzi ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni.
Inyathi yase-Afrika
Isibonelelo seGazelle
Inyathi yase-Afrika - lesi silwane simbozwe izinwele eziqhelelene kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi ibonakala kwesikhumba esimnyama. Ijazi alivamile, njengoba iminyaka iba yimbi kakhulu.
Isibonelelo seGazelle - lesi silwane sinokuhlukahluka kofuzo ngaphakathi kwabantu baso.
I-Amur goral
I-Gerenuk
I-Amur goral - Isilwane esikhula isikhathi eside, kepha izilwane eziningi ezincane ziyafa ngaphambi kokuqala kwezinyanga eziyi-12. Ngalesi sizathu, namuhla, intaba isemaphethelweni wokuqothulwa futhi ifakwe ku-Red Book. Cishe ama-90% abantu basezintabeni abahlala ezindaweni zemvelo.
I-Gerenuk - Isici esibonakalayo salesi siqubulo imilenze nemikhawulo emide kakhulu, engeke ididaniswe nanoma yini.
UJeyran
UDickdick obomvu
UJeyran - Kufakwe kuhlobo lwe-gazelle. Lapho ibhele ligijima, liphakamisa umsila walo endaweni emile.
UDickdick obomvu - Izindatshana ezincane ezinesisindo esifinyelela ku-6 kg. Yenza kusebenze ekuseni noma kusihlwa.
IsiMongolia Dzeren
Indlulamithi
IsiMongolia Dzeren - lesi silwane sihlala emaqeleni nasezindaweni eziwugwadule zaseMongolia. Kutholakala nase China. Kukhona abantu abasensimini yeRussian Federation, noma kunjalo, ayiningi. E-Russia, uDrezen ubhalwe ku-Red Book.
Indlulamithi - Isilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ekuphakameni, lesi silwane singafinyelela ku-6.1 m.
Inyathi
Roe deer
Inyathi - ungummeleli wokugcina wezinkomo zasendle eYurophu. Futhi, yisilwane esinzima kunazo zonke emhlabeni esaphila eYurophu.
Roe deer - inyamazane enhle enomzimba omncane.
Intaba ye-Alpine Goat
Ama-boar asendle
Intaba ye-Alpine Goat - UnguBex. Ihlala ezintabeni zase-Alps, mhlawumbe ezindaweni eziphakathi komngcele wamahlathi neqhwa.
Ama-boar asendle - Uyisilwane esijabulisayo. Izinkukhu zasendle zingokhokho bezingulube ezifuywayo.
Inyamazane yedlozi
Elk
Inyamazane yedlozi - esiswini sowesilisa kukhona indlala ekhethekile egcwele musk. I-Musk ithathwa njengomkhiqizo wesilwane obiza kakhulu.
Elk - Ummeleli omkhulu womndeni wezinyamazane.
Doe
Isigaxa se-david
Doe - ekuqaleni babehlala e-Asia kuphela, kepha ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu yasakazekela eYurophu.
Milu (inyamazane kaDavid) - Inyamazane eyivelakancane kakhulu ehlala ekudingisweni futhi ikhuphula inani labantu bayo.
Reindeer
Sika inyamazane
Reindeer - une-torso ephakeme nentambo esekwe kahle. Isilwane sigcina ikhanda laso liphansi, okwenza inyamazimu ibonakale inyambalala.
Sika inyamazane - eRussia Federation ihlala eMpumalanga Ekude. Ebusika, badla ama-acorn lapho, bemba kuwo ngaphansi kweqhwa. Udla ngisho nezinhlanzi.
Okapi
Puku
Okapi - ukuphela kommeli wohlobo. Ukwakheka komzimba i-okapi kufana nehhashi, kepha isilwane asinalutho.
Puku - uhlala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinamanzi nezikhukhula zaseCentral Africa. Zihlala emihlanjini lapho kuhlangana khona izilwane ezi-5 kuye kwezingu-30.
Chamois
USaiga
Chamois - Isilwane kuze kube ngu-75 cm ukuphakama. Umsila mfushane kakhulu, ungaphansi kuka-8 cm ubude. Isisindo esimaphakathi se-chamois yabantu abadala singama-30-50 kg.
USaiga - Umhlambi wezilwane. Ngezinkathi ezahlukahlukene, bakha imihlambi emikhulu ebhula emathafeni futhi idla izitshalo ezahlukahlukene, kubandakanya nalezo ezinobuthi ezilwaneni eziningi.
Tar Himalayan
Yak
Tar Himalayan - uyilungu lomndeni wama-bovine. AbakwaTaras bathanda impilo yeqembu, beduka bangene emihlanjini yabantu abangama-20-40.
Yak - Isilwane esikhulu impela esinomzimba omude. Ngasikhathi sinye, imilenze yenkunzi imfushane kakhulu. I-Yak ingaba nesisindo esingafika ku-1 ithani.
Isixhaphoxhwanguxhaka esinezimbambo - esinezimbobo ezivulekile, esifana nomhlanga
UMarsh deer ungowomndeni wezinyamazane, ama-artiodactyls. Lolu hlobo lwezinhlobo zezilwane kufanele lungadideki nezinambuzane ezitholakala eNdiya naseNepal, ezibuye futhi zibizwe ngokuthi yi-bog deer.
I-Swamp deer iyi-Blustocerus yohlobo lwe-genus, abamele bayo ababonwa ngesakhiwo esikhethekile samathambo we-metacarpal and phalanges.
Isixhaphozi sase Swamp (Blastocerus dichotomus).
Izici zokuziphatha kwezinyamazane ezinamandla
Ngeshwa, imininingwane mayelana nokuziphatha kokuziphatha okubi kwendalo ayiphelele. Lolu hlobo lwe-ungulates londliwa ikakhulu kusihlwa. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi siyasebenza imini nobusuku, kuya ngenkathi noma ngokulandela abazingeli.
Izinyamazane zokubhukuda zivame ukugcinwa zodwa noma emihlambini emincane ukusuka kwababili kuya kwabangu-6. Yize kunobufakazi bokugxila okuningana kwezidwaba zamaxhaphozi. Naphezu kobukhulu bazo obukhulu, ama -ululates kunzima ukuwathola, njengoba phakathi nosuku ecasha otshanini obude, emhlanga nasezihlahleni eziqhakazayo.
Amaxhaphozi aswayimani ahamba ngokudabukisayo futhi ngokushesha nje ezindaweni ezinamathushana, esebenzisa ububanzi obubanzi, esakaza amadevu aphakathi nendawo amade, akhulisa indawo yokuxhaswa kwemilenze enhlabathini enam marshy. Noma kunezikhukhula, izilwane aziwashiyi umkhango wezikhukhula, kodwa ziphila isikhathi eside kulezi zimo kuze kube yilapho amanzi ehla.
Izidalwa ezinkulu kakhulu zitholakala emifuleni iParaguay naseParana.
Ngenkathi yemvula, izinyamazane eziyizimbungulu zihlakazeka kuyo yonke insimu zidla kumasayithi amakhulu. Ngenkathi eyomile, umswakama wezinyamazane uyanda, njengoba abantu abangatheni beqongelela endaweni ethile, eduze kwamanzi. Abesilisa banamasayithi akhulu kakhulu, ngokungafani nabesifazane.