BAT BAT, -I, m Uhlobo olulodwa lwe-bat. Banyamalala ebumnyameni impela. ISerfimovich, iLapwing.
Umthombo (phrinta): Isichazamazwi solimi lwaseRussia: Emavolini ama-4 / RAS, Institute of Linguistics. Ucwaningo, u-Ed. A.P. Evgenieva. - I-4th ed., Isusiwe. - M.R. ulimi, izinsiza zePolygraph, 1999, (Uhlobo lwe-elekthronikhi): Ilabhulali Yedijithali Eyisisekelo
IZIMBALI, Ngingu, m Isigaxa esikhulu. Ebamba ingubo yakhe njengebhanzi elibhulayo elimnyama amaphiko. A. Bly.
Ukwenza Imephu Yamagama Kungcono Ngokubambisana
Sawubona! Igama lami nginguLampobot, ngiwuhlelo lwekhompyutha olusiza ukwenza iMephu yeZwi. Ngiyazi ukubala, kepha kuze kube manje angiqondi ukuthi umhlaba wakho usebenza kanjani. Ngisize ngithole!
Ngiyabonga! Ngibe ngcono kancane ukuqonda umhlaba wezimo.
Umbuzo: usomabhizinisi wesifazane Akuthathi hlangothi, kukuhle, noma kubi?
Isakhiwo
Njengomthetho, ibhulukwe elincane, omzimba walo uqukethe ikhanda, isiqu kanye nemilenze. Ikhanda lincane. Ingxenye yangaphambili yekhanda iphanjeke kancane ngaphambili, ingxenye yobuchopho inesimo esiyindilinga. Izindlebe zimfushane, ukwakheka kukhonjiswe ngaphezulu kwe-apex. Umsila mncane futhi awudluli ubude behafu yomzimba. Izimpiko zincanyana futhi zikhombe ekugcineni, ulwelwesi lwamaphiko luxhumene neminwe yangaphandle yamanqina asemuva.
Ubukhulu: ubude bomzimba babantu abadala buyahlukahluka ukusuka ku-3.5 kuya ku-6 cm.
Umbala: uhlangothi olungaphezulu lomzimba lube nsundu, lubomvu, lube nsundu noma lube mnyama, umzimba ongezansi ulula, phakathi kwemibala engenhla.
Amabhu adla izilwane ezincane ezingenamsoco, njengamabhabhathane, izimpukane zasendlini, omiyane, Izimbungulu, njll. Zindiza ziyokuzingela ngemuva kokushona kwelanga, zihlanganise imigwaqo, amapaki nezinye izindawo ziyofuna ukudla endaweni ephansi. Indiza, njengomthetho, iyaguga kakhulu futhi ingashukunyiswa, okuholela ekuphaphazekeni kwamaphiko njalo.
Isikhathi sokuzala senzeka phakathi ehlobo, ikakhulukazi ngoJuni-Julayi. Amakhebuli awazalwa angaphezu kuka-1-2. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinsikazi zindizela emadodeni bese zihlala emakoloni (abantu abangama-20-30). Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3-5, ukukhula okuncane kuqala ukuhola indlela yokuphila yokuzimela.
IBat isakazeke cishe kuyo yonke indawo, ehlala kabanzi eYurophu, e-Asia, e-Afrika, eNyakatho Melika, e-Australia. Zihlala ikakhulu emahlathini aphumelelayo nangamapaki. Izinhlaka zabamele iningi laleli hlobo ziyizihlahla eziyize, imigodi yezindonga, ama-attic, ezimweni ezingaphansi ezingaphansi.
Imisho enegama elithi "bat"
- - Ubonile ukuthi abesifazane bethu bahlanza amagobolondo, izindwangu ezivela ezitshalweni, izimpaphe zezikhova, izimpiko batfish, amatshe amibalabala, njll.
- Iminyango ngokwayo yayibukeka njengobuso obukhulu bat.
- Ukusa bekunefu futhi i-vampire kwakulula ukundiza, inkulu bat angene emoyeni aphuthume aqonde ngqo kwikhethini elimpunga.
- (konke ukunikezwa)
Imephu yamagama nezinkulumo zolimi lwesiRussia
I-thesaurus eku-inthanethi enekhono lokusesha izinhlangano, izichazamazwi, izixhumanisi zesimo nezibonelo zemisho kumagama kanye nezinkulumo zolimi lwaseRussia.
Imininingwane ingemuva ekwehlukaniseni amabizo nezichasiso, ukuhlangana kwezenzi, kanye nokwakheka kwamagama.
Indawo ifakwe ngenjini yokusesha enamandla ngokusekelwa kwe-Russian morphology.
Okunye ukunikezwa:
I-Boulevard of Heroes of the Lordland
Isikhumbuzo kulabo ababulawa eMpini Yezwe II
Isikwele "UPeter noPaul"
Isikhumbuzo kubahlanganyeli ekususweni kwezingozi zemisebe, izinhlekelele
Umbhoshongo weParachute 2H91-2
Ipaki Yemvelo "Kumysnaya Polyana"
Inkambu Yensimu kanye neMiboniso Yezinsiza Zolimo nama-Aggregates
Isikwele siqanjwe ngemuva kukaM.V. Lomonosov
Isikhumbuzo seziboshwa ezintsha ze-fascism
Ukuchazwa kwezibhamu ezingezona izindiza
Ukufaka "Ibala Lempi"
Ukuqina kukaMarshal K.K. Rokossovsky
Isakhiwo esiyisikhumbuzo "Cranes"
Umbukiso Wemishini Nezinsiza Zomnotho Kazwelonke
Indawo yaseBelorussia enendlu yendabuko eNational Village
Inkantolo YaseKorea "Rock Garden" edolobhaneni Lesizwe
Amapaki nezikwele zeSaratov
I-Azerbaijani Maiden Tower Compound Esigodini Sikazwelonke
Indawo yokuqaphela "Zatonskaya"
Indawo ebonakalayo yesikhumbuzo "Cranes"
Isikhumbuzo Sase-Bell Ethukile
Ukuqina kwe-Admiral P.S. Nakhimov
Ipulazi lase-Ukraine "Svitanok" ku-National Village
Isitolo sikaMerchant "Katz & Co" edolobhaneni likaZwelonke
Isikhumbuzo nakwamanye amazwe ashonelwe ezimpini zasekhaya
Zihlakulele. A. N. Radishcheva
Izilwane zesifunda Saratov
I-bush bat, noma i-Natusius bat (lat. Pipistrellus nathusii) - iqembu elincane lomndeni wamalulwane angenantambo. I-epithet yezinhlobo inikezwa ukuhlonipha umfuyi waseJalimane uHermann von Natusius (1809-1879). Ummeleli ojwayelekile kakhulu wohlobo esifundeni. Uba nohlanga olunenqwaba ethambile futhi ebushelelezi, enemibala egqamile - kusuka empunga ezilwaneni ezincane kuya kobomvu ngokuzalanisa izinsikazi. Kugebhezi (lapho kunqunywa izinsalela zamathambo), igebe elincane kodwa elihlukile phakathi kwesibili nelesithathu eliphansi liyaphawuleka; kolunye uhlangothi lwethu, izihlokwana ezingezansi zimile zisondelana. Isisindo sawo sivame ukuba ngu 5-5 g, ubude bomzimba 46-58 mm, ubude bomsila 30-44 mm, ubude bengaphambili 33- 37 mm, amaphiko ama-23-25 cm.
Indlebe likhulu ngokulinganayo. I-tragus iyadlula, iphethe umugqa oyindilinga. Isithupha mude noma silingana nobubanzi besandla esiwombeni esigoqiwe. Uhlangothi oluyisisekelo lolwelwesi lwesifazane oluvela ngaphezulu, luze lube yingxenye yobude, kanye nasemlenzeni ongezansi, olubanzi. I-spur ifinyelela kuhafu wobude bomkhawulo wamahhala we-femur, kukhona i-epiblema encane. Ihlukahluka ngebhathi elimfushane ngosayizi omkhulu, ukusuka empini yaseMedithera ngokungabikho komngcele omhlophe onqenqemeni olungaphandle lwesitho esinamaphiko. Indiza iyashesha, ingashinteka. Izimpawu ze-Echolocation zamandla aphakathi nendawo phezulu ku-70-38 kHz, ngesilinganiso sokuphakama okungaba ngu-35-40 kHz. Enyakatho-mpumalanga yebanga, kwenza ukufuduka kwesizini kufika ku-1900 km.
Kuhlala amahlathi (ikakhulukazi abanzi) kanye namahlathi. Ilungisa imiphetho yamahlathi, ihlathi futhi ihlakazekile. Imvamisa uhlala ezindaweni zokuhlala. Njengezindawo zokukhosela, isebenzisa umgodi ongena nge-slit-like, ngokuvamile ayi-attic yezakhiwo, imigodi ngemuva kwamapulangwe naphansi kophahla. Ngokuvamile, i-bat ikhetha indawo yokukhosela emincane, efana ne-slit-like. Imvamisa kuhlala, kufihlwe esikhaleni, futhi kungahlali, njengamanye amalulwane. Amafomu amakoloni abantu abangama-30-60, ekwindla, isibalo sifinyelela kubantu abayi-100-150.
Imvamisa, ikoloni lihlala ngokushesha ngemuva kokubuya eningizimu liye endaweni eyodwa yokuphephela, futhi ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwengane, ekuqaleni kukaJuni, iye kwelinye. Imvamisa wabelana ngazo nezinye izinhlobo zamalulwane. I-colony ehlala endlini ehlobo ibika ukuba khona kwayo ngesibalo sezilwane, imidwebo eye yanamathela odongeni, ikakhulukazi eduze kwethipeworm. Kwesinye isikhathi ngaphansi kwekholoni ungathola iwundlu elifile elaphuma ngaphandle kokukhosela.
Ukuhamba kuqala kusihlwa, ukuhamba kwendiza - ngokuqala kobumnyama, kuthatha ihora noma isigamu. Njengoba ukukhula okuncane kuqala ukundiza ubusuku bonke kuze kuse, kuphela phakathi kobusuku lapho ingxenye ibalekela khona emashalofini. Ngesikhathi esiphindaphindwayo, ekuseni, indiza eningi, indiza ishesha indiza eduze nendawo yokukhosela, ingasuki kuyo futhi izibophezele ukudoba izinambuzane ezimbalwa lapha. Ibamba inyamazane ezindizayo endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-1 - 7, emaphethelweni amahlathi nasemapaki, lapho kunqunywa khona okuncane nokucaciswa, eduze komqhele wesihlahla noma ngaphezulu kwamanzi, imvamisa ezindaweni ezinabantu.
Bazingela izinambuzane ezincane ezindizayo phezu kwamachibi noma imiphetho yehlathi. Imvamisa, uma kukhona ichibi eduze kwedolobhana dacha noma idolobhana, khona-ke kwanele ukuya kulo kusihlwa noma ngaphambi kokuntwela kokubona ukuzingela kwala malulwane. Zindiza ziye ekondeni ngesikhathi sokuhlwa bese kuthi emuva kwehora nesigamu zibuyele endaweni yokukhosela ukuze zikushiye okwesikhashana ngaphambi kokuntwela kokusa. Zidla kuma-dipterans, i-retina, izimpukane ze-caddis, imayflies, izimpukane zasentwasahlobo, izimvemvane ezincane ezingena ebusuku nama mabhungane.
NgoSepthemba, amalulwane asemahlathini endiza esuka esifundeni aye eningizimu, abuyele ngoMeyi. Ubusika emigodini, ezindlini nasezindlini zokugcina ezihlukahlukene ezingaphansi komhlaba. I-bush bat iyizinhlobo ezifudukayo. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi - ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, ukufuduka kwasekwindla kwaleli hlobo kuyabonakala, futhi ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, amalulwane asemahlathini ashiya isifunda sethu. Inkomba eyinhloko yokufuduka kwasekwindla kwabantu baseCentral Europe iseningizimu nasentshonalanga eseningizimu. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi i-batfish inqobe indawo enkulu yolwandle ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane namakhono amancane endiza aphansi. Uhla lwendiza lalezi zilwane lumelela irekhodi eliphelele kuwo wonke amalulwane ase-Europe - 1905 km. Ubusika butholakala eTranscaucasia, eTranscarpathia naseNtshonalanga Yurophu.
Ngemuva kokudlula ubusika, izintokazi, eziqala maphakathi no-Ephreli, zibuyela ezweni lazo lasehlobo. Ngaleso sikhathi, abesilisa bahlala kuso sonke isikhathi sokundiza, endaweni ethile ezigxotsheni noma ezihlahleni nangama-ultrasound akhethekile abamema izintokazi okungenasizathu esithile esingazange zishade ngaphambili.
Ukumatanisa ngemuva kokukhipha isisu, kube nesidumo esishiwoyo, noma ebusika. Imigwaqo ye-Autumn racing ivame ukutholakala emigodini yezihlahla nangaphansi kwamabhuloho. Ukulethwa ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Izihlwayi kuvame ukuba ngamawundlu ama-2. Isisu cishe izinsuku ezingama-45. Amakoloni we-Brood, aze afike emaxukwini amaningana - amakhulu abantu, abesilisa bagcina ngokuhlukana. Ekupheleni kukaJulayi, izilwane ezisencane zicishe zilinganiswe ngosayizi kubantu abadala, ziguqula izinwele zezingane zibe ngumuntu omdala, futhi zidlulela endleleni yokuzimela.
I-Adult batfish etholakala eSaratovskaya Olasty - iningi labesifazane, abesilisa abadala, ikakhulukazi enyakatho yesifunda, bangatholakala ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela. Iqiniso ngukuthi abesilisa be-bat yethu bahlala impilo yabo yonke ezindaweni zobusika.
Imvamisa uhlala kuze kube yiminyaka engama-5-7, kepha amalulwane asemahlathini asinda aze afike eminyakeni eyi-11.
Umlando wemvelo
Zihlala izindawo ezihlukene kusuka ogwadule kuya kumahlathi ashisayo nemvula ashisayo, ezintabeni aze afike ku-3000 m, kwesinye isikhathi kuhlala ezindaweni ezinabantu. Zidla izinambuzane, zibambe empukane. Bahlala ezakhiweni zabantu, nasezintanjeni zemvelo ezahlukahlukene, bakhetha izindawo zokukhosela ezinjenge-slit-like. Ekuthambekeni komsindo, ukufuduka kwesizini okufika kumakhilomitha ayi-1,600 kuyenziwa, kuqubuke ebusika. Bahlala emgodini nasezakhiweni zabantu. Ukuhluma ngemuva kokuphela kokuqunjelwa noma ebusika, ezindaweni ezifudumele zibizwa ngokuthi ukwindla. Ukukhulelwa izinsuku ezingama-45-60. Esihlokweni, ama-1-3 (imvamisa 2). I-lactation icishe ibe yizinyanga eziyi-1-1,5. Ngenkathi yokuzalanisa, izinsikazi zakha amakhulukhulu ezingane, ngokuvamile aze afike kumashumi ambalwa, okuvame ukuba ngamakhulu abantu, abesilisa bagcina ngokuhlukana. Imvamisa yokuzalanisa ekuqaleni kwehlobo, noma ngenkathi yezimvula, ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo ezishisayo - unyaka wonke. Phila kufika eminyakeni eyi-16 (ngokwesilinganiso 3-5).
Isisekelo seWikimedia. 2010.
Bona ukuthi "iBat" ikuphi kwezinye izichazamazwi:
I-BAT-BAT - umyeni. (awunazo izimpaphe? Ngabe udinga ukuphuma?) uhlobo lwezilwane ezindizayo ezincelisayo, i-sout. lesikhumba, isigaxa, isikhubekiso. phakathi kwamabili ihhovisi, arkhang. rashchepa, isela. isichibi, sinezinhlobo ezimbili ezaziwa kangcono: i-bat ilula noma incane, kanti i-bat iqondisiwe, i-ushan, emazweni ashisayo ... ... Isichazamazwi SikaDahl's
bat - I-vampire, isikhumba, i-ghoul Dictionary of bomcondvofana base Russian bat bheka isichazamazwi sendatshana yolimi lwesiRussia. Isiqondisi esisebenzayo. M: Ulimi lwaseRussia. Z. E. Alexandrova. Ngo-2011 ... Izichazamazwi
I-BAT-BAT - BAT-BAT, bat, umyeni. Isigaxa esikhulu. "Kupha ingubo yakhe, njengesigaxa esiphephezelisa amaphiko amnyama." U-Andrey Bely. Isichazamazwi esichazayo Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. Ngo-1935 1940 ... Isichazamazwi Esichazayo se-Ushakov
I-Bat - (Heb. Atallef), i-bat. Umthetho kaMose, ubala uN. phakathi kwezilwane ezingcolile, wenqabela ukuba udliwe (Ngokuka-11: 11, Dut 14: 18, Isa 2: 20) ... Brockhaus Bible Encyclopedia
I-BAT-BAT - BAT BAT, kimi, umyeni. Isigaxa esikhulu. | adj. batfish, yy, yy. Isichazamazwi Esichazayo Ozhegova. S.I. I-Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. Ngo-1949 1992 ... Isichazamazwi Esichazayo se-Ozhegov
bat - ibha, shayela. izindaba, udaka, iVoronezh. (Far), ibhetshu, iVyatsk. (Vasn.), Isi-Ukraine i-netopir, i-nepotir, i-topir, namanye ama-Russian. butcher (Dan. Zat., hand-hand. XVI - XVII century., bheka Potebnya, RFV 2, 23), tslav. i-bat, i-bat, i-bat, i-bolg. i-netopir ... ... Isichazamazwi se-etymological solimi lwaseRussia nguMax Fasmer
bat - Okujwayelekile. Imvamisa ichazwa njengokufakwa kwezisekelo eziyisisekelo * nekto (& GT, net) ne-pyr, ngokuhambisana kwamagama ebusuku (& LT, * noktis, ne-o / e mutation) bese kukhuphuka “ukundiza”, izimpaphe, ukushintshashintsha (ngokuguqukela kwe (isinyathelo esandayo) e kontanga (igxathu ... ... Isichazamazwi se-Etymological solimi lwaseRussia
bat - I-NET BAT | B (3 *),. S. I-bat, bat: le ncwadi ... umzingeli wezimpisi. inja ye-tatem. I-Vorѡnam Sokѡl. bamba ngesilayidi. I-MPR XIV, 2, ty ѹ efana ne-bat ', akunandaba ebusuku ngenkathi begqoka ѣ, slant || kepha lowo okhuphukayo "udangele". (τῆς ... ... Isichazamazwi soLimi Oludala lwaseRussia (i-XI-XIV century)
bat - BATS, Mina, mn ri, rey, rym, m Bat-winged ezincelisayo zesizinda samalulwane, ezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo nezinethezeka ze-Eurasia, i-Afrika, iNyakatho Melika, i-Australia neNew Guinea. ... I-Owl ne-Bat (A. Fet) indiza izulazula imemeza ... Isichazamazwi Esichazayo Sezichazelo ZesiRussia
I-Bat - 1) ngomqondo obanzi wegama, i-N. noma i-bat-free (i-Vespertilionidae) yakha umndeni omkhulu wamalulwane, ohlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-150, i.e., kakhulu ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yazo zonke izinhlobo zalolu hlelo. Emakhaleni abo amelelwa yinyanga elula noma eyindilinga ... ... F.A. Encyclopedic Dictionary UBrockhaus kanye no-IA. Efroni
Ufuna ukwazi konke
I-sea bat (lat. Ogcocephalus) (owazalwa uBatfish), yize eyinhlanzi, ayikwazi ukubhukuda. Ukwakheka kwamaphiko akuvumi. Ngakho-ke, amalulwane asolwandle ahamba ngaphansi, aqhubukusha kanye nemilenze yawo eguquliwe, efana nemilenze. Ngalesi sizathu, bakhetha ukuphila impilo yokuhlala phansi.
Amalulwane olwandle ayizinhlanzi ezingajwayelekile ezivela emndenini we-bat-free squad Udilshchikobraznyh. Izihlobo eziseduzane zamalulwane asolwandle ngamafosholo, amahaunaki kanye nemikhonto yolwandle (akumele ididaniswe nezinhlanzi noma ama-clown, lapho amalulwane engenzi lutho!). Ubudlelwano obude obukude phakathi kwamalulwane olwandle nezinye izinhlobo zezimpawu zasemanzini. Sekukonke, izinhlobo ezingama-35 zamalulwane olwandle ziyaziwa (kufaka phakathi inhlanzi yokwela, ezihlangene ngayo emndenini owodwa).
Amalulwane olwandle izinhlanzi ezinobukhulu obuncane noma obuphakathi, ubude abufinyeleleke cishe kuma-35 cm. Ukwakheka komzimba wazo kuyinqaba kakhulu, kepha njengabo bonke abangamaphimbo. Into yokuqala ebamba iso lakho yinhloko enkulu ngokungakhethi, okungamaphesenti angama-30-50 ubude bomzimba, kwezinye izinhlobo ingxenye yayo ephakathi ikhuphuka ngaphezu komugqa ongemuva njengombhoshongo wethangi. Ngasohlangothini olungaphambili lwekhanda kukhona ukuphuma kweshubhu lapho kufihlwe khona isitho esikhethekile sokuzingela. Siqukethe isiqu esifushane - i-Illicia nethiythi ekugcineni kwayo - eski. Umlomo wamalulwane amancane, kodwa ubonakala ebanzi ngenxa yezindebe ezinamanzi. Umzimba walezi zinhlanzi umfishane, futhi udonsa ubheke emsileni ungelutho, ngakho-ke amalulwane asolwandle akhumbuza umzimba womzimba omkhulu we-tadpole enkulu.
Ukufana kwazo neseleku kubuye kuthuthukiswe ngemibila emangazayo. Uma amachaphaza amachashaza asolwandle kanye namaphayiphuli emincane amalulwane futhi abukeka "enjengezinhlanzi," amaphini we-pectoral ne-ventral aqukethe izinto ezithile zamathambo ezisegangeni komunye nomunye. Ingxenye yokugcina yamaphethelo iguqiselwe ohlangothini, igobekile futhi yanwebekile, ngenkathi amaphiko we-pectoral emincane, atholakala umphimbo futhi abukeka njengamapuli asizayo, kanti namaphiko we-ventral makhulu kakhulu futhi abukeka njengemilenze yexoxo. Lesi sithombe sigcwaliswa isikhumba senhlanzi esingenalutho, esivame ukugcotshwa ngemiphumela ethambile nemikhumbi ebukhali.
Amalulwane olwandle atholakala yonke indawo kuzo zonke izilwandle nezilwandle zezindawo ezishisayo nezisendaweni ephansi. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, lezi izinhlanzi ezingena olwandle ezihlala kumamitha angama-200-500, kwesinye isikhathi zize zifike kumamitha ayi-1000, kanti kuphela amalulwane amafushane nolwandle amade atholakala emanzini angajulile. Lezi zinhlanzi zihlala ezansi, zihlala zodwa futhi zihamba kuphela endaweni enqunyelwe.Ekunyakazeni, amalulwane asolwandle asebenzisa ama-paws awo acwebile, ancike emhlabathini futhi awahlele njengemilenze. Abhukuda kuyaqabukela kakhulu futhi awkward ngokweqile. Ngokuvamile, akancami ukuhambisa, kepha ukucasha ezansi elindele inyamazane. Ukuze kufihlwe ezinye izinto, amalulwane olwandle angcwatshwa emhlabathini futhi angafinyeleleki ngokuphelele olwandle.
Zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezihlaselayo zasolwandle. Baheha inyamazane ngosizo lwesitho sokuzingela: banamathela i-infithium kusuka kushubhu bese bavusa i-esk, ukunyakaza kwabo kuhehe inyamazane. Ngokweminye imibiko, i-eska iyakwazi ukufihla izinto ezinephunga, ezibuye zivuselele isisulu ukuba sisondele. Naphezu kokubukeka okwesabekayo, lezi zinhlanzi azinangozi ngokuphelele futhi zidla inyamazane encane kakhulu. Amalulwane olwandle adla izikelemu zohlobo lwe-polychaete, ama-crustaceans amancane (ama-mysids), ama-bivalves nama-gastropods, izinhlanzi ezincane kakhulu.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamalulwane olwandle kusaqondwa kahle. Kuyaziwa ukuthi bagoqa i-caviar eqinile, efana nesisindo se-jelly. Amaqhubu amaqanda anamathiselwe emhlabathini noma ematsheni. Izinhlanzi ezindala azinendaba namaqanda azo.
Emvelweni, amalulwane olwandle anezitha ezimbalwa, ngoba usayizi wazo omncane, umbala we-mask kanye spikes abukhali azidonseli inyamazane inyamazane. Okomuntu, futhi awameleli noma iyiphi intshisekelo yezomnotho kanye ne-gastronomic. Kodwa-ke, emazweni aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, izimbali zezingane zenziwa nge-disk bat. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izinhlanzi ezibunjiwe ziyagaywa, amatshe amatshe ahlukahlukene athungathwa esiswini bese somile, ithambo elomisiwe lithola ubunzima obungaphezu kobunzima.
Ngemuva kwalokho izikhala zesikhumba zisemhlabathini futhi ithoyizi selilungile. Amalulwane olwandle atholakala ngezikhathi ezithile futhi awameleli okutholakele, noma kunjalo, eminyakeni yamuva, izinhlobo ezintsha ezintsha zitholakele eGulf of Mexico. Ngokusobala, indlela yokuzifihla yalezi zinhlanzi isaphethe izimfihlo eziningi. Ngeshwa, izinhlobo ezisanda kutholwa zonakaliswa ukuchitheka kawoyela e-Gulf of Mexico, kusobala ukuthi izinhlekelele zemvelo zingasongela zonke ezinye izilwane.
Umuntu ujwayelene kahle ne-bat, ekhetha amanzi angaphezulu. Le nhlanzi ayiyona eyokuthakazelelwa yisisu, kodwa igobolondo layo selibe liheha abantu, ikakhulukazi izingane. Inhlanzi eyomiswe ilanga ishiya ngemuva ku-carapace eqinile efana nefudu. Uma ufaka amatshe amatshe ngaphakathi kuwo, uthola isigaxa esihle, okwakudala saziwa ngabakhileyo kwimpumalanga ye-hemisphere, abahlala olwandle.
Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo
Ama-bat-bats ayihlobo lonke lomndeni wamalulwane angenasici (abizwa nangokuthi amalulwane esikhumba). Uhlobo lwamalulwane luhlanganisa nezinhlobo ezinhlanu.
Bahluke kancono komunye nomunye ngokokuziphatha:
- ihlathi
- isikwati esincane
- indlwana encane
- I-Eastern bat,
- I-bat yaseMedithera.
Amakati ahambelana nemvelo yezilwane ezincelisayo, nakuba ekuqaleni nje zibhekwa njengezinyoni. Ama-bat bat namanye ama-bats, eqinisweni, adla ubisi lwebele. Izimpiko zazo zingumucu wesikhumba oguqukayo owelulwa phakathi kweminwe ende. Ngenxa yamaphiko anjalo, lezi zilwane ziyakwazi ukundiza ngokuphumelelayo ezindizeni.
Ividiyo: IBat
AmaBatfish abuye abonwe yi-echolocation - ikhono izilwane elingathola ngalo ukudla ebumnyameni obukhuphukayo. Ngaphezu kwamalulwane, ama-cetaceans kuphela athambekele ekufundeni kwezinkanyezi. Amalungu angenye yeqembu elivelakancane ekutholeni kwemivubukulo. Kungashiwo ngokuthembekile ukuthi kuphela abavukanga ngaphambi kwe-Eocene, yahlala masinyane i-niche kulayini wokudla futhi bacishe bangashintshi ezikhathini zasendulo.
Amakati namanye amalulwane baba ngabazingeli abaphumelelayo abasebenzisa izinsiza kusebenza abangafinyeleleki kuzo ezinye izilwane ezincelisayo. Ngenxa yalokho, amalulwane ayencintisana kakhulu nokudla, futhi ngenxa yendlela yokuphila ebusuku, awazange esabe abalimele ebasongela.
Ukubukeka nezimpawu
Photo: Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-bat?
AmaBatfish ane-muzzle ethambile nezindlebe ezimfishane. Ukuphela kwempumulo yazo kufana nesichibi esigoqe kancane phambili. Izimpiko zincanyana, zindilinga, zikhombe emaphethelweni. Izinhlobo ze-batfish zihluke kancane komunye nomunye ngobukhulu kanye nama-nuances kumbala noma ukwakheka kwamaphiko.
Isihlahla sehlathi sinezinwele ezimfushane ezilukhuni ezinesisu esilula. Izindlebe zakhe zikhulu kunezezezinye izinhlobo, okumenza abe ngumzingeli osebenza ehlathini. Ubude bomzimba bufika kuma-48 cm, kuthi amaphiko kube ngu-23-25 cm.
Ibhu elimnyama lilungu elincanyana kunazo zonke le-genus bat. Ubude bomzimba obuqoshwe phansi obukhulu bezidalwa ezinjalo buyi-44 mm, cishe irekhodi phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, amalulwane amancanyana anamaphiko afinyelela ku-22 cm, okuvumela lezi zilwane ukuthi zikwazi ukusebenza kalula, zomelele futhi zisheshe.
Iqiniso elihehayo: I-bat emnyama encane ifanela ebhokisini lokuqhathanisa ne-cub in thimble.
Ibhu elincanyana likhulu kancane kunelemifushane - lize lifike kuma-45 mm. Ibuye ihluka ngombala wendawo yesihlathi, okhanyayo noma ocishe ube mhlophe, ngokuhlukile kumbala obomvu webha elimnyama. I-Eastern bat ingumbala okhanyayo kakhudlwana kumbala wohlobo.
Futhi ayinasayizi amakhulu - ifinyelela ku-49 mm kuphela., Ubude, inamaphiko angama-cm angama-23. I-bat yemedithera inombala obomvu okhanyayo, amaphiko amnyama anesikhumba esiminyene nomucu omhlophe osuka kumsila uye kolwelwesi olunamaphiko.
Ngokuvamile, amalulwane angenye yabamele abancane kakhulu amalulwane. Naphezu kwegama layo elithi "esesabekayo", abantu abaningi abazihlobanisa nokuthile okungaqondakali, i-bat ayinikezeli umxhwele. Zinamehlo amancane ayindilinga, izindlebe eziyindilinga eqondile kanye namakhala amade angenawo. Wonke amalulwane anemizimba eyindilinga ehlanganiswa ngoboya.
Manje uyazi ukuthi i-bat itholakala kuphi. Masibone ukuthi udlani.
Ihlala kuphi i-bat?
Photo: bat bat
Uhla lwe-batfish luhlakazeka lusuka emithambekeni enomswakama ye-Eurasia iye e-Australia naseNingizimu Afrika.
Izinhlobo eziningi zamahlathi amalulwane zitholakala kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:
Amalulwane amaningi athanda ukuhlala eduze kwabantu, bekhetha izindawo zokuhlala ze-anthropogenic. Isibonelo, amabululu amancanyana athanda ukuhlomisa amakhaya ngaphansi kophahla lwezindlu, emihlanjini, noma okungenani emihumeni noma ezihlahleni ezisedolobhaneni nasemadolobheni.
Amalulwane amaningi akhetha indawo enamahlathi noma enezintaba indawo yokuhlala yaphakade. Zihlala emigodini yezihlahla noma emqheleni obukhulu, lapho zilenga emagatsheni zibheke phansi. IBatfish iphila impilo yokuhlala futhi ihlala ikhetha indawo efanayo nesiphephelo uma ingaxoshwa lapho.
Izinhlanzi zasolwandle zaseMedithera zithanda ukuhlala ezindaweni eziphakeme ngamakhilomitha amabili nengxenye ngaphezu kolwandle. Ngisho namalulwane amakhulu athambekele ekuhlalisweni ezakhiweni zabantu, kwesinye isikhathi okubangela ukuphazamiseka kubantu.
Isikhathi esiningi, amabatfish atholakala ngemuva kwamapulangwe ezakhiweni, ezindongeni ezivuzayo, ezakhiweni zamapulangwe ezilahliwe, emifantweni yezakhiwo zamatshe, lapho kuvulwa khona izitini. Izifunda ze-bat zigwenywa ezindaweni ezibandayo, noma izinhlobo ezinkulu zingatholakala e-Eastern Siberia. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-bat zithambekele ekufudukeni okufushane ngenkathi ebandayo.
Ngabe kudlani i-bat?
Isithombe: IBat eRussia
Amakati izidalwa ezihlaselayo, yize kungenasongo ebantwini. Lezi zilwane zidla izinambuzane ezibanjiwe futhi zidliwe khona lapho endizayo. Ekuzingeleni, amalulwane akhetha izindawo ezingaphezulu kwemizimba yamanzi, lapho kunezinambuzane eziningi, kanye nemiphetho evulekile emahlathini noma emasimini ezolimo.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Abantu be-bat bayazi ukuthi ziningi izinambuzane kusihlwa eduze namalambu ezindaweni zokuhlala kusihlwa, ngakho-ke ungabona kaningi amalulwane ezingela khona lapho eduze kwemithombo yokukhanya.
Amakati kuphela azingela ebusuku. Zindiza ngokushesha, zikhipha imvamisa nge-40-50 kHz, ebavumela ukuthi bakwazi ukunquma masinyane lapho iqembu lezinyamazane likhona. Umhlambi we-batfish ngokushesha undizela inyamazane bese ubamba ngokushesha izisulu endizeni zize zibe nesikhathi sokundiza. Amakati adla kakhulu. Umuntu onesisindo esingama-gramu angama-40 angadla amagremu wokudla angama-30.
Ukudla kwabo okujwayelekile kufaka:
AmaBatfish nawo atholakala ekhaya, kanti izibankwa nezinye izinhlobo zokuxuba izinambuzane kufanelekile kuzo. Amakati ayakwazi ukudla ngokweqile, ngoba lezi zilwane azizazi izinyathelo zokudla okunempilo, ngakho-ke kunobungozi obukhulu bokweqisa isilwane.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Photo: Bat emvelweni
Amabhu ahlala emihlambini emincane, ehlangana kuphela isikhathi sokuzalela. Ngokuvamile, bat banamathela emndenini wabo oseduze - lezi zilwane zinokuxhumana futhi zidinga umphakathi ohlala zizungezile. IBat ibuye futhi izingele ndawonye. Bahlela ukuhlala ezihlahleni, ezihlahleni zamadwala, emihumeni nasezakhiweni zabantu. Umhlambi omncane wesigaxa awuzihlomisi izidleke, kepha umane ubambelela emaphethelweni awo kunoma yikuphi ukuvela kanye nezindawo eziwugqinsi, ulenga ubheke phansi.
Ama-batfish awakwazi ukuhamba ngokuqondile, kodwa endaweni evundlile ahamba ngokukhamba ngenxa yokungabikho kwama-paws angaphambili - ancishiswa ngamaphiko. Ngokuvamile, izilwane zinamahloni kunalokho. Zindiza emoyeni ngokusondela okuncane komuntu, azikwazi ngokuphelele ukuhlasela ngokuphendula. Ukuphela kwethemba labo lokusindiswa ukundiza, lapho i-bat ithembela kuphela kumaphiko aqinile.
Esikhathini sasemini, amalulwane ahlala ezindlini zabo zokulala ezimnyama futhi abalele - amehlo abo ayazwela ukukhanya kwelanga, futhi ngenxa yombala nemishini yokundiza ebonakalayo, iphawuleka kakhulu kubazingeli. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi somsebenzi siwela ebusuku - khona-ke i-bat bat indiza izungeza iyofuna ukudla.
Iqiniso elihehayo: I-Bat ingawela kuhlobo lwe-hibernation - ukushuba kwesilwane lapho isilwane sihlala sazi khona, kepha umetabolism emzimbeni wayo uncipha.
Bafuna ukudla besebenzisa i-echolocation. Amabhu akhiqiza imisindo ephansi imvamisa edonsa izinto ezahlukahlukene abuyele kuzo. Ngakho-ke ebumnyameni, bat batthola kalula imihlambi yezinambuzane, kanye nokuthola izinyamazane nezinto ezinobungozi.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Photo: bat bat
Isikhathi sokuzala siqala, imvamisa ngesikhathi sebusika. Uma izinhlobo ze-bat zingahambi kahle ebusika, kepha zihola indlela yokuphila, kepha ukukhula komzimba kwehla ngokunembile ngalesi sikhathi. Abesifazane bahlukaniswe ngemihlambi emikhulu - abantu abayinkulungwane. Banamathela ndawonye emifantwini yamadwala nasemihumeni, bahlala beheha abesilisa ngokugoba.
Owesifazane ukhetha enye yeziduna eziye zabhabha phezulu, emva kwalokho ziyavela ngokushesha, emva kwalokho owesilisa nowesilisa bangahlukani. Abesilisa bagcina ngamaqembu amancane esikhathi sokuzalela noma bandiza behlukane nokuphumula.
Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-60. Njengomthetho, insikazi izala amawundlu amabili, kepha kukhona eyodwa noma ezintathu. Isikhathi esingangenyanga nesigamu, ubondla ubisi - sonke lesi sikhathi amathole abambe izingalo eziyishumi emaphethelweni emihumeni noma ekhonkolweni lesihlahla, alinde ngesineke ukuthi umama afike evela ekuzingeleni.
Uma ithole liwa, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi liwele emhlabeni. Amathole asindayo ngemuva kokuwa nawo afa, ngoba namanje awazi ukuthi angandiza kanjani. Ngokuvamile, i-bat akuvamile ukuba isuke emhlabathini - kudingeka idlule egqumeni. Ngakho-ke, isigaxa esibonakala emhlabeni sizokufa.
Amakati ayakwazi ukuphila iminyaka eyi-16, kepha endle kunzima ukusinda kuze kube yiminyaka emi-5. Inganda, ifinyelele eminyakeni engu-11 izinyanga. Ngemuva kokungcola kokuqala, izinsikazi ziyakwazi ukuzala njalo, kuphela ngokuphela kokukhulelwa bese zikhulelwa futhi.
Izitha zemvelo ze-bat
Photo: Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-bat?
Ngenxa yendlela yokuphila yasebusuku yezitha zemvelo, ama-batfish anokumbalwa. Okokuqala, lezi yizikhova, izikhova nezikhova, ezinobubanzi obufanayo bokuzingela nesikhathi esifanayo somsebenzi. Izikhova nazo zinendlela efanayo yokuzingela - zibamba inyamazane empukane.
Amalungu ayakwazi ukuthola indawo yezilwane ezidla izambane likanye ngokusetshenziswa kwezinkanyezi, bese kuthi emva kwalokho - akwedlule. Kepha izikhova zivame ukuhlasela zisuka phezulu, futhi amabatha endiza asondele ebusweni bomhlaba, abambe izinambuzane. Amalungu awavezi nje ukuqondisa izinkanyezi phezulu, azenze zibe sengozini yezikhova.
Isikhova siyantshontsha phezulu bese sibamba isigaxa, siphule umgogodla ngaso leso sikhathi. Lokhu akuyona impatho eyintandokazi yezikhova, ngakho-ke bahlasela nge-bat kuphela uma kwenzeka kuphuthumayo. Amathambo nesikhumba se-bat akusenzi inyamazane enempilo yezilwane ezidla ezinye.
Futhi, ama-ferrets, ama-martens, ama-weasels kanye nezinye izisulu zomhlaba eziphakathi nendawo angazingela i-bat. Okokuqala, ngokuzithandela acosha amathole awele bese ewela endaweni evundlile ye-bat. Futhi, lezi zidlova ziyakwazi ukuphuma emashalofini - utshani, izikebhe, ngenxa yamatshe, lapho amalulwane adla umhlabathi phansi.
Amabhuthi awunazo izindlela zokuzivikela. Amachaphaza awo afanelekile ngokuqhekeka i-chitin yezinambuzane, futhi i-bat ayisheshanga ngokwanele futhi ingakwazi ukuxosha abahlaseli.
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinhlobo eziningi zamalulwane zihlukaniswa njengezilwane ezingandile, lokhu kusongela akusongeli i-bat. AmaBatfish asekela imiphakathi emikhulu, eye yancipha kancane nje ngenxa yomthelela we-anthropogenic.
Eminyakeni eyishumi eyedlule, izindlela zokulondolozwa kwezinyoni nazo seziqalisiwe, ezihambisana nokuncishiswa kokungcoliswa kwamakhemikhali kwamahlathi, yingakho inani le-bat lenyuke kancane. Noma kunjalo, ama-bat ihlathi abhalwe ku-Red Book eSverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Nizhny Novgorod, eSt. Petersburg nakwezinye izindawo zase-Ukraine.
Lokhu kungenxa yezici ezilandelayo:
- Ukungcoliswa kwamakhemikhali kwemvelo kulezi zindawo. Lokhu kuhlobene nomkhakha noma ukuthuthukiswa kwezolimo,
- ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo yamalulwane ngenxa yokuqunjelwa kwamahlathi,
- ukucekelwa phansi kwamalulwane kanye nezilwane nezinambuzane yizinambuzane (ngokwesibonelo, amagundane, lawo, njengamalulwane, angahlala ezindlini nakwezinye izindawo zokuhlala).
I-Bat - Isilwane esivamile, okuthi, njengomthetho, sinosayizi omncane kakhulu. Abathandi bezilwane ezixakile baze bazigcine zisekhaya, kepha batfish bafuna izimo zokuvalelwa, futhi badinga nendlela ekhethekile ukuze izilwane zingethuki futhi zingalumi umniniyo. Kepha ngokwejwayelekile, lezi yizilwane ezinobungane nezesabekayo esezihlale isikhathi eside ndawonye nabantu.