Ku-ornithology, igama elithi "inyoni edla inyama" lichaza noma yiziphi izinhlobo zezinyoni ezizingela endizeni, ezinemilingo eqinile, iso elibukhali nomlomo oqinile ongabamba noma ubulale inyamazane yalo. Kakhulu, ngenxa yalezi zimpawu ezesabekayo, abantu abaningi babheka izinyoni ezidla ezinye zezilwane ezesabekayo emhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukungavumi ukuthi ngasikhathi sinye lezi zilwane ezinkulu zidonsa futhi zidale izidalwa ezinhle.
Kunezindlela eziningana ezahlukahlukene ezisetshenziselwa ukunquma usayizi walezi zinyoni, njengobude obugcwele, amaphiko noma isisindo, empeleni esenza ubuciko bokuthola izinyoni ezinkulu kakhulu ezidla inyama.
Ukuqwashisa ngalezi zinyoni ezinhle, sanquma ukwenza uhlu lwabazingeli abakhulu kunabo bonke, abasindayo kakhulu, abanamandla kakhulu futhi abesabekayo.
Ukusuka ezindlwaneni ezinkulu nezinsimbi ezinwabuzelayo kuya ezinkozi eziyimpandla, nazi izinyoni ezingama-25 ezinkulu zezinyamazane, ezimangazayo, yize zivusa ukwesaba!
25. Andean Condor
Njengoba ihlala e-Andes nasogwini olusondelene nePacific lwaseNingizimu Melika, i-Andean Condor iyinyoni enkulu kunazo zonke ezindizayo emhlabeni ngezindlela ezihlangene zesisindo namaphiko. Izimpiko zale nyoni zifinyelela kumamitha angama-3,3, futhi zingangesihlanu ngobukhulu phakathi kwezinyoni (amaphiko amakhudlwana kuphela ezinhlotsheni ezimbili ze-albatross nezinhlobo ezimbili zama-pelicans).
Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi usesimweni esisengcupheni, i-Andean condor nayo ingenye yezinyoni ezihlala isikhathi eside emhlabeni: iminyaka yokuphila yazo idlula iminyaka engama-70.
24. Umkhozi Okhohlisiwe
ICrowned Eagle iyinyoni enkulu yezinyamazane ehlala eningizimu yeSahara eNingizimu Afrika. Ihlome ngezindlawu ezinkulu ezinkulu ngokungajwayelekile nemilenze yangemuva eqinile, ukhozi olunomqhele lubhekwa njengokhozi olunamandla kakhulu e-Afrika, luzahlulela kusukela lapho kubhekwa khona isisindo sezisulu zalo. Uvama ukusebenzisa izilwane ezincelisayo ezinjenge-bushbuck (uhlobo lwenyoka) ezingaba amakhilogremu angama-30.
23. Wedge-tailed ukhozi
I-Wedge Tailed Eagle iyinyoni enkulu kunazo zonke ezidla inyama e-Australia futhi esinye sezilwane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Ikwazi ukukhuphuka esibhakabhakeni amahora amaningi ngaphandle kokuphapha amaphiko, ukhozi lwe-V-umsuka lunamaphiko afinyelela kumamitha angama-2,84 futhi lufinyelele kubude bamamitha ayi-1,06.
Inamaphiko amade, abanzi ngokulingene, imilenze enemibala egcwele futhi, ngokungangabazeki, nomsila obunjiwe (ngenxa yalokho igama).
22. I-Himalayan Vulture
Umlindo weHimalayan, owaziwa nangokuthi i-kumai noma i-voul vulture, uyinyoni enkulu evela kuma-Old World Vultures angaphansi.
Enye yezidlakudla ezinkulu futhi ezidla langempela, le nhlobo ihlala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziphakemeyo zeHimalaya, iPamir, iTibet neKazakhstan kuze kufike emngceleni osenyakatho nentshonalanga ye-Afghanistan kanye nasemaBhutan aseningizimu.
21. Ukhozi lwegolide
Enye yezinyoni ezidumile nezisakazeke kakhulu ezidla inyama enyakatho hemisphere, ukhozi oluyigolide luyisidlakela esikhulu esinemibala enamaphiko amamitha ayi-2.34.
Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, izinyoni zalolu hlobo ziphakathi kwezinto ezihlonishwa kakhulu: zazisetshenziswa ku-falconry. Izindlela ezingaphansi zase-Euro zasetshenziselwa ukuzingela nokubulala inyamazane enkulu enjengempisi.
Ngenxa yamakhono amahle kakhulu wokuzingela, le nyoni iphathwa ngenhlonipho enkulu kumasiko athile obuzwe.
20. Owl
Njengoba inamaphiko angaba amasentimitha angama-190, isikhova sokhozi kwesinye isikhathi sibizwa ngokuba isikhova esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ihlala ikakhulu ezindaweni ezinezintaba, amahlathi anezinhlwathi kanye nezinyoka, isidleke sokhozi esidla izinyamazane ebusuku, esidla ngezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezihlaselayo, ikakhulukazi izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane kanye nezinye izinyoni, izidalwa ezihuquzelayo, izinyoni ezinamaphiko, izinhlanzi, izinambuzane ezinkulu kanye nezilwane zasendle ezihlukahlukene.
19. I-harpy yaseNingizimu Melika
I-South America harpy iyisidleke esikhulu kunazo zonke futhi esinamandla kunazo zonke esihlala eMelika, futhi ingelinye lezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zokhozi emhlabeni.
Ukubhujiswa kwendawo yokuhlala kwalezi zinyoni kuholele ekuqothulweni kwazo ezingxenyeni eziningi zohlu lwazo lwangaphambili (ikakhulukazi eMelika Ephakathi), kodwa, ngenhlanhla, le nyoni emangalisayo isavamile kakhulu.
18. Indoda enentshebe, noma iwundlu
Zihlala ezindaweni ezinezintaba ukusuka eYurophu kuya ezingxenyeni eziningi ze-Asia nase-Afrika, amabhele anentshebe ayizinyoni ezinkulu ezidla inyama enamaphiko angafika kumamitha ayi-2,83. Le nyoni ingaqashelwa ngamaphiko ayo amade ngokungajwayelekile nangendlela emincane nomsila omude owenziwe ngesundu.
Indoda enentshebe i-scavenger ene-acidity enamandla kakhulu yejusi lesisu (i-pH elinganiselwa ku-1), emvumela ukuba ukugaya ngisho namathambo amakhulu.
17. UPhilippine ukhozi
Yaziwa nangokuthi i-monkey esidla, noma i-Filipino harpy, ukhozi lwasePhilippines lubhekwa njengokhozi olukhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni ngokuya ngobude bomzimba nobuso bephiko.
Njengoba ingenye yezinyoni ezingandile futhi eziqine kakhulu emhlabeni, kuye kwathiwa inyoni kazwelonke yePhilippines. Lolu hlobo lusongelwa ngokuqothulwa, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokulahleka kwezindawo zokuhlala ezinkulu ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi.
Ngenhlanhla, uhulumeni wasePhilippine wenze imizamo eminingi ukugcina le nhlobo, futhi ukubulawa kukokhozi lwasePhilippine kungukuthi kujeziswe iminyaka eyi-12 ejele.
16. ukhozi lwempi
Ihlala ezindaweni ezivulekile nezingenamuntu ezivulekile e-Afrika eningizimu yeSahara, ukhozi lwempi luyinyoni enkulu kakhulu, ubude bawo bufika kumasentimitha angama-96, izimpiko ziphezulu ngamasentimitha angama-260, kanti isisindo sayo singamakhilogremu ayi-6.2.
Idla yonke into kusuka kwezinye izinyoni kuya ezikhungweni zezinyoka ngisho nezinyoka ezinkulu nezinobungozi, kufaka ne-mamba emnyama, ukhozi lwempi kungenye yezinyoni ezinamandla kakhulu ezidla ubhedu emhlabeni.
15. Inhlanzi Owl
Igama lesiLatini lezinhlobo linikezwa ukuhlonipha usosayensi wemvelo ongumNgisi uThomas Blakiston, owathola lolu hlobo lwezikhova eJapan ngo-1883.
Isikhova esikhulu isikhova esikhulu esizingela ezindaweni ezisogwini zase-East Asia naseRussia. Uma kunamaphiko angaba amasentimitha afinyelela kwangama-190, isikhova senhlanzi kwesinye isikhathi sithathwa njengesikhova esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni (okungenani ngokwe-mappan).
14. Ukhozi lwasolwandle lukaSteller
Ukhozi lwasolwandle lukaSteller luyinyoni enkulu yezinyamazane ehlala ezigangeni zaseNyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Asia.
Inomlomo omkhulu ophuzi, le nyoni idla kakhulu izinhlanzi kanye nama-waterfowl. Izinto azithandayo azithandayo yi-salmon ne-trout.
Ngokwesilinganiso, ngokhozi olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni: abanye abantu bafinyelela amakhilogremu ayi-9 esisindo.
13. Umsuka we-African eared
Le nyoni enamanzi amancane kakhulu ingenye yezimpisi ezinde futhi ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Umsuka we-African eared yi-scavenger, udla ikakhulukazi izidumbu zezilwane. Lezi zinyoni zinamandla futhi zinolaka kangangokuthi ezinye izindlawu zivame ukungaphansi kwesidumbu uma zinquma ukuzenza zaziwe.
12. eCondor Condor
Ifinyelela kumakhilogremu angama-12 esisindo, iCalifornia Condor iyinyoni enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni eseNyakatho Melika futhi ingesinye sezilwane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Lezi zinhlobo zacishe zanyamalala ngonyaka we-1987 (kulo nyaka iCondor yokugcina yase-California ephila ngenkululeko yabanjwa), kepha-ke, ngenxa yohlelo lokubuyiselwa kobuningi, izinhlobo ziphinde zatholakala kwezinye izingxenye ze-Arizona, Utah neCalifornia.
ICalifornia Condor iyinyoni engokomfanekiso yamaqembu amaningi aseMelika aseCalifornian Native futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ezinganekwaneni zawo zendabuko.
11. ukhozi olunomsila omhlophe
Yaziwa nangokuthi ukhozi lwasolwandle noma ukhozi olwandle olimpunga, ukhozi olunomsila omhlophe inyoni enkulu kakhulu yezinyamazane, ifinyelela ubude bamasentimitha angama-94 olunamaphiko afinyelela kumamitha angama-2,45.
Umzingeli onekhono kakhulu, kanye ne-scavenger eguqukayo, ukhozi olunomsila omhlophe lubhekwa njengesihlobo esiseduze sokhozi oluyimpuphu, lisebenzisa i-niche efanayo yemvelo, kepha luse-EU kuphela.
10. Imvelo emnyama
Umuthi omnyama inyoni enkulu yezinyamazane ehlala insimu enkulu ye-Eurasia.
Ifinyelela isisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-14, ubude bamamitha ayi-1,2 futhi inamaphiko amamitha amathathu, isigqoko esimnyama kwesinye isikhathi sithathwa njengeyinyoni enkulu yeqiniso esidla inyama emhlabeni.
9. Umdabu wase-Afrika
Ukuba yisihlobo esisondele kakhulu somthi omhlophe onamakhanda amhlophe e-Europe, lesi sihlahla somdabu sase-Afrika siyisihlahla esivamile, ikhanda nekhanda laso kuphela alinamikhono, amaphiko aso abanzi kakhulu futhi umsila waso umfushane.
Le nyoni inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-7,2, ifinyelela ubude obufika kumitha eyi-1 kanti inamaphiko amamitha ayi-2.25. Umhlando wase-Afrika yi-scavenger, idla ikakhulukazi izidumbu zezilwane, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ayizideleli izinsalela zokudla ezikuthola eduze kwezindawo zokuhlala abantu.
8. Ukhozi lweKaffir
Njengoba ihlala ezindaweni ezinamagquma nezintaba zase-Afrika, iNhlonhlo Yase-Arabia kanye nengxenye eseningizimu ne-Middle East, ukhozi lweKaffir luyisidlakela esikhulu esinemibala emincane.
Ubude bawo ukusuka kuqhwaku luya esiqongweni somsila bufika kumasentimitha angama-96, kanti izinsikazi (ezivame ukuba zikhulu kunabesilisa) zingaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-7.
7. Isikhova
Yaziwa nangamanye amagama amaningi, njenge-ashen owl, isikhova saseLapland, isikhova esinezintshebe, isikhova esimpunga inyoni enkulu kakhulu, ebhaliswe njengohlobo olukhulu lwezikhova emhlabeni ngobude (ingafinyelela amasentimitha angama-80).
Isikhova isikhova sibonakala sikhulu kakhulu futhi sinamandla, kepha ukubukeka kwaso kuyakhohlisa, ngoba le nyoni, embozwe izimpaphe ezinamandla kakhulu, inesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-1,29.
6. Orlan Screamer
Ihlala eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi kulo lonke elaseningizimu yeSahara yase-Afrika, ukhozi oluhlokayo luyinyoni enkulu yezinyamazane olufana nolokhozi oluyimpuphu ekubukekeni kwalo.
Izinsikazi zalolu hlobo (ezinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-3,6 futhi ezinamaphiko afinyelela kumamitha angama-2,4) zikhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa.
Ukuba ngenye yezinkozi ezivame kakhulu e-Afrika, ukhozi olukhalayo luyinyoni kazwelonke emazweni anjengeZimbabwe, iZambia kanye neSouth Sudan.
5. Cape vulture
ICape Vulture ingumthombo we-Old World vulture oseningizimu ne-Afrika. Ihlala ikakhulu esifundeni seLesotho, iBotswana neNamibia, umqhele we-cape uyinyoni enkulu nenamandla yezinyamazane ezingamamitha ayi-115 ubude, inesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-11 futhi enamaphiko afinyelela kumamitha angama-2,6.
4. Ukhozi Olunamabala Amhlophe
Yaziwa nangokuthi ukhozi olwandle olunesifuba esimhlophe, ukhozi olunamabamba amhlophe inyoni enkulu yesikhathi sasemini, ehlala endaweni esuka eNdiya iye eSri Lanka kulo lonke elaseNingizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia nase-Australia.
Le nyoni ihlala ogwini kanye nasemigwaqweni emikhulu yamanzi, yokuzalanisa nokuzingela eduze kwamanzi. Izinhlanzi zakha cishe isigamu sokudla kwakhe, kepha futhi ungumdubuli ovumelana nezimo.
Inyoni edla inyama ingafinyelela amasentimitha angama-90 ubude, ibe namaphiko afinyelela kumamitha angama-2,2 futhi inesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-4,5.
3. ukhozi olude olunomsila
Ukhozi olude olunomsila ukhozi olukhulu olunsundu oluhlala eCentral Asia. Ubukhulu benyoni bufika ngamasentimitha angama-84 ubude, amaphiko lawo aze afike kumasentimitha angama-215.
Ukudla kwakhe kubandakanya izinhlanzi zasemanzini amasha. Ukhozi olude olunomsila mhlawumbe ngesisindo esikhulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwezinyoni ezidla inyama. Kwaqoshwa icala lapho ukhozi olude olunomsila lubanjwa, luphakamisa futhi luhambise emoyeni inhlanzi enesisindo sayo ephindwe kabili.
2. I-Griffon Vulture
Njengoba inamaphiko afinyelela kumamitha angama-2,8 nesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-15, i-griffon vulture ingumhlanga omkhulu we-Old World, ongatholakala ezingxenyeni eziningi zeYurophu nase-Asia. Izinhlobo zemihlambi emikhulu emadwaleni angenakufinyeleleka, ezingafundwanga ngabantu.
1. U-Bald Ukhozi
Njengoba iyinyoni yesizwe kanye nesilwane sezwe lase-United States, ukhozi olukhulu lwenyamazane inyamazane enkulu inyamazane evela emndenini wezinkukhu, ezihlala ezindaweni eziningi zaseNyakatho Melika.
Umzingeli omuhle wezinhlanzi, ukhozi oludumile luyaziwa ngokwakha izidleke ezinkulu kakhulu zamahlumela azo zonke izilwane ezake zalotshwa emhlabeni: kufinyelela kumamitha amane ngokujulile namamitha ayi-2,5 ububanzi.
Amaphiko abo aphakathi kwamamitha ayi-1.8-2.3, kanti isisindo imvamisa sisuka kumakhilogremu amathathu kuya kwayi-6.3.